etc._n etc._n that_o be_v when_o special_a cause_n may_v be_v give_v to_o one_o common_a effect_n for_o as_o integrum_fw-la though_o it_o be_v singular_a yet_o be_v it_o totum_fw-la because_o it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o portion_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o the_o member_n so_o here_o the_o effect_n be_v make_v of_o their_o genus_fw-la now_o he_o say_v distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la because_o it_o arise_v ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la for_o there_o be_v the_o cause_n distribute_v and_o the_o part_n distribute_v so_o that_o here_o we_o may_v see_v why_o these_o argument_n be_v right_o call_v orta_fw-la quando_fw-la part_n sunt_fw-la effecta_fw-la so_o as_o the_o whole_a do_v symbolice_n contain_v the_o cause_n so_o the_o part_n do_v symbolice_n contain_v the_o effect_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v effecta_fw-la we_o hear_v of_o in_o the_o first_o invention_n but_o effecta_fw-la here_o sunt_fw-la part_n this_o be_v the_o second_o invention_n god_n as_o he_o make_v all_o thing_n so_o have_v he_o range_v and_o order_v they_o one_o under_o another_o so_o that_o in_o this_o definition_n this_o be_v all_o the_o part_n be_v the_o effect_n and_o the_o cause_n be_v the_o whole_a mariner_n be_v general_a cause_n but_o they_o have_v special_a effect_n for_o some_o climb_v the_o shroud_n some_o run_v up_o and_o down_o some_o pump_n etc._n etc._n here_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o efficient_a cause_n so_o we_o may_v distribute_v from_o the_o matter_n as_o of_o wood_n be_v make_v a_o wooden_a chest_n or_o table_n or_o stool_n etc._n etc._n so_o from_o the_o form_n as_o we_o may_v from_o the_o genus_fw-la but_o this_o always_o consider_v in_o general_a that_o the_o part_n be_v part_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o that_o they_o be_v homogenie_n part_n for_o if_o we_o shall_v divide_v a_o whole_a into_o part_n and_o particle_n there_o will_v be_v no_o distribution_n as_o if_o a_o man_n body_n be_v anatomize_v because_o the_o particle_n will_v agree_v with_o the_o part_n distributio_fw-la generis_fw-la in_o species_n hic_fw-la excellit_fw-la he_o do_v here_o hasten_v to_o genus_fw-la as_o be_v the_o principal_a thing_n in_o this_o place_n and_o it_o be_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v that_o distribution_n which_o we_o usual_o hear_v of_o and_o which_o we_o have_v so_o often_o in_o school_n of_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n they_o be_v but_o modi_fw-la of_o a_o distribution_n ex_fw-la effectis_fw-la and_o it_o be_v true_a and_o whilst_o the_o common_a logician_n see_v not_o this_o they_o know_v not_o the_o truth_n of_o they_o nor_o their_o original_a and_o this_o make_v they_o to_o begin_v with_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n in_o their_o logic_n so_o they_o know_v they_o not_o in_o their_o cause_n but_o only_o in_o their_o second_o nature_n hic_fw-la excellit_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v this_o be_v the_o chief_a modus_fw-la in_o this_o distribution_n genus_fw-la genus_fw-la signify_v first_o a_o stock_n or_o kindred_n now_o because_o all_o the_o species_n come_v from_o one_o root_n as_o a_o family_n come_v from_o one_o stock_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v call_v genus_fw-la or_o as_o the_o parent_n be_v cause_n of_o their_o child_n so_o be_v genus_fw-la cause_n of_o the_o species_n so_o the_o hiraclide_n be_v they_o that_o come_v of_o hiracles_fw-mi species_n this_o signify_v in_o the_o original_a the_o countenance_n of_o a_o thing_n nâ—w_o we_o come_v to_o see_v nothing_o but_o singular_n ergo_fw-la individua_fw-la and_o species_n infimae_fw-la be_v proper_o species_n it_o come_v of_o a_o old_a verb_n specio_fw-la or_o spicio_fw-la species_n it_o be_v that_o which_o be_v look_v on_o excellit_fw-la that_o be_v of_o principal_a use_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n thereof_o the_o lord_n have_v range_v all_o thing_n under_o his_o own_o general_n but_o this_o kind_n of_o range_v be_v more_o general_a than_o the_o rest_n and_o the_o genus_fw-la give_v essence_n to_o the_o species_n it_o draw_v the_o species_n with_o it_o wheresoever_o it_o go_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o wheresoever_o the_o genus_fw-la of_o any_o thing_n be_v teach_v there_o a_o so_o must_v the_o species_n be_v teach_v and_o this_o be_v the_o father_n of_o predicament_n so_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o but_o be_v under_o a_o genus_fw-la but_o genus_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la genus_fw-la est_fw-la totum_fw-la partibus_fw-la essentiale_fw-la totum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la continet_fw-la part_n for_o the_o part_n we_o hear_v be_v hold_v together_o in_o the_o whole_a for_o before_o whilst_o the_o member_n do_v contribute_v every_o one_o a_o portion_n of_o matter_n and_o form_n they_o make_v up_o the_o whole_a now_o genus_fw-la be_v totum_fw-la but_o contrary_a to_o integrum_fw-la for_o there_o the_o integrum_fw-la have_v his_o whole_a matter_n and_o form_n from_o the_o member_n but_o the_o genus_fw-la comprehend_v the_o species_n in_o a_o common_a matter_n and_o in_o a_o common_a form_n totum_fw-la essentiale_fw-la by_o this_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o which_o give_v essence_n that_o be_v matter_n and_o form_n so_o that_o integrum_fw-la do_v contain_v all_o that_o the_o member_n have_v but_o the_o genus_fw-la do_v not_o contain_v all_o that_o the_o species_n have_v so_o that_o though_o all_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v in_o the_o species_n yet_o the_o whole_a essence_n of_o the_o species_n be_v not_o in_o the_o genus_fw-la when_o i_o say_v totum_fw-la essentiale_fw-la i_o say_v two_o thing_n first_o that_o genus_fw-la be_v a_o totum_fw-la second_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o genus_fw-la but_o be_v also_o in_o the_o species_n object_n but_o how_o can_v it_o be_v say_v that_o genus_fw-la give_v essence_n to_o the_o species_n whereas_o they_o have_v more_o in_o they_o than_o the_o genus_fw-la answ_n to_o contain_v be_v to_o hold_v together_o now_o because_o the_o species_n agree_v in_o one_o common_a matter_n and_o a_o common_a form_n as_o in_o uno_fw-la puncto_fw-la ergo_fw-la genus_fw-la do_v contain_v they_o so_o that_o reciprocation_n here_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v so_o far_o forth_o as_o by_o their_o hypostatical_a union_n the_o specius_fw-la be_v make_v one_o in_o their_o genus_fw-la hence_o it_o be_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o the_o genus_fw-la must_v agree_v with_o the_o species_n therefore_o if_o any_o in_o distribute_v shall_v make_v any_o part_n as_o large_a as_o the_o genus_fw-la as_o logician_n distribute_v genus_fw-la into_o perfectum_fw-la and_o imperfectum_fw-la they_o make_v species_n totum_fw-la and_z not_o genus_fw-la so_o ens_fw-la be_v substantia_fw-la or_o accidens_fw-la will_v not_o come_v into_o any_o art_n for_o the_o part_n be_v consentany_n inter_fw-la se_fw-la be_v subjectum_fw-la and_o adjunctum_fw-la partibus_fw-la pars_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la continetur_fw-la non_fw-la in_o toto_fw-la sed_fw-la a_o toto_fw-la tâ—tâ—m_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la continet_fw-la as_o be_v the_o common_a punctum_fw-la wherein_o the_o part_n meet_v together_o he_o say_v also_o partibus_fw-la non_fw-la parti_fw-la species_n est_fw-la pars_fw-la generis_fw-la pars_fw-la we_o hear_v before_o generis_fw-la so_o that_o as_o membrum_fw-la be_v pars_fw-la integri_fw-la not_o generis_fw-la so_o species_n est_fw-la pars_fw-la generis_fw-la not_o integri_fw-la so_o that_o they_o which_o divide_v part_n into_o integral_n or_o simular_a understand_v not_o logic_n for_o a_o part_n simular_a be_v nothing_o but_o species_n which_o be_v pars_fw-la generis_fw-la as_o a_o pan_n of_o water_n &_o a_o drop_n of_o water_n be_v genus_fw-la &_o species_n a_o bone_n and_o a_o part_n of_o a_o bone_n be_v also_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n now_o they_o call_v it_o simular_a because_o they_o have_v the_o same_o denomination_n why_o so_o genus_fw-la do_v predicare_fw-la re_fw-la et_fw-la nomine_fw-la as_o they_o say_v pars_fw-la generis_fw-la here_o observe_v that_o species_n have_v reference_n only_o to_o genus_fw-la and_o so_o genus_fw-la to_o species_n even_o as_o causa_fw-la be_v effecti_fw-la causa_fw-la and_o subjectum_fw-la adjuncti_fw-la subjectum_fw-la for_o they_o be_v relate_v ergo_fw-la can_v repeat_v no_o other_o thing_n but_o one_o another_o so_o again_o genus_fw-la be_v totum_fw-la not_o speciei_fw-la but_o specierum_fw-la ergo_fw-la when_o we_o give_v a_o double_a face_n to_o he_o we_o make_v he_o like_o janus_n with_o a_o double_a forehead_n for_o they_o make_v the_o same_o species_n to_o be_v species_n to_o two_o thing_n species_n therefore_o be_v generis_fw-la species_n as_o one_o son_n be_v but_o son_n of_o one_o father_n now_o this_o be_v their_o trouble_n that_o they_o can_v distribute_v a_o species_n into_o individua_fw-la because_o say_v they_o individua_fw-la do_v but_o differre_fw-la numero_fw-la what_o be_v that_o defer_fw-la numero_fw-la be_v proper_o to_o reckon_v up_o or_o make_v a_o induction_n of_o the_o individua_fw-la to_o make_v up_o the_o species_n again_o when_o we_o distribute_v that_o species_n into_o all_o his_o individua_fw-la there_o be_v a_o distribution_n for_o there_o be_v a_o totum_fw-la and_o
you_o shall_v see_v a_o compose_a form_n so_o that_o the_o logician_n do_v not_o look_v at_o the_o outward_a face_n of_o a_o thing_n but_o at_o the_o inward_a essence_n here_o he_o be_v fain_o to_o deliver_v the_o form_n by_o many_o other_o argument_n and_o indeed_o it_o be_v a_o description_n of_o forma_fw-la est_fw-la in_o secessu_fw-la longo_fw-la locus_fw-la ensula_fw-la portum_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o he_o have_v by_o the_o position_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o haven_n tell_v we_o the_o form_n of_o it_o chap._n viii_o de_fw-fr fine_a finis_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la cujus_fw-la gratia_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la we_o have_v go_v through_o the_o esse_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n we_o have_v but_o hear_v of_o three_o when_o the_o four_o come_v that_o make_v up_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o thing_n namely_o finis_fw-la finis_fw-la for_o the_o name_n it_o be_v borrow_v from_o geometry_n for_o that_o that_o be_v terminus_fw-la there_o be_v here_o call_v finis_fw-la and_o it_o be_v bring_v hither_o to_o signify_v that_o final_a cause_n that_o serve_v to_o make_v up_o the_o effect_n so_o that_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o we_o keep_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o esses_fw-la but_o it_o be_v not_o the_o last_o part_n and_o member_n thereof_o as_o they_o make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o last_o member_n of_o some_o whole_a as_o method_n be_v the_o last_o member_n of_o logic_n finis_fw-la be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o esse_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n not_o of_o the_o member_n of_o it_o now_o it_o be_v call_v finis_fw-la because_o it_o limit_n the_o thing_n for_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o for_o his_o essence_n and_o it_o be_v the_o last_o thing_n that_o limit_n it_o ergo_fw-la it_o be_v call_v finis_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la because_o with_o force_n thereof_o the_o thing_n be_v and_o the_o end_n though_o it_o do_v not_o enter_v into_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o effect_n by_o it_o own_o essence_n yet_o by_o it_o virtue_n it_o do_v efficere_fw-la as_o do_v the_o efficient_a cujus_fw-la gratia_fw-la therefore_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v that_o that_o grace_v the_o effect_n and_o thence_o have_v the_o thing_n his_o commendation_n cujus_fw-la gratia_fw-la for_o who_o grace_n for_o gratia_fw-la here_o signify_v not_o only_o for_o who_o sake_n but_o for_o who_o grace_n as_o if_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v that_o which_o do_v grace_v the_o effect_n and_o so_o indeed_o it_o do_v for_o as_o bonum_fw-la quo_fw-la communius_fw-la eo_fw-la melius_fw-la so_o communior_fw-la finis_fw-la have_v more_o grace_n than_o finis_fw-la specialioâ—_n for_o that_o cause_n that_o which_o be_v next_o the_o chief_a end_n be_v more_o noble_a and_o excellent_a then_o that_o which_o be_v more_o remote_a hence_o man_n be_v more_o excellent_a than_o any_o other_o creature_n because_o he_o be_v make_v immediate_o for_o god_n so_o then_o the_o end_n grace_v it_o evermore_o and_o the_o more_o excellent_a the_o end_n be_v the_o more_o excellent_a be_v that_o effect_n this_o then_o be_v the_o esse_fw-la that_o the_o final_a cause_n do_v give_v to_o the_o effect_n namely_o that_o which_o be_v good_a for_o that_o effect_n so_o that_o the_o goodness_n of_o a_o thing_n be_v that_o vis_fw-la in_o the_o effect_n that_o it_o have_v from_o the_o end_n as_o in_o a_o knife_n the_o efficient_a may_v be_v a_o slave_n the_o matter_n likewise_o naught_o the_o form_n though_o that_o be_v something_o yet_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o end_n neither_o the_o efficient_a matter_n or_o form_n will_v move_v ergo_fw-la the_o final_a cause_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o happiness_n of_o the_o thing_n so_o that_o a_o thing_n be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v happy_a till_o it_o be_v serviceable_a to_o that_o end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v a_o garment_n well_o make_v as_o touch_v the_o skill_n of_o the_o efficient_a and_o of_o good_a stuff_n for_o the_o matter_n and_o fit_a for_o a_o garment_n and_o so_o of_o a_o good_a form_n yet_o not_o fit_v he_o for_o who_o it_o be_v make_v it_o want_v his_o end_n or_o happiness_n and_o so_o be_v not_o perfect_a again_o this_o show_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o formal_a cause_n and_o the_o end_n for_o the_o form_n may_v be_v as_o we_o see_v and_o not_o the_o end_n again_o we_o know_v there_o be_v many_o thing_n that_o have_v not_o their_o perfection_n but_o by_o growth_n and_o yet_o have_v all_o the_o cause_n yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o end_n present_o follow_v after_o the_o form_n so_o man_n be_v make_v by_o god_n here_o god_n be_v the_o efficient_a earth_n the_o matter_n reason_n the_o form_n yet_o here_o be_v not_o his_o end_n namely_o fitness_n to_o serve_v god_n and_o thus_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o cause_n which_o be_v the_o foundation_n whereon_o the_o effect_n be_v build_v physicis_fw-la rebus_fw-la finis_fw-la homo_fw-la propositas_fw-la est_fw-la homini_fw-la deus_fw-la of_o natural_a thing_n man_n be_v the_o end_n the_o grace_n of_o man_n be_v god_n and_o god_n make_v he_o good_a not_o as_o a_o efficient_a but_o as_o a_o end_n omnium_fw-la artium_fw-la est_fw-la aliquod_fw-la summom_n bonum_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la extremus_fw-la that_o be_v that_o end_n which_o they_o reach_v unto_o but_o that_o be_v not_o the_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la of_o all_o thing_n for_o logick_n end_n be_v be_v disserere_fw-la grammar_n bene_fw-la loqui_fw-la etc._n etc._n these_o be_v the_o further_a end_n of_o logic_n and_o grammar_n but_o not_o the_o further_a end_n of_o all_o they_o be_v indeed_o the_o proper_a end_n of_o they_o but_o not_o the_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la so_o that_o he_o mean_v by_o summum_fw-la bonum_fw-la the_o outmost_a or_o far_a end_n of_o they_o and_o the_o end_n of_o logic_n lie_v in_o the_o precept_n of_o it_o as_o they_o act_n bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la this_o be_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o end_n and_o the_o effect_n a_o house_n be_v make_v to_o dwell_v in_o though_o it_o never_o be_v dwell_v in_o so_o for_o a_o garment_n to_o be_v wear_v be_v one_o thing_n and_o to_o be_v fit_a to_o wear_v another_o so_o if_o i_o go_v forth_o to_o speak_v with_o one_o and_o he_o be_v go_v yet_o i_o obtain_v my_o end_n they_o common_o say_v he_o be_v frustrate_v of_o his_o end_n but_o not_o frustrate_v of_o finis_fw-la quatenus_fw-la finis_fw-la but_o quatenus_fw-la effectum_fw-la juno_n primo_fw-la aeneidos_fw-la connubii_fw-la finem_fw-la assumit_n cum_fw-la aeolo_fw-la deiopeiam_fw-la pollicetur_fw-la solatii_fw-la scilicet_fw-la prolisque_fw-la gratia_fw-la sunt_fw-la mihi_fw-la his_fw-la septem_fw-la praestanti_fw-la corpore_fw-la nymphae_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o juno_n persuade_v aeolus_n to_o let_v his_o wind_n out_o and_o she_o will_v give_v he_o one_o of_o her_o nymph_n which_o she_o press_v upon_o he_o by_o final_a cause_n first_o that_o she_o may_v spend_v all_o her_o year_n with_o he_o and_o second_o that_o she_o may_v make_v he_o the_o father_n of_o a_o fair_a offspring_n in_o defension_n ligarii_fw-la cicero_n tuberonem_fw-la accusatorem_fw-la urget_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la certe_fw-la ait_fw-la contra_fw-la ipsum_fw-la caesarem_fw-la est_fw-la congressus_fw-la armatus_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v tubero_n thou_o have_v thy_o sword_n draw_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o pharsalio_n thou_o do_v strike_v his_o side_n mark_v the_o variety_n of_o the_o phrase_n and_o so_o of_o the_o end_n what_o mean_v thy_o sword_n what_o be_v thy_o mind_n here_o be_v the_o propositum_fw-la what_o mean_v thou_o to_o have_v do_v even_o to_o have_v kill_v caesar_n so_o that_o the_o final_a cause_n be_v not_o accidental_a to_o the_o thing_n but_o even_o substantial_a and_o therefore_o we_o have_v it_o so_o often_o in_o the_o definition_n of_o art_n use_v for_o the_o form_n and_o that_o for_o this_o reason_n because_o it_o be_v the_o next_o argument_n to_o it_o and_o presuppose_v the_o form_n so_o that_o this_o be_v the_o use_n of_o the_o final_a cause_n in_o the_o definition_n of_o arts._n as_o dialectica_fw-la est_fw-la ars_fw-la bene_fw-la disserendi_fw-la here_o bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la be_v the_o end_n and_o it_o be_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v dialectica_fw-la have_v such_o a_o soul_n as_o that_o it_o be_v able_a to_o perform_v and_o execute_v this_o or_o that_o thing_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o end_n of_o all_o art_n i_o but_o what_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o general_n why_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o effect_n of_o all_o art_n answ_n but_o as_o every_o thing_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o end_n of_o it_o ergo_fw-la if_o a_o man_n will_v do_v any_o logicum_fw-la opus_fw-la he_o must_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o thus_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o doctrine_n
away_o the_o entity_n of_o the_o thing_n affirm_v uni_fw-la but_o we_o shall_v hear_v afterward_o that_o contraria_fw-la negantia_fw-la be_v nothing_o in_o themselves_o answ_n they_o be_v something_o gratia_fw-la entis_fw-la and_o our_o reason_n give_v something_o to_o it_o and_o apprehend_v it_o as_o some_o thing_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o contrary_a and_o here_o we_o may_v see_v the_o force_n of_o our_o reason_n that_o can_v make_v of_o nothing_o something_o now_o something_o be_v make_v of_o nothing_o divers_a way_n first_o by_o our_o reason_n second_o by_o our_o fancy_n or_o by_o the_o hallusination_n of_o the_o eye_n logic_n make_v only_o two_o kind_n of_o nothing_o the_o contradicent_fw-la and_o the_o privant_fw-la homo_fw-la be_v a_o contrary_a to_o brutum_fw-la but_o to_o leo_n and_o equus_fw-la he_o be_v a_o disparate_a because_o 〈◊〉_d be_v oppose_v to_o equus_fw-la in_o the_o same_o nature_n that_o he_o be_v oppose_v to_o leo._n contraria_fw-la sunt_fw-la affirmantia_fw-la vel_fw-la negantia_fw-la this_o distribution_n of_o contrary_n run_v on_o as_o the_o former_a do_v for_o as_o the_o least_o dissension_n begin_v first_o so_o we_o still_o proceed_v to_o the_o great_a now_o by_o affirmantia_fw-la and_o negantia_fw-la he_o mean_v thing_n positive_a or_o privative_a for_o there_o be_v either_o a_o thing_n oppose_v to_o a_o thing_n or_o a_o thing_n oppose_v to_o nothing_o and_o the_o fight_n between_o something_o and_o nothing_o be_v strong_a than_o the_o former_a for_o when_o one_o thing_n fight_v with_o another_o thing_n then_o let_v they_o fight_v as_o long_o as_o they_o will_v or_o can_v yet_o they_o leave_v something_o behind_o they_o but_o the_o other_o leave_v nothing_o at_o all_o so_o that_o contrary_n be_v where_o both_o be_v thing_n in_o nature_n or_o where_o the_o one_o be_v nothing_o and_o be_v call_v negantia_fw-la of_o the_o late_a part_n as_o the_o other_o be_v call_v of_o both_o part_n affirmantio_fw-la affirmantia_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v they_o be_v thing_n in_o nature_n or_o thing_n positive_a as_o a_o father_n a_o child_n etc._n etc._n affirmantia_n quorum_fw-la utrumque_fw-la affirmat_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o do_v not_o say_v affirmatur_fw-la but_o affirmat_fw-la because_o he_o will_v willing_o describe_v they_o from_o their_o act_n for_o he_o will_v deliver_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o argument_n ut_fw-la relata_fw-la &_o adversa_fw-la there_o be_v likewise_o among_o these_o a_o difference_n of_o contrariety_n for_o there_o be_v some_o affirmantia_fw-la that_o may_v be_v reconcile_v and_o â—â—â—e_a to_o agree_v there_o be_v some_o also_o that_o will_v 〈…〉_o â—gree_v but_o perpetuo_fw-la adversantur_fw-la the_o 〈◊〉_d if_o you_o set_v they_o face_n to_o face_n will_v be_v 〈…〉_o â—_z but_o set_v they_o back_o to_o back_n and_z 〈…〉_o be_v foe_n but_o set_v they_o adversa_fw-la how_o you_o 〈◊〉_d and_o they_o will_v be_v foe_n so_o than_o relate_v have_v not_o so_o strong_a a_o fight_n betwixt_o they_o as_o adversa_fw-la now_o they_o be_v call_v relate_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o certain_a reference_n they_o have_v one_o to_o another_o continual_o yea_o indeed_o they_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o reference_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o one_o relate_v be_v in_o his_o