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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A40104	The history of the troubles of Suethland and Poland, which occasioned the expulsion of Sigismundus the Third, king of those kingdomes, with his heires for ever from the Suethish crown with a continuation of those troubles, untill the truce, an. 1629 : as also, a particular narration of the daily passages at the last and great treaty of pacification between those two kingdomes, concluded at Stumbsdorff in Prussia, anno 1635 : concluding with a breife commemoration of the life and death of Sr. George Duglas, Knight, Lord Ambassadour extraordinary from the late King of Great Brittaine, for the treaty above mentioned / faithfully couched by J. Fowler ...	Fowler, J. (John); Sweden. Treaties, etc. Poland, 1635 Sept. 12.; Poland. Treaties, etc. Sweden, 1635 Sept. 12.	1656 (1656)	Wing F1731; ESTC R42031	226,818	260

the twelfth of January 1635. there being then present the Ambassadors of the Elector of Brandenburg onely viz. Andreas a Kreytzen Governour of the Province Joannes Georgius a Saucken Chancellour Bernhardus a Konigseck Counsellour of the Province and Captain of Angerburgen Georgius a Rauschke Councellour of the juridicall Court and Petrus Bergmannus one of the Electorall Councell it was concluded that the Lords Commissioners on each side attended with a hundreth horse or dragoones and so many foot without Collours or military ensignes their traine in like manner not exceeding the number of one hundreth should repaire thither and be brought by the Mediators into the Church of the said Towne by the doors neerest to their respective lodgings and placed at a trianguler Table without the least of precedencie or advantage to either partie and the former instrument of security for the six yeares truce ending the of 1 11 July ensuing retaining its full force they should conferre together about the Principall affaires This agreement was signed by the said Subdelegates and the Electoriall Ambassadors By vertue of this instrument upon the day appointed the Lords Commissioners of Poland who were to give them their used titles the most Reverend Jacobus Zadzick Bishop of Culmen and Pomesania Elect of Gracovia Lords High Chancellor of the Kingdome of Poland the most Illustrious Christopher Radzivill Duke of Bierzie and Dubinskie Palatine of Vilnen Lord Generall of all the Forces of the great Duchie of Lithuania Governour of Bistrycen and Qiznorcen Raphael de Lesno Leszozyuskie Palatine of Belzes Rubiesoviensis Magnus Ernest Danhoff Castellan of Pernaw and Derpaten Captaine of Herbipolen Remigius de Ostole Zaleskie Refendary of the Kingdome as also the Lords Commissioners for the Kingdome of Suethland Viz. the most Illustrious Peter Brake Earle of Wisingeborg Free Baron in Redboholm and Lindholm Provinciall Judge of Wesmannia Montenia and Dalria Herman Wrangle Knight Hereditary in Ahlo and Skogloster Marshall of the Feild and Governour Generall in Prussia Achatius Axell Hereditary in G●xsholme and Kinkesta Adsessor Supremi dicasterij and Provinciall Judge of Nericia Senators of the Kingdome of Suethland and John Nicodemus Secretarie and Commissarie Ordinary in Prussia These from Elbing Those from Morung set forth towards Holland being of equall distance where they entred with their Train in such equipage as might set forth their greatnesse They were brought soon after conforme to the forementioned instrument into the Church of that towne by the forenamed Electorall Ambassadors as then onely present and being placed in their Seates the forenamed Chancellor of Brandenburg George Sauske in a long Oration set forth the fervent desires of his Prince for the setling of a perpetuall peace congratulating also the happie arrivall of the Commissioners into that Province designed for this so important and weighty businesse and concluded with Precations for the prosperous Successe and issue of this so much desired Treatie Whereunto of the one side the Chancellor of Poland and of the other Earle Brake replyed equally conjoying and conjoyning wishes with wishes These Civill Courtships thus performed the Electorall Ambassadors to lose no time and to shew their authority and sincerity Exhibited their Credentialls to the Commissioners of both sides preallubly desiring the like sight of theirs which the Poles would have declined as not necessary alleadging it was not to be imagined that Persons of their quality would present themselves in so publicke a cause without sufficient power and authority from their Principalls The Sueths on the contrary insisted mainely that the Procuratorialls might be produced to which end they shewed theirs affirming that untill the clearing of those they could proceed no further which being at last agreed unto the Parties interchangably delivered