become Christians and many also by seeing the truth were drawen to imbrace the fayth of Christ when as the Bonzies which thing Francis had long for seene hindred the course of the Ghospell For when they perceaued that by bringing in and increase of Christian Religion the respect both to their Gods and their owne authority came to be set at naught they began in good earnest to be all on fire with rage anger And so thrust forward as well with madnes as by the Deuill himselfe they come in great troopes to their king telling him very resolutely and plainly That he should looke very warily what he did and should prouide both for his owne safety and of the common good whilest it was in his power If he did permit his subiects to entertayne strange Religious their Countrey Gods would certaynly become a mocking stocke euery where and if they were once incensed what could he expect els but that Cangoxima and his whole kingdome would within a while be vtterly ouerthrowne Did not he see that the Christian Religion was wholy repugnaÌ„t to that of Iaponia how it lost euery day so much as the Christian Religion gayned Neyther could he be ignoraÌ„t that where strange ceremonies should be preferred before those of their owne couÌ„try there would be caused extreme sorrow to the country Gods And certaynely it was a lesse fault for the people to offend therein then for the King to winke at others offences The slower that Heauen was in punishing the more enraged would the wrath thereof be when it came For no doubt but the first founders of the Iaponian Religion would be reuenged of Cangoxima for so great a disgrace and that both he his kingdome would be vtterly destroyed for the impiety of a few Wherefore if he had any respect or reuerence of his Country ceremonies or Gods it were wisedome to looke eyther for their fauour or stand in feare of their anger The King being stroken with this speach of the Bonzies being also out of hope of commercement with the Portugheses published presently an Edict or Proclamation prohibiting vnder payne of imprisoment death that all men should keep their CouÌ„try Religion that heerafter none should become Christians But Xauerius hoping euery day that times might grow better calmer tooke great care in looking to his yong flocke And all the rest of his tyme which he did not imploy therin he was accustomed to bestow vpon God with whome he conuersed more then with men esteeming such diuine conferences to be not only an incouragement to vertue but a comfort also in the time of persecution and labour He therfore being a stranger in a Barbarous Citty and which was wholy bent against him endured with wonderfull quiet of mind many and grieuous miseries as well of hungar and cold as of other extreeme difficulties But hauing passed a whole yeare in these labours incommodities when he perceiued there was small or no hope left for increase of the Ghospell at Cangoxima he resolued to depart from thence to some other place Wherfore bidding farewell to his Neophytes he left the protection of them to Paul of the holy Faith togeather with Cosmas Turianus and Iohn Fernandez raysed vp with new hopes intended to passe into the kingdome of Figua whither now the Portugheses had resorted for traffique It is incredible to be spoken what aboundance of teares the new Christians shed vpon Francis his departure from them for al did beare him extraordinary affection as well for many other respects as chiefly for his singular sanctity of life Wherfore weeping in lamentable manner calling him Maister Guide and Father they tooke at last their leaues with infinite thankes for the great paynes he had taken in shewing them the way to eternall saluation There were well-â—eere 800. Neophytes so well instructed that though â—ey were within a few months after bereaued of Paulâ—eir â—eir maister yet they perseuered euery one of them 〈◊〉 the Christian faith seauen whole yeares without â—â—y other guide vntill some of the Society came thiâ—er againe The kingdome of Figua is in that Iland of Iaponiaâ—hich â—hich as we sayd is called Ximus In this Kingâ—ome there is a towne called Firandum about â—00 â—iles from Cangoxima whither he repayed and was â—ourteously entertayned by the Portugheses and by â—heir meanes also by the King himself with whome â—emayning for some dayes he brought well nigh an â—00 of the Cittizens to the faith of Christ And although he repented not himselfe of the paines which he had taken amongst the Portugheses and those of Firandum for he had in few dayes made more Christians in Firandum then he had done in Cangoxima in many monthes yet hauing greater matters in hand and committing the charge of the Neophytes to Cosmas Turianus and taking Iohn Fernandez with him he passeth ouer into the Iland of Iapon intending to go to Meaco But vnderstanding by those who were experienced in those parts that Amangucium a Towne of good note lay in his way he presently goeth thither to sound out and try the disposition and incâ—â—nation of the King of that Country Amangucium is a very ample and famous sea Towne scituated in that part of Iaponia which as we said is properly called Iapon For there the King of that Country hath his Royall seate who being very wealthy potent striueth for the Empire with the King of Meaco who is accounted the greatest King of all the rest That towne of Amangucium according to the fashion of that country is built of tymber conteyning in it to the number of 10000. families and is distant from Firandum almost 300. miles As soone therfore as Xauerius came thither he found very many of the Nobility and more of the vulgar sort desirous to know the Christian Religion wherof they had long since heard many things by report He therfore obserued this order that twice euery day at the corners of streetes and in crosse wayes before a great concourse of people he explicated the Ghospel of Christ out of a written paper for he had not yet gotten the Iaponian language perfectly yet all did not with the like prosperous successe giue eare vnto the word of God many did indeed hearken very willingly thereto but more contemned the same some also laughed thereat in skornefull manner In so much that when Xauerius went along in the steetes a great company of boyes and baser people followed and mocked him as though he had byn out of his wits repeating also in a scoffing manner many words of the sacred mysteryes and Christian lawes which he had read vnto him All which things he bare patiently ioyfully not considering so much the reproach as the cause thereof so as he did much more good by his patient suffering then by words For the wiser sort of his auditours seeing playnly that he was no foole admired at his singular patience and quietnesse of mynd in the