correlate_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o father_n relation_n be_v not_o in_o he_o but_o he_o receive_v his_o whole_a relative_a be_v from_o the_o correlate_n so_o that_o in_o divinity_n we_o know_v there_o be_v nothing_o add_v to_o the_o godhead_n by_o give_v to_o it_o the_o person_n mutual_o sunt_fw-la contra_fw-la here_o be_v one_o to_o one_o for_o though_o a_o father_n have_v many_o child_n yet_o the_o relation_n be_v but_o one_o namely_o betwixt_o fatherhood_n and_o son-hood_n and_o though_o many_o stand_v on_o the_o one_o side_n yet_o there_o be_v but_o one_o relation_n so_o in_o the_o high_a mystery_n of_o the_o trinity_n there_o be_v a_o double_a relation_n first_o between_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n second_o between_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n on_o the_o other_o side_n so_o when_o i_o say_v aristotle_n est_fw-la discipulus_fw-la platonis_fw-la these_o be_v relate_v yet_o when_o i_o say_v aristotle_n est_fw-la discipulus_fw-la this_o be_v subjectum_fw-la and_o adjunctum_fw-la so_o cousin_n and_o cousin_n be_v relate_v if_o we_o respect_v the_o relative_a quality_n and_o not_o the_o man_n now_o that_o term_n of_o relate_v be_v use_v confuse_o as_o we_o say_v he_o be_v his_o father_n mean_v his_o procreant_a cause_n quorum_fw-la alterum_fw-la constat_fw-la quorum_fw-la alterum_fw-la constat_fw-la e_fw-la mutua_fw-la etc._n etc._n constare_fw-la be_v to_o stand_v together_o of_o cause_n e_fw-la mutua_fw-la alterius_fw-la affectione_n so_o that_o these_o relate_v have_v not_o their_o cause_n from_o the_o thing_n in_o who_o they_o be_v but_o from_o their_o correlate_n as_o when_o i_o define_v a_o husband_n to_o be_v he_o that_o have_v a_o wife_n or_o a_o wife_n to_o be_v she_o that_o have_v a_o husband_n these_o be_v definition_n e_fw-la relatis_fw-la and_o so_o e_fw-la causis_fw-la but_o what_o cause_n do_v relate_v contain_v all_o the_o cause_n both_o efficient_a matter_n form_n and_o end_n e_o mutua_fw-la e_fw-la be_v a_o sign_n of_o the_o effect_n quod_fw-la e_fw-la causis_fw-la existit_fw-la so_o that_o this_o be_v their_o nature_n atque_fw-la inde_fw-la nominande_fw-la sunt_fw-la relata_fw-la they_o be_v call_v relate_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o reference_n they_o have_v one_o to_o another_o so_o that_o we_o may_v here_o see_v what_o relate_v be_v and_o how_o they_o belong_v hither_o they_o that_o think_v all_o argument_n be_v relate_v why_o they_o be_v so_o as_o the_o cause_n and_o effect_n etc._n etc._n but_o so_o i_o can_v call_v they_o species_n of_o argumentum_fw-la consentaneum_fw-la for_o here_o they_o be_v example_n ergo_fw-la low_a of_o all_o again_o if_o i_o say_v argumentum_fw-la est_fw-la artificiale_a aut_fw-la inartificiale_a and_o so_o go_v on_o think_v that_o all_o these_o be_v genera_fw-la to_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la i_o deceive_v myself_o as_o they_o be_v relate_v but_o if_o all_o argument_n shall_v be_v relate_v as_o the_o argument_n be_v teach_v in_o logic_n than_o all_o the_o example_n of_o all_o argument_n shall_v be_v relate_v as_o god_n and_o the_o world_n but_o when_o i_o make_v they_o relate_v i_o analyse_v logic_n even_o as_o i_o make_v the_o definition_n of_o dialectica_fw-la a_o example_n of_o definitio_fw-la so_o that_o as_o i_o say_v if_o relation_n be_v a_o common_a affection_n to_o all_o argument_n all_o example_n also_o shall_v be_v relate_v which_o they_o be_v not_o again_o if_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la be_v relate_v than_o they_o must_v be_v together_o for_o relate_v must_v be_v simul_fw-la natura_fw-la ergo_fw-la this_o be_v fallacia_fw-la accidentis_fw-la they_o think_v the_o word_n of_o art_n as_o they_o call_v they_o be_v relate_v ergo_fw-la the_o doctrine_n of_o relate_v must_v go_v general_o with_o all_o argument_n we_o know_v again_o that_o the_o cause_n efficient_a matter_n form_n and_o end_n and_o the_o effect_n be_v distinct_a thing_n and_o do_v not_o constare_fw-la e_fw-la mutua_fw-la alterius_fw-la affectione_n ergo_fw-la be_v not_o relate_v again_o causa_fw-la est_fw-la cujus_fw-la vi_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la and_o the_o effect_n quod_fw-la e_fw-la causis_fw-la existit_fw-la now_o each_o relate_v contain_v the_o efficient_a matter_n form_n and_o end_n of_o his_o fellow_n ergo_fw-la if_o they_o shall_v be_v teach_v general_o then_o in_o the_o efficient_a alone_o in_o the_o matter_n alone_o in_o the_o form_n alone_o and_o in_o the_o end_n alone_o there_o shall_v be_v all_o the_o cause_n some_o will_v have_v relate_v teach_v as_o consentanie_n argument_n because_o they_o do_v agree_v it_o be_v true_a but_o they_o do_v disagree_v also_o and_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v teach_v in_o consentany_n their_o dissentio_fw-la also_o shall_v be_v teach_v there_o or_o else_o they_o shall_v make_v a_o double_a doctrine_n of_o one_o thing_n and_o this_o kind_n of_o teach_v have_v be_v a_o posteriore_fw-la again_o where_o shall_v they_o have_v be_v teach_v they_o be_v mutual_a cause_n ergo_fw-la not_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la but_o both_o cause_n and_o effect_n again_o the_o doctrine_n of_o causa_fw-la efficiens_fw-la materia_fw-la forma_fw-la and_o finis_fw-la be_v distinct_a here_o they_o be_v confound_v together_o in_o one_o now_o the_o aristotelian_o have_v a_o predicament_n of_o relate_v and_o have_v also_o their_o series_n but_o their_o gradus_fw-la of_o they_o will_v not_o stand_v for_o relate_v have_v no_o species_n but_o be_v low_a save_o only_a example_n and_o they_o go_v clean_o out_o and_o say_v relate_v be_v of_o this_o nature_n or_o that_o nature_n as_o if_o they_o shall_v say_v relate_v who_o species_n be_v in_o this_o art_n or_o in_o that_o art_n as_o in_o oeconomie_n in_o a_o family_n they_o be_v free_a or_o bind_v free_a
give_v the_o thing_n a_o name_n arise_v from_o some_o property_n in_o it_o so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o common_a to_o other_o thing_n neither_o be_v the_o name_n and_o the_o thing_n the_o same_o as_o we_o hear_v in_o conjugate_v justitia_fw-la iustùs_fw-la and_o just_a be_v the_o same_o only_o they_o be_v deliver_v diverse_o est_fw-la nominis_fw-la interpretatio_fw-la that_o be_v not_o the_o lay_v out_o of_o the_o name_n but_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n so_o that_o the_o argument_n argue_v be_v nomen_fw-la and_o notatio_fw-la nominis_fw-la notatio_fw-la be_v after_o conjugata_fw-la because_o it_o arise_v from_o dissentany_n also_o and_o comparat_n whereas_o conjugate_v arise_v only_o from_o consentany_n nomina_fw-la siquidem_fw-la sunt_fw-la nota_fw-la rerum_fw-la so_o say_v our_o grammar_n vox_fw-la est_fw-la nota_fw-la qua_fw-la unumquodque_fw-la voco_fw-la now_o as_o there_o be_v nomina_fw-la so_o ratio_fw-la reddi_fw-la potest_fw-la si_fw-la vera_fw-la notatione_n fiant_fw-la the_o denomination_n come_v from_o something_o as_o homo_fw-la ab_fw-la humo_fw-la for_o as_o humus_fw-la signify_v the_o earth_n so_o homo_fw-la name_v not_o man_n earthy_a but_o it_o be_v a_o new_a name_n draw_v from_o humus_fw-la so_o terra_fw-la be_v call_v vesta_fw-mi a_o vi_fw-la stando_fw-la and_o fire_n be_v call_v focus_n a_o fovendo_fw-la cicero_n 4._o in_o verrem_fw-la o_o verrea_n plaeclara_fw-la quo_fw-la enim_fw-la accessisti_fw-la quo_fw-la non_fw-la attuleris_fw-la tecum_fw-la istum_fw-la diem_fw-la etenim_fw-la quam_fw-la tu_fw-la domum_fw-la quam_fw-la urbem_fw-la adiisti_fw-la quod_fw-la favum_fw-la denique_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la eversum_fw-la atquâ—_n extersum_fw-la reliquiris_n etc._n etc._n they_o make_v a_o holy_a day_n in_o sicily_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o my_o lord_n boar-pig_n now_o he_o be_v a_o sweepstake_n ergo_fw-la his_o holy_a day_n be_v name_v of_o his_o manner_n verres_n a_o verendo_fw-la because_o he_o sweep_v all_o where_o he_o come_v ovid_n 1_o fastorum_fw-la prima_fw-la dies_fw-la tibi_fw-la carna_n datur_fw-la dea_fw-la cardinis_fw-la hac_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n carna_n be_v so_o call_v quasi_fw-la dea_fw-la cardinis_fw-la because_o she_o be_v conversant_a about_o door_n and_o hinge_n tu_fw-la conjugis_fw-la bonae_fw-la foeminae_fw-la locupletis_fw-la quidem_fw-la cert_n bambalio_n quidem_fw-la pater_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o bambalio_n be_v so_o call_v because_o he_o use_v to_o stammer_v and_o stutter_v in_o his_o speech_n exit_fw-la dissentaneis_fw-la autem_fw-la est_fw-la notatio_fw-la ut_fw-la lucus_n quia_fw-la umbra_fw-la opacus_fw-la parum_fw-la luceat_fw-la &_o ludus_fw-la qui_fw-la est_fw-la longissime_fw-la à _fw-la lusu_fw-la &_o dis_n quia_fw-la minime_fw-la dive_v et_fw-la comparatio_fw-la autem_fw-la est_fw-la notatio_fw-la ut_fw-la pyropus_fw-la quod_fw-la flammam_fw-la ignis_fw-la imittitur_fw-la est_fw-la vero_fw-la ut_fw-la notationi_fw-la ad_fw-la suum_fw-la nomen_fw-la sic_fw-la nomini_fw-la ad_fw-la notationem_fw-la sva_fw-la affectio_fw-la ramus_n do_v commorari_fw-la here_o and_o show_v how_o the_o name_n may_v argue_v the_o notation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o notation_n may_v the_o name_n though_o that_o be_v not_o so_o common_a as_o animi_fw-la plenus_fw-la ergo_fw-la animosus_fw-la et_fw-la contra_fw-la and_o thus_o we_o have_v hear_v how_o nomina_fw-la belong_v to_o logic_n chap._n xxv_o de_fw-fr distributione_n reliquum_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la ortis_fw-la aliunde_fw-la argumentis_fw-la argumentum_fw-la distributionis_fw-la &_o definitionis_fw-la now_o we_o come_v to_o second_o orta_fw-la which_o arise_v manifold_o from_o more_o argument_n and_o this_o he_o desire_v to_o deliver_v unto_o we_o when_o he_o say_v distributio_fw-la and_o definitio_fw-la now_o distributio_fw-la must_v come_v after_o conjugata_fw-la &_o notatio_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o his_o double_a arise_v then_o again_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o after_o we_o have_v see_v the_o first_o argument_n in_o thing_n that_o we_o next_o name_v they_o from_o some_o thing_n in_o they_o and_o then_o that_o we_o see_v a_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v common_a with_o another_o and_o again_o when_o we_o see_v the_o distribution_n of_o it_o into_o his_o part_n we_o may_v soon_o see_v the_o limit_n of_o it_o and_o how_o far_o it_o reach_v and_o so_o give_v testimony_n thereof_o now_o a_o distribution_n do_v arise_v from_o any_o consentany_a argument_n or_o common_a because_o that_o a_o cause_n may_v be_v common_a to_o more_o effect_n &_o contra_fw-la and_o a_o subject_n to_o more_o adjunct_n &_o contra_fw-la hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o a_o thing_n may_v be_v distribute_v a_o common_a cause_n into_o special_a effect_n aut_fw-la contra_fw-la a_o common_a subject_n into_o special_a adjunct_n &_o contra_fw-la and_o this_o we_o see_v to_o be_v very_o true_a in_o nature_n by_o many_o example_n so_o that_o distributio_fw-la be_v nothing_o but_o take_v a_o common_a cause_n or_o subject_n &_o divide_v it_o into_o special_a effect_n or_o adjunct_n aut_fw-la contra_fw-la reliquum_fw-la est_fw-la &c_n &c_n this_o be_v a_o imperfect_a transition_n and_o indeed_o contain_v a_o distribution_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v ortum_fw-la be_v reliquum_fw-la or_o primum_fw-la a_o distribution_n be_v from_o common_a cause_n and_o a_o special_a cause_n and_o that_o be_v perfect_a or_o from_o some_o conflux_n of_o other_o argument_n which_o the_o school_n call_v property_n and_o that_o be_v descriptio_fw-la in_o qua_fw-la utraque_fw-la pars_fw-la affectio_fw-la reciprocationis_fw-la est_fw-la that_o be_v this_o be_v a_o property_n to_o they_o now_o he_o say_v affectio_fw-la because_o argumentum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la affectum_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la arguendum_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v these_o argument_n be_v affect_v to_o argue_v with_o a_o mutual_a receive_n of_o themselves_o as_o the_o whole_a contain_v just_a as_o much_o as_o the_o part_n et_fw-la contra_fw-la the_o definition_n as_o the_o definite_a et_fw-la contra_fw-la so_o that_o this_o reciprocation_n for_o all_o the_o world_n be_v like_a unto_o two_o juggler_n pot_n where_o the_o one_o will_v hold_v just_a as_o much_o water_n as_o the_o other_o and_o neither_o more_o nor_o less_o so_o than_o the_o whole_a be_v not_o the_o part_n nor_o the_o definitum_fw-la the_o dâ—finitio_fw-la only_o there_o be_v this_o mutual_a affection_n of_o reciprocation_n betwixt_o they_o that_o be_v they_o have_v that_o affection_n as_o that_o the_o part_n simul_fw-la sumptae_fw-la will_v reach_v no_o further_o than_o the_o totum_fw-la aut_fw-la contra_fw-la the_o definition_n than_o the_o definite_a aut_fw-la contra_fw-la as_o when_o i_o say_v a_o man_n be_v sick_a or_o well_o here_o the_o part_n may_v agree_v to_o other_o thing_n than_o to_o man_n answer_n true_o but_o we_o must_v understand_v it_o as_o if_o it_o be_v say_v homo_fw-la be_v either_o homo_fw-la aeger_fw-la or_o homo_fw-la sanus_fw-la now_o this_o reciprocation_n in_o a_o distribution_n be_v of_o all_o the_o part_n together_o with_o the_o whole_a distributio_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la totum_fw-la in_o part_n distribuitur_fw-la have_v show_v the_o general_a affection_n he_o now_o come_v to_o tell_v what_o distribution_n be_v it_o be_v call_v distribution_n in_o the_o active_a signification_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o part_n now_o distribution_n be_v the_o categoria_fw-la and_o the_o part_n and_o the_o whole_a be_v the_o categoremata_fw-la cum_fw-la totum_fw-la in_o part_n distribuitur_fw-la here_o be_v first_o a_o totum_fw-la which_o show_v that_o it_o be_v always_o some_o common_a thing_n and_o the_o part_n be_v special_a thing_n contain_v in_o the_o whole_a so_o that_o that_o which_o be_v new_a here_o common_a as_o a_o common_a cause_n a_o common_a effect_n subject_n or_o adjunct_n etc._n etc._n and_o here_o this_o common_a be_v call_v a_o totum_fw-la as_o it_o contain_v the_o part_n than_o again_o this_o distribution_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o pull_v the_o part_n in_o piece_n and_o not_o a_o join_n or_o gather_v of_o they_o together_o though_o iuductio_fw-la be_v a_o inversa_fw-la distributio_fw-la but_o he_o rather_o use_v this_o word_n distributio_fw-la because_o it_o be_v more_o general_a and_o more_o in_o use_n and_o the_o argue_v from_o the_o whole_a to_o the_o part_n be_v more_o in_o use_n than_o contra_fw-la totum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la continet_fw-la part_n it_o be_v that_o which_o hold_v together_o the_o part_n continet_fw-la because_o all_o the_o part_n be_v in_o the_o whole_a as_o in_o one_o as_o be_v the_o common_a head_n wherein_o they_o be_v pars_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la continetur_fw-la à _fw-la toto_fw-la for_o the_o container_n be_v the_o totum_fw-la and_o the_o part_n the_o contain_v so_o that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o distributio_fw-la be_v but_o to_o teach_v we_o how_o to_o range_v and_o carry_v every_o thing_n to_o his_o home_n it_o be_v a_o great_a question_n among_o the_o physician_n whether_o a_o wen_n be_v a_o part_n of_o a_o man_n body_n or_o no._n answer_n it_o be_v morbus_fw-la ergo_fw-la no_o part_n it_o be_v in_o toto_fw-la but_o not_o contain_v à _fw-fr toto_fw-la for_o the_o whole_a contain_v the_o member_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o form_n if_o we_o speak_v of_o integrum_fw-la but_o the_o form_n reach_v
the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o every_o genus_fw-la above_o he_o ergo_fw-la it_o be_v universale_fw-la in_o this_o respect_n have_v his_o peculiar_a form_n add_v to_o they_o naturam_fw-la here_o we_o may_v see_v what_o nature_n be_v in_o thing_n proper_o some_o make_v the_o form_n only_o to_o be_v nature_n some_o the_o matter_n only_o and_o some_o both_o form_n and_o matter_n here_o we_o see_v the_o essence_n and_o nature_n be_v all_o one_o in_o the_o first_o signification_n natura_fw-la signify_v res_fw-la nata_fw-la second_o it_o signify_v res_fw-la underes_fw-la nata_fw-la est_fw-la that_o be_v the_o cause_n so_o that_o here_o know_v that_o the_o cause_n be_v put_v all_o thing_n attend_v they_o follow_v for_o so_o natura_fw-la be_v take_v for_o the_o property_n of_o a_o thing_n e_z qui_fw-fr that_fw-mi formam_fw-la that_fw-mi formam_fw-la consequentiam_fw-la so_o that_o a_o perfect_a definition_n do_v deliver_v whatsoever_o come_v within_o the_o mame_n of_o nature_n tale_n definitiones_fw-la sunt_fw-la artium_fw-la no_o not_o tale_n if_o we_o shall_v exact_o try_v they_o by_o this_o rule_n but_o they_o be_v the_o best_a example_n now_o arse_n be_v not_o the_o next_o genus_fw-la to_o grammar_n neither_o be_v be_v loqui_fw-la the_o form_n but_o the_o end_n of_o grammar_n but_o he_o tell_v we_o hereby_o that_o there_o be_v a_o soul_n of_o grammar_n which_o be_v in_o every_o rule_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o simular_a part_n of_o the_o art_n tend_v to_o this_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d bene_fw-la loqui_fw-la chap._n xxxi_o de_fw-fr descriptiono_fw-la descriptio_fw-la est_fw-la definitio_fw-la ex_fw-la alliis_fw-la etiam_fw-la argumentis_fw-la rem_fw-la definiens_fw-la this_o we_o hear_v to_o be_v general_o call_v definitio_fw-la so_o that_o it_o do_v quodam_fw-la modo_fw-la definire_fw-la but_o as_o definitio_fw-la in_o general_a before_o be_v a_o trope_n so_o descriptio_fw-la be_v not_o a_o definition_n but_o as_o it_o do_v explicate_v quid_fw-la res_fw-la sit_fw-la not_o definiendo_fw-la from_o the_o essence_n but_o describendo_fw-la from_o the_o quantity_n so_o that_o the_o definitio_fw-la lay_v out_o the_o flesh_n bone_n etc._n etc._n and_o descriptio_fw-la lay_v out_o the_o compliment_n the_o definition_n be_v internal_a the_o description_n be_v but_o external_a limit_v the_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v with_o chalk_n the_o description_n may_v be_v compare_v to_o the_o carpenter_n chalk_v the_o definition_n to_o the_o thing_n chalk_v and_o by_o how_o much_o the_o thing_n itself_o lay_v out_o the_o quiddity_n of_o it_o better_o than_o the_o chalk_n do_v by_o so_o much_o be_v a_o perfect_a definition_n more_o excellent_a than_o a_o description_n so_o that_o here_o remember_v that_o howbeit_o a_o description_n can_v see_v the_o argument_n lay_v out_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o thing_n yet_o the_o intendment_n of_o it_o be_v to_o do_v it_o est_fw-la definitio_fw-la that_o be_v rem_fw-la definiens_fw-la that_o be_v quidditatem_fw-la rei_fw-la explicans_fw-la exit_fw-la aliis_fw-la etiam_fw-la argumentis_fw-la that_o be_v other_o beside_o the_o causis_fw-la so_o that_o a_o description_n must_v have_v a_o genus_fw-la with_o it_o if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o genus_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la that_o have_v no_o genus_fw-la again_o he_o say_v ex_fw-la aliis_fw-la not_o tell_v we_o which_o because_o any_o of_o the_o argument_n a_o forego_n may_v go_v into_o it_o even_o a_o distribution_n yea_o a_o testimonony_n also_o as_o we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o descrption_n of_o fama_fw-la so_o that_o it_o may_v arise_v from_o in_o artificial_o yet_o must_v it_o not_o be_v teach_v after_o they_o because_o artificial_o must_v have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o inartificial_o atque_fw-la haec_fw-la succincta_fw-la brevitas_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la specie_fw-la perpetua_fw-la sed_fw-la saepe_fw-la illustriorem_fw-la &_o magnificentiorem_fw-la explicationem_fw-la desiderat_fw-la our_o author_n do_v commorari_fw-la upon_o the_o use_n of_o a_o description_n show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o always_o so_o brief_a as_o before_o but_o sometime_o we_o shall_v lay_v it_o out_o in_o all_o the_o simples_n in_o the_o thing_n sed_fw-la saepè_fw-la illustriorem_fw-la &_o magnificentiorem_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v when_o we_o deliver_v thing_n that_o be_v magis_fw-la illustriora_fw-la et_fw-la magnificentiora_fw-la it_o be_v requisite_a we_o shall_v lay_v they_o out_o more_o at_o large_a than_o those_o that_o be_v of_o less_o moment_n sic_fw-la gloria_fw-la describitur_fw-la in_o miloniaena_fw-la sed_fw-la tamen_fw-la ex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la praemiis_fw-la virtutis_fw-la si_fw-la esset_fw-la habenda_fw-la ratio_fw-la praemiorum_fw-la amplissimum_fw-la esse_fw-la praemium_fw-la gloriam_fw-la etc._n etc._n glory_n be_v argue_v from_o his_o genus_fw-la praemium_fw-la praemium_fw-la from_o his_o subject_n virtus_fw-la then_o à _fw-la comparatis_fw-la amplissimum_fw-la last_o ab_fw-la effectis_fw-la sic_fw-la 4._o aeneid_n fama_fw-la discribitur_fw-la extemplo_fw-la libyae_n magnas_fw-la ut_fw-la fama_fw-la per_fw-la urbes_fw-la fama_fw-la malum_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la aliud_fw-la velocius_fw-la ullum_fw-la etc._n etc._n fama_fw-la be_v the_o aliquid_fw-la argue_v by_o her_o effect_n of_o go_v than_o the_o subject_n of_o place_n urbes_fw-la and_o magnas_fw-la a_o adjunct_n to_o urbes_fw-la urbes_fw-la libya_n the_o integrum_fw-la extemplo_fw-la a_o adjunct_n of_o time_n malum_fw-la a_o genus_fw-la and_o malum_fw-la be_v argue_v by_o a_o adjunct_n swiftness_n à _fw-la minore_fw-la monstrum_fw-la another_o genus_fw-la horrendum_fw-la a_o adjunct_n mirabile_fw-la dictu_fw-la a_o testimony_n nec_fw-la dulci_fw-la declinat_fw-la somno_fw-la a_o disparate_a tale_n sunt_fw-la descriptiones_fw-la plantarum_fw-la animalium_fw-la in_o physicis_fw-la item_n fluminum_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v when_o we_o lie_v out_o their_o whole_a quiddity_n at_o large_a and_o thus_o have_v we_o see_v all_o the_o artificial_a argument_n that_o be_v in_o any_o thing_n and_o so_o have_v see_v the_o thing_n both_o within_o and_o without_o last_o we_o shall_v hear_v that_o have_v see_v all_o in_o a_o thing_n that_o we_o have_v hear_v before_o then_o may_v we_o safe_o give_v testimony_n of_o it_o as_o we_o see_v occasion_n and_o not_o before_o chap._n xxxii_o de_fw-fr testimonio_fw-la divino_fw-la exposito_fw-la artificiali_fw-la argumento_fw-la sequitur_fw-la inartificiale_a argumentum_fw-la inartificiale_a est_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la suae_fw-la natura_fw-la sed_fw-la assumpta_fw-la artificialis_fw-la alicujus_fw-la argumenti_fw-la vi_fw-la arguit_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v of_o artificial_a argument_n and_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o that_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o artificio_fw-la of_o any_o thing_n but_o we_o have_v hear_v it_o so_o that_o if_o we_o look_v at_o any_o of_o the_o creature_n of_o god_n to_o see_v the_o root_n the_o cause_n of_o it_o and_o then_o the_o whole_a circumference_n and_o limitation_n thereof_o we_o may_v by_o these_o argument_n teach_v before_o see_v it_o thorough_o now_o whereas_o one_o man_n can_v see_v all_o thing_n though_o at_o the_o first_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v for_o one_o man_n the_o lord_n have_v in_o wisdom_n ordain_v that_o we_o shall_v receive_v something_n by_o report_n from_o other_o for_o as_o the_o world_n be_v to_o increase_v both_o in_o man_n and_o other_o creature_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o one_o man_n shall_v see_v all_o thing_n intus_fw-la &_o incute_fw-la so_o that_o whereas_o at_o the_o beginning_n all_o thing_n be_v make_v for_o one_o man_n and_o he_o afterward_o can_v not_o see_v they_o yet_o still_o it_o be_v so_o far_o forth_o true_a while_o all_o man_n see_v all_o thing_n it_o be_v call_v inartificiale_a for_o the_o contrary_a reason_n that_o artificiale_a be_v so_o call_v namely_o of_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n whereas_o this_o be_v not_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n but_o externè_fw-la altogether_o so_o that_o we_o may_v see_v his_o force_n by_o this_o have_v no_o far_a to_o do_v with_o the_o thing_n then_o only_o by_o witness_v of_o it_o exposito_fw-la artificiali_fw-la argumento_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o transition_n contain_v the_o conclusion_n of_o all_o that_o go_v before_o and_o the_o proposition_n of_o that_o which_o follow_v and_o here_o again_o we_o may_v see_v how_o artificial_a argument_n go_v before_o inartificial_o because_o inartificiall_a argument_n have_v no_o ground_n but_o as_o they_o be_v back_v with_o artificial_o and_o this_o doctrine_n we_o may_v see_v to_o be_v true_a by_o the_o practice_n of_o common_a people_n for_o if_o a_o man_n give_v testimony_n of_o that_o he_o know_v not_o other_o will_v say_v he_o do_v he_o know_v not_o what_o for_o as_o no_o man_n can_v give_v testimony_n of_o that_o he_o know_v not_o so_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o receive_v a_o testimony_n but_o as_o it_o be_v back_v with_o artificial_o otherwise_o he_o know_v not_o the_o thing_n sufficient_o as_o he_o shall_v and_o if_o he_o first_o hear_v a_o testimony_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o afterward_o come_v to_o see_v the_o thing_n he_o will_v then_o say_v he_o know_v it_o not_o because_o one_o testify_v so_o much_o but_o because_o himself_o see_v it_o to_o be_v so_o it_o
