best_o except_o the_o hebrew_n for_o those_o that_o invent_v the_o greek_a tongue_n be_v great_a scholar_n and_o be_v very_o good_a rhetorician_n and_o so_o make_v their_o speech_n more_o eloquent_a whereas_o our_o inventor_n of_o english_a be_v not_o so_o bene_n be_v here_o a_o adverb_n join_v to_o the_o verb_n to_o show_v his_o signification_n and_o be_v not_o another_o word_n from_o loqui_fw-la and_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v this_o a_o man_n may_v loqui_fw-la but_o not_o bene_fw-la loqui_fw-la as_o bone_fw-la vinum_fw-la be_v as_o good_a as_o their_o wine_n but_o not_o good_a grammar_n as_o a_o man_n may_v dispute_v sophistical_o or_o ignorant_o and_o so_o break_v the_o rule_n of_o logic_n so_o likewise_o he_o may_v malè_fw-la loqui_fw-la and_o break_v the_o rule_n of_o grammar_n again_o since_o the_o fall_n of_o man_n as_o there_o be_v a_o bona_fw-la and_o a_o mala_fw-la ratio_fw-la so_o there_o be_v a_o be_v and_o malè_fw-la loqui_fw-la and_o grammar_n give_v not_o precept_n of_o that_o malè_fw-la loqui_fw-la which_o be_v attract_v by_o sin_n but_o only_o of_o that_o bene_fw-la loqui_fw-la which_o be_v a_o creature_n of_o god_n object_n but_o many_o have_v think_v that_o this_o be_v be_v nothing_o but_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o definition_n of_o art_n in_o general_n and_o therefore_o shall_v not_o be_v repeat_v in_o every_o special_a art_n answ_n but_o they_o be_v to_o know_v since_o the_o fall_n as_o we_o say_v before_o there_o be_v a_o be_v and_o malè_fw-la loqui_fw-la and_o art_n give_v precept_n only_o to_o the_o bene_fw-la loqui_fw-la and_o therefore_o be_v must_v be_v add_v for_o distinction_n sake_n again_o they_o confess_v themselves_o that_o be_v in_o the_o definition_n of_o arse_n be_v the_o same_o that_o expeditè_fw-fr and_o that_o be_v a_o habit_n in_o man_n whereas_o this_o be_v be_v essential_a unto_o grammar_n as_o it_o be_v a_o art_n again_o here_o be_v be_v join_v with_o the_o form_n not_o with_o the_o genus_fw-la and_o therefore_o be_v another_o genus_fw-la which_o be_v more_o special_a over_o and_o above_o that_o which_o be_v before_o for_o so_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o species_n contain_v more_o in_o they_o than_o the_o genus_fw-la do_v now_o for_o those_o who_o to_o avoid_v be_v will_v put_v more_o word_n into_o the_o definition_n let_v they_o know_v that_o into_o how_o many_o word_n they_o divide_v the_o form_n into_o so_o many_o part_n they_o cut_v it_o which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v because_o the_o form_n be_v but_o one_o argument_n now_o it_o be_v a_o great_a question_n among_o many_o scholar_n which_o language_n be_v the_o first_o and_o that_o be_v indeed_o the_o hebrew_n goropius_n will_v have_v the_o dutch_a to_o be_v the_o first_o and_o he_o argue_v for_o it_o subtle_o and_o have_v many_o notation_n of_o word_n as_o fast_o backward_o be_v staff_n because_o when_o we_o have_v a_o staff_n we_o stand_v fast_o so_o litera_fw-la be_v of_o let_v and_o oer_o which_o signify_v to_o wander_v because_o when_o we_o write_v we_o let_v our_o pen_n wander_v about_o benè_fw-la loquendi_fw-la here_o because_o the_o form_n be_v not_o easy_o find_v out_o and_o when_o it_o be_v find_v out_o we_o have_v not_o one_o word_n to_o express_v it_o in_o therefore_o we_o be_v to_o imagine_v the_o form_n to_o be_v include_v in_o this_o gerund_n in_o di_fw-mi for_o because_o we_o have_v not_o a_o word_n to_o deliver_v the_o form_n in_o hence_o we_o be_v fain_o to_o take_v the_o next_o argument_n to_o forma_fw-la which_o be_v finis_fw-la and_o include_v it_o in_o that_o and_o we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o in_o very_a deed_n every_o precept_n be_v a_o member_n of_o that_o art_n whereof_o it_o be_v a_o precept_n so_o that_o every_o precept_n have_v a_o certain_a vigour_n or_o life_n or_o soul_n as_o it_o be_v which_o soul_n take_v up_o from_o all_o the_o precept_n be_v the_o form_n of_o the_o art_n and_o again_o howsoever_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o grammar_n be_v not_o in_o every_o thing_n for_o many_o thing_n have_v no_o name_n and_o so_o be_v not_o a_o general_a art_n yet_o the_o work_n of_o grammar_n be_v in_o every_o thing_n so_o also_o though_o man_n only_o can_v speak_v yet_o grammar_n work_n be_v general_a and_o so_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v it_o to_o answer_v in_o proportion_n to_o logic_n for_o as_o i_o see_v every_o thing_n with_o my_o eye_n of_o reason_n so_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o after_o i_o have_v receive_v it_o i_o shall_v carry_v every_o thing_n to_o another_o and_o that_o i_o must_v do_v by_o grammar_n and_o grammar_n have_v a_o double_a reference_n one_o in_o regard_n of_o he_o that_o speak_v and_o another_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o thing_n he_o speak_v of_o or_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n i_o e._n we_o that_o here_o be_v to_o look_v out_o at_o the_o thing_n he_o speak_v and_o his_o meaning_n and_o in_o very_a deed_n ens_fw-la à _fw-la primo_fw-la be_v god_n creature_n and_o have_v every_o art_n in_o it_o so_o that_o though_o grammar_n that_o be_v speech_n be_v proper_a to_o man_n yet_o grammar_n work_n be_v in_o every_o thing_n the_o reason_n be_v this_o every_o thing_n in_o nature_n be_v distinct_a and_o i_o apprehend_v they_o so_o with_o my_o logic_n and_o they_o be_v so_o must_v needs_o have_v distinct_a name_n otherwise_o i_o can_v carry_v they_o to_o other_o distinct_o and_o as_o they_o be_v so_o that_o grammar_n be_v general_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o so_o adam_n by_o see_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o every_o creature_n can_v see_v their_o name_n though_o we_o can_v do_v it_o so_o he_o name_v the_o fire_n esh_n because_o of_o the_o noise_n it_o make_v in_o green_a wood_n so_o water_n maiim_fw-mi which_o signify_v quid_fw-la that_o be_v the_o essence_n for_o so_o thales_n think_v that_o every_o thing_n be_v make_v of_o water_n and_o in_o the_o second_o verse_n of_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n it_o be_v say_v the_o spirit_n of_o god_n move_v upon_o the_o water_n where_o water_n be_v put_v for_o the_o first_o matter_n so_o we_o call_v it_o in_o latin_a aqua_fw-la quasi_fw-la à _fw-la quâ_fw-la the_o efficient_a cause_n so_o he_o call_v darkness_n lajil_v which_o signify_v rest_n because_o it_o be_v the_o time_n of_o rest_n so_o god_n call_v the_o day_n jam_fw-la because_o of_o the_o jumble_a noise_n that_o be_v make_v in_o it_o so_o the_o earth_n eret_n from_o rashat_v tero_fw-la to_o ware_n and_o there_o be_v no_o name_n but_o it_o have_v a_o reason_n of_o it_o and_o that_o logic_n tell_v i_o when_o it_o handle_v notatio_fw-la for_o ens_fw-la à _fw-la primo_fw-la have_v that_o in_o it_o which_o be_v in_o every_o general_a art_n loquendi_fw-la loqui_fw-la and_o dicere_fw-la signify_v the_o same_o thing_n but_o come_v to_o be_v distinguish_v thus_o because_o that_o rhetoric_n to_o which_o dicere_fw-la do_v belong_v be_v see_v most_o especial_o in_o plead_v before_o judge_n hence_o they_o give_v it_o that_o name_n dicere_fw-la which_o come_v of_o dico_fw-la and_o dico_fw-la come_v of_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v the_o decision_n of_o a_o controversy_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d bifariam_fw-la or_o as_o some_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d divido_fw-la which_o may_v well_o be_v because_o in_o plead_v of_o controversy_n they_o divide_v their_o speech_n loquendi_fw-la not_o ars_fw-la scribendi_fw-la for_o if_o they_o take_v it_o for_o the_o orthography_n of_o a_o word_n it_o be_v accidental_a neither_o be_v the_o letter_n the_o same_o in_o every_o tongue_n therefore_o not_o the_o same_o write_n of_o they_o again_o the_o letter_n may_v be_v change_v though_o not_o well_o for_o the_o hebrew_n letter_n be_v give_v with_o great_a reason_n and_o the_o other_o be_v take_v from_o they_o if_o they_o take_v write_v as_o general_a as_o speak_v it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o grammar_n now_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o be_v this_o man_n receive_v into_o his_o understanding_n the_o notion_n of_o thing_n these_o notion_n be_v express_v and_o make_v know_v from_o he_o to_o another_o man_n by_o word_n now_o because_o man_n be_v not_o to_o live_v always_o neither_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n can_v speak_v unto_o every_o one_o hence_o be_v the_o necessity_n of_o writing_n bene._n for_o a_o man_n may_v loqui_fw-la and_o yet_o not_o be_v loqui_fw-la i._n e._n according_a to_o bona_fw-la locutio_fw-la whereof_o grammar_n give_v precept_n but_o he_o that_o speak_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o grammar_n whether_o he_o know_v he_o do_v so_o or_o no_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n he_o do_v be_v loqui_fw-la i._n e._n he_o speak_v such_o a_o speech_n as_o be_v pure_a according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o
esse_fw-la indeed_o be_v general_a to_o all_o the_o cause_n and_o existere_fw-la be_v from_o they_o all_o which_o appear_v by_o this_o we_o say_v mundus_fw-la est_fw-la a_o deo_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la nihilo_fw-la est_fw-la formata_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o est_fw-fr be_v nothing_o but_o the_o act_n of_o the_o cause_n to_o make_v the_o effect_n so_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o a_o knife_n there_o be_v all_o the_o four_o cause_n to_o be_v in_o it_o and_o the_o three_o former_a for_o the_o end_n and_o therefore_o if_o we_o will_v not_o be_v deceive_v here_o see_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v de_fw-fr esse_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n that_o be_v a_o cause_n res_fw-la not_z effectum_fw-la for_o we_o have_v hear_v what_o res_fw-la est_fw-la that_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o art_n but_o if_o we_o have_v say_v effectum_fw-la it_o have_v be_v a_o posteriore_fw-la for_o we_o have_v not_o the_o effect_n wrought_v again_o we_o be_v but_o yet_o in_o causa_fw-la in_o general_a by_o res_fw-la he_o mean_v res_fw-la efficienda_fw-la not_o yet_o effecta_fw-la now_o another_o fallacy_n be_v of_o non_fw-la causa_fw-la pro_fw-la causa_fw-la when_o we_o take_v that_o to_o be_v the_o cause_n which_o have_v the_o potentia_fw-la efficiendi_fw-la but_o do_v not_o efficere_fw-la but_o be_v causa_fw-la quatenus_fw-la it_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o that_o effect_n so_o that_o if_o one_o bring_v a_o cause_n that_o be_v not_o a_o cause_n though_o it_o have_v vim_o efficiendi_fw-la yet_o be_v it_o not_o causa_fw-la itaque_fw-la primus_fw-la hic_fw-la locus_fw-la fons_fw-la est_fw-la omnis_fw-la scientiae_fw-la this_o be_v a_o deduction_n out_o of_o the_o first_o rule_n follow_v this_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v causae_fw-la vi_fw-la than_o this_o be_v primus_fw-la locus_fw-la inventionis_fw-la for_o it_o be_v first_o in_o the_o cause_n before_o it_o be_v in_o the_o effect_n then_o again_o it_o be_v primus_fw-la locus_fw-la in_o respect_n it_o be_v the_o first_o argument_n we_o must_v look_v at_o locus_fw-la here_o ramus_n tell_v we_o close_o that_o the_o aristotelian_o topic_a place_n be_v these_o argument_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v causa_fw-la fons_n we_o know_v the_o fountain_n be_v the_o first_o place_n where_o water_n spring_v so_o all_o thing_n spring_v from_o the_o cause_n yea_o subject_n adjunct_n etc._n etc._n fons_n scientiae_fw-la for_o if_o we_o know_v the_o cause_n than_o we_o know_v the_o effect_n because_o they_o arise_v from_o they_o and_o subject_n etc._n etc._n and_o again_o that_o be_v the_o principal_a part_n of_o knowledge_n scirique_fw-la demum_fw-la creditur_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o till_o we_o know_v the_o cause_n we_o know_v but_o the_o outside_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o that_o which_o may_v be_v remove_v from_o the_o thing_n without_o destroy_v the_o thing_n but_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o thing_n we_o know_v it_o as_o it_o be_v the_o thing_n be_v arise_v from_o the_o cause_n and_o thus_o know_v the_o thing_n we_o know_v it_o intus_fw-la and_o in_o cute_v here_o ramus_n do_v commorare_fw-la tell_v we_o what_o aristotle_n mean_v by_o these_o word_n and_o again_o too_o tell_v we_o that_o aristotle_n demonstration_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o scientia_fw-la of_o a_o axiom_n consist_v of_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la and_o he_o teach_v it_o to_o every_o cause_n in_o general_a efficient_a matter_n form_n and_o end_n no_o aristotle_n say_v that_o a_o demonstration_n conclude_v the_o property_n of_o a_o subject_n by_o the_o definition_n because_o that_o lay_v forth_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o thing_n but_o it_o do_v not_o tell_v we_o all_o the_o esse_fw-la ergo_fw-la not_o all_o the_o scientia_fw-la for_o the_o esses_fw-la of_o the_o efficient_a and_o end_n do_v not_o go_v into_o a_o definition_n ut_fw-la merito_fw-la dicatur_fw-la a_o poeta_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o he_o prefer_v the_o poet_n authority_n before_o aristotle_n for_o aristotle_n be_v more_o employ_v in_o this_o doctrine_n may_v speak_v of_o it_o as_o a_o private_a man_n but_o the_o poet_n as_o a_o public_a man_n foelix_fw-la meaning_n a_o contemplative_a happiness_n not_o a_o practic_a causa_fw-la est_fw-la efficiens_fw-la &_o materia_fw-la aut_fw-la forma_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la every_o cause_n yield_v a_o esse_fw-la but_o all_o together_o make_v the_o effect_n now_o it_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n efficiens_fw-la &_o materia_fw-la aut_fw-la forma_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la for_o he_o can_v give_v it_o to_o we_o in_o two_o word_n but_o make_v a_o distinct_a axiom_n and_o couple_n the_o part_n with_o a_o conjunction_n copulative_a by_o reason_n whereof_o they_o have_v a_o community_n but_o where_o lie_v it_o this_o it_o be_v i_o may_v call_v the_o two_o first_o potential_a cause_n the_o other_o two_o act_v cause_n this_o the_o school_n tell_v we_o when_o they_o call_v materia_fw-la potentia_fw-la and_o the_o form_n actus_fw-la and_o this_o be_v ramus_n meaning_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o many_o example_n as_o when_o a_o tailor_n set_v button_n on_o a_o doublet_n with_o thread_n they_o be_v not_o do_v till_o all_o the_o cause_n be_v there_o so_o a_o house_n be_v not_o a_o house_n so_o soon_o as_o it_o have_v a_o efficient_a and_o matter_n but_o when_o it_o have_v also_o a_o form_n and_o end_n now_o our_o author_n will_v not_o use_v potentia_fw-la and_o actus_fw-la first_o because_o they_o be_v barbarous_a word_n second_o they_o be_v improper_a because_o they_o can_v be_v call_v potentia_fw-la and_o actus_fw-la but_o potentiate_v and_o act_v then_o again_o the_o form_n and_o end_n be_v potentia_fw-la as_o well_o as_o efficiens_fw-la and_o materia_fw-la &_o contra_fw-la therefore_o he_o make_v two_o couple_n of_o cause_n for_o so_o we_o see_v the_o efficient_a be_v the_o first_o mover_n move_v quite_o through_o with_o the_o matter_n single_o and_o the_o form_n and_o end_n move_v they_o inseparable_o together_o therefore_o they_o be_v thus_o distinguish_v efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la motus_fw-la a_o quo_fw-la in_o a_o line_n the_o matter_n ex_fw-la qua_fw-la and_o form_n per_fw-la quem_fw-la finis_fw-la ad_fw-la quem_fw-la but_o because_o there_o be_v a_o scope_n at_o matter_n therefore_o there_o be_v a_o distinction_n for_o as_o the_o efficient_a and_o end_n terminate_v the_o thing_n so_o the_o form_n and_o matter_n mediate_v the_o thing_n run_v quite_o through_o the_o same_o so_o god_n make_v a_o matter_n and_o give_v it_o a_o form_n and_o so_o a_o end_n ergo_fw-la reason_n must_v see_v they_o thus_o the_o same_o order_n there_o be_v also_o in_o god_n providence_n so_o man_n also_o do_v imitate_v god_n when_o he_o do_v any_o thing_n orderly_o the_o first_o care_n be_v for_o a_o workman_n than_o a_o matter_n than_o a_o form_n and_o then_o a_o end_n though_o we_o may_v have_v cloth_n before_o a_o tailor_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o a_o matter_n till_o it_o begin_v with_o the_o tailor_n to_o bring_v a_o effect_n to_o pass_v so_o then_o the_o efficient_a be_v in_o nature_n before_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o matter_n before_o the_o form_n for_o the_o form_n be_v a_o adjunct_n to_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o form_n before_o the_o end_n the_o end_n be_v a_o adjunct_n to_o the_o form_n and_o again_o a_o thing_n must_v be_v form_v before_o it_o can_v have_v a_o end_n the_o first_o efficient_a have_v the_o first_o matter_n and_o form_n effect_v to_o he_o the_o second_o form_n be_v adjunct_n to_o the_o matter_n now_o the_o first_o efficient_a be_v absolute_o first_o for_o it_o have_v nothing_o before_o it_o the_o first_o matter_n be_v not_o res_fw-la prima_fw-la nor_o causa_fw-la prima_fw-la but_o first_o for_o matter_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v from_o the_o first_o efficient_a only_o ergo_fw-la never_o have_v any_o existency_n in_o the_o world_n but_o be_v ens_fw-la incompletum_fw-la so_o the_o first_o form_n be_v from_o the_o first_o efficient_a not_o of_o the_o first_o matter_n but_o only_o in_o it_o ergo_fw-la it_o be_v ens_fw-la also_o completum_fw-la hence_o our_o soul_n be_v not_o our_o form_n for_o then_o our_o form_n shall_v be_v res_fw-la incomplâ—tae_fw-la now_o the_o end_n be_v last_o and_o the_o first_o end_n be_v the_o last_o end_n it_o be_v first_o because_o it_o be_v most_o general_a last_o because_o it_o be_v not_o make_v for_o another_o end_n ergo_fw-la it_o follow_v of_o necessity_n that_o the_o last_o end_n be_v not_o make_v so_o that_o the_o end_n as_o it_o be_v last_o as_o the_o thing_n be_v act_v so_o it_o be_v first_o as_o it_o be_v most_o general_a for_o all_o the_o former_a cause_n work_v to_o effect_v the_o end_n as_o we_o say_v in_o school_n finis_fw-la est_fw-la primus_fw-la in_o intention_n posterius_fw-la in_o executione_fw-la so_o god_n make_v all_o thing_n for_o his_o glory_n here_o his_o glory_n be_v first_o in_o intention_n of_o he_o that_o work_v by_o counsel_n but_o be_v act_v last_o of_o all_o by_o all_o thing_n that_o he_o make_v and_o here_o aristotle_n bonum_fw-la quo_fw-la communius_fw-la eo_fw-la melius_fw-la be_v
be_v sin_n and_o we_o consider_v it_o as_o it_o act_v and_o so_o it_o be_v ens_fw-la paradox_n 2._o contra_fw-la epicureos_n illud_fw-la tamen_fw-la arcte_fw-la tenent_fw-la accurate_a que_fw-fr defendunt_fw-la voluptatem_fw-la esse_fw-la summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o he_o reason_n that_o pleasure_n can_v be_v the_o goodness_n of_o a_o man_n because_o it_o be_v the_o goodness_n of_o a_o beast_n and_o man_n and_o beast_n be_v contrary_n sic_fw-la libertas_fw-la &_o servetus_fw-la apud_fw-la tibullum_fw-la 2._o lib._n sic_fw-la mihi_fw-la servitium_fw-la video_fw-la dominamque_fw-la paratam_fw-la tu_fw-la mihi_fw-la libertas_fw-la illa_fw-la now_o i_o see_v bondage_n shall_v befall_v i_o ergo_fw-la fare_v well_o liberty_n pro_fw-la marcello_n nunquam_fw-la enim_fw-la temeritas_fw-la cum_fw-la sapientia_fw-la commiscetur_fw-la nec_fw-la ad_fw-la consilium_fw-la casus_fw-la addmittitur_fw-la he_o make_v temeritas_fw-la and_o sapientia_fw-la adversa_fw-la consilium_fw-la and_o casus_fw-la contrary_n but_o indeed_o they_o be_v disperate_v for_o temeritas_fw-la be_v a_o special_a kind_n of_o modus_fw-la efficiendi_fw-la namely_o necessitate_v aut_fw-la fortuna_fw-la and_o consilium_fw-la belong_v to_o causa_fw-la natura_fw-la aut_fw-la consilio_fw-la so_o that_o they_o be_v not_o under_o one_o next_o genus_fw-la chap._n vi_o de_fw-fr contradicentibus_fw-la contraria_fw-la negantia_fw-la sunt_fw-la quorum_fw-la alterum_fw-la ait_fw-la alterum_fw-la negate_fw-la idem_fw-la eaque_fw-la sunt_fw-la contradicentia_fw-la aut_fw-la privantia_fw-la contradicentia_fw-la sunt_fw-la contraria_fw-la negantia_fw-la quorum_fw-la alterum_fw-la negate_fw-la ubique_fw-la etc._n etc._n we_o have_v hear_v what_o a_o thing_n be_v we_o have_v also_o hear_v that_o a_o thing_n be_v not_o this_o or_o that_o as_o a_o divers_a or_o as_o a_o opposite_a as_o a_o opposite_a either_o by_o a_o general_a nature_n which_o be_v disparate_v or_o by_o a_o more_o particular_a nature_n which_o be_v contrary_n we_o have_v hear_v that_o one_o thing_n be_v oppose_v to_o one_o thing_n or_o one_o thing_n be_v oppose_v to_o nothing_o one_o thing_n be_v oppose_v to_o one_o thing_n either_o as_o a_o relate_v or_o in_o adversa_fw-la now_o we_o come_v to_o show_v how_o a_o thing_n be_v from_o his_o cause_n be_v not_o a_o nothing_o contraria_fw-la where_o there_o be_v a_o fight_n of_o one_o to_o one_o negantia_fw-la here_o one_o of_o they_o be_v nothing_o ergo_fw-la it_o can_v proper_o be_v say_v that_o here_o be_v one_o to_o one_o yet_o our_o logic_n here_o make_v nothing_o something_o per_fw-la oppositum_fw-la ens_fw-la and_o in_o very_a deed_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o ens_fw-la be_v from_o his_o cause_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v another_o thing_n so_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v nothing_o negantia_fw-la not_o that_o he_o speak_v here_o of_o the_o negation_n that_o we_o shall_v hear_v of_o afterward_o in_o a_o axiom_n but_o he_o mean_v a_o not_o be_v ramus_n have_v not_o a_o better_a word_n ergo_fw-la he_o keep_v this_o deliver_v it_o in_o the_o active_a voice_n desire_v to_o commend_v to_o we_o the_o act_n or_o argue_v or_o the_o faculty_n whereby_o argument_n do_v act_v now_o nothing_o give_v name_n to_o contradicentia_fw-la of_o contra_fw-la and_o dicens_fw-la because_o the_o affirmer_n that_o that_o be_v a_o thing_n we_o have_v hear_v of_o before_o it_o be_v common_a to_o affirmantia_fw-la ergo_fw-la because_o