humane assistaÌ„ce For in his iorney to Trauancoris when he passed through the midst of his enemies he seemed to thrust himselfe into manifest danger But far morâ— euident was that perill when he attempted to instruct the inhabitants of Maurica a Nation extraordinary fierce and cruell hauing no other defence agaynst those barbarous and sauage people but his confidence in God He also aduentured to passe in a Pyrates ship into Iaponia the furthest part of the East without any feare of danger although his deerest friends and such as were most expert therein presented before his eyes how many extreme difficulties there were Concerning which thing he wrote himself vnto the Prouinciall of Portugall in these words All my well-willers and friends are amazed that I am not afrayd to vndertake so long and dangerous a iorney They lay before me many dangers of teÌ„pests quicksands and Pyrates But I am no lesse amazed at them that they haue so little confidence in God in whose hands and power all those things are placed I for my part knowing for certaine that al things are gouerned according to God Almighties beck and commandment do feare nothing else but God himselfe least he should punish me according to the deâ—erts of my negligence and sloth in his seruice and â—f the obseruance of my Religion But as for other â—errours dangers miseries and crosses I do not at â—ll weigh them For I feare only God the maker and â—oderatour of all things because other things how â—urtfull soeuer they be cannot annoy vs but on â—y so farre forth as God permits them It is wonderfull also what Confidence he repoâ—ed in the diuine assistance So as hauing only God for â—is guide through so many dangers both by sea and 〈◊〉 and through so many Nations different in language and manners he penetrated to the furthest parts of the East and by his often passing ouer the Ocean â—e instructed those sauadge and barbarous Nations in the mysteries of the Christian faith and brought them at last to a ciuill life And indeed his Confidence in God did neuer fayle but alwayes freed him from the dangers both of enemies tempests and other calamities For to pretermit with silence other things wherof we haue already spoken in their proper places in passing ouer the Iaponian seas when as the Barbarians bent all their fury agaynst him he by diuine Assistance escaped all their machinations without any hurt or danger at all He also in the sea of Moluca suffered ship wrack thrice and once also he miraculously escaped by lying vpon a plancke after shipwracke tossed vp downe the sea without any hurt at all for the space of two or three dayes Moreouer he auoyded the fury of the Saracens who were set in armes against him by lying secret for many dayes togeather in a wood hard by Also he did not only defeate the strategems which his enemies had plotted against him by the force of armes but discouered their secret inuentioÌ„s also when as they sought to poison him And besides all this he very often escaped the incursions of Pyrates by sea as likewise of theeues by land Agayne being wholy inflamed with the loue of God he did not only contemne difficultyes and dangers but seemed also to imbrace them willingly Wherfore as desirous to suffer in the very midst of incommodities dangers he earnestly besought God not to free him from them vnlesse it were to vndergo greater for the glory of his diuine Maiesty And the diuine Goodnes corresponding sweetly to the magnanimity of his mind heaped vpon him store of sufferings and merits with no lesse approbation in the sight of Heauen then ioy comfort to himselfe He likewise in that most hard and difficile expedition into China shewed no lesse courage For notwithstanding as we haue sayd before that no stranger could enter the bounds of that Countrey without certayne danger of his lyfe or liberty the same penalty being designed as well for the stranger that entreth in as for him that bringeth him yet hauing an admirable coÌ„fidence in God who had moued him to that resolutition and to the vndertaking of that iourney he determined to commit his lyfe to the trust of a Chinese merchant which was no lesse doubtfull and dangerous then the entrance itselfe into China Concerning which he wrote himself to Francis Peren at Malaca to this tenour In this busines my friends bring two daÌ„gers against me the one least the merchant hauing already receyued his money may breake his promise and eyther leaue me in some desert Iland or else cast me headlong into the sea that so his bargayne of passing me ouer may not come to light The other is supposing he stand to his promisse least the Gouernour of the Citty may make me being a stranger an example to others of comming into China agaynst the Kings Edict without publicke warrant eyther put me to death by torments or else cast me into perpetuall prison Against these dangers I obiect others farre greater which themselues do not perceyue And the first is least we distrust the diuine Goodnes and Prouidence For we come hither for Gods only Cause to preach to these Countryes his sacred Law and his sonne Christ Iesus the Redeemer of mankind whereof God himselfe who gaue me this mind is my witnesse So as now to cast off our hope and confidence in his Diuine Prouidence and power for the dangers we are said to be subiect vnto in labouring for his cause ought certaynly to be esteemed a far greater danger then whatsoeuer the enemyes of God and Men are euerable to bring vpon me Especially seeing that neither the Diuels themselues nor their ministers can hurt vs at all but only by the permission and will of God What can we say to this That if God do approue and further our endeauours we shall by his fauour not only be deliuered from dangers but also follow the admonition of our Sauiour Christ who sayeth He that shall looâ—se his lyfe in this world for me shall find it Wherefore for as much as we hould these dangers of the soule farre greater theÌ„ those of the body we esteeme it far better and more secure to breake through those of this lyfe rather then to hazard the saluation of our soule I am fully resolued God willing to go into China in despite of all his enemies For if God be with vs who shal be against vs We do without all doubt go vpon great danger although there were nothing else but perpetuall seruitude But this consideration comforteth me that it is much better to serue in captiuity for Gods cause then to enioy liberty by running away froÌ„ the Crosse c. In which words he doth indeed sufficiently shew an vndaunted courage against all dangers And how much Xauerius contemned all the miseries of this world appeared also by another letter of his to Iames Perera whereof we haue inserted a clause in its
maister ouer himselfe his Chastity still hauing predominancy oouer all disordinate appetites And by Gods particular assistance he euer preserued the flower of virginall Integrity without spot or stayne so that the Heauenly spouse who feeds among the Lillies may seeme euen then to haue haue taken vp his habitation in his brest His Chastity as is the nature therof sharpened his wit and prepared his mind as a most pure soile to receiue the seeds of wisedome Therefore making no account of his brothers words who went about by warlike discourses to draw him to be a man of armes the ancient ornament of their Ancestours he stucke close to his resolutioÌ„ whether stirred vp by the late example of his Father or drawne by the delight of knowledge or moued by diuine instinct he preferred the glory of learning before warlike prayses Yet the desire of Honour a deepe rooted Euill by succession from his ancestours intermingled it selfe with his best intentions For as great Nobility ordinarily aspireth to excellency so he by reason of his liberall Education became of an high and lofty spirit And relying much vpon his wit began to looke after great and high matters therby to augment the Honour of his Noble Family For this cause therefore he resolued to furnish himselfe with the greatest knowledge and learning he could the only way as he thought to increase in himselfe both dignity and wealth a resolution more glorious to the shew then sound in substance CHAP. II. At Paris by Ignatius of Loyola he is conuerted to a vertuous Life THE Vniuersity of Paris was at that time famous both for antiquity and learning also very much frequented in respect of her excellent Professours and Maisters by the long continuance of peace the best