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A10801 A sacred septenarie, or The seuen last wordes of our Sauiour Christ vttered vpon the crosse, (with the necessary circumstances of the same:) expounded by a commentary, gathered out of the holy Scriptures, the writings of the ancient fathers, and later diuines. By Alexander Roberts, Bachelour in Diuinity; and preacher of Gods word at Kings Linne, in Norfolke. Roberts, Alexander, d. 1620. 1614 (1614) STC 21074; ESTC S115974 219,904 265

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of compunction So Moses expostulateth vehemently with Aaron for making the golden y Bernardus in Cantica serm 44. calfe Exod. 32. 21. Elias is not afraid to set before Achabs eyes both his exorbitant sinnes and the heauy wrath and vengeance of God for the same 1. King 21. And Iohn the Baptist telleth Herod Antipas boldly that it was not lawfull for him to haue his brothers wife Matth. 14. 4. Paul withstandeth Peter to his face when he dissembled and went not with a right foot z De hac Petri reprehensione sunt Augustini Hieronymi Epistolae Gal. 2. 14. And there be many weighty causes which may enforce this duty vpon euery Christian First the earnest desire and zeale to aduance and preserue the glory of God of which Dauid the zeale of thy house hath consumed mee Psal 69. 9. And Elias I haue been very zealous for the Lord of hostes because the children of Israel haue broken thy couenant 1. King 19. 20. Nehemias rebuked the Princes and Rulers when they oppressed their brethren with vsurie and he set a great assembly against them Neh. 5. 7. Secondly the profit and benefit arising from thence for if thy brother heare thee and thy reprehension thou hast gained him Math. 18. 15. And in this regard we are charged with feare to pull some out of the fire Iude 23. For there be no bowels of mercy in him who can weepe for a body from which the soule is departed and doth not lament that soule which God hath forsaken Thirdly the danger of neglect in this case and that both in the offendor and the sparer to reproue For the sparer is hereby made through his conniuencie an accessarie to the transgressor and to all the a Agapetus in Capitulis admonitorijs ad Iustinianum Augustinus de Ciuitate Dei lib. 1. cap. 9. Gregorius Mag. in pastorali sinnes which he committeth and might by his meanes haue been hindred And this is that which God said to Eli the Priest how he would iudge his house for euer for the iniquitie which he knew because his sonnes ranne into a slander and hee stayed them not 1. Sam. 3. 13. For they which behold euill done and be tongue-tyed to finde fault doe deny to apply remedie to those wounds which they might heale In the offendor for hereby when in the beginning there is no restraint hee is heartned to goe on and increase in his wickednesse Absolom who had no punishment for the vnnaturall murther of his brother Ammon falleth into a relapse and committeth parricide seeking to take away the life and kingdome of his Father 2. Sam. 13. 28. 15. 13. Seeing then this duty is so needfull but hard to be performed which b In Paedagog lib. 1. cap. 8. Clemens Alexandrinus very fitly calleth the Chirurgerie of the soule Augustine a c In Enchiridio cap. 72. spirituall almes that we may apply and bestow the same to the recouering of health and increasing benefit vnto others these two rules are to be obserued The first that we labour to bring the offendor to the knowledge of himselfe and his fault that he may vnderstand how grieuous it is and displeasing vnto God Thus Nathan the Prophet delt very cautelously with King Dauid setting before him his offence first vnder the couert and vaile of a Parable afterward shewed him the curtaine pulled aside in his true shape the vglinesse of his adulterie and murther wherby forthwith confessing his wickednes fled vnto God for mercy intreating pardon by most earnest and humble prayer 2. Sam. 12. 7. 13. Psal 51. 12. c. The second is that when the transgressor once knoweth his wickednesse we striue to obtaine thus much of him that he may be heartily sorry for the same and endeuour by all meanes to amend it and to reforme himselfe wherof there is a singular and cleare example in the Corinthians whom the Apostle sharpely reproued for tolerating and bearing with an incestuous person amongst them 2. Cor. 7. 8. 