though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o tongue_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n till_o the_o destruction_n of_o babel_n yet_o in_o god_n decree_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v eternal_a and_o so_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o speech_n and_o they_o be_v in_o the_o eternal_a notion_n of_o god_n again_o their_o word_n do_v vary_v continual_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o eternal_a for_o if_o one_o that_o die_v 500_o year_n ago_o be_v now_o alive_a and_o shall_v speak_v we_o can_v not_o understand_v he_o answ_n though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o word_n by_o reason_n of_o many_o sound_n do_v daily_o change_v yet_o the_o rule_n be_v eternal_a though_o they_o be_v not_o speak_v from_o eternal_a yet_o the_o variety_n of_o speech_n do_v not_o change_v the_o rule_n of_o grammar_n as_o in_o reason_n this_o axiom_n homo_fw-la est_fw-la animal_n be_v true_a before_o homo_fw-la be_v and_o will_v be_v for_o ever_o so_o in_o grammar_n be_v the_o rule_n eternal_a as_o likewise_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o generation_n and_o corruption_n eternal_a and_o ever_o true_a and_o the_o same_o though_o man_n daily_o be_v generate_v and_o corrupt_v so_o be_v grammar_n rule_v external_a though_o etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v because_o god_n will_v show_v his_o mighty_a power_n and_o wisdom_n that_o there_o be_v as_o many_o several_a grammar_n as_o there_o be_v several_a age_n and_o more_o too_o and_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o wonderful_a under_o heaven_n then_o to_o consider_v the_o great_a variety_n oâ—â—â—ands_n and_o colour_n and_o complexion_n of_o thing_n which_o all_o be_v from_o their_o contrary_a form_n ars._n in_o latin_a some_o think_v the_o word_n come_v from_o artus_fw-la a_o sâ—new_n other_o of_o arx_fw-la a_o tower_n ab_fw-la arcendo_fw-la and_o both_o wâ—ll_n well_o agree_v to_o our_o purpose_n for_o artus_fw-la a_o sinew_n we_o know_v the_o strength_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o have_v sinew_n liâ—th_o in_o they_o yet_o they_o be_v strong_a than_o the_o bone_n for_o the_o bone_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o hardness_n will_v break_v whereas_o sinew_n will_v rather_o give_v back_o and_o bend_v and_o be_v more_o tough_a so_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n be_v most_o strong_a anâ—_n sinewy_a if_o we_o derive_v the_o word_n from_o arx_fw-la a_o tower_n it_o my_o be_v very_o well_o so_o for_o as_o there_o be_v both_o great_a strength_n and_o much_o beauty_n both_o in_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n so_o the_o rule_n of_o grammar_n be_v most_o strong_a and_o make_v a_o most_o sweet_a harmony_n generalis_fw-la because_o though_o it_o be_v not_o everywhere_o as_o logic_n be_v yet_o it_o may_v be_v now_o logic_n be_v everywhere_o because_o every_o thing_n be_v make_v for_o man_n therefore_o he_o must_v have_v a_o eye_n to_o see_v every_o thing_n for_o otherwise_o he_o can_v not_o use_v they_o aright_o but_o grammar_n because_o when_o i_o see_v a_o thing_n by_o logic_n i_o may_v keep_v it_o to_o myself_o therefore_o it_o be_v general_a only_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d secundùm_fw-la quid_fw-la therefore_o it_o be_v teach_v after_o logic_n again_o wheresoever_o there_o be_v grammar_n there_o be_v also_o logic_n where_o there_o be_v logic_n there_o be_v not_o always_o grammar_n for_o logic_n may_v be_v only_o in_o ment_fw-la therefore_o it_o be_v more_o general_a orationis_fw-la this_o general_a art_n of_o speech_n be_v twofold_a both_o grammar_n and_o rhetoric_n but_o the_o difference_n be_v this_o that_o grammar_n carry_v the_o matter_n in_o a_o budget_n neither_o too_o big_a nor_o too_o little_a like_o one_o of_o these_o irishman_n with_o breeches_n without_o pocket_n rhetorica_n carry_v it_o in_o a_o fine_a bag_n full_a of_o lace_n yet_o not_o altogether_o full_a for_o there_o be_v more_o word_n than_o matter_n therefore_o both_o grammar_n rhetoric_n and_o poetry_n be_v all_o equal_o general_a for_o subject_n but_o not_o for_o use_v for_o grammar_n use_n be_v before_o the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o may_v be_v without_o they_o even_o as_o a_o garment_n may_v be_v without_o a_o lace_n or_o jag_n but_o here_o by_o the_o way_n because_o these_o be_v general_a art_n therefore_o they_o have_v no_o proper_a subject_n but_o their_o use_n may_v be_v everywhere_o and_o therefore_o keckerman_n whilst_o he_o make_v rhetoric_n a_o special_a art_n tell_v i_o he_o never_o know_v the_o right_a distribution_n of_o the_o art_n for_o it_o be_v the_o art_n of_o speech_n and_o that_o may_v be_v everywhere_o therefore_o rhetoric_n be_v general_a and_o may_v be_v use_v in_o any_o thing_n therefore_o trope_n upon_o due_a consideration_n may_v be_v use_v in_o any_o art_n now_o if_o it_o be_v demand_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o use_v grammar_n or_o rhetoric_n in_o teach_v of_o child_n i_o answ_n grammar_n be_v better_a 1._o because_o it_o be_v more_o general_a than_o rhetoric_n 2._o because_o it_o keep_v we_o more_o close_o to_o the_o matter_n which_o be_v a_o very_a good_a thing_n in_o teach_v yet_o not_o withstand_v sometime_o rhetoric_n be_v better_a because_o it_o deliver_v the_o proper_a word_n together_o with_o some_o sweetness_n for_o trope_n do_v arise_v from_o some_o argument_n in_o logic_n so_o that_o we_o can_v condemn_v rhetoric_n neither_o be_v it_o possible_a we_o shall_v always_o use_v grammar_n see_v there_o be_v many_o more_o thing_n then_o proper_a name_n for_o god_n make_v all_o thing_n and_o man_n be_v to_o name_v they_o and_o have_v not_o name_n sufficient_a for_o they_o therefore_o for_o want_v of_o word_n give_v the_o same_o name_n to_o divers_a thing_n by_o trope_n and_o therefore_o talaeus_n say_v necessitas_fw-la tropum_fw-la genuit_fw-la yet_o at_o the_o beginning_n one_o thing_n have_v but_o one_o name_n but_o afterward_o the_o same_o word_n come_v to_o signify_v many_o thing_n as_o we_o see_v in_o hebrew_n where_o one_o word_n signify_v twenty_o thing_n and_o but_o one_o proper_o and_o grammatical_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n tropical_o and_o i_o find_v that_o word_n be_v use_v improper_o these_o way_n first_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o trope_n second_o when_o we_o deliver_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o divers_a language_n there_o they_o use_v divers_a phrase_n which_o must_v be_v compare_v together_o as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v good_a in_o greek_a in_o latin_a it_o be_v to_o make_v child_n which_o be_v not_o usual_a now_o if_o you_o will_v know_v whether_o be_v better_a bring_v they_o to_o logic_n and_o there_o see_v which_o phrase_n be_v more_o special_a that_o be_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o make_v it_o general_a to_o the_o efficient_a cause_n in_o general_n to_o beget_v or_o procreate_v child_n be_v proper_a to_o the_o first_o modus_fw-la of_o the_o efficient_a therefore_o it_o be_v the_o better_a phrase_n so_o vaccas_fw-la agere_fw-la in_o english_a be_v to_o drive_v kine_n though_o they_o say_v in_o some_o part_n do_v the_o kine_n into_o the_o field_n and_o there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o trope_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o phrase_n therefore_o one_o that_o teach_v young_a scholar_n must_v have_v a_o special_a care_n that_o first_o his_o scholar_n knwo_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o then_o the_o name_n of_o it_o which_o stand_v by_o this_o rule_n uâ—x_fw-la est_fw-la nota_fw-la quâ_fw-la unumquodque_fw-la voco_fw-la and_o by_o this_o mean_v we_o shall_v teach_v they_o first_o what_o every_o word_n signify_v in_o propriety_n and_o then_o the_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v name_v in_o other_o tongue_n and_o then_o the_o phrase_n and_o then_o compare_v one_o phrase_n with_o another_o and_o thus_o by_o the_o way_n we_o shall_v estimate_v which_o phrase_n in_o every_o language_n stand_v with_o best_a reason_n as_o that_o of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o english_a to_o beget_v child_n where_o to_o beget_v be_v peculiar_a to_o nature_n and_o belong_v to_o those_o thing_n which_o have_v only_o a_o vegetative_a life_n and_o therefore_o our_o english_a phrase_n be_v better_a so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v to_o put_v to_o the_o hand_n and_o in_o latin_a be_v agree_v to_o put_v to_o the_o foot_n or_o to_o go_v to_o which_o be_v more_o general_a therefore_o the_o greek_a phrase_n be_v better_a so_o in_o english_a we_o say_v to_o go_v to_o and_o to_o go_v in_o hand_n with_o which_o phrase_n neither_o the_o greek_n nor_o the_o latin_n have_v it_o be_v a_o metaphor_n fetch_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o hand_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a organ_n of_o motion_n &_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o shall_v say_v put_v our_o hand_n to_o &_o this_o be_v more_o special_a so_o that_o bring_v they_o to_o logic_n and_o â—here_o you_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o judge_v which_o phrase_n in_o every_o language_n be_v best_a and_o so_o consequent_o which_o tongue_n be_v best_a and_o this_o way_n i_o can_v prove_v our_o english_a
indeed_o reason_n first_o see_v both_o itself_o and_o the_o other_o arts._n ens_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la now_o have_v find_v that_o ens_fw-la be_v it_o be_v requisite_a that_o we_o shall_v know_v what_o it_o be_v and_o i_o say_v ens_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la if_o we_o shall_v look_v at_o the_o grammatical_a notation_n of_o ens_fw-la it_o be_v a_o participle_n of_o the_o present_a tense_n and_o therefore_o be_v as_o much_o as_o quod_fw-la est_fw-la even_o as_o legens_fw-la and_o qui_fw-la or_o quae_fw-la legit_fw-la be_v the_o same_o or_o as_o in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d verberans_fw-la or_o qui_fw-la verberat_fw-la be_v all_o one_o and_o that_o the_o very_a particle_n do_v show_v for_o if_o it_o be_v of_o the_o present_a tense_n it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o verb_n of_o the_o present_a tense_n so_o that_o ens_fw-la and_o quod_fw-la est_fw-la be_v the_o same_o again_o if_o there_o be_v ens_fw-la as_o we_o have_v already_o prove_v then_o vel_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la vel_fw-la non_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la vel_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la at_o neque_fw-la non_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la nec_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la ergo_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la for_o when_o i_o say_v non_fw-fr quod_fw-la est_fw-la than_o i_o put_v ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la impossibile_fw-it ergo_fw-la this_o can_n no_o way_n be_v ens_fw-la no_o not_o in_o our_o fantasy_n when_o i_o say_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la than_o i_o put_v ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la impossibile_fw-it and_o to_o that_o i_o give_v a_o quod_fw-la but_o non_fw-la est_fw-la so_o that_o in_o the_o end_n i_o say_v ens_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la that_o be_v neither_o ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la possibile_fw-la or_o ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la impossibile_fw-it and_o therefore_o if_o we_o will_v define_v ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la impossibile_fw-it it_o be_v non_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la if_o we_o define_v ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la possibile_fw-la it_o be_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la now_o if_o neither_o ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la possibile_fw-la nor_o ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la impossibile_fw-it be_fw-mi entia_fw-la then_o ens_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la and_o again_o when_o i_o deny_v non_fw-fr quod_fw-la est_fw-la i_o deny_v est_fw-fr and_o when_o i_o deny_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la i_o deny_v est_fw-fr ergo_fw-la ens_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la again_o ens_fw-la and_o bonum_fw-la be_v all_o one_o therefore_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la and_o malum_fw-la be_v all_o go_v therefore_o scion_n non_fw-la sit_fw-la than_o it_o be_v bonum_fw-la and_o malum_fw-la ergoens_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la ens_fw-la est_fw-la primum_fw-la vel_fw-la a_o primo_fw-la if_o ens_fw-la be_v it_o must_v be_v either_o first_o absolute_o which_o be_v not_o from_o another_o or_o it_o must_v be_v from_o a_o first_o that_o be_v from_o another_o which_o be_v not_o from_o another_o again_o contradiction_n show_v it_o for_o it_o be_v as_o if_o i_o shall_v say_v ens_fw-la be_v non_fw-la aliunde_fw-la or_o aliunde_fw-la that_o be_v it_o be_v of_o itself_o or_o not_o of_o itself_o and_o this_o be_v contradiction_n but_o objection_n may_v be_v make_v that_o in_o the_o continual_a generation_n of_o thing_n one_o thing_n be_v before_o another_o as_o my_o father_n beget_v i_o and_o another_o beget_v my_o father_n and_o so_o in_o infinitum_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o ens_fw-la shall_v be_v absolute_o first_o or_o from_o a_o first_o answ_n this_o be_v nothing_o for_o be_o i_o from_o my_o father_n this_o than_o he_o be_v before_o i_o be_v and_o i_o be_o after_o he_o ergo_fw-la here_o be_v prius_fw-la and_o posterius_fw-la therefore_o here_o can_v be_v eternity_n ergo_fw-la this_o ens_fw-la be_v not_o eternal_a again_o be_v not_o my_o father_n case_n as_o well_o as_o i_o to_o be_v from_o another_o and_o so_o all_o man_n till_o they_o come_v to_o ens_fw-la primum_fw-la yes_o ergo_fw-la all_o man_n be_v from_o other_o till_o we_o come_v to_o this_o first_o absolute_a be_v which_o be_v not_o from_o any_o other_o for_o than_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v primum_fw-la ergo_fw-la ens_fw-la est_fw-la primum_fw-la vel_fw-la a_o primo_fw-la ens_fw-la absolute_a primum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la seipso_fw-la first_o if_o there_o be_v ens_fw-la primum_fw-la or_o a_o primo_fw-la there_o must_v be_v ens_fw-la primum_fw-la of_o necessity_n for_o if_o there_o be_v ens_fw-la primum_fw-la you_o grant_v it_o i_o if_o there_o be_v ens_fw-la a_o primo_fw-la you_o must_v also_o grant_v ens_fw-la primum_fw-la therefore_o ens_fw-la primum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d primum_fw-la and_o maxim_n intelligibile_fw-la therefore_o atheist_n be_v here_o to_o be_v confute_v for_o they_o may_v soon_o doubt_v whether_o they_o themselves_o be_v then_o whether_o god_n be_v for_o if_o they_o be_v entia_fw-la a_o primo_fw-la they_o must_v first_o know_v he_o that_o be_v primum_fw-la before_o they_o can_v know_v themselves_o for_o the_o cause_n be_v before_o the_o effect_n quod_fw-la est_fw-la seipso_fw-la it_o must_v be_v be_v either_o seipso_fw-la or_o aliunde_fw-la if_o aliunde_fw-la ne_fw-la primum_fw-la for_o that_o from_o which_o it_o be_v be_v prius_fw-la unto_o it_o ergo_fw-la est_fw-la seipso_fw-la object_n bellarmine_n say_v that_o god_n be_v not_o seipso_fw-la neither_o any_o creature_n whatsoever_o for_o than_o he_o say_v the_o same_o thing_n will_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o itself_o and_o the_o effect_n resp_n it_o be_v a_o mere_a sophism_n or_o rather_o a_o amphibolia_fw-la of_o the_o phrase_n for_o when_o we_o say_v god_n be_v seipso_fw-la we_o do_v not_o mean_v that_o he_o have_v cause_n but_o we_o mean_v privative_o that_o he_o be_v not_o aliunde_fw-la and_o est_fw-la seipso_fw-la and_o est_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o same_o it_o be_v quod_fw-la est_fw-la and_o so_o est_fw-la seipso_fw-la ens_fw-la primum_fw-la est_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o he_o be_v seipso_fw-la than_o he_o be_v without_o cause_n that_o that_o be_v absolute_o first_o must_v have_v no_o cause_n for_o than_o it_o be_v not_o absolute_o first_o ergo_fw-la there_o can_v be_v no_o scientia_fw-la of_o he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o tunc_fw-la scire_fw-la dicimur_fw-la cum_fw-la causas_fw-la scimus_fw-la again_o first_o if_o he_o have_v no_o cause_n he_o have_v no_o end_n ergo_fw-la he_o be_v not_o make_v for_o a_o end_n ergo_fw-la there_o can_v be_v no_o art_n of_o he_o to_o guide_v he_o to_o a_o end_n so_o that_o we_o find_v in_o this_o respect_n that_o ens_fw-la primum_fw-la can_v be_v the_o subject_n of_o art_n every_o art_n be_v to_o guide_v the_o thing_n whereof_o it_o be_v a_o art_n to_o it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d again_o every_o art_n do_v lay_v forth_o the_o cause_n effect_n subject_n and_o the_o proper_a adjunct_n of_o a_o thing_n for_o if_o it_o have_v no_o cause_n it_o can_v have_v no_o quality_n and_o god_n have_v none_o of_o these_o ergo_fw-la he_o be_v not_o the_o subject_n of_o art_n hence_o again_o as_o this_o ens_fw-la be_v beyond_o our_o reason_n so_o he_o be_v beyond_o our_o speech_n either_o grammar_n or_o rhetoric_n so_o that_o concern_v this_o ens_fw-la primum_fw-la whatsoever_o we_o think_v or_o speak_v it_o be_v imperfect_a now_o bring_v it_o to_o our_o logic_n after_o another_o sort_n and_o we_o shall_v see_v this_o ens_fw-la to_o be_v beyond_o art_n our_o logic_n bring_v we_o first_o to_o a_o first_o efficient_a and_o in_o the_o resolution_n of_o any_o thing_n we_o go_v so_o far_o as_o in_o the_o end_n we_o find_v a_o first_o efficient_a now_o this_o first_o efficient_a have_v nothing_o before_o it_o ergo_fw-la that_o be_v beyond_o our_o reason_n therefore_o what_o that_o be_v we_o can_v tell_v and_o therefore_o if_o we_o shall_v make_v he_o a_o effect_n to_o look_v out_o his_o cause_n we_o shall_v not_o make_v he_o first_o ergo_fw-la he_o be_v beyond_o all_o art_n then_o again_o there_o be_v no_o art_n but_o be_v a_o eternal_a rule_n in_o the_o idea_n of_o god_n as_o a_o precept_n of_o that_o thing_n whereof_o it_o be_v a_o art_n to_o guide_v it_o to_o its_o eupraxie_n therefore_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o art_n of_o he_o there_o must_v be_v a_o former_a ens_fw-la which_o must_v have_v the_o idea_n of_o it_o to_o show_v how_o this_o ens_fw-la primum_fw-la be_v make_v and_o whereby_o it_o must_v be_v govern_v so_o that_o he_o be_v not_o the_o subject_n of_o our_o reason_n so_o that_o whereas_o i_o say_v before_o that_o ens_fw-la be_v the_o subject_n of_o our_o reason_n here_o i_o recall_v it_o and_o say_v that_o primum_fw-la ens_fw-la be_v beyond_o out_o logic_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v beyond_o all_o art_n we_o will_v go_v they_o over_o more_o brief_o till_o we_o come_v to_o ens_fw-la a_o primo_fw-la first_o then_o he_o be_v without_o efficient_a for_o he_o be_v without_o cause_n ergo_fw-la he_o be_v uncreated_a for_o the_o first_o matter_n though_o it_o be_v without_o matter_n and_o form_n yet_o it_o