that_o be_v it_o which_o be_v only_o special_a here_o he_o mean_v they_o by_o the_o negative_a part_n sunt_fw-la for_o as_o there_o be_v a_o something_o so_o there_o must_v be_v a_o nothing_o because_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v except_o ens_fw-la primum_fw-la as_o it_o be_v not_o once_o so_o may_v it_o not_o be_v again_o quorum_fw-la alterum_fw-la ait_fw-la alterum_fw-la negate_fw-la idem_fw-la that_o be_v the_o one_o be_v a_o thing_n in_o rerum_fw-la natura_fw-la alterum_fw-la negate_fw-la that_o be_v the_o other_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n in_o rerum_fw-la natura_fw-la he_o have_v not_o better_a word_n to_o utter_v they_o to_o the_o act_n of_o our_o understanding_n ergo_fw-la borrow_v these_o word_n ait_fw-fr negate_fw-la which_o be_v a_o metonimy_n of_o the_o adjunct_n for_o the_o subject_n but_o remove_v the_o rhetoric_n and_o you_o shall_v see_v what_o he_o mean_v idem_fw-la for_o it_o be_v by_o oppositum_fw-la ens_fw-la that_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la be_v ens_fw-la and_o it_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o nothing_o contradicent_fw-la that_o nothing_o be_v a_o argument_n here_o we_o see_v the_o force_n of_o reason_n that_o make_v non_fw-la ens_fw-la to_o be_v ens_fw-la but_o it_o be_v by_o oppositum_fw-la ens_fw-la only_a so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o idem_fw-la they_o be_v not_o contrary_n no_o not_o opposite_n object_n but_o may_v it_o not_o have_v be_v leave_v out_o be_v teach_v general_o before_o answ_n no_o there_o must_v be_v a_o denial_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n for_o the_o whole_a entity_n that_o we_o give_v to_o a_o negant_fw-la be_v per_fw-la oppositum_fw-la ens_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o must_v have_v reference_n to_o idem_fw-la sunt_fw-la contradicentia_fw-la aut_fw-la privantia_fw-la as_o the_o consentany_n proceed_v from_o cause_n to_o effect_n and_o so_o to_o subject_n and_o adjunct_n so_o do_v dissentany_n disagree_v less_o or_o more_o the_o less_o dissent_v argument_n must_v go_v before_o because_o they_o be_v common_a to_o the_o other_o and_o be_v contain_v in_o they_o now_o opposite_n be_v not_o this_o or_o that_o by_o a_o lesser_a or_o a_o more_o earnest_a opposition_n contrary_n be_v of_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o or_o of_o one_o thing_n to_o nothing_o and_o here_o be_v a_o sharp_a contention_n and_o again_o among_o these_o the_o contradicent_fw-la though_o it_o take_v away_o the_o same_o thing_n ubique_fw-la yet_o it_o leave_v something_o in_o room_n of_o it_o sunt_fw-la contraria_fw-la negantia_fw-la which_o we_o hear_v before_o quorum_fw-la alterum_fw-la negate_fw-la ubique_fw-la quorum_fw-la alterum_fw-la namely_o the_o deny_v negate_fw-la ubique_fw-la that_o be_v in_o every_o subject_n and_o put_v another_o thing_n in_o room_n thereof_o as_o visus_fw-la non_fw-la visus_fw-la non_fw-la visus_fw-la deny_v visus_fw-la in_o my_o eye_n hand_n and_o foot_n and_o in_o every_o part_n of_o my_o body_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o take_v away_o every_o thing_n but_o there_o may_v be_v some_o thing_n that_o shall_v be_v there_o negate_fw-la ubique_fw-la good_a reason_n for_o when_o it_o pursue_v the_o contrary_a in_o every_o part_n it_o can_v be_v so_o strong_a a_o fight_n as_o where_o the_o contrary_a fight_n with_o the_o other_o in_o the_o same_o subject_n ut_fw-la iustùs_fw-la non_fw-la iustùs_fw-la for_o the_o use_n of_o they_o we_o seldom_o find_v they_o direct_o oppose_v but_o in_o a_o axiom_n we_o chief_o find_v they_o as_o when_o i_o say_v it_o be_v so_o it_o be_v not_o so_o or_o we_o shall_v find_v they_o often_o by_o way_n of_o mock_v as_o when_o we_o cry_v at_o a_o thing_n and_o say_v if_o it_o be_v not_o it_o be_v not_o here_o be_v the_o antecedent_n negative_a and_o the_o antecedent_n affirmative_a sic_fw-la in_o defensicne_fw-la murenae_fw-la &c_n &c_n nihil_fw-la ignoveris_fw-la say_v the_o stoic_a imo_fw-la aliquid_fw-la non_fw-la omne_fw-la here_o be_v contradicent_fw-la axiom_n make_v one_o axiom_n to_o consist_v of_o contradicent_fw-la argument_n so_o that_o by_o this_o example_n we_o may_v see_v where_o they_o be_v use_v they_o be_v call_v contradientia_fw-la because_o the_o contrariety_n be_v in_o the_o denial_n of_o the_o word_n affirm_v quasi_fw-la contrarietas_fw-la in_o dictione_n but_o it_o be_v in_o re_fw-mi indeed_o so_o that_o this_o be_v contradiction_n when_o two_o talk_n together_o and_o the_o one_o deny_v that_o which_o the_o other_o say_v as_o dives_n non_fw-la dives_fw-la bella_fw-la non_fw-la bella_fw-la pvella_fw-la non_fw-la pvella_fw-la so_o cicero_n count_v atticus_n a_o epicure_n by_o profession_n that_o mortui_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la miseri_fw-la because_o non_fw-la sunt_fw-la now_o when_o we_o find_v contradiction_n in_o a_o speech_n we_o show_v it_o by_o the_o rule_n we_o find_v many_o argument_n among_o the_o papist_n to_o be_v of_o this_o kind_n and_o also_o among_o our_o own_o man_n the_o fallace_n be_v general_a to_o opposite_n and_o there_o be_v non-contradicents_a for_o contradicent_n when_o man_n contend_v about_o nothing_o chap._n 17._o de_fw-fr privantibus_fw-la privantia_fw-la sunt_fw-la contraria_fw-la negantia_fw-la quorum_fw-la alterum_fw-la negatâ—in_fw-la eo_fw-la tantum_fw-la subjecto_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la affirmatum_fw-la suapte_v natura_fw-la inest_fw-la now_o we_o come_v to_o see_v a_o thing_n in_o his_o be_v and_o with_o his_o compliment_n may_v not_o be_v that_o absence_n of_o a_o thing_n where_o it_o shall_v be_v for_o privans_n be_v nothing_o else_o privan_n will_v neither_o let_v the_o habit_n of_o the_o thing_n it_o deni_v be_v there_o nor_o any_o other_o thing_n but_o itself_o ergo_fw-la there_o be_v the_o great_a contention_n that_o can_v be_v and_o between_o something_o and_o nothing_o in_o the_o same_o place_n there_o be_v the_o great_a distance_n and_o nothing_o pull_v out_o something_o as_o
indeed_o reason_n first_o see_v both_o itself_o and_o the_o other_o arts._n ens_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la now_o have_v find_v that_o ens_fw-la be_v it_o be_v requisite_a that_o we_o shall_v know_v what_o it_o be_v and_o i_o say_v ens_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la if_o we_o shall_v look_v at_o the_o grammatical_a notation_n of_o ens_fw-la it_o be_v a_o participle_n of_o the_o present_a tense_n and_o therefore_o be_v as_o much_o as_o quod_fw-la est_fw-la even_o as_o legens_fw-la and_o qui_fw-la or_o quae_fw-la legit_fw-la be_v the_o same_o or_o as_o in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d verberans_fw-la or_o qui_fw-la verberat_fw-la be_v all_o one_o and_o that_o the_o very_a particle_n do_v show_v for_o if_o it_o be_v of_o the_o present_a tense_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o verb_n of_o the_o present_a tense_n so_o that_o ens_fw-la and_o quod_fw-la est_fw-la be_v the_o same_o again_o if_o there_o be_v ens_fw-la as_o we_o have_v already_o prove_v then_o vel_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la vel_fw-la non_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la vel_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la at_o neque_fw-la non_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la nec_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la ergo_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la for_o when_o i_o say_v non_fw-fr quod_fw-la est_fw-la than_o i_o put_v ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la impossibile_fw-it ergo_fw-la this_o can_n no_o way_n be_v ens_fw-la no_o not_o in_o our_o fantasy_n when_o i_o say_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la than_o i_o put_v ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la impossibile_fw-it and_o to_o that_o i_o give_v a_o quod_fw-la but_o non_fw-la est_fw-la so_o that_o in_o the_o end_n i_o say_v ens_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la that_o be_v neither_o ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la possibile_fw-la or_o ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la impossibile_fw-it and_o therefore_o if_o we_o will_v define_v ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la impossibile_fw-it it_o be_v non_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la if_o we_o define_v ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la possibile_fw-la it_o be_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la now_o if_o neither_o ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la possibile_fw-la nor_o ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la impossibile_fw-it be_fw-mi entia_fw-la then_o ens_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la and_o again_o when_o i_o deny_v non_fw-fr quod_fw-la est_fw-la i_o deny_v est_fw-fr and_o when_o i_o deny_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la i_o deny_v est_fw-fr ergo_fw-la ens_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la again_o ens_fw-la and_o bonum_fw-la be_v all_o one_o therefore_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la and_o malum_fw-la be_v all_o go_v therefore_o scion_n non_fw-la sit_fw-la than_o it_o be_v bonum_fw-la and_o malum_fw-la ergoens_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la ens_fw-la est_fw-la primum_fw-la vel_fw-la a_o primo_fw-la if_o ens_fw-la be_v it_o must_v be_v either_o first_o absolute_o which_o be_v not_o from_o another_o or_o it_o must_v be_v from_o a_o first_o that_o be_v from_o another_o which_o be_v not_o from_o another_o again_o contradiction_n show_v it_o for_o it_o be_v as_o if_o i_o shall_v say_v ens_fw-la be_v non_fw-la aliunde_fw-la or_o aliunde_fw-la that_o be_v it_o be_v of_o itself_o or_o not_o of_o itself_o and_o this_o be_v contradiction_n but_o objection_n may_v be_v make_v that_o in_o the_o continual_a generation_n of_o thing_n one_o thing_n be_v before_o another_o as_o my_o father_n beget_v i_o and_o another_o beget_v my_o father_n and_o so_o in_o infinitum_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o ens_fw-la shall_v be_v absolute_o first_o or_o from_o a_o first_o answ_n this_o be_v nothing_o for_o be_o i_o from_o my_o father_n this_o than_o he_o be_v before_o i_o be_v and_o i_o be_o after_o he_o ergo_fw-la here_o be_v prius_fw-la and_o posterius_fw-la therefore_o here_o can_v be_v eternity_n ergo_fw-la this_o ens_fw-la be_v not_o eternal_a again_o be_v not_o my_o father_n case_n as_o well_o as_o i_o to_o be_v from_o another_o and_o so_o all_o man_n till_o they_o come_v to_o ens_fw-la primum_fw-la yes_o ergo_fw-la all_o man_n be_v from_o other_o till_o we_o come_v to_o this_o first_o absolute_a be_v which_o be_v not_o from_o any_o other_o for_o than_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v primum_fw-la ergo_fw-la ens_fw-la est_fw-la primum_fw-la vel_fw-la a_o primo_fw-la ens_fw-la absolute_a primum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la seipso_fw-la first_o if_o there_o be_v ens_fw-la primum_fw-la or_o a_o primo_fw-la there_o must_v be_v ens_fw-la primum_fw-la of_o necessity_n for_o if_o there_o be_v ens_fw-la primum_fw-la you_o grant_v it_o i_o if_o there_o be_v ens_fw-la a_o primo_fw-la you_o must_v also_o grant_v ens_fw-la primum_fw-la therefore_o ens_fw-la primum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d primum_fw-la and_o maxim_n intelligibile_fw-la therefore_o atheist_n be_v here_o to_o be_v confute_v for_o they_o may_v soon_o doubt_v whether_o they_o themselves_o be_v then_o whether_o god_n be_v for_o if_o they_o be_v entia_fw-la a_o primo_fw-la they_o must_v first_o know_v he_o that_o be_v primum_fw-la before_o they_o can_v know_v themselves_o for_o the_o cause_n be_v before_o the_o effect_n quod_fw-la est_fw-la seipso_fw-la it_o must_v be_v be_v either_o seipso_fw-la or_o aliunde_fw-la if_o aliunde_fw-la ne_fw-la primum_fw-la for_o that_o from_o which_o it_o be_v be_v prius_fw-la unto_o it_o ergo_fw-la est_fw-la seipso_fw-la object_n bellarmine_n say_v that_o god_n be_v not_o seipso_fw-la neither_o any_o creature_n whatsoever_o for_o than_o he_o say_v the_o same_o thing_n will_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o itself_o and_o the_o effect_n resp_n it_o be_v a_o mere_a sophism_n or_o rather_o a_o amphibolia_fw-la of_o the_o phrase_n for_o when_o we_o say_v god_n be_v seipso_fw-la we_o do_v not_o mean_v that_o he_o have_v cause_n but_o we_o mean_v privative_o that_o he_o be_v not_o aliunde_fw-la and_o est_fw-la seipso_fw-la and_o est_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o same_o it_o be_v quod_fw-la est_fw-la and_o so_o est_fw-la seipso_fw-la ens_fw-la primum_fw-la est_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o he_o be_v seipso_fw-la than_o he_o be_v without_o cause_n that_o that_o be_v absolute_o first_o must_v have_v no_o cause_n for_o than_o it_o be_v not_o absolute_o first_o ergo_fw-la there_o can_v be_v no_o scientia_fw-la of_o he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o tunc_fw-la scire_fw-la dicimur_fw-la cum_fw-la causas_fw-la scimus_fw-la again_o first_o if_o he_o have_v no_o cause_n he_o have_v no_o end_n ergo_fw-la he_o be_v not_o make_v for_o a_o end_n ergo_fw-la there_o can_v be_v no_o art_n of_o he_o to_o guide_v he_o to_o a_o end_n so_o that_o we_o find_v in_o this_o respect_n that_o ens_fw-la primum_fw-la can_v be_v the_o subject_n of_o art_n every_o art_n be_v to_o guide_v the_o thing_n whereof_o it_o be_v a_o art_n to_o it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d again_o every_o art_n do_v lay_v forth_o the_o cause_n effect_n subject_n and_o the_o proper_a adjunct_n of_o a_o thing_n for_o if_o it_o have_v no_o cause_n it_o can_v have_v no_o quality_n and_o god_n have_v none_o of_o these_o ergo_fw-la he_o be_v not_o the_o subject_n of_o art_n hence_o again_o as_o this_o ens_fw-la be_v beyond_o our_o reason_n so_o he_o be_v beyond_o our_o speech_n either_o grammar_n or_o rhetoric_n so_o that_o concern_v this_o ens_fw-la primum_fw-la whatsoever_o we_o think_v or_o speak_v it_o be_v imperfect_a now_o bring_v it_o to_o our_o logic_n after_o another_o sort_n and_o we_o shall_v see_v this_o ens_fw-la to_o be_v beyond_o art_n our_o logic_n bring_v we_o first_o to_o a_o first_o efficient_a and_o in_o the_o resolution_n of_o any_o thing_n we_o go_v so_o far_o as_o in_o the_o end_n we_o find_v a_o first_o efficient_a now_o this_o first_o efficient_a have_v nothing_o before_o it_o ergo_fw-la that_o be_v beyond_o our_o reason_n therefore_o what_o that_o be_v we_o can_v tell_v and_o therefore_o if_o we_o shall_v make_v he_o a_o effect_n to_o look_v out_o his_o cause_n we_o shall_v not_o make_v he_o first_o ergo_fw-la he_o be_v beyond_o all_o art_n then_o again_o there_o be_v no_o art_n but_o be_v a_o eternal_a rule_n in_o the_o idea_n of_o god_n as_o a_o precept_n of_o that_o thing_n whereof_o it_o be_v a_o art_n to_o guide_v it_o to_o its_o eupraxie_n therefore_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o art_n of_o he_o there_o must_v be_v a_o former_a ens_fw-la which_o must_v have_v the_o idea_n of_o it_o to_o show_v how_o this_o ens_fw-la primum_fw-la be_v make_v and_o whereby_o it_o must_v be_v govern_v so_o that_o he_o be_v not_o the_o subject_n of_o our_o reason_n so_o that_o whereas_o i_o say_v before_o that_o ens_fw-la be_v the_o subject_n of_o our_o reason_n here_o i_o recall_v it_o and_o say_v that_o primum_fw-la ens_fw-la be_v beyond_o out_o logic_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v beyond_o all_o art_n we_o will_v go_v they_o over_o more_o brief_o till_o we_o come_v to_o ens_fw-la a_o primo_fw-la first_o then_o he_o be_v without_o efficient_a for_o he_o be_v without_o cause_n ergo_fw-la he_o be_v uncreated_a for_o the_o first_o matter_n though_o it_o be_v without_o matter_n and_o form_n yet_o it_o
rule_n of_o grammar_n join_v a_o nominative_a case_n and_o a_o verb_n together_o i_o can_v also_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n undo_v they_o again_o and_o see_v whether_o it_o be_v true_a and_o this_o we_o call_v construe_v of_o latin_a which_o indeed_o be_v distrue_v for_o it_o be_v analysis_n for_o we_o pull_v that_o asunder_o which_o tully_n have_v lay_v together_o and_o indeed_o none_o can_v well_o undo_v a_o thing_n but_o he_o that_o have_v make_v it_o or_o one_o that_o know_v how_o to_o make_v it_o and_o therefore_o we_o do_v not_o send_v for_o a_o joiner_n to_o pull_v down_o a_o house_n but_o for_o a_o carpenter_n ergo_fw-la if_o every_o thing_n have_v his_o genesis_n and_o analysis_n art_n must_v also_o have_v they_o which_o follow_v the_o thing_n genesis_n est_fw-la progressus_fw-la artis_fw-la a_o simplicibus_fw-la ad_fw-la composita_fw-la this_o art_n have_v his_o genesis_n which_o be_v a_o progress_n for_o genesis_n begin_v at_o the_o simples_n and_o so_o go_v to_o the_o composites_n therefore_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o progress_n now_o every_o thing_n but_o god_n be_v compose_v of_o simples_n therefore_o there_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o genesis_n of_o every_o art_n which_o still_o follow_v the_o thing_n so_o logic_n first_o look_v at_o the_o invention_n of_o thing_n then_o at_o the_o axiom_n syllogism_n and_o method_n so_o grammar_n first_o begin_v with_o letter_n then_o with_o syllable_n then_o with_o word_n then_o with_o sentence_n and_o arithmetic_n first_o consider_v simple_a number_n then_o comparative_a etc._n etc._n so_o geometry_n first_o look_v at_o line_n then_o at_o superficies_n then_o at_o corpus_fw-la so_o natural_a philosophy_n first_o begin_v with_o simple_a nature_n then_o with_o composites_n first_o with_o those_o that_o be_v without_o life_n than_o those_o that_o live_v first_o a_o simple_a life_n second_o those_o that_o live_v a_o composite_a life_n analysis_n est_fw-la regressus_fw-la a_o compositis_fw-la ad_fw-la simplicia_fw-la analysis_n be_v a_o unwind_n of_o a_o bottom_n of_o thread_n which_o we_o wound_v up_o before_o so_o we_o analyse_v that_o which_o be_v genise_v before_o so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o regressio_fw-la &c_n &c_n for_o that_o way_n that_o you_o take_v in_o genesi_fw-la the_o same_o way_n you_o take_v in_o analysi_fw-la only_o you_o begin_v at_o divers_a end_n so_o in_o logic_n we_o take_v a_o axiom_n and_o resolve_v it_o into_o argument_n and_o so_o in_o grammar_n we_o take_v a_o sentence_n and_o resolve_v it_o into_o word_n and_o so_o when_o i_o ask_v what_o a_o word_n signify_v he_o that_o tell_v i_o the_o signification_n of_o it_o do_v analyse_v it_o and_o so_o for_o the_o other_o art_n as_o we_o hear_v before_o in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o genesis_n now_o the_o school_n think_v that_o genesis_fw-la and_o analysis_n belong_v to_o method_n in_o logic_n which_o happy_o they_o may_v have_v from_o aristotle_n who_o intitule_v his_o book_n analytic_n and_o thence_o they_o make_v method_n to_o be_v double_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o they_o belong_v to_o every_o art_n therefore_o must_v be_v teach_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o again_o there_o be_v genesis_fw-la and_o analysis_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o axiom_n as_o when_o i_o seek_v for_o a_o cause_n or_o any_o other_o argument_n to_o make_v a_o axiom_n or_o when_o i_o resolve_v it_o into_o a_o cause_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o when_o i_o ask_v what_o be_v latin_a for_o such_o a_o word_n i_o genise_v it_o and_o english_n it_o i_o analyse_v it_o so_o that_o they_o belong_v not_o to_o method_n which_o be_v a_o disposition_n for_o they_o may_v be_v of_o one_o word_n again_o they_o may_v be_v as_o well_o of_o any_o other_o rule_n as_o of_o method_n now_o because_o they_o do_v observe_v the_o analysis_n and_o genesis_fw-la in_o method_n more_o usual_o than_o of_o art_n in_o general_n therefore_o they_o think_v they_o to_o belong_v only_o to_o it_o now_o indeed_o if_o i_o take_v any_o rule_n of_o art_n from_o other_o rule_n of_o art_n i_o practise_v method_n therefore_o they_o may_v be_v special_a practice_n of_o method_n for_o as_o say_v before_o they_o may_v be_v in_o any_o other_o rule_n of_o art_n as_o well_o as_o in_o it_o and_o method_n be_v not_o double_a because_o of_o they_o no_o more_o than_o any_o rule_n of_o art_n be_v double_a because_o of_o the_o double_a use_n of_o it_o and_o these_o be_v the_o life_n of_o art_n therefore_o those_o that_o will_v be_v expert_a for_o practice_v of_o any_o art_n let_v they_o practice_v these_o now_o for_o the_o general_a art_n i_o think_v none_o will_v doubt_v but_o that_o they_o belong_v to_o they_o but_o for_o the_o special_a art_n there_o may_v be_v some_o doubt_n if_o you_o draw_v any_o deduction_n from_o any_o first_o rule_n of_o any_o special_a art_n it_o be_v genesis_fw-la or_o if_o you_o draw_v deduction_n unto_o a_o first_o rule_n from_o it_o it_o be_v analysis_n etc._n etc._n so_o when_o you_o examine_v the_o sun_n course_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o astronomy_n it_o be_v genesis_fw-la analysis_n contra_fw-la this_o analysis_n if_o it_o be_v imitate_v for_o so_o it_o please_v the_o lord_n to_o let_v we_o resolve_v his_o creature_n that_o we_o may_v work_v alike_o that_o be_v call_v imitatio_fw-la so_o that_o those_o that_o have_v write_v so_o much_o of_o imitatio_fw-la be_v to_o bring_v it_o hither_o and_o imitatio_fw-la be_v general_a as_o we_o imitate_v some_o analysis_n of_o some_o thing_n that_o be_v genise_v and_o indeed_o all_o our_o practice_n be_v nothing_o but_o genesis_fw-la imitative_a of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o a_o child_n when_o he_o write_v a_o copy_n by_o his_o master_n example_n do_v imitate_v he_o for_o first_o he_o look_v at_o the_o line_n then_o at_o the_o sentence_n then_o at_o the_o word_n and_o last_o at_o the_o letter_n so_o a_o apprentice_n when_o he_o work_v according_a as_o his_o master_n reach_v he_o do_v imitate_v his_o example_n and_o thus_o as_o we_o see_v god_n wisdom_n make_v up_o the_o thing_n so_o we_o see_v man_n work_n in_o imitate_v god_n vbi_fw-la genesis_fw-la desinit_fw-la ibi_fw-la incipit_fw-la analysis_n for_o if_o genesis_fw-la be_v progressus_fw-la a_o simplicibus_fw-la ad_fw-la composita_fw-la and_o analysis_n regressus_fw-la a_o compositis_fw-la ad_fw-la simplicia_fw-la then_o genesis_fw-la definit_a ubi_fw-la incipit_fw-la analysis_n at_o ergo_fw-la again_o it_o follow_v that_o analysis_n conjuncta_fw-la be_v veer_fw-la hermineutica_fw-la or_o interpretativa_fw-la for_o when_o i_o have_v a_o example_n and_o do_v resolve_v the_o prattomenon_n give_v to_o every_o art_n his_o own_o i_o tell_v you_o all_o that_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o thing_n as_o in_o this_o example_n homo_fw-la est_fw-la bulla_fw-la but_o this_o late_a consecution_n will_v come_v in_o better_a in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o prattomenon_n prattomenon_fw-mi est_fw-la res_fw-la motu_fw-la artis_fw-la facta_fw-la prattomenon_fw-mi be_v that_o that_o the_o art_n have_v do_v by_o his_o praxis_fw-la for_o actio_fw-la must_v go_v before_o passio_fw-la and_o praxis_fw-la be_v before_o prattomenon_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o it_o be_v make_v for_o man_n and_o therefore_o must_v have_v a_o prattomenon_n for_o else_o the_o motion_n of_o it_o will_v be_v little_a worth_n now_o to_o prattomenon_n there_o belong_v two_o thing_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o when_o art_n have_v act_v and_o act_v a_o work_n it_o rest_v not_o there_o for_o it_o be_v for_o a_o use_n therefore_o there_o must_v go_v with_o prattomenon_fw-mi a_o use_n thereof_o now_o this_o use_n may_v be_v confuse_v with_o the_o prattomena_fw-la of_o other_o art_n so_o that_o this_o rule_n be_v here_o to_o be_v teach_v that_o the_o art_n for_o their_o precept_n be_v distinct_a but_o not_o for_o the_o use_n of_o their_o prattomena_n for_o use_n hold_v the_o prattomena_fw-la of_o art_n together_o as_o in_o this_o example_n all_o flesh_n be_v grass_n if_o it_o be_v examine_v for_o in_o this_o there_o be_v the_o prattomenon_n of_o logic_n grammar_n rhetoric_n natural_a philosophy_n and_o last_o the_o prattomenon_n of_o divinity_n hence_o we_o say_v the_o use_n of_o art_n be_v general_a but_o we_o mean_v the_o use_n of_o the_o prattomenon_n of_o art_n for_o the_o precept_n of_o art_n be_v not_o only_o distinct_a but_o the_o praxis_fw-la to_o and_o the_o prattomenon_n also_o till_o we_o come_v to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o it_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o a_o shipwright_n his_o rule_n of_o art_n be_v distinct_a his_o motus_fw-la be_v distinct_a and_o his_o prattomenon_n be_v distinct_a till_o you_o come_v to_o look_v at_o the_o manifold_a use_n of_o his_o prattomenon_n so_o first_o the_o shepherd_n have_v his_o prattomenon_n than_o the_o grazier_n he_o use_v the_o prattomenon_n of_o the_o
