for_o merchant_n credit_n and_o reputation_n for_o that_o merchant_n which_o in_o the_o storm_n of_o adversity_n show_v to_o be_v a_o good_a pilot_n deserve_v great_a commendation_n of_o the_o care_n and_o endeavour_n which_o he_o use_v to_o prevent_v the_o shipwreck_n of_o his_o reputation_n and_o credit_n especial_o with_o a_o good_a conscience_n which_o will_v be_v unto_o he_o a_o continual_a feast_n although_o the_o sea_n be_v turbulent_a for_o he_o be_v arm_v with_o patience_n and_o not_o destitute_a of_o comfort_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a those_o that_o like_a coward_n become_v careless_a of_o their_o credit_n or_o be_v of_o a_o evil_a disposition_n seek_v to_o defraud_v their_o creditor_n and_o to_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o their_o break_n pay_v little_a or_o nothing_o they_o do_v not_o only_o deserve_v a_o name_n of_o defamation_n but_o aught_o to_o be_v meet_v withal_o by_o some_o severe_a punishment_n by_o the_o law_n bankrupt_n severepunishment_n of_o bankrupt_n it_o 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upon_o certificate_n make_v by_o any_o that_o be_v ambassador_n and_o agent_n for_o their_o country_n who_o common_o will_v do_v it_o upon_o the_o verification_n of_o it_o by_o the_o herald_n or_o otherwise_o which_o cause_v man_n not_o to_o degenerate_v in_o virtuous_a action_n although_o adverse_a fortune_n play_v her_o tragedy_n which_o they_o overcome_v with_o constancy_n and_o magnanimity_n the_o say_a statute_n against_o bankerupt_v be_v make_v upon_o very_o great_a consideration_n which_o lie_v not_o against_o a_o gentleman_n so_o that_o to_o call_v a_o decay_a gentleman_n a_o bankrupt_a although_o he_o have_v have_v deal_v in_o the_o world_n bear_v no_o action_n at_o the_o common_a law_n unless_o he_o be_v a_o merchant_n or_o shopkeeper_n etc._n etc._n bankerupt_v commissioner_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o bankerupt_v the_o commissioner_n appoint_v by_o the_o lord_n chanceller_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o execute_v this_o commission_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o bankrupt_a 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see_v cause_n so_o that_o the_o say_a distribution_n shall_v be_v do_v to_o those_o only_o which_o have_v be_v admit_v within_o the_o say_a time_n according_a to_o their_o several_a principal_a sum_n due_a unto_o they_o without_o any_o interest_n for_o the_o forbearance_n since_o the_o speciality_n be_v due_a or_o any_o forfeiture_n howbeit_o charge_n in_o law_n expend_v for_o the_o debt_n shall_v be_v by_o they_o allow_v according_a to_o their_o discretion_n so_o likewise_o be_v it_o in_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o commissioner_n to_o admit_v any_o creditor_n to_o come_v in_o where_o the_o party_n be_v surety_n for_o another_o if_o that_o party_n be_v likewise_o decay_v for_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o interest_n money_n that_o two_o or_o three_o be_v bind_v together_o and_o the_o collateral_a bond_n which_o they_o give_v each_o to_o other_o to_o save_v harmless_a be_v to_o be_v consider_v both_o by_o the_o say_a commissioner_n and_o the_o creditor_n it_o be_v
trial_n in_o law_n it_o be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v a_o sufficient_a discharge_n for_o they_o all_o in_o nature_n of_o a_o general_a acquittance_n these_o observation_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o such_o like_a book_n case_n as_o i_o have_v put_v down_o i_o hold_v to_o be_v necessary_a for_o merchant_n to_o know_v albeit_o we_o handle_v the_o law-merchant_n in_o this_o treatise_n and_o not_o matter_n of_o the_o common_a law_n if_o you_o take_v beyond_o the_o sea_n any_o bill_n obligatorie_n for_o money_n deliver_v upon_o two_o or_o three_o life_n or_o for_o wager_n or_o lay_n which_o be_v conditional_a life_n bill_n obligatory_a upon_o two_o or_o three_o life_n let_v the_o party_n be_v put_v to_o prove_v if_o upon_o proof_n of_o life_n make_v the_o bill_n payable_a at_o a_o day_n certain_a unless_o one_o of_o the_o party_n be_v dead_a whereby_o the_o party_n be_v bind_v to_o pay_v or_o else_o to_o prove_v the_o decease_n of_o the_o one_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o you_o make_v the_o 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many_o thousand_o pound_n in_o that_o place_n or_o thereabouts_o that_o he_o will_v either_o procure_v he_o the_o same_o or_o pass_v his_o promise_n bill_n or_o bond_n for_o it_o and_o he_o will_v provide_v he_o the_o money_n or_o pay_v he_o by_o exchange_n or_o give_v he_o such_o satisfaction_n as_o he_o shall_v require_v the_o party_n to_o who_o this_o letter_n be_v direct_v will_n according_o do_v his_o endeavour_n and_o perform_v the_o request_n of_o the_o other_o and_o keep_v the_o letter_n for_o his_o assurance_n or_o security_n and_o what_o he_o do_v thereupon_o undertake_v be_v make_v apparent_a by_o such_o write_n or_o evidence_n as_o he_o take_v of_o the_o say_a bearer_n of_o the_o letter_n that_o thereupon_o he_o may_v be_v well_o deal_v withal_o according_o but_o if_o it_o shall_v fall_v out_o that_o for_o some_o know_a cause_n to_o this_o party_n he_o do_v not_o accomplish_v his_o request_n contain_v in_o the_o say_a letter_n of_o credit_n then_o the_o bearer_n of_o the_o same_o keep_v the_o say_a letter_n and_o return_v they_o unto_o the_o giver_n without_o any_o other_o proceed_v credit_n protest_v for_o the_o non-performance_n of_o letter_n of_o credit_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o case_n where_o this_o party_n be_v a_o debtor_n to_o he_o that_o give_v the_o letter_n of_o credit_n and_o then_o he_o must_v take_v witness_n of_o it_o and_o with_o a_o scrivener_n or_o notary_n make_v a_o protest_v against_o he_o protest_v to_o recover_v of_o he_o by_o all_o lawful_a and_o convenient_a mean_n all_o the_o damage_n charge_n and_o interest_n which_o he_o or_o any_o other_o shall_v sustain_v thereby_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o nonperformance_n of_o the_o say_a letter_n of_o credit_n and_o that_o in_o time_n and_o place_n as_o occasion_n shall_v serve_v which_o protest_v be_v a_o sufficient_a means_n among_o merchant_n and_o before_o any_o judge_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n to_o recover_v the_o same_o upon_o proof_n at_o all_o time_n according_o but_o if_o the_o party_n to_o who_o these_o letter_n of_o credit_n be_v direct_v do_v make_v a_o reasonable_a answer_n for_o his_o excuse_n and_o require_v the_o scrivener_n to_o put_v down_o the_o same_o in_o the_o act_n or_o instrument_n of_o the_o say_v protest_v then_o be_v the_o cause_n consider_v withal_o and_o the_o loss_n and_o damage_n may_v fall_v upon_o another_o for_o if_o the_o giver_n of_o the_o say_a letter_n of_o credit_n be_v a_o debtor_n to_o the_o other_o that_o do_v receive_v they_o to_o be_v pay_v by_o they_o either_o by_o commodity_n to_o be_v buy_v or_o money_n to_o be_v take_v up_o as_o aforesaid_a then_o the_o say_v protest_v may_v serve_v the_o receiver_n of_o the_o say_a letter_n of_o credit_n to_o recover_v his_o damage_n of_o he_o that_o give_v he_o the_o same_o wherein_o the_o magistrate_n will_v have_v a_o great_a consideration_n as_o a_o matter_n whereby_o the_o commerce_n be_v interrupt_v which_o be_v the_o cause_n also_o that_o man_n must_v be_v advise_v on_o the_o other_o side_n not_o to_o be_v too_o rash_a to_o affirm_v the_o goodness_n or_o sufficiency_n of_o another_o man_n estate_n credit_n or_o reputation_n whereby_o a_o three_o man_n become_v a_o loser_n loss_n be_v the_o great_a hinderer_n of_o traffic_n and_o trade_n the_o civilians_n therefore_o have_v a_o title_n in_o their_o law_n which_o be_v strict_o observe_v as_o you_o shall_v understand_v hereafter_o the_o sign_v of_o blank_n be_v also_o a_o custom_n among_o merchant_n whereby_o they_o strengthen_v the_o credit_n of_o their_o factor_n or_o servant_n in_o the_o like_a occasion_n which_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a confidence_n merchant_n great_a confidence_n among_o merchant_n consider_v the_o easy_a transfer_v of_o bâ—lles_n already_o speak_v of_o for_o a_o merchant_n set_v his_o name_n to_o a_o blank_a paper_n his_o factor_n or_o servant_n have_v a_o ability_n to_o wrong_v his_o master_n many_o way_n therefore_o such_o as_o be_v provident_a do_v restrain_v that_o power_n by_o certain_a covenant_n or_o declaration_n and_o yet_o the_o same_o be_v know_v unto_o the_o party_n that_o do_v make_v use_n of_o the_o say_a blank_n may_v become_v scrupelous_a thereupon_o to_o be_v well_o deal_v withal_o howsoever_o we_o see_v what_o honest_a and_o plain_a deal_n be_v use_v among_o merchant_n and_o what_o adventure_n they_o bear_v to_o compass_v their_o business_n a_o merchant_n of_o antuerp_n will_v send_v his_o servant_n at_o amsterdam_n to_o buy_v he_o 500_o last_v of_o corn_n upon_o advice_n he_o have_v that_o corn_n be_v spoil_v or_o the_o harvest_n fail_v in_o spain_n portugal_n and_o other_o place_n and_o because_o he_o be_v uncertain_a what_o his_o servant_n can_v effect_v doubt_v that_o other_o man_n may_v have_v the_o like_a advice_n and_o prevent_v he_o he_o deliver_v blank_a paper_n by_o he_o subscribe_v with_o order_n to_o his_o say_a servant_n that_o he_o shall_v upon_o such_o a_o occasion_n write_v his_o letter_n upon_o the_o say_a paper_n to_o such_o a_o man_n his_o factor_n at_o dansicke_a in_o the_o east_n country_n to_o buy_v for_o he_o the_o quantity_n of_o corn_n which_o he_o can_v buy_v at_o amsterdam_n and_o shall_v date_n the_o letter_n as_o if_o himself_o have_v write_v the_o same_o the_o factor_n of_o dansicke_a do_v present_o perform_v the_o commission_n give_v he_o and_o so_o the_o business_n be_v accomplish_v complished_a but_o in_o this_o the_o confidence_n may_v be_v as_o great_a as_o in_o the_o make_n of_o bill_n obligatory_a and_o yet_o the_o adventure_n far_o inferior_a thereunto_o for_o upon_o these_o blank_n there_o be_v a_o addition_n to_o the_o name_n or_o a_o precedence_n in_o word_n namely_o your_o love_a friend_n a._n b._n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v impertinent_a and_o not_o to_o be_v use_v in_o bill_n
do_v pay_v for_o it_o factor_n therefore_o must_v be_v very_o careful_a to_o follow_v the_o commission_n give_v they_o very_o orderly_o and_o punctual_o and_o because_o merchant_n be_v not_o able_a to_o prescribe_v every_o thing_n so_o exact_o unto_o their_o factor_n as_o be_v convenient_a it_o behoove_v they_o to_o make_v good_a choice_n of_o the_o person_n which_o they_o do_v employ_v for_o their_o welfare_n depend_v upon_o traffic_n otherwise_o the_o factor_n grow_v rich_a and_o the_o merchant_n poor_a because_o his_o gain_n of_o factoridge_n be_v certain_a howsoever_o the_o success_n of_o merchant_n employment_n do_v prove_v but_o have_v a_o good_a factor_n which_o word_n good_a impli_v all_o and_o more_o than_o a_o honest_a factor_n who_o may_v be_v honest_a and_o nevertheless_o simple_a in_o his_o proceed_n and_o other_o also_o may_v be_v wise_a and_o not_o honest_a this_o good_a factor_n therefore_o may_v be_v trust_v addition_n ample_n commission_n with_o a_o addition_n and_o all_o commission_n give_v unto_o he_o may_v be_v ample_a with_o addition_n of_o these_o word_n dispose_v do_v &_o deal_v therein_o as_o if_o it_o be_v your_o own_o &_o this_o be_v so_o find_v the_o factor_n be_v to_o be_v excuse_v although_o it_o shall_v turn_v to_o loss_n because_o it_o be_v intend_v he_o do_v it_o for_o the_o best_a according_a to_o his_o discretion_n which_o be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v the_o true_a director_n make_v a_o conscience_n to_o see_v their_o master_n loss_n if_o they_o can_v prevent_v it_o but_o be_v limit_v to_o the_o contrary_a they_o can_v but_o grieve_v when_o their_o counsel_n and_o advice_n do_v not_o take_v place_n either_o in_o the_o sell_n of_o commodity_n in_o time_n foresee_v a_o great_a loss_n or_o buy_v some_o commodity_n dear_a over_o hasty_o as_o also_o in_o keep_v a_o commodity_n without_o purloin_v the_o same_o commission_n a_o passionate_a commission_n sometime_o upon_o a_o passionate_a humour_n as_o a_o merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n do_v of_o late_a year_n to_o his_o factor_n in_o london_n for_o be_v a_o loser_n by_o some_o spanish_a wine_n by_o write_v in_o these_o word_n my_o will_n be_v that_o upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o this_o my_o letter_n you_o go_v to_o the_o next_o ironmonger_n and_o buy_v a_o hammer_n and_o run_v into_o the_o cellar_n and_o strike_v out_o the_o head_n of_o all_o the_o butt_n of_o wine_n and_o let_v it_o run_v into_o the_o sellor_n for_o see_v the_o devil_n have_v eat_v the_o horse_n let_v he_o have_v the_o bridle_n too_o the_o factor_n do_v herein_o use_v his_o discretion_n and_o keep_v the_o wine_n which_o he_o afterward_o sell_v to_o benefit_n for_o he_o remember_v that_o loser_n have_v leave_v to_o speak_v servant_n difference_n by_o law_n between_o a_o factor_n and_o a_o servant_n factor_n do_v deal_v most_o common_o for_o diverse_a man_n and_o every_o man_n bear_v the_o hazard_n of_o their_o action_n but_o if_o a_o servant_n do_v deal_v for_o other_o by_o his_o master_n direction_n and_o they_o break_v the_o servant_n can_v be_v no_o loser_n for_o he_o be_v take_v to_o have_v no_o other_o credit_n but_o his_o master_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o intimation_n citation_n attachment_n and_o other_o lawful_a course_n be_v execute_v against_o servant_n and_o take_v no_o place_n against_o factor_n unless_o they_o have_v procuration_n now_o let_v we_o set_v down_o such_o observation_n as_o factor_n ought_v to_o know_v observation_n concern_v factor_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v sell_v at_o one_o time_n unto_o one_o man_n several_a parcel_n of_o commodity_n or_o good_n belong_v to_o diverse_a man_n account_n to_o be_v pay_v joint_o in_o one_o or_o more_o payment_n without_o any_o distinction_n make_v by_o the_o buyer_n for_o what_o parcel_n he_o pay_v any_o sum_n in_o part_n of_o payment_n of_o the_o say_a debt_n weekly_a or_o monthly_o as_o shopkeeper_n do_v then_o be_v the_o say_a factor_n to_o make_v a_o proportionable_a distribution_n of_o the_o money_n so_o receive_v upon_o every_o man_n account_n sold._n commodity_n buy_v and_o sold._n according_a to_o the_o sum_n that_o every_o man_n parcel_n do_v amount_v unto_o until_o all_o be_v pay_v and_o if_o any_o loss_n do_v happen_v or_o that_o all_o be_v not_o pay_v the_o say_a loss_n be_v to_o be_v distribute_v upon_o every_o man_n account_n according_o if_o a_o factor_n do_v sell_v afterward_o more_o good_n to_o the_o say_a man_n or_o any_o other_o who_o be_v already_o indebt_v for_o other_o commodity_n former_o buy_v as_o aforesaid_a be_v it_o for_o his_o own_o account_n or_o other_o man_n account_n and_o in_o the_o interim_n receive_v some_o more_o money_n in_o part_n of_o payment_n and_o account_n between_o they_o then_o be_v the_o say_a factor_n to_o distribute_v the_o say_a money_n as_o before_o until_o the_o say_v old_a and_o precedent_a debt_n be_v first_o pay_v unless_o there_o be_v cause_n of_o controversy_n for_o they_o or_o that_o the_o payment_n be_v endorse_v upon_o the_o bill_n make_v for_o the_o late_a good_n sell_v unto_o that_o man_n for_o that_o bill_n may_v be_v transfer_v or_o set_v over_o unto_o another_o man_n and_o so_o be_v not_o he_o the_o receiver_n of_o that_o money_n but_o the_o other_o man_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v sell_v good_n to_o another_o man_n payable_a at_o time_n for_o his_o own_o account_n and_o rcieve_v the_o money_n for_o the_o same_o at_o the_o time_n of_o payment_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v other_o man_n money_n remain_v in_o that_o man_n hand_n unpay_v for_o good_n by_o he_o former_o sell_v this_o factor_n be_v to_o be_v answerable_a for_o that_o money_n unto_o those_o other_o man_n although_o he_o shall_v never_o recover_v one_o penny_n of_o it_o for_o he_o can_v without_o fraud_n bear_v with_o the_o nonpayment_n of_o other_o man_n money_n after_o they_o be_v due_a and_o procure_v the_o payment_n of_o his_o own_o money_n to_o another_o man_n loss_n and_o prejudice_n in_o like_a case_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v sell_v unto_o a_o man_n certain_a good_n of_o another_o man_n account_n either_o by_o itself_o or_o among_o other_o parcel_n and_o this_o factor_n give_v not_o advice_n to_o the_o owner_n or_o proprietary_n of_o the_o sale_n of_o the_o say_a good_n but_o afterward_o have_v have_v more_o deal_n with_o that_o man_n in_o sell_v of_o good_n and_o receive_v of_o money_n this_o man_n become_v insoluent_a the_o factor_n be_v to_o make_v good_a that_o debt_n for_o the_o say_v good_n so_o sell_v because_o he_o give_v no_o advice_n to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o sale_n of_o the_o say_a good_n at_o convenient_a time_n even_o as_o if_o he_o have_v sell_v those_o good_n unto_o a_o man_n contrary_n to_o the_o commission_n give_v unto_o he_o for_o the_o salary_n of_o factoridge_n bind_v he_o thereunto_o if_o a_o factor_n by_o order_n or_o commission_n of_o a_o merchant_n do_v buy_v any_o commodity_n above_o the_o price_n limit_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o say_a merchant_n or_o that_o they_o be_v not_o of_o that_o sort_n goodness_n or_o kind_n as_o he_o be_v will_v to_o do_v this_o factor_n be_v to_o keep_v the_o same_o for_o his_o own_o account_n and_o the_o merchant_n may_v disclaim_v the_o buy_n of_o they_o the_o like_a he_o may_v do_v if_o the_o factor_n have_v buy_v a_o commodity_n according_a to_o his_o commission_n do_v ship_n the_o same_o for_o another_o place_n than_o he_o have_v commission_n to_o do_v if_o a_o factor_n do_v sell_v a_o commodity_n under_o the_o price_n limit_v unto_o he_o he_o be_v to_o make_v good_a the_o loss_n or_o difference_n of_o the_o price_n unless_o he_o can_v give_v a_o sufficient_a reason_n of_o his_o do_v so_o wherein_o he_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o disposition_n of_o the_o merchant_n for_o who_o he_o deal_v as_o be_v before_o note_v if_o a_o factor_n buy_v commodity_n according_a to_o his_o commission_n and_o afterward_o the_o price_n of_o they_o rise_v and_o thereupon_o fraudulent_o he_o lade_v they_o for_o another_o place_n contrary_a to_o his_o commission_n to_o take_v the_o benefit_n thereof_o in_o this_o case_n the_o merchant_n shall_v recover_v damage_n against_o the_o factor_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n upon_o proof_n make_v thereof_o if_o a_o factor_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o a_o merchant_n do_v buy_v a_o commodity_n for_o that_o merchant_n account_n with_o the_o say_v merchant_n money_n or_o by_o his_o credit_n and_o the_o factor_n give_v no_o advice_n of_o the_o buy_n of_o it_o to_o the_o say_a merchant_n but_o do_v sell_v the_o same_o again_o for_o his_o own_o benefit_n and_o gain_v the_o merchant_n shall_v recover_v this_o benefit_n of_o the_o say_a factor_n by_o the_o office_n of_o prior_n and_o consul_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n and_o shall_v be_v moreover_o amerce_v for_o
of_o antuerp_n the_o factor_n in_o this_o case_n rechange_v exchange_n and_o rechange_v do_v accept_v from_o time_n to_o time_n many_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o pay_v they_o according_o and_o take_v up_o the_o money_n by_o the_o direction_n of_o e.f._n of_o amsterdam_n for_o spain_n and_o other_o place_n and_o so_o continue_v the_o same_o for_o a_o long_a time_n by_o way_n of_o rechange_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o upon_o the_o say_a credit_n of_o a.b._n of_o london_n at_o last_o this_o factor_n c.d._n become_v suspicious_a because_o of_o this_o long_a continuance_n of_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o rechange_v and_o write_v unto_o the_o say_v a.b._n of_o london_n to_o know_v whether_o he_o be_v content_v to_o continue_v his_o former_a credit_n by_o he_o give_v to_o e._n f._n of_o amsterdam_n a._n b._n continue_v the_o same_o but_o with_o a_o limitation_n to_o a_o certain_a sum_n credit_n limitation_n of_o letter_n of_o credit_n not_o know_v what_o sum_n of_o money_n the_o say_v c.d._n be_v engage_v for_o the_o say_v e.f._n of_o amsterdam_n for_o c.d._n give_v he_o no_o notice_n of_o it_o at_o that_o time_n hereupon_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o e.f._n of_o amsterdam_n become_v insoluent_a and_o be_v much_o indebt_v unto_o c.d._n the_o factor_n of_o antuerpe_n this_o factor_n require_v his_o satisfaction_n at_o the_o hand_n of_o a.b._n of_o london_n according_a to_o the_o former_a letter_n of_o credit_n a.b._n do_v answer_n that_o he_o have_v restrain_v and_o limit_v the_o say_a credit_n to_o a_o certain_a sum_n which_o indeed_o do_v cut_v off_o all_o former_a matter_n see_v c.d._n give_v he_o no_o notice_n of_o the_o money_n owe_v before_o and_o a.b._n be_v only_o to_o answer_v for_o the_o money_n which_o be_v take_v up_o by_o the_o second_o letter_n of_o credit_n according_a to_o the_o sum_n limit_v otherwise_o a._n b._n have_v be_v clear_v of_o all_o but_o if_o c.d._n do_v continue_v those_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o rechange_v upon_o the_o credit_n of_o a._n b_o and_o the_o factor_n with_o who_o he_o have_v correspondence_n do_v become_v insoluent_a and_o thereby_o c.d._n the_o factor_n be_v damnify_v and_o pay_v the_o money_n run_v by_o exchange_n or_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o this_o factor_n be_v to_o be_v save_v harmless_a by_o a._n b._n because_o he_o take_v up_o or_o cause_v to_o be_v take_v up_o regard_v the_o efficient_a cause_n always_o to_o be_v regard_v the_o say_a money_n original_o so_o that_o his_o credit_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o it_o and_o the_o factor_n be_v to_o be_v regard_v herein_o in_o all_o reason_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v accept_v bill_n of_o exchange_n of_o a_o merchant_n with_o order_z to_z rechange_v the_o same_o again_o upon_o he_o or_o to_o take_v it_o up_o by_o exchange_n for_o another_o place_n or_o place_n where_o he_o the_o say_a factor_n shall_v find_v it_o to_o be_v for_o the_o most_o benefit_n of_o the_o merchant_n if_o this_o factor_n take_v up_o the_o same_o according_a to_o his_o best_a skill_n and_o knowledge_n although_o it_o be_v find_v contrary_a to_o the_o merchant_n intention_n the_o factor_n be_v not_o to_o be_v charge_v and_o the_o merchant_n be_v to_o save_v he_o harmless_a for_o the_o principal_a with_o exchange_n rechange_v and_o all_o charge_n of_o factoridge_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v make_v over_o money_n for_o another_o man_n account_n by_o exchange_n unto_o another_o man_n or_o merchant_n before_o he_o have_v notice_n that_o this_o merchant_n be_v break_v and_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v not_o due_a this_o factor_n have_v authority_n to_o countermand_v the_o payment_n of_o this_o money_n although_o the_o party_n upon_o who_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v direct_v have_v accept_v the_o same_o and_o if_o the_o say_a party_n shall_v pay_v the_o same_o before_o it_o be_v due_a he_o be_v to_o repay_v the_o same_o again_o to_o the_o say_a factor_n as_o have_v pay_v it_o in_o his_o own_o wrong_n contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n in_o exchange_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v freight_v a_o ship_n for_o some_o voyage_n to_o be_v make_v ship_n freight_v of_o ship_n go_v and_o come_v for_o a_o merchant_n account_n and_o by_o his_o commission_n or_o order_n whereof_o a_o charter_n party_n of_o fraightment_n be_v make_v by_o indenture_n between_o he_o and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n this_o factor_n be_v liable_a for_o the_o performance_n thereof_o and_o to_o pay_v the_o freight_n and_o all_o thing_n according_o but_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v only_o freight_v outward_o and_o the_o factor_n lade_v the_o same_o with_o some_o good_n than_o these_o good_n be_v liable_a for_o the_o freight_n and_o the_o master_n can_v demand_v nothing_o of_o the_o factor_n by_o the_o charterpartie_n