end_n that_o the_o reader_n may_v know_v that_o those_o axiom_n be_v not_o indemonstrable_a &_o therefore_o not_o principle_n of_o demonstration_n and_o from_o hence_o learn_v to_o be_v wary_a how_o he_o admit_v any_o thing_n for_o a_o principle_n which_o be_v not_o at_o least_o as_o evident_a as_o these_o be_v great_a be_v define_v to_o be_v that_o who_o part_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o whole_a of_o another_o now_o if_o we_o suppose_v any_o whole_a to_o be_v a_o and_o a_o part_n of_o it_o to_o be_v b_o seeing_z the_o whole_a b_o be_v equal_a to_o itself_o and_o the_o same_o b_o be_v a_o part_n of_o a_o therefore_o a_o part_n of_o a_o will_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o whole_a b._n wherefore_o by_o the_o definition_n above_o a_o be_v great_a than_o b_o which_o be_v to_o be_v prove_v chap._n ix_o of_o cause_n and_o effect_n 1_o action_n and_o passion_n what_o they_o be_v 2_o action_n and_o passion_n mediate_v and_o immediate_a 3_o cause_n simple_o take_v cause_o without_o which_o no_o effect_n follow_v or_o cause_o necessary_a by_o supposition_n 4_o cause_n efficient_a and_o material_a 5_o a_o entire_a cause_n be_v always_o sufficient_a to_o produce_v its_o effect_n at_o the_o same_o instant_n that_o the_o cause_n be_v entire_a the_o effect_n be_v produce_v every_o effect_n have_v a_o necessary_a cause_n 6_o the_o generation_n of_o effect_n be_v continual_a what_o be_v the_o beginning_n in_o causation_n 7_o no_o cause_n of_o motion_n but_o in_o a_o body_n contiguous_a and_o move_v 8_o the_o same_o agent_n and_o patient_n if_o alike_o dispose_v produce_v like_o effect_n though_o at_o different_a time_n 9_o all_o mutation_n be_v motion_n 10_o contingent_a accident_n what_o they_o be_v 1_o a_o body_n be_v say_v to_o work_n upon_o or_o act_n that_o be_v to_o say_v do_v some_o thing_n to_o another_o body_n when_o it_o either_o generate_v or_o destroy_v some_o accident_n in_o it_o and_o the_o body_n in_o which_o a_o accident_n be_v generate_v or_o destroy_v be_v say_v to_o suffer_v that_o be_v to_o have_v something_o do_v to_o it_o by_o another_o body_n as_o when_o one_o body_n by_o put_v forward_o another_o body_n generate_v motion_n in_o it_o it_o be_v call_v the_o agent_n and_o the_o body_n in_o which_o motion_n be_v so_o generate_v be_v call_v the_o patient_n so_o fire_n that_o warm_v the_o hand_n be_v the_o agent_n and_o the_o hand_n which_o be_v warm_v be_v the_o patient_n that_o accident_n which_o be_v generate_v in_o the_o patient_n be_v call_v the_o effect_n 2_o when_o a_o agent_n and_o patient_n be_v contiguous_a to_o one_o another_o their_o action_n and_o reason_n be_v then_o say_v to_o be_v immediate_a otherwise_o mediate_v and_o when_o another_o body_n lie_v betwixt_o the_o agent_n and_o patient_n be_v contiguous_a to_o they_o both_o it_o be_v then_o itself_o both_o a_o agent_n and_o a_o patient_n a_o agent_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o body_n next_o after_o it_o upon_o which_o it_o work_v and_o a_o patient_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o body_n next_o before_o it_o from_o which_o it_o suffer_v also_o if_o many_o body_n be_v so_o order_v that_o every_o two_o which_o be_v next_o to_o one_o another_o be_v contiguous_a than_o all_o those_o that_o be_v betwixt_o the_o first_o and_o the_o last_o be_v both_o agent_n and_o patient_n and_o the_o first_o be_v a_o agent_n only_o and_o the_o last_o a_o patient_n only_o 3_o a_o agent_n be_v understand_v to_o produce_v its_o determine_a or_o certain_a effect_n in_o the_o patient_n according_a to_o some_o certain_a accident_n or_o accident_n with_o which_o both_o it_o and_o the_o patient_n be_v affect_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o agent_n have_v its_o effect_n precise_o such_o not_o because_o it_o be_v a_o body_n but_o because_o such_o a_o body_n or_o so_o move_v for_o otherwise_o all_o agent_n see_v they_o be_v all_o body_n alike_o will_v produce_v like_o effect_n in_o all_o patient_n and_o therefore_o the_o fire_n for_o example_n do_v not_o warm_a because_o it_o be_v a_o body_n but_o because_o it_o be_v hot_a nor_o do_v one_o body_n put_v forward_o another_o body_n because_o it_o be_v a_o body_n but_o because_o it_o be_v move_v into_o the_o place_n of_o that_o other_o body_n the_o cause_n therefore_o of_o all_o effect_n consist_v in_o certain_a accident_n both_o in_o the_o agent_n and_o in_o the_o patient_n which_o when_o they_o be_v all_o present_a the_o effect_n be_v produce_v but_o if_o any_o one_o of_o they_o be_v want_v it_o be_v not_o produce_v and_o that_o accident_n either_o of_o the_o agent_n or_o patient_n without_o which_o the_o effect_n can_v be_v produce_v be_v call_v causa_fw-la sine_fw-la qua_fw-la non_fw-la or_o cause_o necessary_a by_o supposition_n as_o also_o the_o cause_n requisite_a for_o the_o production_n of_o the_o effect_n but_o a_o cause_n simple_o or_o a_o entire_a cause_n be_v the_o aggregate_v of_o all_o the_o accident_n both_o of_o the_o agent_n how_o many_o soever_o they_o be_v and_o of_o the_o patient_n put_v together_o which_o when_o they_o be_v all_o suppose_a to_o be_v present_a it_o can_v be_v understand_v but_o that_o the_o effect_n be_v produce_v at_o the_o same_o instant_n and_o if_o any_o one_o of_o they_o be_v want_v it_o can_v be_v understand_v but_o that_o the_o effect_n be_v not_o produce_v 4_o the_o aggregate_v of_o accident_n in_o the_o agent_n or_o agent_n requisite_a for_o the_o production_n of_o the_o effect_n the_o effect_n be_v produce_v be_v call_v the_o efficient_a cause_n thereof_o and_o the_o aggregate_v of_o accident_n in_o the_o patient_n the_o effect_n be_v produce_v be_v usual_o call_v the_o material_a cause_n i_o say_v the_o effect_n be_v produce_v for_o where_o there_o be_v no_o effect_n there_o can_v be_v no_o cause_n for_o nothing_o can_v be_v call_v a_o cause_n where_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o can_v be_v call_v a_o effect_n but_o the_o efficient_a and_o material_a cause_n be_v both_o but_o partial_a cause_n or_o part_n of_o that_o cause_n which_o in_o the_o next_o precedent_n article_n i_o call_v a_o entire_a cause_n and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o effect_v we_o expect_v though_o the_o agent_n be_v not_o defective_a on_o their_o part_n may_v nevertheless_o be_v frustrate_v by_o a_o defect_n in_o the_o patient_n and_o when_o the_o patient_n be_v sufficient_a by_o a_o defect_n in_o the_o agent_n 5_o a_o entire_a cause_n be_v always_o sufficient_a for_o the_o production_n of_o its_o effect_n if_o the_o effect_v be_v at_o all_o possible_a for_o let_v any_o effect_n whatsoever_o be_v propound_v to_o be_v produce_v if_o the_o same_o be_v produce_v it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o cause_n which_o produce_v it_o be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o produce_v and_o yet_o be_v possible_a it_o be_v evident_a that_o something_o be_v want_v either_o in_o some_o agent_n or_o in_o the_o patient_n without_o which_o it_o can_v not_o be_v produce_v that_o be_v that_o some_o accident_n be_v want_v which_o be_v requisite_a for_o its_o production_n and_o therefore_o that_o cause_n be_v not_o entire_a which_o be_v contrary_a to_o what_o be_v suppose_v it_o follow_v also_o from_o hence_o that_o in_o whatsoever_o instant_n the_o cause_n be_v entire_a in_o the_o same_o instant_n the_o effect_n be_v produce_v for_o if_o it_o be_v not_o produce_v something_o be_v still_o want_v which_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o production_n of_o it_o and_o therefore_o the_o cause_n be_v not_o entire_a as_o be_v suppose_v and_o see_v a_o necessary_a cause_n be_v define_v to_o be_v that_o which_o be_v suppose_v the_o effect_n can_v but_o follow_v this_o also_o may_v be_v collect_v that_o whatsoever_o effect_n be_v produce_v at_o any_o time_n the_o same_o be_v produce_v by_o a_o necessary_a cause_n for_o whatsoever_o be_v produce_v in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v produce_v have_v a_o entire_a cause_n that_o be_v have_v all_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v suppose_v it_o can_v be_v understand_v but_o that_o the_o effect_n follow_v that_o be_v it_o have_v a_o necessary_a cause_n and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n it_o may_v be_v show_v that_o whatsoever_o effect_n be_v hereafter_o to_o be_v produce_v shall_v have_v a_o necessary_a cause_n so_o that_o all_o the_o effect_n that_o have_v be_v or_o shall_v be_v produce_v have_v their_o ne_n cessity_n in_o thing_n antecedent_n 6_o and_o from_o this_o that_o whensoever_o the_o cause_n be_v entire_a the_o effect_n be_v produce_v in_o the_o same_o instant_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o causation_n and_o the_o production_n of_o effect_n consist_v in_o a_o certain_a continual_a progress_n so_o that_o as_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a mutation_n in_o the_o agent_n or_o agent_n by_o the_o work_n of_o other_o agent_n upon_o they_o so_o also_o the_o patient_n upon_o
produce_v and_o power_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o same_o effect_n to_o be_v produce_v hereafter_o so_o that_o cause_o respect_v the_o past_a power_n the_o future_a time_n also_o the_o power_n of_o the_o agent_n be_v that_o which_o be_v common_o call_v active_a power_n in_o like_a manner_n whensoever_o any_o patient_n have_v all_o those_o accident_n which_o it_o be_v requisite_a it_o shall_v have_v for_o the_o production_n of_o some_o effect_n in_o it_o we_o say_v it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o that_o patient_n to_o produce_v that_o effect_n if_o it_o be_v apply_v to_o a_o fit_a agent_n but_o those_o accident_n as_o be_v define_v in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n constitute_v the_o material_a cause_n and_o therefore_o the_o power_n of_o the_o patient_n common_o call_v passive_a power_n and_o material_a cause_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n but_o with_o this_o different_a consideration_n that_o in_o cause_n the_o past_a time_n and_o in_o power_n the_o future_a be_v respect_v wherefore_o the_o power_n of_o the_o agent_n and_o patient_n together_o which_o may_v be_v call_v entire_a or_o plenary_a power_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n with_o entire_a cause_n for_o they_o both_o consist_v in_o the_o sum_n or_o aggregate_v of_o all_o the_o accident_n as_o well_o in_o the_o agent_n as_o in_o the_o patient_n which_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o production_n of_o the_o effect_n last_o as_o the_o accident_n produce_v be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o cause_n call_v a_o effect_n so_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o power_n it_o be_v call_v a_o act._n 2_o as_o therefore_o the_o effect_n be_v produce_v in_o the_o same_o instant_n in_o which_o the_o cause_n be_v entire_a so_o also_o every_o act_n that_o may_v be_v produce_v be_v produce_v in_o the_o same_o instant_n in_o which_o the_o power_n be_v plenary_a and_o as_o there_o can_v be_v no_o effect_n but_o from_o a_o sufficient_a and_o necessary_a cause_n so_o also_o no_o act_n can_v be_v produce_v but_o by_o sufficient_a power_n or_o that_o power_n by_o which_o it_o can_v not_o but_o be_v produce_v 3_o and_o as_o it_o be_v manifest_a as_o i_o have_v show_v that_o the_o efficient_a and_o material_a cause_n be_v several_o and_o by_o themselves_o part_v only_o of_o a_o entire_a cause_n and_o can_v produce_v any_o effect_n but_o by_o be_v join_v together_o so_o also_o power_n active_a and_o passive_a be_v part_n only_o of_o plenary_a and_o entire_a power_n nor_o except_o they_o be_v join_v can_v any_o act_n proceed_v from_o they_o and_o therefore_o these_o power_n as_o i_o say_v in_o the_o first_o article_n be_v but_o conditional_a namely_o the_o agent_n have_v power_n if_o it_o be_v apply_v to_o a_o patient_n and_o the_o patient_n have_v power_n if_o it_o be_v apply_v to_o a_o agent_n otherwise_o neither_o of_o they_o have_v power_n nor_o can_v the_o accident_n which_o be_v in_o they_o several_o be_v proper_o call_v power_n nor_o any_o action_n be_v say_v to_o be_v possible_a for_o the_o power_n of_o the_o agent_n alone_o or_o of_o the_o patient_n alone_o 4_o for_o that_o be_v a_o impossible_a act_n for_o the_o production_n of_o which_o there_o be_v no_o power_n plenary_a for_o see_v plenary_a power_n be_v that_o in_o which_o all_o thing_n concur_v which_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o production_n of_o a_o act_n if_o the_o power_n shall_v never_o be_v plenary_a there_o will_v always_o be_v want_v some_o of_o those_o thing_n without_o which_o the_o act_n can_v be_v produce_v wherefore_o that_o act_n shall_v never_o be_v produce_v that_o be_v