be_v accidental_a to_o a_o axiom_n for_o it_o may_v be_v subjectum_fw-la as_o well_o and_o both_o be_v accidental_a ad_fw-la arguendum_fw-la why_o ad_fw-la arguendum_fw-la because_o the_o end_n of_o a_o argument_n be_v to_o argue_v to_o play_v the_o argument_n as_o the_o eye_n to_o see_v ad_fw-la arguendum_fw-la because_o evermore_o when_o we_o fetch_v a_o argument_n to_o show_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v the_o arguens_fw-la and_o do_v agere_fw-la the_o aliquid_fw-la be_v also_o a_o argument_n but_o it_o do_v pati_fw-la so_o that_o as_o quoth_v be_v general_a that_o be_v arguens_fw-la or_o do_v argue_v so_o it_o tell_v i_o that_o any_o thing_n may_v be_v argue_v so_o hâ—mo_fw-la est_fw-la aliquid_fw-la here_o homo_fw-la be_v the_o aliquid_fw-la and_o be_v argue_v by_o his_o genus_fw-la which_o charge_v homo_fw-la therefore_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o world_n but_o be_v a_o argument_n and_o may_v argue_v or_o be_v argue_v but_o remember_v that_o both_o quod_fw-la and_o the_o aliquid_fw-la that_o be_v both_o the_o arguens_fw-la and_o argutum_fw-la do_v arguere_fw-la but_o the_o one_o first_o the_o other_o second_o the_o one_o do_v agere_fw-la the_o other_o do_v pati_fw-la and_o so_o reagere_fw-la the_o aliquid_fw-la tell_v i_o it_o be_v the_o first_o and_o then_o quod_fw-la come_v and_o argue_v it_o now_o will_v you_o argue_v than_o evermore_o look_v first_o and_o that_o careful_o whether_o your_o quod_fw-la will_v argue_v your_o aliquid_fw-la as_o will_v you_o build_v a_o house_n with_o sand_n that_o will_v not_o serve_v the_o turn_n for_o it_o be_v not_o affectum_fw-la to_o it_o neither_o have_v it_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o it_o so_o that_o by_o any_o mean_n let_v we_o keep_v close_o to_o our_o rule_n and_o we_o shall_v not_o do_v wrong_a the_o fallacian_n of_o the_o common_a logician_n of_o coxismus_n or_o petitio_fw-la principii_fw-la or_o cuculi_fw-la cantus_fw-la for_o they_o be_v all_o one_o as_o the_o cuckoo_n cry_v cuckoo_n the_o 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it_o be_v simmont_v with_o another_o thing_n quales_fw-la sunt_fw-la singulae_fw-la rationes_fw-la solae_fw-la &_o per_fw-la se_fw-la consideratae_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v what_o argumentum_fw-la be_v and_o the_o first_o thing_n that_o we_o be_v to_o look_v at_o in_o simples_n be_v this_o the_o glue_n to_o be_v affection_a as_o if_o we_o shall_v look_v for_o a_o cause_n see_v whether_o it_o be_v affect_v to_o be_v so_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o fallacian_n in_o part_n before_o as_o first_o where_o there_o be_v no_o argument_n but_o petitio_fw-la principii_fw-la and_o that_o either_o where_o there_o be_v no_o petitio_fw-la principii_fw-la and_o that_o either_o where_o there_o be_v no_o petitio_fw-la at_o all_o or_o where_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v utter_v in_o a_o synonymie_n or_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n again_o it_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o this_o rule_n when_o that_o be_v bring_v for_o a_o argument_n which_o be_v no_o argument_n as_o baculus_fw-la stat_fw-la in_o angulo_fw-la or_o when_o the_o three_o argument_n be_v more_o obscure_a and_o doubtful_a than_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o question_n these_o and_o all_o other_o petitiones_fw-la principii_fw-la be_v breach_n of_o this_o rule_n in_o general_n and_o not_o of_o any_o special_a one_o again_o it_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o argument_n when_o we_o mistake_v the_o aliquid_fw-la though_o the_o argument_n be_v good_a and_o so_o that_o heterozetesis_n be_v a_o fallace_n of_o argumentum_fw-la in_o genere_fw-la as_o when_o i_o talk_v of_o chalk_n he_o talk_v of_o cheese_n now_o we_o come_v to_o the_o commoration_n after_o argumentum_fw-la quales_fw-la sunt_fw-la fingula_fw-la rationes_fw-la solae_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o have_v define_v argumentum_fw-la from_o that_o affection_n that_o be_v continual_o in_o it_o for_o the_o act_n be_v accidental_a and_o may_v be_v want_v for_o potentia_fw-la as_o we_o hear_v in_o nature_n arise_v from_o the_o act_n of_o the_o form_n upon_o the_o matter_n now_o he_o say_v singulae_fw-la that_o be_v argument_n by_o argument_n the_o cause_n alone_o the_o effect_n alone_o and_o so_o all_o the_o argument_n from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n he_o say_v rationes_fw-la rather_o than_o argumenta_fw-la first_o because_o there_o be_v a_o equivocation_n in_o that_o word_n many_o have_v think_v it_o to_o belong_v to_o a_o syllogism_n only_o and_o so_o when_o we_o say_v i_o deny_v your_o reason_n there_o it_o be_v take_v for_o a_o axiom_n now_o it_o be_v take_v sometime_o for_o the_o faculty_n of_o reason_n sometime_o for_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o thing_n here_o he_o show_v that_o it_o be_v take_v for_o the_o same_o with_o argumentum_fw-la solae_fw-la that_o be_v as_o they_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v in_o invention_n without_o judgement_n and_o that_o he_o explain_v further_o per_fw-la se_fw-la that_o be_v they_o be_v in_o their_o definition_n not_o respect_v with_o some_o thing_n external_o these_o be_v tale_n that_o be_v such_o as_o i_o have_v define_v unto_o you_o so_o that_o he_o do_v here_o commorari_fw-la because_o of_o difference_n with_o aristotle_n or_o rather_o with_o the_o aristotelian_o even_o as_o he_o stay_v before_o upon_o the_o definition_n of_o dialectica_fw-la for_o they_o think_v there_o be_v no_o argument_n but_o in_o judgement_n and_o therefore_o have_v question_n with_o ramus_n whether_o a_o argument_n be_v to_o be_v teach_v before_o we_o come_v to_o a_o syllogism_n ramus_n here_o propound_v it_o and_o determine_v it_o for_o his_o own_o part_n that_o it_o may_v be_v without_o judgement_n and_o look_v at_o other_o and_o you_o shall_v see_v they_o define_v all_o argument_n from_o their_o use_n in_o a_o syllogism_n as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o all_o topic_a place_n of_o aristotle_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o straight_o as_o they_o take_v it_o and_o ramus_n will_v teach_v we_o here_o that_o to_o argue_v be_v accidental_a to_o a_o argument_n and_o disposition_n to_o so_o that_o their_o mistake_n make_v he_o here_o to_o demur_v and_o stay_v upon_o it_o now_o indeed_o there_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v a_o simple_a consideration_n of_o argumentum_fw-la for_o though_o thing_n in_o nature_n be_v dispose_v together_o yet_o they_o be_v sever_v at_o the_o first_o and_o again_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v they_o so_o still_o though_o they_o be_v together_o consideratae_fw-la he_o use_v this_o word_n because_o thought_n invention_n and_o judgement_n be_v join_v together_o in_o nature_n yet_o he_o will_v here_o tell_v we_o that_o we_o be_v to_o sever_v they_o by_o our_o consideration_n as_o thus_o i_o can_v see_v heat_n without_o fire_n cold_a without_o water_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o singulae_fw-la rationeâ—_n be_v solae_fw-la &_o per_fw-la se_fw-la consideratae_fw-la non_fw-la in_o usu_fw-la for_o so_o they_o can_v be_v but_o they_o be_v solae_fw-la &_o per_fw-la se_fw-la consideratae_fw-la in_o consideration_n for_o so_o they_o be_v he_o say_v quail_n because_o argumentum_fw-la be_v define_v from_o his_o quality_n or_o property_n of_o affection_n and_o property_n be_v quality_n argumentum_fw-la est_fw-la artificiale_a aut_fw-la inartificiale_a this_o affection_n or_o glue_v be_v artificiale_a or_o inartificiale_a as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v argumâ—ntum_fw-la have_v this_o affection_n ex_fw-la sese_fw-la and_o it_o be_v in_o artificio_fw-la rei_fw-la or_o it_o be_v not_o ex_fw-la sese_fw-la but_o from_o some_o other_o thing_n so_o that_o every_o argument_n be_v affect_v but_o two_o way_n one_o as_o a_o artificial_a argument_n the_o other_o as_o a_o inartificial_a now_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o distribution_n be_v this_o god_n have_v make_v all_o thing_n for_o man_n and_o at_o the_o begin_n for_o one_o man_n and_o they_o be_v to_o conduce_v to_o one_o but_o all_o thing_n can_v come_v under_o one_o man_n eye_n of_o reason_n therefore_o that_o he_o may_v be_v better_o furnish_v herein_o god_n have_v provide_v these_o two_o the_o one_o whereby_o he_o may_v see_v by_o himself_o
humo_fw-la here_o be_v the_o material_a cause_n and_o effect_v but_o at_o the_o second_o hand_n when_o i_o consider_v how_o man_n be_v make_v ab_fw-la humo_fw-la and_o from_o thence_o denominate_v he_o homo_fw-la there_o it_o be_v that_o second_o logic_n so_o that_o the_o first_o invention_n only_o look_v at_o the_o thing_n without_o consideration_n of_o the_o name_n the_o second_o invention_n look_v both_o at_o the_o thing_n and_o at_o the_o name_n so_o when_o i_o denominate_v homo_fw-la from_o that_o thing_n justice_n in_o he_o to_o be_v iustùs_fw-la i_o mean_v not_o the_o name_n nor_o the_o thing_n but_o the_o name_n and_o the_o thing_n together_o for_o orta_fw-la a_o primis_fw-la perinde_v sunt_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la arguunt_fw-la sicut_fw-la prima_fw-la unde_fw-la oriuntur_fw-la ergo_fw-la there_o must_v be_v both_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o first_o argument_n in_o they_o and_o that_o affectio_fw-la also_o so_o in_o a_o distribution_n if_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la effect_n be_v as_o in_o navi_fw-la alii_fw-la malos_fw-la scandunt_fw-la alii_fw-la per_fw-la fores_fw-la cursitant_n etc._n etc._n here_o malos_fw-la scandere_fw-la per_fw-la fores_fw-la cursitare_fw-la sentinam_fw-la exhaurire_fw-la be_v cause_n and_o effect_n first_o but_o as_o these_o nautae_fw-la be_v distribute_v by_o their_o effect_n here_o be_v the_o orta_fw-la categoria_fw-la the_o arise_v argue_v so_o in_o a_o distribution_n ex_fw-la causis_fw-la of_o integrum_fw-la into_o membra_fw-la the_o first_o invention_n be_v matter_n and_o form_n the_o second_o invention_n be_v they_o two_o together_o in_o the_o member_n make_v up_o the_o integrum_fw-la so_o in_o a_o distribution_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la into_o the_o species_n as_o in_o animali_fw-la there_o be_v essentia_fw-la corporea_fw-la plena_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la &_o sensus_fw-la which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o homo_fw-la and_o brutum_fw-la then_o there_o be_v a_o symbolum_fw-la of_o they_o when_o we_o jumble_v they_o together_o so_o in_o a_o distribution_n ex_fw-la adjunctis_fw-la homo_fw-la be_v aeger_fw-la homo_fw-la be_v sanus_fw-la here_o be_v both_o subjectum_fw-la and_o adjunctum_fw-la but_o when_o i_o make_v a_o distribution_n and_o say_v homo_fw-la est_fw-la aeger_fw-la aut_fw-la sanus_fw-la this_o be_v the_o second_o logic_n and_o this_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o community_n of_o a_o cause_n a_o effect_n a_o subject_n a_o adjunct_n for_o that_o cause_v these_o distribution_n so_o in_o a_o definition_n there_o be_v first_o genus_fw-la which_o arise_v from_o matter_n and_o form_n then_o the_o second_o invention_n of_o they_o be_v the_o heap_v of_o they_o together_o so_o as_o they_o make_v but_o one_o argument_n namely_o definitio_fw-la so_o in_o a_o distribution_n though_o there_o may_v be_v more_o argument_n yet_o be_v they_o also_o heap_v together_o to_o make_v one_o argument_n namely_o descriptio_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la suae_fw-la originis_fw-la this_o be_v true_a in_o respect_n of_o ortum_fw-la which_o make_v ramus_n so_o define_v it_o but_o i_o have_v rather_o respect_v the_o definition_n of_o argumentum_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la aliquid_fw-la arguendum_fw-la affectum_fw-la est_fw-la and_o to_o say_v artificiale_a ex_fw-la se_fw-la primum_fw-la primitus_fw-la and_o so_o we_o shall_v deliver_v it_o as_o it_o act_v which_o be_v best_a primum_fw-la est_fw-la simplex_fw-la seu_fw-la absolutum_fw-la aut_fw-la comparatum_fw-la i_o rather_o say_v absolutum_fw-la because_o absolutum_fw-la and_o simplex_fw-la be_v more_o oppose_v and_o so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v oppose_v now_o these_o simple_a argument_n do_v look_v at_o those_o that_o be_v in_o artificio_fw-la rei_fw-la as_o they_o be_v in_o their_o own_o nature_n for_o that_o be_v his_o meaning_n as_o when_o i_o say_v the_o wall_n be_v white_a here_o i_o look_v at_o the_o wall_n as_o it_o be_v simple_a and_o absolute_a in_o its_o own_o nature_n and_o in_o like_a sort_n at_o whiteness_n as_o it_o be_v simple_a and_o absolute_a in_o its_o own_o nature_n so_o that_o the_o absolute_a argument_n look_v evermore_o at_o the_o thing_n as_o they_o be_v absolute_a in_o themselves_o as_o when_o i_o say_v a_o chest_n be_v make_v of_o wood_n i_o look_v at_o both_o of_o they_o as_o they_o be_v simple_a in_o their_o own_o nature_n now_o the_o comparate_a do_v not_o consider_v the_o thing_n absolute_o but_o with_o another_o so_o in_o a_o chest_n if_o i_o consider_v the_o quantity_n of_o it_o here_o the_o chest_n and_o its_o quantity_n be_v simple_a argument_n but_o when_o i_o say_v it_o be_v great_a than_o a_o less_o chest_n or_o contra_fw-la than_o they_o be_v comparate_v so_o that_o the_o comparison_n lie_v as_o it_o be_v respect_v with_o some_o other_o thing_n so_o that_o the_o comparative_a quantity_n or_o quality_n be_v another_o thing_n the_o absolute_a greatness_n or_o littleness_n likeness_n or_o unlikeness_n for_o that_o which_o be_v absolve_v greatness_n may_v be_v comparative_a littleness_n aut_fw-la contra_fw-la absolutum_fw-la est_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la aut_fw-la dissentaneum_fw-la object_n but_o how_o be_v disagreer_n in_o artificio_fw-la rei_fw-la answ_n true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o one_o part_n of_o disagreer_n be_v not_o but_o the_o other_o be_v so_o that_o the_o absolute_a consideration_n have_v respect_n either_o to_o the_o thing_n wherewith_o it_o agree_v aut_fw-la contra_fw-la as_o ratio_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o itself_o so_o it_o be_v argumentum_fw-la simplex_fw-la seu_fw-la absolutum_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o homo_fw-la it_o be_v consentaneum_fw-la and_o go_v to_o his_o constitution_n consider_v it_o with_o irrationale_fw-la and_o there_o it_o tell_v i_o it_o will_v not_o be_v that_o so_o that_o which_o make_v fire_n not_o to_o be_v water_n be_v in_o the_o artificio_fw-la of_o fire_n so_o that_o which_o cause_v dissension_n be_v in_o the_o artificio_fw-la of_o that_o thing_n that_o be_v dissentaneum_fw-la so_o that_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v consentaneum_fw-la and_o dissentaneum_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la if_o we_o look_v at_o the_o thing_n wherein_o it_o be_v dissentaneum_fw-la if_o we_o look_v at_o another_o thing_n that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o in_o black_a and_o white_a there_o be_v that_o in_o black_a which_o make_v it_o to_o be_v black_a and_o there_o be_v moreover_o that_o in_o black_a which_o make_v it_o not_o to_o be_v white_a so_o that_o the_o same_o thing_n in_o divers_a respect_n be_v consentanie_n and_o dissentanie_n so_o that_o white_a or_o black_a consider_v with_o the_o wall_n may_v be_v consentanie_n consider_v it_o with_o that_o which_o dissent_v from_o it_o so_o it_o be_v dissentaneum_fw-la and_o all_o these_o must_v we_o see_v if_o we_o will_v see_v any_o thing_n thorough_o first_o we_o must_v see_v the_o affectio_fw-la in_o artificio_fw-la rei_fw-la then_o primitus_fw-la then_o absolute_a than_o consentanie_n then_o absolute_a quod_fw-la consentit_fw-la cum_fw-la re_fw-la therefore_o this_o be_v clear_o in_o artificio_fw-la rei_fw-la and_o so_o be_v dissentaneum_fw-la too_o that_o consentit_fw-la hence_o we_o see_v consideration_n to_o be_v general_a between_o thing_n and_o they_o be_v make_v so_o for_o else_o they_o will_v never_o make_v up_o one_o whole_a as_o all_o creature_n make_v up_o the_o world_n for_o it_o be_v concordia_fw-la discors_fw-la and_o discordia_fw-la concor_fw-la that_o make_v all_o thing_n now_o as_o there_o be_v consention_n in_o all_o thing_n so_o also_o there_o be_v dissension_n for_o else_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v one_o thus_o the_o lord_n make_v all_o thing_n to_o show_v forth_o his_o wisdom_n and_o mighty_a power_n that_o all_o thing_n shall_v consent_v together_o and_o yet_o be_v many_o consentaneum_fw-la est_fw-la absolute_a aut_fw-la modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la for_o some_o thing_n agree_v absolute_o other_o but_o after_o a_o sort_n absolutum_fw-la be_v absolute_o require_v for_o the_o be_v of_o the_o thing_n the_o other_o be_v but_o complemental_a so_o that_o here_o he_o tell_v we_o if_o we_o will_v see_v any_o thing_n first_o look_v what_o be_v in_o artificio_fw-la rei_fw-la then_o look_v what_o be_v primitus_fw-la there_o than_o what_o be_v absolute_a than_o what_o be_v consentanie_n than_o what_o be_v simple_o require_v to_o the_o be_v of_o the_o thing_n absolute_a that_o be_v so_o agree_v to_o the_o thing_n that_o if_o the_o one_o be_v not_o there_o the_o other_o will_v not_o be_v there_o &_o contra_fw-la as_o if_o any_o one_o cause_n be_v want_v there_o will_v be_v no_o effect_n if_o there_o be_v a_o concur_v of_o all_o the_o cause_n than_o a_o effect_n if_o no_o cause_n no_o effect_n &_o contra_fw-la if_o a_o effect_n then_o all_o the_o cause_n if_o no_o effect_n no_o concurrence_n of_o cause_n so_o that_o this_o absolute_a agreement_n do_v put_v a_o necessity_n of_o each_o other_o being_n now_o absolute_a and_o modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la be_v definition_n of_o themselves_o for_o he_o want_v word_n and_o therefore_o deliver_v the_o definitum_fw-la by_o the_o definitio_fw-la so_o that_o to_o ask_v a_o definition_n of_o absolute_a or_o
modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la be_v as_o if_o one_o shall_v ask_v a_o definition_n of_o animal_n ratione_fw-la absolute_a ut_fw-la causa_fw-la &_o effectum_fw-la the_o cause_n give_v esse_fw-la to_o the_o effect_n therefore_o without_o these_o esses_fw-la the_o thing_n can_v existere_fw-la ergo_fw-la there_o be_v absolute_o require_v in_o like_a sort_n in_o the_o existere_fw-la of_o the_o effect_n you_o may_v see_v the_o concurrence_n of_o all_o the_o esses_fw-la of_o all_o the_o cause_n therefore_o these_o be_v absolute_a consentanea_fw-la hence_o we_o learn_v that_o all_o the_o cause_n must_v go_v to_o the_o make_v up_o of_o the_o effect_n and_o again_o if_o any_o effect_n than_o there_o must_v be_v all_o the_o cause_n so_o than_o we_o see_v how_o the_o one_o being_n depend_v necessary_o upon_o the_o other_o ut_fw-la causa_fw-la &_o effectum_fw-la therefore_o the_o cause_n must_v first_o be_v look_v at_o as_o if_o i_o will_v look_v at_o ens_fw-la or_o any_o thing_n whatsoever_o therefore_o our_o author_n take_v this_o course_n take_v the_o very_a way_n of_o god_n in_o his_o creature_n can_v any_o man_n see_v any_o thing_n thorough_o and_o not_o see_v the_o cause_n first_o he_o can_v and_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n to_o be_v see_v in_o a_o thing_n before_o the_o cause_n there_o be_v not_o therefore_o that_o be_v always_o first_o in_o nature_n and_o therefore_o first_o also_o in_o reason_n now_o here_o be_v fallacian_n as_o to_o think_v a_o effect_n may_v be_v from_o some_o cause_n and_o to_o think_v the_o cause_n may_v be_v remove_v from_o the_o effect_n which_o be_v a_o common_a fallace_n aristotle_n organon_n tully_n office_n etc._n etc._n here_o be_v aristotle_n and_o tully_n casuality_n still_o though_o they_o be_v dead_a now_o we_o see_v how_o orderly_o we_o go_v to_o work_v if_o we_o have_v not_o do_v so_o we_o can_v not_o have_v come_v to_o causa_fw-la all_o the_o argue_v of_o they_o before_o as_o of_o artificiale_a primum_fw-la absolutum_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la simplex_fw-la be_v here_o in_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la so_o that_o there_o be_v many_o clasp_n as_o it_o be_v as_o the_o cause_n be_v in_o artificio_fw-la of_o the_o effect_n it_o be_v also_o there_o primitus_fw-la and_o absolute_a and_o consentanie_n and_o simpliciter_fw-la so_o that_o this_o descent_n do_v very_o much_o clear_a truth_n we_o have_v our_o flesh_n blood_n bone_n from_o causa_fw-la then_o afterward_o we_o have_v our_o compliment_n from_o modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentanea_fw-la than_o we_o may_v see_v we_o be_v not_o this_o or_o that_o see_v a_o imperfect_a garment_n at_o the_o tailor_n and_o you_o may_v ask_v what_o it_o be_v but_o let_v the_o tailor_n make_v it_o up_o complete_a with_o all_o its_o cut_n and_o jag_n than_o you_o may_v see_v it_o yourself_o and_o need_v not_o ask_v what_o it_o be_v for_o further_a knowledge_n of_o it_o de_fw-fr efficiente_a procreante_n &_o conservante_fw-la chap._n i._n causa_fw-la est_fw-la cujus_fw-la vires_fw-la est_fw-la remember_v the_o purpose_n of_o logic_n be_v to_o direct_v man_n to_o see_v the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n which_o that_o reason_n may_v do_v well_o it_o act_n double_o first_o by_o take_v at_o simples_n then_o by_o lay_v they_o together_o that_o which_o we_o take_v with_o the_o first_o eye_n be_v argumentum_fw-la that_o be_v any_o thing_n so_o far_o as_o it_o have_v the_o affection_n to_o argue_v first_o as_o it_o be_v in_o artificio_fw-la rei_fw-la which_o therefore_o be_v in_o a_o art_n now_o it_o be_v first_o there_o or_o second_o first_o it_o be_v there_o absolute_a by_o way_n of_o consention_n respect_v the_o thing_n wherein_o it_o be_v or_o dissent_v from_o the_o thing_n wherein_o it_o be_v not_o those_o that_o consent_n be_v absolute_o consent_v or_o modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la absolute_a as_o the_o cause_n and_o effect_n that_o proceed_v from_o the_o cause_n here_o we_o must_v begin_v because_o the_o first_o thing_n that_o come_v to_o man_n reason_n be_v the_o cause_n so_o if_o we_o take_v the_o world_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o let_v we_o resolve_v it_o and_o in_o the_o end_n we_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o first_o cause_n a_o first_o efficient_a etc._n etc._n so_o god_n be_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o himself_o without_o all_o cause_n ergo_fw-la the_o cause_n be_v first_o of_o all_o thing_n than_o the_o first_o matter_n be_v first_o in_o his_o kind_n the_o first_o form_n in_o his_o kind_n and_o the_o first_o end_n in_o his_o kind_n so_o aristotle_n say_v god_n be_v primum_fw-la intelligibile_fw-la so_o than_o if_o we_o will_v see_v the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n in_o the_o creature_n we_o shall_v see_v the_o cause_n the_o beginner_n then_o again_o aristotle_n do_v confess_v that_o causa_fw-la be_v primum_fw-la motus_fw-la again_o what_o be_v the_o initium_fw-la of_o every_o thing_n but_o his_o be_v and_o that_o be_v from_o the_o cause_n therefore_o they_o be_v first_o again_o the_o next_o cause_n be_v the_o far_a thing_n we_o can_v go_v unto_o as_o if_o we_o work_v any_o thing_n now_o if_o we_o take_v cause_n and_o look_v into_o they_o than_o we_o make_v they_o effect_n not_o cause_n as_o if_o i_o look_v at_o the_o cause_n of_o a_o garment_n i_o find_v the_o tailor_n to_o be_v the_o cause_n but_o if_o i_o look_v at_o his_o cause_n i_o make_v he_o a_o effect_n yet_o i_o can_v make_v the_o first_o efficient_a a_o effect_n etc._n etc._n the_o greek_n call_v causa_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d peto_o because_o it_o be_v that_o which_o be_v first_o grant_v or_o require_v as_o the_o geometrician_n require_v a_o petitum_fw-la or_o as_o our_o author_n shall_v say_v there_o can_v be_v no_o demonstration_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n est_fw-la argumentum_fw-la absolute_a consentaneum_fw-la etc._n etc._n causa_fw-la est_fw-la if_o a_o cause_n be_v absolute_o require_v for_o the_o effect_n than_o there_o be_v a_o cause_n then_o again_o logic_n serve_v we_o to_o behold_v the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n and_o himself_o also_o through_o the_o creature_n now_o all_o thing_n but_o god_n be_v make_v and_o be_v compose_v ergo_fw-la they_o must_v have_v cause_n est_fw-fr absolute_a consentaneum_fw-la because_o they_o be_v essential_a to_o the_o effect_n no_o shipwright_n no_o ship_n no_o wood_n no_o ship_n no_o form_n no_o effect_n no_o end_n no_o effect_n and_o all_o these_o together_o a_o effect_n &_o contra_fw-la cujus_fw-la vires_fw-la est_fw-la first_o here_o he_o tell_v we_o of_o a_o vis_fw-la than_o he_o say_v it_o be_v vis_fw-la essendi_fw-la then_o vis_fw-la essendi_fw-la rei_fw-la so_o that_o as_o there_o be_v four_o word_n so_o four_o thing_n causa_fw-la be_v here_o a_o concrete_a signify_v the_o thing_n cause_v as_o argumentum_fw-la be_v before_o signify_v the_o thing_n argue_v for_o our_o logic_n that_o bring_v we_o to_o the_o first_o cause_n do_v but_o show_v he_o as_o he_o argue_v not_o as_o he_o be_v in_o his_o be_v causa_fw-la be_v the_o thing_n argue_v cujus_fw-la that_o be_v est_fw-la res_fw-la causans_fw-la cujus_fw-la vi_fw-la this_o vis_fw-la and_o virtue_n be_v of_o the_o thing_n but_o logic_n look_v at_o it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n and_o then_o at_o the_o thing_n for_o if_o the_o thing_n have_v not_o vim_o esseficandi_fw-la a_o effect_n it_o can_v not_o be_v a_o cause_n as_o wood_n will_v not_o make_v a_o gown_n so_o that_o it_o be_v here_o second_o require_v that_o the_o thing_n causans_fw-la have_v vim_o causandi_fw-la and_o against_o this_o word_n be_v that_o common_a fallacian_n of_o non_fw-la causa_fw-la pro_fw-la causa_fw-la as_o he_o that_o will_v lay_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o child_n that_o which_o a_o man_n can_v only_o do_v so_o when_o we_o ascribe_v to_o nature_n that_o it_o can_v do_v as_o the_o make_n of_o a_o world_n which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o god_n est_fw-la est_fw-la esse_fw-la be_v a_o general_a term_n and_o may_v signify_v the_o essence_n of_o a_o thing_n or_o the_o tie_n of_o some_o thing_n to_o some_o thing_n that_o be_v not_o of_o the_o essence_n as_o first_o when_o i_o say_v vir_fw-la est_fw-la second_o vir_fw-la est_fw-la doctus_fw-la where_o i_o do_v not_o respect_v homo_fw-la from_o his_o cause_n but_o as_o he_o have_v this_o adjunct_n doctrina_fw-la and_o the_o reason_n why_o est_fw-la be_v so_o general_a be_v because_o this_o esse_fw-la be_v from_o the_o cause_n which_o be_v most_o general_a for_o nothing_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v this_o or_o that_o before_o it_o be_v which_o be_v from_o the_o cause_n by_o this_o vis_fw-la we_o must_v understand_v that_o power_n and_o faculty_n in_o the_o thing_n that_o cause_v another_o thing_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v the_o cause_n be_v affect_v to_o argue_v the_o effect_n forcible_o for_o vis_fw-la be_v here_o the_o same_o that_o affectio_fw-la be_v in_o argumentum_fw-la
effect_n and_o if_o you_o ask_v i_o what_o his_o action_n be_v i_o answer_v it_o do_v materia_fw-la or_o substantiare_fw-la the_o effect_n as_o the_o efficient_a do_v efficere_fw-la the_o effect_n it_o be_v also_o passive_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o form_n but_o both_o together_o cowork_n to_o make_v the_o effect_n though_o forma_fw-la be_v principium_fw-la motus_fw-la in_o the_o thing_n by_o the_o matter_n now_o this_o be_v the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v inquire_v after_o we_o see_v who_o make_v it_o then_o whereof_o it_o be_v make_v both_o which_o we_o see_v in_o every_o thing_n and_o see_v they_o as_o they_o be_v do_v now_o the_o common_a logician_n bring_v in_o distinction_n of_o materia_fw-la as_o kickerman_n say_v it_o be_v proxima_fw-la or_o remota_fw-la but_o he_o may_v say_v so_o of_o every_o argument_n as_o well_o as_o of_o materia_fw-la he_o say_v man_n be_v make_v of_o the_o first_o matter_n then_o of_o the_o element_n which_o be_v more_o remote_a but_o ex_fw-la semine_fw-la that_o be_v near_o alas_o we_o do_v not_o here_o consider_v priority_n or_o posteriority_n neither_o do_v these_o any_o more_o press_v the_o effect_n here_o be_v no_o logic_n still_o but_o materia_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la ex_fw-la qua_fw-la ergo_fw-la this_o will_n not_o fall_v in_o logic_n and_o if_o you_o mark_v it_o present_o when_o he_o come_v to_o materia_fw-la prima_fw-la and_o to_o the_o element_n he_o be_v in_o natural_a philosophy_n ergo_fw-la here_o be_v no_o distinction_n of_o materia_fw-la in_o logic_n but_o of_o the_o particular_a thing_n that_o belong_v to_o a_o particular_a art_n hoc_fw-la argumento_fw-la ficto_fw-la apud_fw-la ovid._n 2._o metam_fw-la solis_fw-la domus_fw-la auro_fw-la pyropo_fw-la ebore_fw-la argento_fw-la componitur_fw-la regius_fw-la solis_fw-la erat_fw-la sublimibus_fw-la alta_fw-la columnis_fw-la clara_n micante_fw-la auro_fw-la flammasque_fw-la imitante_fw-la pyropo_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o ramus_n bring_v a_o example_n out_o of_o ovid_n which_o be_v a_o common_a school_n book_n and_o here_o a_o feign_a cause_n argue_v a_o feign_a effect_n ens_fw-la and_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la be_v the_o subject_n of_o logic_n but_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la gratia_fw-la entis_fw-la for_o so_o logic_n look_v at_o they_o first_o and_z gives_z entity_n to_o ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la and_o therefore_o grammar_n and_o rhetoric_n must_v follow_v it_o for_o they_o be_v attendant_n on_o it_o the_o regius_fw-la solis_fw-la be_v here_o distribute_v into_o his_o part_n and_o they_o be_v argue_v by_o their_o matter_n it_o have_v his_o pillar_n of_o gold_n for_o their_o matter_n and_o pyropus_fw-la another_o matter_n of_o the_o column_n the_o cover_n or_o seel_v of_o ivory_n the_o leaf_n of_o the_o door_n make_v of_o silver_n observe_v how_o these_o causae_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la in_o the_o matter_n do_v not_o force_v the_o effect_n any_o thing_n at_o all_o ergo_fw-la he_o do_v not_o teach_v they_o here_o for_o whether_o they_o be_v make_v of_o one_o matter_n or_o of_o more_o matter_n all_o be_v one_o ergo_fw-la there_o be_v no_o logic_n in_o that_o ergo_fw-la it_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o logic_n caesar_n 1_o belli_fw-la civilis_fw-la imperat_fw-la militibus_fw-la caesar_n ut_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o milites_fw-la be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o ship_n then_o he_o distribute_v the_o ship_n into_o his_o part_n keel_n rib_n carinae_fw-la primum_fw-la and_o statumina_fw-la ex_fw-la levi_fw-la materia_fw-la the_o rest_n be_v viminibus_fw-la contextum_fw-la line_v within_o with_o leather_n so_o that_o here_o be_v distributio_fw-la integri_fw-la in_o membra_fw-la and_o every_o part_n be_v argue_v by_o the_o material_a cause_n chap._n vii_o causae_fw-la primum_fw-la genus_fw-la est_fw-la inefficiente_a &_o materia_fw-la secundum_fw-la sequitur_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v of_o the_o efficient_a and_o of_o the_o matter_n and_o this_o be_v the_o conclusion_n of_o it_o now_o we_o come_v to_o the_o second_o which_o be_v in_o forma_fw-la &_o fine_a so_o that_o while_o he_o say_v causae_fw-la primum_fw-la genus_fw-la ejusmodi_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o tell_v i_o it_o be_v a_o distribution_n before_o where_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v subsistent_a in_o speciebus_fw-la efficientis_fw-la &_o materiae_fw-la for_o so_o genus_fw-la be_v totum_fw-la partibus_fw-la essentiale_fw-la and_o be_v never_o but_o in_o speciebus_fw-la so_o that_o the_o genus_fw-la of_o they_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o they_o two_o part_n secundum_fw-la sequitur_fw-la in_o forma_fw-la &_o fine_a he_o do_v not_o say_v secundus_fw-la est_fw-la forma_fw-la &_o fine_a now_o as_o the_o efficient_a and_o matter_n be_v combine_v together_o as_o move_v together_o a_o while_n without_o the_o form_n and_o end_n so_o the_o form_n and_o end_n though_o the_o form_n be_v before_o yet_o the_o end_n come_v present_o after_o and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o pedissequa_fw-la to_o the_o form_n and_o indeed_o where_o we_o can_v find_v the_o form_n of_o a_o thing_n we_o put_v the_o end_n as_o be_v next_o to_o it_o and_o best_a express_v it_o so_o bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la the_o end_n of_o logic_n be_v put_v for_o the_o form_n of_o logic_n now_o as_o this_o distinction_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o cause_n be_v see_v in_o great_a matter_n so_o be_v it_o also_o in_o less_o for_o there_o be_v a_o co-operation_n of_o the_o efficient_a and_o end_n together_o first_o then_o of_o the_o form_n and_o end_v together_o also_o though_o not_o without_o the_o efficient_a and_o matter_n in_o forma_fw-la &_o fine_a for_o the_o form_n be_v before_o the_o final_a cause_n for_o before_o the_o form_n be_v induce_v or_o ingenerate_v in_o the_o matter_n it_o can_v be_v good_a for_o his_o end_n and_o the_o end_n be_v causa_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o the_o effect_n not_o of_o the_o efficient_a so_o we_o say_v a_o coat_n have_v a_o form_n before_o it_o have_v a_o end_n for_o it_o may_v be_v a_o coat_n and_o yet_o not_o fit_a to_o serve_v i_o now_o then_o as_o the_o efficient_a begin_v the_o motion_n and_o the_o motion_n redound_v out_o of_o the_o matter_n so_o it_o run_v per_fw-la formam_fw-la &_o finem_fw-la forma_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o same_o that_o forma_fw-la be_v in_o latin_a there_o be_v but_o a_o transposition_n of_o the_o letter_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d proper_o signify_v the_o face_n and_o fas_fw-la and_o facies_fw-la in_o latin_a come_v of_o facere_fw-la because_o when_o it_o be_v make_v it_o have_v the_o face_n of_o a_o thing_n so_o a_o thing_n when_o it_o have_v its_o form_n it_o have_v a_o face_n it_o will_v seem_v something_o so_o that_o the_o efficient_n esse_fw-la be_v not_o facies_fw-la rei_fw-la nor_o the_o matter_n esse_fw-la for_o they_o may_v be_v otherwhere_o ergo_fw-la the_o efficient_a and_o matter_n be_v common_a cause_n this_o be_v a_o particular_a one_o which_o be_v one_o reason_n why_o the_o efficient_a and_o matter_n go_v before_o be_v more_o general_a so_o that_o when_o once_o he_o have_v the_o face_n of_o a_o man_n then_o be_v he_o a_o man_n this_o word_n forma_fw-la both_o in_o latin_a and_o greek_a be_v take_v abusive_a for_o the_o outward_a figure_n of_o a_o thing_n it_o be_v a_o metonimy_n of_o the_o subject_n for_o the_o adjunct_n for_o figuration_n be_v not_o forma_fw-la as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o water_n put_v in_o a_o round_a glass_n or_o in_o a_o square_a glass_n the_o same_o water_n have_v the_o same_o form_n will_v have_v a_o round_a figure_n or_o square_a figure_n according_a to_o the_o glass_n wherein_o it_o be_v now_o because_o the_o figure_n be_v adjoin_v to_o the_o form_n ergo_fw-la they_o say_v it_o be_v forma_fw-la and_o in_o school_n they_o call_v it_o forma_fw-la accidentalis_fw-la now_o the_o figure_n follow_v the_o form_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o essential_a but_o it_o may_v be_v change_v and_o yet_o the_o water_n be_v the_o same_o because_o the_o water_n be_v variable_a into_o divers_a 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thing_n
you_o shall_v see_v a_o compose_a form_n so_o that_o the_o logician_n do_v not_o look_v at_o the_o outward_a face_n of_o a_o thing_n but_o at_o the_o inward_a essence_n here_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o deliver_v the_o form_n by_o many_o other_o argument_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v a_o description_n of_o forma_fw-la est_fw-la in_o secessu_fw-la longo_fw-la locus_fw-la ensula_fw-la portum_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o he_o have_v by_o the_o position_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o haven_n tell_v we_o the_o form_n of_o it_o chap._n viii_o de_fw-fr fine_a finis_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la cujus_fw-la gratia_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la we_o have_v go_v through_o the_o esse_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n we_o have_v but_o hear_v of_o three_o when_o the_o four_o come_v that_o make_v up_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o thing_n namely_o finis_fw-la finis_fw-la for_o the_o name_n it_o be_v borrow_v from_o geometry_n for_o that_o that_o be_v terminus_fw-la there_o be_v here_o call_v finis_fw-la and_o it_o be_v bring_v hither_o to_o signify_v that_o final_a cause_n that_o serve_v to_o make_v up_o the_o effect_n so_o that_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o we_o keep_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o esses_fw-la but_o it_o be_v not_o the_o last_o part_n and_o member_n thereof_o as_o they_o make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o last_o member_n of_o some_o whole_a as_o method_n be_v the_o last_o member_n of_o logic_n finis_fw-la be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o esse_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n not_o of_o the_o member_n of_o it_o now_o it_o be_v call_v finis_fw-la because_o it_o limit_n the_o thing_n for_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o for_o his_o essence_n and_o it_o be_v the_o last_o thing_n that_o limit_n it_o ergo_fw-la it_o be_v call_v finis_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la because_o with_o force_n thereof_o the_o thing_n be_v and_o the_o end_n though_o it_o do_v not_o enter_v into_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o effect_n by_o it_o own_o essence_n yet_o by_o it_o virtue_n it_o do_v efficere_fw-la as_o do_v the_o efficient_a cujus_fw-la gratia_fw-la therefore_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v that_o that_o grace_v the_o effect_n and_o thence_o have_v the_o thing_n his_o commendation_n cujus_fw-la gratia_fw-la for_o who_o grace_n for_o gratia_fw-la here_o signify_v not_o only_o for_o who_o sake_n but_o for_o who_o grace_n as_o if_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v that_o which_o do_v grace_v the_o effect_n and_o so_o indeed_o it_o do_v for_o as_o bonum_fw-la quo_fw-la communius_fw-la eo_fw-la melius_fw-la so_o communior_fw-la finis_fw-la have_v more_o grace_n than_o finis_fw-la specialioâ—_n for_o that_o cause_n that_o which_o be_v next_o the_o chief_a end_n be_v more_o noble_a and_o excellent_a then_o that_o which_o be_v more_o remote_a hence_o man_n be_v more_o excellent_a than_o any_o other_o creature_n because_o he_o be_v make_v immediate_o for_o god_n so_o then_o the_o end_n grace_v it_o evermore_o and_o the_o more_o excellent_a the_o end_n be_v the_o more_o excellent_a be_v that_o effect_n this_o then_o be_v the_o esse_fw-la that_o the_o final_a cause_n do_v give_v to_o the_o effect_n namely_o that_o which_o be_v good_a for_o that_o effect_n so_o that_o the_o goodness_n of_o a_o thing_n be_v that_o vis_fw-la in_o the_o effect_n that_o it_o have_v from_o the_o end_n as_o in_o a_o knife_n the_o efficient_a may_v be_v a_o slave_n the_o matter_n likewise_o naught_o the_o form_n though_o that_o be_v something_o yet_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o end_n neither_o the_o efficient_a matter_n or_o form_n will_v move_v ergo_fw-la the_o final_a cause_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o happiness_n of_o the_o thing_n so_o that_o a_o thing_n be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v happy_a till_o it_o be_v serviceable_a to_o that_o end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v a_o garment_n well_o make_v as_o touch_v the_o skill_n of_o the_o efficient_a and_o of_o good_a stuff_n for_o the_o matter_n and_o fit_a for_o a_o garment_n and_o so_o of_o a_o good_a form_n yet_o not_o fit_v he_o for_o who_o it_o be_v make_v it_o want_v his_o end_n or_o happiness_n and_o so_o be_v not_o perfect_a again_o this_o show_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o formal_a cause_n and_o the_o end_n for_o the_o form_n may_v be_v as_o we_o see_v and_o not_o the_o end_n again_o we_o know_v there_o be_v many_o thing_n that_o have_v not_o their_o perfection_n but_o by_o growth_n and_o yet_o have_v all_o the_o cause_n yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o end_n present_o follow_v after_o the_o form_n so_o man_n be_v make_v by_o god_n here_o god_n be_v the_o efficient_a earth_n the_o matter_n reason_n the_o form_n yet_o here_o be_v not_o his_o end_n namely_o fitness_n to_o serve_v god_n and_o thus_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o cause_n which_o be_v the_o foundation_n whereon_o the_o effect_n be_v build_v physicis_fw-la rebus_fw-la finis_fw-la homo_fw-la propositas_fw-la est_fw-la homini_fw-la deus_fw-la of_o natural_a thing_n man_n be_v the_o end_n the_o grace_n of_o man_n be_v god_n and_o god_n make_v he_o good_a not_o as_o a_o efficient_a but_o as_o a_o end_n