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Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
cause_n king_n prince_n time_n 3,325 5 3.4597 3 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A16489 Relations of the most famous kingdomes and common-wealths thorowout the world discoursing of their situations, religions, languages, manners, customes, strengths, greatnesse, and policies. Translated out of the best Italian impression of Boterus. And since the last edition by R.I. now once againe inlarged according to moderne observation; with addition of new estates and countries. Wherein many of the oversights both of the author and translator, are amended. And unto which, a mappe of the whole world, with a table of the countries, are now newly added.; Relazioni universali. English Botero, Giovanni, 1540-1617.; Johnson, Robert, fl. 1586-1626. 1630 (1630) STC 3404; ESTC S106541 447,019 654

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particoloured_a ensign_n these_o and_o such_o like_a furniture_n do_v cause_n they_o to_o be_v discern_v of_o their_o fellow_n make_v they_o seem_v terrible_a to_o their_o enemy_n and_o do_v encourage_v their_o mind_n to_o fierceness_n and_o prowess_n their_o horse_n be_v but_o small_a yet_o very_o nimble_a and_o far_o more_o courageous_a than_o the_o dutch._n it_o be_v think_v that_o upon_o necessity_n poland_n be_v able_a to_o raise_v a_o hundred_o thousand_o horse_n force_n and_o lituania_fw-mi seventy_o thousand_o but_o far_o inferior_a in_o goodness_n to_o the_o polish_v they_o have_v so_o great_a trust_n in_o the_o great_a number_n of_o their_o horse_n that_o nothing_o fear_v the_o power_n of_o any_o enemy_n they_o regard_v not_o the_o build_n of_o fortress_n but_o resolve_v that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v their_o country_n their_o wife_n and_o child_n their_o liberty_n and_o good_n in_o the_o open_a field_n against_o any_o prince_n whatsoever_o boast_v that_o in_o 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be_v all_o in_o all_o they_o be_v better_o content_v
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never_o go_v about_o by_o recital_n of_o our_o ancestor_n
distress_n and_o labour_n of_o war_n but_o by_o night_n they_o never_o go_v upon_o any_o service_n by_o itself_o alone_o this_o nation_n have_v do_v nothing_o of_o reckon_n but_o accompany_v with_o other_o it_o have_v make_v good_a assay_n of_o its_o own_o valour_n always_o boast_v of_o the_o take_n of_o the_o french_a king_n of_o the_o victory_n of_o germany_n of_o the_o enterprise_n of_o the_o tercer_n and_o of_o the_o happy_a fight_n at_o the_o curzolary_n without_o once_o remember_v their_o contrary_a success_n of_o goletta_n algiers_n and_o england_n of_o ordinary_a revenue_n from_o italy_n italy_n it_o receive_v four_o million_o of_o gold_n much_o of_o that_o of_o naples_n be_v pawn_v the_o which_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sicily_n do_v yearly_o supply_v by_o send_v thither_o ordinary_o four_o thousand_o crown_n and_o the_o council_n of_o spain_n take_v order_n for_o the_o rest_n these_o state_n in_o italy_n be_v defend_v from_o the_o force_n of_o border_a prince_n partly_o by_o 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by_o year_n but_o they_o now_o yield_v a_o exceed_a commodity_n to_o this_o king_n for_o in_o some_o year_n past_a comprehend_v the_o bull_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o other_o confiscation_n in_o those_o part_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o thence_o ten_o million_o of_o gold_n yea_o fifteen_o and_o seventeen_o million_o many_o year_n since_o that_o his_o highness_n minister_n do_v still_o procure_v some_o new_a gain_n in_o those_o part_n and_o the_o people_n still_o continue_v their_o navigation_n thither_o with_o more_o gain_n upon_o their_o return_n than_o one_o hundred_o for_o another_o the_o merchant_n carry_v thither_o wine_n woollen-cloth_n and_o other_o merchandise_n of_o these_o part_n and_o bring_v from_o thence_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o over_z and_o beside_o divers_a sort_n of_o spice_n a_o great_a quantity_n of_o goldi●_n by_o extraction_n of_o which_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o mine_n be_v no_o whit_n diminish_v but_o it_o seem_v that_o they_o do_v rather_o daily_o more_o and_o more_o increase_n and_o multiply_v in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o countryman_n in_o till_v the_o ground_n do_v find_v great-store_n thereof_o together_o with_o the_o clod_n of_o earth_n when_o they_o dig_v it_o up_o and_o in_o my_o time_n there_o be_v discover_v a_o mine_n of_o quicksilver_n which_o will_v yield_v exceed_v profit_n and_o incredible_a gain_n true_a it_o be_v that_o all_o these_o profit_n have_v their_o interest_n but_o they_o arise_v not_o to_o above_o twenty_o in_o the_o hundred_o lay_v out_o by_o reason_n of_o convoy_n for_o security_n of_o the_o fleet._n for_o there_o be_v always_o maintain_v strong_a guard_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o java_n apt_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o situation_n to_o give_v the_o empire_n of_o all_o these_o part_n to_o he_o that_o can_v make_v himself_o once_o master_n thereof_o the_o soldier_n which_o he_o send_v into_o these_o part_n have_v for_o their_o pay_n two_o crown_n a_o month_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o