that_o act_n be_v impossible_a and_o every_o act_n which_o be_v not_o impossible_a be_v possible_a every_o act_n therefore_o which_o be_v possible_a shall_v at_o some_o time_n be_v produce_v for_o if_o it_o shall_v never_o be_v produce_v than_o those_o thing_n shall_v never_o concur_v which_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o production_n of_o it_o wherefore_o that_o act_n be_v impossible_a by_o the_o definition_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o what_o be_v suppose_v 5_o a_o necessary_a act_n be_v that_o the_o production_n whereof_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o hinder_v and_o therefore_o every_o act_n that_o shall_v be_v produce_v shall_v necessary_o be_v produce_v for_o that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v produce_v be_v impossible_a because_o as_o be_v already_o demonstrate_v every_o possible_a act_n shall_v at_o some_o time_n be_v produce_v nay_o this_o proposition_n what_o shall_v be_v shall_v be_v be_v as_o necessary_a a_o proposition_n as_o this_o a_o man_n be_v a_o man._n but_o here_o perhaps_o some_o man_n may_v ask_v whether_o those_o future_a thing_n which_o be_v common_o call_v contingent_n be_v necessary_a i_o say_v therefore_o that_o general_o all_o contingent_n have_v their_o necessary_a cause_n as_o be_v show_v in_o the_o precede_a chapter_n but_o be_v call_v contingent_n in_o respect_n of_o other_o event_n upon_o which_o they_o do_v not_o depend_v as_o the_o rain_n which_o shall_v be_v to_o morrow_n shall_v be_v necessary_o that_o be_v from_o necessary_a cause_n but_o we_o think_v and_o say_v it_o happen_v by_o chance_n because_o we_o do_v not_o yet_o perceive_v the_o cause_n thereof_o though_o they_o exist_v now_o for_o man_n common_o call_v that_o casual_a or_o contingent_a whereof_o they_o do_v not_o perceive_v the_o necessary_a cause_n and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n they_o use_v to_o speak_v of_o thing_n past_a when_o not_o know_v whether_o a_o thing_n be_v do_v or_o no_o they_o say_v it_o be_v possible_a it_o never_o be_v do_v wherefore_o all_o proposition_n concern_v future_a thing_n contingent_a or_o not_o contingent_a as_o this_o it_o will_v rain_v to_o morrow_n or_o this_o to_o morrow_n the_o sun_n will_v rise_v be_v either_o necessary_o true_a or_o necessary_o false_a but_o we_o call_v they_o contingent_a because_o we_o do_v not_o yet_o know_v whether_o they_o be_v true_a or_o false_a whereas_o their_o verity_n depend_v not_o upon_o our_o knowledge_n but_o upon_o the_o forego_n of_o their_o cause_n but_o there_o be_v some_o who_o though_o they_o confess_v this_o whole_a proposition_n to_o morrow_n it_o will_v either_o rain_n or_o not_o rain_n to_o be_v true_a yet_o they_o will_v not_o acknowledge_v the_o part_n of_o it_o as_o to_z morrow_n it_o will_v rain_v or_o to_o morrow_n it_o will_v not_o rain_v to_o be_v either_o of_o they_o true_a by_o itself_o because_o they_o say_v neither_o this_o nor_o that_o be_v true_a determinate_o but_o what_o be_v this_o determinate_o true_a but_o true_a upon_o our_o knowledge_n or_o evident_o true_a and_o therefore_o they_o say_v no_o more_o but_o that_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o know_v whether_o it_o be_v true_a or_o no_o but_o they_o say_v it_o more_o obscure_o and_o darken_v the_o evidence_n of_o the_o truth_n with_o the_o same_o word_n with_o which_o they_o endeavour_v to_o hide_v their_o own_o ignorance_n 6_o in_o the_o 9th_o article_n of_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n i_o have_v show_v that_o the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o all_o motion_n and_o mutation_n consist_v in_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o agent_n or_o agent_n and_o in_o the_o first_o article_n of_o this_o chapter_n that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o agent_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n with_o the_o efficient_a cause_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v understand_v that_o all_o active_a power_n consist_v in_o motion_n also_o and_o that_o power_n be_v not_o a_o certain_a accident_n which_o differ_v from_o all_o act_n but_o be_v indeed_o a_o act_n namely_o motion_n which_o be_v therefore_o call_v power_n because_o another_o act_n shall_v be_v produce_v by_o it_o afterward_o for_o example_n if_o of_o three_o body_n the_o first_o put_v forward_o the_o second_o and_o this_o the_o three_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o second_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o first_o which_o produce_v it_o be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o second_o body_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o three_o it_o be_v the_o active_a power_n of_o the_o same_o second_o body_n 7_o the_o writer_n of_o metaphysic_n reckon_v up_o two_o other_o cause_n beside_o the_o efficient_a and_o material_a namely_o the_o essence_n which_o some_o call_v the_o formal_a cause_n and_o the_o end_n or_o final_a cause_n both_o which_o be_v nevertheless_o efficient_a cause_n for_o when_o it_o be_v say_v the_o essence_n of_o a_o thing_n be_v the_o cause_n thereof_o as_o to_o be_v rational_a be_v the_o cause_n of_o man_n it_o be_v not_o intelligible_a for_o it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o man_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o man_n which_o be_v not_o well_o say_v and_o yet_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o essence_n of_o any_o thing_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o for_o if_o i_o first_o know_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v rational_a i_o know_v from_o thence_o that_o the_o same_o be_v man_n but_o this_o be_v no_o
which_o they_o work_v be_v continual_o alter_v and_o change_v for_o example_n as_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n increase_v more_o and_o more_o so_o also_o the_o effect_n thereof_o namely_o the_o heat_n of_o such_o body_n as_o be_v next_o to_o it_o &_o again_o of_o such_o other_o body_n as_o be_v next_o to_o they_o increase_v more_o &_o more_o according_o which_o be_v already_o no_o little_a argument_n that_o all_o mutation_n consist_v in_o motion_n only_o the_o truth_n whereof_o shall_v be_v further_o demonstrate_v in_o the_o nine_o article_n but_o in_o this_o progress_n of_o causation_n that_o be_v of_o action_n and_o passion_n if_o any_o man_n comprehend_v in_o his_o imagination_n a_o part_n thereof_o and_o divide_v the_o same_o into_o part_n the_o first_o part_n or_o beginning_n of_o it_o can_v be_v consider_v otherwise_o then_o as_o action_n or_o cause_n for_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v consider_v as_o effect_v or_o passion_n than_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o consider_v something_o before_o it_o for_o its_o cause_n or_o action_n which_o can_v be_v for_o nothing_o can_v be_v before_o the_o beginning_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o last_o part_n be_v consider_v only_o as_o effect_v for_o it_o can_v be_v call_v cause_n if_o nothing_o follow_v it_o but_o after_o the_o last_o nothing_o follow_v and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o all_o action_n the_o beginning_n and_o cause_n be_v take_v for_o the_o same_o thing_n but_o every_o one_o of_o the_o intermediate_v part_n be_v both_o action_n and_o passion_n and_o cause_n and_o effect_v according_a as_o they_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o antecedent_n or_o subsequent_a part_n 7_o there_o can_v be_v no_o cause_n of_o motion_n except_o in_o a_o body_n contiguous_a and_o move_v for_o let_v there_o be_v any_o two_o body_n which_o be_v not_o contiguous_a and_o betwixt_o which_o the_o intermediate_v space_n be_v empty_a or_o if_o fill_v fill_v with_o another_o body_n which_o be_v at_o rest_n and_o let_v one_o of_o the_o propound_a body_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v at_o rest_n i_o say_v it_o shall_v always_o be_v at_o rest._n for_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v move_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o motion_n by_o the_o 8_o chapter_n 19_o article_n will_v be_v in_o some_o external_a body_n and_o therefore_o if_o between_o it_o and_o that_o external_a body_n there_o be_v nothing_o but_o empty_a space_n than_o whatsoever_o the_o disposition_n be_v of_o that_o external_a body_n or_o of_o the_o patient_n itself_o yet_o if_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v now_o at_o rest_n we_o may_v conceive_v it_o will_v continue_v so_o till_o it_o be_v touch_v by_o some_o other_o body_n but_o see_v cause_n by_o the_o definition_n be_v the_o aggregate_v of_o all_o such_o accident_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v present_a it_o can_v be_v conceive_v but_o that_o the_o effect_n will_v follow_v those_o accident_n which_o be_v either_o in_o external_a body_n or_o in_o the_o patient_n itself_o can_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o future_a motion_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n see_v we_o may_v conceive_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v at_o rest_n will_v still_o be_v at_o rest_n though_o it_o be_v touch_v by_o some_o other_o body_n except_o that_o other_o body_n be_v move_v therefore_o in_o a_o contiguous_a body_n which_o be_v at_o rest_n there_o can_v be_v no_o cause_n of_o motion_n wherefore_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n of_o motion_n in_o any_o body_n except_o it_o be_v contiguous_a and_o move_v the_o same_o reason_n may_v serve_v to_o prove_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v move_v will_v always_o be_v move_v on_o in_o the_o same_o way_n and_o with_o the_o same_o velocity_n except_o it_o be_v hinder_v by_o some_o other_o contiguous_a and_o move_v body_n and_o consequent_o that_o no_o body_n either_o when_o they_o be_v at_o rest_n or_o when_o there_o be_v a_o interposition_n of_o vacuum_n can_v generate_v or_o extinguish_v or_o lesson_n motion_n in_o other_o body_n there_o be_v one_o that_o have_v write_v that_o thing_n move_v be_v more_o resist_v by_o thing_n at_o rest_n then_o by_o thing_n contrary_o move_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o he_o conceive_v motion_n not_o to_o be_v so_o contrary_a to_o motion_n as_o rest._n that_o which_o deceive_v he_o be_v that_o the_o word_n rest_v and_o motion_n be_v but_o contradictory_n name_n whereas_o motion_n indeed_o be_v not_o resist_v by_o rest_n but_o by_o contrary_a motion_n 8_o but_o if_o a_o body_n work_v upon_o another_o body_n at_o one_o time_n and_o afterward_o the_o same_o body_n work_v upon_o the_o same_o body_n at_o another_o time_n so_o that_o both_o the_o agent_n and_o patient_n and_o all_o their_o part_n be_v in_o all_o thing_n as_o they_o be_v and_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n except_o only_o in_o time_n that_o be_v that_o one_o action_n be_v former_a the_o other_o late_a in_o time_n it_o be_v manifest_a of_o itself_o that_o the_o effect_n will_v be_v equal_a and_o like_a as_o not_o differ_v in_o any_o thing_n beside_o time_n and_o as_o effect_n themselves_o proceed_v from_o their_o cause_n so_o the_o diversity_n of_o they_o depend_v upon_o the_o diversity_n of_o their_o cause_n also_o 9_o this_o be_v true_a it_o be_v necessary_a that_o mutation_n can_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o that_o body_n which_o be_v change_v for_o first_o we_o do_v not_o say_v any_o thing_n be_v change_v but_o that_o which_o appear_v to_o our_o sense_n otherwise_o than_o it_o appear_v former_o second_o both_o those_o appearance_n be_v effect_n produce_v in_o the_o sentient_a &_o therefore_o if_o they_o be_v different_a it_o be_v necessary_a by_o the_o precede_a article_n that_o either_o some_o part_n of_o the_o agent_n which_o be_v former_o at_o rest_n be_v now_o move_v and_o so_o the_o mutation_n consist_v in_o this_o motion_n or_o some_o part_n which_o be_v former_o move_v be_v now_o otherwise_o move_v and_o so_o also_o the_o mutation_n consist_v in_o this_o new_a motion_n or_o which_o be_v former_o move_v be_v now_o at_o rest_n which_o as_o i_o have_v show_v above_o can_v come_v to_o pass_v without_o motion_n and_o so_o again_o mutation_n be_v motion_n or_o last_o it_o happen_v in_o some_o of_o these_o manner_n to_o the_o patient_n or_o some_o of_o its_o part_n so_o that_o mutation_n howsoever_o it_o be_v make_v will_v consist_v in_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n either_o of_o the_o body_n which_o be_v perceive_v or_o of_o the_o sentient_a body_n or_o of_o both_o mutation_n therefore_o be_v motion_n namely_o of_o the_o part_n either_o of_o the_o agent_n or_o of_o the_o patient_n which_o be_v to_o be_v demonstrate_v and_o to_o this_o it_o be_v consequent_a that_o