but_o must_v look_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o party_n that_o receive_v the_o good_n according_a to_o the_o bill_n of_o lade_n whereby_o it_o be_v condition_v lade_n bill_n of_o lade_n that_o the_o freight_n shall_v be_v pay_v upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o the_o say_a good_n and_o so_o be_v it_o also_o if_o a_o ship_n be_v freight_v to_o go_v to_o diverse_a part_n as_o it_o be_v bind_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o and_o to_o be_v free_a in_o the_o last_o place_n of_o his_o discharge_n for_o the_o master_n must_v still_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o be_v secure_v by_o good_n unless_o there_o be_v a_o express_a condition_n make_v in_o the_o charterpartie_n to_o the_o contrary_a or_o that_o the_o ship_n be_v freight_v by_o the_o great_a for_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o a_o agreement_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v freight_v a_o ship_n for_o another_o man_n or_o for_o his_o own_o account_n and_o when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o place_n appoint_v to_o unlade_v there_o be_v no_o good_n to_o relade_v the_o same_o or_o there_o want_v money_n for_o the_o lade_n thereof_o if_o the_o master_n do_v not_o stay_v out_o all_o his_o day_n of_o demourer_n agree_v upon_o by_o the_o charterpartie_n of_o fraightment_n lade_v protest_v for_o not_o lade_v and_o make_v a_o protest_n against_o the_o party_n that_o he_o be_v consign_v unto_o to_o give_v he_o his_o lade_n within_o that_o time_n but_o come_v away_o before_o that_o time_n be_v expire_v and_o although_o he_o make_v a_o protest_n for_o that_o he_o be_v not_o lade_v yet_o the_o factor_n be_v to_o pay_v he_o no_o freight_n at_o all_o unless_o for_o the_o freight_n outward_o it_o be_v condition_v by_o the_o charterpartie_n but_o if_o the_o master_n do_v stay_v out_o his_o time_n than_o the_o factor_n be_v to_o answer_v the_o freight_n although_o the_o master_n have_v lade_v his_o ship_n with_o salt_n for_o his_o own_o account_n for_o if_o the_o say_a ship_n have_v be_v lade_v only_o with_o salt_n by_o the_o merchant_n which_o it_o may_v be_v will_v not_o pay_v half_o the_o freight_n yet_o the_o factor_n or_o merchant_n may_v at_o their_o pleasure_n abandon_v the_o same_o to_o the_o master_n for_o his_o freight_n freight_n good_n to_o be_v abandon_v for_o the_o freight_n and_o the_o master_n can_v demand_v no_o more_o of_o the_o factor_n by_o the_o charterpartie_n but_o if_o the_o master_n do_v take_v in_o salt_n and_o lade_v his_o ship_n by_o his_o own_o mean_n before_o the_o day_n of_o demourer_n be_v expire_v and_o that_o by_o some_o condition_n make_v with_o the_o factor_n he_o may_v claim_v freight_v then_o the_o factor_n be_v to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o salt_n in_o defalcation_n of_o the_o say_a freight_n if_o a_o factor_n do_v freight_v a_o ship_n for_o a_o merchant_n and_o afterward_o the_o say_a ship_n be_v take_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n for_o some_o few_o day_n within_o the_o time_n agree_v upon_o for_o the_o lade_n and_o hereupon_o the_o merchant_n disclaim_v the_o freight_a of_o the_o say_a ship_n albeit_o the_o factor_n do_v proceed_v to_o lade_v the_o same_o in_o this_o case_n the_o factor_n be_v not_o to_o bear_v any_o loss_n but_o what_o damage_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v to_o the_o master_n the_o merchant_n be_v to_o save_v the_o factor_n harmless_a of_o it_o if_o a_o factor_n do_v hire_v a_o ship_n by_o the_o month_n for_o another_o merchant_n or_o for_o his_o own_o account_n and_o lade_v the_o same_o be_v ready_a to_o depart_v afterward_o the_o king_n make_v a_o general_a embargo_fw-mi or_o restraint_n upon_o all_o ship_n for_o a_o time_n the_o master_n can_v demand_v any_o freight_n of_o the_o factor_n for_o and_o during_o the_o say_a time_n of_o arrest_n and_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v unlade_v again_o and_o employ_v in_o the_o king_n service_n the_o factor_n be_v free_a of_o all_o agreement_n or_o covenant_n with_o the_o master_n freighting_a money_o give_v for_o freighting_a if_o a_o factor_n do_v receive_v
or_o amount_v unto_o albeit_o that_o in_o this_o as_o i_o have_v touch_v before_o custom_n be_v prefer_v above_o law_n particular_a custom_n to_o be_v above_o law_n in_o this_o particular_a for_o the_o civil_a law_n if_o there_o be_v many_o assuror_n in_o a_o ship_n upon_o the_o good_n lade_v therein_o make_v all_o the_o assuror_n liable_a pro_fw-la rata_fw-la as_o they_o have_v assure_v according_a to_o the_o say_a part_n of_o good_n lade_v if_o a_o loss_n do_v happen_v or_o if_o there_o be_v cause_n to_o restore_v the_o premio_fw-la or_o sallarie_n of_o assurance_n in_o part_n but_o the_o custom_n of_o assurance_n do_v impose_v the_o loss_n upon_o those_o assuror_n which_o do_v first_o underwrite_v and_o the_o late_a underwriter_n of_o the_o assuror_n do_v not_o bear_v any_o part_n of_o the_o loss_n but_o must_v make_v restitution_n of_o the_o premio_fw-la and_o reserve_v only_o one_o half_a upon_o the_o hundred_o pound_n or_o 10_o ss_z for_o their_o underwriting_n in_o the_o policy_n of_o assurance_n as_o be_v observe_v the_o civillians_n therefore_o have_v note_v that_o in_o assurance_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o sea-lawe_n and_o use_v among_o merchant_n be_v chief_o to_o be_v regard_v and_o observe_v in_o like_a manner_n if_o a_o ship_n bind_v for_o a_o certain_a port_n be_v at_o sea_n be_v drive_v back_o to_o the_o same_o from_o whence_o it_o depart_v and_o by_o tempest_n be_v cast_v away_o the_o assuror_n be_v to_o answer_v the_o damage_n of_o the_o good_n lade_v therein_o for_o so_o much_o as_o they_o do_v assure_v as_o they_o do_v in_o other_o casualty_n assuror_n therefore_o be_v right_o exempt_v by_o the_o divine_n and_o canonist_n to_o be_v no_o manner_n of_o way_n usuror_n take_v a_o benefit_n by_o contract_n etc._n etc._n the_o matter_n of_o loss_n be_v well_o examine_v and_o make_v plain_a the_o commissioner_n then_o with_o a_o mature_a deliberation_n do_v set_v down_o their_o determination_n and_o sentence_n that_o the_o assuror_n shall_v pay_v every_o one_o the_o money_n by_o he_o assure_v and_o if_o thereupon_o any_o one_o do_v deny_v to_o make_v payment_n according_o than_o upon_o certificate_n to_o the_o lord_n mayor_n of_o london_n and_o some_o of_o the_o say_a commissioner_n make_v of_o his_o refusal_n they_o have_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o aforesaid_a authority_n to_o commit_v the_o say_a assuror_n to_o prison_n there_o to_o remain_v until_o he_o do_v pay_v or_o satisfy_v the_o say_a sentence_n or_o final_a decree_n which_o no_o man_n of_o any_o credit_n will_v incur_v and_o thus_o be_v this_o laudable_a custom_n establish_v in_o england_n and_o beyond_o the_o sea_n they_o be_v compel_v by_o the_o magistrate_n to_o perform_v the_o like_a ordinance_n or_o sentence_n pronounce_v in_o the_o like_a case_n of_o assurance_n *_o âŽ_o *_o chap._n xxix_o of_o shipwreck_n and_o thing_n find_v upon_o the_o sea_n the_o merchant_n or_o the_o assure_a together_o with_o the_o assuror_n have_v great_a cause_n of_o encouragement_n to_o look_v after_o the_o good_n of_o a_o shipwreck_n for_o there_o be_v no_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o say_a good_n but_o with_o all_o humanity_n every_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o aid_v they_o thereunto_o and_o whosoever_o steal_v any_o such_o good_n he_o shall_v pay_v fourfold_a to_o the_o owner_n thereof_o if_o he_o be_v pursue_v within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n and_o as_o much_o to_o the_o prince_n or_o admiral_n wherein_o the_o sea-law_n be_v so_o strict_a that_o the_o steal_n of_o a_o nail_n or_o the_o value_n thereof_o make_v the_o party_n guilty_a to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o good_n so_o that_o by_o the_o ordinance_n of_o the_o emperor_n antonius_n the_o thief_n or_o robber_n of_o such_o good_n shall_v be_v beat_v and_o banish_v for_o three_o year_n or_o if_o he_o be_v of_o base_a condition_n scourge_v to_o the_o galley_n for_o he_o that_o will_v not_o help_v such_o distress_a man_n shall_v be_v count_v as_o a_o murderer_n and_o therefore_o may_v no_o man_n hinder_v ship_n to_o tie_v their_o rope_n or_o lay_v their_o anchor_n on_o land_n and_o therefore_o do_v hadrian_n the_o emperor_n ordain_v that_o all_o man_n have_v possession_n on_o the_o coast_n shall_v attend_v careful_o upon_o such_o chance_n otherwise_o they_o to_o be_v answerable_a for_o all_o thing_n miss_v by_o stealth_n or_o robbery_n if_o no_o man_n in_o due_a time_n claim_v such_o a_o wreck_n than_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o prince_n or_o admiral_n and_o any_o action_n for_o shipwreck_n must_v therefore_o be_v commence_v within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n wherein_o also_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o if_o the_o ship_n only_o perish_v and_o the_o good_n be_v save_v than_o the_o good_n shall_v pay_v the_o ten_o or_o the_o five_o as_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o save_v thereof_o shall_v require_v for_o gold_n silver_n silk_n and_o the_o like_a thing_n of_o easy_a transportation_n shall_v pay_v less_o than_o good_n of_o great_a weight_n and_o burdensome_a for_o carriage_n as_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n except_o the_o master_n carry_v in_o his_o ship_n to_o a_o place_n where_o he_o shall_v not_o and_o then_o be_v the_o merchant_n free_a of_o the_o master_n loss_n now_o of_o thing_n find_v upon_o the_o sea_n or_o within_o the_o flood-mark_a these_o be_v of_o three_o sort_n either_o find_v on_o the_o stream_n float_v and_o then_o be_v call_v floatson_n or_o find_v on_o the_o sea_n bottom_n lagon_n floatson_n lagon_n and_o draw_v up_o from_o it_o and_o then_o call_v lagon_n or_o find_v on_o land_n but_o within_o the_o sea-flood_n or_o cast_v forth_o there_o by_o storm_n and_o the_o water_n and_o then_o be_v call_v jetson_n jetson_n jetson_n concern_v floatson_n and_o jetson_n whether_o thing_n be_v cast_v up_o by_o shipwreck_n or_o else_o leave_v or_o lose_v through_o cast_v in_o storm_n the_o finder_n thereof_o as_o some_o lawyer_n be_v of_o opinion_n shall_v do_v therewith_o as_o with_o other_o good_n find_v upon_o land_n that_o be_v to_o proclaim_v the_o same_o to_o be_v forthcoming_a to_o the_o true_a owner_n because_o the_o loser_n remain_v still_o proprietary_n of_o they_o and_o if_o no_o man_n claim_v the_o same_o the_o finder_n to_o keep_v the_o same_o to_o himself_o but_o by_o the_o rhodian_a law_n the_o finder_n have_v one_o five_o part_n for_o the_o save_n and_o in_o france_n by_o the_o admiralty_n of_o rochel_n they_o allow_v pour_v le_fw-fr droict_n de_fw-fr sawage_n one_o three_o part_n which_o myself_o have_v allow_v of_o eighty_o pipe_n of_o oil_n and_o twenty_o two_o butt_n of_o sack_n which_o become_v floatson_n out_o of_o a_o ship_n of_o diepe_a call_v the_o desire_n which_o do_v perish_v near_o the_o island_n of_o saint_n martin_n de_fw-fr rea_n not_o far_o from_o oleron_n in_o the_o year_n 1589_o the_o french_a king_n henry_n the_o four_o late_o decease_v be_v then_o but_o king_n of_o navarre_n so_o have_v a_o diver_n for_o drown_a good_n sea_n allowâ—ee_o to_o diverse_a in_o the_o sea_n one_o three_o part_n upon_o eight_o cubit_n deep_a and_o upon_o fifteen_o cubit_n he_o have_v half_a and_o upon_o one_o cubit_n but_o a_o ten_o which_o of_o late_a year_n be_v according_o allow_v in_o some_o part_n of_o ireland_n for_o draw_v up_o some_o ordnance_n of_o the_o ship_n which_o of_o the_o spanish_a armada_n do_v perish_v upon_o the_o coast_n anno_fw-la 1588._o but_o by_o the_o custom_n now_o use_v every_o man_n of_o some_o quality_n will_v claim_v all_o as_o his_o own_o if_o it_o come_v upon_o his_o land_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n which_o give_v it_o to_o the_o finder_n if_o ship_n or_o boat_n be_v find_v on_o the_o sea_n or_o upon_o the_o coast_n without_o any_o live_a creature_n therein_o and_o no_o man_n claim_v the_o same_o within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n then_o the_o half_a be_v allow_v to_o the_o finder_n and_o the_o other_o half_n to_o the_o prince_n but_o of_o late_a year_n all_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o the_o admiral_n to_o consider_v the_o finder_n or_o taker_n with_o some_o portion_n for_o his_o travel_n charge_n and_o danger_n and_o if_o the_o finder_n conceal_v such_o good_n whether_o anchor_n timber_n jewel_n dead_a man_n with_o money_n or_o jewel_n about_o they_o he_o not_o only_o lose_v his_o part_n but_o also_o shall_v be_v fine_v at_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o admiral_n if_o whale_n or_o regal_a fish_n ship_n or_o boat_n without_o live_a thing_n in_o they_o be_v drive_v by_o force_n of_o wind_n and_o wave_n only_o to_o any_o coast_n or_o land_n than_o all_o and_o whole_o do_v appertain_v to_o the_o admiral_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 1617._o a_o great_a whale_n be_v find_v on_o the_o coast_n in_o suffolk_n where_o sir_n robert_n lloyd_n knight_n be_v admiral_n for_o the_o late_a queen_n
night_n and_o upon_o special_a occasion_n be_v absent_a he_o may_v leave_v his_o mate_n and_o other_o that_o may_v supply_v his_o place_n that_o they_o do_v not_o too_o much_o meddle_v with_o merchandise_n or_o trade_n whereby_o they_o shall_v be_v hinder_v in_o the_o due_a care_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o ship_n the_o master_n be_v due_o to_o pay_v the_o mariner_n wage_n without_o any_o abatement_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o money_n lend_v they_o before_o or_o cause_n to_o pay_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o owner_n the_o wage_n due_a unto_o mariner_n for_o place_n near_o at_o hand_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v but_o by_o two_o payment_n but_o for_o remote_a and_o long_a voyage_n in_o three_o payment_n one_o at_o the_o departure_n another_o upon_o the_o unlade_v of_o the_o good_n and_o the_o three_o upon_o the_o end_n of_o the_o voyage_n by_o equal_a portion_n in_o three_o if_o a_o master_n upon_o some_o reasonable_a occasion_n will_v discharge_v his_o pilot_n either_o upon_o the_o unlade_v or_o relade_v he_o be_v to_o pay_v he_o full_a wage_n if_o mariner_n be_v unruly_a and_o give_v occasion_n to_o hinder_v the_o voyage_n any_o way_n by_o their_o misbehaviour_n to_o be_v prove_v by_o two_o other_o mariner_n the_o master_n may_v set_v they_o on_o land_n or_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o their_o demerit_n if_o mariner_n will_v not_o testify_v of_o their_o fellow_n misbehaviour_n the_o master_n upon_o his_o oath_n shall_v be_v believe_v and_o the_o mariner_n to_o be_v punish_v according_o if_o a_o master_n do_v conceal_v the_o offence_n of_o mariner_n he_o shall_v forfeit_v and_o pay_v fifty_o dollar_n half_a to_o the_o magistrate_n and_o half_a to_o the_o poor_a if_o a_o mariner_n shall_v kill_v another_o the_o master_n be_v to_o keep_v he_o in_o iron_n until_o he_o bring_v he_o unto_o the_o first_o judicature_n to_o be_v judge_v etc._n etc._n if_o a_o pirate_n or_o thief_n shall_v come_v aboard_o and_o the_o mariner_n be_v willing_a to_o defend_v the_o same_o and_o yet_o the_o master_n will_v not_o fight_v this_o master_n shall_v never_o be_v put_v in_o trust_v any_o more_o nor_o have_v credit_n as_o a_o honest_a man_n nor_o be_v suffer_v to_o dwell_v in_o any_o of_o the_o haunce_n town_n if_o a_o master_n be_v put_v in_o trust_n to_o bring_v over_o pearl_n precious_a stone_n or_o money_n which_o be_v ware_n of_o no_o volume_n to_o pay_v freight_v but_o a_o consideration_n the_o master_n be_v to_o have_v the_o four_o part_n of_o it_o and_o the_o other_o three_o part_n be_v to_o be_v the_o owner_n if_o a_o master_n be_v part_n owner_n will_v sell_v his_o part_n or_o cause_v his_o owner_n to_o pay_v dear_a for_o it_o the_o say_a part_n be_v to_o be_v value_v by_o indifferent_a person_n and_o the_o owner_n or_o some_o of_o they_o be_v to_o pay_v according_o if_o a_o master_n without_o cause_n will_v sail_v in_o another_o haven_n than_o he_o be_v freight_v and_o loss_n do_v happen_v he_o shall_v answer_v the_o same_o of_o his_o own_o mean_n if_o a_o master_n shall_v sell_v the_o ship_n and_o the_o merchant_n good_n and_o run_v away_o he_o shall_v not_o remain_v in_o any_o of_o the_o haunce_n town_n and_o shall_v be_v pursue_v to_o answer_v for_o the_o same_o to_o the_o uttermost_a by_o all_o mean_n if_o by_o contrary_a wind_n and_o weather_n be_v enter_v into_o another_o harbour_n the_o merchant_n do_v sell_v his_o good_n the_o master_n be_v to_o have_v his_o full_a freight_n or_o to_o go_v the_o voyage_n if_o a_o master_n find_v himself_o in_o place_n where_o neither_o himself_n nor_o his_o pilot_n be_v acquait_v and_o may_v have_v pilot_n but_o will_v not_o use_v they_o he_o be_v to_o pay_v one_o mark_v of_o gold_n for_o his_o punishment_n if_o a_o master_n have_v his_o lade_n in_o corn_n which_o become_v hot_a he_o be_v to_o cool_v the_o same_o in_o convenient_a manner_n if_o wind_n and_o weather_n do_v not_o hinder_v he_o and_o the_o mariner_n be_v to_o have_v two_o shilling_n lup_n for_o every_o last_o for_o do_v of_o it_o mariner_n of_o the_o hire_v of_o mariner_n no_o master_n shall_v henceforth_o take_v any_o mariner_n to_o hire_v without_o they_o have_v a_o passport_n of_o their_o last_o service_n upon_o pain_n of_o two_o dollar_n which_o passport_n every_o master_n be_v to_o give_v and_o shall_v be_v print_v with_o blank_n for_o the_o name_n none_o shall_v hire_v another_o mariner_n by_o enticement_n of_o word_n or_o by_o give_v great_a wage_n but_o take_v they_o of_o course_n upon_o pain_n of_o ten_o dollar_n etc._n etc._n and_o if_o the_o mariner_n take_v his_o own_o leave_n the_o master_n may_v claim_v half_o the_o wage_n which_o another_o shall_v give_v he_o the_o mariner_n shall_v keep_v their_o promise_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o master_n and_o be_v of_o good_a behaviour_n and_o quiet_o live_v together_o upon_o pain_n as_o follow_v if_o any_o one_o do_v put_v himself_o forth_o to_o be_v a_o pilot_n boatswain_n or_o any_o other_o officer_n and_o shall_v be_v find_v insufficient_a by_o two_o credible_a honest_a man_n or_o be_v prove_v by_o his_o company_n they_o shall_v not_o only_o lose_v their_o wage_n but_o also_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o the_o fact_n if_o a_o mariner_n be_v entertain_v and_o at_o the_o master_n charge_n and_o before_o the_o voyage_n the_o master_n take_v dislike_n of_o he_o he_o may_v discharge_v he_o give_v one_o third_n of_o his_o wage_n but_o it_o shall_v be_v of_o the_o master_n purse_n and_o not_o for_o the_o owner_n to_o bear_v any_o part_n thereof_o when_o the_o master_n have_v entertain_v the_o mariner_n at_o the_o ship_n expense_n the_o mariner_n be_v to_o make_v their_o lodging_n on_o board_n and_o to_o content_v themselves_o with_o it_o when_o the_o ship_n be_v come_v to_o some_o port_n or_o arrive_v at_o the_o place_n the_o say_a mariner_n be_v not_o without_o the_o master_n leave_n to_o go_v on_o shore_n upon_o pain_n to_o be_v imprison_v and_o further_o to_o be_v punish_v as_o cause_n shall_v require_v the_o mariner_n shall_v have_v no_o guest_n on_o board_n without_o the_o master_n consent_n no_o mariner_n shall_v have_v his_o wife_n on_o board_n in_o the_o night_n upon_o pain_n of_o a_o doller_n if_o he_o do_v offend_v no_o mariner_n be_v to_o discharge_v any_o ordnance_n or_o shoot_v without_o the_o master_n commandment_n upon_o pain_n to_o pay_v double_a for_o the_o powder_n and_o shot_n all_o mariner_n shall_v both_o at_o sea_n and_o in_o the_o harbour_n keep_v true_a watch_n night_n and_o day_n according_a to_o the_o master_n appointment_n upon_o pain_n of_o half_a a_o doller_n to_o be_v abate_v of_o his_o hire_n and_o by_o default_n to_o be_v punish_v etc._n etc._n whosoever_o be_v find_v to_o sleep_v upon_o the_o watch_n shall_v forfeit_v eight_o shilling_n lup_n and_o he_o that_o find_v he_o sleep_v and_o conceal_v it_o shall_v pay_v the_o like_a no_o boatswain_n shall_v loose_v a_o cable_n without_o the_o master_n or_o pilot_n commandment_n when_o a_o ship_n be_v detain_v by_o wind_n and_o weather_n in_o any_o strange_a place_n no_o mariner_n shall_v depart_v or_o go_v on_o shore_n without_o the_o master_n leave_n upon_o pain_n to_o lose_v half_a wage_n the_o half_a of_o it_o to_o the_o master_n and_o half_a to_o the_o poor_a neither_o shall_v the_o mariner_n go_v on_o shore_n when_o the_o ship_n be_v at_o anchor_n without_o the_o master_n leave_n upon_o pain_n of_o half_a a_o doller_n if_o any_o mariner_n go_v on_o land_n without_o leave_n and_o become_v wound_v the_o master_n be_v not_o to_o look_v to_o see_v he_o heal_v if_o a_o boatswain_n be_v absent_a be_v the_o cause_n of_o some_o great_a harm_n or_o loss_n he_o shall_v answer_v for_o it_o and_o if_o he_o have_v no_o mean_n he_o shall_v be_v then_o imprison_v one_o whole_a year_n with_o bread_n and_o water_n and_o if_o by_o his_o default_n the_o ship_n perish_v or_o some_o body_n be_v slay_v he_o shall_v answer_v for_o it_o with_o his_o life_n or_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o his_o offence_n when_o the_o master_n with_o some_o of_o his_o mariner_n go_v on_o land_n the_o mariner_n be_v to_o attend_v in_o the_o boat_n for_o he_o or_o to_o follow_v his_o order_n and_o if_o any_o remain_v all_o night_n on_o shore_n he_o shall_v lose_v his_o portage_n and_o be_v punish_v when_o a_o master_n have_v hire_v his_o company_n for_o a_o certain_a place_n and_o he_o have_v afterward_o advice_n of_o his_o owner_n or_o partner_n that_o more_o profit_n be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o another_o place_n the_o mariner_n be_v to_o be_v content_a therewith_o and_o to_o take_v content_a for_o their_o wage_n wherein_o if_o they_o can_v well_o agree_v than_o the_o most_o ancient_a be_v to_o conclude_v or_o other_o