9 10 for thereby they were made godly sorrowfull that is seriously fearing iudgement and vengeance wrought by the sentence of the law accusing and reuealing sinne and the wrath of God against the same yet not dispairing but comforting themselues vpon the confidence of a Mediator and for his sake crauing mercy from whence proceed many sweet and pleasant fruites d Wenrichius in locum 1 Care in amending those defects which the Apostle reprehended 2 Clearing of themselues desiring pardon an vndoubted proofe of their vnfained repentance and amendment 3 Indignation an holy anger against the incestuous person author of the publique scandall 4 Feare of the anger of God heauy punishments which be alwayes attendants vpon sinnes when they are not turned away by true conuersion 5 Desire to see and embrace Paul who with so fatherly and tender a care laboured to procure the saluation of this Church of Corinth 6 Zeale which is such an affection whereby the heart is stroken and pearced with that offence which is committed and wrong offered to a person beloued and specially when the glory of God and saluation of the Church is in question And this was now most vehement in these Corinthians in witnesse and confirmation whereof they excommunicated that wicked one 7 Reuenge the effect of zeale and hath reference to the excommunication of the incestuous party whereby they defended the glory of God and maintained the honour and reputation of their Church And by this example terrified others from committing the like sinne 8 Demonstration of their innocency disallowing both that present vncleannesse and all other disorders by which the Church of Corinth was defiled and stained And vpon those by whose industry and labour offenders are brought to stand thus affected the blessing of God resteth Prou. 24. 25. Rebuked him saying fearest thou not God seeing thou art in the same condemnation The solemne forme of the good theeues reprehension is expressed in these words and that for which hee rebuketh his fellow is not so much his outward blasphemy which with an vncleane mouth hee spewed forth against Christ as the puddle and filthy sinke from whence that came which was the want of the feare of God in his heart Those who feare not God run headlong into all kind of wickednesse and therefore the Apostle after the rehearsall of a long beadrowle of many lewde and abominable actions he addeth this as the cause of them all There was no feare of God Rom. 3. 18. And the selfe same doth the kingly Prophet affirm of Hypocrites and Epicures setting down their shape as it were vnto the world thus Wickednesse saith to the wicked man euen in my heart that there is no feare of God before his eyes Psal 36. 1. And Abraham when he went from the valley of Mambre into Palestina soiourned in Gerar dissembled Sarah to be his wife because he thought the feare of God was not in that place and therefore they would
repentant sinners that hee doth not onely forgiue their trespasses but furnish them g 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Manuel Paleologus Imperator oratione senta also with speciall giftes and endowments What were the sinnes of Manasses and how outragious wee may reade 2. King 21. from the second verse to the senenteenth yet God shewed mercy and imployed him in the restoring of both religion and policy decayed 2. Chron. 33. 14. who more offended Christ then Peter whom he denied simply in word afterward by oath and cursing that hee knew him not Math. 26. 70. 72 73. yet when hee rose from the dead as his especiallcare would haue his resurrection by name in particular tolde vnto him Mar. 16. 7. that so he might comfort h Georgius Wirth de vita Christi ex quatuor Euangelistis lib. 5. c. 66. Si hune Angelus non n●minatim exprimeret qui magistrum negauerat venire inter dis●ipul●s non a●deret vocatur ergo ex nomine ne desperet ex negatione Gregor homilia 21. him lest he should bee discouraged for his deniall and conceiue that hee was vtterly cast off and depriued of his Apostleshippe and doth most graciously as it were confirme againe vnto him his dignity and commit his sheepe and lambes to bee fed of him Iohn 21. 14. What benefite we are to receiue from this so great tender mercy Saint Paul teacheth vs by his own example when hee sayth It is a faithfull saying and worthy by al means to bee receiued that Christ Iesus came into the world to saue sinners for I my selfe was a persecutor a blasphemer and an oppressor neuerthelesse for this cause was I receiued to mercy that Iesus Christ should first shew on me all long suffering vnto the example of them which should in time to come belieue in him vnto eternall life 1. Timoth. 1. 15. 16. And is all i Augustinus de his verbis Apostoli one as if hee should thus haue spoken to euery spiritually-sicke person dispairing of himselfe hee who healed mee sent mee vnto thee and bad me goe and tell thee how long I was diseased and how soone healed how he called vnto me from out of heauen and with one word cast mee downe with another raysed me vp with the third freed and crowned mee what feare you why doe you doubt I who am now sound standing and secure speake to you sicke weake and distrusting Are you diseased come and be healed blinde come and receiue sight and you that are recouered bee thankefull And the Euangelist doth propound vnto vs this vnspeakeable loue of Christin three Parables of the wandring sheepe lost gr●●t and prodigall child in the first whereof as the cause of default may bee noted infirmity in the second ignorance in the third stubbornenesse yet the wandring sheepe is sought vp brought home the lost groat found the vnthrifty childe receyued at his returne for there is no malady so great but that the Almighty and mercifull Phisitian will and can heale Luke 15. And therefore calleth the wearied and heauy loaden to come vnto him and promiseth rest Math. 11. 