land-souldier_n the_o guarder_n of_o the_o fort_n and_o the_o galley_n which_o he_o maintain_v for_o this_o purpose_n be_v a_o special_a cause_n that_o his_o majesty_n expend_v in_o interest_n and_o charge_n among_o the_o indies_n more_o by_o a_o great_a deal_n than_o a_o million_o and_o a_o half_a of_o gold_n which_o make_v i_o nothing_o to_o wonder_v that_o although_o this_o king_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o abundance_n of_o treasure_n and_o many_o other_o infinite_a riches_n bring_v yearly_a from_o the_o indies_n shall_v seem_v to_o be_v rich_a than_o other_o prince_n and_o his_o state_n much_o more_o wealthy_a and_o abundant_a yet_o in_o truth_n the_o great_a turk_n not_o have_v any_o mine_n of_o gold_n be_v more_o mighty_a and_o far_o wealthy_a and_o so_o in_o true_a interpretation_n be_v france_n england_n and_o netherlands_n as_o late_a experience_n the_o touchstone_n of_o ambiguity_n have_v full_o discover_v whereupon_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o this_o crown_n be_v either_o much_o hinder_v by_o engagement_n in_o war_n want_v of_o homebred_a necessity_n or_o by_o uncertain_a return_n of_o its_o fleet_n subject_a every_o year_n to_o the_o casualty_n of_o sea_n current_n and_o surprisal_n if_o these_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o so_o many_o cross_n as_o our_o eye_n have_v late_o discover_v then_o sure_o his_o neighbour_a prince_n must_v be_v think_v to_o be_v lord_n of_o a_o valiant_a people_n than_o be_v his_o spanish_a for_o say_v they_o it_o appear_v by_o record_n from_o time_n to_o time_n keep_v in_o the_o city_n of_o sivil_a that_o in_o threescore_o and_o fourteen_o year_n space_n there_o have_v come_v into_o spain_n two_o hundred_o and_o threescore_o million_o of_o gold_n of_o all_o which_o sum_n there_o remain_v now_o in_o spain_n by_o conjecture_n in_o ready_a money_n and_o plate_n wherewith_o this_o nation_n be_v much_o delight_v about_o six_o and_o fifty_o million_o five_o and_o twenty_o the_o
javerin_n in_o 94._o where_o of_o thirteen_o galley_n the_o turk_n take_v ten_o that_o loss_n be_v not_o yet_o repair_v the_o emperor_n not_o have_v at_o this_o time_n above_o five_o galley_n which_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o strigonium_n dare_v not_o make_v head_n against_o three_o of_o the_o turk_n which_o come_v to_o relieve_v the_o town_n there_o be_v moreover_o ordinary_o upon_o the_o danubie_n sixteen_o small_a bark_n twelve_o foot_n broad_a and_o fifty_o foot_n long_o these_o carry_v in_o the_o prow_n two_o piece_n a_o crogue_n three_o foot_n long_o and_o one_o pound_n bullet_n they_o be_v row_v by_o soldier_n with_o twenty_o oar_n on_o a_o side_n have_v their_o half_a pike_n stand_v by_o they_o and_o their_o piece_n hang_v at_o their_o back_n the_o captain_n govern_v the_o rudder_n and_o the_o lieutenant_n attend_v on_o the_o piece_n these_o bark_n for_o that_o which_o i_o have_v see_v be_v fit_a for_o the_o scout_n and_o guard_n of_o the_o camp_n when_o it_o march_v or_o lodge_v by_o the_o waterside_n than_o commodious_a for_o fight_v the_o hungarian_n presume_v more_o than_o reason_n on_o their_o valour_n in_o campania_n fortification_n have_v ever_o neglect_v to_o fortify_v their_o frontier_n the_o last_o and_o best_a invent_a mean_n whereby_o small_a state_n preserve_v themselves_o from_o be_v overrun_v by_o the_o great_a which_o error_n be_v better_o look_v unto_o by_o the_o prince_n of_o austria_n who_o about_o fifty_o year_n since_o obtain_v that_o kingdom_n have_v use_v some_o diligence_n in_o this_o kind_n yet_o with_o so_o small_a judgement_n as_o that_o no_o fortress_n in_o the_o land_n can_v just_o be_v say_v to_o be_v strong_a except_o rab_n the_o rest_n be_v either_o only_a strong_a by_o fight_n as_o tockay_n villak_n strigonium_n comora_n altemburgh_n papae_fw-la canisia_n or_o by_o art_n as_o castlenovo_n and_o novigrade_n or_o neither_o by_o art_n nor_o sight_n as_o guent_n and_o edinburgh_n passage_n of_o importance_n in_o nether_a 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say_v no_o more_o than_o have_v be_v mention_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o discourse_n that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o plentifule_a country_n in_o europe_n furnish_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o abundance_n without_o borrow_v of_o any_o neighbour_n province_n for_o as_o for_o the_o bread_n wine_n and_o oat_n which_o austria_n minister_v that_o be_v only_o when_o the_o camp_n be_v lodge_v by_o the_o river_n danubius_n which_o merchant_n transport_v thither_o rather_o for_o their_o gain_n than_o that_o their_o arm_n suffer_v any_o scarcity_n in_o want_n thereof_o artillery_n be_v send_v they_o from_o the_o emperor_n arsenal_n in_o vienna_n themselves_o neither_o find_v great_a piece_n nor_o make_v small_a which_o likewise_o they_o have_v out_o of_o germany_n as_o also_o powder_n and_o shot_n a_o note_n of_o their_o exceed_a negligence_n have_v excellent_a metal_n for_o this_o purpose_n which_o they_o transport_v unwrought_a into_o germany_n the_o great_a fruit_n which_o the_o emperor_n reap_v by_o the_o crown_n of_o hungarland_n mine_n arise_v by_o the_o benefit_n of_o mine_n which_o yield_v he_o yearly_o one_o million_o and_o a_o half_a of_o gilder_n which_o come_v clear_o into_o his_o treasury_n the_o presidiarie_n soldier_n be_v all_o pay_v with_o