wits of Enrope resorting thither to furnish themselues with all kind of eminent knowledge Francis therfore being not more desirous of learning then glory as soone as he thought himselfe scholler good inough went also to Paris where as soone as he came being admitted into the Colledge of S. Barbara the chiefe residence of the whole Vniuersity both for Readers and Schollers â—e betoke himselfe wholy to the study of Philosophy â—hat he might afterwards with more facility and ease â—pply himselfe to Diuinity This generous resolution he secondeth with CoÌ„â—ancy a Vertue able to effect the greatest matters He â—as not tyred out with coÌ„tinuall labours nor drawne â—y any disordered pastimes or pleasures the greatest â—agues of inconstant youth froÌ„ his intended course â—ut contrary wise in a Schoole so much frequented â—â—â—mulation of choice wits the greatest incitement to 〈◊〉 drew on more eagerly his desires bent wholy 〈◊〉 the attaining of excellency And the successe was not vnanswerable to his endeauour So as hauing no lesse prosperously then constantly ended his course of Philosophy he purchased to himselfe not only learning but also honour due thereunto For as soone as he had giuen worthy testimony of his labours to the moderatours of the Vniuersity he tooke as the custome is degree of Maister and being also preferred to read Philosophy he did for sometyme explicate Aristotle there publickly not without prayse Then from Philosophy he passeth to Diuinity followeth it with the same feruour of spirit and temper of life In this meane tyme Francis desirous as is vsuall to maintaine his Nobility Estimation amongst his Equals fell into extraordinary expences for which cause Iassus his Father began to thinke of calling him home Xauierius had at Gandia a noble Citty of Spaine an elder sister that was there Abbesse of religious virgins called by reason of their austerity of life Discalceats a woman of eminent sanctity She vnderstaÌ„ding her fathers intention learning also by diuinâ— reuelation what a great man Francis would one daâ— proue intreated him by her letters very seriously 〈◊〉 furnish Francis who was yet at Paris in his chiefeâ— studies with all things abundantly and to spare noâ— cost though he should speÌ„d al he had vpoÌ„ him for thaâ— God had ordayned him to be the Apostle of the new World and the further Easterne parts These letter are yet extant in the Castle of XaueriuÌ„ as witnesses oâ— this Prophesy the euent wherof afterward proued 〈◊〉 be true Iassus therfore taking courage by the predictiâ— of his daughter of whose eminent Sanctity he had certain proofe from thenceforth allowed Francis all necessary expences in abundant manner But whilst Xauierius attending more to Honour then his owne saluation directeth his study of Diuinity to humane ends Gods powerfull hand intercepted his vaine endeauours turned the same to a more glorious pursuit of a pious and holy life Francis as we said before remained still in S. Barbara's Colledge and had for his chamberfellow one â—eter Faber a Sauoyard by Nation a man of a greater â—it then descent At the same time Ignatius Loyola 〈◊〉 who afterward was the Institutour and Founder of the Society of Iesus coÌ„ming to Paris gaue himself also to the study first of Philosophy afterwards of Diuinity As soone therfore as he met with Faber and Xauerius their like dispositions and studies as many times it hapneth brought them presently acquainted And at last Ignatius being by them courteously receiued for companion and chamber-fellow requited â—his their friendship most aboundantly For perceiâ—ing in them both notable forward wits and hauing â—erfectly found out their natures he began to draw â—hem by friendly offices to giue them wholsome coÌ„â—ell as occasion serued by sweet meanes to allure â—hem to the perfection of a Christian life insinuating â—nto them that they should seriously thinke with theÌ„â—elues that man endowed with an immortall Soule â—as not borne for this short and miserable life but for â—uerlasting blessednes and to remeÌ„ber that whatsoever they saw heere was not so much giuen to mortall men to vse and enioy as to bring them to know and loue God that they should preferre those goods which were eternall and properly their owne before that which was temporall and only lent vnto them For what would it auaile a man to gaine the whole world and loose his owne soule If the sonne of God himself had now left men most certaine meanes for saluation what discretion were it to remaine among their deadly enemies dartes without those helps to defend them Wherfore they should sometimes and that euery eight day if they would follow his aduise arme themselues with the Sacraments of Confession the holy Eucharist for being armed with these heaueÌ„ly weapons they might easily withstand their enemy wheras being naked without them they should as it were giue him their throates to cut c. These admonitions were not alike gratefull acceptable to them both Faber who had no great desire to any thing of this world embraced them with great affection But Francis hauing his mind set fully vpon desire of greatnes wholy reiected them For he was of a very liuely yet
of many who giuing ouer Idolatry became Christians And the Brachmans being astonished as wel at his great learning as at the miracles wrought by him turning their hate into reuerence endeauoured to gaine his fauour and friendship both by guiftes all other meanes they could deuise But his loue of pouerty was not ouercome by any such fauours and though he reiected their guiftes to keep his owne liberty free yet notwithstanding he conserued good correspondence and friendship with them And as he went his circuit about the townes of the Christians oftentimes he lodged in their abiding places which are also called Pagods as their Gods are hoping that some of them might be conuerted with the saluation of many soules Vpon a tyme he came to a certaine Pagod where were assembled almost two hundred Brachmans who had vnderstood of his comming thither Hauing saluted one another and many wordes passed to and fro Francis demaunded of them in ful assembly what their Gods commaunded those to do who were to come into heauen to them After long strife amongst them who should giue the answere it fell at last by common consent to the lot of an ancient man of 80. yeares of age the eldest amongst them who craftily shifting off the Question asked Xauerius agayne what the Christians God commaunded them to do But he perceyuing the old mans euasion tould him he would not speake a word of any Christian affayres vntill he had answered his question as good reason he should Then the old man being driuen to it by necessity with open manifestation of his ignorance sayd That their Gods commaunded them two things The one was that they should not kill any Cow because with kine the Gods were worshipped The other was that they should bestow liberall guifts vpon the Bâ—achmans the chiefe Priests Ministers of the sayd Gods Then Xauerius moued at the ignorance and impudency both of the man and the thing presently rose vp and intreated them that they would also now heare him And with a lowd voice reciting the Creed and the ten Commandements he briefly explicateth the same in their country language and then he declareth the ioyes of the blessed in heauen and the torments of the damned in hell and finally who they were that should go to the one and other place As soone as they heard this on a suddain they all rose vp and euery one imbracing him wonderfully extolled the Christian Religion containing such agreable mysteryes