as_o particular_a shall_v be_v bind_v to_o have_v this_o our_o ordinance_n with_o the_o figure_n always_o ready_a upon_o their_o bank_n or_o counting-house_n as_o also_o a_o proclamation_n fit_a to_o be_v affix_v in_o print_n declare_v the_o valuation_n of_o the_o say_a coin_n to_o the_o end_n every_o man_n may_v govern_v himself_o according_o upon_o forfeiture_n of_o five_o netherlands_n rider_n to_o be_v pay_v as_o often_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v find_v without_o they_o in_o their_o say_a office_n or_o counting-house_n 20_o prohibit_v all_o receiver_n banker_n and_o exchanger_n their_o deputy_n and_o officer_n together_o with_o all_o merchant_n or_o other_o person_n of_o what_o quality_n and_o condition_n so_o ever_o to_o cull_v out_o any_o coin_n to_o separate_v the_o light_a one_o for_o to_o be_v issue_v and_o with_o the_o weighty_a one_o '_o to_o make_v a_o benefit_n upon_o forfeiture_n of_o twenty_o and_o five_o neatherland_n rider_n 21_o prohibit_v also_o that_o none_o of_o the_o coin_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v value_v by_o this_o our_o proclamation_n unless_o it_o be_v the_o spanish_a ryall_n of_o 8_o with_o his_o proportion_n shall_v be_v deliver_v into_o any_o mint_n to_o be_v melt_v to_o which_o end_n we_o command_v all_o the_o mint-master_n of_o these_o province_n that_o they_o do_v not_o receive_v any_o of_o the_o say_a coin_n for_o to_o melt_v they_o it_o there_o will_v be_v no_o cause_n to_o do_v it_o and_o if_o any_o be_v so_o bring_v unto_o they_o to_o detain_v the_o same_o and_o to_o give_v notice_n thereof_o unto_o the_o general_n of_o the_o say_a mint_n to_o proceed_v therein_o as_o it_o shall_v appertain_v and_o whosever_v shall_v be_v find_v to_o go_v about_o to_o sell_v the_o say_a coin_n or_o have_v sell_v or_o break_v the_o same_o we_o will_v have_v the_o same_o to_o be_v forfeit_v and_o the_o double_a thereof_o over_o and_o above_o 22_o prohibit_v also_o the_o importation_n of_o any_o coin_n not_o value_v by_o these_o present_n either_o of_o gold_n or_o silver_n to_o be_v bring_v in_o for_o to_o be_v distribute_v 23_o and_o for_o the_o better_a discovery_n of_o the_o say_v first_o author_n or_o importer_n of_o prohibit_v coin_v we_o do_v command_v all_o our_o officer_n to_o do_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o inquire_v of_o those_o with_o who_o they_o shall_v find_v any_o of_o the_o say_a coin_n of_o who_o they_o have_v the_o same_o and_o so_o from_o person_n to_o person_n until_o the_o first_o importer_n cause_v they_o to_o be_v punish_v as_o aforesaid_a unless_o some_o can_v name_v his_o first_o author_n wherewith_o he_o shall_v be_v clear_v of_o the_o say_a forfeiture_n and_o if_o he_o do_v voluntary_o accuse_v his_o author_n he_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o same_o and_o the_o say_v first_o importer_n shall_v be_v banish_v out_o of_o all_o the_o say_a province_n 24_o if_o any_o officer_n shall_v make_v doubt_n that_o any_o of_o the_o say_a person_n have_v not_o deal_v well_o or_o misbehave_v themselves_o then_o shall_v they_o with_o the_o magistrate_n have_v authority_n to_o put_v they_o to_o their_o oath_n of_o who_o they_o have_v receive_v the_o say_v coin_n and_o at_o what_o price_n they_o have_v receive_v and_o pay_v out_o the_o same_o and_o if_o they_o deny_v to_o declare_v the_o same_o by_o oath_n he_o shall_v be_v take_v as_o convict_v of_o the_o say_a trespass_n according_a to_o this_o ordinance_n but_o if_o without_o equivocation_n he_o will_v roundly_o declare_v the_o truth_n whereby_o the_o fault_n shall_v appear_v he_o shall_v be_v pardon_v of_o the_o forfeiture_n and_o also_o enjoy_v one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o offender_n penalty_n if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v have_v 25_o and_o in_o like_a manner_n they_o may_v and_o we_o do_v authorise_v they_o by_o these_o present_n to_o seize_v and_o open_a coffer_n truss_v and_o the_o letter_n of_o messenger_n where_o they_o have_v suspicion_n to_o contain_v any_o coin_n provide_v always_o that_o the_o say_v open_v be_v do_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o he_o to_o who_o the_o say_v coffer_n truss_v or_o letter_n be_v direct_v if_o they_o can_v instant_o come_v at_o they_o beside_o some_o one_o of_o the_o magistrate_n where_o the_o say_a seizure_n be_v make_v to_o the_o end_n that_o thereby_o the_o name_n may_v be_v know_v of_o he_o who_o have_v send_v the_o say_a money_n at_o high_a price_n and_o to_o no_o other_o effect_n 26_o all_o which_o penalty_n and_o forfeiture_n shall_v be_v distribute_v the_o one_o three_o part_n to_o the_o poor_a of_o the_o town_n where_o the_o penalty_n fall_v the_o other_o three_o part_n to_o the_o accuser_n and_o the_o other_o three_o to_o the_o officer_n who_o shall_v challenge_v the_o execution_n to_o be_v do_v unless_o it_o be_v that_o the_o say_v forfeiture_n do_v exceed_v the_o sum_n of_o five_o thousand_o guilder_n in_o this_o case_n the_o one_o half_a shall_v be_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o common_a cause_n and_o the_o other_o half_o to_o be_v divide_v proportionable_o between_o the_o say_v three_o party_n and_o to_o the_o end_n the_o accuser_n herein_o may_v do_v his_o uttermost_a diligence_n his_o name_n and_o person_n shall_v be_v conceal_v so_o long_o as_o possible_a it_o may_v be_v 27_o and_o herein_o we_o understand_v that_o not_o only_o the_o person_n which_o have_v commit_v the_o say_a trespass_n shall_v be_v subject_a to_o answer_v for_o himself_o but_o also_o for_o they_o of_o his_o family_n the_o husband_n for_o his_o wife_n the_o parent_n for_o their_o child_n the_o master_n and_o mistress_n for_o their_o servant_n man_n or_o maid_n unless_o it_o be_v the_o say_v servant_n have_v do_v the_o same_o without_o their_o privity_n or_o knowledge_n 28_o and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o this_o our_o present_a ordinance_n may_v be_v keep_v and_o full_o accomplish_v in_o all_o her_o point_n we_o do_v order_n and_o command_v all_o the_o officer_n of_o our_o say_a province_n and_o every_o one_o in_o his_o office_n to_o have_v a_o especial_a care_n and_o regard_n of_o the_o infringer_n and_o transgressor_n of_o this_o our_o ordinance_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o before_o the_o magistrate_n of_o their_o jurisdiction_n without_o that_o the_o say_v forfeiture_n be_v any_o way_n diminish_v upon_o penalty_n to_o be_v depose_v of_o their_o office_n and_o ever_o after_o to_o be_v disable_v to_o serve_v in_o any_o office_n without_o that_o they_o may_v excuse_v themselves_o by_o ignorance_n or_o by_o a_o general_a transgression_n of_o our_o ordinance_n which_o excuse_n shall_v not_o be_v available_a unto_o they_o but_o our_o intention_n be_v to_o punish_v they_o for_o their_o negligence_n and_o sloth_n 29_o we_o do_v further_o command_v all_o magistrate_n and_o justice_n that_o set_v aside_o all_o other_o business_n and_o affair_n they_o do_v proceed_v herein_o summary_o only_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n be_v know_v to_o the_o condemnation_n of_o the_o transgressor_n as_o soon_o as_o by_o two_o witness_n they_o shall_v be_v convict_v and_o â—heerein_o shall_v the_o testimony_n of_o the_o like_a offender_n be_v admit_v and_o their_o sentence_n shall_v be_v without_o appeal_n or_o any_o prejudice_n 30_o we_o will_v and_o command_v that_o whensoever_o it_o shall_v manifest_o appear_v that_o the_o person_n have_v transgress_v and_o be_v find_v upon_o the_o fact_n or_o that_o by_o two_o witness_n the_o same_o can_v be_v prove_v against_o they_o the_o offendor_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o deposit_v the_o say_v forfeiture_n before_o he_o shall_v be_v admit_v to_o defend_v himself_o by_o the_o law_n whereunto_o he_o be_v to_o be_v compel_v instant_o by_o the_o apprehension_n of_o his_o person_n and_o otherwise_o and_o if_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o pay_v the_o say_a penalty_n he_o shall_v be_v punish_v by_o corporal_a punishment_n as_o the_o cause_n shall_v require_v 31_o the_o judge_n and_o magistrate_n shall_v have_v no_o authority_n to_o diminish_v or_o moderate_v their_o decree_n and_o sentence_n concern_v the_o say_a penalty_n upon_o forfeiture_n to_o pay_v themselves_o the_o double_a value_n thereof_o and_o if_o any_o of_o the_o say_a offender_n shall_v obtain_v of_o the_o high_a power_n any_o favour_n or_o abatement_n yet_o shall_v they_o be_v bind_v to_o satisfy_v the_o accuser_n and_o the_o officer_n for_o their_o say_a part_n proportionable_o according_a to_o the_o say_a forfeiture_n 32_o and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o our_o ordinance_n may_v be_v better_o observe_v we_o do_v will_v and_o order_n that_o the_o council_n of_o state_n of_o the_o say_a province_n unite_v shall_v call_v before_o they_o the_o receiver_n general_n of_o the_o say_v netherlands_o the_o receiver_n of_o the_o contribution_n confiscation_n and_o other_o ordinary_a mean_n which_o be_v let_v to_o farm_n or_o to_o be_v
according_a to_o the_o say_a custom_n if_o he_o be_v a_o substantial_a man_n of_o credit_n and_o reputation_n for_o although_o the_o say_v c._n d._n be_v the_o first_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n unto_o a._n b._n by_o the_o thousand_o ducat_n for_o venice_n and_o may_v allege_v that_o he_o receive_v no_o money_n of_o he_o but_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o venice_n whereof_o he_o have_v no_o advice_n whether_o it_o be_v accept_v or_o not_o yet_o such_o be_v the_o precise_a and_o commendable_a custom_n use_v in_o exchange_n that_o he_o may_v not_o stand_v upon_o any_o evasion_n or_o allegation_n which_o may_v interrupt_v the_o say_a course_n without_o manifest_a discredit_n unto_o he_o unless_o there_o be_v cause_n of_o doubt_n that_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n of_o a._n b._n shall_v not_o be_v accomplish_v at_o venice_n neither_o may_v a._n b._n without_o discredit_n countermand_v the_o payment_n of_o the_o thousand_o ducat_n at_o venice_n unless_o there_o be_v just_a cause_n to_o call_v the_o credit_n of_o c._n d._n in_o question_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o these_o exchange_n be_v usual_a in_o all_o the_o place_n of_o great_a exchange_n as_o lion_n bizanson_n madrill_n and_o venice_n where_o the_o most_o stand_a bank_n be_v and_o where_o they_o do_v get_v money_n ingenious_o by_o the_o calculation_n upon_o their_o payment_n at_o the_o fair_n or_o market_n by_o intermissive_a time_n either_o twice_o or_o thrice_o within_o the_o year_n in_o regard_n whereof_o and_o to_o avoid_v this_o observation_n in_o that_o strictness_n they_o have_v use_v to_o say_v in_o their_o bill_n of_o exchange_n per_fw-la la_fw-fr valuta_n cambiata_n for_o the_o value_n exchange_v with_o such_o a_o one_o exchange_v the_o value_n of_o money_n exchange_v and_o not_o for_o the_o value_n receive_v as_o aforesaid_a because_o they_o make_v their_o payment_n as_o it_o be_v all_o at_o one_o time_n which_o be_v otherwise_o in_o those_o place_n where_o no_o bank_n be_v keep_v or_o may_v be_v also_o in_o some_o of_o these_o place_n if_o the_o money_n be_v payable_a without_o the_o bank_n as_o we_o have_v note_v before_o many_o merchant_n traffic_v only_o in_o exchange_n become_v good_a observer_n and_o as_o ingenious_a as_o the_o banker_n themselves_o according_a to_o the_o adage_n fabricando_fw-la fabri_fw-la fimus_fw-la whereby_o they_o know_v the_o variation_n of_o their_o compass_n and_o the_o point_n to_o direct_v their_o course_n by_o observe_v the_o accidental_a cause_n of_o great_a payment_n of_o money_n to_o be_v make_v in_o some_o place_n and_o of_o employment_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o commodity_n in_o some_o other_o place_n or_o the_o scarcity_n of_o money_n for_o some_o place_n and_o the_o plenty_n for_o other_o place_n or_o the_o generality_n of_o both_o calling_z it_o as_o the_o spaniard_n say_v la_fw-fr placa_fw-la eâ—â—a_fw-la larga_fw-la lo_o estrecha_fw-la the_o exchange_n or_o place_n be_v straight_o or_o plenteous_a so_o that_o those_o merchant_n run_v with_o the_o stream_n can_v make_v their_o exchange_n beneficial_a unto_o themselves_o and_o that_o without_o stock_n or_o capital_a of_o their_o own_o but_o mere_o by_o take_v up_o money_n for_o one_o place_n and_o deliver_v the_o same_o for_o another_o place_n at_o a_o undervalue_v in_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n send_v many_o time_n the_o money_n in_o specie_fw-la which_o have_v be_v take_v up_o by_o exchange_n when_o the_o same_o do_v yield_v more_o than_o the_o price_n at_o which_o they_o take_v up_o the_o same_o as_o in_o our_o precedent_a treatise_n have_v be_v declare_v more_o ample_o this_o orderly_a course_n of_o payment_n or_o satisfaction_n to_o be_v make_v for_o bill_n of_o exchange_n do_v admit_v no_o rescounter_n or_o stoppage_n but_o voluntary_a voluntary_a rescounter_v in_o exchange_n be_v voluntary_a that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o i_o owe_v you_o one_o hundred_o pound_n by_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n by_o i_o accept_v and_o within_o three_o or_o four_o day_n you_o shall_v owe_v i_o the_o like_o hundred_o pound_n for_o another_o bill_n of_o exchange_n by_o you_o accept_v i_o can_v rescounter_v these_o payment_n to_o answer_v each_o other_o unless_o you_o condescend_v thereunto_o although_o the_o money_n be_v due_a to_o be_v pay_v but_o every_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v to_o be_v answer_v and_o pay_v in_o his_o proper_a nature_n for_o let_v we_o suppose_v that_o some_o countermand_n be_v make_v by_o he_o that_o cause_v this_o money_n to_o be_v make_v over_o unto_o you_o before_o you_o be_v to_o pay_v the_o say_a bill_n which_o for_o some_o cause_n you_o be_v to_o conceal_v for_o a_o time_n you_o be_v for_o all_o that_o to_o be_v pay_v of_o your_o hundred_o pound_n or_o the_o diligence_n which_o be_v requisite_a to_o be_v do_v herein_o be_v both_o way_n to_o be_v observe_v according_o but_o when_o it_o be_v do_v by_o voluntary_a consent_n and_o agreement_n then_o be_v it_o questionless_a for_o voluntas_fw-la est_fw-la mensura_fw-la actionum_fw-la etc._n will_n do_v regulate_v action_n etc._n etc._n the_o will_n do_v regulate_v the_o action_n and_o if_o any_o factor_n do_v the_o same_o for_o another_o man_n account_n without_o commission_n he_o shall_v be_v answerable_a for_o it_o as_o before_o be_v declare_v in_o the_o title_n of_o factor_n and_o servant_n and_o the_o commission_n give_v unto_o they_o for_o the_o better_a explanation_n of_o exchange_n for_o money_n take_v up_o for_o one_o place_n and_o deliver_v again_o for_o another_o place_n let_v we_o observe_v this_o example_n ten_o thousand_o ducat_n be_v take_v up_o at_o antuerp_n for_o venice_n at_o usance_n of_o two_o month_n at_o several_a price_n of_o 113_o ½_n penny_n 114_o penny_n and_o 115_o ½_n penny_n for_o the_o ducat_n be_v the_o medium_fw-la or_o one_o with_o another_o at_o 115_o penny_n make_v flemish_a money_n r._n 4791_o 13_o 4_o these_o r._n 4791_o 13_o 4_o money_n example_n of_o exchange_n and_o rechange_n of_o money_n be_v make_v over_o for_o london_n at_o usance_n be_v one_o month_n at_o diverse_a price_n whereof_o the_o medium_fw-la be_v 32_o shilling_n four_o penny_n and_o make_v 2875_o will_v 0_o ss_z 0_o do_v these_o r._n 2875_o sterling_a be_v receive_v and_o factoridge_n brokeridge_n and_o port_n of_o letter_n deduct_v remain_v 2860_o will_v which_o be_v make_v over_o for_o antuerp_n again_o at_o several_a price_n and_o the_o medium_fw-la be_v 34_o ss_z 2_o ½_n d._n 4894_o will_v 15_o 10_o the_o ten_o thousand_o ducat_n at_o venice_n be_v take_v up_o for_o frankford_n at_o 130_o florin_n of_o 65_o creutzer_n for_o 100_o ducat_n whereunto_o factoridge_n and_o brokeridge_n add_v it_o amount_v to_o 13130_o dollar_n or_o florin_n of_o sixty_o five_o creutzer_n and_o with_o brokeridge_n and_o factoridge_n at_o frankford_n be_v florin_n 13260_o flo._n 0_o ss_z 0_o do_v the_o 4894_o 15_o 10_o flemish_n receive_v in_o antuerp_n be_v make_v over_o for_o madrill_n in_o spain_n at_o diverse_a price_n whereof_o the_o medium_fw-la be_v 106_o penny_n for_o a_o ducat_n of_o 375_o maluedeis_fw-la to_o be_v pay_v in_o bank_n at_o four_o month_n time_n with_o five_o upon_o the_o thousand_o and_o make_v ducat_n 11132_o duc._n 12_o ss_z 6_o d_o these_o 11132_o ducat_n twelve_o shilling_n six_o penny_n of_o a_o ducat_n be_v make_v over_o from_o madrill_n to_o lixborne_n in_o portugal_n and_o deduct_v factoridge_n and_o brokeridge_n there_o remain_v 11010_o ducat_n of_o 440_o reas_n for_o every_o ducat_n of_o 375_o maluedeis_fw-la or_o 11_o ryalls_z be_v 4844_o u_o 620_o vlas_n and_o ducat_n 12111_o duc._n 11_o ss_z 0_o do_v these_o 12111_o ducat_n or_o crusat_n of_o lixborne_n make_v over_o to_o antuerp_n factoridge_n and_o brokeridge_n deduct_v remain_v 11990_o ducat_n at_o 98_o penny_n flemish_n every_o ducat_n or_o crusat_n be_v flemish_n r._n 4895_o 18_o 4_o the_o 13260_o florin_n of_o frankford_n take_v up_o for_o antuerp_n at_o 81_o penny_n r._n 4530_o 10_o 0_o  _fw-fr r._n 365_o 8_o 4_o these_o money_n pay_v brokeridge_n and_o factoridge_n for_o venice_n and_o deliver_v for_o london_n and_o for_o madrill_n 38_o two_o 4_o which_o must_v be_v deduct_v r._n 38_o 2_o 4_o so_o there_o be_v advance_v by_o industry_n with_o other_o man_n money_n r._n 327_o 6_o 0_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o feat_n of_o banker_n perform_v by_o exchange_n we_o have_v in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o book_n make_v a_o description_n of_o bank_n and_o banker_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o payment_n and_o exchange_n make_v in_o bank_n for_o commodity_n buy_v and_o sell_v and_o have_v in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n declare_v the_o four_o manner_n of_o exchange_n and_o the_o merchandize_v exchange_n by_o denomination_n of_o it_o to_o be_v the_o canker_n of_o england_n commonwealth_n let_v we_o now_o entreat_v of_o the_o feat_n of_o banker_n some_o man_n of_o judgement_n have_v find_v my_o writing_n
plenty_n the_o price_n thereof_o dear_a or_o by_o scarcity_n better_o cheap_a as_o have_v be_v note_v but_o exchange_n have_v a_o contrary_a means_n of_o work_v for_o plenty_n of_o money_n make_v a_o low_a exchange_n and_o scarcity_n of_o money_n make_v a_o high_a exchange_n and_o the_o price_n to_o rise_v which_o be_v of_o great_a consideration_n because_o it_o overrule_v money_n and_o commodity_n which_o never_o enter_v in_o the_o politic_a study_n of_o aristotle_n seneca_n or_o cicero_n who_o be_v but_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o trade_n and_o civilians_n can_v tell_v we_o that_o commercium_fw-la be_v quasi_fw-la commutatio_fw-la mercium_fw-la but_o go_v no_o further_o in_o this_o just_a and_o princely_a study_n of_o state_n affair_n to_o augment_v by_o all_o lawful_a mean_n of_o ius_n gentium_fw-la the_o wealth_n of_o their_o kingdom_n and_o territory_n as_o also_o to_o prevent_v the_o diminution_n thereof_o by_o the_o carry_v away_o of_o their_o money_n and_o treasure_n true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o statute_n law_n of_o england_n have_v have_v a_o care_n hereof_o but_o the_o remedy_n have_v be_v hitherto_o defective_a by_o mistake_v the_o efficient_a cause_n thereof_o which_o remedy_n may_v be_v distinguish_v three_o manner_n of_o way_n 1_o first_o the_o statute_n of_o employment_n for_o merchant_n stranger_n commodity_n commodity_n make_v for_o three_o especial_a cause_n 1_o for_o the_o advance_v of_o the_o price_n and_o sale_n of_o our_o native_a commodity_n 2_o to_o prevent_v the_o overballance_a of_o foreign_a commodity_n 3_o to_o preserve_v the_o money_n within_o the_o realm_n 14._o r._n 2._o 2_o the_o lodging_n of_o merchant_n stranger_n with_o free_a host_n who_o have_v a_o inspection_n in_o their_o negotiation_n for_o commodity_n and_o money_n 3_o the_o keep_n of_o staple_n for_o wool_n woolfel_n and_o other_o commodity_n beyond_o the_o sea_n with_o their_o corrector_n and_o broker_n to_o register_v merchant_n stranger_n deal_n 4_o to_o cause_n denizen_n to_o pay_v stranger_n custom_n inward_o and_o outward_o 5_o the_o sundry_a treaty_n and_o conference_n with_o the_o commissioner_n of_o other_o prince_n about_o merchandise_n money_n and_o exchange_n 6_o the_o severe_a proclamation_n for_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o statute_n make_v for_o and_o concern_v the_o same_o and_o the_o article_n of_o intercourse_n 7_o the_o prohibition_n to_o export_v commodity_n but_o at_o great_a port_n 8_o the_o prohibition_n for_o stranger_n to_o sell_v ware_n by_o retail_v 9_o the_o prohibition_n for_o english_a merchant_n to_o ship_n good_n in_o strange_a bottom_n 10_o the_o transportation_n of_o money_n make_v felony_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n money_n money_n 11_o the_o attendance_n of_o searcher_n waiter_n and_o other_o officer_n 12_o the_o strict_a information_n in_o the_o exchequer_n and_o other_o court_n 13_o the_o swear_n of_o the_o master_n of_o ship_n for_o exportation_n of_o money_n 14_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o overheavinesse_n of_o our_o pound_n weight_n troy_n in_o the_o tower_n 15_o the_o overrichnesse_n of_o our_o sterling_a standard_n of_o money_n 16_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o proportion_n between_o gold_n and_o silver_n 17_o the_o make_n of_o more_o price_n out_o of_o the_o pound_n troy_n by_o the_o sheyre_n 18_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n coin_n in_o price_n 19_o the_o embase_v of_o money_n by_o alloy_n or_o copper_n 20_o the_o use_n of_o many_o standard_n of_o money_n and_o reduce_v to_o two_o again_o 21_o the_o increase_n of_o coinage_n money_n to_o hinder_v the_o exportation_n 22_o the_o prohibition_n to_o cull_v out_o heavy_a piece_n to_o melt_v or_o transport_v 23_o the_o banish_n of_o light_a spanish_a money_n and_o gold_n to_o be_v melt_v 24_o the_o give_v more_o for_o bullion_n in_o the_o mint_n 25_o the_o prohibition_n for_o goldsmith_n to_o buy_v gold_n or_o bullion_n 26_o the_o make_n of_o the_o principal_a foreign_a coin_n currant_n in_o england_n 27_o the_o bind_v of_o merchant_n to_o bring_v in_o bullion_n 28_o the_o prohibition_n to_o pay_v gold_n unto_o merchant_n stranger_n 29_o the_o prohibition_n to_o take_v gain_n upon_o coin_n 30_o the_o bullion_n in_o the_o mint_n to_o be_v deliver_v by_o weight_n to_o restore_v by_o tale_n 31_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o gold_n and_o undervalue_v of_o silver_n 32_o the_o punishment_n of_o transporter_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n by_o fines_n 33_o exchange_n exchange_n the_o prohibition_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o make_v exchange_n for_o money_n for_o foreign_a part_n without_o the_o king_n especial_a licence_n 34_o money_n deliver_v to_o sir_n thomas_n gresham_n knight_n out_o of_o the_o exchequer_n to_o rule_v the_o course_n of_o exchange_n by_o bill_n 35_o the_o office_n of_o the_o king_n royal_a exchanger_n never_o put_v in_o practice_n since_o the_o merchandise_v exchange_n begin_v erect_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o in_o the_o eleven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n by_o a_o act_n make_v at_o acton_n burnell_n as_o aforesaid_a here_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v the_o statute_n of_o employment_n to_o be_v defective_a when_o merchant_n both_o english_a and_o stranger_n have_v a_o ability_n give_v they_o by_o exchange_n to_o take_v up_o money_n here_o and_o to_o deliver_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o it_o payable_a beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o can_v send_v over_o the_o money_n in_o specie_fw-la and_o be_v a_o great_a gainer_n thereby_o insomuch_o that_o if_o i_o receive_v here_o one_o hundred_o piece_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n i_o can_v send_v nintie_a piece_n to_o pay_v my_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o put_v ten_o piece_n in_o my_o pocket_n for_o a_o overplus_n and_o gain_n the_o like_a may_v be_v do_v by_o make_v over_o money_n from_o beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o be_v pay_v here_o by_o exchange_n which_o be_v receive_v i_o can_v transport_v with_o 15_o upon_o the_o hundred_o gain_n in_o two_o month_n and_o less_o and_o advance_v a_o hundred_o upon_o the_o hundred_o in_o one_o year_n which_o exceed_v all_o the_o benefit_n to_o be_v make_v by_o commodity_n wherewith_o i_o need_v not_o to_o intermeddle_v neither_o can_v the_o say_a statute_n be_v any_o help_n herein_o to_o remedy_v the_o same_o this_o gain_n arise_v by_o the_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o inhance_a and_o overualuation_n of_o foreign_a coin_n so_o that_o the_o cause_n be_v extrinsique_n and_o comprise_v under_o the_o say_a exchange_n of_o money_n and_o not_o intrinsique_n in_o the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o money_n which_o be_v consider_v in_o the_o course_n of_o true_a exchange_n between_o we_o and_o foreign_a nation_n and_o thereupon_o it_o follow_v that_o neither_o difference_n of_o weight_n fineness_n of_o standard_n proportion_n between_o gold_n and_o silver_n or_o their_o proper_a valuation_n of_o money_n can_v be_v any_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o exportation_n of_o our_o money_n so_o long_o as_o a_o due_a course_n be_v hold_v in_o the_o exchange_n which_o be_v ground_v thereupon_o hence_o arise_v the_o facility_n of_o the_o remedy_n by_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o exchange_n in_o cause_v our_o money_n to_o be_v true_o answer_v by_o exchange_n according_a to_o the_o very_a value_n or_o above_o the_o same_o which_o cut_v off_o the_o say_a gain_n have_v by_o the_o exportation_n of_o money_n and_o cause_v also_o in_o effect_n that_o the_o foreign_a coin_n beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o take_v in_o payment_n above_o their_o value_n although_o they_o be_v receive_v at_o a_o high_a rate_n because_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v sell_v according_a to_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n which_o counteruail_v the_o same_o according_a to_o their_o inhaunce_n of_o coin_n or_o embase_v of_o the_o same_o by_o allay_n or_o copper_n all_o man_n of_o common_a understanding_n when_o they_o do_v hear_v of_o the_o raise_n of_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v ready_a to_o say_v we_o must_v do_v the_o like_a for_o they_o conceive_v the_o say_n of_o cato_n tu_fw-la quoque_fw-la fac_fw-la simile_n sic_fw-la ars_fw-la deluditur_fw-la arte_fw-la to_o be_v a_o proper_a application_n hereunto_o but_o they_o do_v not_o enter_v into_o consideration_n what_o alteration_n it_o will_v bring_v to_o the_o state_n and_o that_o the_o matter_n may_v run_v ad_fw-la infinitum_fw-la as_o shall_v be_v declare_v but_o let_v we_o suppose_v that_o this_o will_v be_v a_o sufficient_a remedy_n to_o enhance_v or_o money_n as_o they_o do_v they_o to_o embase_v our_o coin_n as_o they_o do_v they_o and_o to_o imitate_v overualuation_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n as_o they_o do_v which_o require_v a_o continual_a labour_n charge_n and_o innovation_n be_v it_o not_o a_o excellent_a thing_n that_o all_o this_o can_v be_v do_v by_o the_o course_n of_o exchange_n with_o great_a facility_n and_o that_o without_o inhaunce_v of_o our_o money_n at_o home_n or_o meddle_v with_o the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n