the_o contribution_n money_n as_o i●_n also_o his_o lieutenant_n general_n 30000._o dollar_n yearly_o for_o his_o provision_n the_o emperor_n maximilian_n the_o second_o take_v into_o his_o hand_n the_o live_n of_o the_o cathedral_n and_o collegiate_n church_n give_v to_o the_o bishop_n and_o canon_n small_a stipend_n by_o which_o device_n he_o gain_v yearly_o half_a a_o million_o of_o gilder_n the_o religious_a house_n be_v almost_o all_o abandon_v for_o the_o fear_v the_o monk_n and_o friar_n have_v of_o the_o turk_n except_o those_o of_o the_o grayfriar_n to_o which_o order_n he_o be_v very_o favourable_a the_o village_n likewise_o be_v many_o but_o some_o whole_o desolate_a the_o peasant_n retire_v themselves_o under_o the_o turk_n where_o they_o live_v with_o less_o agrievance_n than_o under_o the_o emperor_n their_o live_n be_v confiscate_v which_o have_v much_o increase_v the_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o that_o kingdom_n now_o hungarland_n be_v not_o in_o better_a term_n to_o support_v itself_o against_o the_o irresistible_a power_n of_o the_o turk_n hungary_n than_o appear_v in_o the_o premise_n it_o may_v reasonable_o be_v demand_v what_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o turk_n in_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n space_n about_o which_o time_n he_o invade_v that_o country_n have_v not_o make_v a_o absolute_a conquest_n thereof_o for_o have_v in_o this_o time_n not_o conquer_v above_o two_o three_o part_n thereof_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o he_o must_v be_v defective_a in_o the_o mean_v before_o speak_v of_o wherewith_o prince_n augment_v their_o greatness_n viz._n either_o in_o treasure_n munition_n man_n arm_n or_o that_o which_o be_v principal_a in_o judgement_n to_o embrace_v or_o prosecute_v occasion_n for_o answer_v unto_o which_o i_o say_v first_o that_o the_o turkish_a emperor_n have_v not_o only_o above_o these_o four_o hundred_o year_n be_v superior_a to_o the_o king_n of_o hungarland_n in_o treasure_n and_o munition_n but_o also_o to_o any_o other_o prince_n in_o the_o world_n so_o be_v he_o likewise_o in_o number_n of_o his_o captain_n and_o private_a soldier_n but_o borrow_v a_o conjecture_n from_o the_o manage_n of_o his_o action_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o his_o council_n of_o war_n school_v above_o in_o the_o barbarous_a service_n of_o persia_n have_v ever_o be_v inferior_a to_o that_o of_o christendom_n as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o present_a second_o the_o emperor_n have_v of_o late_o serve_v himself_o in_o all_o his_o occasion_n of_o worthy_a chieftain_n as_o count_n charles_n maunsfielt_v the_o marquesse_n sanseverino_n alexander_n malospina_fw-la francisco_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr the_o baron_n swarzenburg_n george_n basta_o ferrant_n di_fw-fr rossi_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o either_o by_o their_o experience_n in_o their_o netherlandish_a war_n or_o diligence_n in_o history_n or_o else_o pain_n in_o both_o have_v long_o since_o obtain_v the_o name_n of_o great_a soldier_n which_o providence_n of_o late_a time_n use_v by_o the_o emperor_n and_o heretofore_o by_o other_o prince_n have_v in_o part_n prevent_v the_o turk_n design_n in_o the_o entireness_n of_o this_o conquest_n another_o hindrance_n have_v be_v the_o evil_a arm_n of_o the_o turkish_a soldier_n the_o great_a number_n whereof_o be_v naked_a and_o which_o be_v as_o great_a a_o defect_n none_o of_o they_o carry_v weapon_n of_o much_o offence_n except_o the_o janisar_n who_o serve_v with_o musket_n of_o long_a and_o big_a bore_n than_o the_o christian_n to_o which_o number_n of_o janisar_n be_v 2000_o tripled_a if_o 20000._o pike_n complete_a be_v add_v they_o will_v make_v a_o army_n of_o great_a consequence_n for_o the_o conquest_n of_o this_o kingdom_n which_o be_v secure_v by_o passage_n than_o do_v the_o multitude_n of_o horse_n in_o which_o the_o turk_n put_v so_o great_a confidence_n i_o must_v also_o confess_v that_o the_o turk_n in_o all_o his_o attempt_n against_o hungary_n have_v use_v irreproveable_a judgement_n in_o make_v no_o inroad_n into_o that_o country_n but_o when_o he_o have_v peace_n with_o his_o neighbour_n and_o the_o christian_n at_o division_n among_o themselves_o achieve_v by_o such_o providence_n infinite_a victory_n so_o if_o he_o have_v prosecute_v the_o least_o advantage_n with_o constancy_n and_o celerity_n befit_v the_o occasion_n the_o conquest_n of_o hungarland_n have_v be_v finish_v many_o year_n since_o of_o all_o negligence_n in_o this_o kind_n none_o have_v be_v of_o great_a note_n than_o that_o of_o mahomet_n the_o three_o superior_a in_o the_o battle_n of_o kerestur_n in_o 96._o by_o which_o victory_n not_o hungary_n alone_o but_o all_o austria_n stand_v in_o great_a danger_n for_o the_o christian_a army_n be_v irrecoverable_o overthrow_v