omnium_fw-la artium_fw-la est_fw-la aliquod_fw-la summom_n bonum_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la extremus_fw-la that_o be_v that_o end_n which_o they_o reach_v unto_o but_o that_o be_v not_o the_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la of_o all_o thing_n for_o logick_n end_n be_v be_v disserere_fw-la grammar_n bene_fw-la loqui_fw-la etc._n etc._n these_o be_v the_o further_a end_n of_o logic_n and_o grammar_n but_o not_o the_o further_a end_n of_o all_o they_o be_v indeed_o the_o proper_a end_n of_o they_o but_o not_o the_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la so_o that_o he_o mean_v by_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la the_o outmost_a or_o far_a end_n of_o they_o and_o the_o end_n of_o logic_n lie_v in_o the_o precept_n of_o it_o as_o they_o act_n bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la this_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o end_n and_o the_o effect_n a_o house_n be_v make_v to_o dwell_v in_o though_o it_o never_o be_v dwell_v in_o so_o for_o a_o garment_n to_o be_v wear_v be_v one_o thing_n and_o to_o be_v fit_a to_o wear_v another_o so_o if_o i_o go_v forth_o to_o speak_v with_o one_o and_o he_o be_v go_v yet_o i_o obtain_v my_o end_n they_o common_o say_v he_o be_v frustrate_v of_o his_o end_n but_o not_o frustrate_v of_o finis_fw-la quatenus_fw-la finis_fw-la but_o quatenus_fw-la effectum_fw-la juno_n primo_fw-la aeneidos_fw-la connubii_fw-la finem_fw-la assumit_n cum_fw-la aeolo_fw-la deiopeiam_fw-la pollicetur_fw-la solatii_fw-la scilicet_fw-la prolisque_fw-la gratia_fw-la sunt_fw-la mihi_fw-la his_fw-la septem_fw-la praestanti_fw-la corpore_fw-la nymphae_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o juno_n persuade_v aeolus_n to_o let_v his_o wind_n out_o and_o she_o will_v give_v he_o one_o of_o her_o nymph_n which_o she_o press_v upon_o he_o by_o final_a cause_n first_o that_o she_o may_v spend_v all_o her_o year_n with_o he_o and_o second_o that_o she_o may_v make_v he_o the_o father_n of_o a_o fair_a offspring_n in_o defension_n ligarii_fw-la cicero_n tuberonem_fw-la accusatorem_fw-la urget_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la certe_fw-la ait_fw-la contra_fw-la ipsum_fw-la caesarem_fw-la est_fw-la congressus_fw-la armatus_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v tubero_n thou_o have_v thy_o sword_n draw_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o pharsalio_n thou_o do_v strike_v his_o side_n mark_v the_o variety_n of_o the_o phrase_n and_o so_o of_o the_o end_n what_o mean_v thy_o sword_n what_o be_v thy_o mind_n here_o be_v the_o propositum_fw-la what_o mean_v thou_o to_o have_v do_v even_o to_o have_v kill_v caesar_n so_o that_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v not_o accidental_a to_o the_o thing_n but_o even_o substantial_a and_o therefore_o we_o have_v it_o so_o often_o in_o the_o definition_n of_o art_n use_v for_o the_o form_n and_o that_o for_o this_o reason_n because_o it_o be_v the_o next_o argument_n to_o it_o and_o presuppose_v the_o form_n so_o that_o this_o be_v the_o use_n of_o the_o final_a cause_n in_o the_o definition_n of_o arts._n as_o dialectica_fw-la est_fw-la ars_fw-la bene_fw-la disserendi_fw-la here_o bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la be_v the_o end_n and_o it_o be_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v dialectica_fw-la have_v such_o a_o soul_n as_o that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o perform_v and_o execute_v this_o or_o that_o thing_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o end_n of_o all_o art_n i_o but_o what_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o general_n why_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o effect_n of_o all_o art_n answ_n but_o as_o every_o thing_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o end_n of_o it_o ergo_fw-la if_o a_o man_n will_v do_v any_o logicum_fw-la opus_fw-la he_o must_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o thus_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o doctrine_n
away_o the_o entity_n of_o the_o thing_n affirm_v uni_fw-la but_o we_o shall_v hear_v afterward_o that_o contraria_fw-la negantia_fw-la be_v nothing_o in_o themselves_o answ_n they_o be_v something_o gratia_fw-la entis_fw-la and_o our_o reason_n give_v something_o to_o it_o and_o apprehend_v it_o as_o some_o thing_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o contrary_a and_o here_o we_o may_v see_v the_o force_n of_o our_o reason_n that_o can_v make_v of_o nothing_o something_o now_o something_o be_v make_v of_o nothing_o divers_a way_n first_o by_o our_o reason_n second_o by_o our_o fancy_n or_o by_o the_o hallusination_n of_o the_o eye_n logic_n make_v only_o two_o kind_n of_o nothing_o the_o contradicent_fw-la and_o the_o privant_fw-la homo_fw-la be_v a_o contrary_a to_o brutum_fw-la but_o to_o leo_n and_o equus_fw-la he_o be_v a_o disparate_a because_o 〈◊〉_d be_v oppose_v to_o equus_fw-la in_o the_o same_o nature_n that_o he_o be_v oppose_v to_o leo._n contraria_fw-la sunt_fw-la affirmantia_fw-la vel_fw-la negantia_fw-la this_o distribution_n of_o contrary_n run_v on_o as_o the_o former_a do_v for_o as_o the_o least_o dissension_n begin_v first_o so_o we_o still_o proceed_v to_o the_o great_a now_o by_o affirmantia_fw-la and_o negantia_fw-la he_o mean_v thing_n positive_a or_o privative_a for_o there_o be_v either_o a_o thing_n oppose_v to_o a_o thing_n or_o a_o thing_n oppose_v to_o nothing_o and_o the_o fight_n between_o something_o and_o nothing_o be_v strong_a than_o the_o former_a for_o when_o one_o thing_n fight_v with_o another_o thing_n then_o let_v they_o fight_v as_o long_o as_o they_o will_v or_o can_v yet_o they_o leave_v something_o behind_o they_o but_o the_o other_o leave_v nothing_o at_o all_o so_o that_o contrary_n be_v where_o both_o be_v thing_n in_o nature_n or_o where_o the_o one_o be_v nothing_o and_o be_v call_v negantia_fw-la of_o the_o late_a part_n as_o the_o other_o be_v call_v of_o both_o part_n affirmantio_fw-la affirmantia_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v they_o be_v thing_n in_o nature_n or_o thing_n positive_a as_o a_o father_n a_o child_n etc._n etc._n affirmantia_n quorum_fw-la utrumque_fw-la affirmat_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o do_v not_o say_v affirmatur_fw-la but_o affirmat_fw-la because_o he_o will_v willing_o describe_v they_o from_o their_o act_n for_o he_o will_v deliver_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o argument_n ut_fw-la relata_fw-la &_o adversa_fw-la there_o be_v likewise_o among_o these_o a_o difference_n of_o contrariety_n for_o there_o be_v some_o affirmantia_fw-la that_o may_v be_v reconcile_v and_o â—â—â—e_a to_o agree_v there_o be_v some_o also_o that_o will_v 〈…〉_o â—gree_v but_o perpetuo_fw-la adversantur_fw-la the_o 〈◊〉_d if_o you_o set_v they_o face_n to_o face_n will_v be_v 〈…〉_o â—_z but_o set_v they_o back_o to_o back_n and_z 〈…〉_o be_v foe_n but_o set_v they_o adversa_fw-la how_o you_o 〈◊〉_d and_o they_o will_v be_v foe_n so_o than_o relate_v have_v not_o so_o strong_a a_o fight_n betwixt_o they_o as_o 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have_v a_o wife_n or_o a_o wife_n to_o be_v she_o that_o have_v a_o husband_n these_o be_v definition_n e_fw-la relatis_fw-la and_o so_o e_fw-la causis_fw-la but_o what_o cause_n do_v relate_v contain_v all_o the_o cause_n both_o efficient_a matter_n form_n and_o end_n e_o mutua_fw-la e_fw-la be_v a_o sign_n of_o the_o effect_n quod_fw-la e_fw-la causis_fw-la existit_fw-la so_o that_o this_o be_v their_o nature_n atque_fw-la inde_fw-la nominande_fw-la sunt_fw-la relata_fw-la they_o be_v call_v relate_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o reference_n they_o have_v one_o to_o another_o so_o that_o we_o may_v here_o see_v what_o relate_v be_v and_o how_o they_o belong_v hither_o they_o that_o think_v all_o argument_n be_v relate_v why_o they_o be_v so_o as_o the_o cause_n and_o effect_n etc._n etc._n but_o so_o i_o can_v call_v they_o species_n of_o argumentum_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la for_o here_o they_o be_v example_n ergo_fw-la low_a of_o all_o again_o if_o i_o say_v argumentum_fw-la est_fw-la artificiale_a aut_fw-la inartificiale_a and_o so_o go_v on_o think_v that_o all_o these_o be_v genera_fw-la to_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la i_o deceive_v myself_o as_o they_o be_v relate_v but_o if_o all_o argument_n shall_v be_v relate_v as_o the_o argument_n be_v teach_v in_o logic_n than_o all_o the_o example_n of_o all_o argument_n shall_v be_v relate_v as_o god_n and_o the_o world_n but_o when_o i_o make_v they_o relate_v i_o analyse_v logic_n even_o as_o i_o make_v the_o definition_n of_o dialectica_fw-la a_o example_n of_o definitio_fw-la so_o that_o as_o i_o say_v if_o relation_n be_v a_o common_a affection_n to_o all_o argument_n all_o example_n also_o shall_v be_v relate_v which_o they_o be_v not_o again_o if_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la be_v relate_v than_o they_o must_v be_v together_o for_o relate_v must_v be_v simul_fw-la natura_fw-la ergo_fw-la this_o be_v fallacia_fw-la accidentis_fw-la they_o think_v the_o word_n of_o art_n as_o they_o call_v they_o be_v 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their_o dissentio_fw-la also_o shall_v be_v teach_v there_o or_o else_o they_o shall_v make_v a_o double_a doctrine_n of_o one_o thing_n and_o this_o kind_n of_o teach_v have_v be_v a_o posteriore_fw-la again_o where_o shall_v they_o have_v be_v teach_v they_o be_v mutual_a cause_n ergo_fw-la not_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la but_o both_o cause_n and_o effect_n again_o the_o doctrine_n of_o causa_fw-la efficiens_fw-la materia_fw-la forma_fw-la and_o finis_fw-la be_v distinct_a here_o they_o be_v confound_v together_o in_o one_o now_o the_o aristotelian_o have_v a_o predicament_n of_o relate_v and_o have_v also_o their_o series_n but_o their_o gradus_fw-la of_o they_o will_v not_o stand_v for_o relate_v have_v no_o species_n but_o be_v low_a save_o only_a example_n and_o they_o go_v clean_o out_o and_o say_v relate_v be_v of_o this_o nature_n or_o that_o nature_n as_o if_o they_o shall_v say_v relate_v who_o species_n be_v in_o this_o art_n or_o in_o that_o art_n as_o in_o oeconomie_n in_o a_o family_n they_o be_v free_a or_o bind_v free_a
etc._n etc._n that_o be_v when_o special_a cause_n may_v be_v give_v to_o one_o common_a effect_n for_o as_o integrum_fw-la though_o it_o be_v singular_a yet_o be_v it_o totum_fw-la because_o it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o portion_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o the_o member_n so_o here_o the_o effect_n be_v make_v of_o their_o genus_fw-la now_o he_o say_v distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la because_o it_o arise_v ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la for_o there_o be_v the_o cause_n distribute_v and_o the_o part_n distribute_v so_o that_o here_o we_o may_v see_v why_o these_o argument_n be_v right_o call_v orta_fw-la quando_fw-la part_n sunt_fw-la effecta_fw-la so_o as_o the_o whole_a do_v symbolice_n contain_v the_o cause_n so_o the_o part_n do_v symbolice_n contain_v the_o effect_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v effecta_fw-la we_o hear_v of_o in_o the_o first_o invention_n but_o effecta_fw-la here_o sunt_fw-la part_n this_o be_v the_o second_o invention_n god_n as_o he_o make_v all_o thing_n so_o have_v he_o range_v and_o order_v they_o one_o under_o another_o so_o that_o in_o this_o definition_n this_o be_v all_o the_o part_n be_v the_o effect_n and_o the_o cause_n be_v the_o whole_a mariner_n be_v general_a cause_n but_o they_o have_v special_a effect_n for_o some_o climb_v the_o shroud_n some_o run_v up_o and_o down_o some_o pump_n etc._n etc._n here_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n so_o we_o may_v distribute_v from_o the_o matter_n as_o of_o wood_n be_v make_v a_o wooden_a chest_n or_o table_n or_o stool_n etc._n etc._n so_o from_o the_o form_n as_o we_o may_v from_o the_o genus_fw-la but_o this_o always_o consider_v in_o general_a that_o the_o part_n be_v part_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o that_o they_o be_v homogenie_n part_n for_o if_o we_o shall_v divide_v a_o whole_a into_o part_n and_o particle_n there_o will_v be_v no_o distribution_n as_o if_o a_o man_n body_n be_v anatomize_v because_o the_o particle_n will_v agree_v with_o the_o part_n distributio_fw-la generis_fw-la in_o species_n hic_fw-la excellit_fw-la he_o do_v here_o hasten_v to_o genus_fw-la as_o be_v the_o principal_a thing_n in_o this_o place_n and_o it_o be_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v that_o distribution_n which_o we_o usual_o hear_v of_o and_o which_o we_o have_v so_o often_o in_o school_n of_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n they_o be_v but_o modi_fw-la of_o a_o distribution_n ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la and_o it_o be_v true_a and_o whilst_o the_o common_a logician_n see_v not_o this_o they_o know_v not_o the_o truth_n of_o they_o nor_o their_o original_a and_o this_o make_v they_o to_o begin_v with_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n in_o their_o logic_n so_o they_o know_v they_o not_o in_o their_o cause_n but_o only_o in_o their_o second_o nature_n hic_fw-la excellit_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v this_o be_v the_o chief_a modus_fw-la in_o this_o distribution_n genus_fw-la genus_fw-la signify_v first_o a_o stock_n or_o kindred_n now_o because_o all_o the_o species_n come_v from_o one_o root_n as_o a_o family_n come_v from_o one_o stock_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v call_v genus_fw-la or_o as_o the_o parent_n be_v cause_n of_o their_o child_n so_o be_v genus_fw-la cause_n of_o the_o species_n so_o the_o hiraclide_n be_v they_o that_o come_v of_o hiracles_fw-mi species_n this_o signify_v in_o the_o original_a the_o countenance_n of_o a_o thing_n nâ—w_o we_o come_v to_o see_v nothing_o but_o singular_n ergo_fw-la individua_fw-la and_o species_n infimae_fw-la be_v proper_o species_n it_o come_v of_o a_o old_a verb_n specio_fw-la or_o spicio_fw-la species_n it_o be_v that_o which_o be_v look_v on_o excellit_fw-la that_o be_v of_o principal_a use_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n thereof_o the_o lord_n have_v range_v all_o thing_n under_o his_o own_o general_n but_o this_o kind_n of_o range_v be_v more_o general_a than_o the_o rest_n and_o the_o genus_fw-la give_v essence_n to_o the_o species_n it_o draw_v the_o species_n with_o it_o wheresoever_o it_o go_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o wheresoever_o the_o genus_fw-la of_o any_o thing_n be_v teach_v there_o a_o so_o must_v the_o species_n be_v teach_v and_o this_o be_v the_o father_n of_o predicament_n so_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o be_v under_o a_o genus_fw-la but_o genus_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la genus_fw-la est_fw-la totum_fw-la partibus_fw-la essentiale_fw-la totum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la continet_fw-la part_n for_o the_o part_n we_o hear_v be_v hold_v together_o in_o the_o whole_a for_o before_o whilst_o the_o member_n do_v contribute_v every_o one_o a_o portion_n of_o matter_n and_o form_n they_o make_v up_o the_o whole_a now_o genus_fw-la be_v totum_fw-la but_o contrary_a to_o integrum_fw-la for_o there_o the_o integrum_fw-la have_v his_o whole_a matter_n and_o form_n from_o the_o member_n but_o the_o genus_fw-la comprehend_v the_o species_n in_o a_o common_a matter_n and_o in_o a_o common_a form_n totum_fw-la essentiale_fw-la by_o this_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o which_o give_v essence_n that_o be_v matter_n and_o form_n so_o that_o integrum_fw-la do_v contain_v all_o that_o the_o member_n have_v but_o the_o genus_fw-la do_v not_o contain_v all_o that_o the_o species_n have_v so_o that_o though_o all_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v in_o the_o species_n yet_o the_o whole_a essence_n of_o the_o species_n be_v not_o in_o the_o genus_fw-la when_o i_o say_v totum_fw-la essentiale_fw-la i_o say_v two_o thing_n first_o that_o genus_fw-la be_v a_o totum_fw-la second_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o genus_fw-la but_o be_v also_o in_o the_o species_n object_n but_o how_o can_v it_o be_v say_v that_o genus_fw-la give_v essence_n to_o the_o species_n whereas_o they_o have_v more_o in_o they_o than_o the_o genus_fw-la answ_n to_o contain_v be_v to_o hold_v together_o now_o because_o the_o species_n agree_v in_o one_o common_a matter_n and_o a_o common_a form_n as_o in_o uno_fw-la puncto_fw-la ergo_fw-la 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punctum_fw-la wherein_o the_o part_n meet_v together_o he_o say_v also_o partibus_fw-la non_fw-la parti_fw-la species_n est_fw-la pars_fw-la generis_fw-la pars_fw-la we_o hear_v before_o generis_fw-la so_o that_o as_o membrum_fw-la be_v pars_fw-la integri_fw-la not_o generis_fw-la so_o species_n est_fw-la pars_fw-la generis_fw-la not_o integri_fw-la so_o that_o they_o which_o divide_v part_n into_o integral_n or_o simular_a understand_v not_o logic_n for_o a_o part_n simular_a be_v nothing_o but_o species_n which_o be_v pars_fw-la generis_fw-la as_o a_o pan_n of_o water_n &_o a_o drop_n of_o water_n be_v genus_fw-la &_o species_n a_o bone_n and_o a_o part_n of_o a_o bone_n be_v also_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n now_o they_o call_v it_o simular_a because_o they_o have_v the_o same_o denomination_n why_o so_o genus_fw-la do_v predicare_fw-la re_fw-la et_fw-la nomine_fw-la as_o they_o say_v pars_fw-la generis_fw-la here_o observe_v that_o species_n have_v reference_n only_o to_o genus_fw-la and_o so_o genus_fw-la to_o species_n even_o as_o causa_fw-la be_v effecti_fw-la causa_fw-la and_o subjectum_fw-la adjuncti_fw-la subjectum_fw-la for_o they_o be_v relate_v ergo_fw-la can_v repeat_v no_o other_o thing_n but_o one_o another_o so_o again_o genus_fw-la be_v totum_fw-la not_o speciei_fw-la but_o specierum_fw-la ergo_fw-la when_o we_o give_v a_o double_a face_n to_o he_o we_o make_v he_o like_o janus_n with_o a_o double_a forehead_n for_o they_o make_v the_o same_o species_n to_o be_v species_n to_o two_o thing_n species_n therefore_o be_v generis_fw-la species_n as_o one_o son_n be_v but_o son_n of_o one_o father_n now_o this_o be_v their_o trouble_n that_o they_o can_v distribute_v a_o species_n into_o individua_fw-la because_o say_v they_o individua_fw-la do_v but_o differre_fw-la numero_fw-la what_o be_v that_o defer_fw-la numero_fw-la be_v proper_o to_o reckon_v up_o or_o make_v a_o induction_n of_o the_o individua_fw-la to_o make_v up_o the_o species_n again_o when_o we_o distribute_v that_o species_n into_o all_o his_o individua_fw-la there_o be_v a_o distribution_n for_o there_o be_v a_o totum_fw-la and_o
part_n distribute_v objection_n but_o in_o a_o distribution_n we_o shall_v have_v but_o two_o species_n answer_n why_o be_v it_o not_o requisite_a that_o there_o shall_v always_o be_v a_o decotomie_n for_o indeed_o if_o we_o can_v find_v it_o out_o every_o thing_n be_v decotomise_v but_o the_o lord_n have_v not_o reveal_v it_o unto_o man_n but_o have_v keep_v it_o secret_a to_o himself_o objection_n singular_n have_v no_o difference_n but_o be_v distinct_a only_o by_o a_o conflux_n of_o common_a accident_n answer_n then_o singular_n shall_v not_o differ_v in_o essence_n ergo_fw-la i_o shall_v be_v the_o same_o with_o you_o and_o you_o with_o i_o the_o first_o matter_n indeed_o be_v imperfect_a but_o every_o thing_n else_o be_v a_o effect_n ergo_fw-la have_v all_o the_o cause_n ergo_fw-la the_o form_n if_o they_o ask_v i_o what_o it_o be_v i_o answer_v they_o that_o my_o soul_n be_v my_o form_n as_o they_o hold_v or_o else_o thus_o as_o my_o member_n be_v not_o another_o man_n member_n 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bring_v in_o a_o perfect_a definition_n for_o if_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v more_o remote_a than_o the_o form_n of_o the_o next_o genus_fw-la must_v be_v leave_v out_o but_o if_o we_o take_v the_o next_o genus_fw-la than_o we_o bring_v in_o all_o above_o it_o et_fw-la forma_fw-la comprehenduntur_fw-la that_o be_v the_o special_a form_n the_o reason_n in_o nature_n be_v this_o we_o find_v that_o the_o totum_fw-la be_v not_o subsistent_a but_o in_o singularibus_fw-la now_o we_o find_v moreover_o that_o singular_n have_v that_o whereby_o they_o be_v singular_n beside_o for_o else_o one_o singular_a can_v not_o be_v destinct_n from_o another_o ergo_fw-la every_o singular_a must_v have_v his_o peculiar_a form_n and_o also_o his_o matter_n not_o as_o it_o be_v a_o first_o argument_n but_o as_o it_o be_v symbolice_n in_o genere_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o aenimali_fw-la &_o pars_fw-la formae_fw-la he_o mean_v of_o the_o general_a form_n for_o anima_fw-la vegetativa_fw-la and_o sensitiva_fw-la be_v the_o form_n of_o vivens_fw-la and_o so_o of_o animal_n totam_fw-la formam_fw-la hominis_fw-la as_o if_o the_o form_n of_o man_n do_v consist_v of_o these_o as_o of_o part_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o the_o truth_n be_v this_o there_o be_v in_o some_o thing_n a_o simple_a life_n in_o some_o thing_n more_o life_n as_o anima_fw-la vegetativa_fw-la be_v first_o in_o planta_fw-la now_o animal_n have_v that_o and_o somewhat_o more_o namely_o sensitiva_fw-la and_o man_n have_v both_o they_o and_o also_o reason_n so_o that_o one_o of_o the_o species_n have_v nothing_o but_o that_o which_o the_o genus_fw-la have_v namely_o vivens_fw-la and_o planta_fw-la for_o planta_fw-la be_v vivens_fw-la quae_fw-la vivit_fw-la vitam_fw-la tantum_fw-la vegetativam_fw-la and_o so_o be_v vivens_fw-la only_o tantum_fw-la make_v the_o difference_n from_o other_o now_o from_o this_o discourse_n he_o gather_v that_o a_o definition_n be_v universale_fw-la symbolum_fw-la not_o that_o singular_n can_v be_v perfect_o define_v as_o well_o as_o universals_z but_o he_o mean_v it_o be_v a_o symbolum_fw-la contain_v universal_o the_o cause_n constitute_v the_o essence_n so_o that_o the_o individuum_fw-la have_v