against_o the_o law_n 5_o that_o they_o do_v not_o award_v any_o thing_n whereby_o any_o matter_n already_o determine_v by_o decree_n in_o chancery_n or_o judgement_n at_o the_o common_a law_n or_o any_o sentence_n judicial_o give_v in_o the_o cause_n be_v infringe_v or_o meddle_v withal_o these_o point_n ought_v to_o be_v observe_v for_o the_o reason_n follow_v for_o touch_v the_o first_o if_o the_o award_n be_v not_o deliver_v up_o in_o write_v under_o the_o arbitrator_n hand_n and_o seal_n if_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o bond_n do_v so_o limit_v the_o same_o then_o have_v they_o no_o authority_n to_o do_v the_o same_o after_o the_o time_n which_o be_v limit_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o party_n for_o the_o second_o point_n reason_n require_v in_o all_o humane_a action_n a_o reciprocal_a act_n from_o one_o man_n to_o another_o by_o deed_n of_o performance_n call_v quid_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la quo_fw-la the_o reason_n of_o quid_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la although_o it_o be_v a_o man_n sallarie_n for_o his_o pain_n which_o in_o some_o case_n cause_v man_n to_o award_v that_o each_o party_n shall_v pay_v so_o much_o to_o the_o scrivener_n or_o notary_n for_o write_v the_o say_a award_n but_o this_o be_v no_o collateral_a act_n between_o the_o party_n neither_o be_v it_o any_o matter_n compromit_v to_o the_o arbitrator_n it_o be_v therefore_o better_a to_o express_v and_o award_n that_o each_o party_n shall_v seal_v and_o deliver_v either_o general_a acquittance_n each_o to_o other_o or_o with_o some_o exception_n therein_o as_o the_o award_n will_v lead_v they_o the_o three_o point_n be_v considerable_a where_o the_o difference_n be_v by_o both_o party_n or_o either_o of_o they_o deliver_v in_o article_n in_o write_v to_o the_o arbitrator_n for_o herein_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o the_o say_a arbitrator_n shall_v have_v power_n and_o authority_n to_o determine_v all_o question_n difference_n doubt_n controversy_n matter_n of_o account_n reckon_n or_o any_o other_o usual_a or_o general_a word_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n until_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bond_n but_o they_o must_v give_v their_o award_n upon_o every_o particular_a article_n and_o upon_o all_o of_o they_o the_o four_o point_n that_o the_o arbitrator_n do_v not_o award_v any_o thing_n which_o be_v unlawful_a be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v evil_a in_o themselves_o call_v malum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la and_o of_o thing_n call_v evil_a because_o they_o be_v upon_o some_o respect_n and_o consideration_n prohibit_v and_o therefore_o term_v malum_fw-la prohibitum_fw-la as_o the_o wear_n of_o hat_n at_o all_o time_n transportation_n of_o corn_n eat_v of_o flesh_n in_o lent_n and_o the_o like_a wherein_o there_o be_v a_o further_a consideration_n which_o require_v a_o distinction_n as_o for_o example_n a_o arbitrator_n or_o many_o arbitrator_n do_v award_n law_n a_o notable_a good_a distinction_n in_o law_n that_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n shall_v be_v pay_v unto_o such_o a_o man_n during_o all_o the_o time_n he_o be_v unmarried_a be_v good_a in_o law_n but_o to_o bind_v the_o party_n by_o award_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o marry_v because_o he_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o money_n still_o be_v unlawful_a and_o void_a by_o the_o law_n the_o five_o point_n be_v of_o very_o great_a consequence_n to_o bind_v the_o action_n of_o man_n to_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o law_n whereunto_o such_o reverence_n be_v due_a that_o decree_n judgement_n and_o sentence_n of_o judicial_a court_n of_o record_n be_v always_o of_o a_o high_a nature_n than_o arbitrator_n award_v nevertheless_o in_o many_o doubtful_a question_n the_o civilians_n themselves_o after_o long_o and_o curious_a debate_n do_v assign_v they_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o arbitrator_n have_v skill_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n which_o always_o do_v intend_v expedition_n and_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n wherefore_o a_o umpire_n choose_v upon_o arbitrable_a matter_n authority_n a_o umpire_n have_v absolute_a authority_n have_v a_o absolute_a authority_n to_o himself_o give_v to_o end_v the_o matter_n alone_o without_o hear_v the_o arbitrator_n if_o he_o will_v for_o albeit_o this_o be_v not_o without_o some_o danger_n and_o that_o the_o end_n of_o arbitrator_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v yet_o brevity_n and_o expedition_n of_o justice_n in_o merchant_n affair_n be_v so_o much_o regard_v that_o by_o all_o mean_v the_o same_o aught_o to_o be_v further_v hence_o it_o proceed_v that_o the_o merchant_n court_n govern_v by_o prior_n and_o consul_n whereof_o we_o entreat_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n have_v authority_n to_o reform_v or_o confirm_v the_o sentence_n of_o arbitrator_n consul_n arbitrator_n award_v subject_a to_o the_o prior_n and_o consul_n when_o merchant_n will_v appeal_v their_o arbitrement_n before_o they_o rather_o than_o to_o go_v to_o law_n and_o with_o this_o proviso_n that_o the_o appellation_n of_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o say_a arbitrator_n shall_v not_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o say_a prior_n and_o consul_n before_o the_o arbitrement_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o party_n that_o do_v appeal_v conditional_o that_o restitution_n shall_v be_v make_v if_o there_o be_v cause_n upon_o the_o end_n of_o the_o process_n and_o the_o say_a prior_n and_o consul_n be_v to_o note_v that_o no_o merchant_n nor_o other_o be_v of_o their_o jurisdiction_n can_v transport_v or_o make_v over_o their_o interest_n to_o any_o person_n privilege_v and_o not_o subject_a to_o the_o say_a jurisdiction_n be_v it_o by_o gift_n sale_n or_o exchange_n or_o by_o any_o other_o mean_n to_o the_o end_n thereby_o to_o avoid_v their_o authority_n upon_o pain_n that_o the_o same_o transport_n or_o possessing_n shall_v be_v of_o no_o effect_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o right_n and_o cause_n and_o all_o notary_n who_o shall_v receive_v any_o such_o transport_n shall_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o say_a prior_n and_o consul_n in_o a_o penalty_n arbitrable_a and_o further_o shall_v be_v condemn_v to_o pay_v unto_o the_o adverse_a party_n all_o his_o cost_n and_o charge_n which_o he_o have_v sustain_v by_o mean_n thereof_o merchant_n reference_n of_o cause_n to_o merchant_n and_o to_o the_o end_n this_o expedition_n may_v by_o all_o mean_n be_v further_v the_o say_a prior_n and_o consul_n may_v distribute_v and_o refer_v cause_n unto_o the_o most_o ancient_a and_o expert_a merchant_n in_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n to_o make_v a_o true_a report_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o cause_n according_a to_o the_o allegation_n and_o proof_n of_o the_o party_n without_o any_o sallarie_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o say_a merchant_n howbeit_o in_o italy_n some_o reward_n be_v give_v upon_o the_o ricorse_n of_o merchant_n these_o merchant_n be_v to_o take_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o advocate_n council_n and_o attorney_n of_o the_o say_a prior_n and_o consul_n in_o matter_n difficult_a the_o better_a to_o discern_v the_o right_n of_o the_o cause_n to_o make_v their_o report_n more_o complete_a for_o the_o soon_o end_v of_o it_o according_a to_o reason_n and_o right_n by_o the_o true_a affirmation_n of_o the_o merchant_n and_o not_o by_o feign_a subtle_a and_o crafty_a writing_n which_o oftentimes_o do_v darken_v the_o truth_n under_o the_o colour_n of_o fair_a phrase_n declare_v in_o they_o cause_v protraction_n and_o delay_n arbitrator_n difference_n between_o ludge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o arbitrator_n marcus_n tullius_n cicero_n have_v true_o set_v down_o the_o difference_n which_o be_v between_o judge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o arbitrator_n incline_v to_o the_o most_o easy_a and_o less_o chargeable_a course_n say_v the_o one_o be_v servile_a the_o other_o be_v noble_a the_o one_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o law_n and_o the_o other_o be_v not_o the_o one_o do_v consist_v in_o fact_n the_o other_o in_o justice_n the_o one_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o magistrate_n the_o other_o be_v reserve_v to_o the_o law_n the_o one_o be_v write_v in_o the_o law_n the_o other_o be_v without_o the_o law_n the_o one_o be_v in_o the_o power_n and_o the_o other_o be_v without_o the_o power_n of_o magistrate_n howbeit_o it_o be_v not_o forbid_v but_o all_o justice_n of_o peace_n may_v compound_v difference_n and_o their_o authority_n do_v enable_v they_o better_o thereunto_o and_o in_o this_o regard_n it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o umpire_n do_v represent_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n authority_n because_o that_o the_o commissioner_n report_n of_o the_o master_n and_o other_o of_o the_o chancery_n or_o of_o merchant_n be_v the_o ground_n work_v whereupon_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n do_v deliver_v his_o sentence_n and_o make_v up_o his_o decree_n and_o the_o say_a commissioner_n have_v a_o further_a authority_n and_o power_n than_o arbitrator_n arbitrator_n difference_n between_o commissioner_n and_o arbitrator_n for_o they_o may_v examine_v witness_n upon_o oath_n upon_o
equity_n to_o be_v consider_v of_o the_o pay_v of_o custom_n imposition_n factoridge_n portage_n carriage_n and_o the_o like_a charge_n be_v much_o to_o be_v respect_v by_o they_o as_o also_o the_o execution_n of_o will_n and_o testament_n the_o publication_n of_o witness_n before_o they_o be_v without_o delay_n and_o no_o more_o witness_n be_v to_o be_v examine_v after_o the_o time_n of_o few_o day_n limit_v be_v expire_v consul_n sentence_n of_o the_o prior_n and_o consul_n but_o sentence_n be_v immediate_o to_o be_v give_v in_o writing_n after_o pronunciation_n clear_o make_v by_o they_o according_a to_o the_o proof_n and_o allegation_n upon_o pain_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o high_a court_n and_o in_o france_n by_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n upon_o reformation_n of_o their_o decree_n the_o manner_n of_o this_o summarie_a proceed_n be_v so_o brief_a that_o upon_o come_v of_o the_o party_n before_o they_o in_o person_n or_o by_o their_o attorney_n they_o be_v present_o to_o nominate_v their_o place_n of_o residence_n or_o else_o there_o be_v refusal_n make_v of_o their_o petition_n or_o demand_v then_o there_o be_v but_o one_o delay_n admit_v and_o in_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o bill_n of_o debt_n or_o obligation_n there_o be_v admit_v but_o one_o default_n after_o which_o the_o bill_n be_v hold_v as_o confess_v and_o avileable_a judge_n the_o authority_n of_o prior_n and_o consul_n be_v great_a than_o the_o authority_n of_o any_o judge_n wherein_o their_o authority_n be_v great_a than_o the_o authority_n of_o all_o other_o judge_n for_o their_o say_a ordinance_n do_v extend_v but_o to_o the_o adiourn_v of_o person_n and_o the_o say_a prior_n and_o consul_n upon_o one_o only_a default_n and_o notice_n leave_v at_o the_o lodging_n of_o the_o offendor_n may_v aver_v all_o bill_n and_o declare_v the_o same_o to_o be_v payable_a which_o notice_n be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o messenger_n or_o sergeant_n of_o the_o say_a office_n by_o fix_v the_o copy_n of_o the_o demand_n upon_o the_o door_n if_o he_o can_v find_v the_o person_n and_o by_o one_o witness_n or_o two_o to_o be_v affirm_v and_o hereupon_o they_o may_v seize_v upon_o the_o party_n good_n if_o his_o body_n be_v absent_a and_o can_v be_v imprison_v to_o pay_v and_o satisfy_v their_o say_a sentence_n and_o decree_n and_o thâ—_n good_n by_o they_o seize_v upon_o once_o warn_v give_v may_v be_v sell_v by_o they_o to_o that_o end_n if_o opposition_n be_v make_v against_o the_o seize_v sale_n or_o delivery_n of_o good_n or_o against_o the_o cry_n or_o interposition_n of_o decree_n or_o against_o any_o other_o chief_a point_n where_o opposition_n may_v be_v admit_v justice_n remain_v due_o garnish_v the_o party_n so_o oppose_v themselves_o shall_v be_v send_v to_o their_o judge_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o their_o province_n to_o declare_v before_o they_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o opposition_n and_o if_o the_o party_n adiourn_v do_v offer_n surety_n yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o shall_v be_v cause_v to_o garnish_v and_o lay_v down_o caution_n and_o then_o have_v power_n to_o call_v his_o surety_n so_o that_o the_o sentence_n or_o judgement_n to_o be_v give_v shall_v be_v against_o the_o principal_a debtor_n for_o the_o principal_a sum_n and_o against_o the_o surety_n for_o the_o charge_n damage_n and_o interest_n only_o and_o this_o surety_n be_v liable_a after_o one_o default_n also_o unless_o he_o put_v in_o a_o three_o man_n for_o surety_n to_o who_o also_o but_o one_o default_n can_v be_v allow_v how_o be_v it_o that_o â—ll_a delay_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o prior_n and_o consul_n use_v a_o diournment_n and_o delay_n use_v who_o will_v admit_v none_o but_o upon_o very_o pregnant_a cause_n and_o if_o they_o find_v to_o have_v grant_v any_o delay_n upon_o untrue_a suggestion_n they_o may_v impose_v a_o forfeiture_n upon_o the_o party_n according_a to_o their_o discretion_n and_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o person_n and_o in_o the_o proceed_n there_o may_v be_v two_o citation_n and_o adiournment_n sometime_o use_v by_o they_o use_v inquiry_n use_v especial_o upon_o inquiry_n where_o the_o witness_n be_v admit_v with_o the_o privity_n of_o the_o adverse_a party_n be_v call_v thereunto_o otherwise_o all_o the_o proceed_n be_v of_o no_o value_n the_o inquiry_n be_v to_o be_v do_v within_o a_o limit_a time_n and_o may_v once_o be_v prolong_v upon_o especial_a cause_n and_o not_o otherwise_o all_o lawful_a proof_n must_v be_v do_v before_o they_o summary_o within_o three_o day_n without_o any_o further_a protraction_n unless_o there_o be_v manifest_a contradiction_n and_o that_o by_o default_n thereof_o they_o pay_v the_o penalty_n to_o be_v impose_v impose_v penalty_n impose_v the_o like_a penalty_n be_v to_o be_v impose_v if_o the_o party_n do_v produce_v any_o frivolous_a thing_n in_o writing_n for_o there_o be_v always_o expedition_n and_o brevity_n intend_v in_o all_o their_o proceed_n office_n the_o register_n office_n the_o register_n of_o the_o say_a prior_n and_o consul_n be_v to_o keep_v a_o little_a inventory_n of_o all_o the_o writing_n that_o shall_v be_v produce_v and_o shall_v cause_v the_o party_n that_o do_v produce_v they_o to_o write_v their_o name_n upon_o every_o one_o of_o they_o and_o the_o say_a register_n be_v not_o to_o take_v out_o any_o copy_n of_o matter_n of_o moment_n out_o of_o the_o inventory_n of_o the_o say_a writing_n neither_o for_o the_o one_o party_n nor_o for_o the_o other_o but_o only_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o end_n wherefore_o the_o say_v writing_n be_v produce_v upon_o a_o penalty_n etc._n etc._n etc._n charge_n and_o damage_n to_o be_v tax_v etc._n etc._n all_o charge_n and_o damage_n shall_v be_v tax_v by_o the_o prior_n and_o consul_n and_o be_v pay_v or_o the_o party_n imprison_v not_o to_o be_v release_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o party_n and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o this_o course_n to_o determine_v cause_n be_v the_o short_a and_o most_o peremptory_a of_o all_o devise_n invention_n and_o mean_n which_o can_v be_v imagine_v i_o have_v think_v convenient_a to_o set_v down_o the_o french_a king_n edict_n concern_v the_o same_o as_o the_o most_o complete_a a_o edict_n make_v by_o the_o french_a king_n concern_v the_o court_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o prior_n and_o consul_n of_o rouen_n henry_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o france_n to_o all_o manner_n of_o person_n of_o what_o estate_n soever_o greeting_n as_o we_o have_v be_v heretofore_o advertise_v that_o our_o city_n of_o rouen_n be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a city_n in_o all_o our_o kingdom_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o situation_n and_o aptness_n for_o all_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n where_o diverse_a merchant_n as_o well_o of_o this_o our_o realm_n as_o of_o many_o other_o nation_n do_v usual_o hold_v a_o intercourse_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v for_o the_o continuance_n and_o propagation_n of_o which_o trade_n there_o have_v of_o late_a by_o our_o letter_n missive_a be_v erect_v and_o establish_v in_o the_o same_o city_n a_o common_a place_n for_o merchant_n and_o their_o factor_n to_o assemble_v themselves_o in_o twice_o every_o day_n at_o the_o hour_n accustom_v to_o dispatch_v their_o affair_n and_o negotiation_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o be_v common_o use_v in_o the_o change_n at_o lion_n thoulouze_n change_v at_o lion_n bourse_n of_o thoulouze_n and_o the_o bourse_n at_o thoulouze_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n of_o other_o country_n may_v more_o ready_o be_v transport_v and_o exchange_v away_o with_o those_o which_o our_o own_o bring_v forth_o be_v it_o therefore_o know_v to_o all_o man_n that_o we_o through_o our_o ardent_a zeal_n and_o desire_n that_o we_o carry_v to_o advance_v the_o general_a good_a of_o our_o say_a city_n of_o rouen_n and_o to_o augment_v the_o common_a benefit_n and_o ease_v of_o all_o merchant_n negotiate_v there_o and_o in_o all_o thing_n possible_a to_o gratify_v they_o that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v distract_v and_o draw_v from_o their_o affair_n and_o business_n into_o sundry_a court_n and_o jurisdiction_n by_o mean_n of_o suit_n and_o variance_n arise_v at_o any_o time_n about_o their_o traffic_n by_o the_o deliberate_a advice_n of_o our_o privy_a council_n together_o with_o diverse_a nobleman_n and_o prince_n of_o our_o blood_n beside_o other_o great_a and_o honourable_a personage_n of_o our_o own_o proper_a motion_n assure_a knowledge_n and_o regal_a authority_n have_v approve_v and_o confirm_v and_o by_o these_o present_n do_v approve_v and_o confirm_v the_o make_n and_o establish_v of_o the_o say_v common_a place_n in_o that_o our_o city_n of_o rouen_n instant_o ratify_v the_o same_o in_o all_o point_n with_o the_o change_n of_o lion_n and_o bourse_n of_o thoulouze_n will_v and_o ordain_v and_o our_o pleasure_n be_v that_o
and_o to_o conclude_v concern_v fraightment_n and_o charterpaâ—ties_n let_v we_o observe_v that_o equity_n in_o all_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o especial_o in_o sea-fairing_n cause_n and_o cavillation_n be_v to_o be_v avoid_v as_o for_o example_n a_o merchant_n freight_v a_o ship_n with_o all_o his_o furniture_n by_o the_o month_n and_o put_v into_o she_o the_o master_n and_o mariner_n and_o victual_v the_o same_o at_o his_o charge_n and_o make_v a_o charterpartie_n with_o the_o owner_n promise_v to_o pay_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o furniture_n twenty_o pound_n every_o month_n at_o her_o return_n into_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n and_o so_o lade_v in_o she_o for_o the_o strait_n regard_v equity_n in_o seafaring_a cause_n much_o to_o be_v regard_v and_o to_o go_v from_o port_n to_o port_n in_o several_a place_n with_o merchandise_n and_o after_o two_o year_n or_o thereabouts_o have_v take_v her_o lade_n in_o barbary_n come_v for_o london_n and_o by_o storm_n and_o tempest_n the_o ship_n be_v cast_v away_o near_o dover_n and_o the_o good_n be_v save_v hereupon_o the_o merchant_n deny_v to_o pay_v the_o freight_n monthly_o to_o be_v reckon_v because_o the_o ship_n do_v not_o arrive_v in_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n according_a to_o the_o word_n in_o the_o charterpartie_n herein_o the_o owner_n be_v much_o wrong_v for_o the_o money_n be_v due_a monthly_a and_o the_o place_n be_v name_v only_o to_o signify_v the_o time_n when_o the_o money_n be_v due_a to_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o ship_n deserve_v wage_n like_a unto_o a_o labourer_n or_o like_o a_o mariner_n which_o serve_v by_o the_o month_n who_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o time_n he_o have_v serve_v although_o he_o die_v before_o the_o voyage_n be_v end_v as_o we_o find_v daily_o that_o the_o east-indies_n company_n pay_v to_o their_o wife_n or_o friend_n the_o labourer_n be_v worthy_a of_o his_o hire_n the_o ship_n be_v not_o freight_v by_o the_o great_a to_o run_v that_o adventure_n which_o be_v note_v before_o neither_o be_v she_o want_v her_o furniture_n of_o cable_n anchor_n sail_n rope_n or_o any_o thing_n whereby_o she_o be_v disable_v to_o perform_v the_o voyage_n and_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o cast_v away_o for_o if_o it_o be_v so_o then_o there_o be_v great_a cause_n give_v to_o deny_v the_o payment_n of_o the_o freight_n again_o where_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o say_a owner_n have_v make_v assurance_n upon_o the_o ship_n for_o more_o than_o the_o same_o be_v worth_a and_o do_v thereby_o recover_v of_o the_o assuror_n a_o benefit_n towards_o his_o loss_n this_o do_v not_o concern_v the_o merchant_n but_o the_o assuror_n and_o if_o the_o assurance_n be_v orderly_o make_v the_o say_a assuror_n have_v pay_v the_o same_o due_o that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o the_o policy_n or_o writing_n of_o assurance_n do_v declare_v that_o the_o owner_n do_v value_v his_o ship_n in_o such_o a_o sum_n whereof_o hereafter_o you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o proper_a place_n entreat_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o assurance_n a_o merchant_n value_v one_o barrel_n of_o saffroh_n at_o 1000_o will_v have_v private_o put_v so_o much_o in_o gold_n in_o the_o same_o the_o gold_n be_v take_v but_o the_o saffron_n be_v deliver_v and_o the_o assuror_n do_v pay_v for_o the_o gold_n and_o the_o like_a be_v for_o pearl_n or_o other_o thing_n so_o value_v item_n when_o coffer_n pack_n or_o pipe_n and_o other_o mark_v commodity_n or_o good_n be_v deliver_v close_o pack_v or_o seal_v and_o afterward_o shall_v be_v receive_v open_a and_o loose_a the_o master_n be_v to_o be_v charge_v for_o it_o until_o a_o due_a trial_n and_o that_o consideration_n thereof_o be_v have_v he_o must_v also_o answer_v for_o the_o harm_n which_o rat_n do_v in_o the_o ship_n to_o any_o merchandise_n for_o want_n of_o a_o cat._n the_o merchant_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v to_o be_v bind_v by_o the_o say_a charterpartie_n to_o pay_v the_o freight_n of_o the_o good_n by_o he_o lade_v either_o