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fury_n of_o the_o emperor_n for_o root_a out_o those_o of_o the_o augustane_n confession_n in_o bohemia_n etc._n etc._n may_v well_o confirm_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o observation_n the_o quality_n of_o weapon_n weapon_n and_o the_o order_n of_o discipline_n be_v important_a instrument_n of_o this_o martial_a greatness_n advantage_n of_o weapon_n be_v like_o good_a cast_n and_o strict_a discipline_n like_o skilful_a play_v both_o which_o must_v needs_o win_v the_o game_n the_o macedonian_n by_o their_o pike_n and_o the_o roman_n by_o their_o pyles_n the_o parthian_n and_o english_a by_o their_o long_a bow_n have_v still_o be_v victorious_a the_o same_o thing_n do_v engine_n and_o fortification_n the_o gun_n have_v bring_v all_o weapon_n to_o a_o equality_n that_o only_o domineer_v now_o nothing_o resist_v it_o but_o the_o spade_n it_o be_v a_o weapon_n of_o terrible_a execution_n serviceable_a both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n &_o yet_o be_v not_o the_o slaughter_n make_v by_o the_o 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ready_a and_o perfect_a in_o the_o use_n of_o his_o piece_n and_o so_o more_o able_a and_o fit_a to_o do_v his_o country_n service_n and_o i_o suppose_v if_o in_o time_n past_a we_o have_v have_v like_o prize_n for_o the_o long_a bow_n the_o ancient_a glory_n of_o our_o english_a service_n we_o have_v not_o so_o soon_o quit_v the_o exercise_n thereof_o nor_o degenerate_v so_o far_o from_o ancient_a custom_n so_o do_v i_o think_v that_o in_o these_o day_n wherein_o the_o piece_n be_v only_o prize_v if_o we_o have_v this_o fashion_n of_o france_n and_o germany_n in_o england_n to_o reward_v he_o in_o every_o place_n that_o shall_v best_o deserve_v therein_o that_o our_o countryman_n will_v grow_v more_o perfect_a and_o expert_a in_o the_o use_n thereof_o at_o who_o unaptnesse_n and_o aukwardnesse_n in_o their_o first_o train_n before_o they_o come_v to_o have_v serve_v some_o time_n i_o have_v often_o marvel_v he_o have_v also_o his_o sport_n of_o bowling_n card_v dice_a and_o other_o 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be_o that_o by_o this_o manner_n of_o
ready_a to_o march_v whither_o occasion_n call_v because_o of_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o wood_n the_o horseman_n serve_v with_o petronel_n and_o seldom_o use_v pike_n or_o lance_n these_o be_v most_o excellent_a footman_n for_o every_o soldier_n be_v able_a to_o make_v and_o furnish_v himself_o with_o any_o furniture_n whatsoever_o even_o the_o make_n of_o his_o own_o flask_n and_o touchbox_n as_o likewise_o the_o common_a people_n in_o pervina_fw-la and_o the_o neighbour_a province_n be_v content_v with_o a_o little_a have_v always_o accustom_v to_o make_v all_o implement_n for_o their_o house_n and_o body_n to_o build_v to_o weave_v to_o play_v the_o tailor_n to_o sow_v to_o reap_v and_o to_o forge_v tool_n fit_a for_o their_o business_n and_o as_o for_o these_o trade_n which_o be_v neither_o common_a nor_o necessary_a a_o to_o paint_v to_o work_v in_o silver_n and_o such_o like_a there_o be_v notwithstanding_o find_v among_o they_o very_o good_a workman_n want_v rather_o 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and_o every_o city_n have_v his_o particular_a council_n and_o place_n of_o assembly_n save_v only_o when_o they_o be_v to_o sit_v upon_o matter_n of_o importance_n and_o such_o as_o concern_v the_o general_a estate_n than_o they_o appoint_v a_o general_a diet_n and_o that_o to_o be_v hold_v in_o some_o one_o of_o the_o city_n which_o they_o think_v most_o convenient_a whereunto_o four_o or_o five_o of_o the_o most_o principal_a of_o every_o city_n be_v bind_v to_o resort_v in_o their_o consultation_n for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o be_v comfortable_a one_o to_o another_o and_o because_o one_o city_n be_v as_o free_a as_o another_o have_v no_o one_o chief_a governor_n superior_a to_o any_o other_o in_o case_n the_o cause_n be_v it_o peace_n or_o war_n concern_v the_o universal_a state_n of_o all_o the_o canton_n look_v how_o the_o major_a part_n of_o voice_n shall_v sway_v in_o the_o senate_n so_o it_o prevail_v and_o that_o which_o the_o great_a number_n resolve_v upon_o be_v 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city_n he_o they_o term_v vnama_n the_o elect_v on_o of_o which_o officer_n be_v on_o this_o manner_n on_o the_o first_o sunday_n in_o may_n the_o principal_a of_o all_o the_o house_n and_o family_n thorough_o every_o canton_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o quality_n assemble_v themselves_o either_o in_o some_o meadow_n or_o else_o in_o the_o chief_a street_n of_o their_o city_n where_o all_o of_o they_o take_v their_o place_n in_o order_n the_o vnama_n who_o time_n of_o office_n be_v now_o expire_v seat_v himself_o in_o a_o place_n somewhat_o above_o the_o rest_n after_o some_o stay_n rise_v up_o and_o make_v a_o speech_n to_o the_o people_n excuse_v himself_o in_o good_a term_n of_o his_o insufficiency_n to_o discharge_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o office_n commit_v unto_o his_o charge_n and_o crave_v pardon_n of_o that_o which_o he_o have_v through_o ignorance_n or_o negligence_n commit_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o common_a good_a and_o therewithal_o offer_v to_o resign_v his_o 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second_o time_n this_o election_n finish_v they_o proceed_v to_o the_o choice_n of_o other_o officer_n this_o officer_n continue_v in_o his_o place_n three_o year_n and_o although_o he_o be_v the_o chief_a among_o they_o yet_o go_v he_o but_o little_o better_a attire_v than_o the_o mean_a only_o attend_v with_o five_o or_o six_o person_n he_o dwell_v in_o his_o own_o house_n because_o they_o employ_v the_o public_a place_n