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polydore_n that_o write_v in_o king_n henry_n the_o 8._o his_o time_n and_o other_o that_o have_v follow_v he_o since_o do_v take_v all_o right_n from_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n and_o give_v the_o same_o to_o the_o house_n of_o york_n 1386._o wherefore_o the_o best_a way_n i_o suppose_v will_v be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o consider_v what_o historiographer_n do_v say_v according_a to_o their_o affection_n or_o interest_n as_o what_o reason_n and_o profess_v be_v allege_v of_o every_o side_n for_o that_o by_o this_o we_o shall_v more_o easy_o come_v to_o judge_v where_o the_o right_a or_o wrong_n do_v lie_v first_o therefore_o the_o defendor_n of_o the_o house_n of_o york_n do_v allege_v that_o their_o title_n be_v plain_a and_o york_n evident_a for_o that_o as_o in_o the_o former_a chapter_n have_v be_v declare_v richard_n duke_n of_o york_n first_o pretender_n of_o this_o house_n who_o father_n be_v son_n to_o edmond_n langley_n duke_n of_o york_n four_o son_n of_o king_n edward_n 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pretence_n be_v make_v of_o this_o matter_n at_o what_o time_n richard_n duke_n of_o york_n begin_v to_o move_v trouble_n about_o it_o again_o thus_o say_v those_o of_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n but_o now_o these_o of_o york_n have_v a_o great_a argument_n for_o themselves_o as_o to_o they_o it_o seem_v which_o be_v that_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1385._o and_o 9_o year_n 1385_o of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o it_o be_v declare_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o polidor_n write_v that_o edmond_n mortimer_n who_o have_v marry_v philip_n daughter_n &_o heir_n of_o leonel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n and_o be_v grandfather_n to_o the_o last_o edmond_n by_o i_o name_v shall_v be_v heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o crown_n if_o the_o king_n shall_v chance_v to_o die_v without_o issue_n to_o which_o objection_n those_o of_o lancaster_n do_v answer_n first_o that_o polidor_n do_v err_v in_o the_o person_n when_o he_o say_v that_o edmond_n husband_n of_o lady_n philippe_n be_v declare_v for_o heir_n apparent_a for_o that_o his_o edmond_n mortimer_n that_o marry_a lady_n philippe_n die_v peacable_o in_o ireland_n three_o year_n before_o this_o parliament_n be_v hold_v to_o wit_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1382._o as_o both_o holling_n 1382._o head_n stow_n and_o other_o chroniclet_n do_v testify_v and_o therefore_o polidor_n do_v err_v not_o only_o in_o this_o place_n about_o this_o man_n but_o also_o in_o that_o in_o a_o other_o place_n he_o say_v that_o this_o edmond_n so_o declare_v heir_n apparent_a by_o king_n richard_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o irish_a in_o ireland_n 12._o year_n after_o this_o declaration_n make_v of_o the_o succession_n to_o wit_n 1394._o in_o the_o year_n 1394._o which_o be_v in_o deed_n not_o this_o man_n but_o his_o son_n roger_n mortimer_n heir_n to_o he_o and_o to_o the_o lady_n philip_n his_o wife_n who_o be_v declare_v heir_n apparent_a in_o the_o parliament_n afore_o say_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o king_n richard_n and_o that_o for_o especial_a hatred_n &_o malice_n as_o these_o man_n say_v uhich_v he_o do_v beat_v against_o his_o say_a uncle_n the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n and_o his_o son_n henry_n who_o he_o desire_v to_o exclude_v from_o the_o succession_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o hatred_n be_v say_v to_o be_v for_o that_o lancaster_n present_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o prince_n edward_n father_n to_o this_o richard_n which_o prince_n die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1376._o and_o but_o 10._o month_n before_o his_o father_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o their_o want_v not_o diverse_a learned_a and_o wise_a man_n in_o ingland_n that_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o john_n of_o gaunt_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n elder_a son_n than_o live_v of_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n shall_v have_v succeed_v his_o father_n jure_fw-la propinquitatis_fw-la before_o richard_n that_o be_v but_o nephew_n and_o one_o degree_n further_o of_o then_o he_o but_o the_o old_a king_n be_v so_o