by_o the_o last_o tun_n or_o by_o the_o pack_n and_o fardel_n according_a to_o the_o agreement_n account_v for_o a_o last_o tun_n or_o other_o thing_n after_o the_o rate_n of_o a_o tun_n lade_v wherein_o pesterable_a ware_n which_o take_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o room_n be_v except_v and_o must_v be_v agree_v for_o and_o the_o good_n lade_v be_v liable_a for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o freight_n the_o merchant_n likewise_o do_v covenant_n to_o pay_v pilotage_n if_o a_o pilot_n be_v use_v to_o bring_v the_o ship_n into_o the_o harbour_n also_o primage_n and_o petilodmanidge_n to_o the_o master_n for_o the_o use_n of_o his_o cable_n to_o discharge_v the_o good_n petilodmenidge_n pilotage_n primage_n petilodmenidge_n and_o to_o the_o mariner_n to_o charge_n and_o discharge_v they_o which_o may_v be_v six_o penny_n or_o twelve_o penny_n for_o the_o tun_n lade_v with_o some_o other_o clause_n and_o agreement_n make_v between_o the_o say_a merchant_n and_o master_n wherein_o it_o be_v not_o a_o miss_n to_o limit_v a_o good_a sum_n of_o money_n on_o either_o side_n to_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o charterpartie_n and_o to_o covenant_n the_o same_o by_o the_o say_a charterpartie_n whereof_o i_o do_v here_o prescribe_v but_o one_o form_n consider_v the_o diversity_n of_o condition_n therein_o use_v as_o the_o merchant_n and_o master_n can_v agree_v which_o every_o scrivener_n do_v usual_o make_v according_o as_o in_o this_o chapter_n be_v rehearse_v *_o âŽ_o *_o chap._n xxii_o of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n his_o power_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o master_n to_o the_o merchant_n oleron_n law_n of_o oleron_n the_o whole_a power_n and_o charge_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o master_n require_v a_o stay_a man_n and_o of_o experience_n whereunto_o the_o owner_n be_v to_o take_v great_a heed_n for_o his_o power_n be_v describe_v partly_o by_o the_o owner_n or_o setter_n forth_o of_o the_o ship_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o common-law_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o mean_n and_o virtue_n whereof_o the_o master_n may_v if_o need_v be_v borrow_v money_n in_o a_o strange_a country_n with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o company_n upon_o some_o of_o the_o tackle_n or_o furniture_n of_o the_o ship_n or_o else_o sell_v some_o of_o the_o merchant_n good_n provide_v that_o the_o merchant_n be_v repay_v again_o at_o the_o high_a price_n that_o the_o like_a good_n be_v sell_v for_o at_o the_o market_n which_o be_v do_v the_o freight_n of_o those_o good_n so_o sell_v and_o repay_v shall_v be_v also_o repay_v by_o the_o master_n to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n aswell_o as_o the_o freight_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o merchant_n good_n except_o the_o ship_n perish_v in_o the_o voyage_n in_o this_o case_n only_o the_o price_n that_o the_o good_n be_v buy_v for_o shall_v be_v render_v and_o for_o no_o other_o cause_n may_v the_o master_n take_v up_o money_n or_o sell_v any_o of_o the_o merchant_n good_n although_o it_o be_v in_o the_o danger_n of_o shipwreck_n etc._n the_o duty_n of_o a_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n etc._n etc._n such_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o master_n of_o a_o ship_n that_o be_v provident_a that_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o make_v sail_n and_o put_v forth_o to_o sea_n without_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o most_o part_n of_o his_o company_n especial_o when_o the_o weather_n be_v stormy_a otherwise_o he_o shall_v answer_v the_o damage_n that_o come_v thereby_o principal_o if_o he_o have_v not_o provide_v a_o expert_a pilot_n or_o if_o the_o ship_n happen_v to_o fall_v over_o in_o the_o harbour_n the_o master_n shall_v be_v punish_v also_o by_o damage_n if_o the_o overloope_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v untyth_n or_o the_o pump_n be_v faulty_a or_o a_o sufficient_a cover_n be_v want_v especial_o for_o corn_n victual_v and_o such_o like_a commodity_n he_o be_v also_o before_o his_o departure_n to_o deliver_v the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o person_n which_o he_o be_v to_o transport_v and_o of_o his_o mariner_n which_o with_o we_o be_v but_o late_o establish_v and_o at_o his_o return_n he_o be_v to_o deliver_v a_o true_a inventory_n of_o the_o good_n of_o any_o person_n which_o shall_v happen_v to_o depart_v this_o life_n in_o that_o voyage_n not_o only_o because_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n may_v have_v intelligence_n of_o it_o but_o also_o because_o their_o good_n may_v be_v safe_a and_o forthcoming_a for_o one_o whole_a year_n of_o which_o good_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o bed_n and_o appurtenance_n may_v be_v take_v by_o the_o master_n and_o his_o mate_n to_o their_o use_n as_o also_o such_o clothing_n and_o other_o thing_n then_o upon_o his_o body_n may_v be_v deliver_v to_o the_o boatman_n and_o the_o
occasion_n to_o ask_v he_o pix_n trial_o of_o the_o pix_n whether_o the_o last_o and_o supreme_a trial_n of_o the_o money_n which_o be_v make_v common_o once_o a_o year_n before_o the_o lord_n at_o the_o star-chamber_n be_v do_v in_o like_a manner_n and_o he_o answer_v i_o it_o be_v and_o withal_o he_o desire_v i_o to_o resolve_v the_o question_n between_o the_o warden_n and_o the_o mintmaster_n concern_v the_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n hide_v from_o report_n as_o it_o be_v suppose_v according_a to_o our_o former_a conference_n i_o tell_v he_o that_o according_a to_o the_o issue_n join_v between_o he_o and_o i_o that_o the_o mintmaster_n have_v not_o pocket_v up_o any_o such_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n as_o his_o account_n be_v charge_v withal_o i_o will_v make_v that_o plain_a by_o demonstration_n which_o he_o say_v be_v his_o desire_n whereupon_o i_o frame_v my_o answer_n as_o follow_v money_n four_o assay_n of_o bullion_n and_o money_n i_o make_v no_o doubt_n sir_n but_o you_o have_v mark_v my_o observation_n of_o the_o four_o several_a assay_n make_v concern_v bullion_n and_o money_n namely_o the_o first_o of_o the_o ingot_n before_o melt_v the_o second_o of_o the_o pot_n assay_v after_o melt_v the_o three_o of_o the_o money_n complete_a make_v thereof_o and_o the_o four_o and_o supreme_a trial_n of_o money_n at_o the_o star-chamber_n as_o it_o be_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n all_o which_o be_v do_v in_o manner_n alike_o you_o have_v from_o time_n to_o time_n tell_v i_o that_o their_o operation_n or_o effect_n be_v also_o alike_o for_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o ingot_n there_o the_o copple_n have_v drink_v in_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n for_o the_o pot_n assay_v there_o two_o penny_n weight_n be_v drink_v in_o also_o the_o assay_v make_v of_o the_o complete_a money_n have_v drink_v in_o the_o like_o two_o penny_n weight_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o high_a trial_n of_o all_o have_v drink_v in_o the_o like_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o silver_n how_o can_v it_o then_o be_v pocket_v up_o by_o the_o mintmaster_n when_o it_o be_v in_o the_o bullion_n remain_v in_o the_o pot_n find_v in_o the_o money_n and_o confirm_v to_o be_v so_o by_o the_o supreme_a trial_n and_o why_o shall_v the_o mint-master_n account_v be_v charge_v either_o with_o a_o imaginary_a or_o substantial_a thing_n which_o he_o never_o have_v or_o enjoy_v resolution_n a_o tacite_fw-la resolution_n to_o this_o the_o assay-master_n answer_v rather_o by_o sign_n than_o word_n say_v it_o be_v otherwise_o take_v and_o understand_v and_o himself_o take_v now_o better_a notice_n of_o it_o and_o wish_v that_o truth_n may_v prevail_v according_a to_o the_o say_n magna_fw-la est_fw-la veritas_fw-la praevalet_fw-la praevaluit_fw-la &_o praevalebit_fw-la and_o so_o end_v our_o suppose_a discourse_n now_o let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o mint_n beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o recompense_v they_o that_o may_v take_v offence_n for_o discuss_v the_o premise_n and_o let_v we_o be_v like_o nathaniel_n in_o who_o there_o be_v no_o guile_n qui_fw-la vadit_fw-la planè_fw-la vadit_fw-la sanè_fw-la howbeit_o discretion_n be_v requisite_a the_o assay_n beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v most_o make_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o mark_n which_o be_v eight_o ounce_n troy_n and_o they_o take_v twenty_o grain_n to_o make_v their_o assay_n by_o which_o be_v correspondent_a with_o our_o fifteen_o grain_n us._n thirty_o two_o grain_n beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v more_o than_o 24_o grain_n with_o us._n for_o they_o divide_v their_o english_a or_o penny_n weight_n in_o thirty_o two_o ass_n or_o grain_n which_o from_o twenty_o four_o unto_o thirty_o two_o differ_v one_o three_o part_n so_o be_v fifteen_o unto_o twenty_o also_o a_o three_o part_n for_o this_o mark_n weight_n of_o eight_o ounce_n be_v twofold_a the_o one_o be_v call_v english_a weight_n and_o the_o other_o french_a weight_n in_o the_o low_a country_n but_o the_o english_a weight_n be_v most_o use_v which_o be_v divide_v into_o eight_o ounce_n every_o ounce_n twenty_o english_a or_o penny_n weight_n mark_n english_a mark_n and_o every_o english_a thirty_o two_o grain_n as_o aforesaid_a be_v 5120_o grain_n to_o the_o mark_n this_o mark_n and_o one_o half_a make_v within_o a_o little_a our_o twelve_o ounce_n troy_n for_o the_o pound_n weight_n be_v in_o grain_n 7680._o the_o french_a weight_n call_v penny_n weight_n be_v also_o eight_o ounce_n mark_n french_a mark_n every_o ounce_n four_o and_o twenty_o penny_n weight_n and_o every_o penny_n weight_n twenty_o four_o grain_n be_v 6912_o grain_n for_o the_o twelve_o ounce_n or_o 4608_o grain_n for_o the_o eight_o ounce_n these_o grain_n be_v also_o divide_v in_o twenty_o four_o garobe_n or_o prime_n and_o the_o prime_n in_o twenty_o four_o second_o and_o the_o second_o in_o 24_o tercy_n or_o malloquen_n which_o be_v superfluous_a notwithstanding_o all_o the_o say_a weight_n and_o division_n to_o make_v assay_n they_o use_v another_o weight_n weight_n assay_v weight_n which_o every_o man_n make_v according_a to_o his_o fancy_n but_o most_o common_o they_o will_v divide_v the_o mark_n in_o twelve_o denier_n or_o penny_n and_o the_o penny_n into_o twenty_o four_o grain_n and_o then_o grain_n subdivide_v of_o paper_n make_v ⅛_n 1_o 10_o and_o 1_o 32_o part_n of_o a_o grain_n which_o concur_v near_a with_o our_o assay_n weight_n for_o if_o one_o pound_n of_o silver_n do_v contain_v 1_o 12_o part_n copper_n they_o call_v this_o eleven_o denier_n fine_a as_o we_o say_v eleven_o ounce_n fine_a for_o the_o gold_n likewise_o they_o do_v use_v the_o same_o weight_n account_v for_o every_o denier_n or_o penny_n weight_n two_o carrat_n so_o twenty_o four_o carrat_n for_o twelve_o denier_n or_o ounce_n and_o consequent_o eleven_o denier_n be_v twenty_o two_o carrat_n etc._n etc._n so_o the_o gold_n mark_n be_v twenty_o four_o carrat_n mark_n gold_n mark_n silver_n mark_n a_o carrot_fw-la be_v twelve_o grain_n so_o 288_o in_o the_o mark_n so_o the_o silver_n mark_v of_o twelve_o denier_n of_o twenty_o four_o grain_n be_v 288_o grain_n also_o which_o be_v big_a grain_n divide_v into_o four_o prime_n or_o siliquas_fw-la be_v 1152._o they_o use_v also_o a_o manner_n of_o speech_n to_o say_v twelve_o shilling_n to_o the_o mark_n pound_n pound_n mark_v pound_n every_o shilling_n twelve_o penny_n and_o every_o penny_n twenty_o four_o grain_n be_v 3456_o grain_n in_o the_o mark_n all_o which_o be_v do_v to_o make_v the_o knowledge_n of_o these_o thing_n intricate_a in_o like_a manner_n for_o the_o sheir_a of_o their_o money_n money_n shire_n money_n they_o will_v for_o every_o piece_n make_v a_o penny_n as_o if_o there_o be_v make_v seventie_o eight_o piece_n out_o of_o a_o mark_n they_o will_v say_v it_o ☞_o hold_v six_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n in_o the_o shire_n or_o for_o 62_o piece_n five_o shilling_n two_o penny_n and_o so_o obscure_a thing_n to_o take_v advantage_n upon_o other_o for_o the_o mint-master_n of_o the_o low_a country_n and_o germany_n be_v very_o experience_v in_o mint_n matter_n and_o the_o assay_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o grain_n may_v deceive_v much_o if_o by_o trial_n the_o calculation_n be_v not_o right_o make_v and_o if_o the_o say_a mint-master_n be_v not_o subtle_a yet_o the_o general_n which_o follow_v the_o prince_n or_o state_n do_v nothing_o else_o but_o study_n these_o thing_n always_o therefore_o let_v we_o observe_v more_o particular_n of_o their_o proceed_n as_o follow_v in_o the_o make_n of_o coin_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n they_o will_v use_v many_o time_n to_o make_v piece_n of_o fine_a gold_n and_o courser_n gold_n as_o the_o imperial_a royal_a and_o the_o half_a royal_a the_o one_o twenty_o three_o carrat_n 3_o ½_n grain_n and_o the_o other_o but_o eighteen_o carrat_n or_o the_o flanders_n crown_n of_o 22_o carrat_n in_o germany_n the_o ducat_n and_o the_o gold_n guildren_n which_o for_o work_n be_v mix_v be_v serviceable_a admit_v by_o connivance_n the_o melt_a of_o the_o money_n rather_o than_o for_o want_v of_o it_o bullion_n shall_v not_o be_v bring_v to_o their_o mint_n therefore_o they_o also_o take_v little_a for_o the_o coinage_n because_o it_o shall_v soon_o come_v unto_o they_o than_o unto_o other_o minter_n where_o the_o coinage_n or_o seignoriage_n be_v great_a and_o albeit_o the_o same_o be_v but_o small_a yet_o will_v they_o find_v mean_n to_o make_v other_o prince_n to_o pay_v the_o same_o transportation_n money_n make_v for_o transportation_n and_o cause_n money_n to_o be_v make_v for_o transportation_n especial_o for_o the_o east_n country_n to_o buy_v corn_n to_o bring_v the_o same_o unto_o their_o magazine_n whereby_o trade_n be_v increase_v and_o spain_n and_o portugal_n supply_v the_o same_o by_o suffer_v money_n to_o be_v
a_o dog_n use_v to_o bite_v or_o gnaw_v upon_o a_o bone_n so_o that_o he_o that_o bit_v not_o do_v not_o commit_v usury_n for_o usury_n be_v none_o other_o thing_n than_o a_o bite_n as_o i_o say_v of_o the_o very_a etymology_n and_o proper_a nature_n of_o the_o word_n otherwise_o it_o can_v be_v call_v neshech_n as_o the_o hebrician_n say_v according_a to_o the_o definition_n then_o of_o bite_a usury_n we_o be_v to_o proceed_v in_o this_o discourse_n after_o that_o we_o have_v brief_o declare_v the_o law_n and_o prohibition_n against_o usury_n wherein_o we_o must_v begin_v with_o the_o holy_a scripture_n observe_v these_o place_n god_n say_v in_o the_o 22_o of_o exodus_fw-la scripture_n holy_a scripture_n if_o thou_o lend_v money_n to_o any_o of_o my_o people_n that_o be_v poor_a by_o thou_o thou_o shall_v not_o be_v a_o usurer_n unto_o he_o neither_o shall_v thou_o oppress_v he_o with_o usury_n in_o another_o place_n 25._o levit._fw-la 25._o if_o thy_o brother_n be_v wax_v poor_a and_o fall_v into_o decay_n with_o thou_o receive_v he_o as_o a_o stranger_n or_o a_o soiourner_n 23._o deut._n 23._o and_o let_v he_o live_v by_o thou_o and_o thou_o shall_v take_v no_o usury_n of_o he_o nor_o yet_o advantage_n but_o shall_v fear_v thy_o god_n that_o thy_o brother_n may_v live_v with_o thou_o 6._o psal._n 15â—_n ezech._n 18._o matt._n 5._o luke_n 6._o thou_o shall_v not_o lend_v he_o thy_o money_n upon_o usury_n or_o lend_v he_o of_o thy_o food_n to_o have_v a_o advantage_n by_o it_o add_v unto_o this_o the_o place_n note_v in_o the_o margin_n and_o so_o let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o holy_a ancient_a father_n saint_n hierome_n say_v there_o be_v no_o difference_n betwixt_o usury_n fraud_n and_o violent_a rob_v father_n ancient_a father_n saint_n augustine_n say_v a_o usurer_n be_v he_o say_v to_o be_v who_o do_v demand_v more_o in_o money_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n else_o than_o he_o have_v deliver_v according_a to_o which_o the_o say_a saint_n hierome_n also_o say_v that_o some_o do_v think_v usury_n to_o be_v only_o in_o money_n but_o let_v they_o well_o understand_v that_o usury_n be_v a_o overplus_n in_o any_o thing_n above_o that_o which_o be_v lend_v mortis_fw-la amb._n de_fw-fr beno_fw-la mortis_fw-la saint_n ambrose_n likewise_o say_v if_o any_o man_n take_v usury_n he_o do_v commit_v extortion_n rapine_n and_o pillage_n and_o shall_v not_o live_v the_o life_n as_o who_o shall_v say_v he_o shall_v die_v therefore_o to_o omit_v many_o other_o of_o the_o say_v ancient_a father_n saint_n bernard_n say_v that_o the_o vsuror_n be_v a_o thief_n in_o law_n because_o the_o civil_a law_n tell_v he_o before_o hand_n what_o it_o be_v that_o he_o must_v rob_v from_o other_o as_o who_o shall_v say_v such_o law_n as_o permit_v vsuror_n be_v lawful_a theevery_n law_n canon_n law_n hereupon_o the_o canonist_n have_v make_v vsuror_n to_o be_v defame_v person_n and_o if_o any_o man_n make_v by_o his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n any_o good_n unto_o they_o the_o testament_n may_v be_v break_v neither_o be_v they_o to_o communicate_v with_o christian_n or_o to_o enter_v into_o their_o congregation_n to_o offer_v any_o oblation_n and_o when_o they_o be_v dead_a they_o shall_v not_o be_v bury_v in_o christian_a burial_n and_o if_o they_o be_v the_o doer_n thereof_o be_v excommunicate_v decretal_n decretal_n decretal_n and_o clementines_n make_v by_o diverse_a pope_n be_v direct_o against_o usury_n alexander_n the_o pope_n do_v straight_o forbid_v all_o usury_n not_o only_o unto_o the_o clergy_n but_o also_o unto_o the_o laiety_n in_o the_o book_n sextus_n decretalium_fw-la gregory_n the_o ten_o bishop_n of_o rome_n of_o that_o name_n say_v we_o be_v desirous_a to_o stop_v the_o gulf_n or_o whirlpool_n of_o usury_n commit_v which_o do_v devour_v soul_n and_o utter_o waste_v wealth_n do_v command_n upon_o the_o threaten_n of_o god_n curse_n that_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o latter_a concile_v set_v forth_o against_o vsuror_n be_v without_o any_o violation_n at_o all_o full_o &_o whole_o observe_v and_o thereupon_o a_o prohibition_n be_v make_v that_o no_o corporation_n college_n or_o university_n shall_v let_v any_o house_n or_o dwell_v place_n to_o any_o strange_a vsuror_n law_n civil_a law_n baldus_n the_o civilian_n speak_v bitter_o against_o vsuror_n in_o his_o book_n of_o counsel_n say_v that_o usury_n be_v a_o gainful_a piracie_n contrary_a to_o nature_n upon_o the_o loan_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o consist_v upon_o number_n weight_n and_o measure_n bartolus_n say_v that_o all_o usury_n be_v utter_o forbid_v and_o offensive_a to_o god_n and_o man_n so_o do_v panormitane_n and_o diverse_a other_o learn_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n aristotle_n aristotle_n aristotle_n in_o his_o politics_n say_v that_o such_o money_n as_o bring_v forth_o money_n through_o usury_n be_v a_o ugly_a beast_n that_o bring_v forth_o monster_n from_o time_n to_o time_n such_o as_o be_v not_o in_o nature_n the_o roman_n be_v in_o their_o most_o flourish_a estate_n make_v a_o law_n by_o their_o twelve_o table_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v put_v forth_o money_n upon_o usury_n but_o after_o one_o in_o the_o hundred_o call_v faenus_fw-la unciarium_fw-la whereas_o before_o that_o time_n rich_a man_n may_v take_v at_o their_o pleasure_n afterward_o it_o be_v ordain_v at_o the_o entreat_v of_o the_o tribune_n to_o take_v a_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a and_o that_o be_v thirty_o shilling_n in_o one_o hundred_o pound_n after_o that_o it_o come_v to_o four_o in_o the_o hundred_o call_v triens_fw-la and_o last_o of_o all_o to_o six_o in_o the_o hundred_o call_v semissis_fw-la and_o yet_o all_o these_o alteration_n and_o diversity_n of_o suffer_v in_o usury_n notwithstanding_o law_n genitius_n law_n one_o genitius_n a_o tribune_n publish_v a_o law_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o be_v a_o usurer_n at_o any_o hand_n or_o by_o any_o manner_n of_o mean_n and_o so_o by_o all_o devise_n that_o may_v be_v it_o be_v utter_o forbid_v by_o diverse_a edict_n and_o proclamation_n which_o be_v often_o repress_v do_v yet_o notwithstanding_o break_v out_o by_o wonderful_a strange_a mean_n wherefore_o tiberius_n caesar_n to_o remedy_v this_o evil_a and_o that_o no_o usury_n shall_v be_v use_v he_o cause_v a_o marvelous_a mass_n of_o money_n to_o be_v lay_v in_o bank_n to_o the_o sum_n of_o two_o million_o and_o a_o half_a of_o crown_n be_v five_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n english_a or_o sterling_a and_o take_v order_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v have_v credit_n for_o three_o year_n without_o pay_v any_o usury_n at_o all_o tacitus_n cornelius_n tacitus_n put_v in_o surety_n for_o the_o double_a value_n of_o that_o he_o borrow_v and_o cornelius_n tacitus_n a_o renown_a writer_n say_v the_o canker_n of_o usury_n be_v a_o old_a venomous_a sore_n and_o the_o chief_a head_n and_o cause_n of_o rebellion_n and_o variance_n in_o country_n and_o commonweal_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v altogether_o banish_v in_o the_o old_a time_n when_o least_o corruption_n of_o life_n appear_v among_o man_n lucullus_z so_o hate_v the_o excessive_a deal_n of_o the_o usurer_n that_o whereas_o all_o asia_n be_v overwhelm_v with_o usury_n he_o clear_v the_o same_o utter_o from_o all_o usurer_n and_o so_o do_v cato_n in_o cicilia_n anthoninus_n pius_n alexander_n severus_n claudius_n vespasian_n leo_n emperor_n emperor_n and_o diverse_a other_o emperor_n do_v restrain_v the_o covetousness_n of_o usurer_n from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o of_o late_a year_n at_o a_o assembly_n at_o augusta_n in_o germany_n do_v conclude_v with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n that_o no_o manner_n of_o contract_n that_o have_v any_o fellowship_n with_o usury_n shall_v be_v allow_v but_o rather_o that_o all_o usury_n shall_v be_v avoid_v for_o ever_o and_o be_v never_o more_o use_v and_o if_o any_o be_v find_v to_o have_v make_v any_o such_o contract_n the_o same_o man_n to_o forfeit_v to_o the_o magistrate_n or_o ordinary_a judge_n the_o four_o part_n of_o his_o principal_a sum_n plato_n the_o philosopher_n warn_v among_o other_o thing_n orator_n philosopher_n and_o orator_n in_o his_o five_o book_n of_o law_n that_o no_o body_n whatsoever_o he_o be_v that_o will_v bear_v the_o face_n of_o a_o honest_a man_n do_v let_v out_o his_o money_n for_o usury_n or_o gain_n the_o like_a say_v cicero_n and_o many_o other_o learned_a philosopher_n and_o orator_n as_o we_o have_v note_v of_o aristotle_n so_o do_v diverse_a lawmaker_n banish_v usury_n lawgivers_n lawgivers_n and_o utter_o suppress_v the_o same_o as_o lycurgus_n in_o sparta_n among_o the_o lacedaemonian_n amasis_n in_o egypt_n solon_n in_o athens_n sergius_n galba_n in_o africa_n be_v governor_n under_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n and_o diverse_a other_o so_o that_o usury_n