must_v constare_fw-la for_o in_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o thing_n the_o subject_n of_o the_o art_n do_v constare_fw-la ergo_fw-la this_o wisdom_n follow_v they_o must_v constare_fw-la in_o his_o part_n and_o as_o one_o thing_n have_v his_o frame_n and_o another_o he_o differ_v from_o the_o other_o hence_o the_o precept_n of_o art_n must_v be_v various_a and_o must_v constare_fw-la one_o with_o another_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o in_o art_n we_o must_v have_v no_o rule_n but_o those_o that_o will_v constare_fw-la and_o be_v essential_a to_o it_o so_o that_o if_o we_o bring_v a_o rule_n of_o grammar_n into_o logic_n or_o econtra_fw-la or_o if_o we_o leave_v out_o of_o logic_n some_o essential_a rule_n to_o it_o it_o will_v not_o constare_fw-la again_o if_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n be_v disorder_v they_o will_v not_o stand_v together_o therefore_o when_o i_o say_v constare_fw-la i_o say_v two_o thing_n first_o that_o every_o art_n must_v have_v all_o the_o rule_n that_o be_v essential_a to_o it_o and_o no_o more_o and_o second_o that_o every_o precept_n must_v be_v place_v in_o his_o due_a order_n and_o rank_n for_o as_o a_o painter_n that_o make_v the_o picture_n of_o a_o man_n will_v make_v it_o very_o deform_a if_o he_o shall_v set_v the_o head_n where_o the_o foot_n shall_v be_v or_o contra_fw-la so_o be_v it_o as_o absurd_a for_o a_o artist_n to_o disorder_v his_o art_n constant_a praeceptis_fw-la every_o thing_n have_v his_o special_a act_n before_o it_o can_v work_v that_o main_a act_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v as_o reason_n must_v have_v two_o part_n it_o must_v see_v the_o simple_a cause_n effect_n subject_n adjunct_n etc._n etc._n and_o axiom_n syllogism_n and_o method_n that_o it_o may_v be_v disserere_fw-la therefore_o there_o be_v many_o petty_a act_n of_o reason_n to_o be_v perform_v which_o though_o they_o all_o conspire_v in_o one_o main_a act_n yet_o be_v they_o not_o one_o another_o and_o here_o we_o see_v that_o as_o art_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o thing_n so_o the_o precept_n of_o art_n be_v from_o the_o act_n of_o thing_n so_o that_o thus_o art_n constant_a praeceptis_fw-la or_o regulis_fw-la all_o be_v one_o both_o be_v good_a and_o regere_fw-la be_v as_o large_a as_o regula_fw-la and_o praeceptum_fw-la as_o praecipere_fw-la but_o my_o reason_n why_o i_o rather_o choose_v praeceptum_fw-la be_v this_o because_o regula_fw-la be_v tropical_a for_o it_o be_v often_o take_v for_o a_o square_a or_o ruler_n whereby_o we_o rule_v any_o thing_n and_o this_o be_v a_o grand_a synecdoche_n and_o again_o because_o the_o lord_n have_v create_v and_o govern_v his_o creature_n by_o the_o precept_n of_o art_n as_o by_o so_o many_o statute_n or_o commandment_n of_o the_o thing_n act_v for_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o at_o the_o creation_n when_o the_o lord_n say_v let_v there_o be_v light_n by_o this_o rule_n as_o by_o a_o precept_n do_v the_o lord_n create_v light_a and_o also_o govern_v it_o it_o be_v a_o law_n as_o god_n govern_v reason_n speech_n quantity_n etc._n etc._n by_o the_o rule_n of_o logic_n grammar_n mathematics_n and_o even_o as_o a_o king_n govern_v his_o dominion_n by_o his_o law_n so_o the_o lord_n govern_v his_o creature_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n and_o because_o the_o creation_n begin_v with_o commandment_n therefore_o we_o will_v still_o hold_v it_o and_o they_o may_v be_v call_v law_n statute_n or_o commandment_n etc._n etc._n even_o as_o the_o lord_n call_v his_o law_n for_o man_n commandment_n again_o i_o rather_o call_v the_o rule_n of_o art_n praecepta_fw-la than_z regulae_fw-la because_o they_o be_v short_o deliver_v be_v as_o so_o many_o short_a direction_n for_o the_o guide_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o the_o end_n thereof_o prime_n verissimeque_fw-la scientificis_fw-la every_o precept_n of_o art_n must_v be_v scientificum_fw-la that_o be_v make_v knowledge_n scientia_fw-la say_v our_o logic_n be_v the_o judgement_n of_o a_o necessary_a axiom_n and_o therefore_o must_v be_v so_o true_a so_o just_a and_o so_o wise_a as_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o true_a more_o just_a more_o wise_a why_o so_o be_v the_o precept_n of_o art_n both_o in_o god_n and_o in_o the_o creature_n for_o as_o for_o deduction_n the_o lord_n have_v shut_v they_o up_o in_o a_o brief_a rule_n of_o art_n for_o look_v how_o many_o use_n there_o may_v be_v of_o a_o rule_n of_o art_n in_o the_o thing_n who_o rule_n it_o be_v so_o many_o deduction_n will_v there_o arise_v from_o that_o rule_n now_o man_n not_o be_v able_a to_o take_v this_o wisdom_n from_o god_n which_o be_v most_o simple_a therefore_o it_o have_v please_v the_o lord_n to_o place_v it_o in_o the_o thing_n and_o as_o flower_n do_v send_v out_o a_o scent_n or_o odor_n that_o do_v affect_v our_o sense_n of_o smell_v so_o every_o precept_n of_o art_n do_v spirare_fw-la a_o sweet_a science_n to_o our_o glass_n of_o understanding_n which_o be_v indeed_o that_o irradiation_n which_o we_o hear_v of_o in_o divinity_n in_o the_o creation_n of_o thing_n but_o it_o be_v call_v scientia_fw-la by_o a_o trope_n for_o as_o the_o scent_n of_o a_o flower_n be_v not_o proper_o odor_n but_o that_o that_o do_v affect_v the_o sense_n and_o as_o when_o we_o see_v a_o strange_a thing_n we_o say_v look_v what_o a_o sight_n be_v yonder_o whereas_o sight_n be_v proper_o of_o the_o eye_n so_o we_o call_v art_n a_o scientia_fw-la or_o sweet_a savour_n in_o respect_n of_o our_o knowledge_n of_o it_o which_o be_v a_o metonimy_n of_o the_o adjunct_n for_o the_o subject_a quest_n now_o how_o do_v they_o scientificare_fw-la how_o be_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d answ_n we_o have_v hear_v how_o they_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n and_o from_o thence_o they_o do_v come_v by_o a_o irradiation_n to_o the_o glass_n of_o our_o understanding_n and_o as_o the_o sun_n beam_n come_v through_o a_o red_a or_o blue_a glass_n etc._n etc._n will_v bring_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o glass_n with_o they_o to_o our_o sense_n so_o do_v the_o irradiation_n of_o art_n from_o the_o thing_n bring_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o thing_n with_o it_o to_o our_o understanding_n i_o mean_v that_o this_o irradiation_n do_v bring_v the_o frame_n of_o the_o thing_n with_o it_o according_a to_o which_o we_o see_v it_o now_o than_o first_o it_o be_v call_v the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n as_o it_o be_v one_o in_o he_o then_o be_v it_o call_v arse_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n and_o when_o it_o be_v bring_v by_o a_o irradiation_n to_o our_o understanding_n the_o first_o act_n of_o it_o be_v to_o see_v the_o simples_n in_o the_o thing_n and_o this_o be_v call_v our_o intelligentia_fw-la for_o it_o be_v that_o perspicacy_n whereby_o we_o look_v at_o the_o invention_n that_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o first_o act_n of_o our_o intellectus_fw-la as_o it_o be_v receive_v in_o a_o axiom_n we_o call_v it_o scientia_fw-la it_o be_v our_o sapientia_fw-la as_o we_o can_v discourse_v with_o it_o syllogistical_o and_o as_o we_o apply_v it_o right_o in_o time_n and_o place_n so_o it_o be_v prudentia_fw-la and_o it_o be_v ars_n as_o we_o can_v execute_v it_o and_o practice_v it_o in_o analysi_fw-la or_o genesi_fw-la as_o ars_n be_v right_o a_o intellectual_a virtue_n as_o we_o teach_v it_o to_o another_o it_o be_v doctrina_fw-la and_o his_o learning_n be_v disciplina_fw-la last_o as_o we_o set_v it_o down_o in_o writing_n or_o print_v it_o be_v libre_fw-la and_o every_o rule_n of_o art_n be_v true_a as_o when_o i_o say_v râ—sa_fw-la est_fw-la flos_fw-la socrates_n est_fw-la homo_fw-la though_o there_o be_v never_o a_o rose_n or_o socrates_n in_o the_o world_n because_o the_o rule_n be_v eternal_a for_o it_o be_v in_o the_o eternal_a idea_n of_o god_n though_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o now_o some_o metaphysitian_n not_o distinguish_v aright_o hereof_o say_v the_o thing_n be_v eternal_a that_o be_v say_v they_o the_o thing_n be_v in_o god_n eternal_a idea_n nay_o the_o idea_n of_o god_n be_v eternal_a but_o not_o the_o thing_n i_o but_o kickerman_n say_v the_o thing_n be_v eternal_a quoad_fw-la essentiam_fw-la not_o quoad_fw-la existentiam_fw-la but_o that_o be_v false_a for_o existere_fw-la belong_v to_o effectum_fw-la in_o logic_n and_o every_o effect_n must_v have_v all_o the_o cause_n ergo_fw-la matter_n and_o form_n and_o these_o be_v not_o eternal_a prime_n for_o there_o be_v no_o rule_n of_o art_n but_o be_v a_o necessary_a axiom_n in_o its_o own_o place_n and_o so_o be_v first_o true_a now_o deduction_n be_v true_a but_o at_o the_o first_o second_o three_o or_o four_o hand_n according_a as_o they_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o first_o rule_n at_o the_o second_o three_o or_o four_o hand_n and_o be_v so_o far_o forth_o true_a as_o the_o first_o rule_n be_v
true_a therefore_o when_o we_o dispute_v with_o any_o adversary_n we_o bring_v our_o controversy_n to_o a_o rule_n of_o art_n and_o if_o they_o deny_v that_o we_o say_v contra_fw-la negantem_fw-la principia_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la disputandum_fw-la though_o there_o be_v no_o rule_n of_o art_n but_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v and_o be_v first_o because_o it_o deliver_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o the_o thing_n verissimeque_fw-la every_o rule_n of_o art_n as_o it_o be_v prima_fw-la scientia_fw-la so_o it_o be_v verissima_fw-la but_o for_o deduction_n as_o they_o be_v secunde_a or_o tertiae_fw-la scientiae_fw-la according_a as_o they_o arise_v from_o the_o first_o rule_n so_o they_o be_v secundo_fw-la or_o tertio_fw-la true_a to_o wit_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o first_o be_v true_a concinnatis_fw-la rei_fw-la here_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o ars_n and_o as_o praecepta_fw-la be_v the_o matter_n and_o primo_fw-la verissimeque_fw-la scientificis_fw-la be_v the_o quality_n before_o i_o do_v not_o say_v fabricae_fw-la for_o that_o be_v but_o one_o thing_n whereas_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n be_v many_o again_o art_n be_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o thing_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o frame_n of_o it_o therefore_o here_o be_v ens_fw-la or_o res_fw-la in_o general_a i_o do_v not_o say_v concinnatis_fw-la to_o any_o one_o thing_n because_o as_o ars_n in_o genere_fw-la be_v to_o all_o the_o special_a art_n so_o be_v ens_fw-la in_o genere_fw-la to_o all_o the_o special_a entia_fw-la now_o if_o you_o ask_v i_o what_o res_fw-la be_v i_o tell_v you_o before_o in_o the_o definition_n of_o ens_fw-la so_o that_o it_o be_v define_v before_o but_o here_o i_o take_v it_o as_o a_o subject_n of_o art_n concinnatis_fw-la i_o have_v not_o a_o better_a word_n and_o therefore_o be_v fain_o to_o take_v this_o though_o it_o do_v not_o fit_a my_o purpose_n as_o i_o will_v for_o the_o thing_n indeed_o be_v make_v to_o the_o rule_n and_o not_o the_o rule_n to_o the_o thing_n though_o we_o first_o see_v the_o thing_n and_o by_o the_o act_n thereof_o observe_v the_o rule_n concinnatis_fw-la to_o fit_a together_o or_o to_o sing_v in_o part_n so_o that_o every_o thing_n must_v be_v place_v in_o order_n and_o fit_v each_o to_o other_o for_o nothing_o can_v be_v wise_o do_v if_o the_o precept_n of_o art_n be_v break_v ad_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o every_o thing_n be_v make_v and_o govern_v to_o a_o end_n and_o art_n be_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o make_n and_o govern_v of_o thing_n to_o their_o end_n therefore_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v of_o every_o art_n and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v teach_v in_o any_o particular_a art_n artis_fw-la est_fw-la praxis_fw-la &_o prattomenon_n we_o have_v hear_v what_o encuclopaidia_fw-la be_v qua_fw-la art_fw-la comprehenduntur_fw-la pro_fw-la subordinatione_fw-la finiam_fw-la and_o what_o ars_n be_v now_o we_o come_v to_o the_o common_a affection_n belong_v to_o art_n and_o they_o be_v praxis_fw-la and_o prattomenon_n that_o art_n have_v his_o praxis_fw-la and_o prattomenon_n i_o thus_o prove_v it_o if_o the_o end_n of_o thing_n be_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d then_o as_o there_o be_v that_o actio_fw-la or_o motus_fw-la so_o there_o must_v be_v a_o res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la the_o prattomenon_fw-mi but_o the_o end_n of_o every_o thing_n be_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d therefore_o i_o prove_v it_o be_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o laus_fw-la rei_fw-la est_fw-la actione_n and_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o thing_n make_v that_o have_v not_o a_o end_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a again_o every_o thing_n be_v god_n work_n and_o he_o be_v pure_a act_n therefore_o every_o thing_n must_v agree_v to_o he_o and_o so_o agere_fw-la and_o if_o there_o be_v a_o praxis_fw-la and_o a_o prattomenon_n of_o the_o thing_n there_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o praxis_fw-la and_o prattomenon_n of_o art_n because_o the_o thing_n be_v fit_v to_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n and_o not_o art_n to_o the_o thing_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o some_o have_v dream_v that_o every_o art_n have_v not_o his_o praxis_fw-la and_o prattomenon_n be_v that_o false_a distinction_n of_o art_n into_o theoretical_a and_o practic_a they_o call_v they_o theoretical_a which_o they_o do_v only_o contemplate_v practic_a when_o we_o can_v by_o art_n agere_fw-la but_o there_o be_v no_o art_n but_o be_v both_o theoretical_a and_o practic_a for_o as_o we_o hear_v before_o that_o we_o may_v both_o scire_fw-la sapere_fw-la and_o intelligere_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o we_o may_v contemplate_v and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ergo_fw-la this_o distribution_n be_v fallacia_fw-la accidentis_fw-la for_o they_o do_v not_o distinguish_v art_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n but_o from_o their_o own_o knowledge_n of_o it_o object_n but_o we_o can_v guide_v astronomy_n neither_o can_v we_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o natural_a philosophy_n but_o only_o contemplate_v they_o answ_n it_o be_v ars_fw-la as_o it_o be_v in_o fabrica_fw-la rei_fw-la not_o as_o it_o be_v in_o homine_fw-la but_o there_o be_v praxis_fw-la and_o prattomenon_n in_o every_o thing_n as_o in_o the_o sun_n we_o may_v see_v his_o motion_n be_v praxis_fw-la his_o course_n that_o he_o make_v be_v prattomenon_n again_o man_n do_v not_o contemplate_v only_o but_o also_o work_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o astronomy_n and_o by_o nature_n as_o in_o the_o sow_v of_o corn_n and_o plant_v of_o tree_n etc._n etc._n now_o for_o practic_a they_o say_v they_o be_v such_o as_o do_v only_o practive_a and_o leave_v no_o work_n behind_o they_o or_o they_o be_v also_o poietick_a and_o leave_v a_o work_n behind_o they_o of_o the_o first_o sort_n they_o make_v ethic_n economic_n politic_n music_n optic_n and_o other_o why_o do_v not_o the_o ethician_n work_v a_o good_a moral_a action_n or_o virtue_n by_o his_o rule_n of_o ethic_n and_o have_v not_o the_o good_a husbandman_n in_o work_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o economic_n his_o prattomenon_n as_o well_o as_o his_o praxis_fw-la and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n be_v not_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o prattomenon_n of_o a_o good_a politician_n to_o be_v govern_v by_o he_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o politic_n so_o for_o music_n be_v there_o not_o a_o song_n sing_v as_o well_o as_o the_o sing_n of_o it_o and_o when_o they_o set_v their_o song_n we_o see_v it_o plain_a that_o there_o be_v a_o opus_fw-la as_o well_o as_o a_o motus_fw-la now_o they_o have_v these_o from_o aristotle_n but_o they_o be_v false_a and_o it_o be_v not_o commendable_a in_o the_o creator_n that_o every_o thing_n shall_v have_v his_o praxis_fw-la and_o prattomenon_n again_o it_o do_v not_o resemble_v the_o creator_n who_o be_v purus_fw-la actus_fw-la unless_o there_o be_v a_o motus_fw-la in_o it_o and_o a_o res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la as_o the_o rule_n of_o logic_n teach_v in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o effectum_fw-la and_o not_o only_a logic_n but_o also_o grammar_n teach_v so_o much_o for_o there_o be_v scriptio_fw-la and_o scriptum_fw-la so_o in_o arithmetic_n there_o be_v a_o number_n and_o a_o thing_n number_v so_o for_o geometry_n there_o be_v a_o measure_n and_o a_o thing_n measure_v and_o so_o for_o all_o other_o arts._n and_o it_o can_v be_v otherwise_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o grammar_n for_o every_o verb_n be_v a_o transitive_a and_o that_o be_v either_o active_a or_o neuter_a and_o both_o of_o they_o govern_v a_o accusative_a case_n which_o be_v the_o subject_n into_o which_o they_o pass_v over_o as_o amo_fw-la patrem_fw-la pater_fw-la be_v the_o subject_n unto_o which_o amo_fw-la pass_v over_o and_o sero_fw-la a_o verb_n neuter_n have_v his_o subject_n in_o himself_o as_o when_o i_o say_v i_o sow_v it_o be_v as_o if_o i_o shall_v say_v i_o sow_v seed_n therefore_o there_o be_v a_o prattomenon_n of_o every_o art_n as_o well_o as_o a_o praxis_fw-la for_o if_o a_o man_n smell_n he_o smell_n something_o and_o when_o he_o see_v he_o see_v something_o and_o drink_v he_o drink_v drink_v praxis_fw-la est_fw-la artis_fw-la in_o agendo_fw-la motus_fw-la there_o be_v nothing_o that_o can_v act_v sine_fw-la motu_fw-la but_o only_o god_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o motus_fw-la be_v general_a to_o every_o effect_n and_o therefore_o be_v a_o effect_n by_o our_o rule_n of_o logic_n praxis_fw-la be_v genesis_n and_o analysis_n these_o two_o belong_v to_o art_n in_o like_a sort_n because_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o thing_n where_o art_n be_v for_o if_o you_o grant_v a_o motus_fw-la of_o every_o thing_n it_o must_v either_o be_v from_o principle_n to_o the_o make_v up_o of_o a_o thing_n or_o to_o the_o resolve_v of_o it_o now_o if_o be_v make_v up_o a_o thing_n it_o can_v also_o undo_v it_o for_o the_o way_n be_v the_o same_o only_o there_o be_v a_o progress_n and_o regress_n so_o if_o i_o by_o my_o
dispositio_fw-la be_v judicum_fw-la or_o methodus_fw-la judicium_fw-la est_fw-la axiomaticâ—m_fw-la or_o syllogisticum_fw-la my_o reason_n be_v these_o the_o art_n of_o reason_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o internal_a sense_n the_o best_a fancy_n invent_v best_a and_o that_o be_v perform_v by_o a_o hot_a brain_n cogitation_n serve_v judgement_n axiomatical_a and_o syllogistical_a and_o that_o be_v dry_a and_o the_o best_a memory_n be_v a_o airy_a moist_a brain_n ergo_fw-la whilst_o i_o see_v from_o this_o reason_n in_o natural_a philosophy_n that_o axiomatical_a and_o syllogistical_a judgement_n be_v thus_o combine_v and_o the_o other_o sever_v i_o think_v this_o art_n shall_v be_v thus_o divide_v according_a to_o their_o instrument_n as_o nature_n have_v sever_v they_o again_o our_o author_n distribute_v the_o second_o part_n into_o axioma_fw-la and_o discursus_fw-la and_o under_o discursus_fw-la he_o place_v syllogismus_fw-la and_o methodus_fw-la now_o these_o two_o can_v be_v join_v together_o for_o why_o what_o have_v method_n to_o do_v with_o syllogismus_fw-la method_n do_v not_o dispose_v syllogism_n but_o axiom_n again_o the_o use_n of_o a_o syllogism_n be_v to_o make_v clear_a that_o that_o be_v obscure_a and_o to_o manifest_a truth_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o truth_n belong_v to_o axiomatical_a judgement_n if_o it_o be_v clear_a if_o not_o then_o to_o syllogistical_a judgement_n but_o we_o bring_v our_o question_n after_o again_o to_o a_o axiom_n to_o see_v the_o truth_n of_o it_o ergo_fw-la these_o two_o work_n about_o one_o thing_n namely_o about_o truth_n therefore_o they_o shall_v be_v combine_v together_o so_o that_o syllogistical_a judgement_n be_v to_o make_v clear_a that_o which_o axiomatical_a judgement_n can_v not_o yet_o the_o doctrine_n of_o axioma_fw-la be_v before_o and_o syllogistical_a judgement_n have_v for_o his_o subject_n axioma_fw-la dubium_fw-la the_o exception_n against_o this_o rule_n be_v these_o first_o kickerman_n say_v there_o be_v no_o invention_n but_o there_o be_v judgement_n withal_o that_o be_v confess_v to_o be_v true_a in_o use_n as_o in_o grammar_n the_o use_n of_o etymology_n be_v never_o without_o syntax_n but_o the_o use_n be_v one_o thing_n and_o the_o rule_v another_o there_o be_v no_o precept_n of_o invention_n that_o belong_v to_o judgement_n aut_fw-la contra_fw-la then_o he_o say_v who_o can_v invent_v but_o he_o must_v also_o judge_v for_o say_v he_o must_v not_o a_o man_n judge_v a_o cause_n before_o he_o find_v it_o this_o be_v also_o a_o fallace_n of_o use_n we_o can_v find_v a_o rule_n but_o we_o use_v both_o invention_n and_o judgement_n but_o by_o his_o argument_n there_o shall_v be_v no_o judgement_n but_o syllogistical_a then_o again_o he_o say_v invention_n be_v use_v for_o a_o three_o argument_n and_o not_o as_o ramus_n take_v it_o true_a it_o be_v the_o school_n think_v it_o only_o to_o belong_v to_o syllogism_n and_o that_o there_o be_v but_o the_o use_n of_o a_o argument_n not_o the_o doctrine_n of_o it_o but_o thus_o i_o argue_v be_v invention_n of_o a_o three_o argument_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v of_o a_o argument_n ergo_fw-la than_o it_o belong_v not_o to_o judgement_n for_o the_o doctrine_n of_o a_o simple_a conceit_n as_o he_o call_v it_o be_v distinct_a from_o the_o doctrine_n of_o judgement_n again_o if_o it_o be_v a_o three_o argument_n there_o wâ—s_v two_o before_o ergo_fw-la there_o be_v argument_n dispose_v again_o when_o a_o three_o argument_n be_v find_v out_o do_v we_o not_o dispose_v pars_fw-la consequent_a quaestionis_fw-la in_o propositione_n and_o antecedens_fw-la in_o assumptione_n and_o so_o make_v the_o proposition_n a_o axiom_n and_o likewise_o the_o assumption_n ergo_fw-la a_o argument_n be_v place_v in_o a_o axiom_n as_o well_o as_o in_o a_o syllogism_n by_o their_o own_o confession_n therefore_o we_o see_v evident_o here_o that_o the_o use_n of_o a_o argument_n be_v common_a both_o to_o syllogistical_a and_o axiomatical_a judgement_n and_o i_o will_v ask_v whether_o causa_fw-la est_fw-la cujus_fw-la vi_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la when_o it_o be_v dispose_v with_o the_o effect_n be_v the_o same_o and_o have_v the_o same_o definition_n in_o a_o axiom_n that_o