and precepts as those were such is the force of truth euen with peruerse minds if light from heauen shine vpon them Then they asked him many other things very ridiculous and such as we who by Gods goodnes vnderstaÌ„d the Truth do abhorre to heare to wit whether the Soule of man dyeth togeather with the body as other liuing creatures do What should be the cause why we seeme in our sleepe to be with our friends although they be far of Is it not because our soule the body being asleep leaueth its mansion and flyeth abroad Whether God be white or black for they themselues being blackish by nature out of the esteeme they beare to their owne colour thinke that God is black and do oftentimes besmeare their Idols with oile in such manner that they be not only black but euen vgly also and horrible to behould in so much that you would thinke you saw the Diuels themselues and not their images Xauerius when these questions were asked him knowing well how to accommodate his speech to his Auditours answered not so learnedly as sutably to their capacities so that not one of all the company durst open his month to contradict him But when he pressed them to imbrace the Christian Religion which they saw so manifestly proued vnto them they answered that indeed they were afraid of what the people would say and that they should want meanes to liue if they should change their course of life And so these wretches making more account of what the people would say then of their owne saluation contemned the light which began to shine vpon them remained obstinate in their darknes Now although as we sayd the Brachmans carry away the bell for wisedome among the Indians yet there was only one found among them all worthy of that name a Schoole-man of a famous Academy of India who out of the familiarity which he had with Xauerius declared to him certain mysteries of that Academy which held that there was one God maker of the world who raigning in heaueÌ„ ought to be worshiped of mortal meÌ„ that euery eight day which we cal Sunday ought to be kept holy that a time would come when all should professe one Religion Moreouer he desired to know the mysteryes of the Christian fayth which at length Francis declared vnto him and withall spake these wholsome words of our Sauiour Qui crediderit baptizatus fuerit saluus erit He that belieueth is baptized shal be saued The Brachman noted downe in a litle booke these words with their explication and intreated Xauerius to baptize him vpon certayne conditions But Xauerius reiecting his conditions being neyther iust nor honest thought it good to differre his request for a tyme so dismissed him bidding him to publish that mystery of one God to the people hoping that he would indeed become a perfect Christian be occasion of no small aduancement to the Christian cause But yet there was another yong Brachman who gaue not only greater hopes but also proued better indeed He being of an excellent wit behauiour was instructed and baptized by Francis by his appointement vndertooke to teach children their Catechisme Christ thus choosing to himselfe maysters of his doctrine out of the Diuels schoole At this time now God would shew manifestly how pleasing Xauerius labours were vnto him He weÌ„t vpon some occasions to an Ethincke noble-man who being a barbarous vnciuil fellow contemning the vertuous and holy man shut him out of his house in a rude disgracefull manner scoffing at him said Serue me in the same sort if euer I come to the Christians Church This iniury offred to Francis being published abroad by those who were present no body had lesse feeling of it then he to whome it was done It seemed doubtlesse both to the Portugheses and the Neophites an vnworthy fact as deseruing indeed to be reuenged by God himselfe Therfore he who taketh vengeance vpon iniuries done vnto his seruants sent spedily a due punishmeÌ„t vpon that contumelious man A few dayes after the same Noble man being vnarmed chanced to meet with his armed enemies not far from the Christians Church wherefore being not able to resist he thought to defend himself by running away Now as he fled they followed him close with their deadly weapons were euen come to the Christians Church wherin that wretch not thinking theÌ„ of the contumelious words which formerly he had vtteed
euery weeke to wit vpon Sunday and Friday he preached to the people at Malaca and his ordinary custome was at the end of his Sermon to intreate his audience to say with him one Pater and Aue for the good successe of the Portughese fleete agaynst the Barbarians The people at first did willingly as he requested them for the space of 15. or 20. dayes as long as there was hope of the victory But when all that tyme there came no newes of the fleete many of the Cittizens suspecting that their men were ouerthrowne gaue ouer and left of that pious practice This sollicitude of the Malacensians was increased by a rumour which the Saracens their neighbours had diuulged abroad without any ground that the Portugheses were ouerthrowne in battayle and put all to the sword by the Acenians That which was knowne to be true made this false rumour to seeme credible For it was certayne that the enemyes were stout warlike men and their forces farre beyond the Portugheses The whole Citty therfore began to be very heauy and afflicted The matrones with aboundance of teares bewayled the death of their husbands their children and kinsfolkes withall their owne desolate and forelorne state The Gouernour himselfe of the Citty because he was esteemed to be Authour of this misfortune durst not come abroad or appeare in sight of the people In this meane time Francis according to his custome preaching to the people indeauored to take froÌ„ them â—hat vayne feare griefe Sometymes he inueigâ—ed against certaine men who had gone about by witchcraft and sorcery to know what was become of the Fleete earnestly reprehending their superstition At other times he sharpely rebuked the CittizeÌ„s for their â—orgetfulnes of Gods prouidence and the ouermuch â—olicitude for themselues Then againe he raysed theÌ„â—p to hope Finally he most earnestly intreated them â—ll to continue their prayers vnto God for the obteiâ—ing of the victory although he knew full well that thereby he incurred the â—ll will of many who muttered that the prayers which he required of them ought rather to be said for the soules of those that were dead slaine then for the victory of the liuing But within a little after Francis his prophecy came to be of credit The day was now at hand which was to be made famous by that memorable victory Franâ—is theâ—efore vpon the very same day which then hapned to be Sunday made a sermon in the Church to the people and it was at the same houre when the Portughese fleete was preparing for the fight Being therefore to conclude his Sermon vpon the suddaine he turnes both himselfe his speach vnto the Crucifix by diuine instinct with great motion of body breaking forth into a prophesy he began by circuÌ„locutions to describe in words the first encounter of the two Nauies to the admiration and astonishment of his auditours Then with an inflamed looke countenance and aboundance of teares gushing out at his eyes he cryed out aloud O Iesu God of my hart I humbly I beseâ—ch thee by the last torments of thy life that thou wouldest not leaue them whome thou hast redeemed with thy pretious bloud Hauing vttered these and other such like words which feare and confidence then suggested vnto him and growing weake faint with the violent agitation of his body he leaned a while with his head vpon the