have_v spend_v time_n labour_n and_o no_o small_a charge_n in_o hope_n that_o hereafter_o it_o may_v do_v good_a to_o the_o public_a house_n pawn_v house_n if_o some_o divine_a be_v move_v to_o further_a it_o the_o first_o be_v according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o amsterdam_n to_o which_o end_n the_o substance_n of_o the_o petition_n of_o honest_a and_o religious_a man_n his_o majesty_n subject_n be_v as_o follow_v first_o that_o authority_n be_v give_v to_o a._n b._n to_o erect_v pawne-house_n in_o all_o convenient_a place_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n ireland_n and_o the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n for_o and_o during_o the_o term_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n upon_o these_o condition_n that_o all_o person_n and_o person_n shall_v and_o may_v have_v at_o all_o convenient_a time_n money_n upon_o pawn_n of_o or_o upon_o all_o movable_a good_n chattel_n and_o lease_n or_o any_o thing_n which_o shall_v be_v agree_v upon_o after_o the_o rate_n of_o ten_o upon_o the_o hundred_o by_o the_o year_n that_o the_o undertaker_n may_v be_v authorise_v or_o licence_v to_o take_v for_o the_o attendance_n labour_n and_o pain_n recompense_n of_o officer_n and_o servant_n wage_n house-rent_n and_o all_o other_o charge_v incident_a thereunto_o as_o follow_v for_o register_n and_o keep_n of_o all_o pawn_n that_o do_v amount_v to_o fifty_o pound_n or_o more_o one_o farthing_n for_o every_o pound_n by_o the_o month_n for_o all_o pawn_n that_o do_v amount_v to_o ten_o pound_n or_o more_o until_o fifty_o pound_n for_o every_o pound_n one_o half_a penny_n by_o the_o month_n for_o all_o pawn_n that_o do_v not_o amount_v to_o ten_o pound_n for_o every_o pound_n one_o penny_n by_o the_o month_n for_o every_o bill_n give_v for_o pawn_n under_o ten_o pound_n one_o penny_n and_o be_v of_o ten_o pound_n or_o above_o whatsoever_o it_o come_v unto_o but_o two_o penny_n with_o such_o clause_n condition_n and_o caution_n as_o shall_v be_v requisite_a for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o say_a undertaker_n and_o agreeable_a with_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n pay_v unto_o the_o king_n majesty_n a_o reasonable_a sum_n of_o money_n yearly_a etc._n etc._n the_o say_v allowance_n be_v inferior_a to_o the_o moderation_n of_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n his_o law_n and_o will_v be_v find_v very_o reasonable_a consider_v that_o by_o the_o toleration_n of_o usury_n politic_a man_n can_v deliver_v their_o money_n in_o very_a great_a sum_n at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o free_o and_o without_o such_o trouble_n chap._n xiii_o of_o mons_fw-la pietatis_fw-la or_o bank_n of_o charity_n the_o second_o mean_a to_o suppress_v the_o bite_a usury_n of_o extortion_n upon_o the_o common_a people_n be_v by_o provide_v a_o course_n that_o they_o may_v have_v money_n upon_o pawn_n without_o pay_v any_o interest_n or_o usury_n for_o the_o loan_n of_o it_o according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o bridge_n in_o flanders_n which_o be_v more_o please_a but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o universal_a as_o the_o pawn_n house_n be_v where_o great_a sum_n be_v to_o be_v have_v to_o accommodate_v merchant_n and_o all_o man_n to_o prevent_v the_o general_a abuse_n albeit_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o extortion_n upon_o the_o mean_a sort_n of_o people_n be_v more_o heinous_a and_o detestable_a which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o that_o take_v usury_n of_o the_o poor_a be_v more_o punish_v than_o he_o that_o do_v steal_v from_o the_o rich_a as_o be_v before_o declare_v in_o italy_n there_o be_v montes_n pietatis_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v mount_n or_o bank_n of_o charity_n place_n where_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n be_v by_o legacy_n give_v for_o relief_n of_o the_o poor_a to_o borrow_v upon_o pawn_n and_o to_o pay_v only_o after_o three_o or_o four_o in_o the_o hundred_o at_o the_o most_o to_o maintain_v the_o officer_n and_o to_o bear_v the_o charge_n of_o such_o a_o erect_a mount_n for_o ever_o but_o the_o manner_n of_o bridge_n as_o aforesaid_a may_v be_v think_v more_o reasonable_a pay_v the_o officer_n out_o of_o the_o contribution_n which_o by_o their_o mean_n may_v be_v much_o increase_v according_a to_o the_o order_n which_o be_v hereafter_o declare_v usury_n money_n to_o be_v give_v to_o suppress_v usury_n for_o every_o man_n be_v willing_a to_o give_v for_o the_o suppression_n of_o intolerable_a and_o abominable_a usury_n the_o rich_a that_o be_v charitable_o dispose_v will_v give_v because_o usury_n politic_a shall_v not_o be_v bite_v the_o mean_a sort_n of_o people_n will_v be_v contributory_a because_o of_o the_o commodiousnes_n of_o it_o for_o who_o will_v not_o give_v six_o penny_n or_o twelve_o penny_n every_o quarter_n of_o the_o year_n when_o he_o may_v borrow_v a_o reasonable_a sum_n of_o money_n without_o pay_v any_o use_n for_o it_o for_o one_o year_n or_o a_o long_a time_n according_a to_o occasion_n i_o be_o sure_a of_o most_o man_n inclination_n by_o a_o attempt_n make_v of_o the_o practice_n hereof_o some_o year_n since_o for_o after_o the_o name_n take_v of_o above_o 1500_o person_n that_o be_v willing_a to_o contribute_v yearly_a and_o some_o divine_n and_o other_o that_o will_v lend_v free_o 50_o will_v 100_o will_v or_o more_o for_o some_o year_n and_o some_o 500_o will_v i_o make_v a_o alphabetical_a register_n of_o they_o which_o be_v deliver_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o great_a personage_n who_o as_o it_o seem_v be_v not_o worthy_a of_o the_o honour_n thereof_o but_o to_o my_o remembrance_n it_o amount_v to_o some_o 2000_o will_v for_o money_n give_v and_o to_o be_v lend_v and_o above_o six_o hundred_o pound_n yearly_a during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o benefactor_n so_o that_o no_o man_n have_v cause_n to_o doubt_v of_o the_o collection_n of_o a_o great_a stock_n for_o so_o godly_a a_o work_n if_o authority_n be_v have_v when_o this_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o only_a hope_n and_o surmise_v thereof_o to_o the_o effect_v whereof_o i_o will_v be_v willing_a still_o to_o do_v my_o best_a endeavour_n now_o the_o order_n be_v as_o follow_v order_n to_o be_v observe_v for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o mount_n of_o charity_n consist_v of_o two_o house_n within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o the_o suburb_n thereof_o and_o one_o house_n at_o westminster_n where_o all_o man_n may_v borrow_v money_n in_o small_a sum_n without_o pay_v any_o use_n or_o loan_n for_o the_o same_o upon_o pawn_n to_o be_v deliver_v for_o caution_n or_o security_n of_o the_o say_a money_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o bridge_n in_o flanders_n and_o other_o country_n 1_o imprimis_fw-la that_o all_o man_n of_o what_o quality_n or_o condition_n soever_o they_o be_v be_v destitute_a of_o money_n shall_v have_v money_n at_o all_o convenient_a time_n without_o pay_v any_o use_n or_o loan_n for_o the_o same_o but_o deliver_v only_o a_o pawn_n of_o any_o movable_a thing_n so_o it_o be_v not_o above_o forty_o shilling_n at_o any_o one_o time_n until_o a_o competent_a stock_n be_v raise_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o say_a mount_n of_o charity_n for_o ever_o 2_o item_n whereas_o the_o say_a stock_n be_v raise_v and_o to_o be_v increase_v by_o mean_n of_o charitable_a and_o conscionable_a person_n which_o either_o do_v free_o lend_v money_n without_o take_v interest_n for_o the_o same_o or_o do_v free_o give_v in_o money_n and_o yearly_a contribution_n according_a to_o their_o virtuous_a disposition_n which_o money_n may_v in_o progress_n of_o time_n amount_v to_o a_o notable_a sum_n the_o treasurer_n general_a therefore_o shall_v be_v a_o man_n sufficient_a and_o of_o honest_a behaviour_n careful_a to_o appoint_v swear_v honest_a man_n upon_o surety_n to_o collect_v the_o say_v money_n and_o for_o keep_v of_o the_o pawn_n with_o their_o clerk_n and_o other_o attendant_n and_o the_o surueior_fw-fr of_o account_n shall_v be_v a_o man_n diligent_a and_o skilful_a in_o account_n all_o for_o the_o better_a encouragement_n of_o the_o say_v charitable_a giver_n and_o free_a lender_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o this_o charitable_a work_n 3_o item_n whereas_o the_o like_a house_n call_v saint_n george_n be_v heretofore_o erect_v at_o genova_n in_o italy_n by_o noble_a knight_n bind_v in_o honour_n to_o see_v the_o people_n relieve_v from_o oppression_n bite_v usury_n and_o extortion_n which_o by_o all_o virtuous_a knight_n be_v at_o all_o time_n approve_v and_o commend_v there_o shall_v be_v keep_v one_o pair_n of_o table_n in_o every_o house_n contain_v the_o name_n of_o such_o honourable_a person_n and_o virtuous_a knight_n '_o as_o shall_v be_v yearly_a contributaries_n by_o quarterly_a payment_n during_o their_o natural_a life_n or_o lend_v any_o sum_n of_o money_n gratis_o for_o a_o time_n together_o with_o the_o name_n of_o such_o well_o dispose_v person_n as_o by_o
clothes_n which_o cost_v he_o six_o hundred_o pound_n and_o the_o custom_n and_o charge_n forty_o pound_n and_o hereupon_o he_o arm_v two_o account_n under_o the_o name_n of_o voyage_n into_o spain_n or_o voyage_n to_o lixborne_n or_o some_o other_o such_o name_n of_o the_o say_a commodity_n as_o every_o man_n think_v good_a so_o these_o voyage_n be_v debtor_n for_o the_o commodity_n custom_n and_o charge_n thereof_o and_o the_o magazine_n be_v discharge_v and_o make_v creditor_n as_o abovesaid_a discharge_v magazine_n discharge_v and_o likewise_o cash_n be_v make_v creditor_n have_v pay_v the_o custom_n imposition_n and_o charge_n aforesaid_a this_o merchant_n not_o willing_a to_o bear_v so_o great_a a_o adventure_n of_o six_o hundred_o pound_n or_o seven_o hundred_o pound_n in_o one_o ship_n do_v cause_n himself_o to_o be_v assure_v of_o three_o hundred_o pound_n in_o every_o ship_n assurance_n money_n for_o assurance_n at_o four_o and_o five_o upon_o the_o hundred_o and_o pay_v the_o same_o unto_o the_o assuror_n hereupon_o he_o make_v the_o say_a voyage_n debtor_n and_o cash_n creditor_n for_o so_o much_o namely_o thirteen_o pound_n for_o lixborne_n and_o sixteen_o pound_n for_o seville_a and_o so_o commit_v the_o same_o to_o god_n will_v and_o pleasure_n and_o all_o these_o parcel_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o book_n receive_v money_o receive_v and_o b._n m._n the_o mercer_n do_v pay_v more_o two_o hundred_o pound_n whereof_o cash_n be_v make_v debtor_n and_o b._n m._n be_v make_v creditor_n and_o discharge_v of_o the_o 3_o hundred_o pound_n he_o do_v owe_v interest_n money_o deliver_v aâ—_n interest_n whereby_o the_o merchant_n find_v some_o money_n to_o spare_v he_o deliver_v out_o two_o hundred_o pound_n at_o interest_n unto_o another_o merchant_n for_o six_o month_n and_o thereupon_o he_o make_v this_o merchant_n c.d._n debtor_n &_o cash_n creditor_n declare_v to_o have_v his_o bond_n of_o three_o hundred_o pound_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o two_o hundred_o and_o ten_o pound_n at_o such_o a_o day_n in_o such_o a_o place_n money_n interest_n money_n and_o for_o the_o interest_n money_n of_o ten_o pound_n he_o make_v he_o likewise_o debtor_n and_o the_o account_n of_o profit_n and_o loss_n creditor_n but_o some_o man_n do_v make_v a_o particular_a account_n of_o interest_n which_o be_v at_o a_o man_n pleasure_n now_o the_o two_o hundred_o pound_n which_o n._n w._n owe_v be_v due_a use_n money_n owe_v continue_v at_o use_n and_o he_o desire_v to_o keep_v the_o money_n for_o six_o month_n at_o interest_n and_o to_o give_v his_o bond_n for_o it_o which_o be_v so_o agree_v between_o they_o the_o interest_n be_v ten_o pound_n for_o which_o he_o make_v likewise_o n.w._n debtor_n and_o profit_n and_o loss_n creditor_n the_o merchant_n estate_n stand_v now_o thus_o book_n view_v of_o a_o merchant_n estate_n by_o the_o book_n at_o hamborough_n one_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o pound_n at_o seville_a seven_o hundred_o thirty_o and_o six_o pound_n at_o lixborne_a six_o hundred_o fifty_o and_o three_o pound_n at_o interest_n four_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o pound_n with_o the_o interest_n and_o but_o little_a money_n in_o cash_n because_o of_o his_o daily_a expense_n suppose_v now_o that_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o company_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n be_v come_v from_o hamborough_n voyage_n return_v of_o voyage_n and_o our_o merchant_n clothes_n be_v sell_v to_o diverse_a merchant_n and_o other_o there_o to_o be_v pay_v at_o six_o and_o six_o month_n anticipation_n money_o pay_v by_o way_n of_o anticipation_n for_o which_o they_o have_v give_v their_o bill_n obligatorie_n to_o pay_v the_o same_o according_o but_o some_o of_o these_o merchant_n be_v desirous_a to_o pay_v their_o money_n by_o way_n of_o anticipation_n have_v interest_n allow_v they_o for_o it_o after_o the_o rate_n of_o eight_o in_o the_o hundred_o for_o the_o year_n and_o so_o pay_v ready_a money_n to_o our_o merchant_n factor_n and_o thereupon_o the_o say_a factor_n make_v over_o by_o exchange_n four_o hundred_o pound_n sterling_a by_o two_o bill_n of_o exchange_n to_o be_v pay_v here_o at_o usance_n which_o be_v two_o month_n after_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bill_n by_o merchant_n stranger_n exchange_n money_n make_v over_o by_o exchange_n these_o merchant_n stranger_n do_v accept_v the_o say_v bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o you_o make_v they_o several_o debtor_n for_o the_o same_o and_o your_o factor_n of_o hamborough_n creditor_n for_o the_o say_v four_o hundred_o pound_n moreover_o your_o factor_n have_v set_v over_o some_o of_o those_o merchant_n bill_n of_o debt_n for_o foreign_a commodity_n and_o have_v take_v in_o payment_n two_o case_n of_o velvet_n sea_n velvet_n buy_v beyond_o the_o sea_n which_o do_v cost_v eight_o hundred_o pound_n and_o he_o send_v they_o in_o these_o ship_n with_o a_o account_n of_o the_o charge_n custom_n and_o factoridge_n of_o the_o say_a velvet_n amount_v to_o forty_o pound_n so_o the_o velvet_n cost_v in_o all_o eight_o hundred_o and_o forty_o pound_n for_o this_o you_o make_v a_o new_a account_n for_o velvet_n or_o the_o return_n of_o the_o hamborough_n voyage_n debtor_n and_o your_o factor_n creditor_n for_o the_o say_v eight_o hundred_o and_o forty_o pound_n exchange_n money_o take_v up_o by_o exchange_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o because_o you_o be_v to_o pay_v great_a custom_n and_o imposition_n of_o these_o velvet_n and_o your_o cash_n be_v not_o well_o provide_v you_o take_v up_o by_o exchange_n here_o sixty_o pound_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o your_o factor_n at_o hamborough_n and_o deliver_v your_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o it_o and_o receive_v the_o money_n now_o cash_n be_v make_v debtor_n for_o the_o same_o and_o your_o factor_n that_o be_v to_o pay_v the_o money_n be_v make_v creditor_n for_o it_o according_o they_o cloth_n sell_v beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o account_v send_v of_o they_o this_o factor_n do_v now_o by_o land_n send_v unto_o you_o the_o account_n of_o your_o hundred_o clothes_n sell_v unto_o diverse_a merchant_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o this_o account_n be_v make_v in_o hamborough_n or_o lup_n money_n and_o it_o be_v suppose_v among_o merchant_n that_o six_o and_o twenty_o shilling_n and_o eight_o penny_n of_o their_o money_n be_v correspondent_a to_o our_o twenty_o shilling_n sterling_a according_a to_o this_o you_o reduce_v your_o hamborough_n money_n into_o sterling_a money_n after_o the_o rate_n sterling_a hamborough_n money_n reduce_v into_o sterling_a and_o your_o factor_n in_o the_o say_a account_n have_v already_o deduct_v his_o factorige_n custom_n and_o all_o charge_n incident_a upon_o the_o clothes_n sell_v by_o he_o so_o that_o cast_v your_o account_n upon_o the_o net_n provenu_fw-fr of_o your_o clothes_n he_o have_v receive_v clear_a money_n one_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o pound_n sterling_a hereof_o now_o you_o do_v make_v your_o factor_n debtor_n and_o the_o voyage_n for_o hamborough_n creditor_n and_o come_v to_o your_o leidger_n book_n you_o find_v the_o say_a voyage_n debtor_n one_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o pound_n and_o now_o to_o be_v make_v creditor_n one_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o pound_n so_o you_o find_v here_o be_v two_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o pound_n clear_a gain_n by_o the_o account_n unless_o you_o shall_v become_v a_o loser_n in_o the_o velvet_n for_o the_o money_n deduct_v for_o interest_n to_o he_o that_o pay_v before_o his_o time_n be_v already_o deduct_v in_o the_o account_n of_o clothes_n so_o that_o to_o clear_v this_o account_n of_o the_o voyage_n you_o make_v the_o same_o debtor_n for_o the_o say_v two_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o pound_n and_o the_o account_n of_o profit_n and_o loss_n creditor_n for_o the_o same_o you_o have_v now_o sell_v your_o two_o case_n of_o velvet_n the_o one_o for_o ready_a money_n and_o the_o other_o at_o six_o and_o six_o month_n day_n of_o payment_n to_o w.w._n mercer_n amount_v to_o five_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o pound_n who_o you_o have_v make_v debtor_n for_o the_o same_o and_o your_o velvet_n creditor_n and_o for_o the_o other_o you_o have_v make_v cash_n debtor_n for_o four_o hundred_o ninety_o pound_n which_o you_o have_v receive_v and_o likewise_o your_o velvet_n creditor_n for_o the_o same_o sum_n so_o in_o both_o one_o thousand_o and_o ten_o pound_n and_o cast_v up_o your_o charge_n custom_n and_o imposition_n of_o your_o velvet_n you_o find_v they_o to_o amount_v unto_o 80_o will_v and_o for_o this_o sum_n you_o make_v velvet_n debtor_n and_o cash_n creditor_n so_o your_o velvet_n do_v cost_v with_o all_o the_o say_a charge_n 920_o will_v and_o they_o be_v sell_v for_o 1010_o will_v so_o there_o be_v 90_o will_v advance_v by_o the_o say_a velvet_n whereof_o to_o clear_v this_o account_n you_o make_v velvet_n debtor_n and_o profit_n and_o loss_n creditor_n as_o aforesaid_a have_v now_o money_n in_o
eighty_o asper_n every_o asper_n be_v ten_o macharines_n at_o alexandria_n in_o egypt_n they_o account_v by_o ducat_n there_o be_v ducat_n de_fw-fr pargo_n make_v three_o ducat_n of_o venice_n pargo_n ducat_n de_fw-fr pargo_n also_o italian_a ducat_n of_o thirty_o and_o five_o maid_n and_o the_o venice_n ducat_n be_v better_a and_o make_v forty_o maid_n scot_n mark_v scot_n at_o edinburgh_n in_o scotland_n exchange_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o mark_n piece_n of_o silver_n which_o be_v value_v in_o england_n at_o 13_o ½_n penny_n be_v otherwise_o 13⅓_n penny_n or_o thirteen_o shilling_n four_o penny_n scot_n so_o one_o mark_n and_o a_o half_a scot_n be_v twenty_o shilling_n scot_n and_o twenty_o penny_n sterling_a be_v one_o pound_n scottish_a scot_n pound_v scot_n which_o be_v twelve_o to_o one_o the_o 18_o piece_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n be_v by_o the_o say_a valuation_n twenty_o shilling_n three_o penny_n and_o the_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o money_n at_o london_n pay_v for_o twelve_o penny_n the_o say_a mark_n of_o 13_o ⅓_n penny_n at_o two_o or_o three_o month_n time_n in_o scotland_n as_o they_o can_v agree_v irish._n pound_n irish._n at_o dublin_n in_o ireland_n the_o fifteen_o shilling_n sterling_a be_v one_o pound_n irish_a of_o twenty_o shilling_n whereupon_o exchange_n be_v make_v with_o allowance_n of_o six_o penny_n or_o eight_o penny_n upon_o every_o pound_n payable_a at_o london_n and_o for_o want_v of_o a_o mint_n no_o bullion_n be_v import_v thither_o and_o exchange_n be_v divert_v into_o other_o part_n at_o london_n all_o exchange_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o pound_n sterling_a of_o twenty_o shilling_n and_o twelve_o penny_n to_o the_o shilling_n for_o germany_n sterling_a pound_n sterling_a the_o low-countries_n and_o other_o place_n of_o traffic_n and_o for_o france_n upon_o the_o french_a crown_n for_o italy_n and_o spain_n and_o other_o place_n upon_o the_o ducat_n or_o for_o the_o doller_n and_o florin_n in_o some_o place_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n whereof_o more_o particular_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o course_n of_o exchange_n chap._n four_o of_o the_o time_n of_o payment_n of_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o the_o term_n of_o art_n use_v therein_o the_o discrepance_n of_o time_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o money_n by_o exchange_n have_v a_o regard_n to_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o place_n or_o place_n where_o the_o money_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v wherein_o we_o may_v consider_v three_o kind_n of_o diversity_n call_v by_o the_o term_n of_o art_n in_o matter_n of_o exchange_n at_o sight_n usance_n and_o double_a usance_n or_o treble_a the_o take_n and_o deliver_v money_n at_o sight_n sight_n at_o sight_n bind_v the_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o money_n to_o give_v his_o bill_n of_o exchange_n direct_v upon_o his_o friend_n factor_n or_o servant_n in_o any_o place_n beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o pay_v upon_o sight_n of_o it_o or_o within_o three_o four_o or_o more_o day_n so_o much_o money_n as_o have_v be_v take_v up_o by_o he_o after_o such_o a_o rate_n the_o pound_n doller_n ducat_n or_o crown_n as_o be_v agree_v upon_o between_o they_o in_o foreign_a coin_n either_o according_a to_o the_o valuation_n of_o money_n or_o currant_n money_n for_o merchandise_n which_o be_v more_o ordinary_a because_o merchant_n will_v admit_v sometime_o to_o receive_v some_o coin_n at_o a_o high_a rate_n than_o they_o be_v value_v upon_o occasion_n that_o some_o species_n be_v require_v for_o transportation_n or_o some_o other_o use_n to_o make_v payment_n estate_n policy_n of_o estate_n which_o toleration_n be_v by_o authority_n many_o time_n suffer_v to_o draw_v money_n unto_o their_o place_n of_o jurisdiction_n herein_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o if_o the_o bill_n be_v make_v payable_a at_o so_o many_o day_n sight_n that_o the_o number_n of_o day_n must_v be_v express_v in_o the_o bill_n or_o bill_n for_o common_o there_o be_v make_v three_o bill_n of_o one_o tenor_n for_o every_o sum_n of_o money_n take_v up_o because_o if_o one_o bill_n be_v lose_v the_o other_o may_v serve_v in_o place_n the_o second_o time_n of_o payment_n call_v usance_n usance_n at_o usance_n which_o be_v either_o the_o time_n of_o one_o month_n two_o or_o three_o month_n after_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n as_o hereafter_o be_v declare_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n where_o these_o exchange_n do_v run_v according_a to_o which_o time_n the_o party_n upon_o who_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v direct_v be_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o unless_o there_o be_v good_a cause_n to_o the_o contrary_a as_o shall_v appear_v hereafter_o usance_n double_a usance_n and_o treble_a usance_n the_o three_o time_n of_o payment_n call_v double_a usance_n be_v either_o two_o or_o more_o month_n or_o always_o double_a the_o time_n of_o the_o usance_n respect_v by_o custom_n the_o course_n thereof_o and_o many_o time_n exchange_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o half_a usance_n which_o be_v fifteen_o day_n but_o consider_v the_o wind_n and_o other_o hindrance_n it_o be_v better_a to_o limit_v the_o day_n after_o sight_n in_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o to_o send_v the_o same_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n with_o a_o letter_n of_o advice_n which_o the_o taker_n of_o money_n common_o do_v deliver_v with_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n whereunto_o the_o bill_n make_v also_o relation_n and_o treble_a usance_n be_v according_o mart_n payment_n in_o fair_n or_o mart_n there_o be_v another_o time_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o exchange_n where_o great_a payment_n be_v make_v as_o in_o fair_n or_o mart_n as_o at_o madrill_n and_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n by_o three_o ferias_fw-la in_o the_o year_n at_o lion_n by_o four_o payment_n yearly_a and_o at_o frankford_n twice_o every_o year_n etc._n etc._n the_o difference_n of_o the_o time_n of_o payment_n do_v alter_v the_o price_n of_o exchange_n according_a to_o the_o time_n common_o after_o twelve_o fifteen_o or_o twenty_o in_o the_o hundred_o by_o the_o year_n so_o between_o the_o pound_n sterling_a exchange_v for_o the_o low-countries_n at_o sight_n and_o usance_n be_v between_o four_o and_o five_o penny_n and_o double_a usance_n and_o usance_n six_o or_o seven_o penny_n which_o ordinary_o be_v account_v to_o be_v but_o four_o penny_n after_o 10_o pro_fw-la 100_o but_o for_o the_o fair_n and_o mart_n it_o be_v very_o uncertain_a because_o the_o payment_n be_v all_o at_o one_o time_n and_o the_o near_o the_o fair_n be_v at_o hand_n exchange_n consideration_n in_o exchange_n the_o more_o shall_v the_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o money_n save_v by_o pay_v less_o interest_n because_o he_o have_v not_o have_v the_o use_n of_o the_o money_n from_o the_o beginning_n that_o exchange_n be_v make_v for_o the_o fair_n which_o in_o questionable_a matter_n be_v very_o considerable_a usance_n from_o london_n to_o and_o from_o middleborough_n amsterdam_n antuerpe_n bridges_n and_o other_o place_n in_o the_o low-countries_n be_v one_o month_n time_n from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o double_a usance_n be_v two_o month_n usance_n for_o hamborough_n be_v two_o month_n and_o for_o venice_n three_o month_n usance_n from_o antuerp_n to_o rome_n be_v two_o month_n and_o from_o lion_n to_o rome_n one_o month_n usance_n from_o antuerp_n to_o venice_n be_v two_o month_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o bank_n usance_n at_o florence_n be_v two_o month_n and_o from_o florence_n to_o london_n three_o month_n usance_n from_o genoa_n to_o rome_n and_o naples_n be_v ten_o day_n sight_n and_o for_o palermo_n and_o antuerp_n be_v two_o month_n by_o ordinary_a observation_n and_o so_o be_v luca_n from_o naples_n to_o antuerp_n be_v two_o month_n and_o the_o like_a for_o palermo_n usance_n for_o rouen_n and_o paris_n be_v one_o month_n but_o common_o at_o three_o week_n sight_n from_o antuerp_n and_o london_n to_o seville_a be_v two_o month_n castille_n payment_n be_v in_o three_o bank_n and_o ferias_fw-la de_fw-fr villalon_n medina_n del_fw-it campo_n and_o medina_n del_fw-it rio_n sicco_fw-it but_o many_o time_n prolong_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n usance_n from_o lixborne_a to_o london_n and_o antuerp_n be_v two_o month_n which_o merchant_n be_v to_o know_v because_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n do_v not_o declare_v the_o same_o chap._n v._o of_o the_o nature_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n the_o nature_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v so_o noble_a and_o excel_a all_o other_o deal_n between_o merchant_n that_o the_o proceed_n therein_o be_v extraordinary_a and_o singular_a and_o not_o subject_a to_o any_o prescription_n by_o law_n or_o otherwise_o but_o mere_o subsist_v of_o a_o reverend_a custom_n use_v and_o solemnize_v concern_v the_o same_o for_o the_o better_a declaration_n whereof_o let_v we_o set_v down_o the_o form_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n from_o