it_o have_v in_o a_o syllogism_n if_o they_o say_v it_o be_v the_o same_o ergo_fw-la common_a to_o both_o ergo_fw-la the_o doctrine_n of_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la etc._n etc._n must_v go_v before_o the_o doctrine_n of_o a_o axiom_n and_o a_o syllogism_n and_o method_n and_o must_v be_v distinct_a from_o they_o all_o for_o as_o method_n be_v distinct_a from_o axiomatical_a and_o syllogistical_a judgement_n and_o be_v before_o they_o because_o a_o axiom_n may_v be_v without_o they_o not_o contra_fw-la so_o be_v the_o doctrine_n of_o argument_n before_o the_o doctrine_n of_o axiom_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o kickerman_n confess_v as_o much_o whilst_o he_o distribute_v logic_n into_o terminus_fw-la simplex_fw-la complexus_fw-la and_o discursus_fw-la he_o say_v author_n of_o art_n be_v call_v inventor_n as_o hypocrates_n of_o medicina_fw-la aristotle_n of_o logic_n but_o do_v they_o not_o all_o judge_n they_o yes_o but_o do_v it_o therefore_o follow_v that_o invention_n and_o judgement_n be_v not_o divers_a thing_n so_o that_o this_o distribution_n stand_v firm_a and_o sure_a and_o as_o for_o his_o conceit_n to_o have_v invention_n teach_v in_o a_o syllogism_n we_o shall_v hear_v of_o it_o when_o we_o come_v there_o for_o it_o be_v very_o silly_a now_o for_o his_o distribution_n into_o three_o part_n it_o come_v to_o one_o with_o we_o for_o his_o first_o part_n terminus_fw-la simplex_fw-la so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o be_v logic_n belong_v to_o invention_n so_o terminus_fw-la complexus_fw-la belong_v to_o axiomatical_a judgement_n and_o discursus_fw-la to_o syllogism_n and_o he_o will_v have_v it_o belong_v to_o method_n too_o but_o first_o the_o absurdity_n be_v these_o he_o do_v not_o follow_v reason_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o logic_n deliver_v for_o conceptus_fw-la simplex_fw-la be_v proper_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o thing_n when_o we_o see_v the_o truth_n thereof_o so_o that_o this_o be_v not_o so_o proper_a as_o invention_n now_o when_o i_o say_v inventio_fw-la i_o say_v that_o part_n that_o direct_v my_o reason_n to_o seek_v out_o thing_n secret_o wrap_v up_o in_o nature_n again_o while_o he_o make_v a_o distribution_n of_o the_o precept_n of_o logic_n by_o these_o precept_n we_o must_v understand_v the_o systema_fw-la of_o logic_n by_o a_o metonymy_n of_o the_o material_a cause_n and_o when_o he_o say_v a_o systema_fw-la of_o precept_n that_o be_v a_o far_o fetch_v trope_n again_o we_o never_o have_v more_o part_n than_o two_o in_o a_o distribution_n but_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n leave_v out_o for_o to_o admit_v of_o his_o distribution_n but_o be_v there_o not_o a_o community_n betwixt_o his_o terminus_fw-la complexus_fw-la and_o discursus_fw-la namely_o dispositio_fw-la ergo_fw-la here_o he_o want_v the_o rulâ—_n of_o dispositio_fw-la and_o so_o make_v his_o art_n imperfect_a now_o he_o plead_v for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o it_o which_o we_o be_v not_o to_o admit_v of_o but_o of_o truth_n why_o his_o logic_n be_v not_o in_o ancient_a time_n be_v it_o therefore_o nought_o now_o the_o use_n of_o this_o rule_n be_v this_o as_o we_o hear_v before_o logic_n take_v my_o reason_n and_o tell_v i_o the_o mark_n to_o shoot_v at_o so_o here_o it_o tell_v i_o that_o i_o must_v first_o invent_v and_o so_o i_o shall_v go_v orderly_o to_o work_v and_o then_o dispose_v for_o the_o bricklay_a must_n first_o have_v brick_n before_o he_o can_v make_v a_o brickwall_n and_o the_o grammarian_n must_v have_v word_n before_o he_o can_v make_v a_o sentence_n and_o as_o before_o argument_n be_v more_o general_a than_o axiom_n axiom_n than_o syllogism_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o one_o may_v be_v without_o the_o other_o not_o contra_fw-la as_o one_o be_v more_o general_a than_o two_o two_o than_o three_o etc._n etc._n because_o one_o may_v be_v without_o two_o or_o three_o etc._n etc._n not_o contra_fw-la so_o first_o we_o must_v invenire_fw-la and_o then_o judicare_fw-la that_o we_o may_v bene_fw-la disserere_fw-la for_o there_o be_v nothing_o betwixt_o they_o but_o when_o we_o have_v stone_n then_o we_o may_v build_v and_o whilst_o we_o find_v in_o the_o creature_n of_o god_n thing_n consider_v as_o they_o be_v in_o themselves_o and_o then_o in_o respect_n of_o other_o therefore_o so_o must_v reason_n be_v distribute_v into_o his_o two_o act_n and_o now_o we_o come_v to_o invention_n which_o be_v prima_fw-la pars_fw-la dialecticae_fw-la de_fw-la inveniendis_fw-la argumentis_fw-la first_o we_o have_v hear_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n inventio_fw-la betoken_v active_o the_o reason_n invent_v or_o find_v out_o and_o howsoever_o we_o may_v find_v it_o take_v for_o the_o whole_a act_n of_o logic_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o synecdoche_n and_o though_o we_o can_v but_o use_v judgement_n in_o it_o yet_o it_o be_v
esse_fw-la indeed_o be_v general_a to_o all_o the_o cause_n and_o existere_fw-la be_v from_o they_o all_o which_o appear_v by_o this_o we_o say_v mundus_fw-la est_fw-la a_o deo_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la nihilo_fw-la est_fw-la formata_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o est_fw-fr be_v nothing_o but_o the_o act_n of_o the_o cause_n to_o make_v the_o effect_n so_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o a_o knife_n there_o be_v all_o the_o four_o cause_n to_o be_v in_o it_o and_o the_o three_o former_a for_o the_o end_n and_o therefore_o if_o we_o will_v not_o be_v deceive_v here_o see_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v de_fw-fr esse_fw-la of_o a_o thing_n that_o be_v a_o cause_n res_fw-la not_z effectum_fw-la for_o we_o have_v hear_v what_o res_fw-la est_fw-la that_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o art_n but_o if_o we_o have_v say_v effectum_fw-la it_o have_v be_v a_o posteriore_fw-la for_o we_o have_v not_o the_o effect_n wrought_v again_o we_o be_v but_o yet_o in_o causa_fw-la in_o general_a by_o res_fw-la he_o mean_v res_fw-la efficienda_fw-la not_o yet_o effecta_fw-la now_o another_o fallacy_n be_v of_o non_fw-la causa_fw-la pro_fw-la causa_fw-la when_o we_o take_v that_o to_o be_v the_o cause_n which_o have_v the_o potentia_fw-la efficiendi_fw-la but_o do_v not_o efficere_fw-la but_o be_v causa_fw-la quatenus_fw-la it_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o that_o effect_n so_o that_o if_o one_o bring_v a_o cause_n that_o be_v not_o a_o cause_n though_o it_o have_v vim_o efficiendi_fw-la yet_o be_v it_o not_o causa_fw-la itaque_fw-la primus_fw-la hic_fw-la locus_fw-la fons_fw-la est_fw-la omnis_fw-la scientiae_fw-la this_o be_v a_o deduction_n out_o of_o the_o first_o rule_n follow_v this_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v causae_fw-la vi_fw-la than_o this_o be_v primus_fw-la locus_fw-la inventionis_fw-la for_o it_o be_v first_o in_o the_o cause_n before_o it_o be_v in_o the_o effect_n then_o again_o it_o be_v primus_fw-la locus_fw-la in_o respect_n it_o be_v the_o first_o argument_n we_o must_v look_v at_o locus_fw-la here_o ramus_n tell_v we_o close_o that_o the_o aristotelian_o topic_a place_n be_v these_o argument_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v causa_fw-la fons_n we_o know_v the_o fountain_n be_v the_o first_o place_n where_o water_n spring_v so_o all_o thing_n spring_v from_o the_o cause_n yea_o subject_n adjunct_n etc._n etc._n fons_n scientiae_fw-la for_o if_o we_o know_v the_o cause_n than_o we_o know_v the_o effect_n because_o they_o arise_v from_o they_o and_o subject_n etc._n etc._n and_o again_o that_o be_v the_o principal_a part_n of_o knowledge_n scirique_fw-la demum_fw-la creditur_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o till_o we_o know_v the_o cause_n we_o know_v but_o the_o outside_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o that_o which_o may_v be_v remove_v from_o the_o thing_n without_o destroy_v the_o thing_n but_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o thing_n we_o know_v it_o as_o it_o be_v the_o thing_n be_v arise_v from_o the_o cause_n and_o thus_o know_v the_o thing_n we_o know_v it_o intus_fw-la and_o in_o cute_v here_o ramus_n do_v commorare_fw-la tell_v we_o what_o aristotle_n mean_v by_o these_o word_n and_o again_o too_o tell_v we_o that_o aristotle_n demonstration_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o scientia_fw-la of_o a_o axiom_n consist_v of_o causa_fw-la and_o effectum_fw-la and_o he_o teach_v it_o to_o every_o cause_n in_o general_a efficient_a matter_n form_n and_o end_n no_o aristotle_n say_v that_o a_o demonstration_n conclude_v the_o property_n of_o a_o subject_n by_o the_o definition_n because_o that_o lay_v forth_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o thing_n but_o it_o do_v not_o tell_v we_o all_o the_o esse_fw-la ergo_fw-la not_o all_o the_o scientia_fw-la for_o the_o esses_fw-la of_o the_o efficient_a and_o end_n do_v not_o go_v into_o a_o definition_n ut_fw-la merito_fw-la dicatur_fw-la a_o poeta_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o he_o prefer_v the_o poet_n authority_n before_o aristotle_n for_o aristotle_n be_v more_o employ_v in_o this_o doctrine_n may_v speak_v of_o it_o as_o a_o private_a man_n but_o the_o poet_n as_o a_o public_a man_n foelix_fw-la meaning_n a_o contemplative_a happiness_n not_o a_o practic_a causa_fw-la est_fw-la efficiens_fw-la &_o materia_fw-la aut_fw-la forma_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la every_o cause_n yield_v a_o esse_fw-la but_o all_o together_o make_v the_o effect_n now_o it_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n efficiens_fw-la &_o materia_fw-la aut_fw-la forma_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la for_o he_o can_v give_v it_o to_o we_o in_o two_o word_n but_o make_v a_o distinct_a axiom_n and_o couple_n the_o part_n with_o a_o conjunction_n copulative_a by_o reason_n whereof_o they_o have_v a_o community_n but_o where_o lie_v it_o this_o it_o be_v i_o may_v call_v the_o two_o first_o potential_a cause_n the_o other_o two_o act_v cause_n this_o the_o school_n tell_v we_o when_o they_o call_v materia_fw-la potentia_fw-la and_o the_o form_n actus_fw-la and_o this_o be_v ramus_n meaning_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o many_o example_n as_o when_o a_o tailor_n set_v button_n on_o a_o doublet_n with_o thread_n they_o be_v not_o do_v till_o all_o the_o cause_n be_v there_o so_o a_o house_n be_v not_o a_o house_n so_o soon_o as_o it_o have_v a_o efficient_a and_o matter_n but_o when_o it_o have_v also_o a_o form_n and_o end_n now_o our_o author_n will_v not_o use_v potentia_fw-la and_o actus_fw-la first_o because_o they_o be_v barbarous_a word_n second_o they_o be_v improper_a because_o they_o can_v be_v call_v potentia_fw-la and_o actus_fw-la but_o potentiate_v and_o act_v then_o again_o the_o form_n and_o end_n be_v potentia_fw-la as_o well_o as_o efficiens_fw-la and_o materia_fw-la &_o contra_fw-la therefore_o he_o make_v two_o couple_n of_o cause_n for_o so_o we_o see_v the_o efficient_a be_v the_o first_o mover_n move_v quite_o through_o with_o the_o matter_n single_o and_o the_o form_n and_o end_n move_v they_o inseparable_o together_o therefore_o they_o be_v thus_o distinguish_v efficiens_fw-la est_fw-la motus_fw-la a_o quo_fw-la in_o a_o line_n the_o matter_n ex_fw-la qua_fw-la and_o form_n per_fw-la quem_fw-la finis_fw-la ad_fw-la quem_fw-la but_o because_o there_o be_v a_o scope_n at_o matter_n therefore_o there_o be_v a_o distinction_n for_o as_o the_o efficient_a and_o end_n terminate_v the_o thing_n so_o the_o form_n and_o matter_n mediate_v the_o thing_n run_v quite_o through_o the_o same_o so_o god_n make_v a_o matter_n and_o give_v it_o a_o form_n and_o so_o a_o end_n ergo_fw-la reason_n must_v see_v they_o thus_o the_o same_o order_n there_o be_v also_o in_o god_n providence_n so_o man_n also_o do_v imitate_v god_n when_o he_o do_v any_o thing_n orderly_o the_o first_o care_n be_v for_o a_o workman_n than_o a_o matter_n than_o a_o form_n and_o then_o a_o end_n though_o we_o may_v have_v cloth_n before_o a_o tailor_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o a_o matter_n till_o it_o begin_v with_o the_o tailor_n to_o bring_v a_o effect_n to_o pass_v so_o then_o the_o efficient_a be_v in_o nature_n before_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o matter_n before_o the_o form_n for_o the_o form_n be_v a_o adjunct_n to_o the_o matter_n and_o the_o form_n before_o the_o end_n the_o end_n be_v a_o adjunct_n to_o the_o form_n and_o again_o a_o thing_n must_v be_v form_v before_o it_o can_v have_v a_o end_n the_o first_o efficient_a have_v the_o first_o matter_n and_o form_n effect_v to_o he_o the_o second_o form_n be_v adjunct_n to_o the_o matter_n now_o the_o first_o efficient_a be_v absolute_o first_o for_o it_o have_v nothing_o before_o it_o the_o first_o matter_n be_v not_o res_fw-la prima_fw-la nor_o causa_fw-la prima_fw-la but_o first_o for_o matter_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v from_o the_o first_o efficient_a only_o ergo_fw-la never_o have_v any_o existency_n in_o the_o world_n but_o be_v ens_fw-la incompletum_fw-la so_o the_o first_o form_n be_v from_o the_o first_o efficient_a not_o of_o the_o first_o matter_n but_o only_o in_o it_o ergo_fw-la it_o be_v ens_fw-la also_o completum_fw-la hence_o our_o soul_n be_v not_o our_o form_n for_o then_o our_o form_n shall_v be_v res_fw-la incomplâ—tae_fw-la now_o the_o end_n be_v last_o and_o the_o first_o end_n be_v the_o last_o end_n it_o be_v first_o because_o it_o be_v most_o general_a last_o because_o it_o be_v not_o make_v for_o another_o end_n ergo_fw-la it_o follow_v of_o necessity_n that_o the_o last_o end_n be_v not_o make_v so_o that_o the_o end_n as_o it_o be_v last_o as_o the_o thing_n be_v act_v so_o it_o be_v first_o as_o it_o be_v most_o general_a for_o all_o the_o former_a cause_n work_v to_o effect_v the_o end_n as_o we_o say_v in_o school_n finis_fw-la est_fw-la primus_fw-la in_o intention_n posterius_fw-la in_o executione_fw-la so_o god_n make_v all_o thing_n for_o his_o glory_n here_o his_o glory_n be_v first_o in_o intention_n of_o he_o that_o work_v by_o counsel_n but_o be_v act_v last_o of_o all_o by_o all_o thing_n that_o he_o make_v and_o here_o aristotle_n bonum_fw-la quo_fw-la communius_fw-la eo_fw-la melius_fw-la be_v
efficient_a as_o essential_a for_o actio_fw-la be_v before_o passio_fw-la so_o that_o here_o mark_v that_o next_o after_o we_o see_v the_o efficient_a we_o be_v to_o look_v at_o these_o modi_fw-la as_o we_o be_v save_v by_o faith_n alone_o here_o be_v efficiens_fw-la sola_fw-la our_o author_n bring_v in_o a_o example_n of_o ovid_n the_o 4._o remedii_fw-la and_o kickerman_n have_v a_o fling_n at_o ramus_n for_o his_o example_n and_o will_v have_v he_o bring_v his_o example_n out_o of_o divinity_n but_o first_o logic_n be_v a_o general_a art_n it_o be_v therefore_o best_o to_o fetch_v his_o example_n out_o of_o the_o most_o common_a and_o general_a writer_n as_o out_o of_o poet_n and_o historian_n which_o the_o gentile_n and_o turk_n may_v receive_v these_o being_n more_o general_o know_v to_o the_o world_n than_o be_v the_o scripture_n and_o again_o divinity_n be_v the_o most_o special_a art_n of_o all_o and_o so_o ramn_v find_v fault_n but_o just_o with_o aristotle_n for_o fetch_v his_o example_n out_o of_o geometry_n which_o be_v too_o obscure_a for_o it_o be_v a_o fallace_n to_o fetch_v example_n to_o prove_v any_o thing_n if_o the_o example_n be_v not_o as_o well_o or_o better_o know_v to_o they_o to_o who_o we_o demonstrate_v any_o thing_n as_o to_o ourselves_o as_o they_o say_v in_o geometry_n a_o be_v not_o b_o etc._n etc._n for_o so_o they_o say_v in_o geometry_n angulus_fw-la a_fw-la and_o angulus_fw-la b._n etc._n etc._n now_o logic_n be_v a_o general_a art_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v best_o to_o fetch_v example_n out_o of_o poetry_n etc._n etc._n which_o belong_v to_o rhetoric_n a_o general_a art_n the_o example_n be_v this_o first_o proper_a otia_fw-la be_v proper_a and_o conserve_n cause_n of_o love_n then_o tropical_a causa_fw-la est_fw-la procreans_fw-la cibus_fw-la the_o cherisher_n otia_fw-la si_fw-la tollas_fw-la etc._n etc._n thus_o â—e_v reason_n otia_fw-la be_v the_o cause_n of_o love_n for_o take_v they_o away_o and_o love_n be_v go_v hence_o it_o appear_v they_o be_v of_o the_o essence_n of_o love_n so_o that_o because_o causa_fw-la be_v of_o the_o essence_n of_o the_o effect_n ergo_fw-la put_v idleness_n and_o you_o must_v put_v love_n aut_fw-la contra_fw-la for_o the_o essence_n will_v be_v want_v and_o we_o have_v a_o rule_n sublata_fw-la causa_fw-la tollitur_fw-la effectum_fw-la and_o it_o be_v general_a to_o all_o cause_n for_o they_o be_v all_o necessary_a to_o the_o esseficate_v of_o the_o effect_n all_o the_o rule_n of_o causa_fw-la in_o common_a logician_n you_o shall_v have_v here_o as_o posita_fw-la causa_fw-la ponitur_fw-la effectum_fw-la yet_o not_o one_o cause_n but_o all_o the_o cause_n must_v concur_v many_o other_o rule_v they_o have_v all_o which_o be_v enwrap_v in_o the_o definition_n of_o causa_fw-la now_o it_o hold_v contingent_o in_o every_o cause_n for_o if_o we_o put_v one_o cause_n we_o put_v all_o the_o cause_n and_o so_o it_o hold_v in_o the_o special_a cause_n that_o posita_fw-la causa_fw-la ponitur_fw-la effectum_fw-la &_o contra_fw-la as_o take_v away_o otium_fw-la from_o aegisthus_n and_o you_o take_v away_o love_n so_o that_o sublata_fw-la causa_fw-la a_o tertio_fw-la tollitur_fw-la effectum_fw-la so_o in_o judgement_n it_o be_v also_o true_a as_o give_v otium_fw-la to_o aegisthus_n and_o you_o may_v give_v he_o love_n which_o argue_v from_o the_o efficient_a sic_fw-la pater_fw-la &_o mater_fw-la procreant_a nutrix_fw-la tuetur_fw-la before_o he_o show_v we_o a_o example_n out_o of_o a_o author_n he_o will_v we_o to_o look_v for_o the_o use_n of_o they_o out_o of_o author_n the_o matter_n of_o the_o first_o belong_v to_o ethic_n the_o matter_n of_o the_o second_o to_o history_n logic_n be_v a_o general_a art_n ergo_fw-la his_o example_n be_v best_a out_o of_o poetry_n and_o oratory_n wherein_o the_o use_n of_o all_o art_n be_v now_o the_o aliquid_fw-la before_o be_o love_n which_o we_o shall_v have_v hear_v of_o against_o which_o ovid_n make_v a_o medicine_n in_o this_o example_n dido_n be_v the_o aliquid_fw-la for_o here_o the_o aliquid_fw-la be_v the_o causa_fw-la dardanus_z have_v two_o son_n assaracus_n and_o anchises_n and_o of_o he_o come_v aeneas_n now_o here_o she_o take_v away_o the_o true_a cause_n and_o say_v caucasus_n beget_v thou_o so_o there_o caucasus_n in_o duris_fw-la cantibus_fw-la be_v causa_fw-la procreans_fw-la and_o hyrcanae_fw-la tiger_n be_v preserve_v cause_n but_o this_o be_v false_a for_o here_o be_v non_fw-la causa_fw-la pro_fw-la causa_fw-la object_n but_o do_v he_o well_o to_o bring_v fallace_n answ_n yes_o out_o of_o poet_n for_o here_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la or_o ens_fw-la fictum_fw-la have_v the_o nature_n of_o ens_fw-la in_o it_o neither_o be_v all_o fable_n lie_v but_o by_o continue_a allegory_n they_o teach_v we_o notable_a truth_n now_o she_o challenge_v aeneas_n with_o this_o for_o his_o manner_n because_o he_o forsake_v she_o sic_fw-la romulus_n conditor_fw-la romanae_fw-la vrbis_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o make_v example_n of_o his_o own_o and_o there_o be_v genesis_fw-la teach_v we_o that_o though_o genesis_fw-la be_v before_o analysis_n yet_o genesis_fw-la imitativa_fw-la be_v nothing_o but_o the_o imitate_v of_o a_o former_a analysis_n again_o our_o author_n make_v choice_n of_o such_o example_n as_o may_v be_v paradigmae_n and_o whereunto_o any_o other_o example_n may_v be_v bring_v as_o in_o the_o first_o he_o make_v a_o accident_n to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o accident_n in_o the_o second_o he_o make_v a_o substantial_a effect_n to_o be_v from_o substantial_a cause_n natural_o but_o fained_o in_o the_o last_o he_o bring_v substantial_a cause_n work_v substantial_a effect_n ordinary_o in_o artificial_a thing_n and_o here_o we_o may_v see_v who_o first_o shoot_v the_o arrow_n before_o we_o can_v see_v where_o it_o light_v or_o through_o what_o it_o fly_v or_o whence_o chap._n iu._n secundo_fw-la causa_fw-la efficiens_fw-la sola_fw-la efficit_fw-la aut_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la we_o be_v still_o in_o the_o efficient_a the_o first_o thing_n that_o we_o can_v see_v in_o the_o artificio_fw-la of_o any_o thing_n be_v the_o efficient_a and_o the_o modi_fw-la of_o it_o rhe_n most_o general_a modi_fw-la be_v procreans_fw-la and_o conservans_fw-la before_o now_o we_o come_v to_o the_o second_o modi_fw-la sola_fw-la aut_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la which_o be_v more_o general_a than_o per_fw-la se_fw-la and_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la in_o use_n but_o not_o so_o general_a as_o the_o first_o secundo_fw-la sola_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o be_v next_o ergo_fw-la next_o after_o the_o first_o sola_o that_o be_v where_o this_o modus_fw-la efficiendi_fw-la be_v consider_v and_o the_o force_n and_o virtue_n of_o this_o argument_n from_o the_o efficient_a cause_n stand_v in_o this_o modus_fw-la sola_fw-la for_o so_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v always_o when_o any_o efficient_a be_v bring_v to_o argue_v any_o thing_n see_v which_o modus_fw-la be_v bring_v with_o it_o as_o in_o the_o example_n before_o the_o effect_n be_v press_v with_o the_o modus_fw-la of_o procreans_fw-la and_o with_o the_o modus_fw-la of_o conservans_fw-la as_o you_o will_v take_v away_o love_v take_v away_o idleness_n for_o it_o be_v the_o procreant_a and_o conserve_n cause_n of_o love_n now_o as_o god_n be_v the_o procreant_a and_o conserve_n cause_n of_o all_o thing_n so_o he_o be_v causa_fw-la sola_fw-la first_o ergo_fw-la that_o be_v before_o causa_fw-la â—um_fw-la aliis_fw-la afterward_o he_o be_v causa_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la work_v together_o with_o the_o creature_n and_o we_o find_v this_o in_o the_o first_o efficient_a we_o may_v also_o find_v it_o in_o the_o first_o in_o the_o second_o and_o in_o every_o one_o because_o all_o thing_n be_v simulacra_fw-la of_o the_o first_o now_o these_o belong_v to_o logic_n for_o there_o be_v reason_n in_o they_o and_o any_o thing_n deserve_v more_o or_o less_o praise_n or_o dispraise_v as_o he_o do_v good_a or_o evil_n sola_fw-la aut_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la earumque_fw-la omnium_fw-la saepe_fw-la alia_fw-la principalis_fw-la alia_fw-la adjuvans_fw-la &_o ministra_fw-la that_o be_v earum_fw-la omnium_fw-la quae_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la efficiunt_fw-la saepe_fw-la alia_fw-la principalis_fw-la alia_fw-la adjuvans_fw-la &_o ministra_fw-la for_o so_o saepe_fw-la here_o be_v part_n of_o the_o axiom_n and_o thus_o often_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o one_o among_o the_o rest_n in_o do_v of_o thing_n be_v principal_a and_o as_o we_o say_v ringleader_n to_o the_o rest_n though_o sometime_o likewise_o all_o be_v hail_n fellow_n so_o that_o as_o the_o lord_n do_v at_o the_o first_o work_v all_o thing_n alone_o and_o then_o with_o other_o so_o likewise_o do_v the_o creature_n in_o nature_n and_o here_o again_o as_o the_o lord_n be_v principal_a when_o he_o work_v with_o other_o so_o also_o when_o creature_n work_v together_o one_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v principal_a alia_fw-la adjuvans_fw-la &_o ministra_fw-la that_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o minister_n and_o a_o instrument_n here_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v there_o