Pulpit Then by and by as if he had awaked out of some extasy lifting vp his head he cryes out on a suddayne with a cheerfull ioyfull countenance thus O yee Malacensians cast off all sadnes reioyce for now at last our fleet hath ouerthrowne the enemy in battayle without any bloudshed on our part hauing lost but three men only so litle hath so noble a victory cost vs. And in a most triumphant maÌ„ner will they presently returne home loaden with spoyles and pillage of the enemy together with many shippes which they haue taken from them forthwith he appointed a certayne day wil they be safe with vs. Come on therfore and in thankesgiuing to God the Author of the victory let vs say togeather once Pater and Auâ— for the same and repeate it agayne for those few of ours that be slayne in the battayle Vpon this prediction of Francis whole audience recited the prayers which he had requested and in signe of approbation what he sayd became ioyfull seeing the great cheerfulnesse of the worthy mans countenance who had thus raysed them out of so heauy a sadnes Hauing thus cheered vp the men with this hope the same day in like maÌ„ner he made a consolatory sermoÌ„ in another Church to the women a part fortould the very day when certaine tydings should be brought of the victory and safety of their husbands and friends The euent wherof hapned in euery thing as he had spoken For within two or three dayes after there came a messenger with the newes of the victory And presently after the messenger followed the Conquerours themselues with an exceeding great booty and no small number of shippes which they had taken from the Enemy Infinite therefore was the ioy which on a suddaine surprized the Malacâ—nsiaÌ„s when so farre beyond all expectation they saw eight shippes to bring home 25. captiue As soone therfore as this victorious Nauy was arriued the whole Citty their late great feare being now turned into excessiue ioy went out to see and coÌ„gratulate the same And Francis himselfe to whome a great part of that noble victory and triumph was due goeth amongst the first and as soone as the Generall was landed he imbraceth him and the other principall Captaines of the Nauy congratulating theÌ„ for their fortunate successe Then in the heat of this generall ioy and congratulation when they inquired more exactly after the time of the victory they found that not only the very day but the battayle also did iumpe aright with that which Francis had foretould Which was so much the more to be admired because the place where the battaile was fought was distant from Malaca aboue 200. miles From that time Francis was highly esteemed throughout all Malaca no lesse for the guift of prophecy then for sanctity of life The fame whereof hauing spread it selfe throughout the East moued some to câ—me from the furthest parts of the world to see him CHAP. XII A Iaponian is by conference vvith Xauerius conuerted to the faith of Christ AFTER he had spent foure monethes or thereabout in helping the Citty of Malâ—ca hauing now gotten commodity of shipping being ready to returne into India there came from Iapâ—nia vnto Malaca a certayne Iaponian called Anger a man of good account in his owne Country and of a singular wit The cause of his comming was to seeke a remedy for cure of the wounds of his soule caused by the intemperate heat of his youthfull bloud For hauing committed a heynous murder in Iaponia being narrowly sought for to
vtter Court thereof 600. Souldiars of the Guard all well appointed and by and by â—n a large Gallery he meeteth with many more of the Kings Attendance Heere those fiue Portughese yongmen whereof we spake before bowing downe â—heir knees offered to Xauerius with great reuerence that which euery one carryed wherat the Iaponiâ—ns were so stroke with admiration that presently they muttered out these and the like words Let the Bonzies now be gone with a mischiefe and neuer heerafter haue the face to appeare in the sight of men idle companions as they were For certainly this man is not such a one as they haue described vnto vs and the King but rather indeed one as we may thinke sent hither by God himselfe to curbe the slaunders of malicious tongues From this Gallery there opened a fayre spatious Hall ful of Noblemen where a Child of seauen yeares of age but of a rare wit as might easily be perceaued being led by a Venerable old man meeteth with Xauerius and saluteth him according to the Country fashion telling him that his fortunate arriuall at the Court would be as deare and pleasing to the King as a seasonable showre of rayne is to a thirsty field of corne in the summer tyme. Wherefore he willed him to enter with ioy to know that he was as welcome to the good as odious to the bad To whome when Francis had courteously saluted and kindly returned answere O Father quoth the Child agayne happy are you who are come out of another world into forrayne countryes desiring to carry hence no other merchandize but the ignominy of Pouerty O infinite goodnes of the God whome you serue O hidden wisedome of his who is comforted with the Want Pouerty of his Priests Behould our Bonzies do so abhorre the disgrace of Pouerty that conspiring all together they auouch openly that the way to heauen is stopped and rampierd vp agaynst poore people Heere Francis replyed that he was in good hope that God the most mercifull Lord of Heauen and Earth would at last driue away the cloude of errous which â—ad blinded the Bonzies vnderstandings and bestow vpon them the light of truth and that they would alâ—o when they saw that heauenly splendour once arise forsake their peruerse and ignorant opinions Then the Child discoursing a while vpon very weighty matters far beyond his age brought Francisâ—nd â—nd the Portugheses into a further Hall where the Noblemens sonnes sate all together Who as soone as â—hey saw Xauerius enter rose vp presently euery one â—nd bowing their heades thrice downe to the ground â—ccording to the Country fashion make reuerence â—nto him Then two of them made a speach in the â—ame of all the rest which I will heere set downe in â—riefe wherby it may appeare what kind of eloquence â—he Iaponians are delighted in Thus therefore they â—re sayd to haue spoken Your happy comming Saâ—red Priest will be as gratefull to the King as the smile of the sweetest infant is to the mother when she giueth it the pappe to suck And what woÌ„der seeing â—hat the very walles which heere you behold reioyâ—cing as it were at your presence command vs to celebrate your comming with great loue and affection this for the honour and glory of that God of whome as the report goeth you haue declared certayne strange things at Amangucium After this they passed into another spacious Gallery leading into an inward Hall where Ficharondono the Kings Brother remayned with the chiefe of the Nobility As soone as he saw Francis he recâ—iued him courteously with the rest after mutuâ—ll 〈…〉 betweene ech other he tould him that the Court neuer saw a more ioyfull day and with good reason since the King accounted himself more happy by the arriual of so worthy a maÌ„ then if he were Lord of the 33. Treasuries of China for so many there are sayd to be At last Xauerius being brought by Ficharondono into the inmost Hall which for richenesse of furniture surpassed all the rest he there findeth the King himselfe who expected his comming The fame of his worthy actes had long before this caused in the King a great admiratioÌ„ but now vpon his meeting he conceyued a much greater esteeme of him so farre did Francis his presence surpasse the imagination how