the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o every_o genus_fw-la above_o he_o ergo_fw-la it_o be_v universale_fw-la in_o this_o respect_n have_v his_o peculiar_a form_n add_v to_o they_o naturam_fw-la here_o we_o may_v see_v what_o nature_n be_v in_o thing_n proper_o some_o make_v the_o form_n only_o to_o be_v nature_n some_o the_o matter_n only_o and_o some_o both_o form_n and_o matter_n here_o we_o see_v the_o essence_n and_o nature_n be_v all_o one_o in_o the_o first_o signification_n natura_fw-la signify_v res_fw-la nata_fw-la second_o it_o signify_v res_fw-la underes_fw-la nata_fw-la est_fw-la that_o be_v the_o cause_n so_o that_o here_o know_v that_o the_o cause_n be_v put_v all_o thing_n attend_v they_o follow_v for_o so_o natura_fw-la be_v take_v for_o the_o property_n of_o a_o thing_n e_z qui_fw-fr that_fw-mi formam_fw-la that_fw-mi formam_fw-la consequentiam_fw-la so_o that_o a_o perfect_a definition_n do_v deliver_v whatsoever_o come_v within_o the_o mame_n of_o nature_n tale_n definitiones_fw-la sunt_fw-la artium_fw-la no_o not_o tale_n if_o we_o shall_v exact_o try_v they_o by_o this_o rule_n but_o they_o be_v the_o best_a example_n now_o arse_n be_v not_o the_o next_o genus_fw-la to_o grammar_n neither_o be_v be_v loqui_fw-la the_o form_n but_o the_o end_n of_o grammar_n but_o he_o tell_v we_o hereby_o that_o there_o be_v a_o soul_n of_o grammar_n which_o be_v in_o every_o rule_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o simular_a part_n of_o the_o art_n tend_v to_o this_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d bene_fw-la loqui_fw-la chap._n xxxi_o de_fw-fr descriptiono_fw-la descriptio_fw-la est_fw-la definitio_fw-la ex_fw-la alliis_fw-la etiam_fw-la argumentis_fw-la rem_fw-la definiens_fw-la this_o we_o hear_v to_o be_v general_o call_v definitio_fw-la so_o that_o it_o do_v quodam_fw-la modo_fw-la definire_fw-la but_o as_o definitio_fw-la in_o general_a before_o be_v a_o trope_n so_o descriptio_fw-la be_v not_o a_o definition_n but_o as_o it_o do_v explicate_v quid_fw-la res_fw-la sit_fw-la not_o definiendo_fw-la from_o the_o essence_n but_o describendo_fw-la from_o the_o quantity_n so_o that_o the_o definitio_fw-la lay_v out_o the_o flesh_n bone_n etc._n etc._n and_o descriptio_fw-la lay_v out_o the_o compliment_n the_o definition_n be_v internal_a the_o description_n be_v but_o external_a limit_v the_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v with_o chalk_n the_o description_n may_v be_v compare_v to_o the_o carpenter_n chalk_v the_o definition_n to_o the_o thing_n chalk_v and_o by_o how_o much_o the_o thing_n itself_o lay_v out_o the_o quiddity_n of_o it_o better_o than_o the_o chalk_n do_v by_o so_o much_o be_v a_o perfect_a definition_n more_o excellent_a than_o a_o description_n so_o that_o here_o remember_v that_o howbeit_o a_o description_n can_v see_v the_o argument_n lay_v out_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o thing_n yet_o the_o intendment_n of_o it_o be_v to_o do_v it_o est_fw-la definitio_fw-la that_o be_v rem_fw-la definiens_fw-la that_o be_v quidditatem_fw-la rei_fw-la explicans_fw-la exit_fw-la aliis_fw-la etiam_fw-la argumentis_fw-la that_o be_v other_o beside_o the_o causis_fw-la so_o that_o a_o description_n must_v have_v a_o genus_fw-la with_o it_o if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o genus_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la that_o have_v no_o genus_fw-la again_o he_o say_v ex_fw-la aliis_fw-la not_o tell_v we_o which_o because_o any_o of_o the_o argument_n a_o forego_n may_v go_v into_o it_o even_o a_o distribution_n yea_o a_o testimonony_n also_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o descrption_n of_o fama_fw-la so_o that_o it_o may_v arise_v from_o in_o artificial_o yet_o must_v it_o not_o be_v teach_v after_o they_o because_o artificial_o must_v have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o inartificial_o atque_fw-la haec_fw-la succincta_fw-la brevitas_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la specie_fw-la perpetua_fw-la sed_fw-la saepe_fw-la illustriorem_fw-la &_o magnificentiorem_fw-la explicationem_fw-la desiderat_fw-la our_o author_n do_v commorari_fw-la upon_o the_o use_n of_o a_o description_n show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o always_o so_o brief_a as_o before_o but_o sometime_o we_o shall_v lay_v it_o out_o in_o all_o the_o simples_n in_o the_o thing_n sed_fw-la saepè_fw-la illustriorem_fw-la &_o magnificentiorem_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v when_o we_o deliver_v thing_n that_o be_v magis_fw-la illustriora_fw-la et_fw-la magnificentiora_fw-la it_o be_v requisite_a we_o shall_v lay_v they_o out_o more_o at_o large_a than_o those_o that_o be_v of_o less_o moment_n sic_fw-la gloria_fw-la describitur_fw-la in_o miloniaena_fw-la sed_fw-la tamen_fw-la ex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la praemiis_fw-la virtutis_fw-la si_fw-la esset_fw-la habenda_fw-la ratio_fw-la praemiorum_fw-la amplissimum_fw-la esse_fw-la praemium_fw-la gloriam_fw-la etc._n etc._n glory_n be_v argue_v from_o his_o genus_fw-la praemium_fw-la praemium_fw-la from_o his_o subject_n virtus_fw-la then_o à _fw-la comparatis_fw-la amplissimum_fw-la last_o ab_fw-la effectis_fw-la sic_fw-la 4._o aeneid_n fama_fw-la discribitur_fw-la extemplo_fw-la libyae_n magnas_fw-la ut_fw-la fama_fw-la per_fw-la urbes_fw-la fama_fw-la malum_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la aliud_fw-la velocius_fw-la ullum_fw-la etc._n etc._n fama_fw-la be_v the_o aliquid_fw-la argue_v by_o her_o effect_n of_o go_v than_o the_o subject_n of_o place_n urbes_fw-la and_o magnas_fw-la a_o adjunct_n to_o urbes_fw-la urbes_fw-la libya_n the_o integrum_fw-la extemplo_fw-la a_o adjunct_n of_o time_n malum_fw-la a_o genus_fw-la and_o malum_fw-la be_v argue_v by_o a_o adjunct_n swiftness_n à _fw-la minore_fw-la monstrum_fw-la another_o genus_fw-la horrendum_fw-la a_o adjunct_n mirabile_fw-la dictu_fw-la a_o testimony_n nec_fw-la dulci_fw-la declinat_fw-la somno_fw-la a_o disparate_a tale_n sunt_fw-la descriptiones_fw-la plantarum_fw-la animalium_fw-la in_o physicis_fw-la item_n fluminum_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v when_o we_o lie_v out_o their_o whole_a quiddity_n at_o large_a and_o thus_o have_v we_o see_v all_o the_o artificial_a argument_n that_o be_v in_o any_o thing_n and_o so_o have_v see_v the_o thing_n both_o within_o and_o without_o last_o we_o shall_v hear_v that_o have_v see_v all_o in_o a_o thing_n that_o we_o have_v hear_v before_o then_o may_v we_o safe_o give_v testimony_n of_o it_o as_o we_o see_v occasion_n and_o not_o before_o chap._n xxxii_o de_fw-fr testimonio_fw-la divino_fw-la exposito_fw-la artificiali_fw-la argumento_fw-la sequitur_fw-la inartificiale_a argumentum_fw-la inartificiale_a est_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la suae_fw-la natura_fw-la sed_fw-la assumpta_fw-la artificialis_fw-la alicujus_fw-la argumenti_fw-la vi_fw-la arguit_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v of_o artificial_a argument_n and_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o that_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o artificio_fw-la of_o any_o thing_n but_o we_o have_v hear_v it_o so_o that_o if_o we_o look_v at_o any_o of_o the_o creature_n of_o god_n to_o see_v the_o root_n the_o cause_n of_o it_o and_o then_o the_o whole_a circumference_n and_o limitation_n thereof_o we_o may_v by_o these_o argument_n teach_v before_o see_v it_o thorough_o now_o whereas_o one_o man_n can_v see_v all_o thing_n though_o at_o the_o first_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v for_o one_o man_n the_o lord_n have_v in_o wisdom_n ordain_v that_o we_o shall_v receive_v something_n by_o report_n from_o other_o for_o as_o the_o world_n be_v to_o increase_v both_o in_o man_n and_o other_o creature_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o one_o man_n shall_v see_v all_o thing_n intus_fw-la &_o incute_fw-la so_o that_o whereas_o at_o the_o beginning_n all_o thing_n be_v make_v for_o one_o man_n and_o he_o afterward_o can_v not_o see_v they_o yet_o still_o it_o be_v so_o far_o forth_o true_a while_o all_o man_n see_v all_o thing_n it_o be_v call_v inartificiale_a for_o the_o contrary_a reason_n that_o artificiale_a be_v so_o call_v namely_o of_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n whereas_o this_o be_v not_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n but_o externè_fw-la altogether_o so_o that_o we_o may_v see_v his_o force_n by_o this_o have_v no_o far_a to_o do_v with_o the_o thing_n then_o only_o by_o witness_v of_o it_o exposito_fw-la artificiali_fw-la argumento_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o transition_n contain_v the_o conclusion_n of_o all_o that_o go_v before_o and_o the_o proposition_n of_o that_o which_o follow_v and_o here_o again_o we_o may_v see_v how_o artificial_a argument_n go_v before_o inartificial_o because_o inartificiall_a argument_n have_v no_o ground_n but_o as_o they_o be_v back_v with_o artificial_o and_o this_o doctrine_n we_o may_v see_v to_o be_v true_a by_o the_o practice_n of_o common_a people_n for_o if_o a_o man_n give_v testimony_n of_o that_o he_o know_v not_o other_o will_v say_v he_o do_v he_o know_v not_o what_o for_o as_o no_o man_n can_v give_v testimony_n of_o that_o he_o know_v not_o so_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o receive_v a_o testimony_n but_o as_o it_o be_v back_v with_o artificial_o otherwise_o he_o know_v not_o the_o thing_n sufficient_o as_o he_o shall_v and_o if_o he_o first_o hear_v a_o testimony_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o afterward_o come_v to_o see_v the_o thing_n he_o will_v then_o say_v he_o know_v it_o not_o because_o one_o testify_v so_o much_o but_o because_o himself_o see_v it_o to_o be_v so_o it_o
be_v one_o then_o in_o the_o rule_n of_o aâ—ts_n for_o as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v only_o belong_v to_o rule_n of_o art_n so_o method_n be_v almost_o and_o principal_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n though_o their_o order_n mâ—y_v be_v in_o many_o other_o thing_n quibus_fw-la quamvis_fw-la omnes_fw-la regulae_fw-la generales_fw-la sint_fw-la &_o universales_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n all_o be_v universals_z not_o that_o there_o may_v not_o be_v proper_a axiom_n in_o a_o art_n but_o he_o mean_v such_o as_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d otherwise_o if_o he_o shall_v not_o mean_v thus_o this_o generality_n will_v be_v only_o true_a of_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o general_a art_n not_o of_o the_o special_a art_n but_o though_o all_o be_v general_a carum_fw-la tamen_fw-la gradus_fw-la distinguntur_fw-la as_o they_o be_v compare_v one_o with_o another_o as_o the_o definition_n of_o logic_n be_v before_o the_o distribution_n be_v more_o general_a than_o it_o and_o so_o the_o distribution_n be_v more_o general_a than_o the_o next_o and_o so_o for_o the_o rest_n again_o the_o most_o general_a rule_n in_o disposition_n be_v more_o special_a than_o the_o last_o rule_n of_o invention_n because_o invention_n use_n be_v more_o general_a than_o judgement_n though_o the_o rule_n of_o disposition_n may_v contain_v more_o in_o it_o than_o the_o rule_n of_o invention_n contain_v in_o it_o quantoque_fw-la unaquâ—que_fw-la genelarior_fw-la erit_fw-la tanto_fw-la magis_fw-la praecedet_fw-la that_o be_v as_o it_o be_v pro_fw-la naturae_fw-la suae_fw-la claritate_fw-la praeponendum_fw-la so_o must_v it_o be_v place_v generalissima_fw-la loco_fw-la &_o ordine_fw-la prima_fw-la erit_fw-la quia_fw-la lumine_fw-la &_o notitia_fw-la prima_fw-la est_fw-la this_o be_v the_o course_n of_o nature_n to_o proceed_v from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o low_a for_o so_o we_o must_v place_v thing_n the_o reason_n follow_v now_o indeed_o ramus_n himself_o take_v no_o great_a pain_n about_o art_n in_o general_n and_o therefore_o imagine_v that_o every_o definition_n in_o art_n be_v absolute_o first_o whereas_o in_o very_a truth_n none_o of_o they_o be_v absolute_o first_o but_o only_o that_o rule_n of_o encyclopaedia_fw-la subalternae_fw-la consequentiae_fw-la sequentur_fw-la quia_fw-la claritate_fw-la sunt_fw-la proximae_fw-la atque_fw-la ex_fw-la his_fw-la natura_fw-la notiores_fw-la preponentur_fw-la minus_fw-la notae_fw-la substituentur_fw-la tandemque_fw-la specialissimae_fw-la constituentur_fw-la among_o subaltern_n some_o be_v more_o general_a and_o some_o be_v more_o special_a ramus_n here_o speak_v allegorical_o allude_v to_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n subalternae_fw-la and_o specialissimae_fw-la in_o invention_n and_o here_o special_a rule_n be_v all_o one_o with_o other_o in_o themselves_o though_o not_o in_o comparison_n with_o they_o definitio_fw-la itaque_fw-la generalissima_fw-la prima_fw-la erit_fw-la ramus_n mean_v the_o definitio_fw-la and_o the_o definitum_fw-la not_o dâ—finitio_fw-la the_o argument_n now_o this_o must_v be_v first_o why_o one_o will_v think_v it_o shall_v rather_o be_v last_o because_o a_o perfect_a definition_n intend_v to_o lay_v down_o the_o whole_a essence_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o before_o a_o man_n can_v know_v a_o piece_n of_o a_o thing_n he_o must_v know_v it_o in_o the_o whole_a as_o it_o be_v comprise_v in_o a_o brief_a from_o the_o near_a cause_n thereof_o distributio_fw-la sequitur_fw-la quae_fw-la si_fw-la multiplex_fw-la fuerit_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o so_o we_o hear_v that_o a_o definition_n be_v manifold_a integri_fw-la in_o membra_fw-la generis_fw-la in_o species_n etc._n etc._n because_o as_o the_o definition_n lay_v out_o the_o whole_a in_o one_o lump_n at_o once_o from_o the_o cause_n which_o be_v the_o utmost_a thing_n so_o in_o a_o distribution_n there_o be_v the_o whole_a but_o lay_v out_o distributive_o in_o his_o part_n so_o that_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n of_o they_o and_o the_o follow_a rule_n do_v prosecute_v every_o part_n according_a to_o their_o place_n praecedit_fw-la in_o part_n integras_fw-la partitio_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v because_o the_o membra_fw-la make_v up_o the_o whole_a and_o be_v cause_n thereof_o as_o the_o definition_n be_v of_o the_o thing_n define_v again_o the_o distributio_fw-la of_o generis_fw-la in_o species_n be_v from_o the_o effect_n and_o they_o be_v after_o the_o cause_n ergo_fw-la distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la causis_fw-la must_v go_v before_o they_o again_o a_o distribution_n of_o the_o integrum_fw-la into_o the_o member_n in_o a_o art_n be_v common_a to_o a_o distribution_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la into_o the_o species_n as_o for_o example_n in_o grammar_n vox_fw-la be_v divide_v as_o integrum_fw-la into_o litera_fw-la and_o syllaba_fw-la and_o both_o letter_n and_o syllable_n be_v general_a to_o vox_fw-la numeri_fw-la and_o sine_fw-la numero_fw-la which_o be_v the_o species_n of_o vox_fw-la sequitur_fw-la divisio_fw-la in_o species_n etc._n etc._n but_o if_o there_o be_v a_o distribution_n of_o the_o subject_n into_o the_o adjunct_n they_o must_v go_v before_o distributio_fw-la generis_fw-la in_o species_n as_o affirmatum_fw-la and_o negatum_fw-la axioma_fw-la must_v go_v before_o simplex_fw-la and_o compositum_fw-la because_o the_o adjunct_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o a_o axiom_n in_o general_n again_o if_o we_o set_v a_o distribution_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la into_o the_o species_n before_o a_o distribution_n ex_fw-la adjunctis_fw-la we_o must_v handle_v the_o species_n distinct_o ergo_fw-la there_o will_v be_v no_o room_n for_o distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la adjunctis_fw-la to_o come_v in_o but_o we_o must_v know_v that_o we_o seldom_o have_v these_o distribution_n of_o the_o same_o art_n for_o where_o there_o be_v distributio_fw-la integri_fw-la in_o membra_fw-la there_o be_v seldom_o distributio_fw-la generis_fw-la in_o species_n though_o there_o may_v be_v either_o of_o these_o and_o likewise_o a_o distribution_n ex_fw-la adjunctis_fw-la et_fw-la transitionum_fw-la vinculis_fw-la si_fw-la longior_fw-la inter_fw-la eas_fw-la intersit_fw-la explicatio_fw-la colligandae_fw-la sunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o give_v we_o here_o a_o note_n by_o the_o way_n that_o if_o the_o distribution_n go_v long_o before_o that_o then_o we_o shall_v use_v a_o transition_n from_o one_o part_n to_o another_o so_o that_o here_o we_o see_v the_o use_n of_o a_o transition_n and_o that_o it_o belong_v to_o method_n and_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o bridge_n to_o go_v from_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o and_o it_o serve_v auditorem_fw-la reficere_fw-la ac_fw-la recreare_fw-la omnes_fw-la definitiones_fw-la distributiones_fw-la regulae_fw-la grammaticae_fw-la repertae_fw-la sint_fw-la atque_fw-la unaquaeque_fw-la sigillatim_fw-la judicata_fw-la etc._n etc._n ramus_n suppose_v every_o rule_n of_o art_n already_o invent_v and_o judge_v how_o shall_v we_o dispose_v they_o not_o by_o any_o rule_v before_o but_o only_o by_o method_n which_o be_v behind_o for_o we_o speak_v of_o order_n as_o first_o the_o definition_n of_o grammar_n than_o the_o distribution_n because_o part_n simul_fw-la sumpta_fw-la be_v equivolent_a to_o the_o whole_a and_o let_v a_o art_n be_v lay_v down_o thus_o and_o we_o shall_v see_v every_o thing_n plain_o and_o evident_o chap._n xix_o de_fw-fr secunda_fw-la methodi_fw-la illustratione_fw-la per_fw-la exempla_fw-la poetarum_fw-la oratorum_fw-la historicorum_fw-la atqui_fw-la methodus_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la in_o materia_fw-la artium_fw-la &_o doctrinarum_fw-la adhibetur_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la rebus_fw-la quas_fw-la facile_fw-la &_o perspicue_n doc_fw-fr ere_o volumus_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o aristotle_n say_v in_o the_o first_o of_o his_o ethick_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n so_o every_o thing_n may_v orderly_o be_v lay_v down_o quas_fw-la facile_fw-la etc._n etc._n therefore_o poet_n orator_n etc._n etc._n observe_v this_o rule_n howbeit_o they_o do_v not_o usque_fw-la quaque_fw-la ingredi_fw-la and_o insistere_fw-la as_o art_n require_v virgilius_n in_o georgicus_n etc._n etc._n hactenus_fw-la avorum_fw-la cultus_fw-la &_o sidera_fw-la coeli_fw-la nunc_fw-la te_fw-la bacche_fw-it canam_fw-la poetry_n be_v a_o general_a art_n ergo_fw-la a_o poet_n be_v a_o general_a author_n therefore_o ramus_n bring_v example_n out_o of_o poetry_n to_o show_v this_o general_a art_n of_o logic_n virgil_n for_o example_n handle_v georgic_n that_o be_v husbandry_n and_o divide_v it_o into_o four_o part_n in_o his_o first_o book_n he_o handle_v that_o which_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o husbandry_n but_o his_o distribution_n be_v not_o so_o good_a as_o it_o shall_v be_v if_o it_o be_v a_o art_n for_o virgil_n do_v as_o kickerman_n use_v to_o do_v namely_o divide_v it_o into_o its_o common_a property_n and_o into_o its_o special_a property_n common_a as_o astrologia_n meteorologia_fw-la than_o he_o come_v by_o a_o transition_n to_o tree_n then_o by_o a_o more_o imperfect_a transition_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr bobus_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o a_o transition_n be_v perfect_a or_o imperfect_a a_o perfect_a one_o consist_v of_o a_o