of_o the_o cause_n chap._n ix_o de_fw-fr effectis_fw-la effectum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la e_fw-la causis_fw-la existit_fw-la siveigitur_fw-la gignatur_fw-la sive_fw-la etc._n etc._n now_o we_o come_v to_o see_v a_o thing_n make_v up_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o consideration_n to_o see_v how_o we_o begin_v at_o the_o far_a thing_n and_o at_o the_o first_o there_o be_v four_o esses_fw-la distinct_a which_o we_o must_v look_v at_o distinct_o and_o orderly_o if_o we_o â—ill_v see_v thing_n aâ—ight_v first_o the_o efficient_n than_o the_o matter_n etc._n etc._n now_o then_o let_v we_o see_v effectum_fw-la effectum_fw-la for_o the_o name_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v nominate_v only_o from_o the_o efficient_a for_o it_o come_v of_o efficior_fw-la which_o come_v oâ—_n efficio_fw-la whence_o efficiens_fw-la comes_fw-la and_o howbeit_o it_o may_v be_v denominate_v materiatum_fw-la formatum_fw-la or_o finitum_fw-la yet_o he_o rather_o name_v it_o of_o the_o efficient_a but_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o it_o have_v reference_n to_o all_o the_o cause_n even_o materiatum_fw-la formatum_fw-la finitum_fw-la object_n why_o shall_v there_o not_o be_v as_o many_o several_a kind_n of_o effect_n as_o there_o be_v of_o cause_n answ_n because_o no_o one_o cause_n alone_o can_v make_v a_o effect_n for_o it_o be_v existent_a from_o they_o all_o the_o cause_n be_v distinct_a in_o nature_n and_o their_o force_n be_v their_o own_o ergo_fw-la their_o doctrine_n must_v be_v distinct_a but_o because_o essectum_fw-la must_v be_v make_v of_o the_o composition_n of_o the_o four_o esses_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o can_v be_v but_o one_o so_o that_o i_o can_v say_v effectum_fw-la efficientis_fw-la effectum_fw-la materiae_fw-la effectum_fw-la formae_fw-la or_o effectum_fw-la finis_fw-la ergo_fw-la we_o must_v see_v effectum_fw-la alone_o in_o one_o lump_n as_o it_o be_v in_o nature_n now_o because_o it_o have_v all_o the_o esses_fw-la of_o the_o cause_n ergo_fw-la good_a reason_n that_o the_o efficient_a that_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o work_v general_o quite_o through_o with_o every_o other_o cause_n matter_n form_n and_o end_n shall_v have_v the_o effect_n denominate_v from_o it_o so_o that_o this_o child_n bring_v forth_o by_o the_o four_o cause_n be_v denominate_v from_o the_o efficient_a est_fw-la all_o thing_n be_v effect_n but_o god_n alone_o ergo_fw-la effectum_fw-la est_fw-la therefore_o whereas_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v liable_a to_o our_o eye_n of_o reason_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o as_o we_o see_v the_o cause_n that_o make_v up_o the_o thing_n so_o the_o effect_n which_o be_v a_o quinta_fw-la essentia_fw-la arise_v from_o they_o quod._n he_o mean_v argumentum_fw-la absolute_a consentancum_fw-la now_o we_o see_v plain_o how_o the_o cause_n be_v absolute_o agree_v to_o the_o effect_n but_o how_o be_v the_o effect_n absolute_o a-agreeing_a to_o they_o yes_o for_o if_o the_o effect_n be_v from_o they_o it_o will_v vouchsafe_v to_o acknowledge_v itself_o to_o be_v from_o they_o and_o we_o see_v in_o nature_n that_o if_o a_o effect_n be_v than_o all_o the_o cause_n be_v &_o contra_fw-la again_o that_o we_o may_v see_v it_o plain_o if_o we_o take_v away_o the_o efficient_a the_o effect_n will_v be_v imperfect_a so_o put_v the_o effect_n and_o we_o put_v the_o matter_n and_o form_n substantial_o and_o the_o esses_fw-la of_o the_o other_o so_o take_v away_o the_o effect_n and_o you_o take_v away_o they_o now_o if_o the_o efficient_a be_v rot_v yet_o it_o be_v a_o effect_n as_o this_o logic_n be_v ramus_n his_o effect_n though_o he_o be_v dead_a and_o rot_a for_o here_o we_o respect_v not_o time_n but_o the_o esse_fw-la again_o he_o put_v efficiens_fw-la general_o a_o qua_fw-la materia_fw-la ex_fw-la qua_fw-la forma_fw-la per_fw-la quam_fw-la finis_fw-la cujus_fw-la gratia_fw-la and_o here_o effectum_fw-la quod_fw-la the_o reason_n why_o he_o use_v quod_fw-la so_o often_o be_v because_o he_o will_v tell_v we_o that_o logic_n be_v general_a to_o every_o thing_n existit_fw-la esse_fw-la be_v of_o any_o one_o cause_n existere_fw-la be_v a_o compound_n of_o they_o all_o not_o that_o existere_fw-la have_v respect_n of_o time_n and_o place_n as_o some_o teach_v true_a it_o be_v time_n and_o place_n attend_v every_o thing_n when_o it_o do_v existere_fw-la but_o they_o be_v not_o of_o the_o esse_fw-la of_o the_o thing_n but_o be_v only_o complemental_a est_z be_v a_o causa_fw-la qualibet_fw-la existere_fw-la ex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la subsistere_fw-la ex_fw-la modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentaneis_fw-la existere_fw-la come_v of_o ex_fw-la and_z sto_z now_o it_o do_v stand_v upon_o its_o foot_n and_o do_v estare_fw-la out_o from_o all_o the_o cause_n be_v a_o five_o thing_n from_o they_o ecausis_fw-la here_z e_z be_v as_o much_o as_o a_o ex_fw-la per_fw-la and_o gratia_fw-la ecausis_fw-la that_o be_v ab_fw-la efficiente_a ex_fw-la materi_fw-la per_fw-la formam_fw-la gratia_fw-la finis_fw-la causis_fw-la not_o causa_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o all_o four_o cause_n must_v absolute_o concur_v or_o else_o the_o thing_n can_v existere_fw-la as_o the_o first_o matter_n do_v not_o ergo_fw-la if_o angel_n do_v existere_fw-la they_o must_v have_v all_o the_o cause_n so_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n after_o they_o be_v out_o of_o the_o body_n they_o can_v per_fw-la se_fw-la existere_fw-la without_o they_o have_v all_o the_o cause_n for_o if_o any_o one_o cause_n be_v want_v they_o will_v be_v incomplete_a sive_fw-la igitur_fw-la gignatur_fw-la sive_fw-la corrumpatur_fw-la ramus_n do_v here_o commorari_fw-la upon_o this_o doctrine_n of_o effectum_fw-la because_o the_o common_a aristotelian_o refer_v the_o doctrine_n of_o motus_fw-la not_o to_o logic_n but_o to_o natural_a philosophy_n but_o ramus_n teach_v it_o here_o in_o logic_n in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o effectum_fw-la sive_fw-la igitur_fw-la gignatur_fw-la sive_fw-la corrumpatur_fw-la &c_n &c_n whether_o it_o be_v make_v or_o corrupt_v sive_fw-la modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la moveatur_fw-la quidlibet_fw-la that_o be_v whether_o it_o be_v augment_v or_o diminish_v etc._n etc._n generatio_fw-la and_o corruptio_fw-la be_v substantial_a motus_fw-la augmentatio_fw-la and_o diminutio_fw-la quantitatis_fw-la alteratio_fw-la and_o loci_fw-la mutatio_fw-la qualitatis_fw-la and_o all_o these_o be_v effect_n then_o again_o whereas_o the_o aristotelian_o teach_v that_o distruens_fw-la causa_fw-la be_v not_o causa_fw-la ramus_n teach_v that_o it_o be_v for_o whether_o a_o man_n do_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o the_o same_o rule_n he_o do_v both_o ergo_fw-la both_o of_o they_o be_v motus_fw-la of_o his_o act_n to_o the_o opus_fw-la ergo_fw-la causa_fw-la distruens_fw-la be_v a_o motus_fw-la and_o a_o cause_n as_o well_o as_o opus_fw-la destructum_fw-la be_v a_o effect_n and_o privation_n though_o they_o be_v privation_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o habit_n yet_o they_o be_v effect_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o cause_n ergo_fw-la they_o be_v cause_n both_o alike_o they_o teach_v as_o if_o a_o man_n have_v do_v nothing_o when_o he_o do_v sin_n whereas_o he_o spoil_v the_o image_n of_o god_n in_o he_o ergo_fw-la whilst_o they_o be_v more_o nice_a than_o wise_a they_o become_v foolish_a if_o the_o lord_n shall_v bring_v to_o nothing_o that_o which_o he_o have_v do_v it_o will_v be_v his_o effect_n at_o least_o the_o corruption_n of_o nothing_o now_o the_o effect_n be_v double_a motus_fw-la and_o res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la every_o thing_n be_v make_v motu_fw-la god_n only_o be_v sine_fw-la motu_fw-la and_o do_v not_o move_v when_o he_o work_v for_o else_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v primus_fw-la movens_fw-la but_o motus_fw-la but_o if_o we_o resolve_v all_o thing_n it_o must_v needs_o bring_v we_o in_o the_o end_n to_o that_o which_o be_v immovable_a for_o so_o aristotle_n find_v out_o most_o thing_n by_o motus_fw-la now_o again_o there_o be_v those_o that_o sever_v motus_fw-la and_o res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la as_o the_o aristotelian_o which_o make_v ramus_n to_o commorari_fw-la they_o say_v something_n rest_v motu_fw-la only_o without_o a_o res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la but_o that_o be_v not_o so_o for_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o god_n have_v make_v which_o do_v movere_fw-la but_o there_o be_v a_o res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la of_o that_o motus_fw-la they_o conceit_n that_o some_o art_n motion_n have_v no_o opus_fw-la post_fw-la se_fw-la relictum_fw-la as_o when_o one_o play_n on_o the_o virginal_n they_o say_v there_o be_v nothing_o leave_v behind_o answ_n what_o care_v i_o for_o that_o logic_n look_v not_o to_o that_o but_o as_o there_o be_v play_v so_o there_o be_v something_o play_v which_o be_v res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la and_o as_o there_o be_v writing_n so_o there_o be_v something_o write_v these_o namely_o motus_fw-la and_o res_fw-la motu_fw-la facta_fw-la be_v never_o distinct_a asunder_o one_o without_o another_o but_o only_o in_o that_o the_o one_o be_v not_o the_o other_o huius_fw-la loci_fw-la sunt_fw-la laudes_fw-la &_o vituperationes_fw-la as_o if_o ramus_n shall_v say_v if_o you_o will_v commend_v
faciunt_fw-la whereas_o a_o feign_a cause_n can_v argue_v a_o true_a effect_n aut_fw-la contra_fw-la a_o feign_a subject_n a_o true_a adjunct_n and_o so_o in_o dissentany_n why_o in_o comparat_n we_o may_v feign_v one_o and_o will_v argue_v another_o true_a one_o and_o here_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o all_o fable_n which_o be_v full_a comparison_n similia_fw-la hence_o we_o say_v comparate_v do_v magis_fw-la illustrare_fw-la than_o concludere_fw-la so_o that_o these_o be_v the_o three_o property_n belong_v to_o comparate_v in_o general_n comparatio_fw-la est_fw-la in_o quantitate_fw-la vel_fw-la qualitate_fw-la he_o do_v not_o saâ—_n comparata_fw-la be_v quanta_fw-la or_o qualia_fw-la but_o comparatio_fw-la est_fw-la in_o quantitate_fw-la vel_fw-la qualitate_fw-la look_v at_o the_o categoria_fw-la or_o argue_v now_o it_o be_v not_o quantitas_fw-la or_o qualitas_fw-la but_o in_o quantitate_fw-la or_o qualitate_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v thing_n that_o be_v compare_v be_v lay_v together_o in_o their_o quantity_n or_o quality_n for_o we_o be_v not_o to_o understand_v any_o arithmetical_a or_o geometrical_a quantity_n or_o quality_n here_o which_o be_v always_o the_o same_o but_o it_o be_v logical_a quantity_n and_o quality_n that_o be_v that_o quantity_n and_o quality_n which_o we_o consider_v in_o one_o thing_n with_o another_o so_o that_o if_o you_o will_v know_v what_o this_o loigicall_a quantity_n be_v it_o be_v nothing_o but_o equality_n or_o inequality_n in_o quantitate_fw-la that_o be_v when_o thing_n be_v compare_v in_o their_o equality_n or_o inequality_n for_o parity_n and_o imparity_n similitude_n or_o dissimilitude_n belong_v to_o logic_n now_o comparatio_fw-la in_o quantitate_fw-la be_v first_o because_o quantity_n be_v by_o nature_n before_o quality_n for_o this_o parity_n and_o imparity_n must_v needs_o be_v consider_v in_o the_o thing_n arise_v from_o the_o nature_n thereof_o before_o we_o consider_v the_o quality_n in_o nature_n arise_v from_o the_o quantity_n as_o for_o example_n i_o must_v first_o consider_v the_o greatness_n of_o a_o wall_n than_o i_o shall_v see_v that_o quality_n whiteness_n to_o be_v extend_v according_a to_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o wall_n qua_fw-la res_fw-la comparatae_fw-la quantae_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la qua_fw-la that_o be_v it_o be_v that_o affection_n of_o thing_n that_o be_v lay_v together_o for_o that_o he_o mean_v when_o he_o say_v qua_fw-la res_fw-la comparatae_fw-la etc._n etc._n quantity_n be_v a_o affection_n logical_a to_o res_fw-la now_o in_o that_o he_o thus_o define_v they_o he_o do_v not_o mean_a quantae_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o the_o word_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n for_o this_o it_o be_v we_o know_v every_o thing_n have_v this_o logismos_fw-la or_o logical_a affection_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v call_v quanta_fw-la so_o quality_n may_v be_v compare_v together_o and_o be_v make_v great_a or_o less_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o finite_a nature_n of_o they_o est_fw-fr que_fw-fr parium_fw-la vel_fw-la imparium_fw-la now_o because_o there_o be_v more_o thing_n than_o degree_n of_o quantity_n for_o that_o cause_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o some_o thing_n be_v equal_o match_v and_o some_o unequal_o so_o then_o when_o we_o compare_v thing_n together_o and_o they_o be_v match_n those_o are_z paria_fw-la this_o parity_n be_v of_o those_o thing_n which_o chance_v to_o be_v equal_a pari_fw-la sunt_fw-la quorum_fw-la est_fw-la una_fw-la quantitas_fw-la first_o he_o call_v they_o paria_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v match_n or_o fellow_n or_o as_o we_o call_v they_o pair_n as_o a_o pair_n of_o glove_n or_o garter_n etc._n etc._n else_o it_o may_v be_v they_o be_v imparia_fw-la or_o dissimilia_fw-la for_o so_o sometime_o that_o word_n imparia_fw-la be_v use_v for_o dissimilia_fw-la quorum_fw-la quantitas_fw-la est_fw-la una_fw-la he_o do_v not_o mean_a that_o the_o thing_n be_v one_o but_o their_o quantity_n be_v parity_n ergo_fw-la he_o say_v quorum_fw-la quantitas_fw-la est_fw-la una_fw-la here_o he_o do_v not_o mean_a that_o their_o quantity_n be_v one_o but_o it_o be_v call_v parity_n argumentum_fw-la igitur_fw-la paris_n est_fw-la cum_fw-la par_fw-fr explicatur_fw-la a_o pari_fw-la this_o follow_v from_o the_o definition_n by_o explicatur_fw-la he_o mean_v arguitur_fw-la but_o he_o say_v explicatur_fw-la because_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o those_o to_o unfold_v one_o another_o eâ—â—sque_fw-la notae_fw-la sunt_fw-la par_fw-fr aequaie_v aequore_fw-la etc._n etc._n because_o other_o have_v not_o teach_v these_o kind_n of_o argument_n before_o ergo_fw-la he_o please_v to_o stay_v a_o while_n upon_o they_o and_o will_v teach_v we_o to_o judge_v of_o they_o by_o the_o phrase_n as_o it_o be_v but_o we_o must_v look_v at_o the_o matter_n par_fw-fr levibus_fw-la ventis_fw-la here_o crusa_n aeneas_n first_o wife_n be_v compare_v to_o the_o wind_n et_fw-la nunc_fw-la aequali_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o the_o age_n of_o one_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o age_n of_o another_o again_o the_o empire_n of_o rome_n shall_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o whole_a earth_n and_o their_o courage_n to_o the_o height_n of_o heaven_n cujus_fw-la res_fw-la gestae_fw-la at_o que_fw-la virtutes_fw-la es_fw-la &c_n &c_n now_o follow_v full_a comparison_n his_o gallant_a deed_n be_v compare_v with_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o proposition_n be_v here_o with_o what_o limit_n the_o earth_n be_v confine_v with_o they_o be_v the_o earth_n limit_v littora_fw-la quot_fw-la conchas_fw-la quot_fw-la amaena_fw-la rosaria_fw-la flores_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o be_v many_o proposition_n to_o one_o reddition_n as_o many_o shell_n as_o be_v on_o the_o sea_n shore_n &c_n &c_n so_o many_o be_v my_o adversity_n quae_fw-la si_fw-la comprendere_fw-la coner_fw-la etc._n etc._n again_o his_o repeat_n of_o they_o will_v be_v as_o if_o he_o shall_v tell_v the_o drop_n of_o the_o icarian_a sea_n huius_fw-la vero_fw-la loci_fw-la sunt_fw-la consectaria_fw-la illa_fw-la è_fw-la contrariis_fw-la quidem_fw-la orta_fw-la etc._n etc._n these_o kind_n of_o argument_n though_o they_o seem_v to_o have_v in_o they_o contrary_n yet_o by_o lay_v they_o together_o and_o see_v their_o contrary_a consequence_n they_o come_v to_o be_v comparate_v as_o sosibian_a be_v a_o servant_n to_o his_o father_n because_o his_o fatâ—er_n be_v his_o master_n exit_fw-la adversis_fw-la sunt_fw-la frequentiora_fw-la for_o the_o foâ—mer_a example_n be_v only_o true_a in_o relate_v and_o privant_n but_o ex_fw-la adversis_fw-la sunt_fw-la frequentiora_fw-la if_o one_o accuse_v he_o who_o i_o defend_v than_o i_o may_v accuse_v he_o who_o he_o defend_v quod_fw-la cum_fw-la fateantur_fw-la satis_fw-la magnam_fw-la &c_n &c_n if_o vice_n make_v miserable_a shall_v not_o virtue_n make_v happy_a contraria_fw-la enim_fw-la câ—ntrariorum_fw-la sunt_fw-la consequentia_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o rule_n hold_v not_o when_o it_o be_v genus_fw-la but_o when_o it_o follow_v from_o it_o than_o it_o will_v be_v true_a as_o i_o can_v say_v the_o father_n be_v good_a ergo_fw-la the_o son_n be_v evil_a because_o goodness_n and_o evilness_n do_v not_o follow_v from_o fatherhood_n and_o sonhood_n for_o consequentia_fw-la be_v here_o as_o arise_v from_o contrary_a cause_n or_o from_o cause_n in_o the_o thing_n or_o as_o adjunct_n dic_fw-la quibus_fw-la in_o terris_fw-la &_o eris_fw-la mihi_fw-la magnus_fw-la apollo_n etc._n etc._n this_o be_v a_o common_a argument_n among_o the_o common_a sort_n one_o propound_v a_o riddle_n and_o the_o other_o not_o be_v able_a to_o answer_v propound_v another_o and_o this_o also_o be_v common_a when_o one_o say_v give_v i_o this_o and_o i_o will_v give_v you_o that_o paria_fw-la vero_fw-la ficta_fw-la sunt_fw-la illa_fw-la etc._n etc._n now_o we_o come_v to_o ficta_fw-la paria_fw-la as_o zenophons_n wife_n will_v not_o rather_o have_v her_o neighbour_n husband_n than_o her_o own_o so_o she_o shall_v not_o rather_o desire_v his_o garment_n or_o gold_n etc._n etc._n and_o as_o zenophon_n will_v not_o rather_o have_v his_o neighbour_n wife_n than_o his_o own_o so_o he_o shall_v not_o rather_o desire_v his_o neighbour_n horse_n or_o ground_n rather_o than_o his_o own_o and_o here_o we_o see_v the_o use_n of_o the_o three_o property_n chap._n xix_o de_fw-fr majoribus_fw-la imparia_fw-la sunt_fw-la quorum_fw-la quantitas_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la una_fw-la impar_fw-la est_fw-la majus_fw-la aut_fw-la minus_fw-la majus_n est_fw-la cujus_fw-la quantitas_fw-la excedit_fw-la we_o have_v hear_v how_o thing_n may_v be_v compare_v with_o thing_n and_o this_o comparison_n be_v either_o in_o quantity_n or_o quality_n which_o quantity_n be_v a_o logical_a quantity_n not_o a_o geometrical_a quantity_n for_o it_o be_v of_o thing_n where_o geometry_n can_v be_v consider_v again_o this_o be_v general_a to_o every_o thing_n not_o special_a to_o geometry_n and_o the_o reason_n hereof_o we_o hear_v to_o be_v because_o there_o be_v more_o thing_n in_o nature_n than_o there_o be_v degree_n in_o quantity_n it_o be_v parium_fw-la or_o imparium_fw-la paria_fw-la be_v pair_n match_n and_o equal_n and_o imparia_fw-la be_v such_o as_o agree_v