rest_n can_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o any_o thing_n nor_o can_v any_o action_n proceed_v from_o it_o see_v neither_o motion_n nor_o mutation_n can_v be_v cause_v by_o it_o 10_o accident_n in_o respect_n of_o other_o accident_n which_o precede_v they_o or_o be_v before_o they_o in_o time_n &_o upon_o which_o they_o do_v not_o depend_v as_o upon_o their_o cause_n be_v call_v contingent_a accident_n i_o say_v in_o respect_n of_o those_o accident_n by_o which_o they_o be_v not_o generate_v for_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o cause_n all_o thing_n come_v to_o pass_v with_o equal_a necessity_n for_o otherwise_o they_o will_v have_v no_o cause_n at_o all_o which_o of_o thing_n generate_v be_v not_o intelligible_a chap._n x._o of_o power_n and_o act._n 1_o power_n and_o cause_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n 2_o a_o act_n be_v produce_v at_o the_o same_o instant_n in_o which_o the_o power_n be_v plenary_a 3_o active_a and_o passive_a power_n be_v part_n only_o of_o plenary_a power_n 4_o a_o act_n when_o say_v to_o be_v possible_a 5_o a_o act_n necessary_a and_o contingent_a what_o 6_o active_a power_n consist_v in_o motion_n 7_o cause_v formal_n and_o final_a what_o they_o be_v 1correspondent_a to_o cause_n and_o effect_n be_v power_n and_o act_n nay_o those_o and_o these_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n though_o for_o divers_a consideration_n they_o have_v divers_a name_n forwhensoever_o any_o agent_n have_v all_o those_o accident_n which_o be_v necessary_o requisite_a for_o the_o production_n of_o some_o effect_n in_o the_o patient_n than_o we_o say_v that_o agent_n have_v power_n to_o produce_v that_o effect_n if_o it_o be_v apply_v to_o a_o patient_n but_o as_o i_o have_v show_v in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n those_o accident_n constitute_v the_o efficient_a cause_n and_o therefore_o the_o same_o accident_n which_o constitute_v the_o efficient_a cause_n constitute_v also_o the_o power_n of_o the_o agent_n wherefore_o the_o power_n of_o the_o agent_n and_o the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v the_o same_o thing_n but_o they_o be_v consider_v with_o this_o difference_n that_o cause_o be_v so_o call_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o effect_n already_o
which_o be_v do_v the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v cf._n see_v therefore_o the_o annual_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o circumference_n of_o a_o ellipsis_n of_o which_o ♑_o ♋_o be_v the_o great_a axis_n ab_fw-la can_v be_v the_o lesser_a axis_n for_o ab_fw-la and_o ♑_o ♋_o be_v equal_a wherefore_o the_o earth_n pass_v through_o a_o &_o b_o will_v either_o pass_v above_o ♑_o as_o through_o g_o or_o pass_v through_o ♑_o will_n fall_n between_o c_o and_o a_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n which_o let_v it_o pass_v therefore_o through_o g_o and_o let_v gl_o be_v take_v equal_a to_o the_o straight_a line_n ♑_o ♋_o and_o divide_v gl_o equal_o in_o i_o gi_z will_v be_v equal_a to_o ♑_o ♋_o &_o ill_a equal_a to_o f_o ♋_o and_o consequent_o the_o point_n i_o will_v cut_v the_o excentricity_n cf_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n and_o take_v ih_v equal_a to_o if_o hi_o will_v be_v the_o whole_a excentricity_n if_o now_o a_o straight_a line_n namely_o the_o line_n ♎_o i_o ♈_o be_v draw_v through_o i_o parallel_n to_o the_o straight_a line_n ab_fw-la and_o ed_z the_o way_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o summer_n namely_o the_o arch_n ♎_o g_o ♈_o will_v be_v great_a than_o his_o way_n in_o winter_n by_o 8_o degree_n and_o ¼_n wherefore_o the_o true_a aequinox_n will_v be_v in_o the_o straight_a line_n ♎_o i_o ♈_o and_o therefore_o the_o ellipsis_n of_o the_o earth_n annual_a motion_n will_v not_o pass_v through_o a_o g_o b_o &_o l_o but_o through_o ♎_o g_o ♈_o &_o l._n wherefore_o the_o annual_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o ellipsis_n ♎_o g_o ♈_o l_o and_o can_v be_v the_o excentricity_n be_v salve_v in_o any_o other_o line_n and_o this_o perhaps_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o kepler_n against_o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o astronomer_n of_o former_a time_n think_v fit_a to_o bisect_v the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_n of_o the_o sun_n not_o by_o diminish_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o same_o excentricity_n because_o the_o true_a measure_n of_o that_o quantity_n be_v the_o difference_n by_o which_o the_o summer_n arch_n exceed_v the_o winter_n arch_n but_o by_o take_v for_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a of_o the_o great_a orb_n the_o point_n c_o near_o to_o f_o &_o so_o place_v the_o whole_a great_a orb_n as_o much_o near_a to_o the_o ecliptic_a of_o the_o fix_a star_n towards_o ♋_o as_o be_v the_o distance_n between_o c_o &_o i._o for_o see_v the_o whole_a great_a orb_n be_v but_o as_o a_o point_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o immense_a distance_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n the_o two_o straight_a line_n ♎_o ♈_o and_o ab_fw-la be_v produce_v both_o way_n to_o the_o beginning_n of_o aries_n and_o libra_n will_v fall_v upon_o the_o same_o point_n of_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n let_v therefore_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n mn_v be_v in_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o earth_n annual_a motion_n if_o now_o the_o earth_n be_v move_v by_o the_o sun_n simple_a motion_n in_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a about_o the_o centre_n i_o this_o diameter_n will_v be_v keep_v always_o parallel_v to_o itself_o and_o to_o the_o straight_a line_n gl_o but_o see_v the_o earth_n be_v move_v in_o the_o circumference_n of_o a_o ellipsis_n without_o the_o ecliptic_a the_o point_n n_o whilst_o it_o pass_v through_o ♎_o ♑_o ♈_o will_n go_v in_o a_o lesser_a circumference_n than_o the_o point_n m_o and_o consequent_o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v move_v it_o will_v lose_v its_o parallelisme_n with_o the_o straight_a line_n ♑_o ♋_o so_o that_o mn_v produce_v will_n at_o last_o cut_v the_o straight_a line_n gl_o produce_v and_o contrary_o as_o soon_o as_o mn_n be_v pass_v ♈_o the_o earth_n make_v its_o way_n in_o the_o internal_a ellipticall_a line_n ♈_o l_o ♎_o the_o same_o mn_v produce_v towards_o m_o will_v cut_v lg_v produce_v and_o when_o the_o earth_n have_v almost_o finish_v its_o whole_a circumference_n the_o same_o mn_v shall_v again_o make_v a_o right_a angle_n with_o a_o line_n draw_v from_o the_o centre_n i_o a_o little_a short_a of_o the_o point_n from_o which_o the_o earth_n begin_v its_o motion_n and_o there_o the_o next_o year_n shall_v be_v one_o of_o the_o aequinoctial_a point_n namely_o near_o the_o end_n of_o â™_o the_o other_o shall_v be_v opposite_a to_o it_o near_o the_o end_n of_o ♓_o and_o thus_o the_o point_n in_o which_o the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v make_v equal_a do_v every_o year_n fall_v back_o but_o with_o so_o slow_a a_o motion_n that_o in_o a_o whole_a year_n it_o make_v but_o 51_o first_o minute_n and_o this_o relapse_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o sign_n be_v common_o call_v the_o praecession_n of_o the_o aequinox_n of_o which_o i_o have_v from_o my_o former_a supposition_n deduce_v a_o possible_a cause_n which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v according_a to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o according_a to_o kepler_n who_o for_o the_o cause_n thereof_o suppose_v one_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v affect_v to_o the_o sun_n the_o other_o part_n to_o be_v disaffect_v the_o apogaeum_n &_o perigaeum_n of_o the_o sun_n shall_v be_v move_v every_o year_n in_o the_o same_o order_n and_o with_o the_o same_o velocity_n with_o which_o the_o aequinoctial_a point_n be_v move_v and_o their_o distance_n from_o they_o shall_v always_o be_v the_o quadrant_a of_o a_o circle_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v otherwise_o for_o astronomer_n say_v that_o the_o aequinox_n be_v now_o the_o one_o about_o 28_o degree_n go_v back_o from_o the_o first_o star_n of_o aries_n the_o other_o as_o much_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o libra_n so_o that_o the_o apogaeum_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o the_o aphelium_n of_o the_o earth_n ought_v to_o be_v about_o the_o 28_o degree_n of_o cancer_n but_o it_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v in_o the_o seven_o degree_n see_v therefore_o we_o have_v not_o sufficient_a evidence_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o so_o it_o be_v it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o seek_v for_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d why_o it_o be_v so_o wherefore_o as_o long_o as_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o apogaeum_n be_v not_o observable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o slowness_n thereof_o and_o as_o long_o as_o it_o remaive_v doubtful_a whether_o their_o distance_n from_o the_o aequinoctial_a point_n be_v more_o or_o less_o than_o a_o quadrant_a precise_o so_o long_v it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o i_o to_o think_v they_o proceed_v both_o of_o they_o with_o equal_a velocity_n also_o i_o do_v not_o at_o all_o meddle_v with_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o excentricity_n of_o saturn_n jupiter_n mars_n and_o mercury_n nevertheless_o see_v the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v as_o i_o have_v show_v be_v cause_v by_o the_o unlike_a constitution_n of_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v alternate_o turn_v towards_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v credible_a also_o that_o like_a effect_n may_v be_v produce_v in_o these_o other_o planet_n from_o their_o have_v their_o superficies_n of_o unlike_a part_n and_o this_o be_v all_o i_o shall_v say_v concern_v sidereal_a philosophy_n and_o though_o the_o cause_n i_o have_v here_o suppose_v be_v not_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o these_o phaenomena_n yet_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v that_o they_o be_v sufficient_a to_o produce_v they_o according_a to_o what_o i_o at_o first_o propound_v chap._n xxvii_o of_o light_n heatt_z and_o of_o colour_n 1_o of_o the_o immense_a magnitude_n of_o some_o body_n and_o the_o unspeakable_a littleness_n of_o other_o 2_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n 3_o how_o light_n heat_v 4_o the_o generation_n of_o fire_n from_o the_o sun_n 5_o the_o generation_n of_o fire_n from_o collision_n 6_o the_o cause_n of_o light_n in_o glow-worm_n rot_a wood_n and_o the_o bolonian_a stone_n 7_o the_o cause_n of_o light_n in_o the_o concussion_n of_o sea-water_n 8_o the_o cause_n of_o flame_n spark_n and_o colliquation_n 9_o the_o cause_n why_o wet_a hay_n sometime_o burn_v of_o its_o own_o accord_n also_o the_o cause_n of_o lightning_n 10_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o force_n of_o gunpowder_n and_o what_o be_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o coal_n what_o to_o the_o brimstone_n and_o what_o to_o the_o nitre_n 11_o how_o heat_n be_v cause_v by_o attrition_n 12_o the_o distinction_n of_o light_n into_o first_o second_o etc._n etc._n 13_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o colour_n we_o see_v in_o look_v through_o a_o prisma_fw-la of_o glass_n namely_o of_o red_a yellow_a blue_a and_o violet_a colour_n 14_o why_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o star_n appear_v red_a in_o the_o horizon_n then_o in_o