though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o tongue_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n till_o the_o destruction_n of_o babel_n yet_o in_o god_n decree_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v eternal_a and_o so_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o speech_n and_o they_o be_v in_o the_o eternal_a notion_n of_o god_n again_o their_o word_n do_v vary_v continual_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o eternal_a for_o if_o one_o that_o die_v 500_o year_n ago_o be_v now_o alive_a and_o shall_v speak_v we_o can_v not_o understand_v he_o answ_n though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o word_n by_o reason_n of_o many_o sound_n do_v daily_o change_v yet_o the_o rule_n be_v eternal_a though_o they_o be_v not_o speak_v from_o eternal_a yet_o the_o variety_n of_o speech_n do_v not_o change_v the_o rule_n of_o grammar_n as_o in_o reason_n this_o axiom_n homo_fw-la est_fw-la animal_n be_v true_a before_o homo_fw-la be_v and_o will_v be_v for_o ever_o so_o in_o grammar_n be_v the_o rule_n eternal_a as_o likewise_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o generation_n and_o corruption_n eternal_a and_o ever_o true_a and_o the_o same_o though_o man_n daily_o be_v generate_v and_o corrupt_v so_o be_v grammar_n rule_v external_a though_o etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v because_o god_n will_v show_v his_o mighty_a power_n and_o wisdom_n that_o there_o be_v as_o many_o several_a grammar_n as_o there_o be_v several_a age_n and_o more_o too_o and_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o wonderful_a under_o heaven_n then_o to_o consider_v the_o great_a variety_n oâ—â—â—ands_n and_o colour_n and_o complexion_n of_o thing_n which_o all_o be_v from_o their_o contrary_a form_n ars._n in_o latin_a some_o think_v the_o word_n come_v from_o artus_fw-la a_o sâ—new_n other_o of_o arx_fw-la a_o tower_n ab_fw-la arcendo_fw-la and_o both_o wâ—ll_n well_o agree_v to_o our_o purpose_n for_o artus_fw-la a_o sinew_n we_o know_v the_o strength_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o have_v sinew_n liâ—th_o in_o they_o yet_o they_o be_v strong_a than_o the_o bone_n for_o the_o bone_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o hardness_n will_v break_v whereas_o sinew_n will_v rather_o give_v back_o and_o bend_v and_o be_v more_o tough_a so_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n be_v most_o strong_a anâ—_n sinewy_a if_o we_o derive_v the_o word_n from_o arx_fw-la a_o tower_n it_o my_o be_v very_o well_o so_o for_o as_o there_o be_v both_o great_a strength_n and_o much_o beauty_n both_o in_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n so_o the_o rule_n of_o grammar_n be_v most_o strong_a and_o make_v a_o most_o sweet_a harmony_n generalis_fw-la because_o though_o it_o be_v not_o everywhere_o as_o logic_n be_v yet_o it_o may_v be_v now_o logic_n be_v everywhere_o because_o every_o thing_n be_v make_v for_o man_n therefore_o he_o must_v have_v a_o eye_n to_o see_v every_o thing_n for_o otherwise_o he_o can_v not_o use_v they_o aright_o but_o grammar_n because_o when_o i_o see_v a_o thing_n by_o logic_n i_o may_v keep_v it_o to_o myself_o therefore_o it_o be_v general_a only_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d secundùm_fw-la quid_fw-la therefore_o it_o be_v teach_v after_o logic_n again_o wheresoever_o there_o be_v grammar_n there_o be_v also_o logic_n where_o there_o be_v logic_n there_o be_v not_o always_o grammar_n for_o logic_n may_v be_v only_o in_o ment_fw-la therefore_o it_o be_v more_o general_a orationis_fw-la this_o general_a art_n of_o speech_n be_v twofold_a both_o grammar_n and_o rhetoric_n but_o the_o difference_n be_v this_o that_o grammar_n carry_v the_o matter_n in_o a_o budget_n neither_o too_o big_a nor_o too_o little_a like_o one_o of_o these_o irishman_n with_o breeches_n without_o pocket_n rhetorica_n carry_v it_o in_o a_o fine_a bag_n full_a of_o lace_n yet_o not_o altogether_o full_a for_o there_o be_v more_o word_n than_o matter_n therefore_o both_o grammar_n rhetoric_n and_o poetry_n be_v all_o equal_o general_a for_o subject_n but_o not_o for_o use_v for_o grammar_n use_n be_v before_o the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o may_v be_v without_o they_o even_o as_o a_o garment_n may_v be_v without_o a_o lace_n or_o jag_n but_o here_o by_o the_o way_n because_o these_o be_v general_a art_n therefore_o they_o have_v no_o proper_a subject_n but_o their_o use_n may_v be_v everywhere_o and_o therefore_o keckerman_n whilst_o he_o make_v rhetoric_n a_o special_a art_n tell_v i_o he_o never_o know_v the_o right_a distribution_n of_o the_o art_n for_o it_o be_v the_o art_n of_o speech_n and_o that_o may_v be_v everywhere_o therefore_o rhetoric_n be_v general_a and_o may_v be_v use_v in_o any_o thing_n therefore_o trope_n upon_o due_a consideration_n may_v be_v use_v in_o any_o art_n now_o if_o it_o be_v demand_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o use_v grammar_n or_o rhetoric_n in_o teach_v of_o child_n i_o answ_n grammar_n be_v better_a 1._o because_o it_o be_v more_o general_a than_o rhetoric_n 2._o because_o it_o keep_v we_o more_o close_o to_o the_o matter_n which_o be_v a_o very_a good_a thing_n in_o teach_v yet_o not_o withstand_v sometime_o rhetoric_n be_v better_a because_o it_o deliver_v the_o proper_a word_n together_o with_o some_o sweetness_n for_o trope_n do_v arise_v from_o some_o argument_n in_o logic_n so_o that_o we_o can_v condemn_v rhetoric_n neither_o be_v it_o possible_a we_o shall_v always_o use_v grammar_n see_v there_o be_v many_o more_o thing_n then_o proper_a name_n for_o god_n make_v all_o thing_n and_o man_n be_v to_o name_v they_o and_o have_v not_o name_n sufficient_a for_o they_o therefore_o for_o want_v of_o word_n give_v the_o same_o name_n to_o divers_a thing_n by_o trope_n and_o therefore_o talaeus_n say_v necessitas_fw-la tropum_fw-la genuit_fw-la yet_o at_o the_o beginning_n one_o thing_n have_v but_o one_o name_n but_o afterward_o the_o same_o word_n come_v to_o signify_v many_o thing_n as_o we_o see_v in_o hebrew_n where_o one_o word_n signify_v twenty_o thing_n and_o but_o one_o proper_o and_o grammatical_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n tropical_o and_o i_o find_v that_o word_n be_v use_v improper_o these_o way_n first_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o trope_n second_o when_o we_o deliver_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o divers_a language_n there_o they_o use_v divers_a phrase_n which_o must_v be_v compare_v together_o as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v good_a in_o greek_a in_o latin_a it_o be_v to_o make_v child_n which_o be_v not_o usual_a now_o if_o you_o will_v know_v whether_o be_v better_a bring_v they_o to_o logic_n and_o there_o see_v which_o phrase_n be_v more_o special_a that_o be_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o make_v it_o general_a to_o the_o efficient_a cause_n in_o general_n to_o beget_v or_o procreate_v child_n be_v proper_a to_o the_o first_o modus_fw-la of_o the_o efficient_a therefore_o it_o be_v the_o better_a phrase_n so_o vaccas_fw-la agere_fw-la in_o english_a be_v to_o drive_v kine_n though_o they_o say_v in_o some_o part_n do_v the_o kine_n into_o the_o field_n and_o there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o trope_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o phrase_n therefore_o one_o that_o teach_v young_a scholar_n must_v have_v a_o special_a care_n that_o first_o his_o scholar_n knwo_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o then_o the_o name_n of_o it_o which_o stand_v by_o this_o rule_n uâ—x_fw-la est_fw-la nota_fw-la quâ_fw-la unumquodque_fw-la voco_fw-la and_o by_o this_o mean_v we_o shall_v teach_v they_o first_o what_o every_o word_n signify_v in_o propriety_n and_o then_o the_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v name_v in_o other_o tongue_n and_o then_o the_o phrase_n and_o then_o compare_v one_o phrase_n with_o another_o and_o thus_o by_o the_o way_n we_o shall_v estimate_v which_o phrase_n in_o every_o language_n stand_v with_o best_a reason_n as_o that_o of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o english_a to_o beget_v child_n where_o to_o beget_v be_v peculiar_a to_o nature_n and_o belong_v to_o those_o thing_n which_o have_v only_o a_o vegetative_a life_n and_o therefore_o our_o english_a phrase_n be_v better_a so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v to_o put_v to_o the_o hand_n and_o in_o latin_a be_v agree_v to_o put_v to_o the_o foot_n or_o to_o go_v to_o which_o be_v more_o general_a therefore_o the_o greek_a phrase_n be_v better_a so_o in_o english_a we_o say_v to_o go_v to_o and_o to_o go_v in_o hand_n with_o which_o phrase_n neither_o the_o greek_n nor_o the_o latin_n have_v it_o be_v a_o metaphor_n fetch_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o hand_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a organ_n of_o motion_n &_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o shall_v say_v put_v our_o hand_n to_o &_o this_o be_v more_o special_a so_o that_o bring_v they_o to_o logic_n and_o â—here_o you_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o judge_v which_o phrase_n in_o every_o language_n be_v best_a and_o so_o consequent_o which_o tongue_n be_v best_a and_o this_o way_n i_o can_v prove_v our_o english_a
the_o place_n where_o the_o speech_n be_v speak_v for_o in_o nature_n there_o be_v great_a variety_n of_o speech_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o heat_n and_o cold_a in_o man_n which_o be_v according_a to_o the_o place_n wherein_o they_o be_v hence_o many_o consonant_n in_o dutch_a and_o our_o english_a tongue_n so_o thar_z variety_n of_o sound_n be_v not_o always_o from_o the_o party_n name_v but_o the_o party_n name_v and_o he_o that_o have_v more_o heat_n intentional_o be_v more_o apt_a to_o pronounce_v hence_o englishmen_n be_v almost_o to_o learn_v any_o tongue_n id_fw-la autem_fw-la latinis_fw-la latin_a here_o be_v a_o commoration_n where_o he_o come_v into_o the_o latin_a grammar_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v in_o latin_a after_o the_o latin_a manner_n for_o there_o be_v not_o so_o many_o grammar_n as_o there_o be_v kind_n of_o speech_n but_o it_o be_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v grammar_n be_v either_o the_o latin_a greek_a or_o hebrew_n grammar_n which_o be_v a_o distribution_n of_o the_o adjunct_n into_o the_o subject_n for_o as_o there_o be_v but_o one_o greek_a grammar_n yet_o many_o dialect_n so_o the_o several_a grammar_n be_v but_o so_o many_o several_a dialect_n or_o idiom_n of_o the_o general_a grammar_n part_n grammaticae_fw-la qua_fw-la sunt_fw-la etymologia_fw-la &_o syntaxis_fw-la here_o be_v a_o copulative_a axiom_n and_o the_o argument_n be_v grammatica_fw-la the_o integrum_fw-la and_o etymologia_fw-la and_o syntaxis_fw-la the_o membra_fw-la which_o be_v yoke_v together_o there_o be_v two_o part_n of_o grammar_n first_o because_o two_o of_o logic_n for_o if_o grammar_n be_v the_o carrier_n of_o logic_n betwixtman_n than_o it_o must_v be_v answerable_a to_o logic_n to_o carry_v the_o simples_n and_o composit_a for_o otherwise_o we_o shall_v not_o carry_v well_o again_o second_o speech_n be_v a_o garment_n to_o clothe_v our_o reason_n and_o as_o we_o will_v think_v a_o tailor_n a_o fool_n that_o shall_v make_v a_o garment_n with_o one_o sleeve_n for_o he_o that_o have_v two_o arm_n so_o for_o grammar_n if_o we_o shall_v make_v it_o with_o one_o sleeve_n to_o cover_v logic_n that_o have_v two_o arm_n et_fw-la contra_fw-la as_o we_o count_v that_o tailor_n a_o idiot_n that_o make_v many_o sleeve_n for_o he_o that_o have_v but_o two_o arm_n so_o for_o he_o that_o make_v many_o part_n of_o grammar_n to_o clothe_v logic_n that_o have_v but_o two_o part_n though_o now_o a_o day_n i_o know_v not_o how_o many_o sleeve_n and_o hangbys_a they_o make_v for_o orthography_n and_o prosody_n they_o be_v not_o part_v of_o grammar_n but_o common_a adjunct_n and_o run_v through_o whole_a grammar_n as_o blood_n through_o the_o whole_a body_n etymologia_fw-la come_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d verus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sermo_fw-la i._n e._n veriloqutio_fw-la and_o in_o very_a deed_n according_a to_o the_o notation_n it_o belong_v rather_o to_o logic_n than_o to_o grammar_n for_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o notatio_fw-la and_o so_o the_o grammarian_n use_v to_o give_v example_n as_o lepus_fw-la from_o the_o adjunct_n quafi_n levipe_n but_o the_o grammarian_n it_o be_v before_o use_v in_o logic_n bring_v it_o into_o grammar_n and_o so_o use_n have_v receive_v it_o even_o as_o some_o will_v have_v dialectica_fw-la to_o come_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d colloquor_fw-la and_o so_o belong_v to_o grammar_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o distribution_n be_v for_o that_o every_o speech_n consist_v of_o word_n for_o that_o as_o syntax_n answer_v to_o judgement_n so_o etymology_n to_o invention_n the_o occasion_n of_o it_o be_v this_o in_o ancient_a time_n when_o grammar_n be_v first_o invent_v in_o greece_n it_o be_v only_o observe_v in_o letter_n and_o syllable_n the_o next_o observation_n among_o the_o greek_n be_v to_o look_v at_o the_o notation_n and_o reason_n of_o word_n and_o so_o come_v to_o call_v that_o part_n of_o grammar_n etymology_n and_o afterward_o the_o grecian_n find_v out_o the_o whole_a art_n of_o grammar_n before_o any_o other_o nation_n syntaxis_fw-la come_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d consuo_fw-la or_o construo_fw-la because_o in_o the_o beginning_n they_o lay_v the_o word_n together_o according_a to_o the_o matter_n so_o they_o do_v in_o greek_a and_o hebrew_n till_o the_o orator_n take_v that_o liberty_n to_o they_o to_o change_v and_o because_o as_o logic_n lay_v thing_n together_o so_o do_v syntax_n utter_v they_o if_o grammar_n be_v right_a it_o must_v tie_v nothing_o together_o but_o that_o which_o logic_n do_v tie_v hence_o be_v logic_n before_o grammar_n in_o genesi_fw-la but_o grammar_n before_o logic_n in_o analysi_fw-la so_o be_v grammar_n before_o rhetoric_n in_o genesi_fw-la but_o rhetoric_n before_o grammar_n in_o analysi_fw-la hence_o do_v we_o remove_v the_o rhetoric_n to_o see_v the_o grammar_n and_o logic_n in_o analysi_fw-la etym_fw-mi logia_fw-la est_fw-la prima_fw-la pars_fw-la grammaticae_fw-la quae_fw-la vocum_fw-la singularum_fw-la proprietates_fw-la interpretatur_fw-la this_o definition_n be_v not_o so_o good_a as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v est_fw-fr de_fw-fr voce_fw-mi or_o praecipit_fw-la de_fw-fr voce_fw-mi though_o praecipere_fw-la be_v too_o large_a for_o it_o be_v in_o art_n and_o etymology_n do_v interpretari_fw-la not_o only_o the_o property_n of_o word_n but_o also_o letter_n and_o fyllable_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o word_n est_fw-la prima_fw-la pars_fw-la here_o prima_fw-la and_o pars_fw-la be_v logical_a term_n therefore_o not_o genus_fw-la to_o etymologia_fw-la the_o word_n interpretari_fw-la belong_v to_o analysis_n and_o be_v all_o one_o with_o it_o etymologia_fw-la ergo_fw-la est_fw-la prima_fw-la pars_fw-la grammaticae_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-la voce_fw-mi here_o be_v a_o definition_n ab_fw-la integro_fw-la &_o subjecto_fw-la etymologia_fw-la est_fw-la if_o there_o be_v vox_fw-la then_o there_o be_v etymologia_fw-la but_o there_o be_v vox_fw-la ergo._n prima_fw-la pars_fw-la for_o there_o be_v a_o simple_a consideration_n of_o a_o thing_n therefore_o there_o must_v be_v a_o simple_a consideration_n of_o the_o name_n of_o a_o thing_n whereof_o etymoligia_fw-la must_v give_v precept_n it_o be_v prima_fw-la because_o i_o must_v consider_v a_o word_n first_o simple_o in_o its_o own_o nature_n before_o i_o join_v he_o with_o another_o de_fw-fr voce_fw-mi so_o that_o the_o subject_n of_o etymology_n be_v vox_fw-la oratio_fw-la and_o sermo_fw-la belong_v proper_o to_o syntax_n as_o argumentum_fw-la of_o invention_n and_o grammar_n go_v no_o far_a than_o vox_fw-la so_o that_o all_o we_o shall_v hear_v of_o in_o this_o part_n of_o grammar_n be_v of_o a_o word_n alone_o hence_o not_o the_o thing_n chest_n but_o the_o name_n chest_n be_v a_o noun_n for_o the_o three_o general_a art_n all_o take_v their_o notion_n from_o ens_fw-la and_o yet_o ens_fw-la itself_o may_v belong_v to_o physics_n logic_n take_v notion_n of_o it_o as_o it_o have_v cause_n effect_n subject_n and_o adjunct_n grammar_n as_o it_o do_v notify_v it_o by_o its_o name_n to_o another_o physic_n as_o it_o consist_v of_o principle_n and_o for_o that_o distinction_n of_o vox_fw-la to_o be_v primae_fw-la or_o secundae_fw-la intentionis_fw-la it_o be_v a_o toy_n as_o animael_o say_v they_o be_v primae_fw-la intentionis_fw-la genus_fw-la secundae_fw-la but_o i_o will_v ask_v they_o be_v animal_n &_o genus_fw-la the_o same_o thing_n no_o for_o they_o belong_v to_o divers_a art_n and_o genus_fw-la in_o his_o own_o art_n be_v as_o well_o primae_fw-la intentionis_fw-la as_o animal_n be_v and_o it_o be_v a_o mere_a fallacia_fw-la accidentis_fw-la de_fw-fr voce_fw-mi simplici_fw-la not_o the_o vocibus_fw-la and_o for_o one_o word_n to_o be_v lay_v to_o another_o word_n be_v but_o accidental_a to_o it_o so_o that_o syntax_n do_v not_o handle_v vox_fw-la he_o say_v vox_fw-la not_o dictio_fw-la though_o sometime_o they_o be_v the_o same_o yet_o it_o be_v dictio_fw-la as_o rhetoric_n take_v the_o notion_n of_o it_o and_o here_o we_o may_v note_v two_o thing_n namely_o that_o first_o when_o we_o look_v at_o or_o consider_v a_o thing_n grammatical_o we_o first_o give_v it_o a_o vox_fw-la that_o be_v a_o name_n for_o that_o be_v the_o most_o simple_a consideration_n of_o a_o thing_n second_o it_o be_v not_o only_a vox_fw-la which_o be_v speak_v but_o which_o be_v write_v also_o vox_fw-la est_fw-la nota_fw-la quâ_fw-la unumquâ—dque_fw-la voco_fw-la some_o call_v it_o dictio_fw-la some_o vocabulum_fw-la but_o vox_fw-la be_v best_o because_o it_o name_v the_o thing_n from_o his_o special_a use_n à _fw-la vocando_fw-la nota._n here_o nota_fw-la be_v not_o general_a to_o vox_fw-la for_o nota_fw-la be_v a_o logical_a term_n and_o belong_v to_o adjunct_n so_o that_o this_o definition_n be_v from_o the_o subject_n and_o the_o conjugate_v and_o he_o mean_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v vox_fw-la be_v that_o whereby_o notice_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v give_v we_o it_o be_v nota_fw-la here_o he_o do_v not_o consider_v vox_fw-la as_o it_o be_v a_o
quality_n in_o man_n proceed_v from_o such_o cause_n but_o as_o it_o do_v notify_v the_o thing_n whereof_o it_o be_v vox_fw-la so_o our_o eye_n of_o reason_n as_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o man_n and_o faculty_n of_o the_o soul_n belong_v to_o physics_n as_o vox_fw-la do_v but_o as_o it_o do_v act_n for_o that_o eupraxie_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v so_o it_o belong_v to_o logic_n in_o that_o he_o call_v it_o nota_fw-la we_o see_v it_o be_v another_o thing_n than_o the_o thing_n itself_o whereof_o it_o be_v a_o note_n and_o vox_fw-la be_v nota_fw-la i._n e._n a_o notify_n and_o make_v know_v the_o apprehension_n of_o man_n mind_n even_o as_o wax_v have_v the_o picture_n of_o the_o seal_n be_v to_o the_o seal_n itself_o and_o 〈◊〉_d be_v man_n to_o name_n thing_n and_o here_o be_v a_o fallacy_n very_o useful_a to_o say_v this_o or_o that_o be_v a_o true_a speech_n when_o it_o be_v not_o the_o speech_n in_o property_n but_o the_o logic_n clothe_v in_o the_o speech_n that_o be_v true_a or_o false_a vnumquodque_fw-la for_o grammar_n be_v a_o general_n art_n ergo_fw-la ens_fw-la be_v his_o subject_n more_o remote_a so_o that_o here_o he_o do_v but_o specialize_v ens_fw-la so_o that_o vox_fw-la be_v but_o the_o subject_n of_o grammar_n more_o special_a unumquodque_fw-la more_o general_n and_o as_o affectio_fw-la be_v to_o argumentum_fw-la so_o be_v vocatio_fw-la to_o the_o thing_n call_v so_o also_o that_o which_o be_v the_o aliquid_fw-la in_o argumentum_fw-la as_o grammar_n take_v his_o notion_n of_o it_o be_v unumquodque_fw-la and_o that_o definition_n of_o nomen_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n that_o may_v be_v see_v feel_v hear_v or_o understand_v be_v erroneous_a for_o i_o can_v see_v feel_v or_o understand_v a_o thing_n and_o yet_o name_v it_o not_o but_o do_v res_fw-la belong_v to_o grammar_n no_o but_o thing_n attend_v ens_fw-la for_o otherwise_o arse_n in_o general_n be_v about_o ens_fw-la and_o word_n be_v term_n give_v unto_o thing_n so_o their_o doctrine_n must_v be_v general_a so_o that_o every_o thing_n have_v its_o name_n which_z notatio_fw-la in_o logic_n show_v again_o here_o we_o may_v see_v that_o verb_n adverb_n and_o conjunction_n be_v voces_fw-la and_o hence_o we_o may_v see_v the_o definition_n of_o a_o noun_n to_o be_v too_o general_a and_o second_o their_o error_n in_o calling_n nomen_fw-la not_z vox_fw-la voco_fw-la here_o i_o be_o tell_v how_o this_o nota_fw-la be_v use_v which_o be_v for_o the_o call_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o the_o name_n of_o it_o hence_o when_o we_o be_v ask_v what_o part_n of_o speech_n such_o a_o thing_n be_v we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o the_o thing_n be_v no_o part_n of_o speech_n but_o the_o name_n of_o it_o so_o it_o be_v fallacia_fw-la divisionis_fw-la when_o they_o ask_v what_o part_n of_o speech_n a_o whole_a speech_n be_v it_o be_v a_o great_a question_n which_o scaliger_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr cau_v linguae_fw-la latinae_fw-la whether_o word_n be_v ex_fw-la thesi_fw-la or_o ad_fw-la placitum_fw-la but_o for_o compound_v word_n they_o be_v ex_fw-la thesi_fw-la as_o first_o word_n also_o in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n for_o we_o know_v that_o speech_n be_v the_o creature_n of_o god_n yea_o and_o that_o word_n signify_v this_o or_o that_o thing_n it_o be_v also_o from_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n so_o god_n teach_v adam_n to_o name_v the_o creature_n and_o so_o god_n wrought_v the_o confusion_n of_o tongue_n now_o man_n be_v to_o name_v they_o and_o god_n by_o man_n because_o that_o speech_n be_v to_o be_v the_o carrier_n betwixt_o man_n and_o man_n again_o man_n be_v to_o be_v the_o lord_n steward_n over_o his_o creature_n and_o therefore_o he_o must_v know_v their_o name_n and_o adam_n do_v name_n thing_n with_o reason_n and_o according_a to_o his_o apprehension_n which_o we_o may_v see_v by_o man_n now_o adays_o that_o name_n thing_n so_o as_o according_a to_o their_o apprehension_n they_o can_v give_v a_o reason_n thereof_o so_o that_o word_n be_v give_v with_o respect_n to_o the_o thing_n name_v and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o thing_n name_v be_v in_o the_o thing_n so_o that_o word_n be_v not_o ad_fw-la placitum_fw-la so_o we_o give_v to_o little_a thing_n little_a name_n so_o in_o english_a thing_n that_o be_v glib_a have_v their_o name_n run_v much_o upon_o l_o or_o other_o semi-vowel_n if_o great_a thing_n than_o their_o name_n run_v upon_o grosser_n letter_n now_o the_o art_n of_o speech_n be_v arse_n bexe_n sermocinandi_fw-la for_o that_o be_v general_a both_o to_o grammar_n and_o rhetoric_n and_o the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n concern_v speech_n be_v double_a pure_a and_o ornate_a and_o these_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n which_o rhetoric_n show_v in_o that_o there_o be_v reason_n in_o every_o trope_n and_o figura_fw-la teach_v we_o to_o figurate_a the_o speech_n as_o the_o thing_n be_v and_o if_o it_o be_v great_a we_o give_v it_o a_o great_a name_n if_o little_a we_o give_v it_o a_o little_a name_n and_o hence_o do_v arise_v the_o three_o style_n of_o tully_n that_o for_o a_o lofty_a thing_n we_o have_v a_o lofty_a stile_n for_o a_o mean_a thing_n a_o mean_a stile_n for_o a_o little_a thing_n a_o low_a stile_n and_o that_o with_o good_a reason_n for_o speech_n be_v the_o garment_n of_o reason_n and_o therefore_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v too_o little_a or_o too_o great_a for_o it_o and_o for_o their_o rule_n these_o art_n be_v eternal_a though_o change_v by_o man_n which_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o