part_n distribute_v objection_n but_o in_o a_o distribution_n we_o shall_v have_v but_o two_o species_n answer_n why_o be_v it_o not_o requisite_a that_o there_o shall_v always_o be_v a_o decotomie_n for_o indeed_o if_o we_o can_v find_v it_o out_o every_o thing_n be_v decotomise_v but_o the_o lord_n have_v not_o reveal_v it_o unto_o man_n but_o have_v keep_v it_o secret_a to_o himself_o objection_n singular_n have_v no_o difference_n but_o be_v distinct_a only_o by_o a_o conflux_n of_o common_a accident_n answer_n then_o singular_n shall_v not_o differ_v in_o essence_n ergo_fw-la i_o shall_v be_v the_o same_o with_o you_o and_o you_o with_o i_o the_o first_o matter_n indeed_o be_v imperfect_a but_o every_o thing_n else_o be_v a_o effect_n ergo_fw-la have_v all_o the_o cause_n ergo_fw-la the_o form_n if_o they_o ask_v i_o what_o it_o be_v i_o answer_v they_o that_o my_o soul_n be_v my_o form_n as_o they_o hold_v or_o else_o thus_o as_o my_o member_n be_v not_o another_o man_n member_n so_o my_o form_n arise_v from_o the_o part_n of_o my_o body_n be_v not_o another_o man_n form_n but_o be_v real_o distinct_a from_o it_o objection_n but_o say_v they_o the_o reasonable_a soul_n be_v general_a to_o all_o man_n answer_n there_o indeed_o may_v be_v some_o scruple_n but_o when_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o form_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o soul_n make_v up_o the_o form_n of_o a_o man_n we_o shall_v see_v every_o man_n to_o have_v a_o distinct_a form_n by_o which_o we_o shall_v know_v they_o each_o from_o other_o sic_fw-la animal_n genus_fw-la hominis_fw-la &_o bestiae_fw-la dicimus_fw-la he_o mean_v that_o genus_fw-la be_v a_o general_a totum_fw-la and_o comprehend_v the_o species_n under_o it_o for_o as_o a_o hen_n cover_v her_o chicken_n with_o her_o wing_n so_o genus_fw-la cover_v the_o species_n with_o his_o essence_n then_o again_o make_v a_o axiom_n as_o homo_fw-la est_fw-la animal_n and_o you_o shall_v see_v the_o species_n to_o be_v the_o subject_n more_o often_o than_o the_o genus_fw-la ergo_fw-la he_o say_v subjecta_fw-la genus_fw-la est_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la aut_fw-la subalternum_fw-la here_o he_o distribute_v genus_fw-la unto_o we_o show_v we_o that_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n thereof_o the_o one_o be_v generalissimum_fw-la for_o so_o indeed_o every_o genus_fw-la be_v general_a and_o have_v his_o subsistencie_n only_o in_o singularibus_fw-la and_o because_o all_o genera_fw-la do_v subsist_v in_o singularibus_fw-la ergo_fw-la all_o but_o singularia_fw-la be_v genera_fw-la hence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o say_v in_o school_n ens_fw-la and_o unum_fw-la confunduntur_fw-la species_n sub_fw-la alterna_fw-la aut_fw-la specialissima_fw-la genus_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la cujus_fw-la nullum_fw-la est_fw-la genus_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la be_v so_o call_v because_o it_o be_v most_o genus_fw-la because_o that_o can_v be_v nothing_o but_o genus_fw-la subalternum_fw-la genus_fw-la be_v genus_fw-la but_o not_o only_a genus_fw-la nor_o always_o genus_fw-la cujus_fw-la nullum_fw-la est_fw-la genus_fw-la there_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o end_n for_o as_o there_o be_v a_o low_a whereat_o we_o must_v begin_v so_o there_o must_v be_v a_o high_a above_o which_o we_o can_v go_v for_o there_o can_v be_v a_o infinitus_fw-la motus_fw-la in_o creature_n so_o the_o lord_n have_v in_o great_a wisdom_n range_v thing_n in_o their_o order_n so_o the_o common_a logician_n have_v make_v ten_o predicament_n or_o genera_fw-la generalissima_fw-la but_o the_o first_o four_o have_v logick_n use_v in_o they_o the_o rest_n be_v argument_n but_o if_o we_o will_v know_v the_o genera_fw-la generalissima_fw-la every_o art_n will_v tell_v we_o they_o best_o now_o we_o may_v ascend_v to_o ens_fw-la too_o so_o that_o ens_fw-la be_v the_o definitum_fw-la indeed_o god_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o in_o logic_n argumentum_fw-la be_v genus_fw-la generalissimum_fw-la vox_fw-la in_o grammar_n etc._n etc._n and_o all_o these_o be_v species_n of_o ens_fw-la nullum_fw-la genus_fw-la here_o he_o deny_v any_o genus_fw-la to_o stay_v our_o reason_n that_o so_o we_o may_v not_o go_v too_o far_o for_o since_o genus_fw-la arise_v from_o the_o matter_n we_o shall_v at_o last_o come_v to_o that_o which_o be_v no_o genus_fw-la but_o a_o matter_n only_o ergo_fw-la we_o must_v distribute_v this_o into_o his_o matter_n and_o form_n subalternum_fw-la genus_fw-la ut_fw-la subalternaitem_fw-la species_n quoth_v species_n huius_fw-la illius_fw-la autem_fw-la genus_fw-la est_fw-la subalternum_fw-la genus_fw-la may_v also_o be_v subalterna_fw-la species_n so_o that_o these_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o only_o differ_v in_o respect_n therefore_o one_o definition_n may_v serve_v for_o they_o both_o species_n specialissima_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la individua_fw-la in_o species_n alias_o ut_fw-la materia_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la singulares_fw-la species_n as_o before_o signify_v first_o a_o singular_a thing_n and_o other_o species_n be_v call_v species_n at_o the_o second_o hand_n but_o individua_fw-la be_v proper_o call_v species_n quae_fw-la speciuntur_fw-la now_o he_o say_v specialissima_fw-la that_o be_v indeed_o and_o proper_o as_o generalissimum_fw-la have_v not_o genus_fw-la above_o it_o so_o species_n specialissima_fw-la have_v no_o species_n under_o it_o individua_fw-la be_v here_o a_o adjunct_n to_o species_n specialissima_fw-la now_o he_o say_v individua_fw-la because_o he_o speak_v of_o division_n ergo_fw-la here_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o we_o can_v go_v no_o further_o to_o find_v any_o inferior_a species_n we_o may_v only_o divide_v it_o into_o member_n if_o we_o will_n genus_fw-la vero_fw-la &_o species_n notae_fw-la sunt_fw-la causarum_fw-la &_o effectorum_fw-la he_o do_v commorari_fw-la here_o because_o the_o school_n have_v not_o common_o receive_v that_o genus_fw-la contain_v the_o matter_n and_o common_a form_n of_o the_o species_n but_o we_o know_v a_o perfect_a definition_n lay_v out_o the_o quiddity_n of_o a_o thing_n that_o be_v the_o matter_n and_o the_o form_n now_o the_o form_n be_v there_o but_o where_o be_v the_o matter_n why_o the_o genus_fw-la contain_v the_o quiddity_n the_o essence_n the_o cause_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v a_o argument_n unswerable_a that_o the_o genus_fw-la contain_v the_o matter_n hinc_fw-la universale_fw-la est_fw-la insigne_fw-la ac_fw-la praestabile_fw-la quia_fw-la causam_fw-la declarat_fw-la the_o common_a logician_n never_o look_v after_o any_o distribution_n but_o of_o the_o integrum_fw-la into_o the_o member_n and_o of_o the_o genus_fw-la into_o the_o species_n now_o integrum_fw-la be_v common_o a_o singular_a ergo_fw-la in_o opposition_n to_o it_o they_o call_v genus_fw-la a_o universal_a then_o again_o the_o integrum_fw-la be_v make_v of_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o the_o member_n now_o they_o be_v singular_n ergo_fw-la there_o can_v arise_v nothing_o from_o they_o but_o that_o which_o be_v singular_a now_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v common_a to_o the_o species_n therefore_o by_o reason_n thereof_o it_o come_v to_o be_v universal_a and_o we_o must_v apprehend_v it_o in_o our_o mind_n object_n it_o be_v a_o great_a question_n whether_o universalia_fw-la be_v realia_fw-la or_o only_o intentionalia_fw-la answ_n true_a it_o be_v that_o every_o universal_a be_v subsistent_a in_o singularibus_fw-la so_o that_o there_o be_v true_o animal_n but_o we_o must_v look_v for_o he_o in_o individuis_fw-la for_o genus_fw-la be_v totum_fw-la partibus_fw-la essentiale_fw-la but_o if_o we_o make_v a_o abstraction_n of_o it_o from_o the_o singular_n than_o it_o be_v not_o real_a but_o here_o be_v a_o fallace_n for_o the_o universal_a still_o remain_v a_o thing_n though_o i_o thus_o consider_v it_o in_o my_o mind_n for_o i_o will_v dispute_v with_o they_o thus_o if_o it_o be_v but_o a_o phantasm_n then_o can_v it_o give_v no_o essence_n again_o when_o we_o define_v do_v we_o not_o lay_v out_o the_o thing_n ergo_fw-la if_o genus_fw-la be_v only_o mental_a it_o can_v not_o give_v essence_n so_o causa_fw-la effectum_fw-la and_o all_o other_o argument_n be_v thing_n real_a in_o nature_n howsoever_o my_o logic_n take_v hold_v of_o they_o insigne_fw-la true_a it_o be_v that_o every_o whole_a be_v general_a because_o it_o be_v totum_fw-la but_o genus_fw-la be_v universale_fw-la insigne_fw-la ac_fw-la praestabile_fw-la and_o so_o it_o appear_v for_o because_o it_o give_v esse_fw-la not_o only_o in_o a_o distribution_n but_o also_o in_o a_o definition_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v of_o great_a use_n even_o set_v in_o the_o forefront_n of_o the_o aristotelian_o quia_fw-la causam_fw-la declarat_fw-la and_o our_o knowledge_n be_v e_fw-la causis_fw-la distributio_fw-la generis_fw-la in_o species_n valde_fw-la quidem_fw-la excellit_fw-la sed_fw-la difficilis_fw-la est_fw-la &_o rara_fw-la inventu_fw-la valde_fw-la excellit_fw-la that_o be_v in_o use_n sed_fw-la difficilis_fw-la est_fw-la &_o rara_fw-la inventu_fw-la the_o reason_n be_v this_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v totum_fw-la universale_fw-la and_o give_v matter_n and_o form_n to_o the_o species_n now_o the_o form_n be_v hard_o to_o be_v find_v so_o that_o in_o common_a author_n we_o find_v this_o definition_n seldom_o but_o in_o art_n it_o
quidres_n sit_fw-la we_o hear_v that_o the_o argument_n arise_v manifold_o be_v distribution_n and_o definition_n now_o definition_n arise_v as_o it_o shall_v fall_v out_o either_o from_o agreer_n or_o disagreer_n comparate_v or_o orta_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o arise_v from_o more_o argument_n than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v after_o all_o the_o rest_n though_o in_o lay_v down_o a_o art_n it_o will_v have_v the_o first_o place_n because_o if_o it_o be_v a_o perfect_a definition_n it_o lay_v out_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o thing_n immediate_o if_o it_o be_v a_o description_n it_o lay_v down_o the_o quantity_n etc._n etc._n a_o definition_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o box_n that_o lay_v up_o all_o the_o rule_n follow_v in_o the_o art_n even_o as_o the_o body_n do_v the_o member_n definitio_fw-la for_o the_o name_n we_o know_v finis_fw-la be_v terminus_fw-la and_o belong_v to_o geometry_n we_o hear_v it_o borrow_v from_o thence_o into_o logic_n to_o signify_v a_o cause_n here_o it_o signify_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o that_o definire_fw-la be_v to_o set_v down_o the_o extreme_a or_o utmost_a point_n of_o a_o thing_n ergo_fw-la it_o must_v be_v reciprocal_a with_o the_o thing_n define_v else_o can_v it_o not_o define_v it_o for_o if_o the_o definitum_fw-la be_v large_a than_o the_o definitio_fw-la than_o it_o out-reacheth_a the_o limit_n of_o the_o thing_n if_o it_o be_v less_o than_o it_o lay_v not_o out_o the_o essence_n full_o cum_fw-la explicatur_fw-la so_o that_o definitio_fw-la do_v lay_v abroad_o explicatio_fw-la be_v a_o lay_v abroad_o the_o quiddity_n of_o a_o thing_n in_o that_o he_o say_v definitio_fw-la do_v explicare_fw-la he_o mean_v all_o the_o argument_n before_o be_v clap_v together_o in_o the_o thing_n confuse_o but_o the_o definition_n do_v lay_v they_o abroad_o as_o in_o this_o word_n dialectica_fw-la there_o be_v a_o synopsis_n of_o all_o logic_n but_o when_o i_o say_v it_o be_v ars_fw-la bene_fw-la disserendi_fw-la here_o the_o definition_n lay_v out_o all_o more_o at_o large_a the_o definite_a be_v like_o a_o pedlar_n pack_n wherein_o his_o point_n pin_n knife_n etc._n etc._n be_v shut_v up_o altogether_o and_o the_o definitio_fw-la be_v like_o the_o lay_n of_o they_o out_o or_o show_v of_o they_o to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v sell_v they_o the_o one_o may_v likewise_o be_v compare_v to_o a_o garment_n fold_v up_o the_o other_o to_o a_o garment_n spread_v abroad_o at_o large_a quid._n that_o be_v the_o essence_n for_o as_o in_o a_o perfect_a definition_n we_o may_v gather_v the_o other_o argument_n of_o a_o thing_n from_o the_o cause_n so_o in_o a_o description_n we_o may_v gather_v the_o cause_n from_o other_o argument_n this_o entity_n therefore_o or_o essence_n the_o definition_n always_o look_v at_o another_o difference_n of_o the_o definitum_fw-la and_o the_o definitio_fw-la be_v that_o the_o definitum_fw-la be_v ens_fw-la and_o the_o definitio_fw-la be_v essentia_fw-la res._n that_o be_v the_o ens_fw-la the_o subject_n of_o the_o general_a art_n that_o be_v aliquid_fw-la in_o the_o definition_n of_o argumentum_fw-la eaque_fw-la vicissim_fw-la definitio_fw-la argui_fw-la potest_fw-la as_o the_o definite_a call_v before_o res_fw-la may_v be_v argue_v a_o definitione_n so_o contra_fw-la though_o the_o definitio_fw-la be_v more_o often_o bring_v to_o argue_v the_o definite_a than_o contra_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o have_v the_o name_n definition_n not_o from_o definitum_fw-la but_o from_o the_o definitio_fw-la object_n kickerman_n say_v ramus_n will_v have_v definitio_fw-la both_o a_o argument_n and_o a_o axiom_n answ_n no_o we_o make_v it_o a_o argument_n when_o we_o speak_v proper_o we_o make_v it_o a_o axiom_n when_o we_o speak_v synecdochichos_n definitio_fw-la est_fw-la perfecta_fw-la aut_fw-la imperfecta_fw-la this_o distribution_n be_v now_o to_o good_a purpose_n for_o the_o school_n have_v not_o agree_v at_o any_o time_n of_o any_o perfect_a definition_n as_o they_o say_v homo_fw-la est_fw-la animal_n rationale_fw-la this_o be_v not_o a_o perfect_a definition_n ergo_fw-la some_o do_v add_v mortale_fw-la some_o capax_fw-la disciplinae_fw-la some_o both_o so_o that_o indeed_o we_o can_v give_v a_o perfect_a definition_n of_o any_o thing_n ergo_fw-la because_o it_o be_v so_o hard_a to_o find_v the_o special_a form_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o have_v a_o imperfect_a one_o to_o grope_v out_o the_o form_n thereby_o else_o we_o shall_v be_v undo_v if_o we_o can_v no_o way_n look_v at_o the_o essence_n of_o thing_n and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n we_o see_v the_o quiddity_n lay_v out_o perfect_o by_o a_o perfect_a definition_n and_o imperfect_o by_o a_o imperfect_a definition_n illa_fw-la proprie_fw-la definitio_fw-la haec_fw-la descriptio_fw-la dicitur_fw-la where_o we_o may_v see_v that_o perfecta_fw-la definitio_fw-la be_v proper_o the_o species_n of_o this_o definition_n and_o that_o the_o definition_n before_o be_v synecdochichal_a now_o that_o explio_fw-la catio_fw-la of_o the_o thing_n be_v perfect_a or_o imperfect_a the_o one_o call_v definitio_fw-la the_o other_o descriptio_fw-la the_o one_o contain_v the_o limitation_n of_o the_o essence_n the_o other_o the_o limitation_n of_o the_o quantity_n so_o that_o whatsoever_o have_v a_o essence_n distinct_a from_o itself_o must_v be_v limit_v ergo_fw-la may_v be_v define_v ergo_fw-la have_v their_o perfect_a definition_n though_o we_o can_v see_v what_o their_o form_n be_v definitio_fw-la perfecta_fw-la est_fw-la definitio_fw-la constancy_n solis_fw-la causis_fw-la essentiam_fw-la constituentibus_fw-la the_o reason_n be_v because_o it_o stand_v of_o more_o part_n namely_o the_o genus_fw-la and_o form_n lay_v out_o the_o composition_n of_o the_o thing_n ecausis_fw-la as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v they_o do_v give_v existere_fw-la to_o the_o definite_a solis_fw-la because_o no_o other_o argument_n come_v in_o a_o perfect_a definition_n essentiam_fw-la constituentibus_fw-la that_o be_v materia_fw-la and_o forma_fw-la but_o materia_fw-la be_v include_v in_o genere_fw-la so_o that_o definitio_fw-la be_v ortum_fw-la double_o now_o there_o be_v four_o cause_n which_o give_v esse_fw-la but_o two_o of_o they_o only_o give_v essence_n so_o that_o the_o effect_n have_v his_o substance_n from_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n not_o from_o the_o other_o cause_n quales_fw-la causa_fw-la genere_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la comprehenduntur_fw-la ramus_n do_v commorari_fw-la upon_o this_o doctrine_n show_v that_o a_o perfect_a definition_n do_v lay_v out_o the_o substantial_a quiddity_n of_o a_o thing_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o he_o say_v genere_fw-la and_o not_o materia_fw-la simple_o but_o materia_fw-la as_o it_o be_v in_o genere_fw-la be_v this_o because_o the_o genus_fw-la contain_v not_o only_o the_o matter_n but_o also_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o form_n the_o general_a form_n ergo_fw-la it_o must_v be_v the_o next_o genus_fw-la that_o we_o must_v bring_v in_o a_o perfect_a definition_n for_o if_o the_o genus_fw-la be_v more_o remote_a than_o the_o form_n of_o the_o next_o genus_fw-la must_v be_v leave_v out_o but_o if_o we_o take_v the_o next_o genus_fw-la than_o we_o bring_v in_o all_o above_o it_o et_fw-la forma_fw-la comprehenduntur_fw-la that_o be_v the_o special_a form_n the_o reason_n in_o nature_n be_v this_o we_o find_v that_o the_o totum_fw-la be_v not_o subsistent_a but_o in_o singularibus_fw-la now_o we_o find_v moreover_o that_o singular_n have_v that_o whereby_o they_o be_v singular_n beside_o for_o else_o one_o singular_a can_v not_o be_v destinct_n from_o another_o ergo_fw-la every_o singular_a must_v have_v his_o peculiar_a form_n and_o also_o his_o matter_n not_o as_o it_o be_v a_o first_o argument_n but_o as_o it_o be_v symbolice_n in_o genere_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o aenimali_fw-la &_o pars_fw-la formae_fw-la he_o mean_v of_o the_o general_a form_n for_o anima_fw-la vegetativa_fw-la and_o sensitiva_fw-la be_v the_o form_n of_o vivens_fw-la and_o so_o of_o animal_n totam_fw-la formam_fw-la hominis_fw-la as_o if_o the_o form_n of_o man_n do_v consist_v of_o these_o as_o of_o part_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o the_o truth_n be_v this_o there_o be_v in_o some_o thing_n a_o simple_a life_n in_o some_o thing_n more_o life_n as_o anima_fw-la vegetativa_fw-la be_v first_o in_o planta_fw-la now_o animal_n have_v that_o and_o somewhat_o more_o namely_o sensitiva_fw-la and_o man_n have_v both_o they_o and_o also_o reason_n so_o that_o one_o of_o the_o species_n have_v nothing_o but_o that_o which_o the_o genus_fw-la have_v namely_o vivens_fw-la and_o planta_fw-la for_o planta_fw-la be_v vivens_fw-la quae_fw-la vivit_fw-la vitam_fw-la tantum_fw-la vegetativam_fw-la and_o so_o be_v vivens_fw-la only_o tantum_fw-la make_v the_o difference_n from_o other_o now_o from_o this_o discourse_n he_o gather_v that_o a_o definition_n be_v universale_fw-la symbolum_fw-la not_o that_o singular_n can_v be_v perfect_o define_v as_o well_o as_o universals_z but_o he_o mean_v it_o be_v a_o symbolum_fw-la contain_v universal_o the_o cause_n constitute_v the_o essence_n so_o that_o the_o individuum_fw-la have_v
be_v one_o then_o in_o the_o rule_n of_o aâ—ts_n for_o as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v only_o belong_v to_o rule_n of_o art_n so_o method_n be_v almost_o and_o principal_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n though_o their_o order_n mâ—y_v be_v in_o many_o other_o thing_n quibus_fw-la quamvis_fw-la omnes_fw-la regulae_fw-la generales_fw-la sint_fw-la &_o universales_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n all_o be_v universals_z not_o that_o there_o may_v not_o be_v proper_a axiom_n in_o a_o art_n but_o he_o mean_v such_o as_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d otherwise_o if_o he_o shall_v not_o mean_v thus_o this_o generality_n will_v be_v only_o true_a of_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o general_a art_n not_o of_o the_o special_a art_n but_o though_o all_o be_v general_a carum_fw-la tamen_fw-la gradus_fw-la distinguntur_fw-la as_o they_o be_v compare_v one_o with_o another_o as_o the_o definition_n of_o logic_n be_v before_o the_o distribution_n be_v more_o general_a than_o it_o and_o so_o the_o distribution_n be_v more_o general_a than_o the_o next_o and_o so_o for_o the_o rest_n again_o the_o most_o general_a rule_n in_o disposition_n be_v more_o special_a than_o the_o last_o rule_n of_o invention_n because_o invention_n use_n be_v more_o general_a than_o judgement_n though_o the_o rule_n of_o disposition_n may_v contain_v more_o in_o it_o than_o the_o rule_n of_o invention_n contain_v in_o it_o quantoque_fw-la unaquâ—que_fw-la genelarior_fw-la erit_fw-la tanto_fw-la magis_fw-la praecedet_fw-la that_o be_v as_o it_o be_v pro_fw-la naturae_fw-la suae_fw-la claritate_fw-la praeponendum_fw-la so_o must_v it_o be_v place_v generalissima_fw-la loco_fw-la &_o ordine_fw-la prima_fw-la erit_fw-la quia_fw-la lumine_fw-la &_o notitia_fw-la prima_fw-la est_fw-la this_o be_v the_o course_n of_o nature_n to_o proceed_v from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o low_a for_o so_o we_o must_v place_v thing_n the_o reason_n follow_v now_o indeed_o ramus_n himself_o take_v no_o great_a pain_n about_o art_n in_o general_n and_o therefore_o imagine_v that_o every_o definition_n in_o art_n be_v absolute_o first_o whereas_o in_o very_a truth_n none_o of_o they_o be_v absolute_o first_o but_o only_o that_o rule_n of_o encyclopaedia_fw-la subalternae_fw-la consequentiae_fw-la sequentur_fw-la quia_fw-la claritate_fw-la sunt_fw-la proximae_fw-la atque_fw-la ex_fw-la his_fw-la natura_fw-la notiores_fw-la preponentur_fw-la minus_fw-la notae_fw-la substituentur_fw-la tandemque_fw-la specialissimae_fw-la constituentur_fw-la among_o subaltern_n some_o be_v more_o general_a and_o some_o be_v more_o special_a ramus_n here_o speak_v allegorical_o allude_v to_o genus_fw-la and_o species_n subalternae_fw-la and_o specialissimae_fw-la in_o invention_n and_o here_o special_a rule_n be_v all_o one_o with_o other_o in_o themselves_o though_o not_o in_o comparison_n with_o they_o definitio_fw-la itaque_fw-la generalissima_fw-la prima_fw-la erit_fw-la ramus_n mean_v the_o definitio_fw-la and_o the_o definitum_fw-la not_o dâ—finitio_fw-la the_o argument_n now_o this_o must_v be_v first_o why_o one_o will_v think_v it_o shall_v rather_o be_v last_o because_o a_o perfect_a definition_n intend_v to_o lay_v down_o the_o whole_a essence_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o before_o a_o man_n can_v know_v a_o piece_n of_o a_o thing_n he_o must_v know_v it_o in_o the_o whole_a as_o it_o be_v comprise_v in_o a_o brief_a from_o the_o near_a cause_n thereof_o distributio_fw-la sequitur_fw-la quae_fw-la si_fw-la multiplex_fw-la fuerit_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o so_o we_o hear_v that_o a_o definition_n be_v manifold_a integri_fw-la in_o membra_fw-la generis_fw-la in_o species_n etc._n etc._n because_o as_o the_o definition_n lay_v out_o the_o whole_a in_o one_o lump_n at_o once_o from_o the_o cause_n which_o be_v the_o utmost_a thing_n so_o in_o a_o distribution_n there_o be_v the_o whole_a but_o lay_v out_o distributive_o in_o his_o part_n so_o that_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n of_o they_o and_o the_o follow_a rule_n do_v prosecute_v every_o part_n according_a to_o their_o place_n praecedit_fw-la in_o part_n integras_fw-la partitio_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v because_o the_o membra_fw-la make_v up_o the_o whole_a and_o be_v cause_n thereof_o as_o the_o definition_n be_v of_o the_o thing_n define_v again_o the_o distributio_fw-la of_o generis_fw-la in_o species_n be_v from_o the_o effect_n and_o they_o be_v after_o the_o cause_n ergo_fw-la distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la causis_fw-la must_v go_v before_o they_o again_o a_o distribution_n of_o the_o integrum_fw-la into_o the_o member_n in_o a_o art_n be_v common_a to_o a_o distribution_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la into_o the_o species_n as_o for_o example_n in_o grammar_n vox_fw-la be_v divide_v as_o integrum_fw-la into_o litera_fw-la and_o syllaba_fw-la and_o both_o letter_n and_o syllable_n be_v general_a to_o vox_fw-la numeri_fw-la and_o sine_fw-la numero_fw-la which_o be_v the_o species_n of_o vox_fw-la sequitur_fw-la divisio_fw-la in_o species_n etc._n etc._n but_o if_o there_o be_v a_o distribution_n of_o the_o subject_n into_o the_o adjunct_n they_o must_v go_v before_o distributio_fw-la generis_fw-la in_o species_n as_o affirmatum_fw-la and_o negatum_fw-la axioma_fw-la must_v go_v before_o simplex_fw-la and_o compositum_fw-la because_o the_o