si_fw-la minus_fw-la idoneus_fw-la sit_fw-la levius_fw-la castigatur_fw-la si_fw-mi fortuito_fw-la incendium_fw-la factum_fw-la sit_fw-la 49.9.11_o d._n 49.9.11_o venia_fw-la indiget_fw-la visi_fw-la tam_fw-la lata_fw-la culpa_fw-la fuit_fw-la ut_fw-la luxuriae_fw-la aut_fw-la dolo_fw-la sit_fw-la proxima_fw-la hitherto_o of_o criminal_a plea_n that_o be_v perpetrate_v against_o the_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n mediate_o but_o principaliter_fw-la in_o singulas_fw-la personas_fw-la i_o proceed_v to_o those_o that_o immediate_o touch_v the_o king_n and_o his_o crown_n and_o they_o be_v 1._o high_a treason_n majestatis_fw-la crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la stamford_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o king_n be_v the_o preserver_n nourisher_n and_o defender_n of_o all_o his_o people_n and_o that_o by_o his_o great_a travel_n study_n and_o labour_n his_o people_n only_o enjoy_v their_o life_n land_n and_o good_n and_o as_o the_o body_n of_o man_n can_v live_v without_o a_o head_n but_o will_v fall_v to_o the_o ground_n so_o the_o realm_n can_v be_v govern_v without_o a_o head_n which_o be_v the_o king_n agreeable_a to_o that_o of_o seneca_n ille_fw-la est_fw-la vinculum_fw-la per_fw-la quod_fw-la respublica_fw-la cohaeret_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o we_o his_o love_a subject_n be_v oblige_v to_o watch_v for_o that_o he_o wake_v for_o we_o and_o primum_fw-la virtutis_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la seruare_fw-la servantem_fw-la cetera_fw-la if_o so_o what_o a_o abominable_a thing_n must_v it_o be_v to_o be_v a_o violator_n of_o kingly_a majesty_n crime_n the_o masesty_n say_v the_o mirror_n est_fw-la un_fw-fr peche_n horrible_a fait_z all_o roy_fw-fr etc._n etc._n tacitus_n call_v crimen_fw-la majestatis_fw-la vinculum_fw-la &_o necessitatem_fw-la silendi_fw-la omnium_fw-la acousationum_fw-la complementum_fw-la and_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n it_o be_v say_v thus_o 48.4.1_o d._n 48.4.1_o proximum_fw-la sacrilegio_fw-la crimen_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la majestatis_fw-la dicitur_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la crimini_fw-la quo_fw-la divina_fw-la majestas_fw-la pulsatur_fw-la high_a treason_n do_v extend_v to_o several_a part_n or_o kind_n viz._n death_n to_o violation_n to_o leave_v of_o warr_n to_o adhere_v to_o the_o king_n enemy_n to_o counterfeit_v the_o great_a seal_n privy_a seal_n and_o the_o king_n coin_n to_o the_o bring_n into_o this_o realm_n counterfeit_a money_n to_o the_o similitude_n of_o his_o majesty_n coin_n of_o these_o several_a part_n in_o their_o order_n 1._o touch_v death_n 1._o to_o compass_v or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n be_v crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o britton_n and_o fleta_n briiton_n thus_o grand_a treason_n est_fw-fr a_o compasser_n nostre_fw-fr mort_fw-fr fleta_n have_v this_o word_n si_fw-la quis_fw-la mortem_fw-la regis_fw-la ausu_fw-la temerario_fw-la machinatus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la etc._n etc._n quamvis_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la non_fw-la perduxit_fw-la ad_fw-la effectum_fw-la to_o depose_v the_o king_n or_o to_o take_v the_o king_n by_o force_n and_o strong_a hand_n and_o to_o imprison_v he_o until_o he_o have_v yield_v to_o certain_a demand_n this_o be_v a_o sufficient_a overt_a act_n to_o prove_v the_o compass_n and_o imagination_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n for_o this_o be_v upon_o the_o matter_n to_o make_v the_o king_n subject_n and_o to_o despoil_v he_o of_o his_o kingly_a office_n of_o royal_a government_n and_o so_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n hill_n 1._o jac._n regis_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n cobham_n lord_n grace_n watson_n and_o clarke_n seminary_n priest_n so_o if_o divers_a conspire_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o manner_n how_o and_o thereupon_o provide_v weapon_n powder_n poison_n assay_v harness_n send_v letter_n etc._n etc._n or_o the_o like_a for_o execution_n of_o the_o conspiracy_n this_o be_v a_o sufficient_a overt_a act_n to_o prove_v the_o compass_n and_o imagination_n of_o the_o king_n death_n if_o any_o man_n shall_v attempt_v to_o make_v himself_o so_o strong_a that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v he_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o rebellion_n in_o the_o like_a manner_n the_o law_n interprete_v that_o in_o every_o rebellion_n there_o be_v a_o machination_n against_o the_o life_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o depose_n for_o a_o rebel_n will_v not_o suffer_v that_o king_n to_o live_v or_o reign_v which_o may_v afterward_o punish_v or_o revenge_v such_o the_o treason_n or_o rebellion_n these_o thing_n be_v confirm_v 1._o by_o the_o imperial_a or_o civil_a law_n majestatis_fw-la vide_fw-la d._n 48.4.1_o ad_fw-la legem_fw-la juliam_fw-la majestatis_fw-la whereby_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v treason_n 2._o by_o the_o force_n of_o reason_n because_o it_o can_v be_v that_o which_o have_v once_o give_v law_n to_o the_o king_n shall_v ever_o permit_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v recover_v his_o former_a authority_n or_o live_v least_o at_o any_o time_n he_o shall_v recover_v it_o 3._o by_o examplss_o draw_v out_o of_o our_o english_a history_n as_o of_o edward_n the_o second_o and_z richard_z the_o second_o who_o be_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n get_v by_o subject_n into_o their_o power_n be_v not_o long_o after_o depose_v also_o and_o make_v away_o the_o civil_a law_n quamvis_fw-la regulariter_fw-la ratione_fw-la solius_fw-la consensus_fw-la nemo_fw-la ad_fw-la poenam_fw-la obligatur_fw-la sed_fw-la secuto_fw-la demum_fw-la actu_fw-la aliud_fw-la tamen_fw-la obtinet_fw-la in_o crimine_fw-la in_o principe_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la voluntas_fw-la punitur_fw-la sed_fw-la intellige_fw-la talem_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la cum_fw-la qua_fw-la conjunctum_fw-la est_fw-la initium_fw-la facti_fw-la i._n e._n factio_fw-la vel_fw-la conjuratio_fw-la sola_fw-la enim_fw-la &_o nuda_fw-la voluntas_fw-la puniri_fw-la nequit_fw-la note_v that_o there_o be_v difference_n take_v by_o our_o law_n between_o felony_n and_o high_a treason_n for_o it_o be_v not_o felony_n unless_o there_o be_v some_o act_n do_v non_fw-la efficit_fw-la conatus_fw-la nisi_fw-la sequatur_fw-la effectus_fw-la but_o if_o one_o compass_n or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o declare_v his_o compass_n or_o imagination_n by_o word_n or_o write_v it_o be_v high_a treason_n doct._n and_o stud._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 41._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 5.12_o h._n 8.36_o b._n 13._o h._n 8.13_o bendlones_n rep._n smith_n v._o spurle_n and_o therefore_o these_o follow_a word_n be_v adjudge_v high_a treason_n viz._n if_o the_o king_n die_v without_o issue_n male_a that_o he_o will_v