great soeuer it were which the King had conceyued of him in his owne vnderstanding For his maiesticall and venerable aspect which Nature and Age had now bestowed vpon him was also much graced by the splendour of his sanctity which euen dazeled the eyes almost of all that beheld it The King therefore seeing Xauerius came on a litle towards him and receyued him both in a respectfull and courteous manner And when Francis according to the custome was kneeling down he presently forbad him by lifting him vp by the hand And forthwith making himselfe reuerence vnto Xauerius by thrice inclining of his head as the couÌ„try fashion was caused him to sit downe on the same seate by him After these salutations gratulations past on both sides the King looking vpon Ficharondono his brother and the other Noblemen began with a lowd voyce that all might heare to speake in this manner O that â—â—ere lawfull for vs to demaund of God the maker â—â—d Lord of Heauen and earth his secret iudgments â—â—d to aske what the cause hath byn why he hath eyâ—â—er suffered vs to lye so long buried in such darknes â—else bestowed such light and wisedome vpon these â—â—en who come out of another world For we all maâ—festly see that whatsoeuer they say although it be â—aynst our Religion is confirmed which such solid â—asons that we are not able to contradict it if we â—ill follow the light of reason or vnlesse we be whoâ—â— voyd of all vnderstanding Contrariwise we see â—â—r Bonzies to keep a stammering when they are to â—â—plicate any difficultyes of our Religion and to be 〈◊〉 variable and inconstant as neuer to stand fast to â—hat they say in so much that if they be now of one â—â—ynd and opinion presently they wil be of another Wherby it sufficiently appeareth that their doctrine â—nd Religion is nothing els but a rabble of confusion â—nd vncertainties so that one cannot with any discretion hazard therein the euerlasting saluation of his â—oule At this speach of the Kings a certayne Bonzy nobly borne called Faciandono being by chance present and finding himselfe touched to the quicke rose vp answered the King very boldly and freely That the cause of Religion was not of that nature that it might be determined by him who was ignorant of the doctrine therein conteâ—ed Wherfore if he Maiesty had any doubt in his mind he had those present there who could easily resolue him And euen he himselfe would vndertake not only to ridde him of his scruple but also to make whatsoeuer he doubted of more cleare vnto him then the sunne that shines
Xauerius being ouercome by reasons inspired by the diuine goodnes yielded himselfe captiue to the truth Wherfore not thinking vpon any thing els then the truth which was offered him from Heauen he publikely in the midst of the market place before an infinite assembly of people falleth downe vpon his knees and lifting vp his hands and eyes to heauen with teares falling from his cheekes cryeth out with the lowdest voyce he could Behold O Iesu Christ eternall Sonne of Almighty God I yield and dedicate my selfe wholy vnto thee And what I haue conceyued in my hart I 〈◊〉 freely profâ—ssâ— with my mouth Do not thou I 〈◊〉 thee who of thyne own accord lâ—ast called me â—â—peâ—l me now when I come vnto thee Then with â—eeping eyes looking vpon the multitude who stood â—ound about him he added And yee O Cittizens I â—â—treate beseech you that you will both your selues â—ardon me and desire also others to do the like for my 〈◊〉 often setting to sale those things vnto you for true â—hich now I vnderstand to be false This Confession of that famous Bonzy wonderâ—ully moued the affections of that Country people â—as an example to many of imbracing the Christian Religion For it is well knowen that Xauerius himâ—elfe often affirmed to the Portug â—eseâ— with whome 〈◊〉 there liued that if he would he could haue baptiâ—ed more then 500. Iaponians one day But which â—as very rare in such feruour of spirit he was more prudent then forward in the making vp of the matâ—er and also very circumspect that nothing might 〈◊〉 done rashly or in passion which might giue aduanâ—age to the Bonzies fury beeing now ready to burst â—orth For that being mortall enemies to the Chriâ—tian cause they were long since incensed against Xauerius and his friends and had persuaded the people that seeing they would needs cast away themselâ—es they should damaund of Francis a great summe of â—mony in recompence for changing their Religion that they might not perish for nothing Which plot of the Bonzies had this drift that the vulgar sort taking notice of Xauerius pouerty might haue lesse esteeme of his sanctity so great a disgrace was pouerty amoÌ„gst the Iaponians Yet little or nothing did they preuaile by this calumniation against the knowne tryed truth but rather like water cast vpon hoat burning coales it made Xauerius zeale flame out with greater force vehemency Whereupon the enraged Bonzies being put to the plunge not knowing what to do left nothing vnattempted which might seeme for their purpose But wheÌ„ they perceaued their endeauours not to correspond to their desirs they resolued to try their very vttermost They had now oftentimes by entring into disputation with Francis byn so foyled euen driuen out of the field that they durst not open their mouth before him Therefore they falsly slaundred him behind his backe but in vayne For that the threats which they had denounced of the Heauens Wrath agaynst the people were now accounted idle Wherefore seeing their ancient authority to be worne out in the estimation of the Cittizens turning their passion into fury they began to waxe mad indeed And first they heaped vpon Xauerius all the reproaches and maledictions they could deuise calling him in scorne A foule stinking dogge the most beggarly fellow aliue and a deuoâ—rer of dead mens carkasses Then they cast forth threatning words against him and his company that they would make them repent it vnlesse they presently desisted from their enterprise At last their passion fury went so farre that they plotted to make a tumult in the market-place and therein vpon a suddain to kill both Francis and the Portugheses Yet were not these things kept so secret but that Xauerius and the â—ortugheses had notice thereof But he accounted it â—he greatest fauour which God had bestowed vpon â—im to be threatned by his enemies taking heed withâ—ll that he might not vnaduisedly prouoke those who â—ad no stay ouer their owne enraged passions As for â—e Portugheses they hauing the Kinges guard to seâ—re them contemned the vayne threats and plottes â—f such mad-brayne fellowes Wherupon the Bonziesâ—eing â—eing violence would not serue the turne they bent â—eir designes another way CHAP. XIII â—n a disputation before the King he ouercommeth the most learned of the Bonzies THERE was a certayne Bonzy called Ficarondono the only esteemed man for learning among them who carryed the bell away from al the rest For he had for thirty â—eares togeather taught their profoundest deepest â—ciences in the most famous Vniuersity of Iaponia He â—as at that time President of a Conuent of Bonziesâ—ome â—ome 40. miles distant The Bonzies therfore of Bungoâ—erswaded â—erswaded him without much difficulty to dispute with Francis thinking it would be a great honour if as to him it seemed easy he could in the presence of the King confute that strange Priest who as al knew â—ad already beaten downe the rest of the Bonzies He â—hasteth therfore with all speed to the Royall Citty with six or seauen other famous Doctours in his company It fell out very opportunely