indefinite_o that_o be_v to_o know_v as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v without_o propound_v to_o themselves_o any_o limit_a question_n or_o they_o inquire_v into_o the_o cause_n of_o some_o determine_a appearance_n or_o endeavour_v to_o find_v out_o the_o certainty_n of_o something_o in_o question_n as_o what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o light_n of_o heat_n of_o gravity_n of_o a_o figure_n propound_v and_o the_o like_a or_o in_o what_o subject_n any_o propound_a accident_n be_v inhaerent_a or_o what_o may_v conduce_v most_o to_o the_o generation_n of_o some_o propound_a effect_n from_o many_o accident_n or_o in_o what_o manner_n particular_a cause_n ought_v to_o be_v compound_v for_o the_o production_n of_o some_o certain_a effect_n now_o according_a to_o this_o variety_n of_o thing_n in_o question_n sometime_o the_o analyticall_a method_n be_v to_o be_v use_v and_o sometime_o the_o syntheticall_a 4_o but_o to_o those_o that_o search_v after_o science_n indefinite_o which_o consist_v in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o thing_n as_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o may_v be_v attain_v and_o the_o cause_n of_o singular_a thing_n be_v compound_v of_o the_o cause_n of_o universal_a or_o simple_a thing_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o they_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o universal_a thing_n or_o of_o such_o accident_n as_o be_v common_a to_o all_o body_n that_o be_v to_o all_o matter_n before_o they_o can_v know_v the_o cause_n of_o singular_a thing_n that_o be_v of_o those_o accident_n by_o which_o one_o thing_n be_v distinguish_v from_o another_o and_o again_o they_o must_v know_v what_o those_o universal_a thing_n be_v before_o they_o can_v know_v their_o cause_n moreover_o see_v universal_a thing_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o singular_a thing_n the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v acquire_v by_o reason_n that_o be_v by_o resolution_n for_o example_n if_o there_o be_v propound_v a_o conception_n or_o idea_n of_o some_o singular_a thing_n as_o of_o a_o square_a this_o square_n be_v to_o be_v resolve_v into_o a_o plain_a terminate_v with_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o equal_a and_o straight_a line_n and_o right_a angle_n for_o by_o this_o resolution_n we_o have_v these_o thing_n universal_a or_o agreeable_a to_o all_o matter_n namely_o line_n plain_n which_o contain_v superficies_n terminate_v angle_n straightness_n rectitude_n and_o equality_n and_o if_o we_o can_v find_v out_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o we_o may_v compound_v they_o all_o together_o into_o the_o cause_n of_o a_o square_n again_o if_o any_o man_n propound_v to_o himself_o the_o conception_n of_o gold_n he_o may_v by_o resolve_v come_v to_o the_o idea_n of_o solid_a visible_a heavy_a that_o be_v tend_v to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o downward_o and_o many_o other_o more_o universal_a than_o gold_n itself_o and_o these_o he_o may_v resolve_v again_o till_o he_o come_v to_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v most_o universal_a and_o in_o this_o manner_n by_o resolve_v continual_o we_o may_v come_v to_o know_v what_o those_o thing_n be_v who_o cause_n be_v first_o know_v several_o and_o afterward_o compound_v bring_v we_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o singular_a thing_n i_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o the_o method_n of_o attain_v to_o the_o universal_a knowledge_n of_o thing_n be_v pure_o analyticall_a 5_o but_o the_o cause_n of_o universal_a thing_n of_o those_o at_o least_o that_o have_v any_o cause_n be_v manifest_a of_o themselves_o or_o as_o they_o say_v common_o know_v to_o nature_n so_o that_o they_o need_v no_o method_n at_o all_o for_o they_o have_v all_o but_o one_o universal_a cause_n which_o be_v motion_n for_o the_o variety_n of_o all_o figure_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o variety_n of_o those_o motion_n by_o which_o they_o be_v make_v and_o motion_n can_v be_v understand_v to_o have_v any_o other_o cause_n beside_o motion_n nor_o have_v the_o variety_n of_o those_o thing_n we_o perceive_v by_o sense_n as_o of_o colour_n sound_n savour_n etc._n etc._n any_o other_o cause_n then_o motion_n reside_v partly_o in_o the_o object_n that_o work_v upon_o our_o sense_n and_o partly_o in_o ourselves_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o that_o it_o be_v manifest_o some_o kind_n of_o motion_n though_o we_o can_v without_o ratiocination_n come_v to_o know_v what_o kind_n for_o though_o many_o can_v understand_v till_o it_o be_v in_o some_o sort_n demonstrate_v to_o they_o that_o all_o mutation_n consist_v in_o motion_n yet_o this_o happen_v not_o from_o any_o obscurity_n in_o the_o thing_n itself_o for_o it_o be_v not_o intelligible_a that_o any_o thing_n can_v depart_v either_o from_o rest_n or_o from_o the_o motion_n it_o have_v except_o by_o motion_n but_o either_o by_o have_v their_o natural_a discourse_n corrupt_v with_o former_a opinion_n receive_v from_o their_o master_n or_o else_o for_o this_o that_o they_o do_v not_o at_o all_o bend_v their_o mind_n to_o the_o inquire_v out_o of_o truth_n 6_o by_o the_o knowledge_n therefore_o of_o universall_n and_o of_o their_o cause_n which_o be_v the_o first_o principle_n by_o which_o we_o know_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o thing_n we_o have_v in_o the_o first_o place_n their_o definition_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o explication_n of_o our_o simple_a conception_n for_o example_n he_o that_o have_v a_o true_a conception_n of_o place_n can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o this_o definition_n place_n be_v that_o space_n which_o be_v possess_v or_o fill_v adaequate_o by_o some_o body_n and_o so_o he_o that_o conceive_v motion_n aright_o can_v but_o know_v that_o motion_n be_v the_o privation_n of_o one_o place_n and_o the_o acquisition_n of_o another_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o have_v their_o generation_n or_o description_n as_o for_o example_n that_o a_o line_n be_v make_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o point_n superficies_n by_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o line_n and_o one_o motion_n by_o another_o motion_n etc._n etc._n it_o remain_v that_o we_o inquire_v what_o motion_n beget_v such_o and_o such_o effect_n as_o what_o motion_n make_v a_o straight_a line_n and_o what_o a_o circular_a what_o motion_n thrust_v what_o draw_v and_o by_o what_o way_n what_o make_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v see_v or_o hear_v to_o be_v see_v or_o hear_v sometime_o in_o one_o manner_n sometime_o in_o another_o now_o the_o method_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o enquiry_n be_v compositive_a for_o first_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v what_o effect_v a_o body_n move_v produce_v when_o we_o consider_v nothing_o in_o it_o beside_o its_o motion_n and_o we_o see_v present_o that_o this_o make_v a_o line_n or_o length_n next_o what_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o long_a body_n produce_v which_o we_o find_v to_o be_v superficies_n and_o so_o forward_o till_o we_o see_v what_o the_o effect_n of_o simple_a motion_n be_v and_o then_o in_o like_a manner_n we_o be_v to_o observe_v what_o proceed_v from_o the_o addition_n multiplication_n substraction_n and_o division_n of_o these_o motion_n and_o what_o effect_n what_o figure_n and_o what_o property_n they_o produce_v from_o which_o kind_n of_o contemplation_n spring_v that_o part_n of_o philosophy_n which_o be_v call_v geometry_n from_o this_o consideration_n of_o what_o be_v produce_v by_o simple_a motion_n we_o be_v to_o pass_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o what_o effect_n one_o body_n move_v work_v upon_o another_o and_o because_o there_o may_v be_v motion_n in_o all_o the_o several_a part_n of_o a_o body_n yet_o so_o as_o that_o the_o whole_a body_n remain_v still_o in_o the_o same_o place_n we_o must_v inquire_v first_o what_o motion_n cause_v such_o and_o such_o motion_n in_o the_o whole_a that_o be_v when_o one_o body_n invade_v another_o body_n which_o be_v either_o at_o rest_n or_o in_o motion_n what_o way_n and_o with_o what_o swiftness_n the_o invade_v body_n shall_v move_v and_o again_o what_o motion_n this_o second_o body_n will_v generate_v in_o a_o three_o and_o so_o forward_o from_o which_o contemplation_n shall_v be_v draw_v that_o part_n of_o philosophy_n which_o treat_v of_o motion_n in_o the_o three_o place_n we_o must_v proceed_v to_o the_o enquiry_n of_o such_o effect_n as_o be_v make_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o any_o body_n as_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o thing_n when_o they_o be_v the_o same_o yet_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v the_o same_o but_o change_v and_o here_o the_o thing_n we_o search_v after_o be_v sensible_a quality_n such_o as_o light_v colour_n transparency_n opacity_n sound_v odour_n savour_n heat_n cold_a and_o the_o like_a which_o because_o they_o can_v be_v know_v till_o we_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o sense_n itself_o therefore_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o see_v hear_v smell_a taste_v and_o touch_v belong_v to_o this_o three_o place_n and_o all_o those_o quality_n and_o change_n above_o mention_v be_v to_o be_v refer_v to_o
distance_n and_o the_o magnitude_n and_o splendour_n be_v see_v in_o more_o line_n and_o distance_n than_o one_o as_o it_o be_v in_o reflection_n or_o refraction_n than_o neither_o that_o splendour_n nor_o apparent_a magnitude_n be_v in_o the_o sun_n itself_o and_o therefore_o the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n can_v be_v the_o subject_a of_o that_o splendour_n and_o magnitude_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o air_n and_o other_o part_n will_v be_v reject_v till_o at_o last_o nothing_o remain_v which_o can_v be_v the_o subject_a of_o that_o splendour_n and_o magnitude_n but_o the_o sentient_n itself_o and_o this_o method_n in_o regard_n the_o subject_n be_v divide_v into_o part_n be_v analitycall_a and_o in_o regard_n the_o property_n both_o of_o the_o subject_a and_o accident_n be_v compare_v with_o the_o accident_n concern_v who_o subject_n the_o enquiry_n be_v make_v it_o be_v syntheticall_a 10_o but_o when_o we_o seek_v after_o the_o cause_n of_o any_o propound_a effect_n we_o must_v in_o the_o first_o place_n get_v into_o our_o mind_n a_o exact_a notion_n or_o idea_n of_o that_o which_o we_o call_v cause_n namely_o that_o a_o cause_n be_v the_o sum_n or_o aggregate_v of_o all_o such_o accident_n both_o in_o the_o agent_n and_o the_o patient_n as_o concur_v to_o the_o produce_v of_o the_o effect_v propound_v all_o which_o exist_v together_o it_o can_v be_v understand_v but_o that_o the_o effect_n exi_v with_o they_o or_o that_o it_o can_v possible_o exist_v if_o any_o one_o of_o they_o be_v absent_a this_o be_v know_v in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o must_v examine_v single_o every_o accident_n that_o accompany_v or_o praecede_v the_o effect_n as_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o conduce_v in_o any_o manner_n to_o the_o production_n of_o the_o same_o and_o see_v whether_o the_o propound_a effect_n may_v be_v conceive_v to_o exist_v without_o the_o existence_n of_o any_o of_o those_o accident_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n separate_v such_o accident_n as_o do_v not_o concur_v from_o such_o as_o concur_v to_o produce_v the_o say_a effect_n which_o be_v do_v we_o be_v to_o put_v together_o the_o concur_v accident_n and_o consider_v whether_o we_o can_v possible_o conceive_v that_o when_o these_o be_v all_o present_a the_o effect_v propound_v will_v not_o follow_v and_o if_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o effect_n will_v follow_v then_o that_o aggregate_v of_o accident_n be_v the_o entire_a cause_n otherwise_o not_o but_o we_o must_v still_o search_v out_o and_o put_v together_o other_o accident_n for_o example_n if_o the_o cause_n of_o light_n be_v propound_v to_o be_v seek_v out_o first_o we_o examine_v thing_n without_o we_o and_o find_v that_o whensoever_o light_n appear_v there_o be_v some_o principal_a object_n as_o it_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o light_n without_o which_o we_o can_v have_v any_o perception_n of_o light_n and_o therefore_o the_o concurrence_n of_o that_o object_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o generation_n of_o light_n next_o we_o consider_v the_o medium_fw-la and_o find_v that_o unless_o it_o be_v dispose_v in_o a_o certain_a manner_n namely_o that_o it_o be_v transparent_a though_o the_o object_n remain_v the_o same_o yet_o the_o effect_n will_v not_o follow_v and_o therefore_o the_o concurrence_n of_o transparency_n be_v also_o necessary_a to_o the_o generation_n of_o light_n three_o we_o observe_v our_o own_o body_n and_o find_v that_o by_o the_o indisposition_n of_o the_o eye_n the_o brain_n the_o nerve_n and_o the_o heart_n that_o be_v by_o obstruction_n stupidity_n and_o debility_n we_o be_v deprive_v of_o light_n so_o that_o a_o fit_a disposition_n of_o the_o organ_n to_o receive_v impression_n from_o without_o be_v likewise_o a_o necessary_a part_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o light_n again_o of_o all_o the_o accident_n inhaerent_a in_o the_o object_n there_o be_v none_o that_o can_v conduce_v to_o the_o effect_n of_o light_n but_o only_a action_n or_o a_o certain_a motion_n which_o can_v be_v conceive_v to_o be_v want_v whensoever_o the_o