be_v king_n and_o also_o the_o party_n arraign_v speak_v that_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v commit_v he_o to_o prison_n that_o he_o will_v kill_v he_o with_o his_o dagger_n so_o one_o crobagan_n a_o irish_a man_n be_v arraign_v of_o treason_n for_o that_o he_o be_v the_o king_n subject_n at_o lisbon_n in_o spain_n 332._o cro._n 3._o part_n crohagans_n case_n f._n 332._o use_v these_o word_n i_o will_v kill_v the_o king_n innuendo_fw-la dominum_fw-la carolum_fw-la regem_fw-la angliae_fw-la if_o i_o may_v come_v unto_o he_o and_o that_o in_o august_n 9_o car._n regis_fw-la he_o come_v into_o england_n for_o the_o same_o purpose_n to_o this_o he_o plead_v not-guilty_a and_o be_v try_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o middlesex_n and_o it_o be_v direct_o prove_v by_o two_o merchant_n that_o he_o speak_v these_o word_n at_o lisbon_n in_o spain_n in_o great_a heat_n of_o speech_n with_o captain_n baske_n and_o add_v these_o word_n because_o he_o be_v a_o heretic_n and_o for_o that_o his_o traitorous_a intent_n and_o the_o imagination_n of_o his_o heart_n be_v declare_v by_o these_o word_n it_o be_v hold_v high_a treason_n by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o within_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o and_o he_o come_v into_o england_n and_o be_v arrre_v by_o warrant_n for_o this_o cause_n most_o insolent_o put_v his_o finger_n into_o his_o mouth_n and_o scornful_o pull_v it_o out_o say_v i_o care_v not_o this_o for_o your_o king_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o speech_n and_o action_n though_o he_o now_o deny_v the_o jury_n find_v he_o guilty_a whereupon_o he_o have_v judgement_n according_o he_o confess_v that_o he_o be_v a_o dominican_n friar_n and_o make_v priest_n in_o spain_n and_o although_o this_o and_o his_o return_v into_o england_n to_o seduce_v the_o liege-people_n be_v treason_n by_o the_o stat._n of_o 23._o eliz._n yet_o the_o king_n attorney_n say_v he_o will_v not_o proceed_v against_o he_o for_o that_o cause_n but_o upon_o the_o stat._n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o of_o treason_n so_o one_o henry_n challercomb_n be_v indict_v of_o treason_n for_o word_n and_o be_v find_v guilty_a and_o execute_v so_o john_n williams_n be_v also_o indict_v find_v guilty_a and_o execute_v for_o write_v a_o treasonable_a book_n call_v balaam_n case_n these_o two_o last_o precedent_n you_o may_v see_v cite_v in_o pyne_n case_n in_o croak_v three_o part_n of_o his_o report_n it_o be_v common_o
that_o may_v come_v before_o they_o judicial_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o trial_n may_v be_v more_o indifferent_a see_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o prisoner_n consist_v in_o the_o indifferency_n of_o the_o court_n 29._o co._n 3._o inss_n 29._o and_o how_o can_v they_o be_v indifferent_a who_o have_v deliver_v their_o opinion_n before_o hand_n without_o hear_v of_o the_o party_n when_o a_o small_a addition_n or_o substraction_n may_v alter_v the_o case_n 5._o judge_n ought_v in_o give_v sentence_n especial_o in_o ambiguous_a case_n a._n co._n lib_fw-la 9_o dowmans_n case_n 13._o a._n to_o avoid_v precipitation_n because_o ad_fw-la poenitentiam_fw-la properat_fw-la cito_fw-la qui_fw-la judicat_fw-la festinatio_fw-la justitiae_fw-la noverca_fw-la touch_v temerity_n or_o hastiness_n take_v these_o foreign_a author_n temeritas_fw-la est_fw-la damnare_fw-la quod_fw-la nescias_fw-la say_v seneca_n temeritate_fw-la omnis_fw-la actio_fw-la vacare_fw-la debet_fw-la ciccro_fw-la 1_o offic._n nihil_fw-la temeâ—itate_fw-la turpius_fw-la id._n dâ—_n natura_n nihil_fw-la a_o gravitate_fw-la sapientis_fw-la temeritate_fw-la disiunctius_fw-la 4._o academic_n deliberabo_n lex_fw-la vult_fw-la nihil_fw-la temere_fw-la fieri_fw-la say_v seneca_n lib._n 2._o controu._n 11._o hitherto_o of_o the_o person_n that_o be_v conversant_a in_o judgement_n touch_v public_a crime_n or_o offence_n 7._o of_o the_o matter_n of_o judgement_n criminal_a and_o how_o they_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o judicial_a decision_n the_o thing_n or_o matter_n of_o public_a or_o criminal_a judgement_n be_v cause_n proceed_v from_o high_a treason_n felony_n or_o other_o misdemeanour_n touch_v high_a treason_n and_o felony_n two_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o in_o ancient_a time_n every_o treason_n be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o felony_n but_o not_o e_fw-la contra_fw-la 49._o 2._o e._n 4.14.18_o e._n 4.10.23_o ass_n pl._n 49._o and_o therefore_o in_o our_o ancient_a book_n by_o the_o pardon_n of_o all_o felony_n high_a treason_n or_o counterfeit_v the_o great_a seal_n and_o of_o the_o king_n coin_n etc._n etc._n be_v pardon_v but_o the_o law_n now_o be_v and_o of_o long_a time_n have_v be_v otherwise_o hold_v and_o therefore_o by_o the_o law_n at_o this_o day_n under_o the_o word_n felony_n in_o all_o commission_n etc._n etc._n a._n co._n litt._n 391._o a._n be_v include_v petit_n treason_n murder_n homicide_n burn_v of_o house_n burglary_n robbery_n rape_n etc._n etc._n chance-medley_n se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la and_o petit_fw-fr larceny_n but_o not_o high_a treason_n for_o it_o be_v not_o comprehend_v under_o the_o word_n felony_n and_o therefore_o aught_o to_o be_v especial_o name_v in_o the_o king_n pardon_n or_o charter_n 2._o that_o criminal_a or_o public_a cause_n be_v call_v plea_n of_o the_o crown_n 22._o co._n 2._o inst_z f._n 22._o but_o they_o be_v not_o so_o call_v as_o some_o have_v say_v because_o the_o king_n jure_fw-la coronae_fw-la shall_v have_v the_o suit_n and_o common_a plea_n because_o they_o be_v hold_v by_o common_a person_n for_o a_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n may_v be_v hold_v betwixt_o common_a person_n as_o a_o appeal_n of_o murder_n robbery_n rape_n mayhem_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o king_n may_v be_v party_n to_o a_o common_a plea_n as_o a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la and_o the_o like_a but_o now_o how_o these_o criminal_a matter_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o judicial_a hear_n be_v the_o question_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o they_o be_v bring_v by_o way_n of_o accusation_n and_o exception_n accusation_n do_v proceed_v either_o by_o way_n of_o appeal_n accusation_n 1._o of_o accusation_n or_o by_o way_n of_o indictment_n and_o first_o of_o appeal_n appeal_n appeal_n appeal_v appellum_fw-la come_v of_o the_o french_a word_n appeller_n that_o signify_v to_o accuse_v b._n co._n litt._n 123._o b._n 126._o b._n or_o to_o appeal_v or_o appeach_v a_o appeal_n be_v therefore_o a_o accusation_n of_o one_o upon_o another_o with_o a_o purpose_n to_o attaint_v he_o of_o felony_n by_o word_n ordain_v for_o it_o now_o appeal_n be_v of_o three_o sort_n b._n co._n litt._n 287._o b._n 1._o of_o wrong_v to_o his_o successor_n who_o heir_n he_o be_v and_o that_o be_v only_o of_o death_n which_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n of_o murder_n &_o of_o manslaughter_n but_o of_o chancemedley_n no_o