for_o the_o hold_n of_o the_o diet_n the_o keep_n of_o their_o munition_n and_o artillery_n and_o other_o furniture_n belong_v to_o the_o war_n in_o criminal_a cause_n he_o can_v do_v nothing_o without_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o fifteen_o but_o in_o civil_a matter_n he_o have_v large_a limitation_n next_o the_o vnama_n be_v that_o officer_n of_o justice_n who_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o chancellor_n and_o the_o second_o person_n in_o that_o state_n after_o he_o be_v certain_a counsellor_n man_n well_o experience_v in_o affair_n of_o prince_n and_o occurrence_n of_o province_n then_o the_o chamberlain_n and_o his_o be_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o munition_n and_o public_a treasure_n next_o to_o he_o be_v the_o four_o deputy_n in_o authority_n great_a than_o the_o counsellor_n and_o may_v do_v many_o thing_n in_o absence_n of_o the_o vnama_n so_o as_o the_o chancellor_n be_v present_a these_o with_o the_o vnama_n make_v the_o fifteen_o which_o govern_v the_o state_n as_o well_o in_o peace_n as_o in_o war_n and_o be_v ever_o present_a at_o the_o hear_n and_o decide_v of_o all_o occurrence_n arise_v within_o the_o territory_n of_o their_o own_o canton_n these_o be_v from_o year_n to_o year_n confirm_v by_o the_o people_n although_o as_o do_v the_o vnama_n they_o continue_v their_o office_n for_o three_o year_n these_o send_v governor_n to_o the_o castle_n on_o the_o frontier_n and_o to_o decide_v inferior_a matter_n they_o allow_v ten_o person_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o mean_a sort_n but_o the_o party_n in_o controversy_n may_v appeal_v to_o the_o fifteen_o other_o judge_n or_o further_a appeal_n as_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n they_o have_v not_o to_o fly_v unto_o for_o their_o chief_a care_n be_v their_o tillage_n and_o warfare_n covet_v to_o live_v simple_o and_o plain_o and_o not_o to_o entrap_v one_o another_o in_o quarrel_n and_o suit_n of_o law_n the_o party_n evict_v be_v severe_o punish_v neither_o will_v they_o suffer_v any_o of_o their_o people_n to_o appeal_v out_o of_o their_o own_o country_n and_o if_o any_o offend_v therein_o he_o be_v grievous_o chastened_a through_o the_o whole_a world_n law_n be_v not_o observe_v with_o less_o partiality_n for_o they_o be_v never-altered_n according_a to_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o inconstant_a multitude_n nor_o violate_v without_o due_a penalty_n inflict_v for_o as_o of_o those_o five_o sort_n of_o popular_a government_n which_o aristotle_n discourse_v of_o there_o be_v none_o more_o dangerous_a than_o that_o wherein_o the_o will_n of_o the_o people_n bear_v sway_n above_o reason_n and_o stand_v for_o law_n as_o zenophon_n write_v of_o the_o athenian_n so_o no_o form_n of_o government_n can_v be_v compare_v to_o that_o wherein_o the_o commonalty_n without_o d●tinction_n live_v subject_a to_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o law_n in_o regard_n of_o which_o policy_n we_o ought_v not_o to_o marvel_n if_o this_o commonweal_n have_v flourish_v now_o these_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n in_o great_a reputation_n of_o valour_n for_o ●●y_v two_o mean_n have_v this_o estate_n be_v preserve_v viz._n by_o unpartial_a administration_n of_o justice_n and_o frequency_n of_o neighbourly_a feast_n whereas_o the_o scornful_a ambition_n of_o great_a man_n have_v heretofore_o ruinate_v the_o popular_a estate_n of_o the_o megarian_o the_o roman_n the_o florentine_n the_o syennois_n and_o the_o genoese_a of_o which_o sort_n the_o swisser_n have_v none_o at_o all_o or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o as_o there_o be_v but_o
but_o with_o a_o tribunelike_a authority_n they_o signify_v unto_o the_o council_n what_o their_o request_n be_v not_o long_o since_o their_o authority_n and_o reputation_n grow_v so_o mighty_a that_o they_o now_o carry_v themselves_o as_o head_n and_o governor_n rather_o than_o officer_n &_o minister_n of_o the_o public_a decree_n of_o the_o estate_n one_o of_o the_o council_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o clodius_n refuse_v his_o senator_n place_n to_o become_v one_o of_o these_o officer_n when_o a_o king_n be_v to_o be_v choose_v these_o man_n do_v more_o and_o more_o limit_v his_o authority_n not_o suffer_v it_o to_o stretch_v one_o jot_n far_o than_o accustom_a but_o although_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n be_v at_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o nobility_n yet_o be_v it_o never_o hear_v that_o they_o reject_v or_o overslip_v the_o king_n successor_n or_o transfer_v the_o kingdom_n into_o any_o other_o line_n more_o than_o once_o when_o depose_v ladislaus_n who_o notwithstanding_o they_o afterward_o restore_v they_o elect_v wenceslaus_n the_o bohemian_a likewise_o they_o have_v always_o a_o regard_n to_o the_o king_n daughter_n as_o of_o hedwiga_n marry_v by_o they_o to_o jagello_n and_o in_o our_o time_n of_o anne_n give_v in_o marriage_n to_o king_n stephen_n it_o be_v no_o small_a cause_n of_o the_o advancement_n of_o sigismond_n the_o three_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o polonia_n that_o he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o katherine_n sister_n to_o sigismond_n the_o emperor_n and_o of_o the_o foresay_a anne_n and_o although_o the_o kingly_a authority_n be_v