up their Commissions to each other but the dayes being then short they could not in that inch of time take so particular view of them as they desired wherefore they consented that each Party taking with them the others Plenipotentiary should within two or three dayes returne the same back and a second meeting was appointed the 26 th following But forasmuch as many and great difficulties began to appear even at this first entrance into the Treaty The Ambassadors of Great Brittaine who during the space of ten dayes he had stayed to refresh himselfe in Dantzig had delivered the King his Masters Letters and his verball injunctions to the Senate of that City was desirous to be present for the more easie composure of differences at their very beginning He with Mr. Francis Gordon the Kings Agent there came to Holland the one and twentieth of January where having received and returned visits to the Electorall Ambassadors and learned of them in what termes the matter stood he expected the time appointed for the meeting which together with the Commissioned Parties being come and the usuall ceremoniall salutes received and rendred his Lordship taking with him the Electorall Ministers endeavoured to temper and molifie the gauled minds of the Parties by conciliating and extenuating the difficulties like to increase by debating the Procuratoriall Letters The Commissioners of Poland appeared not as then so stiffe nor scrupulous in those things of lesser moment for when his Lordship propounded the sequestring of the Plenipotentiaries into the hands of the Mediators during the Treaty they forthwith assented Whereas the Suethes vehemently repugned but because the present altercation proceeded from defects which each party pretended to finde in the others Letters of procuration it will not be amisse to say something of them Whilst the Commissioners of both sides scrutenize each others Plenipotentiarie sundry errours are found in either In that of Suethland the Polonians object 1. That they begin with a new unused stile the title of designed Queen and end with that or the subscription of the Tutors 2. That they detract from his Majesty of Poland the title of Hereditary King of Suethen and deferre the same to the Daughter of King Gustavus 3. That they intermix the Provinces belonging to the Crowne of Poland with the titles in their Commission 4. That albeit the Princesse Christina were designed Queen as is alleadged it may yet be questioned whence she derives to her self the power of determining of the Common-wealth and of alliances which is not permitted to other designed Princes 5. By what right the Tutors straine to vindicate to themselves a power chiefly Regall over their designed Queen as themselves call her 6. Whether the designed Queen is bound to stand to conditions made by her Tutors forasmuch as a Tutor cannot prejudice his Pupill in ought and chiefly a Subject his Prince especially in a Kingdome Hereditary 7. What assurance is there that the Orders of the Crown of Suethen will allow of that which by the sayd Tutors or in their name is transacted seeing that in the Procuratorialls no mention is made of those Orders 8. Forasmuch as the Chancellour of Suethen Axelius Oxenstiern is now the chiefest

King Sigismundus returned Answer the day following that he had received his M 〈…〉 tory Letters touching assecuration That he wondred why his Dilection would so long time varnish over his unjust cause before the promiscuous ignorant multitude seeing he could not prove but that fit assecuration had been offered but not accepted and that whilest one demand was granted others were made far different as the last Articles might testifie That he followed him with a strong Army having seised the Castle of Stegeburg his Ships and severall other things which notwithstanding his promised preservation of them would have been more safe in his own custody That in Answer to his Letter he desired that his Dilection would rest satisfied with that assecuration which as consentaneous to reason and his dignity he had already offered But if not that he might proceed to do what it seemed he would not leave undone yet with what fame he left to the Judgement of all honest and unbyassed minds That himself committed the decision of the whole matter to the Justice of God Lincopia 23. September 1598. DUke Charles replyed That there being no remedy but that all Admonitions proved vain through the prevalency of perverse and wicked Counsellours he also committed the matter to God before whom he protested that he was not the cause of these troubles nor of the effusion of blood like to ensue wherefore he desired to know whether his Majesty would absolve him of his Oath of fidelity which done he would endevour to repell unjustice and violence by fit wayes and means But that if possible he besought his