appeal_n do_v lie_v as_o touch_v appeal_n of_o murder_n this_o quaere_fw-la be_v put_v qu._n whether_o trial_n of_o murder_n by_o appeal_n aught_o to_o be_v bring_v in_o the_o county_n where_o the_o fact_n be_v commit_v resp_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o in_o a_o appeal_n of_o murder_n the_o writ_n shall_v abate_v if_o it_o be_v not_o bring_v in_o the_o county_n where_o the_o fact_n be_v commit_v for_o it_o be_v against_o a_o fundamental_a rule_n of_o law_n that_o a_o trial_n of_o murder_n by_o appeal_n or_o otherwise_o 247._o cro._n 3._o part_n sontley_n v._o price_n 247._o shall_v be_v out_o of_o the_o county_n where_o it_o be_v perpetrate_v and_o for_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v doubt_v at_o the_o common_a law_n where_o a_o stroke_n be_v give_v in_o one_o county_n and_o death_n ensue_v in_o another_o how_o it_o shall_v be_v try_v and_o to_o avoid_v this_o doubt_n the_o stat._n of_o 2._o e._n 6._o be_v make_v but_o it_o always_o be_v clear_a that_o a_o fact_n in_o one_o county_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v try_v in_o another_o note_v the_o stat._n of_o 26._o h._n 8._o c._n 6._o allow_v that_o indictment_n may_v be_v in_o county_n next_o adjoin_v but_o there_o be_v not_o any_o mention_n of_o appeal_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n certiorary_n have_v be_v grant_v to_o remove_v indictment_n out_o of_o the_o grand_a session_n in_o wales_n 2._o of_o wrong_v to_o the_o husband_n and_o be_v by_o the_o wife_n only_o of_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n to_o be_v prosecute_v b._n co._n litt._n 33._o b._n touch_v this_o kind_n of_o appeal_n i_o propose_v these_o query_n with_o resolution_n on_o they_o qu._n 1._o whether_o a_o wife_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la shall_v have_v a_o appeal_n resp_n some_o do_v hold_v and_o so_o do_v i_o that_o a_o wife_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la shall_v have_v a_o appeal_n of_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n but_o only_o she_o that_o be_v wife_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la in_o favorem_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la and_o that_o there_o ne_fw-mi unque_n accoupse_fw-la en_fw-fr loyal_a matrimony_n shall_v be_v take_v de_fw-la jure_fw-la strict_o qu._n 2._o whether_o the_o wife_n can_v have_v a_o appeal_n although_o she_o can_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o dower_n resp_n the_o wife_n shall_v have_v a_o appeal_n b._n co._n litt._n 33._o b._n where_o she_o can_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o dower_n as_o if_o she_o elope_n etc._n etc._n she_o be_v bar_v of_o her_o dower_n but_o not_o of_o her_o appeal_n 6.63_o west_n 2._o c._n 34._o co._n litt._n 33._o b._n 37._o a._n co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 215_o 35._o h._n 6.63_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v for_o that_o the_o stat._n bar_v she_o of_o her_o dower_n but_o not_o of_o her_o appeal_n so_o if_o the_o husband_n be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n or_o petit_fw-fr treason_n his_o wife_n shall_v not_o be_v endow_v and_o yet_o if_o any_o do_v kill_v he_o the_o wife_n shall_v have_v a_o appeal_n for_o notwithstanding_o the_o attainder_n he_o remain_v her_o husband_n qu._n 3._o whether_o she_o ought_v to_o be_v sole_a and_o unmarried_a that_o bring_v a_o appeal_n of_o her_o husband_n death_n resp_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o she_o be_v sole_a and_o unmarried_a 1._o 〈◊〉_d the_o woin_n law_n b._n 5._o ct_n 1._o that_o make_v this_o appeal_n for_o if_o she_o marry_v again_o her_o appeal_n be_v go_v though_o the_o new_a marry_a husband_n be_v dead_a within_o the_o year_n and_o day_n after_o his_o death_n that_o be_v slay_v qu._n 4._o whether_o the_o take_n of_o a_o second_o husband_n after_o judgement_n and_o before_o execution_n can_v hinder_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o judgement_n resp_n not_o only_o a_o widow_n which_o have_v a_o appeal_n hang_v abate_v her_o appeal_n and_o lose_v it_o force_n by_o new_a marriage_n but_o also_o if_o after_o judgement_n and_o before_o execution_n 4.41_o sma_fw-la h._n 4.41_o she_o take_v a_o husband_n she_o lose_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o judgement_n qu._n 5_o what_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o a_o woman_n have_v a_o appeal_n de_fw-fr morte_fw-la viri_fw-la resp_n the_o reason_n wherefore_o this_o action_n be_v give_v to_o a_o widow_n be_v not_o as_o glanvil_n make_v it_o quia_fw-la una_fw-la caro_fw-la est_fw-la vir_fw-la &_o uxor_fw-la for_o then_o the_o baron_n may_v have_v a_o appeal_n de_fw-fr morte_fw-la uxoris_fw-la lib._n the_o woman_n lawer_fw-we lib._n which_o be_v never_o grant_v but_o her_o heir_n shall_v have_v it_o but_o the_o true_a reason_n why_o a_o woman_n have_v the_o appeal_n de_fw-fr morte_fw-la viri_fw-la be_v because_o by_o his_o death_n she_o be_v think_v less_o able_a to_o live_v and_o maintain_v herself_o &_o that_o
invade_v his_o country_n may_v be_v charge_v with_o high_a treason_n a_o consultation_n be_v have_v concern_v john_n story_n doctor_n of_o law_n 1572._o cambdens_fw-fr eliz._n f._n 144_o &_o 145._o an._n 1572._o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n searcher_n whether_o he_o be_v a_o english_a man_n bear_v who_o in_o brabant_n have_v consult_v with_o a_o foreign_a princ_n eabout_o invade_v his_o country_n and_o have_v show_v the_o mean_n of_o invasion_n may_v have_v be_v charge_v with_o high_a treason_n the_o skilful_a lawyer_n affirm_v that_o he_o may_v whereupon_o he_o be_v arraign_v and_o be_v to_o be_v charge_v with_o treason_n for_o that_o among_o other_o thing_n he_o have_v show_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o alva_n secretary_n the_o mean_n to_o invade_v eugland_n raise_v ireland_n into_o rebellion_n and_o excite_v the_o scot_n to_o bteak_a into_o england_n all_o at_o once_o he_o refuse_v to_o submit_v himself_o to_o trial_n and_o to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o affirm_v that_o the_o judge_n have_v no_o power_n over_o he_o for_o that_o he_o be_v not_o a_o subject_a swear_v to_o the_o queen_n of_o england_n but_o to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n but_o he_o be_v condemn_v according_a to_o the_o ordinary_a form_n of_o nihil_fw-la dicit_fw-la 10.38.4_o co._n lit._n f._n 129._o a._n 13._o eliz._n dyer_n 300._o doctor_z story_n be_v case_n co._n lib._n 7._o calvin_n case_n cod._n 10.38.4_o and_o suffer_v the_o death_n of_o a_o traitor_n for_o that_o no_o man_n can_v shake_v off_o his_o country_n wherein_o he_o be_v bear_v nor_o abjure_v his_o native_a sail_n or_o his_o prince_n at_o his_o pleasure_n nemo_fw-la patriam_fw-la in_o qua_fw-la natus_fw-la est_fw-la exuere_fw-la nec_fw-la ligeantiae_fw-la debitum_fw-la ejurare_fw-la possit_fw-la with_o this_o law_n do_v concur_v the_o civil_a law_n origine_fw-la propria_fw-la neminem_fw-la posse_fw-la voluntate_fw-la sva_fw-la eximere_fw-la manifestum_fw-la est_fw-la 5._o touch_v fausonnery_n falfi_n crimen_fw-la falfi_n if_o a_o