adjunct_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o a_o axiom_n in_o general_n again_o if_o we_o set_v a_o distribution_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la into_o the_o species_n before_o a_o distribution_n ex_fw-la adjunctis_fw-la we_o must_v handle_v the_o species_n distinct_o ergo_fw-la there_o will_v be_v no_o room_n for_o distributio_fw-la ex_fw-la adjunctis_fw-la to_o come_v in_o but_o we_o must_v know_v that_o we_o seldom_o have_v these_o distribution_n of_o the_o same_o art_n for_o where_o there_o be_v distributio_fw-la integri_fw-la in_o membra_fw-la there_o be_v seldom_o distributio_fw-la generis_fw-la in_o species_n though_o there_o may_v be_v either_o of_o these_o and_o likewise_o a_o distribution_n ex_fw-la adjunctis_fw-la et_fw-la transitionum_fw-la vinculis_fw-la si_fw-la longior_fw-la inter_fw-la eas_fw-la intersit_fw-la explicatio_fw-la colligandae_fw-la sunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o give_v we_o here_o a_o note_n by_o the_o way_n that_o if_o the_o distribution_n go_v long_o before_o that_o then_o we_o shall_v use_v a_o transition_n from_o one_o part_n to_o another_o so_o that_o here_o we_o see_v the_o use_n of_o a_o transition_n and_o that_o it_o belong_v to_o method_n and_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o bridge_n to_o go_v from_o one_o thing_n to_o another_o and_o it_o serve_v auditorem_fw-la reficere_fw-la ac_fw-la recreare_fw-la omnes_fw-la definitiones_fw-la distributiones_fw-la regulae_fw-la grammaticae_fw-la repertae_fw-la sint_fw-la atque_fw-la unaquaeque_fw-la sigillatim_fw-la judicata_fw-la etc._n etc._n ramus_n suppose_v every_o rule_n of_o art_n already_o invent_v and_o judge_v how_o shall_v we_o dispose_v they_o not_o by_o any_o rule_v before_o but_o only_o by_o method_n which_o be_v behind_o for_o we_o speak_v of_o order_n as_o first_o the_o definition_n of_o grammar_n than_o the_o distribution_n because_o part_n simul_fw-la sumpta_fw-la be_v equivolent_a to_o the_o whole_a and_o let_v a_o art_n be_v lay_v down_o thus_o and_o we_o shall_v see_v every_o thing_n plain_o and_o evident_o chap._n xix_o de_fw-fr secunda_fw-la methodi_fw-la illustratione_fw-la per_fw-la exempla_fw-la poetarum_fw-la oratorum_fw-la historicorum_fw-la atqui_fw-la methodus_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la in_o materia_fw-la artium_fw-la &_o doctrinarum_fw-la adhibetur_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la rebus_fw-la quas_fw-la facile_fw-la &_o perspicue_n doc_fw-fr ere_o volumus_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o aristotle_n say_v in_o the_o first_o of_o his_o ethick_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n so_o every_o thing_n may_v orderly_o be_v lay_v down_o quas_fw-la facile_fw-la etc._n etc._n therefore_o poet_n orator_n etc._n etc._n observe_v this_o rule_n howbeit_o they_o do_v not_o usque_fw-la quaque_fw-la ingredi_fw-la and_o insistere_fw-la as_o art_n require_v virgilius_n in_o georgicus_n etc._n etc._n hactenus_fw-la avorum_fw-la cultus_fw-la &_o sidera_fw-la coeli_fw-la nunc_fw-la te_fw-la bacche_fw-it canam_fw-la poetry_n be_v a_o general_a art_n ergo_fw-la a_o poet_n be_v a_o general_a author_n therefore_o ramus_n bring_v example_n out_o of_o poetry_n to_o show_v this_o general_a art_n of_o logic_n virgil_n for_o example_n handle_v georgic_n that_o be_v husbandry_n and_o divide_v it_o into_o four_o part_n in_o his_o first_o book_n he_o handle_v that_o which_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o husbandry_n but_o his_o distribution_n be_v not_o so_o good_a as_o it_o shall_v be_v if_o it_o be_v a_o art_n for_o virgil_n do_v as_o kickerman_n use_v to_o do_v namely_o divide_v it_o into_o its_o common_a property_n and_o into_o its_o special_a property_n common_a as_o astrologia_n meteorologia_fw-la than_o he_o come_v by_o a_o transition_n to_o tree_n then_o by_o a_o more_o imperfect_a transition_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr bobus_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o a_o transition_n be_v perfect_a or_o imperfect_a a_o perfect_a one_o consist_v of_o a_o
down_o the_o procreant_a and_o conservant_n cause_n of_o a_o trope_n and_o for_o necessity_n though_o grammar_n be_v as_o large_a as_o logic_n yea_o as_o large_a as_o our_o thought_n yet_o at_o the_o first_o it_o be_v not_o yea_o they_o use_v to_o say_v the_o heart_n can_v comprehend_v she_o own_o thought_n and_o again_o because_o thing_n at_o the_o first_o be_v so_o many_o that_o they_o can_v not_o ready_o give_v the_o proper_a name_n of_o every_o thing_n hence_o arise_v trope_n afterward_o these_o trope_n be_v sweet_a and_o pleasant_a and_o therefore_o they_o will_v let_v they_o go_v no_o more_o nam_fw-la ut_fw-la vest_n be_v frigoris_fw-la etc._n etc._n man_n at_o first_o need_v not_o clothes_n but_o now_o by_o reason_n of_o sin_n the_o temper_n of_o his_o body_n and_o external_a cold_a together_o cause_v cold_a he_o need_v clothes_n which_o he_o use_v not_o only_o for_o heat_n but_o also_o for_o ornament_n so_o for_o trope_n though_o necessity_n bring_v they_o in_o yet_o decency_n do_v hold_v they_o delectat_fw-la autem_fw-la ideo_fw-la etc._n etc._n because_o it_o be_v witty_a to_o let_v pass_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v before_o our_o foot_n second_o because_o our_o cogitation_n be_v refresh_v by_o they_o for_o variety_n delight_v as_o there_o be_v in_o trope_n and_o even_o as_o if_o we_o see_v speech_n in_o his_o holiday_n garment_n haec_fw-la igitur_fw-la prima_fw-la sunt_fw-la these_o be_v the_o first_o sause_n and_o remedy_n to_o make_v speech_n look_v red_a and_o white_a sedtamen_fw-la verecund_a etc._n etc._n here_o be_v a_o propriety_n a_o trope_n must_v be_v bashful_a and_o shamefaced_a not_o bring_v in_o by_o another_o or_o come_v in_o rush_v perforce_o but_o gentle_a and_o lead_v by_o the_o hand_n or_o i_o pray_v you_o ceme_fw-la in_fw-la now_o to_o all_o kinf_n of_o trope_n there_o be_v certain_a general_a affection_n and_o those_o be_v either_o in_o one_o word_n alone_o or_o in_o the_o continuance_n of_o more_o word_n together_o those_o which_o be_v in_o one_o word_n alone_o be_v either_o such_o as_o be_v too_o hard_a and_o harsh_a or_o too_o bold_a and_o proud_a such_o as_o be_v pull_v in_o by_o the_o ear_n and_o be_v more_o sausy_a now_o these_o be_v general_a affection_n of_o trope_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o they_o be_v this_o we_o have_v hear_v what_o a_o trope_n be_v namely_o where_o a_o word_n be_v change_v from_o his_o natural_a signification_n into_o another_o now_o because_o that_o for_o want_v of_o word_n we_o can_v ready_o give_v a_o fit_a word_n that_o be_v tropical_a therefore_o we_o be_v force_v to_o bring_v they_o in_o more_o harsh_o sometime_o and_o more_o proud_o now_o that_o which_o be_v more_o harsh_a be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d abusio_fw-la tropi_fw-la which_o come_v of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d abutor_fw-la that_o be_v a_o word_n which_o be_v abuse_v more_o unkind_o or_o a_o word_n hardly_o entertain_v it_o be_v call_v of_o the_o grammarian_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d tunc_fw-la ego_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o i_o may_v only_o hope_v for_o this_o grief_n here_o be_v a_o harsh_a trope_n for_o spes_n be_v expectatio_fw-la boni_fw-la and_o metus_fw-la or_o timâ—r_fw-la expectatio_fw-la mali_fw-la so_o that_o here_o be_v either_o a_o synechdochy_n or_o a_o catachrestical_a irony_n now_o for_o hyperbole_n that_o have_v no_o affinity_n with_o catachrésis_n for_o a_o hyperbole_n be_v very_o usual_a and_o commendable_a neither_o be_v there_o any_o harshness_n in_o it_o but_o it_o be_v a_o little_a too_o proud_a but_o catachrésis_n be_v harsh_a and_o not_o use_v but_o of_o poet_n only_o not_o of_o orator_n at_o least_o very_o seldom_o gladium_fw-la vagina_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o be_v also_o harsh_a for_o we_o rather_o say_v vagina_n &_o gladio_fw-la vacua_fw-la than_o gladius_fw-la est_fw-la vagina_fw-la vacuus_fw-la vacuum_n here_o be_v a_o metaphour_n h._n e._n exutum_fw-la hyperbole_n est_fw-la audacia_fw-la tropi_fw-la of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v carry_v above_o and_o this_o affection_n signify_v that_o for_o which_o it_o be_v fetch_v it_o very_o kind_o but_o proud_o and_o so_o as_o it_o do_v inhaunch_v and_o increase_v the_o matter_n to_o very_o good_a purpose_n and_o this_o affection_n be_v very_o commenadble_a and_o usual_a especial_o in_o scripture_n meiosis_n diminutio_fw-la which_o be_v contrary_a to_o hyperbole_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o synechdochy_n of_o the_o species_n for_o the_o genus_fw-la the_o second_o affection_n of_o trope_n in_o the_o continuance_n of_o more_o word_n be_v call_v allegoria_fw-la which_o be_v continuatio_fw-la troporum_fw-la yet_o those_o trope_n must_v be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o trope_n as_o they_o must_v be_v all_o of_o they_o either_o metonymy_n metaphor_n ironye_n or_o synechdochye_n not_o one_o a_o metonymy_n another_o a_o irony_n and_o another_o a_o metaphor_n and_o another_o a_o synecdochy_n it_o have_v his_o notation_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sedin_n allegoria_fw-la tenendum_fw-la that_o be_v in_o a_o allegory_n look_v from_o what_o thing_n we_o first_o fetch_v our_o allegory_n with_o the_o same_o thing_n must_v we_o end_v as_o if_o i_o begin_v with_o a_o ship_n i_o must_v end_v with_o a_o ship_n for_o if_o i_o begin_v with_o a_o ship_n and_o end_n with_o a_o plough_n inconsequentia_fw-la foedissima_fw-la fuerit_fw-la so_o also_o we_o see_v in_o the_o gospel_n how_o the_o allegory_n of_o dives_n and_o lazarus_n be_v continue_v how_o they_o be_v there_o feast_v and_o afterward_o how_o they_o be_v to_o feast_v in_o another_o place_n where_o dives_n have_v such_o a_o dry_a feast_n as_o he_o desire_v but_o the_o tip_n of_o his_o finger_n to_o cool_v he_o withal_o but_o how_o lazarus_n be_v take_v into_o a_o joyful_a feast_n yea_o even_o into_o abraham_n bosom_n where_o we_o may_v see_v even_o by_o this_o rule_n what_o be_v mean_v in_o this_o place_n by_o abraham_n bosom_n namely_o that_o lazarus_n sit_v in_o heaven_n next_o unto_o abraham_n so_o be_v the_o allegory_n continue_v from_o the_o thing_n he_o do_v fetch_v it_o and_o this_o rule_n be_v of_o great_a use_n in_o scripture_n for_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n in_o many_o place_n which_o otherwise_o may_v seem_v dark_a now_o for_o he_o that_o give_v his_o fellow_n a_o box_n on_o the_o ear_n which_o fell_v he_o and_o yet_o say_v nisi_fw-la tetigi_fw-la what_o affection_n be_v this_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o hyperbole_n of_o his_o own_o commendation_n as_o if_o he_o can_v do_v more_o with_o a_o touch_n than_o other_o with_o a_o great_a stroke_n chap._n iii_o troporum_fw-la genera_fw-la duo_fw-la sunt_fw-la primum_fw-la est_fw-la metonymia_fw-la &_o ironia_fw-la this_o distribution_n of_o the_o kind_n of_o trope_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o thing_n whence_o they_o be_v borrow_v and_o those_o from_o the_o argument_n of_o invention_n the_o second_o distribution_n be_v from_o simple_a argument_n metonymy_fw-la est_fw-la tropus_fw-la causae_fw-la ad_fw-la effect_n subj_fw-la ad_fw-la adjunct_n vel_fw-la contrà _fw-la here_o be_v definitio_fw-la ex_fw-la distributione_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v be_v absolutè_fw-la vel_fw-la modo_fw-la quodam_fw-la consentaneorum_fw-la which_o be_v show_v by_o the_o induction_n of_o the_o species_n but_o because_o not_o every_o cause_n be_v put_v tropical_o for_o every_o effect_n nor_o è_fw-la contrà _fw-la neither_o every_o subj_fw-la for_o every_o adj_fw-la nor_o è_fw-la contrà _fw-la therefore_o he_o choose_v rather_o to_o keep_v himself_o close_o by_o these_o species_n then_o to_o speak_v general_o metonymy_fw-la of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o change_n of_o the_o name_n which_o be_v true_a of_o every_o trope_n but_o because_o use_v have_v receive_v we_o content_v ourselves_o with_o it_o know_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o it_o or_o if_o you_o will_v make_v it_o a_o synecdochy_n of_o the_o genus_fw-la for_o the_o species_n and_o this_o trope_n be_v first_o for_o that_o the_o argument_n whence_o they_o be_v borrow_v be_v first_o and_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o cause_n be_v put_v for_o the_o effect_n be_v because_o it_o give_v esse_fw-la to_o the_o effect_n so_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o effect_n be_v put_v for_o the_o cause_n be_v because_o it_o have_v its_o esse_fw-la from_o the_o cause_n so_o why_o the_o subj_fw-la be_v put_v for_o the_o adjunct_n because_o the_o adjunct_n in_o esse_fw-la be_v in_o the_o subj_fw-la et_fw-la contrà _fw-la so_o that_o this_o trope_n be_v of_o consentany_a argument_n metonymy_fw-la causae_fw-la est_fw-la efficieintis_n aut_fw-la materiae_fw-la here_o also_o be_v a_o definition_n of_o the_o metonymy_a of_o the_o cause_n ex_fw-la distributionne_n there_o be_v not_o any_o trope_n of_o the_o other_o cause_n neither_o form_n nor_o end_n not_o of_o the_o form_n
but_o spiritual_a quantity_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o their_o subtle_a quantity_n and_o because_o they_o have_v quantity_n hence_o they_o must_v be_v under_o some_o figure_n and_o they_o have_v their_o place_n and_o that_o be_v one_o passionis_fw-la actionis_fw-la by_o virtue_n of_o the_o form_n there_o arise_v actio_fw-la by_o virtue_n of_o the_o matter_n passio_fw-la yet_o they_o arise_v from_o they_o both_o but_o more_o especial_o from_o the_o one_o than_o the_o other_o for_o every_o thing_n be_v effectum_fw-la ergo_fw-la it_o have_v cause_n ergo_fw-la these_o cause_n do_v agere_fw-la ergo_fw-la the_o effect_n do_v pati_fw-la so_o that_o every_o nature_n do_v pati_fw-la and_o again_o every_o nature_n have_v principia_fw-la from_o whence_o come_v actio_fw-la hence_o be_v these_o most_o general_a yet_o passio_fw-la before_o because_o it_o come_v more_o principal_o from_o the_o matter_n as_o also_o because_o every_o thing_n do_v pati_fw-la in_o its_o very_a generation_n before_o it_o be_v perfect_a and_o the_o materiale_a do_v pati_fw-la and_o the_o formale_a agere_fw-la yet_o the_o materiale_a do_v agere_fw-la also_o so_o aristotle_n say_v materia_fw-la do_v appetere_fw-la formam_fw-la ut_fw-la foemina_fw-la virum_fw-la crassity_n tenuitas_fw-la crassity_n come_v from_o the_o contraction_n of_o the_o matter_n as_o tenuitas_fw-la from_o the_o extension_n of_o the_o form_n in_o the_o matter_n and_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v be_v crassum_fw-la and_o tenue_n and_o as_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a limitatio_fw-la of_o every_o thing_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o principia_fw-la so_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a limitation_n in_o regard_n of_o extension_n and_o contraction_n in_o they_o tenuitas_fw-la voco_fw-la &_o subtilitas_fw-la subtilitas_fw-la we_o call_v slenderness_n subtilitas_fw-la be_v the_o form_n spin_v of_o the_o matter_n by_o the_o form_n crassity_n contra_fw-la so_o take_v a_o portion_n of_o the_o first_o matter_n and_o put_v the_o form_n of_o fire_n upon_o it_o and_o it_o will_v spin_v it_o fine_a than_o the_o form_n of_o air_n will_v do_v and_o so_o the_o rest_n so_o that_o the_o act_n of_o the_o form_n on_o the_o matter_n extend_v it_o cause_v subtlety_n crassity_n be_v contrà _fw-la again_o every_o thing_n have_v porositie_n in_o it_o and_o so_o it_o rend_v and_o it_o be_v requisite_a there_o shall_v be_v porosity_n in_o every_o element_n for_o that_o there_o must_v be_v apposition_n of_o element_n and_o that_o there_o must_v be_v as_o in_o the_o earth_n that_o it_o may_v bring_v forth_o fruit_n and_o that_o which_o kickerman_n call_v impurity_n in_o the_o element_n be_v nothing_o but_o this_o apposition_n of_o they_o and_o for_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o three_o region_n of_o the_o air_n it_o come_v in_o the_o meteor_n as_o not_o be_v so_o distinguish_v as_o it_o be_v a_o element_n but_o as_o the_o meteor_n be_v in_o it_o gravitas_fw-la levitas_n gravitas_fw-la and_o levitas_n do_v arise_v from_o the_o continual_a act_n of_o the_o form_n for_o where_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o form_n and_o little_a matter_n there_o be_v most_o levity_n so_o in_o the_o high_a heaven_n because_o the_o principia_fw-la be_v together_o and_o there_o be_v much_o act_n of_o the_o form_n hence_o be_v it_o most_o light_a and_o have_v the_o high_a place_n and_o gravity_n be_v a_o privation_n as_o it_o be_v of_o levity_n as_o opacity_n be_v of_o light_n and_o so_o the_o same_o matter_n may_v be_v more_o light_n by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o form_n not_o more_o grave_a and_o so_o the_o first_o matter_n be_v most_o grave_a because_o it_o be_v without_o form_n and_o as_o it_o be_v every_o thing_n imperfect_o so_o it_o be_v in_o loco_fw-la and_o be_v quantum_fw-la imperfect_o though_o limit_n of_o place_n and_o quantity_n be_v so_o far_o as_o matter_n and_o form_n reach_v and_o it_o be_v without_o form_n ergo_fw-la imperfect_a and_o for_o so_o many_o legion_n of_o spirit_n in_o a_o man_n body_n we_o be_v to_o imagine_v they_o to_o have_v distinct_a place_n so_o when_o we_o pull_v a_o thing_n we_o will_v have_v it_o in_o two_o place_n ergo_fw-la it_o rend_v and_o act_n be_v either_o internal_a when_o the_o form_n extend_v the_o matter_n and_o hence_o be_v subtilitas_fw-la and_o crassity_n and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a arise_v of_o subtilitas_fw-la some_o say_v it_o arise_v from_o heat_n and_o rarity_n but_o there_o may_v be_v subtlety_n where_o these_o be_v not_o as_o in_o the_o high_a heaven_n and_o this_o be_v plain_a in_o the_o element_n which_o have_v one_o common_a matter_n and_o yet_o by_o their_o form_n they_o be_v more_o or_o less_o extend_v neither_o be_v heat_n the_o cause_n of_o extension_n for_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v more_o extend_v if_o the_o form_n of_o water_n be_v in_o it_o again_o when_o the_o form_n extend_v the_o matter_n beyond_o its_o reach_n till_o it_o rend_v this_o be_v rarity_n gravitas_fw-la be_v from_o more_o matter_n and_o less_o form_n levitas_fw-la contrà _fw-la the_o external_a act_n be_v of_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n raritas_fw-la and_o densitas_fw-la rarity_n be_v the_o extension_n of_o the_o matter_n by_o the_o form_n that_o it_o rent_n and_o become_v porose_n and_o so_o be_v every_o thing_n for_o if_o angel_n can_v extend_v themselves_o then_o it_o be_v from_o their_o rarity_n and_o density_n and_o ergo_fw-la from_o porosity_n and_o so_o for_o adam_n and_o the_o patriarch_n and_o the_o rest_n they_o be_v in_o the_o high_a heaven_n there_o must_v needs_o be_v cessio_fw-la corporum_fw-la and_o there_o must_v be_v no_o vacuum_n ergo_fw-la there_o be_v a_o caelestis_fw-la aura_fw-fr that_o do_v cedere_fw-la scaliger_n say_v when_o the_o air_n be_v extend_v it_o be_v porosus_fw-la and_o yet_o he_o can_v tell_v what_o it_o be_v that_o be_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o it_o for_o if_o it_o be_v air_n than_o it_o shall_v still_o be_v one_o continue_a body_n with_o it_o but_o all_o the_o element_n be_v together_o by_o apposition_n so_o that_o there_o be_v other_o element_n in_o it_o and_o raritas_fw-la and_o densitas_fw-la be_v not_o quality_n say_v aristotle_n but_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o part_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o ratio_fw-la and_o these_o may_v be_v of_o the_o same_o thing_n as_o the_o air_n may_v be_v more_o rare_a and_o more_o dense_a and_o these_o be_v internal_a act_n the_o external_a act_n the_o power_n of_o action_n and_o passion_n for_o where_o there_o be_v much_o potentia_fw-la actionis_fw-la there_o must_v be_v much_o potentia_fw-la passionis_fw-la and_o so_o antipathy_n where_o if_o there_o be_v much_o action_n than_o there_o must_v be_v patientis_fw-la fuga_fw-la or_o else_o it_o perish_v now_o where_o there_o be_v much_o action_n and_o affection_n to_o his_o like_a as_o be_v cause_n effect_n subject_n or_o adjunct_n this_o be_v sympathy_n multiplex_fw-la &_o discontinuum_fw-la unum_fw-la mundum_fw-la efficit_fw-la ordine_fw-la et_fw-la hinc_fw-la ascensus_fw-la descensus_fw-la multiplex_fw-la &_o discontinuum_fw-la unum_fw-la mundum_fw-la efficit_fw-la contiguitate_fw-la &_o hinc_fw-la nullum_fw-la datur_fw-la vacuum_fw-la the_o world_n consist_v of_o many_o part_n which_o be_v not_o continua_fw-la but_o contigua_fw-la yet_o we_o may_v call_v the_o world_n one_o as_o he_o that_o make_v it_o be_v one_o scilicet_fw-la in_o method_n or_o order_n not_o in_o continue_a quantity_n and_o by_o reason_n that_o all_o thing_n be_v one_o by_o method_n hence_o there_o can_v be_v no_o vacuum_n first_o because_o there_o will_v be_v a_o crypsis_n of_o this_o method_n again_o vacuum_n be_v non_fw-la ens_fw-la but_o only_o ens_fw-la à _fw-la primo_fw-la be_v part_n of_o the_o world_n ergo_fw-la not_z non_fw-la ens_fw-la for_o nothing_o can_v be_v a_o part_n of_o something_o nature_n be_v manifold_a but_o it_o be_v make_v one_o by_o method_n as_o every_o rule_n of_o logic_n be_v divers_a in_o themselves_o but_o make_v but_o one_o act_n by_o method_n so_o nature_n be_v manifold_a in_o itself_o be_v make_v one_o by_o method_n and_o here_o be_v a_o great_a many_o controversy_n answer_v as_o that_o the_o world_n be_v not_o one_o by_o continuity_n but_o method_n we_o know_v be_v the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n according_a to_o which_o god_n create_v and_o govern_v thing_n ergo_fw-la the_o thing_n do_v appetere_fw-la their_o place_n as_o god_n have_v place_v they_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o thing_n ascend_v and_o descend_v some_o say_v it_o be_v for_o their_o own_o preservation_n which_o indeed_o be_v the_o final_a cause_n but_o the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v method_n and_o as_o a_o painter_n when_o he_o paint_v a_o thing_n shall_v make_v a_o deformity_n if_o he_o shall_v set_v thing_n out_o of_o order_n so_o nature_n if_o thing_n shall_v not_o be_v right_o place_v so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o crypsis_n of_o method_n and_o here_o come_v in_o the_o world_n which_o be_v multiplex_n and_o discontinua_fw-la natura_fw-la here_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o