Majesty by the love of God to weigh the matter more seriously and not permit this mischief to spread further to his own and the Kingdomes prejudice and that nothing might be by him be omitted he had sent a draught of the assecuration desired by him and his followers wherein he hoped nothing unjust would be found Campe 24. September 1598. TWo dayes after Duke Charles writes againe to the King that seeing the conditions tendred were not admitted and that he could not conveniently propound any other as also that he hoped his Majesty would so resolve as might be honourable for both sides He therfore desired that his Majesty would transmit a draught of the assecurations he would give and receive whereupon he would so declare himself as might be satisfactory to his Majesty these were dated the 26. of the said Moneth THe day following King Sigismundus sent Letters of safe Conduct for such of the Nobility with their Servants as the Duke sh●●ld send to treat with him importing Security in coming ●elivering what they had in Commission and sa●e return Duke Charles also did the like for his Nephew Prince Edward Marquesse of Baden with other Lords to be sent to him from the King BY all that hath been said it may be easily discerned say the Suethes whether Duke Charles received from King Sigismundus answers condigne to his Letters wherein he desired nothing but the good of the King and Kingdome and that if he would have listned to the Dukes faithfull advice and counsel he needed not to have fled when none pursued Or that if he had loved Justice he might judicially have prevented those evils by a decision by equall Arbitrators before whom the Duke and Orders of Suethland were willing to answer to whatsoever could rightly be objected against them They say further that they had oftentimes just occasion given them of renouncing all fidelity and obedience towards him in regard he came not unto them as a good and peaceable King but as an Enemy and Persecuter offering violence and injustice to those that would not submit to his wicked intentions nor admit of his perverse Religion and that he had absolved them from their Oath of fidelity in the former Letters whereby they had just cause to have tried the utmost which yet they did not his Highnesse and they having desired that twelve of the Nobility of each side men qualified prudent judicious and lovers of peace should meet examine and decide the whole controversie and restore and settle peace concord and brotherly love whereunto King Sigismundus did likewise consent but that the same was by him observed as other things had formerly been and according to the ancient manner of keeping faith in promises by Jesuites and Romish Priests For the night following the Royall Army conducted by Wejerus made an on-set upon the Ducall Camp dispersed the night guards killing some and seising others Prisoners as was done not onely at Lincopia but at Stegeburg also but seeing their attempt prove unsuccesfull both Polanders and Suethes who fought under the Kings Ensignes began to cry and ingeminate Peace Peace which the King say they with his followers might have enjoyed if the Officers thereof had been timely embraced but that it was then over-late to treat when many thousands of men lay slaine on both sides each intending on his Enemy the revenge of his fellow Souldier Duke Charles and the Suethes as themselves assert had then both cause and advantage sufficient to have utterly ruined their Advarsaries yet they suffered themselves to be entreated to shew more mercy and mildnesse then they had deserved by abstaining from that revenge was then in their power to have taken upon King Sigismundus with his whole Army to the great detriment and misfortune I use their owne words of themselves and the Kingdome of Suethland as hoping for better things in the future from King Sigismundus from whom they found worse by an ensuing cruell War with the Polanders and Lithuanians touching a finall end wherof no certaine conjecture could be made But that if they had as then they affirme they might destroyed him and his Forces those tumults had happily sooner ceased and many gallant men who afterwards perished in those Wars had survived Nor had his Highnesse and themselves been defamed by so many unjust aspersory Libells as were spread in all parts which neverthelesse they hoped to confute All which things hapned by suffering King Sigismundus then say they to escape to the further prosecution of his Country contrary to the practise of all Magnanimous Potentates who expose their lives to defend theirs from Spoile and Rapine The cruell fight being over King Sigismundus entred into agreement with the Duke for the restoring and confirming of mutuall friendship brotherly confidence with administration of right and justice between his Majesty and his Highnesse whereof I give here the heads onely referring as in all Narations of Acts the more curious to the Instrument it self dated at Lincopia the twenty eighth of September 1598. And first THat whereas the Duke his most deare Uncle and all those of his party had religiously promised unto him and his Heires due obedience fidelity and brotherly affection according to their respective Oaths and the obligations of blood proximity and their tyes of duty and subjection He likewise did by