effect_n be_v present_a for_o that_o any_o thing_n may_v shine_v it_o be_v not_o requisite_a that_o it_o be_v of_o such_o or_o such_o magnitude_n or_o figure_n or_o that_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o it_o be_v move_v out_o of_o the_o place_n it_o be_v in_o unless_o it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v say_v that_o in_o the_o sun_n or_o other_o body_n that_o which_o cause_v light_n be_v the_o light_n it_o have_v in_o itself_o which_o yet_o be_v but_o a_o trifle_a exception_n see_v nothing_o be_v mean_v thereby_o but_o the_o cause_n of_o light_n as_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v say_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o light_n be_v that_o in_o the_o sun_n which_o produce_v it_o it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o the_o action_n by_o which_o light_n be_v generate_v be_v motion_n only_o in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o object_n which_o be_v understand_v we_o may_v easy_o conceive_v what_o it_o be_v the_o medium_fw-la contribute_v namely_o the_o continuation_n of_o that_o motion_n to_o the_o eye_n and_o last_o what_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o sentient_n contribute_v namely_o the_o continuation_n of_o the_o same_o motion_n to_o the_o last_o organ_n of_o sense_n the_o heart_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o cause_n of_o light_n may_v be_v make_v up_o of_o motion_n continue_v from_o the_o original_a of_o the_o same_o motion_n to_o the_o original_a of_o vital_a motion_n light_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o alteration_n of_o vital_a motion_n make_v by_o the_o impression_n upon_o it_o of_o motion_n continue_v from_o the_o object_n but_o i_o give_v this_o only_a for_o a_o example_n for_o i_o shall_v speak_v more_o at_o large_a of_o light_n and_o the_o generation_n of_o it_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o in_o the_o search_n out_o of_o cause_n there_o be_v need_v partly_o of_o the_o analyticall_a and_o partly_o of_o the_o syntheticall_a method_n of_o the_o analyticall_a to_o conceive_v how_o circumstance_n conduce_v several_o to_o the_o production_n of_o effect_n and_o of_o the_o syntheticall_a for_o the_o add_v together_o and_o compound_v of_o what_o they_o can_v effect_v single_o by_o themselves_o and_o thus_o much_o may_v serve_v for_o the_o method_n of_o invention_n it_o remain_v that_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o method_n of_o teach_v that_o be_v of_o demonstration_n and_o of_o the_o mean_n by_o which_o we_o demonstrate_v 11_o in_o the_o method_n of_o invention_n the_o use_n of_o word_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o they_o may_v serve_v for_o mark_n by_o which_o whatsoever_o we_o have_v find_v out_o may_v be_v recall_v to_o memory_n for_o without_o this_o all_o our_o invention_n perish_v nor_o will_v it_o be_v possible_a for_o we_o to_o go_v on_o from_o principle_n beyond_o a_o syllogism_n or_o two_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o weakness_n of_o memory_n for_o example_n if_o any_o man_n by_o consider_v a_o triangle_n set_v before_o he_o shall_v find_v that_o all_o its_o angle_n together_o take_v be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a angle_n and_o that_o by_o think_v of_o the_o same_o tacit_o without_o any_o use_n of_o word_n either_o understand_v or_o express_v and_o it_o shall_v happen_v afterward_o that_o another_o triangle_n unlike_o the_o former_a or_o the_o same_o in_o different_a situation_n shall_v be_v offer_v to_o his_o consideration_n he_o will_v not_o know_v ready_o whether_o the_o same_o property_n be_v in_o this_o last_o or_o no_o but_o will_v be_v force_v as_o often_o as_o a_o different_a triangle_n be_v bring_v before_o he_o and_o the_o difference_n of_o triangle_n be_v infinite_a to_o begin_v his_o contemplation_n anew_o which_o he_o will_v have_v no_o need_n to_o do_v if_o he_o have_v the_o use_n of_o name_n for_o every_o universal_a name_n denote_v the_o conception_n we_o have_v of_o infinite_a singular_a thing_n nevertheless_o as_o i_o say_v above_o they_o serve_v as_o mark_v for_o the_o help_n of_o our_o memory_n whereby_o we_o register_v to_o ourselves_o our_o own_o invention_n but_o not_o as_o sign_n by_o which_o we_o declare_v the_o same_o to_o other_o so_o that_o a_o man_n may_v be_v a_o philosopher_n alone_o by_o himself_o without_o any_o master_n adam_n have_v this_o capacity_n but_o to_o teach_v that_o be_v to_o demonstrate_v suppose_v two_o at_o the_o least_o and_o syllogistical_a speech_n 12_o and_o see_v teach_v be_v nothing_o but_o lead_v the_o mind_n of_o he_o we_o teach_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o our_o invention_n in_o that_o track_n by_o which_o we_o attain_v the_o same_o with_o our_o own_o mind_n therefore_o the_o same_o method_n that_o serve_v for_o our_o invention_n will_v serve_v also_o for_o demonstration_n to_o other_o save_v that_o we_o omit_v the_o first_o part_n of_o method_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o sense_n of_o thing_n to_o universal_a principle_n which_o
draw_v parallel_n to_o bd_o in_o the_o point_n where_o they_o cut_v the_o line_n befc_n but_o all_o the_o parallel_n to_o bd_o as_o re_z sf_n ac_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n that_o can_v possible_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la to_o the_o line_n befc_n make_v the_o area_n of_o the_o plain_a abefc_n and_o all_o the_o parallel_n to_o the_o same_o bd_o as_o qf_n oe_o db_n &_o the_o rest_n draw_v to_o the_o point_n where_o they_o cut_v the_o same_o line_n befc_n make_v the_o area_n of_o the_o plain_a befcd_n as_o therefore_o the_o aggregate_v of_o the_o swiftness_n wherewith_o the_o plain_a befcd_n be_v describe_v be_v to_o the_o aggregate_v of_o the_o swiftness_n wherewith_o the_o plain_a acfeb_n be_v describe_v so_o be_v the_o plain_n itself_o befcd_v to_o the_o plain_n itself_o acfeb_n but_o the_o aggregate_v of_o the_o time_n represent_v by_o the_o parallel_n ab_fw-la ge_n hf_n and_o the_o rest_n make_v also_o the_o area_n acfeb_n and_o therefore_o as_o the_o aggregate_v of_o all_o the_o line_n qf_n oe_o db_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o line_n parallel_v to_o bd_o and_o terminate_v in_o the_o line_n befc_n be_v to_o the_o aggregate_v of_o all_o the_o line_n hf_n ge_n ab_fw-la and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o line_n parallel_v to_o cd_o &_o terminate_v in_o the_o same_o line_n befc_n that_o be_v as_o the_o aggregate_v of_o the_o line_n of_o swiftness_n to_o the_o aggregate_v of_o the_o line_n of_o time_n or_o as_o the_o whole_a swiftness_n in_o the_o parallel_n to_o db_v to_o the_o whole_a time_n in_o the_o parallel_n to_o cd_o so_o be_v the_o plain_a befcd_v to_o the_o plain_a acfeb_fw-mi and_o the_o proportion_n of_o qf_a to_o fh_v and_o of_o oe_n to_o eglantine_n and_o of_o db_n to_o basilius_n and_o so_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n take_v together_o be_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o plain_a dbefc_n to_o the_o plain_a abefc_n but_o the_o line_n qf_n oe_o db_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v the_o line_n that_o design_v the_o swifness_n and_o the_o line_n hf_n ge_n ab_fw-la &_o the_o rest_n be_v the_o line_n that_o design_v the_o time_n of_o the_o motion_n and_o therefore_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o plain_a dbefc_n to_o the_o plain_a abefc_n be_v the_o proportion_n of_o all_o the_o velocity_n take_v together_o to_o all_o the_o time_n take_v together_o wherefore_o as_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o swiftness_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v to_o be_v demonstrate_v the_o same_o hold_v also_o in_o the_o diminution_n of_o the_o circle_n whereof_o the_o line_n of_o time_n be_v the_o semidiameter_n as_o may_v easy_o be_v conceive_v by_o imagine_v the_o whole_a plain_n abcd_v turn_v round_o upon_o the_o axis_n bd_o for_o the_o line_n befc_n will_v be_v every_o where_o in_o the_o superficies_n so_o make_v and_o the_o line_n hg_v ge_n ab_fw-la which_o here_o be_v parallellogram_n will_v be_v there_o cylinder_v the_o diameter_n of_o who_o base_n be_v the_o line_n hf_n ge_n ab_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o the_o altitude_n a_o point_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o quantity_n less_o than_o any_o quantity_n that_o can_v possible_o be_v name_v and_o the_o line_n qf_n oe_o db_n etc._n etc._n small_a solid_n who_o length_n and_o breadth_n be_v less_o than_o any_o quantity_n that_o can_v be_v name_v but_o this_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o unless_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o sum_n of_o the_o swiftness_n to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o sum_n of_o the_o time_n be_v determine_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o figure_n dbefc_n to_o the_o figure_n abefc_n can_v be_v determine_v three_o i_o define_v resistance_n to_o be_v the_o endeavour_n of_o one_o move_v body_n either_o whole_o or_o in_o part_n contrary_a to_o the_o endeavour_n of_o another_o move_a body_n which_o touch_v the_o same_o i_o say_v whole_o contrary_a when_o the_o endeavour_n of_o two_o body_n proceed_v in_o the_o same_o straight_a line_n from_o the_o opposite_a extreme_n and_o contrary_a in_o part_n when_o two_o body_n have_v their_o endeavour_n in_o two_o line_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o extreme_a point_n of_o a_o straight_a line_n meet_v without_o the_o same_o four_o that_o i_o may_v define_v what_o it_o be_v to_o press_n i_o say_v that_o of_o two_o move_v body_n one_o press_n the_o other_o when_o with_o its_o endeavour_n it_o make_v either_o all_o or_o part_n of_o the_o other_o body_n to_o go_v out_o of_o its_o place_n five_o a_o body_n which_o be_v press_v and_o not_o whole_o remove_v be_v say_v to_o restore_v itself_o when_o the_o press_a body_n be_v take_v away_o the_o part_n which_o be_v move_v do_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o internal_a constitution_n of_o the_o press_a body_n return_v every_o one_o into_o its_o own_o place_n and_o this_o we_o may_v observe_v in_o spring_n in_o blow_a bladder_n and_o in_o many_o other_o body_n who_o part_n yield_v more_o or_o less_o to_o the_o endeavour_n which_o the_o press_a body_n make_v at_o the_o first_o arrival_n but_o afterward_o when_o the_o press_a body_n be_v remove_v they_o do_v by_o some_o force_n within_o they_o restore_v themselves_o and_o give_v their_o whole_a body_n the_o same_o figure_n it_o have_v before_o six_o i_o define_v force_n to_o be_v the_o impetus_fw-la or_o quickness_n of_o motion_n multiply_v either_o into_o itself_o or_o into_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o movent_fw-la by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o say_v movent_fw-la work_v more_o or_o less_o upon_o the_o body_n that_o resist_v it_o 3_o have_v premise_v thus_o much_o i_o shall_v now_o demonstrate_v first_o that_o if_o a_o point_n move_v come_v to_o touch_v another_o point_n which_o be_v at_o rest_n how_o little_a soever_o the_o impetus_fw-la or_o quickness_n of_o its_o motion_n be_v it_o shall_v move_v that_o other_o point_n for_o if_o by_o that_o impetus_fw-la it_o do_v not_o at_o all_o move_v it_o out_o of_o its_o place_n neither_o shall_v it_o move_v it_o with_o double_a the_o same_o impetus_fw-la for_o nothing_o double_v be_v still_o nothing_o and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o shall_v never_o move_v it_o with_o that_o impetus_fw-la how_o many_o time_n soever_o it_o be_v multiply_v because_o nothing_o how_o soever_o it_o be_v multiply_v will_n for_o ever_o be_v nothing_o wherefore_o when_o a_o point_n be_v at_o rest_n if_o it_o do_v not_o yield_v to_o the_o least_o impetus_fw-la it_o will_v yield_v to_o none_o and_o consequent_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a that_o that_o which_o be_v at_o rest_n shall_v ever_o be_v move_v second_o that_o when_o a_o point_n move_v how_o little_a soever_o the_o impetus_fw-la thereof_o be_v fall_v upon_o a_o point_n of_o any_o body_n at_o rest_n how_o hard_o soever_o that_o body_n be_v it_o will_v at_o the_o first_o touch_n make_v it_o yield_v a_o little_a for_o if_o it_o do_v not_o yield_v to_o the_o impetus_fw-la which_o be_v in_o that_o point_n neither_o will_v it_o yield_v to_o the_o impetus_fw-la of_o never_o so_o many_o point_n which_o have_v all_o their_o impetus_fw-la several_o equal_v to_o the_o impetus_fw-la of_o that_o point_n for_o see_v all_o those_o point_n together_o work_v equal_o if_o any_o one_o of_o they_o have_v no_o effect_n the_o aggregate_v of_o they_o all_o together_o shall_v have_v no_o effect_n as_o many_o time_n tell_v as_o there_o be_v point_n in_o the_o whole_a body_n that_o be_v still_o no_o effect_n at_o all_o and_o by_o consequent_a there_o will_v be_v some_o body_n so_o hard_o that_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a to_o break_v they_o that_o be_v a_o finite_a hardness_n or_o a_o finite_a force_n will_v not_o yield_v to_o that_o which_o be_v infinite_a which_o be_v absurd_a corollary_n it_o be_v therefore_o manifest_a that_o rest_n do_v nothing_o at_o all_o nor_o be_v of_o any_o efficacy_n and_o that_o nothing_o but_o motion_n give_v motion_n to_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v at_o rest_n and_o take_v it_o from_o thing_n move_v three_o that_o cessation_n in_o the_o movent_fw-la do_v not_o cause_n cessation_n in_o that_o which_o be_v move_v by_o it_o for_o by_o the_o 11_o number_n of_o the_o 1_o article_n of_o this_o chapter_n whatsoever_o be_v move_v persevere_v in_o the_o same_o way_n &_o with_o the_o same_o swiftness_n as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v not_o hinder_v by_o some_o thing_n that_o be_v move_v against_o it_o now_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o cessation_n be_v not_o contrary_a motion_n and_o therefore_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o stand_v still_o of_o the_o movent_fw-la do_v not_o make_v it_o necessary_a that_o the_o thing_n move_v shall_v also_o stand_v still_o corollary_n they_o be_v therefore_o deceive_v that_o reckon_v the_o take_n away_o of_o the_o impediment_n or_o resistance_n for_o one_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o motion_n 4_o motion_n be_v bring_v into_o account_n for_o divers_a respect_n first_o as_o in_o a_o body_n undivided_a that_o