28. k Est inter G●rsonis opera de hac Christi sententia tractatus noninutilis that where sinne hath flowed gr●ce may ouerflow Rom. 5. 20. Of this point more hath already beene deliuered Iesus said vnto him Verily I say vnto thee this day shalt thou be with me in Paradise Hitherto some thing hath beene spoken of the good theeues reproofe of his blaspheming fellow and his owne Petition made vnto Christ now followeth Christs answere and grant made vnto the same Wherein hee promiseth to giue him Paradise and this promise is illustrated from the circumstance of time this day from the society of those with whom hee shall conuerse there with me from the certainty of performance confirmed by an oath V●rily I say vnto thee Verily I say vnto thee This Amen l D● vocabulo Amen Angelus Caninius de locis Scripturae Hebrai●is cap. 5. A Christo vsurpatur in Euangelio Iohann● quinquagie● ab Apostolo Paulo decies octi●s in Apocalypsi quinquies in Epistolis Iohannis ter here vsed and Englished verily is a vehement asseueration and frequent with Christ oftentimes doubled in the Gospell according to Saint Iohn and an Hebrew word now receiued euery where and is as it were made a free Denizon in all languages deriued from that Roote by which fidelity and truth is signified and the vse thereof is twofold first in wishing or desiring and is translated by the 70. Interpreters So be it Deut. 27. 15. As in those solemne blessings and cursings to which all the people answered Amen Secondly in earnest affirmations and is as much as truely and stedfastly without any doubt and hath the force and power of an oath Esay 65. 16. Math. 6. 18. Iob 14. 12. And is added in the shutting vp ending of publike prayer when the whole Church the Minister pronouncing the words testifieth thereby their assent 1. Cor. 14. 16. And m Respicit Ap●stolus ad moren consuetudinem ve●● Ecclesiae in qud praeeunte voce Ministri pepulus cū precando tum gratias agendo respondebat Amen Andre●● 〈◊〉 lud 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chrysost Homilia 35. i. 〈◊〉 Episiol 〈…〉 ad Corinthios sao tempore ait Hyronimus Ecclesiam instar tonitrui rebo●re Amen 〈…〉 G. lat●s in this place it is a strong and forceable affirmation whereby erernall life is assured vnto the thiefe Neither did Christ beginne the tenure of his pardon vnto him for any other cause with this Amen or verily I say vnto thee but onely to secure his soule that whatsoeuer hee promised should accordingly bee performed It is the n Gueuara de monte Caluariae parte 2. cap. 22. vsuall practise amongst men first to make a bare promise afterwarde to adde an oath for greater strength but the sonne of God doth here the contrary first sweareth then promiseth Paradise The reasons why he did so are these 1. The thing promised was excellent 2. the thiefe to whom it was promised a great sinner 3. the promiser seemed to the world but of small credite who did now hang vpon the Crosse in shame and torment 4. there was present at the same time the dregges and base off-scowring of the people and the malitious Iewes wherefore seeing the stubbornenesse of the Iewes was inflexible and the faith of the thiefe yet weake and tender Christ added an oath then his promise that so all occasion of doubt and mistrust might be remoued Christ is not onely mercifull vnto those that belong o Platzius in luco succiso errorum Pontificiorum loco 30. Sadael contra Monachos Burdigalenses Articul 33. Ioh. Scharpius de Iustificatione heminis coram Deo controuersia 4. vnto him but will haue them also resolued of his loue and kindnesse therefore surely saith the Prophet he hath borne our infirmities and carried our sorrowes Esay 53. 4.
hope of his gratious promises and call vpon him in all our tryals and afflictions Thus Iacob when he feared the rage and festered wrath of his brother I pray thee O Lord deliuer me from the hand of Esau Gen. 32. 11. And Dauid thrust from his kingdome by his rebellious sonne Absolom Thou art a buckler for me my glory and the lifter vp of my head Psal 3. 3. Iehosophat environed with the great and sundry troups of his enemies There is no strength in vs to stand before this multitude that commeth against vs neither doe wee know what to doe but our eyes are towards thee 2. Chron. 20. 12. And the Iewes who presently and out of hand should haue been vtterly rooted out by the subtle plots and deuises of Haman betake themselues to prayer and fasting as their onely refuge Hester 4. 16. Great are the troubles of the righteous but the Lord deliuereth him out of them all Psal 34. 19. Let vs then bee patient in all tribulations submitting our Vse selues humbly vnder the mighty hand of God 1. Pet. 5. 6. And as the eyes of seruants looke vnto the hands of their masters and the eyes of a maide vnto the hands of her mistris so should our eyes waite vpon God vntill he haue mercy vpon vs Psal 123. 2. For we must depend on him alone in him repose our selues and rowle our waies vpon the Lord Trust in him and he shall bring it to passe Psal 37. 