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cause_n king_n people_n prince_n 3,388 5 5.5555 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A38741 Europæ modernæ speculum, or, A view of the empires, kingdoms, principalities, seignieuries [sic], and common-wealths of Europe in their present state, their government, policy, different interest and mutual aspect one towards another, from the treaty at Munster, anno 1648, to this present year. 1666 (1666) Wing E3417A; ESTC R30444 129,187 283

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comines_n with_o the_o fort_n of_o st._n amour_n bleverans_n and_o joux_n the_o town_n of_o rocroy_n catelet_n and_o linchamp_n which_o be_v a_o small_a restitution_n for_o the_o acquist_n the_o french_a have_v make_v by_o this_o treaty_n as_o to_o the_o force_n of_o these_o province_n it_o be_v and_o have_v appear_v to_o be_v very_o redoubt_a the_o walloon_n be_v excellent_a soldier_n both_o for_o horse_n and_o foot_n as_o they_o have_v approve_v themselves_o both_o at_o home_o and_o abroad_o nor_o be_v they_o less_o numerous_a beside_o the_o gentry_n be_v very_o ready_a to_o the_o service_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o country_n and_o be_v most_o accomplish_a person_n speak_v prompt_o six_o or_o seven_o language_n of_o which_o latin_a very_o ready_o but_o this_o repute_a to_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o war_n which_o bring_v a_o conflux_n of_o all_o nation_n into_o those_o part_n as_o to_o maritime_a affair_n their_o dunkirk_n navigation_n sufficient_o tell_v the_o world_n what_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v at_o sea_n but_o now_o they_o have_v but_o two_o port_n town_n newport_n and_o ostend_n and_o neither_o of_o a_o convenient_a station_n or_o harbour_n for_o ship_n be_v very_o narrow_a and_o difficult_a to_o come_v out_o of_o with_o some_o wind_n notwithstanding_o they_o will_v serve_v well_o enough_o for_o pyratical_a conveniency_n but_o to_o fleet_n let_v flanders_n bid_v adieu_n the_o revenue_n of_o these_o province_n be_v considerable_a be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o constant_a charge_n which_o the_o king_n be_v at_o in_o maintain_v they_o so_o that_o they_o have_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o correlative_a of_o the_o west_n indies_n during_o the_o late_a war_n when_o they_o spend_v and_o consume_v all_o that_o treasure_n and_o bankrupt_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n beside_o and_o sure_o it_o will_v be_v a_o long_a time_n and_o there_o must_v be_v as_o long_o a_o tract_n of_o peace_n before_o their_o income_n will_v balance_v the_o account_n and_o make_v the_o 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exercute_v and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n serve_v with_o butter_n and_o flesh_n of_o excellent_a relish_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v almost_o plain_a here_o and_o there_o garnish_v with_o fruitful_a hill_n and_o green_a valley_n who_o plenty_n do_v contend_v with_o variety_n fertility_n with_o delicacy_n commodiousness_n of_o situation_n with_o the_o beautiful_a fabric_n and_o structure_n of_o city_n and_o herein_o without_o controversy_n italy_n give_v place_n to_o france_n for_o although_o some_o one_o corner_n thereof_o afford_v exquisite_a pleasure_n and_o delightful_a prospect_n with_o happy_a convenience_n of_o situation_n as_o rovera_fw-fr d'_fw-fr sala_n campania_n the_o territory_n of_o croton_n tarent_n and_o some_o other_o city_n of_o calabria_n yet_o those_o be_v singular_a and_o few_o in_o italy_n common_a and_o frequent_a in_o fra_n ce_fw-fr especial_o in_o burgundy_n brie_n the_o isle_n of_o france_n turen_n anjou_n xaintong_v and_o languedoc_n 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be_v
and_o they_o be_v seven_o in_o number_n which_o that_o the_o king_n may_v be_v the_o better_o inform_v of_o all_o affair_n they_o keep_v always_o near_o about_o his_o person_n in_o several_a chamber_n under_o one_o roof_n their_o name_n be_v these_o the_o council_n of_o spain_n 2._o of_o the_o indies_n 3._o of_o italy_n 4._o of_o the_o low_a country_n 5._o of_o war._n 6._o of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n john_n and_o 7._o of_o the_o inquisition_n in_o these_o the_o slow_a and_o considerate_a advisoe_n of_o fabim_n rather_o than_o the_o praecipitant_fw-la resolution_n of_o marcellus_n be_v receive_v in_o as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v innovation_n and_o change_n of_o ancient_a custom_n be_v avoid_v by_o which_o constancy_n and_o their_o wariness_n in_o their_o action_n they_o do_v seldom_o commit_v any_o oversight_n or_o fall_v into_o any_o disorder_n or_o rapture_n at_o home_n