touch_v a_o spiral_n at_o the_o end_n of_o its_o first_o conversion_n for_o upon_o the_o centre_n a_o in_o the_o six_o figure_n let_v the_o circle_n bcde_v be_v describe_v and_o in_o it_o let_v archimedes_n his_o spiral_n afghb_n be_v draw_v beginning_z at_z a_o and_o end_n at_o b._n through_o the_o centre_n a_o let_v the_o straight_a line_n ce_fw-fr be_v draw_v cut_v the_o diameter_n bd_o at_o right_n angle_n and_o let_v it_o be_v produce_v to_o i_o so_o that_o ai_fw-fr be_v equal_a to_o the_o perimeter_n bcdeb_fw-mi therefore_o ib_n be_v draw_v will_v touch_v the_o spiral_n afghb_n in_o b_o which_o be_v demonstrate_v by_o archimedes_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr spiralibus_fw-la and_o for_o a_o straight_a line_n equal_a to_o the_o give_v spiral_n afghb_n it_o may_v be_v find_v thus_o let_v the_o straight_a line_n a_z which_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o perimeter_n bcde_v be_v bisect_v in_o k_o and_o take_v kl_n equal_a to_o the_o radius_fw-la ab_fw-la let_v the_o rectangle_n il_fw-fr be_v complete_v let_v ml_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v the_o axis_fw-la and_o kl_n the_o base_a of_o a_o parabola_fw-la and_o let_v mk_n be_v the_o crooked_a line_n thereof_o now_o if_o the_o point_n m_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v so_o move_v by_o the_o concourse_n of_o two_o movent_n the_o one_o from_o in_o to_o kl_n with_o velocity_n increase_a continual_o in_o the_o same_o proportion_n with_o the_o time_n the_o other_o from_o ml_o to_o ik_fw-mi uniform_o that_o both_o those_o motion_n begin_v together_o in_o m_n and_o end_n in_o k_o galilaeus_fw-la have_v demonstrate_v that_o by_o such_o motion_n of_o the_o point_n m_o the_o crooked_a line_n of_o a_o parabola_fw-la will_v be_v describe_v again_o if_o the_o point_n a_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v move_v uniform_o in_o the_o straight_a line_n ab_fw-la and_o in_o the_o same_o time_n to_o be_v carry_v round_o upon_o the_o centre_n a_o by_o the_o circular_a motion_n of_o all_o the_o point_n between_o a_o and_o b_o archimedes_n have_v demonstrate_v that_o by_o such_o motion_n will_v be_v describe_v a_o spiral_n line_n and_o see_v the_o circle_n of_o all_o these_o motion_n be_v concentric_a in_o a_o and_o the_o interior_a circle_n be_v always_o less_o than_o the_o exterior_a in_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o time_n in_o which_o ab_fw-la be_v pass_v over_o with_o uniform_a motion_n the_o velocity_n also_o of_o the_o circular_a motion_n of_o the_o point_n a_o will_v continual_o increase_v proportional_o to_o the_o time_n and_o thus_o far_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o parabolical_a line_n mk_n and_o of_o the_o spiral_n line_n afghb_n be_v like_a but_o the_o uniform_a motion_n in_o ab_fw-la concur_v with_o circular_a motion_n in_o the_o perimeter_n of_o all_o the_o concentric_a circle_n describe_v that_o circle_n who_o centre_n be_v a_o and_o perimeter_n bcde_v and_o therefore_o that_o circle_n be_v by_o the_o coral_n of_o the_o first_o article_n of_o the_o 16_o chapter_n the_o aggregate_v of_o all_o the_o velocity_n together_o take_v of_o the_o point_n a_o whilst_o it_o describe_v the_o spiral_n afghb_n also_o the_o rectangle_n iklm_n be_v the_o aggregate_v of_o all_o the_o velocity_n together_o take_v of_o the_o point_n m_o while_o it_o describe_v the_o crooked_a line_n mk_n and_o therefore_o the_o whole_a velocity_n by_o which_o the_o parabolicall_a line_n mk_n be_v describe_v be_v to_o the_o whole_a velocity_n with_o which_o the_o spiral_n line_n afghb_n be_v describe_v in_o the_o same_o time_n as_o the_o rectangle_n iklm_n be_v to_o the_o circle_n bcde_v that_o be_v to_o the_o triangle_n aib_n but_o because_o a_z be_v bisect_v in_o k_o &_o the_o straight_a line_n in_o &_o ab_fw-la be_v equal_a therefore_o the_o rectangle_n iklm_n and_o the_o triangle_n aib_n be_v also_o equal_a wherefore_o the_o spiral_n line_n afghb_n and_o the_o parabolical_a line_n mk_n be_v describe_v with_o equal_a velocity_n and_o in_o equal_a time_n be_v equal_a to_o one_o another_o now_o in_o the_o first_o article_n of_o the_o 18_o chapter_n a_o straight_a line_n be_v find_v out_o equal_a to_o any_o parabolical_a line_n wherefore_o also_o a_o straight_a line_n be_v find_v out_o equal_a to_o a_o give_v spiral_n line_n of_o the_o first_o revolution_n describe_v by_o archimedes_n which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v 6_o in_o the_o six_o chapter_n which_o be_v of_o method_n that_o which_o i_o shall_v there_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o analytic_n of_o geometrician_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o defer_v because_o i_o can_v not_o there_o have_v be_v understand_v as_o not_o have_v then_o so_o much_o as_o name_v line_n superficies_n solid_n equal_a and_o unequal_a etc._n etc._n wherefore_o i_o will_v in_o this_o place_n set_v down_o my_o thought_n concern_v it_o analysis_n be_v continual_a reason_v from_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o term_n of_o a_o proposition_n we_o suppose_v true_a and_o again_o from_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o term_n of_o those_o definition_n and_o so_o on_o till_o we_o come_v to_o some_o thing_n know_v the_o composition_n whereof_o be_v the_o demonstration_n of_o the_o truth_n or_o falsity_n of_o the_o first_o supposition_n and_o this_o composition_n or_o demonstration_n be_v that_o we_o call_v synthesis_n analytica_n therefore_o be_v that_o art_n by_o which_o our_o reason_n proceed_v from_o something_o suppose_v to_o principle_n that_o be_v to_o prime_a proposition_n or_o to_o such_o as_o be_v know_v by_o these_o till_o we_o have_v so_o many_o know_a proposition_n as_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o demonstration_n of_o the_o truth_n or_o falsity_n of_o the_o thing_n suppose_v synthetica_fw-la be_v the_o art_n itself_o of_o demonstration_n synthesis_n therefore_o and_o analysis_n differ_v in_o nothing_o but_o in_o proceed_v forward_o or_o backward_o and_o logistica_fw-la comprehend_v both_o so_o that_o in_o the_o analysis_n or_o synthesis_n of_o any_o question_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o any_o problem_n the_o term_n of_o all_o the_o proposition_n ought_v to_o be_v convertible_a or_o if_o they_o be_v enunciate_v hypothetical_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o consequent_a ought_v not_o only_o to_o follow_v out_o of_o the_o truth_n of_o its_o antecedent_n but_o contrary_o also_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o antecedent_n must_v necessary_o be_v infer_v from_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o consequent_a for_o otherwise_o when_o by_o resolution_n we_o be_v arrive_v at_o principle_n we_o can_v by_o composition_n return_v direct_o back_o to_o the_o thing_n seek_v for_o for_o those_o term_n which_o be_v the_o first_o in_o analysis_n will_v be_v the_o last_o in_o synthesis_n as_o for_o example_n when_o in_o resolve_v we_o say_v these_o two_o rectangle_v be_v equal_a and_o therefore_o their_o side_n be_v reciprocal_o proportional_a we_o must_v necessary_o in_o compound_v say_v the_o side_n of_o these_o rectangle_v be_v reciprocal_o proportional_a and_o therefore_o the_o rectangle_v themselves_o be_v equal_a which_o we_o can_v not_o say_v â—…ss_n rectangle_v have_v their_o 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first_o move_v and_o rest_v if_o ever_o they_o rest_v at_o all_o afterward_o neither_o do_v there_o appear_v any_o cause_n why_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o world_n shall_v for_o the_o admission_n of_o motion_n be_v intermingle_v with_o empty_a space_n rather_o than_o full_a i_o say_v full_a but_o withal_o fluid_a nor_o last_o be_v there_o any_o reason_n why_o those_o hard_a atom_n may_v not_o also_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o intermingle_v fluid_a matter_n be_v congregat_v &_o bring_v together_o into_o compound_a body_n of_o such_o bigness_n as_o we_o see_v wherefore_o nothing_o can_v by_o this_o argument_n be_v conclude_v but_o that_o motion_n be_v either_o coeternal_a or_o of_o the_o same_o duration_n with_o that_o which_o be_v move_v neither_o of_o which_o conclusion_n consist_v with_o the_o doctrine_n of_o epicurus_n who_o allow_v neither_o to_o the_o world_n nor_o to_o motion_n any_o beginning_n at_o all_o the_o necessity_n therefore_o of_o vacuum_n be_v not_o hitherto_o 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small_a superficies_n of_o their_o own_o then_o if_o two_o body_n shall_v be_v join_v together_o by_o many_o or_o but_o one_o only_a small_a superficies_n of_o either_o of_o they_o than_o i_o say_v this_o argument_n of_o lucretius_n will_v be_v a_o firm_a demonstration_n that_o no_o two_o body_n make_v up_o of_o atom_n as_o he_o suppose_v can_v ever_o possible_o be_v pull_v asunder_o by_o any_o force_n whatsoever_o but_o this_o be_v repugnant_a to_o daily_a experience_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o argument_n of_o lucretius_n let_v we_o now_o consider_v the_o argument_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o experiment_n of_o late_a writer_n 4_o the_o first_o experiment_n be_v this_o that_o if_o a_o hollow_a vessel_n be_v thrust_v into_o water_n with_o the_o bottom_n upward_o the_o water_n will_v ascend_v into_o it_o which_o they_o say_v it_o can_v not_o do_v unless_o the_o air_n within_o be_v thrust_v together_o into_o a_o narrow_a place_n and_o that_o this_o be_v also_o impossible_a 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cylinder_n be_v set_v upright_o we_o