extreme_o affectionate_a unto_o his_o elder_a son_n the_o black_a prince_n edward_n new_o dead_a that_o he_o will_v not_o hear_v of_o any_o to_o succeed_v he_o as_o frosard_n say_v but_o only_a richard_n the_o say_v princess_n son_n wherefore_o he_o call_v present_o histo_fw-la a_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o last_o that_o ever_o he_o hold_v and_o therein_o cause_v his_o say_a nephew_n richard_n to_o be_v declare_v heir_n apparent_a and_o make_v his_o three_o son_n then_o live_v that_o be_v uncle_n to_o the_o youth_n to_o wit_n john_n of_o gaunt_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n and_o edmond_n langh_o duke_n afterward_o of_o york_n and_o thomas_n woodstock_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n to_o swear_v fealty_n unto_o richard_n as_o they_o do_v and_o albeit_o john_n of_o gaunt_n all_o his_o life_n
with_o the_o king_n of_o castile_n daughter_n and_o have_v by_o she_o a_o son_n call_v denyse_n who_o reign_v after_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n unto_o this_o day_n all_o which_o succession_n of_o king_n denyse_n &_o his_o posterity_n the_o say_a queen_n mother_n will_v have_v improve_v and_o show_v that_o it_o apperteyn_v to_o she_o by_o the_o say_v ralph_n &_o for_o this_o cause_n send_v she_o to_o portugal_n one_o lord_n vrban_n bishop_n of_o comince_n in_o gasgonie_n to_o plead_v her_o cause_n which_o cause_n of_o she_o be_v quick_o reject_v and_o only_o the_o foresaid_a five_o prince_n descend_v of_o king_n emanuels_n child_n be_v admit_v to_o trial_n for_o the_o same_o which_o portugal_n be_v don_n antonio_n son_n of_o lord_n lewis_n the_o king_n cardinal_n elder_a brother_n and_o king_n philip_n of_o spain_n son_n of_o lady_n elizabeth_n the_o elder_a sisteof_o to_o he_o say_v cardinal_n and_o philibert_n duke_n of_o savoy_n son_n of_o the_o lady_n beatrix_n the_o same_o 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castil_n which_o be_v as_o much_o almost_o as_o lord_n chancellor_n with_o us._n all_o these_o do_v lay_v forth_o before_o the_o king_n cardinal_n their_o several_a reason_n and_o pretension_n to_o the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o portugal_n for_o the_o five_o person_n before_o mention_v whereof_o two_o be_v quick_o exclude_v to_o wit_n the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n for_o that_o his_o mother_n be_v young_a sister_n to_o king_n phillip_n mother_n and_o himself_o also_o of_o less_o age_n than_o the_o say_a king_n and_o second_o don_n antonio_n be_v also_o exclude_v by_o public_a and_o judicial_a sentence_n of_o the_o king_n cardinal_n his_o uncle_n as_o illegitimate_a and_o bear_v out_o of_o lawful_a wedloke_n and_o albeit_o don_n antonio_n deny_v the_o same_o and_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v himself_o legitimat_fw-la affirm_v that_o his_o father_n the_o lord_n lewis_n before_o his_o death_n have_v marry_v with_o his_o mother_n in_o secret_a and_o for_o this_o bring_v forth_o some_o 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portugal_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o castilia_n and_o the_o second_o be_v troverfie_v name_v joanes_n antonius_n viperanus_n a_o sicilian_a as_o i_o take_v he_o who_o write_v one_o book_n only_o in_o latin_a de_fw-fr obtenta_fw-la portugallia_n à _fw-la rege_fw-la catholico_n philippo_n of_o portugal_n get_v by_o king_n philip_n the_o catholic_a both_o these_o book_n i_o say_v out_o of_o who_o principal_o i_o have_v take_v the_o point_n which_o here_o i_o will_v touch_v do_v several_o set_v down_o the_o cause_n follow_v why_o the_o king_n cardinal_n do_v reject_v the_o pretence_n of_o don_n antonio_n before_o all_o other_o illegitimate_a pretender_n and_o pronounce_v he_o a_o bastard_n first_o for_o that_o he_o have_v be_v ever_o so_o take_v all_o the_o time_n of_o his_o father_n life_n and_o no_o man_n ever_o dowt_v thereof_o or_o call_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n until_o now_o that_o himself_o deny_v the_o same_o 2._o second_o for_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o julius_n tertius_n the_o pope_n when_o certain_a decres_fw-la come_v out_o from_o rome_n against_o the_o promotion_n of_o bastard_n the_o same_o don_n antonio_n sue_v to_o the_o say_a pope_n to_o be_v dispense_v with_o all_o in_o that_o case_n which_o argue_v that_o then_o he_o know_v himself_o not_o legitimate_a 3._o three_o that_o his_o father_n the_o lord_n lewis_n have_v often_o time_n both_o