5. none is such a Father none so tender ouer vs and louing a Tertullianus de Patientia Commit thy wrongs done vnto him he will be the reuenger thy losse he will restore it thy sorrow hee will comfort thy life he will raise thee vp from death Father into thy hands I commit my spirit Christ vseth heere an especiall * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 terme of b Lexicon Iuridicum ex Brissonio Hotomēno aeijs collectum in vocabul● Depositum speech and of singular efficacie I commit my spirit for it signifieth to lay down as a pretious thing presently to be required againe and he to whom it is so committed is bound to a carefull and diligent keeping thereof and to restore the same Christ hath bound vp in the c Athanasius de susceptione humanae naturae bundell of life not onely his owne soule but of all the faithfull likewise and together commended them vnto God and to be quickned by him For we are his members and therefore it is without any question that the soules of the righteous loosed from the body passe into eternall life and the companie of the triumphant Church in heauen For to bee in heauen with Christ in the hand of God in Paradise in Abrahams bosome are phrases aequipollent of one and the same signification Wee know therefore saith St. Paul that if our earthly house of this tabernacle be destroyed wee haue a building giuen of God that is an house not made with hands but eternall in the heauens 2. Cor. 5. 1. And for this cause desireth to depart that he might be with Christ Philip. 1. 23. And Stephen in the last conflict prayeth Lord Iesu receiue my spirit Act. 7. 59. Lazarus after he is dead is said by the Angels to bee caried into Abrahams bosome Luk. 16. 22. And Paradise is promised to the confessing and beleeuing thiefe Luk. 23. 43. Iohn saw the soules of the faithfull vnder the altar in heauen Reuel 6. 8. The holy Ghost pronounceth them blessed who die in the Lord Apoc. 14. 13. And the wise man distinguishing of the two parts of man the soule and the body expresseth the dissimilitude of their condition thus dust shall returne to the earth as it was and the d Epicharmus Sapient is ver●● expressit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apud Plutarchum in oratione Consolatoria ad Ap 〈…〉 similem Xenarchi iocum quo nec Graecorum quisquam nac R●manorum ●sus est obseruauit vir clarissimus Isaacus Casaub●nus in s●●● ad Athaene●● animaduersi nibus lib. 13. cap. 3. qui est 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quomodo Da●id loquutus est Psal 119. Anima mihi assidue est in manu mea spirit to God that gaue it Eccles 12. 7. My purpose is not more fully to prosecute this point the summe of all is this the soules of the iust are in the hands of e Sic mors nihil est a●●d quam ●xi us anim● d●c●r●●re finis exilij laboris consumm●●o ad por●um applicatio pereorinati●●is fini●●o ●neris grauissimi dep●s●●io de domo r●inos● lib. ratio aegri●●dinum ●m●ium terminatio reditus in patriam ingressus in gloriam Holco●●s in 3. cap Sapi●●●●● God Wisdom 3. 1. in peace and rest in their beds Esay 57. 1. 2. Ierome thus speaketh of Blesilla that hauing cast off the burden of the flesh the soule hastened to her Creator and being a pilgrim long in earth came at the last to her ancient possession Vse 1. First by this are ouerthrowen the fantasticall conceits of naturall men and the wicked blasphemies of Heretikes of which sort were the f Diogenes La●rtius Herodotus in Euterpe Malchus de vita Pithagorae Ter 〈…〉 d● a●●●● in Apologetico cap. 8. Hieronymus ad●ersus Ruffin●m Lacta●i●s lib. 3. cap. 18. A●●● o●●● de bon● mortis cap. 10. Tbeodoretus in haerotico●●m fabularum compendi% in Epit●me 〈◊〉 de●retorū Pythagorians and Valentinians who imagined a wandring of soules out of one body into another with which idle dotage Iulian the g S●●rates hist●r 〈…〉 st lib. 3. cap. 21. Apostata was possessed and therfore boasted that somtime he had been Alexander the great Empedocles could remember when he was a fish and among the Iewes the Phari●ies were bewitched with this heathenish folly h Iosephus antiquitatum lib. 18. cap. 2● de bello Iudaico lib. 2. cap. 8. Herod Antipas seemeth to haue ●asted of this error for when hee heard of the fame of Iesus perswaded himselfe that it was Iohn the Baptist whom he had put to death Math. 14. 2. And in this ranke the Anabaptists are to be marshalled who haue deuised a new kind of soule-sleeping and thinke they are held in this drowsie Lethargy being once separated from the body vntill the day of iudgment when they shall bee awakened But the soules of the godly are said after death when they are departed to pr●●s● the Lord Reuel ●9 1. 2. to returne vnto him Eccles 12. but this cannot bee if they bee cast into a deepe sleepe Furthermore in this mortall life while the body sleepeth the soule neuer resteth but is occupied much more then when it is free and vnburdened of the i Caluinus de 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Petrus Martyr in 1. Cor. 13. Danaeus Isagoges parte 5. l. 1. cap. 19. flesh But I will not bestow more time to confute this absurd and sencelesse opinion against which many learned Diuines haue written so plentifully A second