man_n counterfeit_v the_o king_n great_a or_o privy_a seal_n or_o his_o money_n it_o be_v high_a treason_n all_o ancient_a author_n agree_v that_o this_o be_v high_a treason_n by_o the_o common_a law_n as_o braction_n britton_n fleta_n and_o the_o mirror_n 2._o 25._o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o the_o forge_v of_o the_o king_n coin_n be_v high_a treason_n without_o utterance_n of_o it_o for_o by_o the_o act_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o the_o counterfeit_n be_v make_v high_a treason_n one_o morgan_n and_o two_o other_o be_v indict_v for_o counterfeit_v twenty_o shilling_n piece_n of_o the_o king_n coin_n 383._o cro._n 3_o part_n morgan_n case_n 383._o and_o morgan_n for_o utter_v those_o piece_n to_o the_o king_n subject_n know_v they_o to_o be_v counterfeit_a and_o be_v there_o upon_o arraign_v he_o plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o evidence_n be_v pregnant_a against_o morgan_n he_o be_v find_v guilty_a and_o the_o other_o be_v acquit_v and_o judgement_n give_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v draw_v and_o hang_v but_o not_o to_o be_v quarter_v according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o stamford_n f._n 182._o note_v that_o by_o the_o stat._n of_o 5._o eliz._n to_o clip_v wash_v 11._o 5._o el._n c._n 11._o round_o or_o file_n for_o wicked_a lucre_n and_o gain_n be_v declare_v high_a treason_n so_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 18._o eliz._n it_o be_v enact_v that_o diminish_v 1._o 18._o e._n c._n 1._o scale_a or_o light_v of_o the_o king_n coin_n within_o this_o realm_n be_v high_a treason_n touch_v money_n the_o civil_a law_n speak_v thus_o qui_fw-la falsam_fw-la monetam_fw-la percusserint_fw-la si_fw-la id_fw-la totum_fw-la formare_fw-la noluerunt_fw-la suffragio_fw-la justae_fw-la paenitentiae_fw-la absolvuntur_fw-la d._n 48.10.19_o de_fw-fr falsa_fw-la meneta_n gothofredus_fw-la falsa_fw-la monetadeprehenditur_fw-la ex_fw-la materia_fw-la pondere_fw-la &_o formaadulterina_fw-la gothofredus_fw-la quicunque_fw-la nummos_fw-la aureos_fw-la partim_fw-la raserit_fw-la partim_fw-la tinxerit_fw-la vel_fw-la finxerit_fw-la si_fw-la quidem_fw-la liberi_fw-la sunt_fw-la ad_fw-la bestias_fw-la dari_fw-la si_fw-la servi_fw-la sum_n supplicio_fw-la affici_fw-la debent_fw-la d._n 48.10.8_o 6_o and_o last_o bring_v into_o the_o realm_n counterfeit_v coyn._n if_o a_o man_n bring_v false_a money_n into_o this_o realm_n counterfeit_v to_o the_o money_n of_o england_n know_v the_o money_n to_o be_v false_a to_o merchandise_n or_o make_v payment_n in_o deceit_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o of_o his_o people_n it_o be_v high_a treason_n but_o note_n that_o the_o utter_v of_o false_a money_n in_o england_n though_o the_o person_n know_v it_o to_o be_v false_a and_o counterfeit_a to_o the_o likeness_n of_o the_o coin_n of_o england_n be_v no_o treason_n within_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o unless_o he_o bring_v it_o from_o a_o foreign_a nation_n for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v si_fw-mi home_n apport_n faux_fw-fr money_n en_fw-fr cest_fw-fr realm_n have_v relate_v the_o several_a part_n or_o kind_n of_o treason_n within_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o i_o shall_v add_v these_o few_o query_n touch_v high_a treason_n and_o so_o conclude_v whether_o a_o mad_a man_n may_v be_v guilty_a of_o high_a treason_n qu._n 1_o the_o ancient_a law_n be_v resp_n resp_n that_o if_o a_o mad_a man_n have_v kill_v or_o offer_v to_o kill_v the_o king_n it_o be_v hold_v for_o treason_n case_n co._n lib._n 4._o f._n 124_o b._n beverleys_n case_n and_o so_o it_o appear_v by_o king_n alfred_n law_n before_o the_o conquest_n and_o in_o beverleys_n case_n for_o the_o king_n be_v caput_n &_o salus_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la &_o a_o capite_fw-la bona_fw-la valetudo_fw-la transit_fw-la in_o omnes_fw-la and_o for_o this_o cause_n king_n person_n be_v so_o sacred_a that_o none_o may_v offer_v they_o violence_n without_o be_v guilty_a of_o high_a treason_n et_fw-la pereat_fw-la unus_fw-la ne_fw-la pereant_fw-la omnes_fw-la but_o now_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o and_o by_o force_n of_o the_o word_n fait_z compasser_n ou_fw-fr imaginer_n la_fw-fr mort_fw-fr he_o that_o be_v non_fw-fr compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la b._n co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 6._o co._n lit._n 247._o b._n and_o total_o deprive_v of_o all_o compassing_n and_o imagination_n can_v commit_v high_a treason_n by_o compass_v or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n for_o furiosus_fw-la solo_fw-la fâ—rore_fw-la punitur_fw-la and_o furor_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v continuata_fw-la mentis_fw-la alienatio_fw-la qua_fw-la quis_fw-la omni_fw-la intellectu_fw-la caret_fw-la if_o a_o man_n commit_v treason_n and_o confess_v the_o same_o or_o be_v thereof_o otherwise_o convict_v if_o afterward_o he_o become_v de_fw-fr non_fw-la sanae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la he_o shall_v not_o be_v call_v to_o answer_v or_o if_o after_o judgement_n he_o become_v de_fw-fr non_fw-la sanae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la case_n co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 4._o lib._n 4._o beverleyes_n case_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v execute_v for_o it_o can_v be_v example_n to_o other_o the_o civil_a law_n culpam_fw-la non_fw-la admittit_fw-la qui_fw-la suae_fw-la meâ—ttis_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la si_fw-mi per_fw-la furorem_fw-la aliquis_fw-la parentem_fw-la occiderit_fw-la 48.9.9.2_o d._n 48.9.9.2_o impunitus_fw-la erit_fw-la divi_z fratres_n rescripserunt_fw-la super_fw-la eo_fw-la qui_fw-la per_fw-la furorem_fw-la matrem_fw-la necaverat_fw-la nam_fw-la sufficere_fw-la furore_fw-la ipso_fw-la eum_fw-la puniri_fw-la whether_o a_o alien_a reside_v here_o qu._n 2_o can_v commit_v high_a treason_n all_o alien_n that_o be_v within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n 5._o resp_n co._n litt._n 192._o a._n dyer_n 144._o co._n lib._n 7._o calvin_n case_n co._n 3._o inst_z f_o 4_o &_o 5._o and_o who_o sovereign_a be_v in_o amity_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v within_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n and_o do_v owe_v a_o local_a or_o topical_a obedience_n to_o the_o king_n be_v within_o the_o act_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o and_o if_o they_o commit_v treason_n against_o the_o king_n they_o shall_v be_v punish_v as_o traitor_n and_o the_o indictment_n shall_v say_v contra_fw-la legeantiae_fw-la debitum_fw-la whether_o the_o kill_n of_o a_o foreign_a ambassador_n reside_v here_o be_v high_a treason_n qu._n 3_o albeit_o the_o malicious_a kill_n of_o a_o ambassabour_n be_v justi_fw-la belli_fw-la causa_fw-la resp_n resp_n and_o contra_fw-la jus_o gentium_fw-la yet_o the_o kill_n of_o he_o be_v no_o treason_n within_o the_o stat._n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o until_o itl_n be_v so_o declare_v by_o parliament_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o kerby_n and_o algere_fw-la 8._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 8._o who_o be_v attaint_v for_o the_o kill_n of_o john_n imperial_n ambassador_n from_o the_o state_n of_o genoa_n but_o that_o declaration_n be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o statnte_n of_o 1._o mar._n whether_o a_o ambassador_n qu._n 4_o which_o raise_v rebellion_n ahainst_a the_o prince_n to_o who_o he_o be_v send_v may_v enjoy_v the_o privilege_n of_o a_o ambassador_n and_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o punishment_n as_o a_o enemy_n such_o a_o