that at the same time Xauerius the Portugheses were gone to Court to take their leaue of the King being the next day to depart And whilst they were rendring his Maiesty thankes and requesting his passe-port for their iourney newes was suddainly brought vnto the King that Ficarondono was arriued with a coÌ„pany of choice Bonzies The King as might be noted by his countenance was not very ioyfull at this newes fearing least Xauerius the truth might be beaten downe by his great learning Xauerius therefore seeing the King troubled doubtful what to resolue vpon trusting in the goodnes of his Cause humbly intreated his Maiesty to let Ficarâ—dono that pillar of the Bonziâ—â— race be brought in knowing for certayne that although learning could do much yet Truth could do more Wherupon the King being at last content the Bonzy was admitted After he had made due reuerence according to the vsuall custome when the King demaunded the cause of his comming to Court he answered That he came to see a strange Priest who was sayd to be come out of another world and to know what manner of man he was and the newes he had brought thence This he thundred out with such boldnesse and arrogaÌ„cy that one might easily descry what a most proud and diuelish mayster he serued And presently fixing his eyes vpon Xauerius who courteously saluted him and making an end of his ceremonious complements whereof the Bonzies are very liberall with a â—ookeâ—â— â—â—n aboue the Bonzian strayne he demaundeth of 〈◊〉 if he knew him and when Xauerius told him No cause he had neuer seene him before he turned to 〈◊〉 companions and sayd I perceiue we shall haue 〈◊〉 great difficulty with this fellow who knowes not â—arondono by his lookes Fixing then his eye vpon â—ancis Dost thou quoth he remember what
Iland fit for a sick person except a few almonds which were sent vnto him by a Portughese Mayster of a ship and that also too late For he did now so much loath al kind of food that he could not take any thing at all In the meane time perceauing that his last day was neere at hand he caused all such things as he had brought with him vnto the cottage to be carryed backe agayne into the ship to the end they might noâ— be lost Hauing now passed two whole dayes without receauing any sustenance at all as his sicknesse morâ— and more increased so also did his patience vertue more and more shew it selfe He had now layne fifteene daies in that poore shelâ—â—er of Cottage exposed to the wind and weather and in the cold of winter not only destitute of all humane help and assistance but tormented also with the veâ—hemency of his burning and mortall feuer yet bare he all these discommodityes and the violence of his sicknesse also with such a quietnes of mynd and admirable patience as cannot be expressed He was neuer â—eard to speake so much as one word either by way of complaint for the payne of his infirmity or to aske â—ny thing of any that were about him as men are wont to do in tyme of great sicknesse Nay contraâ—â—wise all his speaches and gestures were such that 〈◊〉 sufficiently appeared he accounted his infirmity 〈◊〉 be a very great benefit bestowed vpon him from God as a subiect wherupon to exercise himself in solid â—ertue to deserue an euerlasting crowne of glory One thing only there was which did a litle grieue â—im to wit that he should dye a naturall and ordiâ—ary death in his bed and be depriued of the crowne â—f Martyrdome which he had so vehemently desired â—specially seeing that he was at that time as it were vâ—on the point to obtaine the same But being not ignoâ—nt that the Glory of Martyrdom was a free guift of God the which was oftentymes denyed to those who â—esired it giuen to others that thought least on it â—e conformed his will to the disposition of the diuine â—rouidence quietting his mind by thinking himselfe â—â—worthy of so great an honour Now the violence of his infirmity growing more 〈◊〉 more vehement fully declared the sanctity which was so deeply ingrafted in him For as we see most commonly in others when they are tormented with payne then their corrupt nature most of all manifesteth it selfe but in Francis contrarywise there appeared at this tyme a true and solid piety For that he vsed the selfe same actions almost when he lay euen a dying that he was wont to do wheÌ„ he was in health sometymes casting his eyes to heauen and speaking to Christ our Sauiour with a ioyfull cheerful countenance as though he had byn visibly present at other times reciting certaine Verses out of the Psalmes with great feeling of deuotion repeating very often these words the like Iesu Sonne of Dauid haue mercy on me And Thou O God take pitty on my sinnes Mary Mother of God remember me c. Wherein he spent two whole dayes The last houre of his lyfe was now come Wherfore holding a Crucifix in his hands and fixing hiâ— eyes stedfastly thereupon he fetcheth many a feeble sigh and often cryeth out O Iesu God of my hart perpetually mingling his prayers with his teares vntil both voice and lyfe did fayle him And thus combatting most valiantly both with his infirmity anâ— with death it selfe vntill the last gaspe vpon the second day of December being the Feast of S. Bibia the Virgin calling incessantly vpon the sweet Name of Iesus and Maria with all content and quietnes oâ— spirit he rested in our Lord and rendred vp his souâ— to heauen there to accompany those whome in hâ—â— life he alwayes bare in hart and at his death were nâ—uer absent from his mouth After he was departed there still appeared such â—heerfulnes sweetnes in his couÌ„tenance that the beâ—uty of his body was an euident demonstration of the â—eatitude of his soule He died about the 55. yeare of â—is age ten yeares after his arriuall in India in the â—eare of our Lord 1552. A man without all question â—dmirable both for true vertue incredible courage â—f mind and aboue all for the feruent desire he had â—o conuert Ethinckes to the Ghospell of Christ He â—euer refused any labour or danger whatsoeuer for Gods cause yea not contenting himself with the salâ—ation of all India other Nations bordering theron â—e comprehended the whole East within the bosome â—f that Charity which esteemed the whole world to â—tle for him to do good in Wherfore hauing planted â—he Ghospell of Christ and the Society also throughâ—ut the whole East almost at the very tyme when he â—as thinking how to get into the hauen of Cantona he â—anscended the waues of this mortality arriued at â—he hauen of eternal blisse there to set vpon the Chineâ—es by his forcible praiers in the sight of God And there â—s no doubt but that he who is now Blessed in heauen â—ath by his contiuual praiers vnto God opened a way â—nto China not only for the Society of IESVS but â—lso for the Portughese merchants and the Christian Religion For a litle after Francis his death there was generall leaue graunted to the Portugheses to resort â—nto the Port of Cantona and there to make their aâ—oad for traffique sake it being the generall opinion that Xauerius had by his prayers opened that way inâ—o China which was before so straitly barred vp on euery side And about 30. yeares after this agayne when as the Chineses kept not so narrow a watch vpon their coastes as before they were wont to do some Fathers of the Society of Iesus emulating therin Xauerius his vertue got entrance at last into China there by Gods fauourable assistance layd the foundations of Christian Religion CHAP. XII His body is buried in quicke Lime AS soone as it was knowen that Francis waâ— departed this lyfe for his feuer being morâ— dangerous then it seemed had deceyued aâ— men but himself the Portugeses that werâ— left in the IlaÌ„d being as it were strockeÌ„ dead with thâ— doleful newes came running presently to his Body aâ— if they had hastned to their Fathers funerall Al place about the cottage were filled with cryes lamentatâ—ons then followed a dismall silence with an earneâ— longing to see his body Which assoone as they beheâ—â— to be as it were the picture of his soule to represeâ— to them the eternal felicity which he inioyed they fâ— agayne vnto their former weeping since they couâ—â— neyther satisfy their harts nor eyes with so louiâ—â— and most amiable a spectacle Xauerius was of a well set and strong body tall 〈◊〉 stature though not much aboue the ordinary pitcâ— fayre of complexion and of a gracefull aspect Hâ— countenance was exceeding cheerfull and