by_o word_n and_o writing_n testify_v the_o same_o that_o this_o antonye_n be_v his_o bastard_n and_o have_v signify_v also_o so_o much_o in_o his_o last_o will_v &_o testament_n 4._o four_o the_o say_a cardinal_n as_o of_o himself_o also_o affirm_v that_o if_o his_o brother_n the_o lord_n lewis_n have_v ever_o do_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o to_o marry_v this_o woman_n who_o be_v but_o base_a in_o birth_n and_o of_o the_o jewish_a race_n as_o these_o story_n do_v affirm_v that_o it_o be_v like_a that_o he_o will_v have_v make_v some_o of_o his_o own_o friend_n &_o kindred_n acquaint_v therewith_o as_o a_o matter_n so_o much_o important_a for_o they_o to_o know_v but_o he_o never_o do_v though_o the_o say_a cardinal_n avow_a that_o himself_o be_v present_a with_o he_o at_o his_o death_n 5._o five_o he_o say_v that_o if_o don_n antonio_n have_v be_v legitimate_a how_o happen_v that_o he_o do_v not_o pretend_v the_o succession_n before_o the_o cardinal_n himself_o next_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n sebastian_n see_v that_o he_o be_v to_o have_v go_v before_o the_o say_a cardinal_n by_o as_o good_a right_n as_o his_o other_o nephew_n sebastian_n do_v if_o he_o have_v be_v legitimate_a for_o that_o he_o be_v son_n also_o to_o the_o cardinals_n elder_a brother_n as_o have_v be_v say_v 6._o six_o &_o last_o the_o say_a king_n cardinal_n avowch_v against_o don_n antonio_n partly_o the_o disagree_v and_o partly_o the_o open_a confess_v of_o the_o witness_n that_o they_o be_v suborn_v by_o he_o upon_o all_o which_o cause_n and_o consideration_n he_o proceed_v to_o the_o judicial_a 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whereof_o the_o first_o he_o have_v in_o that_o he_o be_v a_o man_n and_o the_o other_o in_o that_o he_o be_v a_o prince_n for_o this_o cause_n then_o all_o common_a wealth_n have_v law_n prescribe_v law_n unto_o their_o prince_n to_o govern_v thereby_o as_o by_o a_o most_o excellent_a certain_a &_o immutable_a rule_n to_o which_o sense_n cicero_n say_v leges_fw-la sunt_fw-la inventae_fw-la ut_fw-la omnibus_fw-la semper_fw-la una_fw-la &_o 〈◊〉_d offic_n voce_fw-la loquerentur_fw-la law_n be_v invent_v to_o the_o end_n they_o shall_v speak_v in_o one_o and_o the_o 〈◊〉_d same_o sense_n to_o all_o man_n for_o which_o very_a reason_n in_o like_a manner_n thes_n law_n have_v be_v call_v by_o philosopher_n a_o rule_n or_o square_v inflexible_a and_o by_o aristotle_n in_o particular_a a_o mind_n without_o passion_n as_o have_v be_v say_v but_o the_o prophet_n david_n who_o be_v also_o a_o prince_n &_o king_n seem_v to_o call_v it_o by_o the_o name_n of_o discipline_n for_o that_o as_o 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temper_v somewhat_o the_o absolute_a for_o i_o of_o a_o monarchy_n who_o danger_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o his_o sole_a authority_n to_o fall_v into_o tyranny_n as_o aristotle_n wise_o note_v in_o his_o four_o 10._o book_n of_o politics_n show_v the_o inconvenience_n or_o danger_n of_o this_o government_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o we_o have_v few_o or_o no_o simple_a monarchy_n now_o in_o the_o world_n especial_o among_o christian_n but_o all_o be_v mix_v lighte_o with_o diverse_a point_n of_o the_o other_o two_o form_n of_o government_n also_o and_o namely_o in_o ingland_n all_o three_o do_v enter_v more_o remper_v or_o less_o for_o in_o that_o there_o be_v one_o king_n or_o queen_n it_o be_v a_o monarchy_n in_o that_o it_o have_v certain_a council_n which_o must_v be_v hard_o it_o participate_v of_o aristocratia_fw-la and_o in_o that_o the_o commonalty_n have_v their_o voice_n and_o burgess_n in_o parliament_n it_o take_v part_n also_o of_o democratia_fw-la or_o popular_a government_n all_o which_o limitation_n of_o the_o prince_n absolute_a authority_n as_o you_o see_v do_v come_v for_o the_o common_a wealth_n as_o have_v authority_n above_o their_o prince_n for_o their_o restraint_n to_o the_o good_a of_o the_o realm_n as_o more_o at_o large_o shall_v be_v prove_v hereafter_o from_o like_a authority_n and_o for_o like_a consideration_n estate_n have_v come_v the_o limitation_n of_o other_o king_n and_o kingly_a power_n in_o all_o time_n and_o country_n from_o the_o beginning_n both_o touch_v themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n and_o successor_n as_o brief_o in_o this_o place_n i_o shall_v declare_v and_o first_o of_o all_o if_o we_o will_v consider_v the_o two_o most_o