of_o this_o evocation_n and_o swell_v and_o such_o as_o agree_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o heat_n may_v be_v think_v to_o have_v give_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n it_o have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o 5_o article_n of_o the_o 21_o chapter_n that_o the_o fluid_fw-la medium_fw-la which_o we_o call_v the_o air_n be_v so_o move_v by_o the_o simple_a circular_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o that_o all_o its_o part_n even_o the_o least_o do_v perpetual_o change_v place_n with_o one_o another_o which_o change_n of_o place_n be_v that_o which_o there_o i_o call_v fermentation_n from_o this_o fermentation_n of_o the_o air_n i_o have_v in_o the_o 8_o article_n of_o the_o last_o chapter_n demonstrate_v that_o the_o water_n may_v be_v draw_v up_o into_o the_o cloud_n and_o i_o shall_v now_o show_v that_o the_o fluid_a part_n may_v in_o like_a manner_n by_o the_o same_o fermentation_n be_v draw_v out_o from_o the_o internal_a to_o the_o external_a part_n 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long_o as_o there_o be_v sufficient_a heat_n in_o it_o but_o this_o cease_n it_o will_v shine_v no_o long_o also_o we_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o in_o the_o glow-worm_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a thick_a humour_n like_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n of_o the_o eye_n which_o if_o it_o be_v take_v out_o and_o hold_v long_o enough_o in_o one_o finger_n and_o then_o be_v carry_v into_o the_o dark_a it_o will_v shine_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o warmth_n it_o receive_v from_o the_o finger_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v cold_a it_o will_v cease_v shine_v from_o whence_o therefore_o can_v these_o creature_n have_v their_o light_n but_o from_o lie_v all_o day_n in_o the_o sunshine_n in_o the_o hot_a time_n of_o summer_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n rot_a wood_n except_o it_o grow_v rot_v in_o the_o sunshine_n or_o be_v afterward_o long_o enough_o expose_v to_o the_o sun_n will_v not_o shine_v that_o this_o do_v not_o happen_v in_o every_o worm_n nor_o in_o all_o kind_n of_o rot_a wood_n 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hard_a little_a body_n be_v set_v on_o fire_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o as_o they_o fly_v out_o in_o great_a or_o less_o quantity_n the_o flame_n which_o be_v make_v by_o they_o will_v be_v great_a or_o less_o and_o if_o the_o aethereal_a or_o fluid_a part_n of_o that_o matter_n fly_v out_o together_o with_o they_o their_o motion_n will_v be_v the_o swift_a as_o it_o be_v in_o wood_n and_o other_o thing_n which_o flame_n with_o a_o manifest_a mixture_n of_o wind_n when_o therefore_o these_o hard_a particle_n by_o their_o fly_v out_o move_v the_o eye_n strong_o they_o shine_v bright_a and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o they_o fly_v out_o together_o they_o make_v a_o great_a shine_a body_n for_o flame_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o aggregate_v of_o shine_a particle_n the_o great_a the_n aggregate_v be_v the_o great_a and_o more_o manifest_a will_v be_v the_o flame_n i_o have_v therefore_o show_v a_o possible_a cause_n of_o flame_n and_o from_o hence_o the_o cause_n appear_v evident_o 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yet_o there_o will_v be_v in_o the_o part_n a_o endeavour_n to_o simple_a motion_n by_o which_o the_o whole_a body_n will_v either_o be_v melt_v or_o which_o be_v a_o degree_n of_o melt_v soften_v for_o all_o motion_n have_v some_o effect_n upon_o all_o matter_n whatsoever_o as_o have_v be_v show_v at_o the_o 3d_o article_n of_o the_o 16_o chapter_n now_o if_o it_o be_v soften_v to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o that_o the_o stubborness_n of_o the_o part_n be_v exceed_v by_o their_o gravity_n than_o we_o say_v it_o be_v melt_v otherwise_o soften_v and_o make_v pliant_a and_o ductile_a again_o the_o matter_n have_v in_o it_o some_o particle_n hard_a other_o aethereal_a or_o watery_a if_o by_o the_o application_n of_o fire_n these_o late_a be_v call_v out_o the_o former_a will_n thereby_o come_v to_o a_o more_o full_a contact_n with_o one_o another_o and_o consequent_o will_v not_o be_v so_o easy_o separate_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o whole_a body_n will_v be_v make_v hard_a and_o this_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o same_o fire_n make_v some_o thing_n soft_a other_o hard._n 9_o it_o be_v know_v by_o experience_n that_o if_o hay_o be_v lay_v wet_a together_o in_o a_o heap_n it_o will_v after_o a_o time_n begin_v to_o smoke_n and_o then_o burn_v as_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o the_o cause_n whereof_o seem_v to_o be_v this_o that_o in_o the_o air_n which_o be_v enclose_v within_o the_o hay_n there_o be_v those_o little_a body_n which_o as_o i_o have_v suppose_v be_v move_v free_o with_o simple_a motion_n but_o this_o motion_n be_v by_o degree_n hinder_v more_o and_o more_o by_o the_o descend_a moisture_n which_o at_o the_o last_o fill_v and_o stop_v all_o the_o passage_n the_o thin_a part_n of_o the_o air_n ascend_v by_o penetrate_v the_o water_n and_o those_o hard_a little_a bodâ—â—_n be_v so_o thrust_v together_o that_o they_o touch_v and_o press_v one_o another_o acquire_v strong_a motion_n till_o at_o last_o by_o the_o increase_a strength_n of_o this_o motion_n the_o watery_a part_n be_v first_o drive_v outward_o from_o whence_o appear_v vapour_n and_o by_o the_o continue_a increase_n of_o this_o motion_n the_o small_a particle_n of_o the_o dry_a hay_n be_v force_v out_o and_o recover_v their_o natural_a simple_a motion_n they_o grow_v hot_a and_o shine_v that_o be_v to_o say_v they_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n the_o same_o also_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o lightning_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o hot_a time_n of_o the_o year_n when_o the_o water_n be_v raise_v up_o in_o great_a quantity_n and_o carry_v high_a for_o after_o the_o first_o cloud_n be_v raise_v other_o after_o other_o follow_v they_o and_o be_v congeal_v above_o they_o happen_v while_o some_o of_o they_o ascend_v and_o other_o descend_v to_o fall_v upon_o another_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o that_o in_o some_o place_n all_o their_o part_n be_v join_v together_o in_o other_o they_o leave_v hollow_a space_n between_o they_o and_o into_o these_o space_n the_o aethereal_a part_n be_v force_v out_o by_o the_o compressure_n of_o the_o cloud_n many_o of_o the_o hard_a little_a body_n be_v so_o pen_v together_o as_o that_o they_o have_v not_o the_o liberty_n of_o such_o motion_n as_o be_v natural_a to_o the_o air_n wherefore_o their_o endeavour_n grow_v more_o vehement_a till_o at_o last_o they_o force_v their_o way_n through_o the_o cloud_n sometime_o in_o one_o place_n sometime_o in_o another_o and_o break_v through_o with_o great_a noise_n they_o move_v the_o air_n violent_o &_o strike_v our_o eye_n generate_v light_a that_o be_v to_o say_v they_o shine_v and_o this_o shine_v be_v that_o we_o call_v lightning_n 10_o the_o most_o common_a phaenomenon_n proceed_v from_o fire_n and_o yet_o the_o most_o admirable_a of_o all_o other_o be_v the_o force_n of_o gunpowder_n fire_v which_o be_v compound_v of_o niter_n brimstone_n and_o coles_n beat_v small_a have_v from_o the_o coal_n its_o first_o take_v fire_n from_o the_o brimstone_n its_o nourishment_n and_o flame_n that_o be_v to_o say_v light_a and_o motion_n and_o from_o the_o niter_fw-la the_o vehemence_n of_o both_o now_o if_o a_o piece_n of_o niter_n before_o it_o be_v beat_v be_v lay_v upon_o a_o burn_a coal_n first_o it_o melt_v and_o like_o water_n quench_v that_o part_n of_o the_o coal_n it_o touch_v then_o vapour_n or_o air_n fly_v out_o where_o the_o coal_n and_o niter_n join_v blow_v the_o coal_n with_o great_a swiftness_n and_o vehemence_n on_o all_o side_n and_o from_o hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o by_o two_o contrary_a motion_n the_o one_o of_o the_o particle_n which_o go_v out_o of_o the_o burn_a coal_n the_o other_o of_o those_o of_o the_o aethereal_a and_o watery_a substance_n
it_o follow_v necessary_o from_o hence_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o fermentation_n of_o the_o whole_a air_n of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o 21_o chap._n some_o of_o those_o atom_n meet_v with_o other_o will_v cleave_v together_o by_o apply_v themselves_o to_o one_o another_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o their_o motion_n and_o mutual_a contact_n and_o see_v there_o be_v no_o vacuum_n can_v be_v pull_v asunder_o but_o by_o so_o much_o force_v as_o be_v sufficient_a to_o overcome_v their_o hardness_n now_o there_o be_v innumerable_a degree_n of_o hardness_n as_o for_o example_n there_o be_v a_o degree_n of_o it_o in_o water_n as_o be_v manifest_a from_o this_o that_o upon_o a_o plain_a it_o may_v be_v draw_v any_o way_n at_o pleasure_n by_o one_o finger_n there_o be_v a_o great_a degree_n of_o it_o in_o clammy_a liquor_n which_o when_o they_o be_v pour_v out_o do_v in_o fall_v downward_o dispose_v themselves_o into_o one_o continue_a thread_n which_o thread_n before_o it_o be_v break_v will_n by_o little_a and_o little_o diminish_v its_o thickness_n till_o at_o last_o it_o be_v so_o small_a as_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o break_v only_o in_o a_o point_n and_o in_o their_o separation_n the_o external_a part_n break_v first_o from_o one_o another_o and_o then_o the_o more_o internal_a part_n successive_o one_o after_o another_o in_o wax_n there_o be_v yet_o a_o great_a degree_n of_o hardness_n for_o when_o we_o will_v pull_v one_o part_n of_o it_o from_o another_o we_o first_o make_v the_o whole_a mass_n slenderer_n before_o we_o can_v pull_v it_o asunder_o and_o how_o much_o the_o hard_a anything_o be_v which_o we_o will_v break_v so_o much_o the_o more_o force_n we_o must_v apply_v to_o it_o wherefore_o if_o we_o go_v on_o to_o hard_a thing_n as_o rope_n wood_n metal_n stone_n etc._n etc._n reason_n prompt_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o the_o same_o though_o not_o always_o sensible_o will_v necessary_o happen_v and_o that_o even_o the_o hard_a thing_n be_v break_v asunder_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n namely_o by_o solution_n of_o their_o continuity_n begin_v in_o the_o outermost_a superficies_n and_o proceed_v successive_o to_o the_o innermost_a part_n in_o like_a manner_n when_o the_o part_n of_o body_n be_v to_o be_v separate_v not_o by_o pull_v they_o asunder_o but_o by_o break_v they_o the_o first_o separation_n will_v necessary_o be_v in_o the_o convex_a superficies_n of_o the_o bow_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o afterward_o in_o the_o concave_a superficies_n for_o in_o all_o bow_n there_o be_v in_o the_o convex_a superficies_n a_o endeavour_n in_o the_o part_n to_o go_v one_o from_o another_o and_o in_o the_o concave_a superficies_n to_o penetrate_v one_o another_o this_o be_v well_o understand_v a_o reason_n may_v be_v give_v how_o two_o body_n which_o be_v contiguous_a in_o one_o common_a superficies_n may_v by_o force_n be_v separate_v without_o the_o introduction_n of_o vacuum_n though_o lucretius_n think_v otherwise_o believe_v that_o such_o separation_n be_v a_o strong_a establishment_n of_o vacuum_n for_o a_o marble_n pillar_n be_v make_v to_o hang_v by_o one_o of_o its_o base_n if_o it_o be_v long_o enough_o it_o will_v by_o its_o own_o weight_n be_v break_v asunder_o and_o yet_o it_o will_v not_o necessary_o follow_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v vacuum_n see_v the_o solution_n of_o its_o continuity_n may_v begin_v in_o the_o circumference_n and_o proceed_v successive_o to_o the_o midst_n thereof_o last_o wine_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o congeal_v as_o water_n because_o in_o wine_n there_o be_v particle_n which_o be_v not_o fluid_a be_v move_v very_o swift_o and_o by_o their_o motion_n congelation_n be_v retard_v but_o if_o the_o cold_a prevail_v against_o this_o motion_n than_o the_o outermost_a part_n of_o the_o wine_n will_v be_v first_o freeze_v and_o afterward_o the_o inner_a part_n whereof_o this_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o wine_n which_o remain_v unfrozen_a in_o the_o midst_n will_v be_v very_o strong_a 9_o another_o cause_n of_o hardness_n in_o some_o thing_n may_v be_v in_o this_o manner_n if_o a_o soft_a body_n consist_v of_o many_o hard_a particle_n which_o by_o the_o intermixture_n of_o many_o other_o fluid_a particle_n cohaere_fw-la but_o loose_o together_o those_o fluid_a part_n as_o have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o last_o article_n of_o the_o 21_o chapter_n will_v be_v exhale_v by_o which_o mean_v each_o hard_a particle_n will_v apply_v itself_o to_o the_o next_o to_o it_o according_a to_o a_o great_a superficies_n and_o consequent_o they_o will_v cohaere_fw-la more_o close_o to_o one_o another_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o whole_a mass_n will_v be_v make_v hard_a 10_o again_o in_o some_o thing_n hardness_n may_v be_v make_v to_o a_o certain_a degree_n in_o this_o manner_n when_o any_o fluid_a substance_n have_v in_o it_o certain_a very_o small_a body_n intermingle_v which_o be_v move_v with_o simple_a motion_n of_o their_o own_o contribute_v like_o motion_n to_o the_o part_n of_o the_o fluid_a substance_n and_o this_o be_v do_v in_o a_o small_a enclose_a space_n as_o in_o the_o hollow_a of_o a_o little_a sphere_n or_o a_o very_a slender_a pipe_n if_o the_o motion_n be_v vehement_a and_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o these_o small_a enclose_a body_n two_o thing_n will_v happen_v the_o one_o that_o the_o fluid_a substance_n will_v have_v a_o endeavour_n of_o dilate_v itself_o at_o once_o every_o way_n the_o other_o that_o if_o those_o small_a body_n can_v no_o where_o get_v out_o then_o from_o their_o reflection_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o