distinguish_v thing_n by_o their_o name_n and_o rhetoric_n be_v the_o same_o to_o all_o the_o world_n and_o so_o for_o grammar_n the_o rule_n for_o variation_n be_v eternal_a though_o the_o variation_n of_o word_n be_v according_a to_o the_o variation_n of_o man_n and_o this_o consist_v either_o in_o single_a word_n or_o in_o construction_n of_o more_o word_n where_o always_o note_n that_o as_o the_o word_n govern_v do_v depend_v upon_o the_o word_n that_o govern_v it_o so_o do_v the_o thing_n vox_fw-la constat_fw-la syllabâ_fw-la syllaba_fw-la constat_fw-la literâ_fw-la litera_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la sono_fw-la individuo_fw-la for_o sonus_fw-la be_v the_o material_a cause_n of_o it_o the_o form_n be_v from_o the_o figuration_n of_o it_o with_o the_o instrument_n of_o the_o mouth_n for_o the_o word_n litera_fw-la some_o think_v it_o come_v from_o litteratura_fw-la and_o therefore_o write_v it_o with_o a_o double_a it_o whereas_o it_o shall_v be_v with_o a_o single_a t_z some_o think_v it_o come_v of_o lineatura_fw-la and_o so_o of_o linea_fw-la from_o the_o matter_n some_o think_v it_o come_v of_o litura_fw-la a_o blot_n which_o scaliger_n believe_v not_o because_o it_o be_v from_o the_o destruction_n of_o it_o but_o this_o reason_n be_v more_o witty_a than_o sound_n for_o man_n be_v call_v mortalis_fw-la of_o his_o death_n but_o i_o think_v it_o come_v of_o litura_fw-la a_o blot_n because_o when_o we_o set_v black_a upon_o white_a we_o do_v as_o it_o be_v blot_v the_o white_a paper_n and_o so_o sometime_o blote_v and_o write_v be_v confound_v n1_fw-la come_v of_o linum_fw-la linen_n make_v of_o flax_n because_o thread_n be_v the_o first_o thing_n that_o be_v consider_v for_o a_o line_n and_o not_o of_o lino_n which_o signify_v to_o blot_v out_o so_o as_o delinere_v be_v the_o same_o with_o delere_fw-la litera_fw-la est_fw-la vocalis_fw-la aut_fw-la consona_fw-la the_o reason_n in_o nature_n be_v because_o there_o be_v two_o principal_a sort_n of_o the_o position_n of_o the_o mouth_n the_o first_o be_v when_o we_o make_v a_o sound_n without_o any_o more_o ado_n the_o second_o be_v where_o there_o be_v a_o more_o special_a kind_n of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o organ_n in_o the_o mouth_n which_o letter_n either_o make_v a_o complete_a sound_n in_o themselves_o or_o a_o incomplete_a and_o even_o as_o in_o nature_n the_o first_o matter_n be_v incomplete_a yet_o make_v thing_n which_o be_v complete_a so_o the_o consonant_n which_o in_o themselves_o be_v incomplete_a with_o vowel_n make_v syllable_n which_o be_v complete_a this_o word_n vocalis_fw-la signify_v vocal_a i._n e._n sound_v of_o himself_o for_o he_o need_v no_o other_o though_o he_o be_v join_v with_o another_o now_o for_o vocalis_fw-la they_o usual_o define_v it_o litera_fw-la quae_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la syllabam_fw-la potest_fw-la efficere_fw-la this_o be_v à _fw-la priore_fw-la but_o not_o general_o true_a for_o in_o our_o english_a tongue_n our_o w_n oo_z ee_o never_o make_v a_o complete_a sound_n neither_o in_o hebrew_n and_o yet_o there_o they_o make_v a_o complete_a sound_n though_o they_o be_v not_o without_o a_o consonant_n now_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o will_v define_v a_o vowel_n to_o be_v litera_fw-la quae_fw-la completum_fw-la sonum_fw-la edit_fw-la or_o quae_fw-la plenè_fw-la sonat_fw-la or_o rather_o quae_fw-la constat_fw-la sono_fw-la completo_fw-la but_o in_o
down_o the_o procreant_a and_o conservant_n cause_n of_o a_o trope_n and_o for_o necessity_n though_o grammar_n be_v as_o large_a as_o logic_n yea_o as_o large_a as_o our_o thought_n yet_o at_o the_o first_o it_o be_v not_o yea_o they_o use_v to_o say_v the_o heart_n can_v comprehend_v she_o own_o thought_n and_o again_o because_o thing_n at_o the_o first_o be_v so_o many_o that_o they_o can_v not_o ready_o give_v the_o proper_a name_n of_o every_o thing_n hence_o arise_v trope_n afterward_o these_o trope_n be_v sweet_a and_o pleasant_a and_o therefore_o they_o will_v let_v they_o go_v no_o more_o nam_fw-la ut_fw-la vest_n be_v frigoris_fw-la etc._n etc._n man_n at_o first_o need_v not_o clothes_n but_o now_o by_o reason_n of_o sin_n the_o temper_n of_o his_o body_n and_o external_a cold_a together_o cause_v cold_a he_o need_v clothes_n which_o he_o use_v not_o only_o for_o heat_n but_o also_o for_o ornament_n so_o for_o trope_n though_o necessity_n bring_v they_o in_o yet_o decency_n do_v hold_v they_o delectat_fw-la autem_fw-la ideo_fw-la etc._n etc._n because_o it_o be_v witty_a to_o let_v pass_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v before_o our_o foot_n second_o because_o our_o cogitation_n be_v refresh_v by_o they_o for_o variety_n delight_v as_o there_o be_v in_o trope_n and_o even_o as_o if_o we_o see_v speech_n in_o his_o holiday_n garment_n haec_fw-la igitur_fw-la prima_fw-la sunt_fw-la these_o be_v the_o first_o sause_n and_o remedy_n to_o make_v speech_n look_v red_a and_o white_a sedtamen_fw-la verecund_a etc._n etc._n here_o be_v a_o propriety_n a_o trope_n must_v be_v bashful_a and_o shamefaced_a not_o bring_v in_o by_o another_o or_o come_v in_o rush_v perforce_o but_o gentle_a and_o lead_v by_o the_o hand_n or_o i_o pray_v you_o ceme_fw-la in_fw-la now_o to_o all_o kinf_n of_o trope_n there_o be_v certain_a general_a affection_n and_o those_o be_v either_o in_o one_o word_n alone_o or_o in_o the_o continuance_n of_o more_o word_n together_o those_o which_o be_v in_o one_o word_n alone_o be_v either_o such_o as_o be_v too_o hard_a and_o harsh_a or_o too_o bold_a and_o proud_a such_o as_o be_v pull_v in_o by_o the_o ear_n and_o be_v more_o sausy_a now_o these_o be_v general_a affection_n of_o trope_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o they_o be_v this_o we_o have_v hear_v what_o a_o trope_n be_v namely_o where_o a_o word_n be_v change_v from_o his_o natural_a signification_n into_o another_o now_o because_o that_o for_o want_v of_o word_n we_o can_v ready_o give_v a_o fit_a word_n that_o be_v tropical_a therefore_o we_o be_v force_v to_o bring_v they_o in_o more_o harsh_o sometime_o and_o more_o proud_o now_o that_o which_o be_v more_o harsh_a be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d abusio_fw-la tropi_fw-la which_o come_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d abutor_fw-la that_o be_v a_o word_n which_o be_v abuse_v more_o unkind_o or_o a_o word_n hardly_o entertain_v it_o be_v call_v of_o the_o grammarian_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d tunc_fw-la ego_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o i_o may_v only_o hope_v for_o this_o grief_n here_o be_v a_o harsh_a trope_n for_o spes_n be_v expectatio_fw-la boni_fw-la and_o metus_fw-la or_o timâ—r_fw-la expectatio_fw-la mali_fw-la so_o that_o here_o be_v either_o a_o synechdochy_n or_o a_o catachrestical_a irony_n now_o for_o hyperbole_n that_o have_v no_o affinity_n with_o catachrésis_n for_o a_o hyperbole_n be_v very_o usual_a and_o commendable_a neither_o be_v there_o any_o harshness_n in_o it_o but_o it_o be_v a_o little_a too_o proud_a but_o catachrésis_n be_v harsh_a and_o not_o use_v but_o of_o poet_n only_o not_o of_o orator_n at_o least_o very_o seldom_o gladium_fw-la vagina_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o be_v also_o harsh_a for_o we_o rather_o say_v vagina_n &_o gladio_fw-la vacua_fw-la than_o gladius_fw-la est_fw-la vagina_fw-la vacuus_fw-la vacuum_n here_o be_v a_o metaphour_n h._n e._n exutum_fw-la hyperbole_n est_fw-la audacia_fw-la tropi_fw-la of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v carry_v above_o and_o this_o affection_n signify_v that_o for_o which_o it_o be_v fetch_v it_o very_o kind_o but_o proud_o and_o so_o as_o it_o do_v inhaunch_v and_o increase_v the_o matter_n to_o very_o good_a purpose_n and_o this_o affection_n be_v very_o commenadble_a and_o usual_a especial_o in_o scripture_n meiosis_n diminutio_fw-la which_o be_v contrary_a to_o hyperbole_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o synechdochy_n of_o the_o species_n for_o the_o genus_fw-la the_o second_o affection_n of_o trope_n in_o the_o continuance_n of_o more_o word_n be_v call_v allegoria_fw-la which_o be_v continuatio_fw-la troporum_fw-la yet_o those_o trope_n must_v be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o trope_n as_o they_o must_v be_v all_o of_o they_o either_o metonymy_n metaphor_n ironye_n or_o synechdochye_n not_o one_o a_o metonymy_n another_o a_o irony_n and_o another_o a_o metaphor_n and_o another_o a_o synecdochy_n it_o have_v his_o notation_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sedin_n allegoria_fw-la tenendum_fw-la that_o be_v in_o a_o allegory_n look_v from_o what_o thing_n we_o first_o fetch_v our_o allegory_n with_o the_o same_o thing_n must_v we_o end_v as_o if_o i_o begin_v with_o a_o ship_n i_o must_v end_v with_o a_o ship_n for_o if_o i_o begin_v with_o a_o ship_n and_o end_n with_o a_o plough_n inconsequentia_fw-la foedissima_fw-la fuerit_fw-la so_o also_o we_o see_v in_o the_o gospel_n how_o the_o allegory_n of_o dives_n and_o lazarus_n be_v continue_v how_o they_o be_v there_o feast_v and_o afterward_o how_o they_o be_v to_o feast_v in_o another_o place_n where_o dives_n have_v such_o a_o dry_a feast_n as_o he_o desire_v but_o the_o tip_n of_o his_o finger_n to_o cool_v he_o withal_o but_o how_o lazarus_n be_v take_v into_o a_o joyful_a feast_n yea_o even_o into_o abraham_n bosom_n where_o we_o may_v see_v even_o by_o this_o rule_n what_o be_v mean_v in_o this_o place_n by_o abraham_n bosom_n namely_o that_o lazarus_n sit_v in_o heaven_n next_o unto_o abraham_n so_o be_v the_o allegory_n continue_v from_o the_o thing_n he_o do_v fetch_v it_o and_o this_o rule_n be_v of_o great_a use_n in_o scripture_n for_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n in_o many_o place_n which_o otherwise_o may_v seem_v dark_a now_o for_o he_o that_o give_v his_o fellow_n a_o box_n on_o the_o ear_n which_o fell_v he_o and_o yet_o say_v nisi_fw-la tetigi_fw-la what_o affection_n be_v this_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o hyperbole_n of_o his_o own_o commendation_n as_o if_o he_o can_v do_v more_o with_o a_o touch_n than_o other_o with_o a_o great_a stroke_n chap._n iii_o troporum_fw-la genera_fw-la duo_fw-la sunt_fw-la primum_fw-la est_fw-la metonymia_fw-la &_o ironia_fw-la this_o distribution_n of_o the_o kind_n of_o trope_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o thing_n whence_o they_o be_v borrow_v and_o those_o from_o the_o argument_n of_o invention_n the_o second_o distribution_n be_v from_o simple_a argument_n metonymy_fw-la est_fw-la tropus_fw-la causae_fw-la ad_fw-la effect_n subj_fw-la ad_fw-la adjunct_n vel_fw-la contrà _fw-la here_o be_v definitio_fw-la ex_fw-la distributione_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v be_v absolutè_fw-la vel_fw-la modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentaneorum_fw-la which_o be_v show_v by_o the_o induction_n of_o the_o species_n but_o because_o not_o every_o cause_n be_v put_v tropical_o for_o every_o effect_n nor_o è_fw-la contrà _fw-la neither_o every_o subj_fw-la for_o every_o adj_fw-la nor_o è_fw-la contrà _fw-la therefore_o he_o choose_v rather_o to_o keep_v himself_o close_o by_o these_o species_n then_o to_o speak_v general_o metonymy_fw-la of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o change_n of_o the_o name_n which_o be_v true_a of_o every_o trope_n but_o because_o use_v have_v receive_v we_o content_v ourselves_o with_o it_o know_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o it_o or_o if_o you_o will_v make_v it_o a_o synecdochy_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la for_o the_o species_n and_o this_o trope_n be_v first_o for_o that_o the_o argument_n whence_o they_o be_v borrow_v be_v first_o and_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o cause_n be_v put_v for_o the_o effect_n be_v because_o it_o give_v esse_fw-la to_o the_o effect_n so_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o effect_n be_v put_v for_o the_o cause_n be_v because_o it_o have_v its_o esse_fw-la from_o the_o cause_n so_o why_o the_o subj_fw-la be_v put_v for_o the_o adjunct_n because_o the_o adjunct_n in_o esse_fw-la be_v in_o the_o subj_fw-la et_fw-la contrà _fw-la so_o that_o this_o trope_n be_v of_o consentany_a argument_n metonymy_fw-la causae_fw-la est_fw-la efficieintis_n aut_fw-la materiae_fw-la here_o also_o be_v a_o definition_n of_o the_o metonymy_a of_o the_o cause_n ex_fw-la distributionne_n there_o be_v not_o any_o trope_n of_o the_o other_o cause_n neither_o form_n nor_o end_n not_o of_o the_o form_n
but_o spiritual_a quantity_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o their_o subtle_a quantity_n and_o because_o they_o have_v quantity_n hence_o they_o must_v be_v under_o some_o figure_n and_o they_o have_v their_o place_n and_o that_o be_v one_o passionis_fw-la actionis_fw-la by_o virtue_n of_o the_o form_n there_o arise_v actio_fw-la by_o virtue_n of_o the_o matter_n passio_fw-la yet_o they_o arise_v from_o they_o both_o but_o more_o especial_o from_o the_o one_o than_o the_o other_o for_o every_o thing_n be_v effectum_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o have_v cause_n ergo_fw-la these_o cause_n do_v agere_fw-la ergo_fw-la the_o effect_n do_v pati_fw-la so_o that_o every_o nature_n do_v pati_fw-la and_o again_o every_o nature_n have_v principia_fw-la from_o whence_o come_v actio_fw-la hence_o be_v these_o most_o general_a yet_o passio_fw-la before_o because_o it_o come_v more_o principal_o from_o the_o matter_n as_o also_o because_o every_o thing_n do_v pati_fw-la in_o its_o very_a generation_n before_o it_o be_v perfect_a and_o the_o materiale_a do_v pati_fw-la and_o the_o formale_a agere_fw-la yet_o the_o materiale_a do_v agere_fw-la also_o so_o aristotle_n say_v materia_fw-la do_v appetere_fw-la formam_fw-la ut_fw-la foemina_fw-la virum_fw-la crassity_n tenuitas_fw-la crassity_n come_v from_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o matter_n as_o tenuitas_fw-la from_o the_o extension_n of_o the_o form_n in_o the_o matter_n and_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v be_v crassum_fw-la and_o tenue_n and_o as_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a limitatio_fw-la of_o every_o thing_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o principia_fw-la so_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a limitation_n in_o regard_n of_o extension_n and_o contraction_n in_o they_o tenuitas_fw-la voco_fw-la &_o subtilitas_fw-la subtilitas_fw-la we_o call_v slenderness_n subtilitas_fw-la be_v the_o form_n spin_v of_o the_o matter_n by_o the_o form_n crassity_n contra_fw-la so_o take_v a_o portion_n of_o the_o first_o matter_n and_o put_v the_o form_n of_o fire_n upon_o it_o and_o it_o will_v spin_v it_o fine_a than_o the_o form_n of_o air_n will_v do_v and_o so_o the_o rest_n so_o that_o the_o act_n of_o the_o form_n on_o the_o matter_n extend_v it_o cause_v subtlety_n crassity_n be_v contrà _fw-la again_o every_o thing_n have_v porositie_n in_o it_o and_o so_o it_o rend_v and_o it_o be_v requisite_a there_o shall_v be_v porosity_n in_o every_o element_n for_o that_o there_o must_v be_v apposition_n of_o element_n and_o that_o there_o must_v be_v as_o in_o the_o earth_n that_o it_o may_v bring_v forth_o fruit_n and_o that_o which_o kickerman_n call_v impurity_n in_o the_o element_n be_v nothing_o but_o this_o apposition_n of_o they_o and_o for_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o three_o region_n of_o the_o air_n it_o come_v in_o the_o meteor_n as_o not_o be_v so_o distinguish_v as_o it_o be_v a_o element_n but_o as_o the_o meteor_n be_v in_o it_o gravitas_fw-la levitas_n gravitas_fw-la and_o levitas_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o continual_a act_n of_o the_o form_n for_o where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o form_n and_o little_a matter_n there_o be_v most_o levity_n so_o in_o the_o high_a heaven_n because_o the_o principia_fw-la be_v together_o and_o there_o be_v much_o act_n of_o the_o form_n hence_o be_v it_o most_o light_a and_o have_v the_o high_a place_n and_o gravity_n be_v a_o privation_n as_o it_o be_v of_o levity_n as_o opacity_n be_v of_o light_n and_o so_o the_o same_o matter_n may_v be_v more_o light_n by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o form_n not_o more_o grave_a and_o so_o the_o first_o matter_n be_v most_o grave_a because_o it_o be_v without_o form_n and_o as_o it_o be_v every_o thing_n imperfect_o so_o it_o be_v in_o loco_fw-la and_o be_v quantum_fw-la imperfect_o though_o limit_n of_o place_n and_o quantity_n be_v so_o far_o as_o matter_n and_o form_n reach_v and_o it_o be_v without_o form_n ergo_fw-la imperfect_a and_o for_o so_o many_o legion_n of_o spirit_n in_o a_o man_n body_n we_o be_v to_o imagine_v they_o to_o have_v distinct_a place_n so_o when_o we_o pull_v a_o thing_n we_o will_v have_v it_o in_o two_o place_n ergo_fw-la it_o rend_v and_o act_n be_v either_o internal_a when_o the_o form_n extend_v the_o matter_n and_o hence_o be_v subtilitas_fw-la and_o crassity_n and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a arise_v of_o subtilitas_fw-la some_o say_v it_o arise_v from_o heat_n and_o rarity_n but_o there_o may_v be_v subtlety_n where_o these_o be_v not_o as_o in_o the_o high_a heaven_n and_o this_o be_v plain_a in_o the_o element_n which_o have_v one_o common_a matter_n and_o yet_o by_o their_o form_n they_o be_v more_o or_o less_o extend_v neither_o be_v heat_n the_o cause_n of_o extension_n for_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v more_o extend_v if_o the_o form_n of_o water_n be_v in_o it_o again_o when_o the_o form_n extend_v the_o matter_n beyond_o its_o reach_n till_o it_o rend_v this_o be_v rarity_n gravitas_fw-la be_v from_o more_o matter_n and_o less_o form_n levitas_fw-la contrà _fw-la the_o external_a act_n be_v of_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n raritas_fw-la and_o densitas_fw-la rarity_n be_v the_o extension_n of_o the_o matter_n by_o the_o form_n that_o it_o rent_n and_o become_v porose_n and_o so_o be_v every_o thing_n for_o if_o angel_n can_v extend_v themselves_o then_o it_o be_v from_o their_o rarity_n and_o density_n and_o ergo_fw-la from_o porosity_n and_o so_o for_o adam_n and_o the_o patriarch_n and_o the_o rest_n they_o be_v in_o the_o high_a heaven_n there_o must_v needs_o be_v cessio_fw-la corporum_fw-la and_o there_o must_v be_v no_o vacuum_n ergo_fw-la there_o be_v a_o caelestis_fw-la aura_fw-fr that_o do_v cedere_fw-la scaliger_n say_v when_o the_o air_n be_v extend_v it_o be_v porosus_fw-la and_o yet_o he_o can_v tell_v what_o it_o be_v that_o be_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o it_o for_o if_o it_o be_v air_n than_o it_o shall_v still_o be_v one_o continue_a body_n with_o it_o but_o all_o the_o element_n be_v together_o by_o apposition_n so_o that_o there_o be_v other_o element_n in_o it_o and_o raritas_fw-la and_o densitas_fw-la be_v not_o quality_n say_v aristotle_n but_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o part_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o ratio_fw-la and_o these_o may_v be_v of_o the_o same_o thing_n as_o the_o air_n may_v be_v more_o rare_a and_o more_o dense_a and_o these_o be_v internal_a act_n the_o external_a act_n the_o power_n of_o action_n and_o passion_n for_o where_o there_o be_v much_o potentia_fw-la actionis_fw-la there_o must_v be_v much_o potentia_fw-la passionis_fw-la and_o so_o antipathy_n where_o if_o there_o be_v much_o action_n than_o there_o must_v be_v patientis_fw-la fuga_fw-la or_o else_o it_o perish_v now_o where_o there_o be_v much_o action_n and_o affection_n to_o his_o like_a as_o be_v cause_n effect_n subject_n or_o adjunct_n this_o be_v sympathy_n multiplex_fw-la &_o discontinuum_fw-la unum_fw-la mundum_fw-la efficit_fw-la ordine_fw-la et_fw-la hinc_fw-la ascensus_fw-la descensus_fw-la multiplex_fw-la &_o discontinuum_fw-la unum_fw-la mundum_fw-la efficit_fw-la contiguitate_fw-la &_o hinc_fw-la nullum_fw-la datur_fw-la vacuum_fw-la the_o world_n consist_v of_o many_o part_n which_o be_v not_o continua_fw-la but_o contigua_fw-la yet_o we_o may_v call_v the_o world_n one_o as_o he_o that_o make_v it_o be_v one_o scilicet_fw-la in_o method_n or_o order_n not_o in_o continue_a quantity_n and_o by_o reason_n that_o all_o thing_n be_v one_o by_o method_n hence_o there_o can_v be_v no_o vacuum_n first_o because_o there_o will_v be_v a_o crypsis_n of_o this_o method_n again_o vacuum_n be_v non_fw-la ens_fw-la but_o only_o ens_fw-la à _fw-la primo_fw-la be_v part_n of_o the_o world_n ergo_fw-la not_z non_fw-la ens_fw-la for_o nothing_o can_v be_v a_o part_n of_o something_o nature_n be_v manifold_a but_o it_o be_v make_v one_o by_o method_n as_o every_o rule_n of_o logic_n be_v divers_a in_o themselves_o but_o make_v but_o one_o act_n by_o method_n so_o nature_n be_v manifold_a in_o itself_o be_v make_v one_o by_o method_n and_o here_o be_v a_o great_a many_o controversy_n answer_v as_o that_o the_o world_n be_v not_o one_o by_o continuity_n but_o method_n we_o know_v be_v the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n according_a to_o which_o god_n create_v and_o govern_v thing_n ergo_fw-la the_o thing_n do_v appetere_fw-la their_o place_n as_o god_n have_v place_v they_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o thing_n ascend_v and_o descend_v some_o say_v it_o be_v for_o their_o own_o preservation_n which_o indeed_o be_v the_o final_a cause_n but_o the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v method_n and_o as_o a_o painter_n when_o he_o paint_v a_o thing_n shall_v make_v a_o deformity_n if_o he_o shall_v set_v thing_n out_o of_o order_n so_o nature_n if_o thing_n shall_v not_o be_v right_o place_v so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o crypsis_n of_o method_n and_o here_o come_v in_o the_o world_n which_o be_v multiplex_n and_o discontinua_fw-la natura_fw-la here_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o