elective_a yet_o after_o he_o be_v choose_v his_o power_n be_v absolute_a in_o many_o thing_n as_o to_o call_v the_o diet_n to_o appoint_v the_o time_n and_o place_n at_o his_o pleasure_n to_o choose_v lay_v counselor_n and_o nominate_v the_o bishop_n and_o who_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v of_o the_o privy_a council_n he_o be_v absolute_a disposer_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n &_o lord_n of_o those_o which_o hold_v of_o he_o immediate_a but_o over_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o nobility_n he_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n he_o be_v absolute_a establisher_n of_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o diet_n and_o sovereign_a judge_n of_o the_o noble_n in_o criminal_a cause_n it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o reward_v and_o advance_v who_o please_v he_o to_o speak_v in_o a_o word_n such_o as_o be_v his_o valour_n dexterity_n and_o wisdom_n such_o be_v his_o power_n authority_n and_o government_n as_o the_o polander_n say_v the_o decree_n of_o their_o king_n endure_v but_o three_o day_n and_o they_o converse_v not_o with_o he_o as_o cousin_n as_o in_o france_n but_o as_o brethren_n and_o as_o the_o king_n have_v absolute_a authority_n over_o they_o which_o immediate_o hold_v of_o he_o so_o the_o nobility_n dispose_v absolute_o of_o their_o vassal_n on_o every_o of_o who_o they_o exercise_v more_o than_o kingly_a authority_n in_o manner_n as_o upon_o slave_n in_o establish_v their_o kingdom_n they_o have_v do_v one_o thing_n worthy_a the_o note_n which_o be_v that_o as_o the_o roman_n increase_v their_o name_n and_o dominion_n by_o communicate_v the_o law_n and_o honour_n of_o italy_n and_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n to_o other_o city_n yea_o whole_a province_n so_o the_o king_n of_o polonia_n have_v enlarge_v unite_a and_o strengthen_v their_o estate_n by_o participate_v the_o privilege_n of_o the_o polish_v nobility_n to_o those_o province_n which_o either_o they_o have_v conquer_v by_o arm_n or_o otherwise_o purchase_v grace_v the_o noble_n thereof_o with_o favour_n equal_a to_o any_o bestow_v on_o the_o polish_v nation_n by_o this_o equallize_a king_n ladislaus_n strong_o unite_a russia_n and_o podalia_n sigismond_n augustus_n lituania_n stephen_n livonia_n for_o respect_n in_o office_n and_o promotion_n knit_v affection_n in_o peace_n and_o war_n the_o force_n of_o this_o kingdom_n as_o of_o other_o consist_v in_o grain_n coin_v footman_n horseman_n armour_n force_n and_o munition_n of_o grain_n we_o have_v speak_v already_o in_o coin_n it_o be_v not_o very_o rich_a for_o except_v dansk_a they_o have_v never_o a_o mart-towne_n worthy_a estimation_n and_o the_o war_n that_o be_v bring_v from_o prussia_n and_o livonia_n do_v not_o enrich_v the_o kingdom_n with_o ready_a money_n yea_o they_o do_v hardly_o suffice_v to_o barter_n with_o the_o english_a and_o flemish_a for_o cloth_n silk_n or_o wool_n or_o with_o the_o spanish_a portugese_n and_o other_o merchant_n for_o sugar_n spice_n fruit_n and_o maluesey_n for_o when_o the_o country_n be_v not_o give_v to_o traffic_v nor_o the_o city_n to_o buy_v and_o sell_v nor_o the_o people_n to_o labour_v and_o the_o nobility_n be_v very_o gallant_a prodigal_a in_o expense_n spend_v more_o than_o their_o revenue_n in_o diet_n and_o apparel_n and_o the_o season_n of_o their_o viand_n for_o the_o polander_n use_v more_o spice_n than_o any_o other_o nation_n and_o their_o wine_n their_o silk_n &_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o woollen_a cloth_n be_v bring_v from_o foreign_a nation_n how_o can_v the_o kingdom_n be_v rich_a in_o silver_n for_o in_o transport_v of_o much_o ware_n and_o return_v of_o little_a consist_v the_o wealth_n of_o every_o dominion_n gather_v together_o by_o vent_v homebred_a commodity_n the_o come_v of_o foreign_a nation_n and_o keep_v it_o once_o bring_v in_o from_o pass_v abroad_o in_o this_o practice_n consist_v the_o wealth_n of_o naples_n and_o milan_n for_o naples_n send_v to_o sea_n great_a store_n of_o corn_n wine_n oil_n silk_n woad_n horse_n fruit_n and_o such_o like_a commodity_n which_o bring_v in_o huge_a mass_n of_o foreign_a coin_n milan_n supply_v the_o want_n of_o other_o province_n with_o corn_n rice_n clothes_n iron-worke_n ware_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o return_v little_a again_o if_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sicil_n be_v as_o well_o store_v with_o manual_a workmanship_n as_o it_o be_v provide_v with_o corn_n sugarcane_n and_o silk_n no_o other_o kingdom_n can_v compare_v with_o it_o to_o return_v to_o poland_n riches_n notwithstanding_o their_o riches_n be_v not_o so_o small_a as_o some_o say_v they_o be_v for_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n raise_v of_o the_o mine_n of_o salt_n and_o silver_n amount_v yearly_a to_o 600000._o ducat_n true_a it_o be_v that_o sigismond_n augustus_n pawn_v part_n of_o these_o revenue_n and_o king_n henry_n a_o month_n before_o his_o flight_n to_o bind_v some_o part_n of_o the_o nobility_n unto_o he_o sell_v unto_o they_o more_o than_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o ducat_n of_o yearly_a rent_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o king_n by_o sale_n of_o escheat_n fall_v to_o the_o crown_n to_o purchase_v living_n for_o himself_o and_o of_o the_o