enclose_v fluid_a substance_n which_o be_v vehement_a before_o will_v now_o be_v much_o more_o vehement_a wherefore_o if_o any_o one_o particle_n of_o that_o fluid_a substance_n shall_v be_v touch_v &_o press_v by_o some_o external_a movent_fw-la it_o can_v not_o yield_v but_o by_o the_o application_n of_o very_a sensible_a force_n wherefore_o the_o fluid_a substance_n which_o be_v enclose_v and_o so_o move_v have_v some_o degree_n of_o hardness_n now_o great_a and_o less_o degree_n of_o hardness_n depend_v upon_o the_o quantity_n and_o velocity_n of_o those_o small_a body_n and_o upon_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o place_n both_o together_o 11_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v make_v hard_o by_o sudden_a heat_n namely_o such_o as_o be_v harden_v by_o fire_n be_v common_o reduce_v to_o their_o former_a soft_a form_n by_o maceration_n for_o fire_n harden_v by_o evaporation_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o evaporate_v moisture_n be_v restore_v again_o the_o former_a nature_n and_o form_n be_v restore_v together_o with_o it_o and_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v freeze_v with_o cold_a if_o the_o wind_n by_o which_o they_o be_v freeze_v change_n into_o the_o opposite_a quarter_n they_o will_v be_v unfrozen_a again_o unless_o they_o have_v get_v a_o habit_n of_o new_a motion_n or_o endeavour_n by_o long_a continuance_n in_o that_o hardness_n nor_o be_v it_o enough_o to_o cause_v thaw_v that_o there_o be_v a_o cessation_n of_o the_o freeze_a wind_n for_o the_o take_v away_o of_o the_o cause_n do_v not_o destroy_v a_o produce_v effect_n but_o the_o thaw_v also_o must_v have_v its_o proper_a cause_n namely_o a_o contrary_a wind_n or_o at_o least_o a_o wind_n opposite_a in_o some_o degree_n and_o this_o we_o find_v to_o be_v true_a by_o experience_n for_o if_o ice_n be_v lay_v in_o a_o place_n so_o well_o enclose_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n can_v get_v to_o it_o that_o ice_n will_v remain_v unchanged_a though_o the_o place_n be_v not_o sensible_o cold_a 12_o of_o hard_a body_n some_o may_v manifest_o be_v bow_v other_o not_o but_o be_v break_v in_o the_o very_a first_o moment_n of_o their_o bend_n and_o of_o such_o body_n as_o may_v manifest_o be_v bend_v some_o be_v bend_v do_v as_o soon_o as_o ever_o they_o be_v set_v at_o liberty_n restore_v themselves_o to_o their_o former_a posture_n other_o remain_v still_o bend_v now_o if_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o restitution_n be_v ask_v i_o say_v it_o may_v be_v in_o this_o manner_n namely_o that_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o bend_a body_n while_o it_o be_v hold_v bend_v do_v nevertheless_o retain_v their_o motion_n and_o by_o this_o motion_n they_o restore_v it_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o force_n be_v remove_v by_o which_o it_o be_v bend_v for_o when_o any_o thing_n be_v bend_v as_o a_o plate_n of_o steel_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o force_n be_v remove_v restore_v itself_o again_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o cause_n of_o its_o restitution_n can_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o force_n by_o which_o it_o be_v bend_v for_o in_o thing_n that_o be_v at_o rest_n the_o take_v away_o of_o impediment_n be_v
not_o a_o sufficient_a cause_n of_o their_o future_a motion_n there_o be_v no_o other_o cause_n of_o motion_n but_o motion_n the_o cause_n therefore_o of_o such_o restitution_n be_v in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o steel_n itself_o wherefore_o while_o it_o remain_v bend_v there_o be_v in_o the_o part_n of_o which_o it_o consist_v some_o motion_n though_o invisible_a that_o be_v to_o say_v some_o endeavour_n at_o least_o that_o way_n by_o which_o the_o restitution_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o therefore_o this_o endeavour_n of_o all_o the_o part_n together_o be_v the_o first_o beginning_n of_o restitution_n so_o that_o the_o impediment_n be_v remove_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o force_n by_o which_o it_o be_v hold_v bend_v it_o will_v be_v restore_v again_o now_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n by_o which_o this_o be_v do_v be_v that_o which_o i_o call_v simple_a motion_n or_o motion_n return_v into_o itself_o when_o therefore_o in_o the_o bend_n of_o a_o plate_n the_o end_n be_v draw_v together_o there_o be_v on_o one_o side_n a_o mutual_a compression_n of_o the_o part_n which_o compression_n be_v one_o endeavour_v opposite_a to_o another_o endeavour_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n a_o divulsion_n of_o the_o part_n the_o endeavour_n therefore_o of_o the_o part_n on_o one_o side_n tend_v to_o the_o restitution_n of_o the_o plate_n from_o the_o middle_n towards_o the_o end_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n from_o the_o end_n towards_o the_o middle_n wherefore_o the_o impediment_n be_v take_v away_o this_o endeavour_n which_o be_v the_o begin_n of_o restitution_n will_v restore_v the_o plate_n to_o its_o former_a posture_n and_o thus_o i_o have_v give_v a_o possible_a cause_n why_o some_o body_n when_o they_o be_v bend_v restore_v themselves_o again_o which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v as_o for_o stone_n see_v they_o be_v make_v by_o the_o accretion_n of_o many_o very_a hard_a particle_n within_o the_o earth_n which_o particle_n have_v no_o great_a coherence_n that_o be_v to_o say_v touch_v one_o another_o in_o small_a latitude_n and_o consequent_o admit_v many_o particle_n of_o air_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o in_o bend_v of_o they_o their_o internal_a part_n will_v not_o easy_o be_v compress_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o hardness_n and_o because_o their_o coherence_n be_v not_o firm_a as_o soon_o as_o the_o external_a hard_a particle_n be_v disjoin_v the_o aethereal_a part_n will_v necessary_o break_v out_o and_o so_o the_o body_n will_v sudden_o be_v break_v 13_o those_o body_n be_v call_v diaphanous_a upon_o which_o while_o the_o beam_n of_o a_o lucid_a body_n do_v work_n the_o action_n of_o every_o one_o of_o those_o beam_n be_v propagate_v in_o they_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o that_o they_o still_o retain_v the_o same_o order_n among_o themselves_o or_o the_o inversion_n of_o that_o order_n and_o therefore_o body_n which_o be_v perfect_o diaphanous_a be_v also_o perfect_o homogeneous_a on_o the_o contrary_a a_o opacous_a body_n be_v that_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o heterogeneous_a nature_n do_v by_o innumerable_a reflection_n and_o refraction_n in_o particle_n of_o different_a figure_n and_o unequal_a hardness_n weaken_v the_o beam_n that_o fall_v upon_o it_o before_o they_o reach_v the_o eye_n and_o of_o diaphanous_a body_n some_o be_v make_v such_o by_o nature_n from_o the_o beginning_n as_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o air_n and_o of_o the_o water_n and_o perhaps_o also_o some_o part_n of_o stone_n unless_o these_o also_o be_v water_n that_o have_v be_v long_o congeal_v other_o be_v make_v so_o by_o the_o power_n of_o heat_n which_o congregate_n homogeneon_n body_n but_o such_o as_o be_v make_v diaphanous_a in_o this_o manner_n consist_v of_o part_n which_o be_v former_o diaphanous_a 14_o in_o what_o manner_n cloud_n be_v make_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n elevate_a the_o particle_n of_o water_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o other_o moist_a place_n have_v be_v explain_v in_o the_o 26_o chapter_n also_o how_o cloud_n come_v to_o be_v freeze_v have_v be_v show_v above_o at_o the_o seven_o article_n now_o from_o this_o that_o air_n may_v be_v enclose_v as_o it_o be_v in_o cavern_n and_o pen_v together_o more_o and_o more_o by_o the_o meeting_n of_o ascend_v and_o descend_v cloud_n may_v be_v deduce_v a_o possible_a cause_n of_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n for_o see_v the_o air_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n the_o one_o aethereal_a which_o have_v no_o proper_a motion_n of_o its_o own_o as_o be_v a_o thing_n divisible_a into_o the_o least_o part_n the_o other_o hard_o namely_o consist_v of_o many_o hard_a atom_n which_o have_v every_o one_o of_o they_o a_o very_a swift_a simple_a motion_n of_o its_o own_o while_o the_o cloud_n by_o their_o meeting_n do_v more_o and_o more_o straighten_v such_o cavity_n as_o they_o intercept_v the_o aethereal_a part_n will_v penetrate_v and_o pass_v through_o their_o watery_a substance_n but_o the_o hard_a part_n will_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v the_o more_o thrust_v together_o and_o press_v one_o another_o and_o consequent_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o vehement_a motion_n they_o will_v have_v a_o endeavour_n to_o rebound_v from_o each_o other_o whensoever_o therefore_o the_o compression_n be_v great_a enough_o and_o the_o concave_a part_n of_o the_o cloud_n be_v for_o the_o cause_n i_o have_v already_o give_v congeal_v into_o ice_n the_o cloud_n will_v necessary_o be_v break_v &_o this_o break_n of_o the_o cloud_n produce_v the_o first_o clap_n of_o thunder_n afterward_o the_o air_n which_o be_v pen_v in_o have_v now_o break_v through_o make_v a_o concussion_n of_o the_o air_n without_o and_o from_o hence_o proceed_v the_o roar_a and_o murmur_n which_o follow_v and_o both_o the_o first_o clap_n and_o the_o murmur_n that_o follow_v it_o make_v that_o noise_n which_o be_v call_v thunder_n also_o from_o the_o same_o air_n break_v through_o the_o cloud_n and_o with_o concussion_n fall_v upon_o the_o eye_n proceed_v that_o action_n upon_o our_o eye_n which_o cause_v in_o we_o a_o perception_n of_o that_o light_n which_o we_o call_v lightning_n wherefore_o i_o have_v give_v a_o possible_a cause_n of_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n 15_o but_o if_o the_o vapour_n which_o be_v raise_v into_o cloud_n do_v run_v together_o again_o into_o water_n or_o be_v congeal_v into_o ice_n from_o whence_o be_v it_o see_v both_o ice_n and_o water_n be_v heavy_a that_o they_o be_v sustain_v in_o the_o air_n or_o rather_o what_o may_v the_o cause_n be_v that_o be_v once_o elevate_v they_o fall_v down_o again_o for_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o same_o force_n which_o can_v carry_v up_o that_o water_n can_v also_o sustain_v it_o there_o why_o therefore_o be_v once_o carry_v up_o do_v it_o fall_v again_o i_o say_v it_o proceed_v from_o the_o same_o simple_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n both_o that_o vapour_n be_v force_v to_o ascend_v and_o that_o water_n gather_v into_o cloud_n be_v force_v to_o descend_v for_o in_o the_o 21th_o chapter_n and_o 11_o article_n i_o have_v show_v how_o vapour_n be_v elevate_v and_o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n and_o 5_o article_n i_o have_v also_o show_v how_o by_o the_o same_o motion_n homogeneous_a body_n be_v congregat_v &_o heterogeneous_a dissipate_v that_o be_v to_o say_v how_o such_o thing_n as_o have_v a_o like_a nature_n to_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n be_v drive_v towards_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v to_o say_v what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o descent_n of_o heavy_a body_n now_o if_o the_o action_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v hinder_v in_o the_o raise_n of_o vapour_n and_o be_v not_o at_o all_o hinder_v in_o the_o cast_n of_o they_o down_o the_o water_n will_v descend_v but_o a_o cloud_n can_v hinder_v the_o action_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o make_v thing_n of_o a_o earthly_a nature_n descend_v to_o the_o earth_n though_o it_o may_v hinder_v it_o in_o make_v vapour_n ascend_v for_o the_o low_a part_n of_o a_o thick_a cloud_n be_v so_o cover_v by_o its_o upper_a part_n as_o that_o it_o can_v receive_v that_o action_n of_o the_o sun_n by_o which_o vapour_n be_v carry_v up_o because_o vapour_n be_v raise_v by_o the_o perpetual_a fermentation_n of_o the_o air_n or_o by_o the_o separate_n of_o its_o small_a part_n from_o one_o another_o which_o be_v much_o weak_a when_o he_o thick_a cloud_n be_v interpose_v then_o when_o the_o sky_n be_v clear_a and_o therefore_o whensoever_o a_o cloud_n be_v make_v thick_a enough_o the_o water_n which_o will_v not_o descend_v before_o will_v then_o descend_v unless_o it_o be_v keep_v up_o by_o the_o agitation_n of_o the_o wind_n wherefore_o i_o have_v render_v a_o possible_a cause_n both_o why_o the_o cloud_n may_v be_v sustain_v in_o the_o air_n and_o also_o why_o they_o may_v fall_v down_o again_o to_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v propound_v to_o