renown_a and_o allow_v state_n of_o all_o the_o world_n i_o mean_v of_o the_o roman_n and_o grecian_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o both_o of_o they_o begin_v with_o king_n but_o yet_o with_o far_o different_a law_n and_o restraint_n about_o their_o authoritye_n for_o in_o rome_n the_o king_n that_o succeed_v romulus_n their_o first_o king_n founder_n have_v as_o great_a and_o absolute_a authority_n as_o we_o have_v now_o a_o day_n but_o yet_o their_o child_n or_o next_o in_o blood_n succeed_v they_o not_o of_o necessity_n but_o new_a king_n be_v choose_v partly_o by_o the_o senate_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o people_n as_o titus_n livius_n 1._o testify_v so_o as_o of_o three_o most_o excellent_a king_n that_o ensew_v immediate_o after_o romulus_n to_o wit_n numa_n pompilius_n tullius_n hostilsus_fw-la &_o tarqninus_fw-la priscus_n none_o of_o they_o be_v of_o the_o blood_n royal_a nor_o of_o kin_n the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o no_o nor_o yet_o roman_n bear_v but_o choose_v rather_o from_o among_o strainger_n for_o their_o virtue_n and_o valour_n and_o that_o by_o election_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n in_o greece_n and_o namely_o among_o the_o lacedæmonians_n king_n which_o be_v the_o most_o emynent_a kingdom_n among_o other_o at_o that_o time_n the_o succession_n of_o child_n after_o their_o father_n be_v more_o certain_a but_o yet_o as_o aristotle_n note_v their_o authority_n &_o lycurg_n power_n be_v so_o restrain_v by_o certain_a officer_n of_o the_o people_n name_v ephori_fw-la which_o common_o be_v five_o in_o number_n as_o they_o be_v not_o only_o check_v and_o chastine_v by_o they_o if_o occasion_n serve_v but_o also_o deprive_v and_o some_o time_n put_v to_o death_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o say_a philosopher_n do_v just_o mislike_v this_o emynent_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o ephori_fw-la over_o their_o king_n but_o yet_o hereby_o we_o see_v what_o authority_n the_o common_a wealth_n have_v in_o this_o case_n and_o what_o their_o meaning_n be_v in_o make_v law_n and_o restrain_v their_o king_n power_n to_o wit_n thereby_o the_o more_o to_o bind_v they_o to_o do_v justice_n which_o cicero_n in_o his_o office_n utter_v in_o tbe_n word_n justitiae_fw-la fruendae_fw-la causae_fw-la apud_fw-la maiores_fw-la 〈◊〉_d &_o i_o shall_z asia_n &_o in_o europe_n bene_fw-la morati_fw-la regesolint_fw-la 〈◊〉_d sunt_fw-la constituti_fw-la etc._n etc._n at_o cum_fw-la ius_fw-la aequabile_fw-la ab_fw-la uno_fw-la viro_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d non_fw-la consequerentur_fw-la inventae_fw-la sunt_fw-la leges_fw-la good_a king_n be_v appoint_v in_o old_a time_n among_o our_o ancestor_n in_o asia_n and_o europe_n to_o the_o end_n thereby_o to_o obtain_v justice_n but_o when_o man_n can_v not_o ob_n teyne_v equal_a justice_n at_o one_o man_n hand_n they_o invent_v law_n the_o same_o reason_n yield_v the_o same_o philosopher_n in_o another_o place_n not_o only_o of_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o kingdom_n but_o also_o of_o the_o change_n thereof_o again_o into_o other_o goverment_n when_o thes_n be_v abuse_v omnes_fw-la antiquae_fw-la gentes_fw-la regibus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d paruerunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v all_o old_a nation_n do_v live_v under_o kingdom_n at_o the_o beginning_n which_o king_n of_o government_n first_o they_o give_v unto_o the_o most_o just_a and_o wise_a man_n which_o they_o can_v find_v and_o also_o after_o for_o love_n of_o they_o they_o give_v the_o same_o to_o their_o posterity_n ot_fw-mi next_z in_o kin_n as_o now_o also_o it_o remain_v where_o kingly_a government_n be_v in_o use_n but_o other_o country_n which_o like_v not_o that_o form_n of_o government_n and_o have_v shake_v of_o have_v do_v it_o not_o that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v under_o any_o but_o for_o that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v ever_o under_o one_o only_a thus_o far_o cicero_n and_o he_o speak_v this_o principal_o in_o deferice_n of_o hisowne_a cornmon_a wealth_n 〈◊〉_d i_o mean_v the_o roman_a which_o have_v cast_v of_o that_o kind_n of_o government_n as_o before_o have_v be_v say_v for_o the_o offence_n they_o have_v take_v against_o cessayne_a king_n of_o they_o and_o first_o of_o all_o against_o 〈◊〉_d himself_o their_o first_o founder_n for_o 〈◊〉_d