say_a revenue_n to_o retain_v great_a portion_n to_o his_o proper_a use_n and_o to_o spare_v his_o own_o expense_n for_o when_o the_o king_n with_o his_o court_n abide_v in_o lituania_n the_o lituanian_o defray_v the_o charge_n the_o like_a be_v do_v in_o most_o place_n of_o poland_n he_o that_o weigh_v with_o himself_o that_o the_o ordinary_a revenue_n of_o scotland_n naples_n or_o sardinia_n exceed_v not_o yearly_a one_o hundred_o thousand_o ducat_n nor_o the_o kingdom_n of_o arragon_n to_o yield_v above_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n every_o three_o year_n can_v light_o esteem_v of_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o kingdom_n yet_o the_o king_n may_v raise_v his_o revenue_n to_o a_o high_a reckon_n if_o he_o be_v less_o bountiful_a to_o his_o palatine_n and_o castellanes_n for_o most_o common_o he_o bestow_v on_o they_o two_o part_n and_o three_o part_n yea_o now_o and_o then_o the_o whole_a profit_n arise_v in_o their_o government_n but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n yet_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o king_n do_v lay_v grievous_a imposition_n and_o tax_n on_o the_o people_n which_o be_v either_o levy_v of_o the_o province_n or_o of_o the_o excise_n of_o victual_n and_o these_o tallage_n have_v amount_v to_o such_o a_o reckon_n that_o therewith_o king_n stephen_n sustain_v the_o burden_n of_o a_o most_o heavy_a three_o year_n war_n against_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o moscovie_n yea_o the_o gentleman_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n these_o serve_v on_o horse_n some_o arm_v as_o our_o man_n at_o arm_n some_o more_o light_n some_o like_o the_o tartar_n and_o those_o they_o term_v cossache_n or_o adventurer_n train_v up_o to_o steal_v to_o depopulate_v waste_n and_o to_o turn_v all_o thing_n up-side_n down_o these_o gentleman_n serve_v in_o the_o field_n gallant_o furnish_v attire_v in_o cassock_n and_o hose_n shine_v with_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o a_o thousand_o other_o colour_n they_o adorn_v themselves_o with_o plume_n and_o feather_n of_o eagle_n with_o the_o skin_n of_o leopard_n and_o bear_n and_o with_o many_o banner_n and_o
tail_n from_o we_o be_v most_o broad_a and_o contain_v twenty_o pound_n in_o weight_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o lion_n which_o in_o many_o place_n dare_v to_o adventure_v upon_o two_o hundred_o horseman_n the_o leopard_n be_v strong_a and_o cruel_a yet_o seldom_o hurt_v they_o man_n the_o beast_n which_o the_o arabian_n term_v dabul_n and_o the_o african_n jese_n be_v a_o base_a and_o simple_a beast_n in_o fashion_n and_o bigness_n resemble_v the_o wolf_n but_o in_o foot_n and_o thigh_n like_o a_o man_n this_o beast_n will_v dig_v man_n carcase_n out_o of_o their_o grave_n and_o devour_v they_o towards_o all_o other_o creature_n he_o be_v harmless_a the_o sort_n of_o ape_n be_v very_o diverse_a here_o live_v the_o muscat_n and_o the_o wild_a conie_z the_o strange_a fish_n and_o other_o watery_a creature_n find_v in_o nilus_n niger_n and_o other_o principal_a river_n be_v innumerable_a the_o ambara_n for_o his_o shape_n and_o hugeness_n be_v prodigious_a as_o a_o creature_n contain_v twenty_o five_o foot_n in_o length_n the_o hippotame_n a_o beast_n like_o a_o horse_n and_o as_o big_a as_o a_o ass_n live_v as_o well_o in_o water_n as_o on_o the_o land_n and_o by_o his_o often_o strike_v of_o boat_n lade_v with_o merchandise_n with_o his_o sharp_a prickle_n sink_v they_o under_o water_n the_o sea_n ox_n differ_v nothing_o from_o the_o land_n ox_n save_v in_o smallness_n of_o stature_n the_o tortoise_n live_v in_o desert_n and_o be_v find_v oftentimes_o as_o big_a as_o a_o barrel_n the_o crocodile_n resemble_v the_o lacerta_fw-la and_o be_v twelve_o cubit_n long_o in_o body_n and_o as_o many_o in_o tail_n most_o huge_a dragon_n and_o poisonsome_a be_v often_o see_v what_o people_n inhabit_v africa_n five_o several_a nation_n inhabit_v this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n viz._n the_o caseres_n that_o be_v people_n without_o law_n the_o moor_n the_o abussine_n the_o egyptian_n the_o arabian_n and_o the_o african_n whereof_o some_o be_v white_a and_o some_o black_a in_o 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the_o caravan_n that_o be_v the_o whole_a assembly_n of_o the_o merchant_n travel_v upon_o camel_n and_o ass_n all_o in_o one_o company_n at_o a_o set_a time_n of_o the_o year_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o thievish_a and_o roguish_a arabian_n as_o the_o nation_n be_v diverse_a so_o be_v their_o language_n the_o chief_a they_o call_v aqu●lamarig_n that_o be_v the_o rob●e_a language_n and_o of_o the_o arabian_n inhabit_v africa_n the_o barbarian_a language_n and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a and_o proper_a idiom_n of_o the_o af●_n utter_o differ_v from_o the_o residue_n save_v that_o it_o favour_v of_o many_o arabic_a word_n the_o gnabet_n zombati_n ghinians_n the_o mellidi_fw-la and_o gagonti_n use_v the_o sungai_n language_n the_o gubarit_n canontes_n chesenes_n and_o the_o other_o blacke-moore_n use_v the_o g●ber_a tongue_n the_o abassine_n have_v their_o proper_a speech_n moreover_o the_o chaldean_a egyptian_a and_o arabian_a tongue_n with_o another_o compound_v of_o all_o three_o be_v in_o 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the_o