the Duke to hasten the provisions promised for the more speedy transporting of his Extraneous Forces These as aforesayd were the thirtieth of September 1598. DUke Charles returned answer the same day That as to those of the Senatoriall Order whom he had under detention they should be maintained according to their respective dignities but to live at their peculiar Houses could not he granted the Army and Commonalty having Petitioned against it and that the same would not onely displease the Orders of the Kingdome but be likewise unsafe for those Senators their Wives and Children And that unlesse he had lately since they came into his power severely prohibited the same they had perished by the Popular fury Wherefore he desired to be excused in that point and entreated that his Majesty would not in the future dignifie them with the undeserved Title of his Counsellours and of honest Men in regard they had been the causers of a vast expence to his Majesty by that forraine Army and the Authors of cruell effusion of blood as of other evill to his Hereditary Kingdome And that they had expressed but the day before that if they had served him as faithfully as they had done his Majesty they should have been better rewarded That he had ordered the Provisions demanded to be conveyed to Stegeburg and to be delivered to his Majesty upon payment KIng Sigismundus by Letter of the first of October following desired restitution of the Assecutoriall obligation of the States of Poland granted to himselfe with severall other things which had fallen into the hands of the Duke or his Servants These were from his Court at Lincopia DUKE Charles replyed the fourth of the sayd moneth therein desiring that Claudius Bielke might be dismissed from being Castellan of Stocholme as being equally guilty with those in detention of the Kingdomes miseries and that Samuel Laskie might like wise be removed from his Rule there as also John Bilefeild with certaine of the City Consuls who had reviled him That he would not in like manner lend an eare to Seducers who might suggest ought in prejudice of the fidelity he had protested to his Majesty and his Heirs which he would unviolably preserve to the honour good liking and advantage of his Majesty He further desired his Majesty to name those Caesarian Electorall and Ducall Ministers whom he intended to invite on his part as Umpires for the deciding of all differences at the ensuing Parliament himself offering to do the like He likewise deprecated the dismission of the Aliens if not already done and complained of the Countreys sufferings by this Military tumult especially in Ostrogothia and Vplandia And earnestly requested the liberty of certaine Persons detained by the King to whom in his Majesties name and absence he had committed the keeping of certaine places He promised restitution of the Polish assecutoriall Instrument desired so soon as he should come to Stocholme And lastly entreated that his Majesty would publish the Declarations promised for his vindication from former undeserved aspersions KIng Sigismundus by Letters of the same date sent by Nicolaus Rask required more Shipping for the more convenient and speedy transporting of his Army and that the Duke would afford a friendly audience and answer to those things the sayd Rask his Secretary should deliver as also to cause a restitution to be made of some things belonging to the Vice-Chancellor of Poland And in a memoriall of instructions given to the sayd Nicolas Rask commanded him to insist upon the particulars inserted in the fore-specified Letters as also upon the restauration of certaine Musick bookes and others with certaine Kitchin Furniture and a restitution of such things as had been by severall Commanders taken out of his owne Ship the White-Eagle as also on the re-delivery of such things belonging to his Sister the Princesse Anna as had been taken out of the Closet where the Prince Edvardus Fortunatus lodged He gave also expresse Injunctions to his said Secretary to be instant with the Duke for ceasing of Depredations which were still practised contrary to the agreement lately made and to insist upon the enlargement of the Captived Counsellours and others not convicted of notorious Crimes upon bond or other security as being consentaneous to the Lawes of Suethland the rather in tender consideration of their Ladies