of_o john_n make_v mention_n of_o peter_n and_o william_n here_o be_v four_o taker_n up_o of_o money_n and_o but_o effectual_o one_o deliverer_n of_o money_n which_o be_v francis_n for_o albeit_o that_o peter_n be_v the_o first_o deliverer_n of_o the_o five_o hundred_o pound_n he_o become_v a_o taker_n again_o of_o the_o say_a money_n receive_v the_o same_o of_o william_n so_o that_o gradatim_fw-la john_n be_v the_o first_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o say_v five_o hundred_o pound_n peter_n be_v the_o second_o taker_n up_o william_n be_v the_o three_o taker_n up_o and_o nicholas_n be_v the_o four_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o say_v five_o hundred_o pound_n of_o francis_n to_o this_o francis_n be_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n give_v payable_a to_o his_o friend_n factor_n or_o servant_n in_o the_o place_n for_o which_o the_o money_n be_v take_v up_o but_o the_o say_a bill_n be_v make_v by_o john_n the_o first_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o say_a money_n declare_v that_o the_o value_n of_o it_o be_v receive_v of_o peter_n for_o william_n and_o for_o nicholas_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o francis_n which_o be_v the_o last_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n which_o bill_n be_v pay_v all_o the_o party_n in_o this_o exchange_n be_v satisfy_v and_o pay_v and_o this_o be_v do_v with_o great_a facility_n 4_o there_o be_v also_o a_o custom_n that_o money_n be_v take_v by_o exchange_n for_o a_o certain_a place_n by_o man_n who_o be_v not_o general_o know_v and_o therefore_o must_v use_v the_o credit_n of_o another_o man_n as_o a_o three_o person_n in_o the_o exchange_n if_o this_o man_n do_v subscribe_v his_o name_n to_o the_o three_o or_o second_o bill_n of_o exchange_n it_o be_v sufficient_a and_o will_v be_v due_o perform_v according_o 5_o it_o be_v also_o ordinary_a that_o a_o master_n to_o draw_v money_n from_o his_o servant_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n or_o a_o merchant_n in_o the_o like_a case_n from_o his_o factor_n will_v make_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n payable_a to_o some_o other_o person_n and_o say_v in_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o the_o value_n receive_v of_o such_o a_o one_o name_v a_o friend_n of_o he_o as_o he_o take_v the_o say_a person_n to_o be_v if_o the_o servant_n or_o factor_n do_v accept_v this_o bill_n he_o will_v be_v make_v to_o pay_v it_o and_o if_o this_o person_n who_o name_n have_v be_v use_v will_v deal_v unjust_o the_o master_n or_o merchant_n shall_v be_v remediless_a unless_o he_o have_v some_o collateral_a writing_n for_o the_o same_o because_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n must_v be_v maintain_v 6_o again_o if_o a_o know_a servant_n do_v take_v up_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n upon_o his_o master_n and_o give_v his_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o it_o upon_o the_o say_a master_n the_o master_n be_v liable_a to_o pay_v the_o same_o although_o he_o do_v not_o accept_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o it_o be_v understand_v that_o by_o his_o credit_n and_o not_o by_o the_o servant_n credit_n the_o money_n have_v be_v take_v up_o so_o that_o until_o he_o make_v a_o public_a declaration_n denounce_v his_o servant_n to_o the_o broker_n of_o exchange_n and_o otherwise_o the_o master_n be_v to_o pay_v all_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n to_o be_v keep_v inviolable_a 7_o there_o be_v also_o a_o custom_n that_o a_o master_n unto_o his_o servant_n or_o one_o friend_n unto_o another_o will_v send_v bill_n of_o exchange_n with_o the_o name_n in_o blank_a from_o one_o country_n into_o another_o as_o from_o hamborough_n to_o embden_n or_o from_o antuerpe_n to_o amsterdam_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o dansicke_a and_o at_o amsterdam_n the_o name_n be_v put_v in_o to_o who_o to_o be_v pay_v and_o of_o who_o receive_v and_o this_o depend_v upon_o the_o credit_n of_o he_o that_o make_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o this_o be_v also_o accomplish_v very_o orderly_o 8_o again_o a_o merchant_n may_v take_v by_o exchange_n in_o another_o man_n name_n or_o in_o his_o own_o name_n and_o another_o man_n name_n together_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o any_o place_n where_o exchange_n be_v use_v and_o subscribe_v his_o name_n and_o that_o man_n name_n or_o that_o man_n name_n alone_o and_o this_o man_n who_o name_n be_v use_v be_v liable_a and_o answerable_a to_o the_o say_a exchange_n if_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o it_o be_v do_v or_o the_o like_a use_v to_o be_v do_v by_o that_o other_o party_n with_o his_o consent_n or_o privity_n for_o to_o avoid_v inconvenience_n in_o the_o course_n of_o exchange_n 9_o nay_o this_o go_v yet_o further_o to_o be_v consider_v of_o in_o equity_n and_o so_o adjudge_v that_o if_o a_o man_n do_v take_v up_o money_n for_o any_o place_n by_o exchange_n posito_fw-la from_o london_n to_o middleborough_n and_o there_o the_o money_n be_v pay_v and_o take_v up_o again_o by_o exchange_n for_o antuerpe_n and_o there_o it_o be_v also_o pay_v by_o money_n take_v up_o for_o amsterdam_n and_o at_o amsterdam_n it_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o say_a money_n be_v take_v up_o there_o again_o for_o middleborough_n and_o at_o middleborough_n it_o be_v again_o return_v and_o take_v up_o for_o london_n in_o one_o or_o more_o sum_n run_v in_o account_n between_o all_o these_o party_n deal_v therein_o but_o here_o at_o london_n it_o be_v not_o pay_v but_o go_v back_o again_o to_o middleborough_n by_o protest_v and_o there_o the_o taker_n up_o of_o it_o become_v insoluent_a now_o if_o it_o be_v prove_v that_o those_o money_n be_v original_o take_v up_o in_o london_n by_o the_o credit_n of_o that_o first_o taker_n which_o have_v be_v a_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o continuance_n of_o it_o by_o exchange_n this_o man_n of_o london_n be_v to_o be_v charge_v with_o it_o as_o well_o as_o the_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n thus_o may_v we_o see_v how_o tender_a and_o noble_a a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v of_o nature_n which_o by_o the_o proceed_n thereupon_o will_v be_v make_v more_o apparent_a *_o âŽ_o *_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o non-acceptation_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o custom_n observe_v concern_v the_o same_o this_o high_a nature_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n require_v such_o preciseness_n of_o proceed_n to_o see_v the_o performance_n thereof_o that_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v very_o vigilant_a to_o observe_v the_o same_o and_o therefore_o as_o soon_o as_o a_o merchant_n receive_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n whether_o it_o be_v payable_a at_o sight_n usance_n or_o double_a usance_n he_o be_v to_o present_v the_o say_a bill_n of_o exchange_n to_o the_o party_n upon_o who_o it_o be_v direct_v to_o know_v whether_o he_o will_v accept_v the_o same_o which_o if_o he_o do_v or_o promise_v by_o write_v under_o it_o the_o word_n accept_v observation_n first_o observation_n or_o with_o the_o addition_n of_o his_o name_n accept_v by_o i_o a._n b._n than_o the_o party_n be_v to_o pay_v it_o at_o the_o time_n contain_v in_o the_o bill_n but_o if_o the_o say_a party_n be_v not_o resolve_v to_o accept_v the_o same_o then_o after_o twenty_o and_o four_o hour_n past_a it_o be_v convenient_a to_o present_v he_o the_o say_a bill_n with_o a_o notary_n to_o make_v intimation_n of_o it_o unto_o he_o and_o to_o know_v whether_o he_o will_v accept_v the_o same_o as_o you_o do_v before_o if_o he_o deny_v to_o accept_v it_o than_o the_o notary_n do_v protest_v against_o he_o in_o word_n that_o the_o merchant_n do_v intend_v to_o recover_v all_o damage_n which_o he_o or_o the_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n or_o himself_o for_o other_o might_n or_o shall_v sustain_v thereby_o whereunto_o the_o party_n need_v not_o to_o make_v any_o reply_n but_o if_o he_o do_v and_o withal_o desire_v the_o notary_n to_o declare_v the_o same_o in_o the_o notariall_a act_n or_o protest_v which_o he_o make_v for_o the_o non-acceptation_n then_o the_o notary_n be_v to_o put_v it_o down_o in_o write_v according_o and_o to_o deliver_v the_o same_o to_o the_o merchant_n to_o be_v send_v beyond_o the_o sea_n with_o all_o expedition_n because_o the_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n there_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o secure_v himself_o of_o the_o party_n if_o there_o be_v cause_n and_o in_o the_o send_n of_o this_o protest_v of_o intimation_n the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o first_o post_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v to_o send_v the_o same_o by_o observation_n second_o observation_n if_o the_o merchant_n to_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v payable_a be_v absent_a or_o sick_a or_o depart_v this_o life_n nevertheless_o any_o friend_n or_o servant_n of_o he_o may_v cause_v this_o protest_v to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o notary_n who_o do_v declare_v the_o name_n of_o he_o at_o who_o request_n he_o do_v present_v the_o
bread_n and_o water_n for_o a_o time_n at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o judge_n but_o if_o the_o debtor_n be_v so_o poor_a and_o notwithstanding_o have_v such_o a_o cruel_a adversary_n that_o will_v make_v die_n of_o his_o bone_n that_o be_v say_v to_o have_v his_o debtor_n die_v in_o prison_n and_o to_o hang_v up_o a_o bale_n of_o dice_n for_o he_o in_o the_o crown_n office_n as_o be_v do_v by_o the_o officer_n in_o place_n or_o the_o gaoler_n then_o have_v the_o law_n beyond_o the_o sea_n provide_v some_o relief_n for_o this_o poor_a man_n for_o the_o custom_n be_v in_o germany_n france_n italy_n spain_n and_o the_o low_a country_n that_o no_o man_n be_v imprison_v for_o debt_n above_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n in_o which_o time_n the_o creditor_n have_v power_n to_o take_v seize_v and_o sell_v all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o debtor_n which_o be_v do_v or_o before_o the_o woman_n in_o most_o place_n may_v claim_v her_o dower_n for_o her_o relief_n &_o child_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v divide_v among_o the_o creditor_n as_o far_o as_o it_o will_v go_v and_o so_o the_o debtor_n be_v free_v from_o those_o debt_n for_o ever_o for_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n qui_fw-la vult_fw-la cedere_fw-la bonis_fw-la liberatus_fw-la est_fw-la a_o debito_fw-la if_o the_o debtor_n do_v relinquish_v his_o estate_n to_o the_o creditor_n he_o be_v free_a from_o the_o debt_n and_o all_o good_n fall_v to_o he_o afterward_o be_v his_o own_o but_o this_o man_n be_v ever_o after_o disable_v to_o come_v to_o any_o preferment_n and_o such_o a_o creditor_n as_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o will_v be_v hate_v and_o account_v worse_a than_o a_o jew_n or_o pagan_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o cedere_fw-la bonis_fw-la or_o to_o make_v session_n of_o good_n be_v very_o heinous_a bonis_fw-la the_o manner_n of_o cedere_fw-la bonis_fw-la and_o of_o wonderful_a disgrace_n so_o that_o most_o man_n will_v rather_o die_v in_o misery_n than_o to_o come_v unto_o it_o because_o it_o happen_v not_o once_o in_o twenty_o year_n yet_o be_v it_o far_o inferior_a to_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o pillory_n or_o the_o strike_n over_o the_o leg_n use_v in_o russia_n at_o the_o creditor_n instance_n whereby_o the_o debtor_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n and_o the_o debt_n pay_v the_o party_n come_v before_o the_o town-house_n and_o stand_v upon_o a_o stone_n in_o the_o view_n of_o all_o the_o people_n and_o unloose_v his_o girdle_n he_o desire_v they_o and_o all_o the_o world_n to_o take_v notice_n that_o he_o have_v nothing_o leave_v he_o to_o pay_v his_o creditor_n and_o so_o renounce_v all_o what_o may_v be_v find_v to_o be_v his_o or_o what_o any_o manner_n of_o way_n he_o may_v pretend_v and_o in_o token_n thereof_o he_o may_v not_o wear_v his_o girdle_n any_o more_o nor_o be_v employ_v in_o any_o business_n as_o a_o live_a man_n yet_o afterward_o by_o some_o composition_n to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o creditor_n he_o may_v be_v restore_v by_o a_o declaration_n to_o be_v make_v by_o some_o officer_n upon_o the_o say_a stone_n and_o then_o he_o be_v permit_v to_o wear_v his_o girdle_n again_o in_o the_o say_a country_n no_o gentleman_n or_o man_n of_o quality_n may_v be_v imprison_v at_o all_o for_o debt_n his_o estate_n only_o be_v liable_a thereunto_o and_o yet_o with_o reservation_n of_o such_o necessary_a thing_n as_o honesty_n honour_n humanity_n and_o christianity_n do_v challenge_v namely_o the_o soldier_n person_n his_o arm_n his_o apparel_n bed_n and_o chamber_n convenient_o and_o necessary_o furnish_v which_o may_v not_o be_v take_v for_o debt_n and_o the_o like_a reservation_n be_v make_v to_o every_o other_o man_n of_o quality_n so_o that_o imprisonment_n of_o man_n body_n for_o debt_n according_a to_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o england_n be_v a_o great_a burden_n and_o bondage_n than_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o other_o christian_n or_o heathen_a country_n and_o for_o asmuch_o as_o the_o mischief_n and_o incovenience_n arise_v to_o the_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n by_o the_o imprison_n of_o man_n body_n for_o debt_n have_v be_v propound_v heretofore_o in_o parliament_n by_o a_o print_a remonstrance_n which_o like_o unto_o a_o pamphlet_n may_v be_v lose_v whereby_o good_a matter_n be_v many_o time_n put_v in_o oblivion_n i_o have_v think_v convenient_a to_o make_v a_o abstract_n thereof_o in_o the_o manner_n as_o the_o say_a reason_n be_v lay_v down_o to_o be_v insert_v in_o this_o book_n in_o hope_n of_o some_o relief_n unto_o decay_a merchant_n who_o estate_n may_v remain_v liable_a to_o answer_v their_o creditor_n without_o imprison_v of_o their_o body_n against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o law_n of_o man_n the_o rule_n of_o justice_n the_o law_n of_o conscience_n and_o christian_n charity_n and_o against_o the_o practice_n of_o other_o country_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o final_o against_o the_o creditor_n own_o profit_n the_o law_n of_o god_n will_v and_o command_v every_o man_n to_o follow_v a_o vocation_n to_o do_v the_o honour_n god_n against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n duty_n and_o service_n owe_v to_o his_o prince_n and_o country_n and_o parent_n and_o to_o maintain_v his_o wife_n child_n and_o family_n and_o to_o instruct_v they_o in_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n so_o that_o whatsoever_o direct_o or_o indirect_o forbid_v the_o say_a christian_n duty_n in_o the_o perform_n thereof_o by_o a_o imprisonment_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n whereupon_o all_o humane_a law_n ought_v to_o be_v ground_v no_o law_n of_o god_n will_v or_o command_v imprisonment_n of_o man_n body_n for_o debt_n nor_o be_v it_o warrant_v by_o any_o example_n in_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o the_o efficient_a mean_n bring_v man_n into_o prison_n as_o usury_n be_v appear_v plain_o to_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n as_o have_v be_v note_v out_o of_o the_o old_a law_n neither_o have_v the_o law_n of_o the_o gospel_n a_o word_n of_o command_n or_o warrant_v for_o imprison_v a_o christian_n brother_n for_o debt_n 34.14_o exod._n 22.26_o deut._n 23.19_o levit._fw-la 25_o 35._o ezech._n 18_o 8._o jeremy_n 34.14_o but_o rather_o contain_v a_o command_n to_o relieve_v he_o if_o he_o be_v fall_v into_o decay_n to_o take_v care_n how_o and_o wherein_o he_o shall_v sleep_v to_o set_v he_o free_a at_o six_o year_n end_n and_o then_o to_o reward_v he_o by_o the_o law_n of_o man_n it_o be_v not_o so_o ab_fw-la initio_fw-la for_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n man_n against_o the_o law_n of_o man_n which_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a most_o eminent_a &_o most_o bind_a law_n no_o man_n may_v be_v take_v or_o imprison_v for_o debt_n but_o the_o creditor_n be_v to_o take_v satisfaction_n upon_o the_o debtor_n estate_n of_o good_n &_o land_n according_a to_o magna_fw-la char._n 3._o h._n 3._o and_o 14._o ed._n 3._o although_o after_o accountant_n only_o be_v to_o be_v imprison_v until_o they_o pay_v which_o be_v make_v general_a against_o all_o debtor_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25._o ed._n 3._o cap._n 17._o yet_o prisoner_n in_o execution_n might_n and_o do_v follow_v their_o vocation_n and_o affair_n by_o bail_n mainprize_n or_o baston_n as_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o rich._n 2._o cap._n 12._o and_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o be_v prisoner_n tie_v up_o short_a to_o the_o writ_n of_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la or_o the_o king_n special_a mandate_n upon_o surmise_n corpus_fw-la habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la that_o the_o say_v debtor_n make_v secret_a estate_n in_o trust_n to_o defraud_v their_o creditor_n or_o be_v wilful_a and_o obstinate_a to_o pay_v they_o be_v able_a to_o answer_v these_o objection_n it_o be_v unjust_a to_o punish_v all_o promiscuous_o aswell_o frauder_n as_o non_fw-la frauder_n without_o and_o before_o any_o proof_n make_v yet_o if_o the_o fraud_n be_v prove_v or_o his_o ability_n and_o sufficiency_n either_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n to_o imprison_v his_o body_n because_o the_o law_n do_v give_v the_o estate_n fourthwith_o to_o the_o creditor_n whether_o the_o debtor_n will_v or_o no_o so_o it_o be_v still_o needless_a to_o imprison_v the_o body_n for_o twenty_o year_n imprisonment_n discount_v never_o a_o penny_n of_o the_o debt_n and_o yet_o the_o debtor_n have_v suffer_v more_o misery_n and_o punishment_n than_o a_o guilty_a traitor_n or_o rebel_n suffer_v for_o the_o high_a offence_n it_o be_v against_o the_o rule_n of_o justice_n and_o law_n of_o nature_n justice._n against_o the_o rule_n of_o justice._n that_o man_n equal_o free_v bear_v shall_v be_v deprive_v of_o the_o common_a and_o equal_a liberty_n and_o be_v give_v into_o the_o power_n of_o another_o without_o criminal_a cause_n or_o guilt_n the_o debtor_n be_v either_o punish_v for_o guilt_n or_o cohersion_n if_o for_o guilt_n it_o be_v against_o the_o rule_n of_o