mountain_n but_o amazar_n detest_a the_o tyranny_n of_o his_o lord_n convey_v the_o child_n to_o his_o own_o house_n and_o bring_v they_o up_o like_o gentleman_n among_o his_o own_o son_n and_o fall_v sick_a of_o a_o deadly_a disease_n forecast_v what_o may_v happen_v after_o his_o decease_n give_v they_o horse_n and_o money_n will_v they_o to_o fly_v and_o to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o mother_n house_n and_o tuition_n ishmael_n the_o elder_a be_v no_o soon_o return_v to_o his_o mother_n place_n but_o he_o vow_v revenge_n for_o his_o father_n death_n and_o after_o some_o fortunate_a expedition_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o cause_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o follower_n of_o holy_a from_o who_o he_o derive_v his_o pedigree_n he_o make_v the_o turban_n high_o and_o send_v ambassador_n to_o all_o the_o oriental_a mahumetan_n to_o exhort_v they_o to_o unity_n in_o religion_n and_o cognisance_n by_o these_o mean_n and_o fortune_n of_o his_o arm_n he_o become_v a_o terror_n 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sablestan_n and_o istigiu_n who_o ancient_a name_n be_v drangia_n bactria_n parapamisus_n margiana_n of_o these_o region_n those_o which_o lie_v near_a to_o the_o persian_a sea_n be_v most_o plentiful_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o river_n every_o where_o disperse_v through_o the_o whole_a land_n among_o these_o river_n the_o most_o famous_a be_v bindimir_n to_o who_o water_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v much_o behold_v convey_v it_o by_o trench_n and_o other_o invention_n into_o their_o ground_n to_o their_o great_a ease_n and_o commodity_n the_o province_n lie_v upon_o the_o caspian_a sea_n for_o their_o river_n and_o temperature_n do_v likewise_o participate_v of_o the_o say_a fertility_n especial_o all_o those_o quarter_n which_o be_v water_v with_o the_o river_n puly-malon_n fall_v into_o the_o lake_n burgian_n the_o residue_n of_o the_o province_n be_v dry_a by_o reason_n whereof_o town_n and_o village_n be_v seldom_o see_v in_o those_o place_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o some_o spring_n or_o water_n side_n the_o most_o ample_a and_o magnificent_a city_n of_o persia_n city_n be_v istigias_n the_o chief_a seat_n of_o bactria_n think_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o pleasant_a city_n of_o the_o east_n indion_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o margiana_n situate_v in_o so_o fat_a and_o fertile_a a_o territory_n that_o therefore_o antiochus_n soler_n cause_v it_o to_o be_v wall_v about_o candahar_n the_o chief_a seat_n of_o pamaparisus_fw-la famous_a for_o the_o traffic_n of_o indiae_n and_o cathaia_n whither_o the_o merchant_n of_o those_o country_n do_v resort_v ere_o it_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o aria_n so_o abound_v with_o rose_n that_o thereof_o it_o shall_v seem_v to_o take_v the_o name_n barbarus_fw-la say_v it_o be_v of_o thirteen_o mile_n compass_n ispaa_o the_o chief_a seat_n of_o parthia_n so_o spacious_a for_o the_o circuit_n thereof_o that_o the_o persian_n hyperbolical_o term_v it_o the_o half_a world_n chirmaine_n be_v the_o chief_a seat_n of_o caramania_n renown_v for_o the_o excellent_a cloth_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n weave_v therein_o eor_fw-la be_v a_o noble_a city_n and_o so_o be_v custra_fw-la of_o susiana_n but_o all_o these_o for_o beauty_n and_o magnificence_n may_v bow_v and_o bend_v to_o syras_n seat_v upon_o the_o river_n bindimire_n it_o be_v once_o the_o chief_a seat_n of_o persia_n and_o as_o some_o think_v call_v persepolis_n alexander_n the_o great_a burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n at_o the_o entreaty_n of_o his_o concubine_n but_o afterward_o be_v ashamed_a of_o so_o vile_a a_o action_n cause_v it_o to_o be_v re-edify_v it_o be_v not_o at_o this_o time_n so_o great_a as_o in_o time_n past_a yet_o it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a city_n in_o all_o the_o orient_a with_o its_o suburb_n which_o be_v in_o compass_n twenty_o mile_n it_o be_v a_o proverb_n among_o the_o persian_n quando_fw-la suars_n erat_fw-la sirrah_n tunc_fw-la cairus_n 〈◊〉_d pagus_n yet_o they_o account_v it_o not_o very_o ancient_a neither_o be_v 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of_o camel_n the_o want_n of_o navigation_n be_v rich_o recompense_v throughout_o persia_n &_o the_o border_a country_n these_o beast_n carry_v wondrous_a burden_n and_o will_v long_o continue_v than_o either_o horse_n or_o mule_n they_o will_v travel_v lade_v with_o a_o thousand_o pound_n weight_n and_o will_v so_o continue_v forty_o day_n and_o upward_o in_o sterile_a and_o deep_a sandy_a country_n such_o as_o be_v lybia_n arabia_n and_o persia_n they_o drink_v but_o once_o every_o five_o day_n and_o if_o extremity_n enforce_v they_o will_v endure_v the_o want_n of_o water_n ten_o or_o twelve_o when_o their_o burden_n be_v off_o a_o little_a grass_n thorn_n or_o leave_v of_o tree_n will_v suffice_v they_o there_o be_v no_o live_a thing_n less_o chargeable_a and_o more_o laborious_a certain_o ordain_v of_o nature_n a_o fit_a creature_n for_o those_o sandy_a and_o deep_a place_n of_o asia_n and_o africa_n wherein_o even_o man_n himself_o feel_v the_o want_n of_o food_n and_o water_n 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and_o