william_n waller_n case_n f._n 373_o &_o 374._o the_o justice_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n chancery_n and_o common_a bench_n judicial_o sit_v to_o hear_v cause_n make_v a_o assault_n and_o affray_v upon_o sir_n thomas_n reignolds_n and_o beat_v he_o in_o disturbance_n of_o the_o law_n and_o contempt_n of_o the_o king_n etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o this_o be_v arraign_v and_o find_v guilty_a because_o the_o indictment_n be_v not_o that_o he_o do_v it_o in_o presence_n of_o the_o justice_n nor_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n all_o the_o judge_n agree_v that_o the_o judgement_n of_o cut_v off_o his_o hand_n shall_v not_o be_v give_v and_o so_o seriatim_o they_o deliver_v their_o opinion_n but_o because_o this_o offence_n be_v in_o the_o palace_n near_o the_o hall_n door_n whereby_o tumult_n may_v have_v be_v make_v and_o because_o it_o be_v find_v sit_v all_o the_o court_n and_o in_o disturbance_n of_o justice_n and_o law_n and_o in_o contempt_n of_o the_o king_n the_o court_n award_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v imprison_v for_o the_o say_a offence_n during_o the_o king_n pleasure_n and_o shall_v pay_v 1000_o pound_n fine_a thus_o much_o where_o the_o king_n be_v present_a by_o representation_n if_o any_o strike_v in_o the_o king_n palace_n 12._o 33._o h._n 8._o c._n 12._o where_o the_o king_n royal_a person_n reside_v he_o shall_v not_o lose_v his_o right_a hand_n unless_o he_o draw_v blood_n but_o if_o he_o draw_v blood_n than_o his_o right_a hand_n shall_v be_v strike_v off_o he_o perpetual_o imprison_v and_o fine_v and_o ransom_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v a_o man_n may_v perceive_v a_o great_a differenee_n between_o a_o blow_n or_o stroke_n in_o or_o before_o the_o say_a court_n of_o justice_n where_o the_o king_n be_v representative_o present_a and_o the_o king_n court_n where_o his_o royal_a person_n reside_v for_o in_o the_o king_n house_n blood_n must_v be_v draw_v which_o need_v not_o in_o or_o before_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n when_o the_o judge_n be_v do_v of_o that_o which_o to_o justice_n appertain_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v quia_fw-la justitia_fw-la firmatur_fw-la solium_fw-la 7._o rout_n a_o rout_n be_v when_o people_n do_v assemble_v themselves_o together_o and_o after_o do_v proceed_v or_o rid_v or_o go_v forth_o or_o do_v move_v by_o the_o instigation_n of_o one_o or_o more_o who_o be_v their_o leader_n this_o be_v call_v a_o rout_n because_o they_o do_v move_v and_o proceed_v in_o rout_n and_o member_n also_o where_o many_o assemble_v themselves_o together_o upon_o their_o own_o common_a quarrel_n and_o brawl_n as_o if_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o town_n will_v gather_v themselves_o together_o to_o break_v hedge_n pale_n or_o such_o like_a to_o have_v common_a there_o or_o to_o beat_v another_o that_o have_v do_v to_o they_o a_o common_a displeasure_n 5._o co._n 3._o inst_z 176._o lamb._n lib._n 2._o c._n 5._o or_o such_o like_a that_o be_v a_o rout_n and_o against_o the_o law_n although_o they_o have_v not_o do_v or_o put_v in_o execution_n their_o mischievous_a intent_n if_o so_o be_v they_o do_v go_v ride_v or_o move_v forward_o after_o their_o first_o meeting_n note_v that_o there_o be_v diversity_n between_o commit_v of_o a_o great_a rout_n or_o the_o like_a and_o levy_v of_o war_n for_o example_n as_o if_o three_o or_o four_o or_o more_o do_v rise_v to_o burn_v or_o put_v down_o a_o enclosure_n in_o dale_n 10._o co._n 3_o inst_z f._n 9_o &_o 10._o which_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o dale_n have_v make_v there_o in_o that_o particular_a place_n this_o or_o the_o like_a be_v a_o rout_n a_o riot_n or_o a_o unlawful_a affembly_n and_o no_o treason_n but_o if_o they_o have_v rise_v of_o purpose_n to_o alter_v religion_n establish_v within_o the_o realm_n or_o law_n or_o to_o go_v from_o town_n to_o town_n general_o and_o to_o cast_v down_o enclosure_n this_o be_v a_o levy_v of_o war_n though_o there_o be_v no_o great_a number_n of_o conspirator_n within_o the_o perview_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o because_o the_o pretence_n be_v public_a and_o general_a and_o not_o private_a in_o particular_a as_o it_o be_v resolve_v pasch_fw-mi 39_o eliz._n by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n in_o the_o case_n of_o richard_n bradshaw_n miller_n robert_n burton_n mason_n and_o other_o of_o oxfordshire_n 8._o riot_n riot_n in_o latin_a riotum_fw-la come_v of_o the_o french_a word_n rioter_n id_fw-la est_fw-la rixari_fw-la 176._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 176._o and_o in_o the_o common_a law_n signify_v when_o three_o or_o more_o do_v a_o unlawful_a act_n as_o to_o beat_v any_o man_n or_o to_o hunt_v in_o his_o park_n chase_n or_o warren_n or_o to_o enter_v or_o to_o take_v possession_n of_o another_o man_n land_n or_o to_o cut_v or_o destroy_v his_o corn_n grass_n or_o other_o profit_n etc._n etc._n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 17._o r._n 2._o and_o 13._o h_o 4._o 7._o 17._o r._n 2._o c._n 8.13_o h_o 4._o c._n 7._o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n and_o sheriff_n be_v to_o arrest_v those_o that_o commit_v riot_n and_o to_o record_v that_o which_o they_o find_v do_v in_o their_o presence_n against_o the_o law_n each_o man_n that_o be_v able_a 5.8_o 2._o h._n 5.8_o aught_o to_o help_v to_o repress_v riot_n upon_o pain_n of_o imprisonment_n and_o to_o make_v fine_a to_o the_o king_n evans_z and_o cottington_n and_o 7._o other_o be_v indict_v for_o a_o grand_a riot_n that_o they_o with_o other_o there_o name_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 1000_o person_n make_v a_o rescous_a and_o assault_v upon_o henry_n smith_n a_o baylif_n who_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o warrant_n upon_o a_o bill_n of_o middlesex_n against_o william_n clear_a have_v arrest_v he_o and_o be_v carry_v he_o to_o prison_n and_o they_o procure_v he_o to_o escape_v the_o arrest_n be_v at_o charing_n cross_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o st._n martin_n and_o after_o the_o arrest_n they_o assault_v the_o bailiff_n and_o beat_v they_o and_o the_o bailiff_n put_v the_o prisoner_n into_o a_o house_n for_o safe_a keep_n against_o the_o tumult_n they_o assault_v the_o house_n and_o notwithstanding_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n