circumstantibus_fw-la and_o empannell_n they_o that_o be_v to_o take_v other_o person_n of_o the_o stander_n by_o which_o be_v do_v before_o the_o judge_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o trial_n when_o the_o jury_n have_v deliver_v up_o their_o verdict_n execution_n verdict_n judgement_n and_o execution_n if_o nothing_o be_v allege_v in_o respite_n of_o judgement_n than_o judgement_n be_v have_v of_o course_n and_o alsoe_o execution_n be_v award_v to_o be_v execute_v as_o the_o final_a end_n of_o law_n nevertheless_o there_o be_v three_o mean_n to_o dissolve_v the_o say_a judgement_n and_o execution_n namely_o by_o a_o writ_n of_o attaint_n a_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o a_o audita_fw-la quaerela_fw-la which_o writ_n be_v ground_v upon_o equity_n by_o law_n and_o conscience_n the_o writ_n of_o attaint_n be_v not_o only_o tedious_a and_o thargeable_a attaint_n write_v of_o attaint_n but_o also_o never_o for_o seldom_o try_v for_o the_o same_o be_v bring_v by_o the_o party_n grieve_v against_o the_o twelve_o man_n and_o the_o party_n for_o who_o the_o sentence_n be_v give_v and_o whereas_o before_o common_o upon_o the_o first_o enquest_n they_o be_v all_o yeoman_n or_o man_n of_o mean_a call_n now_o upon_o this_o attaint_n must_v go_v twenty_o four_o gentleman_n of_o great_a quality_n and_o forty_o eight_o must_v be_v warn_v to_o appear_v then_o there_o must_v in_o the_o attaint_n no_o more_o evidence_n be_v bring_v in_o but_o only_o that_o which_o be_v bring_v in_o and_o allege_v before_o the_o first_o enquest_n which_o not_o appear_v of_o record_n be_v hard_o to_o be_v make_v a_o plain_a matter_n again_o gentleman_n and_o other_o be_v loath_a to_o discredit_v their_o neighbour_n yet_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v so_o apparent_a that_o they_o must_v needs_o find_v they_o attaint_v then_o mean_n be_v find_v to_o defer_v the_o judgement_n and_o it_o may_v be_v the_o party_n shall_v be_v bring_v to_o a_o agreement_n or_o at_o the_o least_o one_o of_o they_o that_o be_v of_o the_o attaint_v juror_n will_v die_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n and_o then_o the_o attaint_n cease_v yet_o in_o this_o case_n if_o the_o party_n be_v in_o prison_n which_o bring_v the_o writ_n of_o attaint_n he_o may_v be_v bail_v as_o be_v in_o natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la the_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v more_o easy_a error_n write_v of_o error_n and_o be_v heretofore_o usual_a to_o prolong_v suit_n in_o law_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o jeofaile_v be_v make_v mean_v in_o good_a french_a i'ay_fw-fr failly_fw-fr for_o every_o small_a error_n if_o it_o be_v but_o false_a latin_a will_v overthrow_v a_o cause_n but_o now_o it_o run_v into_o another_o extreme_a for_o if_o the_o party_n grieve_v speak_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n and_o show_v some_o material_a error_n upon_o motion_n make_v the_o adverse_a party_n may_v have_v it_o amend_v as_o often_o as_o error_n be_v open_v the_o record_n therefore_o aught_o to_o be_v first_o remove_v and_o not_o only_o by_o transcript_n be_v put_v into_o another_o court_n but_o the_o party_n be_v to_o plead_v thereunto_o in_o nullo_n est_fw-la erratum_fw-la and_o then_o the_o danger_n of_o open_v error_n be_v pass_v if_o there_o be_v no_o trick_n use_v in_o amend_v of_o the_o record_n under_o hand_n wherein_o lie_v a_o cerciorare_fw-la to_o satisfy_v the_o court_n where_o the_o record_n be_v bring_v namely_o from_o the_o common_a plea_n to_o the_o king_n bench_n court_n from_o the_o king_n bench_n to_o the_o exchequer_n which_o heretofore_o be_v do_v in_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o the_o party_n grieve_v and_o in_o prison_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n can_v be_v bailable_a upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n after_o judgement_n and_o execution_n as_o he_o be_v upon_o a_o judgement_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n for_o this_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n challenge_v some_o priority_n herein_o quaerela_fw-la the_o writ_n of_o audita_fw-la quaerela_fw-la the_o writ_n of_o audita_fw-la quaerela_fw-la be_v grant_v out_o of_o the_o king_n bench_n court_n if_o the_o judgement_n do_v depend_v there_o and_o returnable_a in_o the_o say_a court_n or_o else_o out_o of_o the_o chancery_n returnable_a in_o the_o king_n bench_n whereupon_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n take_v four_o bail_n in_o the_o vacation_n time_n before_o a_o master_n of_o the_o chancery_n and_o the_o matter_n do_v mere_o depend_v upon_o the_o bail_n the_o suggestion_n of_o the_o writ_n in_o matter_n of_o law_n be_v a_o late_a contract_n after_o judgement_n and_o execution_n a_o escape_n in_o law_n if_o the_o prisoner_n be_v by_o the_o gaoler_n permit_v to_o go_v abroad_o without_o the_o king_n writ_n or_o if_o he_o break_v prison_n in_o which_o case_n the_o gaoler_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o debt_n or_o upon_o a_o payment_n make_v since_o the_o execution_n also_o a_o wrong_a recovery_n by_o a_o executor_n who_o the_o prerogative_n court_n do_v afterward_o disavow_v such_o and_o the_o like_a suggestion_n be_v to_o be_v try_v by_o another_o jury_n upon_o evidence_n to_o be_v produce_v to_o prove_v the_o say_a allegation_n law_n a_o strict_a law_n this_o common_a law_n be_v so_o strict_a that_o the_o proverb_n be_v summum_fw-la ius_fw-la summa_fw-la iniuria_fw-la for_o example_n if_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n have_v issue_n two_o son_n the_o elder_a son_n go_v beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o because_o a_o common_a voice_n be_v that_o he_o be_v dead_a the_o young_a brother_n be_v take_v for_o heite_n the_o father_n die_v the_o young_a brother_n enter_v as_o heir_n and_o alienate_v the_o land_n with_o a_o warranty_n and_o die_v without_o any_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n and_o after_o the_o elder_a brother_n come_v again_o and_o claim_v the_o land_n as_o heir_n to_o his_o father_n in_o this_o case_n by_o the_o law_n the_o elder_a brother_n shall_v be_v bar_v by_o the_o warranty_n of_o the_o young_a brother_n again_o partner_n can_v sue_v each_o other_o by_o the_o law_n law_n partner_n can_v sue_v each_o other_o by_o the_o law_n if_o two_o man_n have_v a_o wood_n joint_o and_o the_o one_o sell_v the_o wood_n and_o keep_v all_o the_o money_n whole_o to_o himself_o in_o this_o case_n his_o fellow_n shall_v have_v no_o remedy_n against_o he_o by_o the_o common_a law_n for_o as_o they_o when_o they_o take_v the_o wood_n joint_o put_v each_o other_o in_o trust_n and_o be_v content_v to_o occupy_v and_o deal_v together_o so_o the_o law_n suffer_v they_o to_o order_v the_o profit_n thereof_o the_o law_n therefore_o be_v not_o complete_a without_o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n or_o equity_n for_o the_o imperfection_n and_o rigour_n of_o it_o be_v qualify_v thereby_o call_v to_o be_v aequum_fw-la &_o bonum_fw-la which_o may_v be_v consider_v in_o this_o case_n two_o stranger_n joint_o do_v deliver_v in_o trust_n unto_o a_o widow_n woman_n a_o round_a sum_n of_o money_n with_o condition_n not_o to_o deliver_v the_o same_o out_o of_o her_o hand_n but_o when_o they_o both_o shall_v demand_v the_o same_o within_o a_o while_n after_o one_o of_o they_o come_v unto_o she_o and_o do_v assure_v she_o by_o good_a indices_fw-la and_o probability_n that_o the_o other_o his_o companion_n be_v dead_a and_o thereupon_o do_v entreat_v she_o to_o deliver_v he_o the_o money_n which_o she_o do_v not_o suspect_v any_o fraud_n so_o the_o party_n go_v away_o with_o the_o money_n afterward_o come_v the_o other_o who_o be_v say_v to_o be_v dead_a and_o demand_v the_o money_n of_o the_o woman_n and_o understand_v that_o she_o have_v pay_v the_o same_o unto_o the_o other_o be_v much_o offend_v therewith_o and_o cause_v she_o to_o be_v adiourn_v before_o the_o judge_n the_o woman_n appear_v do_v declare_v the_o matter_n according_a to_o the_o truth_n show_v how_o the_o other_o have_v deceive_v she_o and_o she_o do_v whole_o rely_v upon_o the_o integrity_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o judge_n equity_n example_n of_o law_n and_o equity_n here_o a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n may_v have_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o woman_n by_o the_o law_n and_o cause_v she_o to_o seek_v the_o party_n that_o have_v deceive_v she_o but_o the_o judge_n temper_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n do_v give_v sentence_n that_o the_o woman_n shall_v pay_v the_o money_n unto_o the_o party_n so_o as_o he_o bring_v his_o companion_n with_o he_o to_o demand_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o covenant_n they_o both_o joint_o have_v repose_v a_o trust_n in_o she_o here_o i_o call_v to_o mind_v the_o question_n which_o no_o judge_n can_v determine_v a_o covetous_a doctor_n at_o the_o civil_a law_n will_v not_o instruct_v a_o young_a student_n unless_o he_o do_v pay_v he_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n whereunto_o the_o student_n do_v condescend_v conditional_o that_o he_o shall_v
have_v the_o first_o cause_n he_o take_v in_o hand_n to_o go_v on_o his_o side_n whereupon_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o cause_n between_o he_o and_o the_o say_a doctor_n be_v the_o first_o cause_n and_o so_o there_o can_v be_v no_o proceed_n therein_o the_o student_n plead_v the_o condition_n in_o bar_n the_o court_n of_o chancery_n be_v proper_o call_v a_o court_n of_o conscience_n because_o it_o reason_v on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o complainant_n by_o argument_n take_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n before_o mention_v quod_fw-la tibi_fw-la fieri_fw-la non_fw-la vis_fw-la alteri_fw-la ne_fw-la feceris_fw-la for_o in_o the_o chancery_n every_o man_n be_v able_a by_o light_n of_o nature_n to_o foresee_v the_o end_n of_o his_o cause_n and_o to_o give_v himself_o a_o reason_n thereof_o and_o be_v therefore_o term_v a_o cause_n whereas_o at_o the_o common-law_n the_o client_n matter_n be_v term_v a_o case_n case_n difference_n between_o cause_n and_o case_n according_a to_o the_o word_n casus_n which_o be_v accedentall_a for_o the_o party_n do_v hardly_o know_v a_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v by_o law_n adjudge_v with_o or_o against_o he_o the_o chancery_n therefore_o upon_o bill_n and_o answer_n between_o the_o complainant_n and_o defendant_n grant_v a_o injunction_n to_o stay_v the_o proceed_n in_o the_o court_n of_o common-law_n until_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v examine_v and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o matter_n of_o equity_n find_v chancery_n injunction_n of_o the_o chancery_n than_o the_o cause_n be_v dismiss_v to_o the_o law_n again_o with_o cost_n to_o the_o party_n merchant_n cause_n be_v proper_o to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o chancery_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v do_v with_o great_a expedition_n but_o it_o fall_v out_o otherwise_o because_o they_o be_v by_o commission_n common_o refer_v to_o merchant_n to_o make_v report_n of_o the_o state_n thereof_o unto_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n â—or_a the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n be_v preserve_v chief_o by_o the_o say_a court_n and_o above_o all_o thing_n merchant_n affair_n in_o controversy_n ought_v with_o all_o brevity_n to_o be_v determine_v to_o avoid_v interruption_n of_o traffic_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n 3._o staple_n law_n 27._o e._n 3._o that_o the_o mayor_n of_o the_o staple_n be_v authorise_v by_o several_a act_n of_o parleament_n to_o end_v the_o same_o and_o detain_v the_o same_o before_o he_o without_o any_o dismission_n at_o the_o common-law_n which_o show_v the_o necessarinesse_n of_o the_o office_n of_o prior_n and_o consul_n before_o mention_v the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o trial_n of_o a_o action_n of_o account_n at_o the_o common-law_n be_v tedious_a there_o be_v five_o manner_n of_o person_n accountable_a by_o the_o law_n namely_o a_o steward_n or_o bailife_n a_o factor_n or_o servant_n or_o a_o receiver_n upon_o a_o action_n of_o account_n the_o general_a issue_n to_o be_v plead_v thereunto_o be_v ne_o uncque_n receiver_n pour_v account_n rendre_fw-fr law_n the_o trial_n of_o a_o action_n of_o account_n by_o law_n this_o be_v first_o try_v by_o a_o jury_n and_o if_o the_o party_n be_v convict_v and_o find_v accountable_a than_o the_o law_n do_v appoint_v auditor_n to_o take_v the_o account_n by_o a_o commission_n direct_v out_o of_o the_o court_n to_o merchant_n and_o other_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o cause_n whereunto_o two_o attorney_n of_o the_o court_n be_v join_v and_o when_o they_o have_v take_v the_o account_n and_o find_v wherein_o the_o difference_n do_v consist_v than_o they_o be_v to_o certify_v all_o their_o proceed_n into_o the_o court_n and_o the_o accountant_n must_v make_v issuable_a answer_n to_o be_v plead_v whereupon_o eight_o ten_o twelve_o or_o more_o issue_n shall_v be_v make_v and_o then_o a_o second_o jury_n be_v call_v to_o try_v all_o these_o several_a issue_n upon_o peremptory_a point_n and_o so_o upon_o every_o issue_n there_o be_v give_v a_o particular_a verdict_n and_o sometime_o a_o especial_a verdict_n which_o be_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o court_n again_o all_o these_o long_a proceed_n make_v long_a record_n subject_a to_o many_o error_n and_o because_o all_o these_o several_a issue_n be_v try_v by_o one_o jury_n and_o upon_o one_o record_n together_o with_o the_o former_a proceed_n whereby_o the_o other_o jury_n find_v the_o party_n accountable_a if_o in_o any_o or_o in_o the_o whole_a material_a error_n be_v find_v than_o all_o be_v overthrow_v and_o the_o party_n be_v to_o begin_v again_o the_o novo_fw-la and_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o that_o then_o they_o will_v join_v other_o issue_n and_o so_o run_v into_o a_o labyrinth_n so_o that_o matter_n of_o account_n be_v proper_o to_o be_v determine_v of_o the_o chancery_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o therein_o more_o expedition_n be_v use_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o arragon_n which_o concur_v with_o the_o course_n of_o the_o say_a court_n as_o we_o be_v now_o to_o declare_v leave_v all_o other_o case_n triable_a by_o the_o common-law_n according_a to_o their_o proper_a nature_n as_o the_o trial_n of_o a_o action_n real_a which_o be_v do_v with_o solemnity_n and_o the_o like_a to_o abreviate_v thing_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n the_o law_n of_o arragon_n be_v peculiar_a to_o that_o kingdom_n have_v especial_a day_n or_o time_n limit_v to_o every_o particular_a proceed_n of_o the_o process_n whereby_o the_o same_o be_v divide_v into_o ten_o as_o it_o be_v term_n which_o have_v every_o one_o their_o proper_a observation_n which_o the_o complainant_n must_v observe_v and_o prosecute_v according_o with_o expedition_n as_o follow_v 1_o when_o the_o party_n complainant_n call_v the_o defendant_n 2_o when_o they_o do_v appear_v before_o the_o judge_n 3_o the_o defendant_n may_v allege_v certain_a exception_n 4_o due_a answer_n be_v make_v to_o the_o complainants_n bill_n 5_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o party_n and_o their_o proceed_n 6_o witness_n be_v produce_v examine_v and_o publication_n have_v of_o their_o deposition_n 7_o the_o party_n do_v reason_n of_o the_o deposition_n and_o the_o matter_n be_v bring_v to_o hear_v 8_o when_o the_o judge_n give_v sentence_n or_o judgement_n 9_o when_o execution_n be_v have_v upon_o the_o sentence_n or_o the_o party_n appeal_v 10_o when_o the_o cause_n depart_v out_o of_o that_o judge_n power_n before_o a_o high_a authority_n and_o all_o this_o be_v common_o do_v in_o four_o month_n arragon_n observation_n of_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o law_n of_o arragon_n with_o the_o observation_n by_o the_o law_n require_v namely_o the_o consideration_n incident_a which_o be_v worthy_a to_o be_v note_v to_o prevent_v unjust_a deal_n 1_o touch_v the_o first_o time_n the_o judge_n take_v not_o any_o notice_n thereof_o for_o the_o process_n be_v grant_v of_o course_n unless_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o complainant_n have_v be_v the_o slave_n of_o the_o defendant_n or_o the_o son_n do_v commence_v a_o suit_n against_o the_o father_n or_o the_o servant_n against_o his_o master_n wherein_o upon_o good_a consideration_n licence_n must_v be_v have_v of_o the_o judge_n 2_o the_o second_o that_o they_o must_v appear_v before_o the_o judge_n at_o three_o several_a time_n of_o ten_o day_n or_o thirty_o day_n at_o any_o one_o time_n which_o be_v peremptory_a after_o which_o there_o lie_v a_o contempt_n against_o the_o party_n not_o appear_v during_o which_o time_n the_o judge_n do_v proceed_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o action_n and_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v compile_v together_o to_o judge_v by_o and_o serve_v he_o for_o his_o direction_n but_o in_o extraordinary_a cause_n his_o conscience_n lead_v he_o 3_o the_o three_o time_n touch_v exception_n be_v not_o only_o between_o party_n and_o party_n but_o also_o against_o the_o judge_n for_o insufficiency_n of_o authority_n give_v he_o if_o the_o cause_n so_o require_v 4_o the_o four_o time_n three_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v upon_o the_o defendant_n answer_v 1_o whether_o he_o deny_v all_o or_o do_v confess_v part_n or_o all_o 2_o whether_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o the_o judge_n judicial_o hear_v the_o cause_n or_o else_o according_a to_o the_o defendant_n answer_v and_o confession_n judge_v he_o to_o pay_v or_o satisfy_v the_o matter_n within_o nine_o day_n 3_o that_o after_o the_o contestation_n of_o the_o suit_n there_o be_v no_o matter_n of_o any_o dilatory_a exception_n allege_v to_o hinder_v the_o proceed_n but_o rather_o peremptory_a exception_n to_o bring_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o definative_a sentence_n 5_o the_o five_o time_n four_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v namely_o 1_o the_o complainant_n must_v swear_v that_o he_o be_v persuade_v that_o he_o demand_v a_o just_a and_o right_a demand_n and_o the_o defendant_n likewise_o that_o he_o defend_v his_o right_n 2_o that_o
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the_o defendant_n which_o seek_v delay_n be_v not_o content_v with_o so_o short_a a_o time_n of_o plead_v the_o complainant_n also_o may_v know_v whether_o it_o be_v safe_a for_o he_o to_o take_v his_o oath_n as_o aforesaid_a that_o he_o be_v in_o conscience_n persuade_v of_o his_o right_n suit_n to_o abridge_v the_o multiplicity_n of_o suit_n and_o morever_o pay_v a_o fine_a for_o wrong_v molestation_n abridge_v with_o they_o heretofore_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o suit_n omit_v now_o to_o speak_v of_o other_o court_n of_o equity_n and_o call_v law_n and_o equity_n to_o be_v the_o common_a law_n so_o much_o commend_v above_o the_o civil_a law_n by_o the_o say_v m_o r._n fortescue_n sometime_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o who_o have_v observe_v five_o point_n wherein_o the_o same_o consist_v let_v we_o observe_v many_o more_o to_o extol_v the_o excellency_n of_o the_o say_v common_a law_n as_o follow_v summary_o 1_o 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principle_n which_o need_v no_o reason_n to_o confirm_v their_o authority_n as_o the_o law_n of_o solon_n draco_n carondas_n lycurgus_n numa_n pompilius_n and_o the_o law_n of_o twelve_o table_n etc._n etc._n 4_o because_o all_o difference_n and_o controversy_n which_o happen_v between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n be_v try_v and_o determine_v by_o the_o law_n and_o if_o it_o be_v do_v in_o parliament_n or_o by_o the_o judge_n it_o be_v still_o according_a to_o the_o law_n 5_o because_o the_o king_n personal_o give_v not_o any_o judgement_n especial_o when_o himself_o be_v a_o party_n see_v it_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o be_v both_o judge_n and_o party_n 6_o for_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o decease_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n from_o time_n to_o time_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o court_n of_o record_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o the_o chancery_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n which_o do_v sit_v as_o judge_n by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n do_v remain_v authorise_v and_o their_o power_n end_v not_o immediate_o with_o the_o king_n howbeit_o the_o succeed_a king_n do_v confirm_v they_o in_o their_o office_n whereby_o all_o sedition_n be_v prevent_v during_o the_o inter_fw-la regnum_fw-la 7_o for_o that_o with_o indifferency_n without_o regard_n of_o person_n it_o command_v as_o well_o the_o nobility_n and_o other_o person_n of_o dignity_n by_o way_n of_o utlagare_o or_o outlaw_n as_o the_o mean_a subject_n 8_o for_o exercise_v a_o power_n over_o the_o judge_n which_o be_v not_o to_o judge_v of_o the_o law_n but_o by_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o be_v the_o word_n judicium_fw-la properly_z attribute_v to_o their_o determination_n even_o as_o the_o word_n decretum_fw-la be_v understand_v of_o the_o ordinance_n or_o sentence_n of_o the_o magistrate_n follow_v equity_n as_o it_o be_v without_o law_n for_o there_o be_v the_o like_a proportion_n between_o the_o law_n and_o the_o execution_n thereof_o call_v legis_fw-la actio_fw-la as_o there_o be_v between_o equity_n and_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o magistrate_n call_v judicis_fw-la officium_fw-la 9_o for_o that_o the_o officer_n thereof_o be_v authorise_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n and_o due_a execution_n of_o it_o by_o a_o proportionable_a distribution_n namely_o the_o judge_n for_o term_n of_o life_n and_o officer_n subaltern_a change_v from_o year_n to_o year_n to_o the_o end_n the_o administration_n of_o justice_n may_v be_v more_o indifferent_a 10_o for_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o trial_n thereof_o in_o several_a court_n according_a to_o law_n and_o equity_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o agree_v and_o most_o necessary_a discord_n as_o it_o be_v concordi_fw-la discordia_fw-la whereby_o the_o body_n of_o justice_n be_v support_v by_o strive_v as_o the_o stone_n uphold_v a_o vault_n as_o cato_n say_v 11_o for_o that_o the_o judge_n in_o criminal_a cause_n do_v change_v from_o time_n to_o time_n their_o circuit_n and_o inferior_a judge_n of_o the_o court_n do_v execute_v the_o place_n as_o well_o as_o superior_a judge_n whereby_o partiality_n be_v prevent_v 12_o for_o that_o the_o law_n tend_v most_o careful_o for_o the_o good_a and_o preservation_n of_o life_n and_o good_n of_o every_o good_a and_o honest_a man_n see_v that_o even_o in_o criminal_a cause_n it_o have_v provide_v as_o much_o as_o may_v stand_v with_o justice_n a_o help_n and_o favour_n permit_v the_o judge_n to_o order_v the_o plead_n of_o offender_n and_o to_o instruct_v they_o to_o avoid_v mispleading_a and_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o except_v against_o the_o juror_n which_o they_o dislike_v 13_o for_o that_o it_o do_v forbid_v the_o sale_n of_o office_n thereby_o intend_v due_a administration_n of_o justice_n for_o where_o office_n be_v sell_v as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o great_a there_o justice_n be_v common_o sell_v by_o
coelo_fw-la the_o rather_o for_o that_o so_o many_o good_a act_n of_o parliament_n have_v be_v make_v long_o since_o concern_v the_o same_o when_o the_o staple_n of_o our_o commodity_n do_v flourish_v both_o here_o and_o beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o 1622._o the_o maintenance_n of_o â—ree_a trade_n anno_fw-la 1622._o and_o have_v of_o late_o publish_v ten_o cause_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o trade_n it_o may_v be_v think_v convenient_a to_o examine_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o say_a point_n 1_o the_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o the_o overualuation_n consequent_o of_o foreign_a coin_n unto_o we_o which_o be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o want_n of_o money_n in_o england_n 2_o usury_n politic_a practise_v by_o many_o and_o abandon_v trade_n 3_o the_o litigious_a suit_n in_o law_n to_o the_o hindrance_n of_o trade_n 4_o the_o neglect_n of_o the_o fish_n trade_n preoccupy_v by_o other_o nation_n 5_o 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cheese_n clothes_n and_o other_o commodity_n be_v call_v staple_n merchandise_n the_o port_n from_o whence_o the_o say_v commodity_n be_v to_o be_v transport_v be_v call_v staple_n port_n as_o london_n westminster_n hull_n boyston_n bristol_n southampton_n new_a castle_n and_o other_o place_n the_o place_n of_o residence_n of_o these_o merchant_n both_o within_o this_o land_n and_o beyond_o the_o sea_n be_v call_v the_o staple_n the_o law_n and_o ordinance_n make_v by_o the_o say_a merchant_n be_v call_v staple_n law_n under_o their_o government_n consist_v of_o a_o mayor_n two_o constable_n and_o other_o officer_n have_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o kingdom_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n flourish_v to_o the_o great_a enrich_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n and_o it_o have_v be_v support_v and_o assist_v by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o state_n in_o all_o age_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o 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merchant_n such_o be_v the_o free_a trade_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o those_o day_n wherein_o the_o subject_n of_o all_o sort_n upon_o all_o occasion_n may_v free_o participate_v under_o government_n at_o these_o staple_n be_v the_o king_n custom_n due_o collect_v and_o by_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o staple_n at_o two_o several_a time_n pay_v into_o the_o king_n exchequer_n and_o by_o their_o government_n be_v many_o inconueniency_n prevent_v whereby_o the_o former_a cause_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o trade_n be_v either_o moderate_v or_o reform_v namely_o 1_o the_o money_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v require_v to_o be_v answer_v in_o true_a exchange_n according_a to_o their_o intrinsike_n value_n and_o their_o doller_n or_o other_o foreign_a coin_n be_v by_o the_o mayor_n and_o constable_n value_v according_o for_o there_o be_v no_o merchandise_v exchange_n use_v neither_o be_v banker_n know_v and_o when_o there_o want_v money_n in_o the_o kingdom_n or_o be_v like_a to_o want_v order_n 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