of whom some were pregnant others valetudinary That thereby his Highnesse would much oblige him and that he would upon all occasions be ready to make compensation of like Friendly Offices Dated as aforesaid To these particulars the Duke returned a satisfactory answer That touching the Senators under custody onely excepted concerning whom he desired his Majesty not to insist any further they having been the cause of all the troubles and had conspired the ruine and destruction of the Regall Family not for one yeare or two but during the whole course of their lives and that the Imperiall Regall Electorall and Ducall Ambassadors might be speedily invited and intreated to examine and decide the cause Withall to the said Nicolaus Rask he delivered a Memoriall consisting of certaine heads to this effect 1. THat the Finlanders and Vplandian Horse should be ordered by his Majesty to returne to their homes and nor raise any more Tumults 2. That his Majesty conforme to his promise would publish his Letters declaratory for clearing the Duke from former aspersions Next that Letters might be issued for the Parliaments Indiction and Celebration within foure months according to the promise at Lincopia and that the forraigne Ambassadors might speedily be invited into Suethland 3. That his Majesty in regard of the Season would be pleased to repaire to Stocholme by land offering to meet and attend him with all love and respect and to contribute what was in his power for the accommodation of himselfe and his Traine and gave a List of the Gistes or most commodious nightly Stations Last That all Farmes Offices of Territoriall Judicatories with their Profits might be suspended untill the Parliament wherein each one to render account of his Stewardship These were dated at Orobrogia the eighth of October 1598. The twenty fourth of that month the Duke by Letter complained of the Kings steering his course to Calmar in stead of repairing to Stocholme according to his promise and of the rumour of his departing the Kingdome Signifying also that he hoped the miseries thereof which were not unknown to his Majesty might have found some redresse if his presence had been for some time enjoyed but that the same in this sudden discession could not be hoped for all things being thereby left in an unsettled condition That as he was ignorant what had moved his Majesty thereunto so it had been necessary that himselfe and the Senators of Suethland should have been informed of the cause and that directions had been given how all Affaires should be ordered in his Majesties absence desiring an answer by the bearer what might be

Letters dated the eleventh of February 1635. His Lordship began his journey and the twentieth of February was received some miles without the City of Warsaw by the most illustrious Prince Janus of Radzivill with many of the Nobility and brought in the Kings Coach to his lodging which was faire and richly furnished of all things Beds excepted with other entertainment answerable We found there sundry Ambassadors as the Russian the Turke and the Tartar for ratification of the peace concluded with their Princes His Lordship had publick audience which according to custome was at first onely ceremoniall within few dayes he had severall in private in which he endeavoured to move the King to give unto the designed Queen of Suethen the Title so vehemently insisted on and to make a timely composure of those controversies that tooke their rise from the Procuratoriall Letters The King at length seemed not averse yet would give no immediate nor absolute consent but onely hopes thereof after deliberation to be taken His Lordship having remained there three weeks took his leave of the King and of the Commissioners who were to follow with the Regall resolution and began his journey toward Dantzig where hee arrived the twenty eighth of March sick of a violent burning Feaver which seized on him in his returne and left but small hopes of his recovery to his Friends and Servants for the space of three weeks Yet upon the intermission of its violence he was no lesse then in perfect health solicitous of the businesse committed to his trust and accordingly tooke care for setling a time and place of meeting Holland the former being incommodious The Commissioners of Suethland thereupon named an Island in the River Vistula commonly called Sperlings Campe for the place of congression for the Mediators residence a Village named Pisterfeldt for the Polish Commissioners a Towne called Dirshaw and for themselves the Village Lusson The day they prefixed to be the first of May following Here upon his Lordship sent Letters to the Polish Commissioners as yet at Warsaw and soon after received an excusatory answer from the Chancellour shewing that being ready to take journey he had been suddenly seised by grievous