assist_v with_o three_o constable_n make_v proclamation_n for_o keep_v the_o peace_n and_o for_o their_o departure_n yet_o they_o continue_v their_o assault_n break_v open_a the_o house_n and_o with_o ladder_n take_v from_o the_o king_n house_n of_o white-hall_n where_o the_o king_n with_o his_o court_n be_v resident_a upon_o the_o 24._o of_o march_z 13_o car._n in_o the_o afternoon_n of_o the_o say_a day_n make_v this_o riot_n and_o rescous_a and_o carry_v the_o prisoner_n away_o through_o the_o king_n house_n and_o cause_v he_o to_o escape_v upon_o this_o indictment_n 9_o of_o they_o be_v arrest_v plead_v not-guilty_a and_o 4._o of_o they_o viz._n evans_n cottington_n groom_n and_o heatly_n be_v arraign_v be_v find_v guilty_a and_o 5_o of_o they_o be_v find_v not-guilty_a but_o against_o three_o of_o they_o be_v probable_a evidence_n that_o they_o be_v aid_v to_o this_o riot_n and_o rescous_a but_o the_o jury_n acquit_v they_o wherefore_o because_o it_o be_v so_o great_a a_o riot_n and_o offence_n be_v commit_v so_o near_o the_o court_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o say_v four_o person_n which_o be_v so_o convict_v shall_v be_v commit_v to_o prison_n and_o every_o one_o of_o they_o shall_v pay_v 500_o pound_n fine_a to_o the_o king_n and_o that_o every_o of_o they_o shall_v stand_v on_o the_o pillory_n at_o westminster_n and_o charing_n cross_n where_o the_o riot_n be_v do_v and_o that_o thomas_n groom_n who_o be_v a_o cobbler_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o house_n with_o a_o draw_a sword_n and_o a_o kettle_n upon_o his_o head_n as_o a_o helmet_n to_o defend_v himself_o shall_v stand_v on_o the_o pillory_n with_o a_o sword_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o a_o kettle_n upon_o his_o head_n and_o shall_v be_v bind_v with_o good_a secuty_n for_o their_o good_a behaviour_n before_o they_o shall_v be_v deliver_v and_o the_o three_o which_o be_v acquit_v against_o who_o there_o be_v such_o probable_a evidence_n be_v bind_v to_o find_v security_n for_o their_o good_a behaviour_n note_v 176._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 176._o a_o unlawful_a assembly_n be_v when_o three_o or_o more_o assemble_v themselves_o together_o to_o commit_v a_o riot_n or_o rout_n and_o do_v it_o not_o one_o or_o more_o say_v the_o lord_n coke_n may_v commit_v a_o force_n 176._o co._n litt._n 257_o a._n co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 176._o three_o or_o more_o may_v commit_v a_o unlawful_a assembly_n a_o riot_n or_o a_o rout_n a_o multitude_n as_o some_o have_v say_v must_v be_v ten_o or_o more_o multitudinem_fw-la decem_fw-la faciunt_fw-la and_o so_o say_v they_o it_o be_v say_v de_fw-fr grege_fw-la hominum_fw-la but_o coke_n tell_v
we_o that_o he_o can_v never_o read_v it_o restrain_v by_o the_o common_a law_n to_o any_o certain_a number_n but_o leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n thus_o decem_fw-la homines_fw-la populum_fw-la tres_fw-la collegium_fw-la bartolus_n bartolus_n duo_fw-la congregationem_fw-la &_o quindecim_fw-la turbam_fw-la constituunt_fw-la in_o jure_fw-la civili_fw-la sed_fw-la jure_fw-la in_o communi_fw-la angliae_fw-la tres_fw-la turbam_fw-la faciunt_fw-la 9_o affray_n single_a combat_n and_o challenge_n etc._n etc._n single_n combat_n combat_n 1._o single_a combat_n or_o duel_n between_o any_o of_o the_o king_n subject_n of_o their_o own_o head_n and_o for_o private_a malice_n or_o displeasure_n be_v prohibit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n for_o in_o settle_a state_n govern_v by_o law_n no_o man_n for_o any_o injury_n whatsoever_o ought_v to_o use_v private_a revenge_n because_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o supreme_a magistrate_n and_o god_n lieutenant_n on_o earth_n and_o the_o law_n herein_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o god_n deut._n 32.35_o 〈◊〉_d 12.19_o it_o be_v also_o against_o the_o law_n of_o naâ—â—â—â—_n and_o nation_n for_o a_o man_n to_o be_v judge_n in_o 〈◊〉_d own_o proper_a cause_n especial_o in_o duel_n where_o fury_n wrath_n malice_n and_o revenge_n be_v the_o rulâ—_n of_o the_o judgement_n hinc_fw-la est_fw-la say_v one_o quâ—d_a legum_n reperta_fw-la est_fw-la sa_fw-it ra_fw-mi reverentia_fw-la ut_fw-la nihil_fw-la manu_fw-la nihil_fw-la proprio_fw-la ageretur_fw-la impulsu_fw-la quid_fw-la enim_fw-la a_o bellica_fw-la confusione_n pax_fw-la tranquilla_fw-la distat_fw-la si_fw-la per_fw-la vim_o litigia_fw-la terminantur_fw-la but_o it_o may_v be_v object_v object_n that_o it_o be_v lawful_a vim_o vi_o repellere_fw-la therefore_o private_a revenge_n be_v lawful_a the_o reason_n of_o the_o consequence_n be_v because_o by_o revenge_n force_n by_o force_n be_v repel_v it_o be_v answer_v resp_n that_o the_o antecedent_n be_v not_o simple_o and_o universal_o true_a vim_fw-la vi_fw-la repellere_fw-la licet_fw-la cum_fw-la moderamine_fw-la inculpatae_fw-la tutelae_fw-la in_fw-la casu_fw-la ultimae_fw-la &_o indeclinabilis_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la non_fw-la semper_fw-la &_o quocumque_fw-la modo_fw-la note_v that_o duel_n be_v lawful_a if_o they_o be_v warrant_v by_o public_a authority_n such_o as_o heretofore_o our_o trial_n by_o batail_n ad_fw-la probandam_fw-la veritatem_fw-la litis_fw-la and_o such_o be_v the_o duel_n betwixt_o david_n &_o goliath_n which_o be_v strike_v by_o public_a warrant_n and_o authority_n vid._n more_o of_o this_o in_o grotius_n lib._n 2._o c._n 1._o nu_fw-la 15._o &_o cap._n 23._o nu_fw-la 10._o note_v further_o that_o albeit_o upon_o the_o single_a combat_n that_o proceed_v not_o from_o public_a authority_n no_o death_n ensue_v nor_o blood_n draw_v affray_n affray_n yet_o the_o very_a combat_n for_o revenge_n be_v a_o affray_n and_o a_o great_a breach_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n a_o affright_n and_o terror_n to_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o fine_a and_o imprisonment_n and_o to_o find_v surety_n for_o their_o behaviour_n when_o any_o affray_n be_v make_v by_o single_a combat_n any_o slander_n by_o that_o be_v no_o officer_n 178._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 178._o may_v endeavour_v to_o part_v they_o and_o prevent_v further_a danger_n and_o the_o law_n do_v encourage_v they_o thereunto_o for_o if_o they_o receive_v any_o harm_n by_o the_o affrayour_n they_o shall_v have_v their_o remedy_n by_o law_n against_o they_o and_o if_o the_o affrayour_n receive_v any_o hurt_n by_o the_o endeavour_v only_o to_o part_v they_o the_o stander_n by_o may_v justify_v the_o same_o and_o the_o affrayour_n have_v no_o remedy_n by_o law_n 56._o 8._o e._n 2._o cor._n 295.22_o ass_n pl._n 56._o but_o if_o either_o of_o the_o party_n be_v slay_v or_o wound_v or_o so_o strike_v as_o he_o fall_v down_o for_o dead_a in_o that_o case_n the_o stander_n by_o aught_o to_o apprehend_v the_o party_n so_o slave_v etc._n etc._n or_o to_o endeavour_v the_o same_o by_o the_o hue_n and_o cry_n or_o else_o for_o his_o escape_n they_o shall_v be_v fine_v and_o imprison_v but_o if_o the_o sheriff_n justice_n of_o peace_n constable_n or_o other_o