of Conuersation accompanyed with extraordinary Grauity was of special force which two Vertues being different in shew were yet so combined togeather in him as neyther of them detracting from the others force he was both very graue and also incomparably sweet in his conuersation For as we sayd before there playnely appeared in Xauerius Countenance Gesture Speach and Conuersation a most incredible sweetnesse which being engrafted in him by nature and augmented by Grace could easily draw and conserue also the affection of any one He was wondrous cheerfull in his countenance tractable in his discourse and most sweet in his conuersation and behauiour His lookes were so gracious and pleasant that they gaue great comfort to the sick and ioy to all those that were in health And oftentymes many of the Society came to visit him for no other cause then that receiuing comfort from his heauenly aspect they might by the remembrance of his extraordinary alacrity and admirable feruour be the more enflamed towards the pursuite of a blessed life For so often as they could get but an essay of this his alacrity or euen but a breathing only of so couragious an hart they neuer came away sad or heauy from him Againe the singular sweetnesse of his countenance and speach drew vnto him as wel the bad as the good great and little and got such firme hold ouer the affections of their harts that he was able to drawe them which way he pleased so as he neuer demaunded any thing of any one how great or hard soeuer which he did not at last obteyne His ordinary discourse also he was wont to season with great dexterity and to intermingle with wonderfull variety that it might not cause any tediousnesse in the hearer He was very skilfull both in Astrology and Philosophy therfore alwayes when he trauailed by the way to relieue the wearisomnesse of the iorney he would oftentimes bring in discourse of the motions of the celestiall Globes the Planets Also the Eclipse of the Sunne and Moone he would foretell long before it hapned Againe he would declare the causes of those things which we behould to be admirable both in the heauens and the world what the cause or origen of Hayle Frost Snow and Rayne was whence clowdes mystes winds and thunder proceeded what that was which caused the swelling and raging of the seas Many other things also he would adde of the same kind which as they were very admirable so were they delightfull to the hearers and in the end of all he would referre them to the honour and feare of God Of these things therfore he discoursed so learnedly and pleasantly amongst the Iaponians who are wholy ignorant of such matters that they were wont vsually to say that in Xauerius company one might trauaile all Iaponia ouer without being once a weary and this delight of his discourse carryed his companinons along in such sort that he ordinarily wonne them both to himselfe and to God Yea this sweetnes of his Conuersation was tempered with so weighty a Grauity that in the height of his most pleasant discourses what he sayd or did breathed forth a most sweet odour of sanctity Wherof al men had now gotten such an opinion that although he conuersed often very familiarly euen with the most vitious yet the same was neuer any staine to his reputation since the constant fame of his sanctity defended him not only from euill tongues but also from the least suspicion of euill it self Moreouer Xauerius had this property that his familiarity did not any whit diminish but rather increase a most reuerend religious respect of all sorts of people towards him in so much as one would haue said that his sanctity like a pretious stone grew daily brighter and brighter by continuall vse and exercise Consaluus Fernandez a Maister of a shipp and a man of good account was very conuersant familiar with Xauerius in that he oftentymes went in his ship and lodged also in his house at Goa yet he bare such reuerence and respect vnto him that whensoeuer he came vnto his house he with his whole family would go out to meete him and casting themselues prostrate on the ground did alwayes receiue him in that manner And although Consaluus were oftentimes intreated by Francis not to vse that respect vnto him yet he would neuer refraine there from such possession had the Reuerence of his holy person taken of his hart Iames Perera also who was so great and familiar with Xauerius as no man more was wont to say that he could neuer stād before him with his head couered although Xauerius himselfe intreated the same protesting that whensoeuer he spake vnto him he vsed to be taken with such reuerend and religious a respect towards him that he seemed to behould God in his person Yet as occasion required Francis wanted not Seuerity also the sting of Grauity which we shall heere recount by an example or two A certayne deuout Matron of good esteeme was wont alwayes to to confesse to Francis when he was at hand This woman as herselfe afterward recounted to a Religious man Xauerius sharply reprehended because she had vpon occasion cast her eye vpon an handsome proper man and well attyred Hast thou quoth he looked vpon a mā Thou deseruest that God should not looke on thee Which words so stroke her chast and pious heart that she could neuer after throghout her whole life endure to looke any man in the face He was also aboue all other things a most seuere reuenger of obstinacy In the Promontory of Comorinum vnderstanding that a certaine Neophyte had blessed an Idoll he was so greatly moued with the indignity of such an abominatiō that he presently caused the house to bet on fire to the end the seuerity of the punishment might make others afrayd to commit the like offence And when as many persons of worth requested him to mitigate the penalty he only permitted that the dwellers might carry out their household stuffe but the house it selfe which was the receptacle of that sacrilegious Monster he would by all meanes haue consumed euen to the ground CHAP. XII His Prudence and the Precepts he gaue to the Rectour of the Colledge of Goa and to Gaspar the Lovv-countryman MOREOVER Prudence the Moderatresse of other Vertues shined not a little in Xauerius as wel in his dexterous gaining and conuerting of soules which euidently appeared throughout his whole lyfe as in his propagating also of Religion gouernment of those of the Society committed to his charge For he knowing well that nothing so much hindred the Christiā faith as the bad examples and vices of euill Christians he would not set vpon Ethnicks to instruct them in matters of fayth vntill he had reclaymed the ancient Christians from their vicious and sinnefull life And those Neophites also which he had broght vnto Christ with infinite labour and patience he first of all instructed them himselfe