pangs of the Collick and Stone which had confined him to his bed and so hindred his journey wherat he grieved fearing least this delay might prove prejudiciall to the publike affaire he hoped neverthelesse that his Lordship and those who wished his appearance would make the best construction of his Stay sicknesse being in it self a lawfull excuse promising that so soon as a mitigation of his pains would permit he would hasten to communicate with his Lordship of things necessary and pertinent to the matter in hand That as touching the place of meeting and the Mansions designed by the Adverse party he had referred them to the King who disapproved thereof as himself also did the same being too far distant from his Majesty to whom frequent recourse would be necessary for obtaining his Declaration in points that would fall out in the course of the Treaty He thought it also unfit to commit their Meetings and Consultations in so weighty a businesse to Winds which move that River to impetuosity seeing they were all alike concerned in the gaining of time and that the least stirring of the Vistula would be no small hinderance to all parties Wherfore seeing that Marien werder was more commodious for necessary Provisions and that the adverse party might in the neighbouring places have their aboad and the generall meetings might be made with more facility he saw no cause why they should reject the same nor doubted but that his Lordships Authority interposed therin would be prevalent that he would attend the resolution perswading and assuring himself of submission to his Lordships reasons touching the place fore-mentioned That in regard of his infirmity the resuming of the Treaty might be by his Lordships intervention deferred untill the tenth of May He did signifie to his Lordship that he hoped to remove the Controversie depending about the Plenipotentiary having already procured of his Majesty to afford the Title of designed Queen of Suethen with this clause inserted that it might be without prejudice to his right which being equitable and no way prejudiciall to the adverse party he doubted not but his Lordship might easily perswade the Commissioners of the contrary side to accept of Hereof his Lordship forth with certified the Commissioners of Suethland resolving with them that Marien werder should be the Polish Mansion Mariemburg the Mediators residence Jonas Dorff their own This being agreed upon his Lordship departed from Dantzig toward Mariemburg as more convenient the same being one of the places sequestred at the last Truce of An. 1629. into the hands of the Elector of Brandenburg whose Uncle Prince Sigismundus was lately come thither with the fore-named Electorall Ambassadours to be assistant at the Treaty The parties arrived within few daies after at their severall Stations before-named and the Mediators so soon as they were certified that the Polish Commissioners were come to their designed Quarters convened in the Castle of Mariemburg to deliberate what was to be first propounded wherupon it was resolved that the first addresse should be made towards those of Suethland then likewise at their Rendezvous to see what Resolution they had received from their Principalls concerning their Procuratories by reason wherof the maine Treaty had been hitherto deferred that so the same might be signified to those of Poland who were no lesse desirous to know it His Lordship undertook that Journey with Mr. Gordon the Kings Agent and Georgius à Rauske one of the Electorall Ministers to whose propositions Count Brahe in the name of his Colleagues into which number the Lord John Oxenstierne Sonne to the Great Chancellour Axelius Oxenstierne was lately entred made answer That hee had received new Procuratoralls but to the same effect and nothing changed which ought not to bee demanded of them but from the Commissioners of Poland as without which no further meeting could be hoped for That this was their resolution this was a Law and a Command layd upon them the limits whereof they might not exceed That they would send their Subdelegate to Mariemburg the day following with their Procuratoriall Letters whereof the adverse Party being advertised theirs might likewise be produced Concerning the other circumstances about the time and place of meeting and the renuing of the instrument of security which might be done by changing a few words onely those might be afterwards agreed upon This was signified to the Commissioners of Poland the same day That ensuing the Subdelegates of each side came to Mariemburg from the Polanders Secretary Lode and Nabarowskie beforenamed from those of Suethen Secretary Lording the last produced the Suethish Procuratories and required that the Polanders might do the like he retyring Lode succeeded shewing a new Procuratorial but finding that of Suethen