conservatour_n of_o the_o peace_n do_v not_o part_v the_o affrayour_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n and_o apprehend_v they_o be_v within_o his_o view_n or_o do_v not_o his_o uttermost_a to_o part_n and_o apprehend_v they_o they_o may_v be_v imprison_v for_o their_o neglect_n thereof_o for_o they_o may_v command_v other_o to_o assist_v they_o and_o therefore_o the_o rule_n hold_v in_o they_o qui_fw-la non_fw-la prohibet_fw-la case_n 3._o h._n 7.10.6_o bedingseilds_n case_n cum_fw-la prohibere_fw-la possit_fw-la in_fw-la culpa_fw-la est_fw-la and_o if_o any_o be_v command_v to_o assist_v they_o therein_o and_o refuse_v or_o neglect_v the_o same_o it_o be_v a_o contempt_n in_o they_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o fine_a and_o imprisonment_n the_o word_n affray_v and_o assault_n be_v indifferent_o use_v of_o most_o man_n and_o that_o also_o in_o some_o of_o our_o book_n case_n but_o yet_o according_a to_o lambards_n opinion_n there_o want_v not_o a_o just_a difference_n between_o they_o for_o affray_n be_v derive_v of_o the_o french_a effrayer_n which_o signify_v to_o terrify_v or_o bring_v fear_n which_o the_o law_n understand_v to_o be_v a_o common_a wrong_n and_o therefore_o be_v it_o enquirable_a in_o the_o turn_v of_o the_o sheriff_n or_o in_o a_o leete_n 4._o h._n 6.10_o and_o 8._o e._n 4.5_o otherwise_o it_o be_v of_o a_o assault_n as_o it_o seem_v by_o those_o very_a book_n yet_o may_v a_o affray_n be_v without_o word_n or_o blow_v give_v as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v show_v himself_o furnish_v with_o arm_n or_o weapon_n which_o be_v not_o usual_o wear_v and_o bear_v it_o will_v strike_v a_o fear_n into_o other_o that_o be_v not_o arm_v as_o he_o be_v but_o a_o assault_n as_o it_o be_v fetch_v from_o another_o fountain_n namely_o from_o the_o latin_a assultus_fw-la which_o denote_v a_o leap_v or_o fly_v upon_o a_o man_n so_o can_v it_o not_o be_v perform_v without_o the_o offer_n of_o some_o hurtful_a blow_n or_o at_o the_o least_o of_o some_o fearful_a speech_n and_o therefore_o to_o strike_v at_o a_o man_n although_o he_o be_v neither_o hurt_n or_o hit_v with_o the_o blow_n be_v adjudge_v a_o assault_n 22._o ass_n pl._n 60._o for_o this_o assault_n do_v always_o necessary_o imply_v a_o hit_v and_o therefore_o in_o trespass_n of_o assault_n and_o battery_n a_o man_n may_v be_v find_v guilty_a of_o the_o assault_n and_o yet_o be_v excuse_v of_o the_o battery_n 40._o e._n 3.40_o &_o 45._o e._n 3.24_o 3._o challenge_n 215._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 158._o v._n hobart_n report_v barrow_n v._o llewillen_n f._n 62._o hickes_n case_n 215._o if_o any_o subject_a by_o word_n message_n or_o write_v challenge_v another_o to_o fight_v with_o he_o this_o be_v a_o offence_n before_o any_o combat_n be_v perform_v and_o punishable_a by_o law_n and_o it_o be_v contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la coronam_fw-la &_o dignitatem_fw-la regis_fw-la for_o prohibetur_fw-la cum_fw-la aliquid_fw-la prohibentur_fw-la etiam_fw-la media_fw-la ad_fw-la illud_fw-la tendentia_fw-la the_o mean_n of_o such_o evil_n as_o well_o as_o the_o end_n be_v to_o be_v prevent_v 10._o libel_n a_o libel_n signify_v a_o criminous_a report_n of_o any_o man_n cast_v abroad_o be_v he_o magistrate_n or_o a_o private_a person_n or_o otherwise_o unlawful_o publish_v in_o writing_n and_o therefore_o for_o distinction_n sake_n it_o be_v call_v a_o infamous_a libel_n or_o pasquil_n it_o matter_n not_o whether_o the_o libel_n be_v true_a or_o false_a or_o whether_o the_o party_n be_v of_o good_a fame_n or_o ill_a fame_n for_o it_o incit_v all_o the_o same_o family_n kindred_n or_o society_n to_o revenge_n and_o so_o tend_v by_o consequence_n to_o the_o effusion_n of_o blood_n and_o to_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o therefore_o such_o libel_v be_v it_o true_a or_o false_a be_v punishable_a by_o our_o law_n it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o star-chamber_n 44._o eliz._n hallywoods_n case_n that_o if_o any_o find_v a_o libel_n and_o will_v preserve_v himself_o out_o of_o danger_n if_o it_o be_v a_o private_a man_n the_o finder_n may_v either_o burn_v it_o or_o present_o deliver_v it_o to_o some_o magistrate_n but_o if_o it_o concern_v a_o magistrate_n or_o public_a person_n he_o ought_v to_o give_v it_o to_o the_o magistrate_n one_o jeffes_n be_v indict_v for_o that_o he_o exhibit_v a_o infamous_a libel_n 175._o cro._n 3._o part_n jeffes_n case_n f._n 175._o direct_v unto_o the_o king_n against_o sir_n ed._n coke_n late_a chief-justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o against_o the_o say_a court_n for_o a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o say_a court_n in_o the_o case_n of_o magdalen_n college_n affirm_v the_o say_a judgement_n to_o be_v treason_n and_o
which_o he_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o goal_n and_o r._n a_o attorney_n advise_v the_o friend_n of_o the_o felon_n to_o persuade_v the_o witness_n not_o to_o appear_v to_o give_v evidence_n against_o he_o which_o be_v do_v according_o and_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o neither_o the_o friend_n nor_o the_o attorney_n be_v accessory_n to_o the_o felony_n but_o it_o be_v a_o great_a contempt_n and_o misprision_n for_o which_o they_o may_v be_v fine_v and_o imprison_v hitherto_o of_o the_o party_n in_o judgement_n criminal_a the_o assistant_n in_o judgement_n criminal_a be_v of_o two_o sort_n assistant_n 2_o of_o the_o assistant_n the_o one_o appertain_v to_o the_o king_n as_o the_o king_n sergeant_n his_o attorney_n and_o solicitor_n general_n and_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o other_o to_o the_o party_n arraign_v assign_v to_o he_o upon_o his_o prayer_n by_o the_o court_n the_o duty_n of_o the_o king_n council_n learn_v in_o the_o law_n be_v to_o manage_v the_o evidence_n against_o the_o prisoner_n at_o his_o trial_n and_o the_o function_n of_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v to_o frame_v read_v and_o record_v all_o indictment_n against_o traitor_n felon_n and_o other_o offender_n arraign_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n upon_o any_o public_a crime_n note_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o h_n 4._o this_o clerk_n of_o the_o crown_n 10_o 2_o h_n 4_o c_o 10_o if_o fourscore_o or_o a_o hundred_o man_n be_v indict_v of_o felony_n or_o trespass_n of_o one_o felony_n or_o one_o trespass_n and_o they_o plead_v to_o a_o issue_n as_o not_o guilty_a the_o say_a clerk_n ought_v not_o to_o take_v for_o the_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la nor_o for_o the_o enter_v of_o the_o plea_n but_o two_o shilling_n only_o and_o not_o two_o shilling_n for_o every_o one_o which_o act_n be_v make_v in_o affirmance_n of_o the_o common_a law_n so_o if_o one_o man_n be_v indict_v of_o two_o several_a felony_n or_o trespass_n and_o be_v acquit_v 24_o 26_o ass_n pl_z 24_o he_o shall_v pay_v but_o for_o one_o deliverance_n as_o to_o the_o council_n belong_v to_o the_o party_n arraign_v the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v thus_o where_o any_o person_n be_v indict_v of_o treason_n or_o felony_n and_o plead_v to_o the_o treason_n or_o felony_n not_o guilty_a which_o go_v to_o the_o fact_n best_o know_v to_o the_o party_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o party_n in_o that_o case_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o advocate_n assign_v to_o defend_v his_o cause_n or_o allege_v any_o matter_n for_o he_o but_o if_o the_o party_n arraign_v have_v any_o matter_n of_o law_n to_o plead_v he_o shall_v have_v council_n assign_v by_o the_o court_n to_o plead_v the_o same_o as_o to_o plead_v a_o general_a pardon_n or_o a_o particular_a pardon_n or_o to_o plead_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n if_o the_o verdict_n be_v find_v against_o he_o that_o the_o trial_n come_v not_o out_o of_o the_o right_a place_n case_n co._n lib._n 6_o f_z 14_o arundels_n case_n as_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o arundels_n case_n convict_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o wilful_a murder_n or_o any_o other_o matter_n of_o law_n sir_n humphrey_n stafford_n have_v a_o advocate_n assign_v he_o concern_v the_o privilege_n of_o sanctuary_n b._n 1._o h._n 7_o â—_o 22_o b._n from_o whence_o he_o be_v draw_v by_o force_n but_o for_o the_o matter_n of_o high_a treason_n he_o plead_v his_o own_o cause_n but_o though_o the_o party_n arraign_v upon_o a_o indictment_n of_o treason_n or_o felony_n and_o plead_v to_o the_o treason_n or_o felony_n not_o guilty_a which_o go_v to_o the_o fact_n can_v have_v council_n to_o give_v in_o evidence_n or_o allege_v any_o matter_n for_o he_o yet_o in_o appeal_n which_o be_v the_o suit_n of_o the_o subject_a council_n be_v allow_v and_o the_o reason_n why_o council_n be_v not_o prohibit_v in_o a_o appeal_n as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o indictment_n may_v be_v this_o there_o be_v no_o appeal_n bring_v 48._o doctor_n &_o stud._n lib._n 2._o c._n 48._o but_o that_o of_o common_a presumption_n the_o appellant_n have_v malice_n against_o the_o apellee_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o judge_n shall_v in_o those_o case_n show_v themselves_o to_o instruct_v the_o appellee_n the_o appellant_n will_v grutch_v and_o think_v they_o partial_a and_o therefore_o as_o well_o of_o the_o indemnity_n of_o the_o court_n as_o of_o the_o appellee_n in_o that_o case_n that_o he_o be_v not_o guilty_a the_o law_n suffer_v the_o appellee_n to_o have_v council_n but_o when_o a_o man_n be_v indict_v at_o the_o king_n suit_n the_o king_n intend_v nothing_o but_o justice_n with_o favour_n and_o that_o be_v to_o the_o rest_n and_o quietness_n of_o his_o faithful_a subject_n and_o to_o pull_v away_o misdoer_n among_o they_o charitable_o and_o therefore_o the_o king_n will_v be_v content_v that_o his_o justice_n shall_v help_v forth_o the_o offender_n according_a to_o the_o truth_n as_o far_o as_o reason_n and_o justice_n may_v suffer_v note_v 29._o co_n 3._o inst_z 29._o that_o in_o scotland_n in_o all_o criminal_a case_n yea_o in_o case_n of_o high_a treason_n pars_fw-la rea_fw-la may_v have_v council_n learned_a thus_o much_o of_o the_o assistant_n there_o be_v in_o criminal_a or_o public_a judgement_n a_o twofold_a judge_n judge_n â—_o of_o the_o judge_n one_o of_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o that_o be_v the_o jury_n who_o office_n be_v to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n a._n co_n lit._n 226._o a._n lib._n 4._o heydon_n case_n â—2_n a._n lib._n 9_o dowmans_n case_n f_o 13_o a._n the_o other_o of_o law-matter_n and_o that_o be_v the_o king_n justice_n who_o office_n be_v to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o law_n ad_fw-la questionem_fw-la facti_fw-la nen_fw-la respondent_fw-la judices_fw-la ita_fw-la ad_fw-la quoestionem_fw-la juris_fw-la non_fw-la respondent_fw-la juratores_fw-la of_o these_o particular_o 1._o of_o the_o jury._n juror_n ought_v to_o be_v person_n competent_a and_o that_o they_o be_v such_o it_o be_v require_v that_o every_o juror_n that_o be_v return_v for_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o life_n of_o man_n b._n co_n lit_n 1â—5_n b_o 272_o a_o 78_o b._n aught_o to_o have_v three_o quality_n 1._o he_o ought_v to_o be_v dwelling_n most_o near_o to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o question_n be_v move_v for_o lex_fw-la intendit_fw-la vicinum_fw-la vicini_fw-la facta_fw-la scire_fw-la 2._o stat._n 2._o h_o 5_o c._n 3_o stat._n 2._o 2._o he_o that_o pass_v in_o a_o enquest_n of_o life_n and_o death_n aught_o to_o have_v land_n and_o tenement_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 40_o shilling_n 3._o he_o ought_v to_o be_v least_o suspicious_a that_o be_v to_o be_v indifferent_a as_o he_o stand_v unsworn_a and_o then_o he_o be_v account_v liber_n &_o legalis_fw-la homo_fw-la otherwise_o he_o may_v be_v challenge_v and_o not_o suffer_v to_o be_v swear_v the_o determination_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n by_o juror_n case_n co_n lit._n 226._o a._n co._n lib._n 9_o f._n 13._o a._n dowmans_n case_n be_v term_v in_o our_o law_n a_o verdict_n in_o latin_a veredictum_fw-la quasi_fw-la dictum_fw-la very_fw-la satis_fw-la and_o of_o verdict_n some_o be_v general_a some_o special_a or_o at_o large_a it_o be_v call_v a_o special_a verdict_n or_o at_o large_a because_o the_o jurour_n find_v the_o special_a matter_n at_o large_a b._n co._n lit._n f._n 226._o b._n &_o leave_v the_o judgement_n of_o law_n thereupon_o to_o the_o court_n of_o which_o kind_n of_o verdict_n it_o be_v say_v omnis_fw-la conclusio_fw-la boni_fw-la &_o very_fw-la judicii_fw-la sequitur_fw-la ex_fw-la bonis_fw-la &_o veris_fw-la praemissis_fw-la &_o dictis_fw-la juratorum_fw-la touch_v special_a verdict_n in_o crown_n matter_n vide_fw-la cro._n 3._o part_n hallowayes_n case_n cook_n case_n f._n 537._o 2._o of_o the_o judge_n in_o matter_n of_o law_n the_o judge_n that_o be_v to_o decide_v and_o discuss_v matter_n in_o law_n be_v bind_v to_o observe_v these_o particular_n §_o 1._o they_o ought_v to_o judge_v secundum_fw-la allegata_fw-la &_o probata_fw-la quotiescunque_fw-la sententiam_fw-la fert_fw-la judex_n secundum_fw-la allegata_fw-la &_o probata_fw-la far_o debet_fw-la 2._o they_o ought_v to_o see_v that_o the_o indictment_n 1â—7_n co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 1â—7_n trial_n and_o other_o proceed_n be_v good_a and_o sufficient_a in_o law_n otherwise_o they_o will_v by_o their_o erroneous_a judgement_n attaint_v the_o prisoner_n unjust_o 3._o the_o court_n ought_v to_o be_v instead_o of_o countel_n for_o the_o prisoner_n to_o see_v that_o nothing_o be_v urge_v against_o he_o contrary_a to_o law_n and_o right_n 29._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 29._o nay_o any_o learned_a man_n that_o be_v present_a may_v inform_v the_o court_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o prisoner_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o may_v make_v the_o proceed_n erroneous_a 4._o the_o jadge_n ought_v not_o to_o deliver_v their_o opinion_n before_o hand_n of_o any_o criminal_a cause_n