by_o this_o way_n of_o council_n the_o king_n range_v under_o his_o obedience_n castilian_n arragon_n biscayner_n fleming_n italian_n indian_n christian_n and_o gentile_n people_n utter_o different_a in_o law_n custom_n and_o nature_n as_o if_o they_o be_v all_o of_o one_o nation_n and_o all_o his_o natural_a subject_n the_o ill_a correspondency_n that_o be_v always_o among_o those_o counselor_n who_o emulate_v one_o another_o greatness_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o long_a deliberation_n and_o slackness_n in_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n but_o all_o matter_n once_o resolve_v on_o in_o council_n pass_v indifferent_o with_o incredible_a and_o surpass_a secrecy_n as_o well_o those_o of_o mean_a as_o those_o of_o the_o weighty_a consideration_n secrecy_n of_o all_o secure_v every_o particular_a and_o be_v indeed_o the_o true_a scope_n of_o all_o matter_n of_o state_n for_o design_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v take_v air_n be_v blast_v therewith_o in_o this_o point_n philip_n the_o second_o of_o spain_n the_o able_a prince_n of_o his_o time_n be_v very_o tenacious_a do_v many_o thing_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n which_o never_o come_v near_o his_o secretary_n but_o be_v transmit_v by_o himself_o uncopy_v but_o what_o he_o take_v likewise_o himself_o to_o his_o express_v and_o dispatch_n in_o his_o last_o advice_n to_o his_o son_n there_o be_v these_o word_n do_v not_o offend_v or_o anger_v the_o secretary_n deliver_v they_o always_o work_v of_o small_a or_o great_a importance_n and_o make_v proof_n of_o they_o rather_o by_o your_o enemy_n than_o your_o friend_n lock_v your_o chief_a secret_n in_o your_o own_o breast_n in_o this_o prince_n fail_v that_o high-flown_a ambition_n which_o have_v torment_v his_o father_n charles_n and_o himself_o during_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o their_o reign_n namely_o the_o conceit_n of_o a_o universal_a monarchy_n nor_o do_v it_o die_v with_o he_o for_o have_v all_o his_o life_n study_v nothing_o more_o than_o the_o ruin_n of_o france_n by_o the_o league_n and_o his_o own_o arm_n he_o commend_v the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o design_n to_o his_o son_n have_v also_o a_o little_a before_o his_o death_n resolve_v on_o another_o expedition_n for_o england_n have_v procure_v a_o more_o exact_a account_n of_o its_o havens_n the_o roman_a catholic_n etc._n etc._n but_o his_o successor_n philip_n the_o 3d._n for_o his_o son_n charles_n be_v murder_v in_o the_o inquisition_n as_o suspect_v to_o favour_v the_o protestant_n by_o his_o own_o consent_n see_v how_o the_o treasure_n be_v waste_v and_o his_o father_n credit_v engage_v for_o divers_a vast_a sum_n of_o money_n not_o full_o pay_v to_o this_o day_n but_o run_v on_o interest_n and_o discharge_v by_o degree_n resolve_v to_o steer_v another_o course_n and_o first_o make_v peace_n with_o england_n and_o then_o a_o truce_n with_o the_o dutch_a for_o 12._o year_n and_o as_o the_o great_a act_n of_o his_o reign_n utter_o expel_v the_o moor_n 1100000._o be_v drive_v out_o after_o their_o former_a expulsion_n by_o ferdinand_n who_o lest_o the_o country_n shall_v be_v dispeople_v suffer_v such_o as_o will_v turn_v christian_n to_o stay_v but_o now_o the_o inquisition_n discover_v they_o all_o for_o hypocrite_n and_o entitle_v the_o king_n to_o a_o brave_a patrimony_n this_o same_o philip_n the_o 3d._n be_v a_o great_a stickler_n for_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n in_o the_o german_a war_n new_o begin_v with_o the_o elector_n palatine_n at_o which_o time_n in_o 1621._o he_o die_v and_o his_o son_n philip_n the_o four_o succeed_v with_o who_o be_v that_o fruitless_a treaty_n of_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o infanta_n and_o the_o restitution_n of_o the_o palatinate_n this_o prince_n have_v be_v embroil_v in_o the_o dutch_a and_o french_a war_n all_o along_o against_o his_o inclination_n which_o be_v otherwise_o dispose_v for_o he_o love_v quiet_a and_o pleasure_n and_o vacancy_n from_o those_o trouble_n of_o empire_n which_o afflict_v ambitious_a people_n and_o it_o be_v hope_v therefore_o he_o will_v hearken_v now_o in_o his_o old_a age_n to_o a_o composure_n with_o portugal_n from_o which_o he_o have_v reap_v more_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n than_o the_o kingdom_n can_v be_v worth_a to_o he_o beside_o there_o be_v some_o reason_n of_o state_n why_o the_o army_n of_o spain_n shall_v be_v disband_v and_o no_o force_n more_o than_o usual_a keep_v on_o foot_n lest_o the_o general_n make_v some_o disturbance_n in_o the_o succession_n who_o have_v the_o clergy_n and_o the_o soldiery_n on_o his_o side_n however_o at_o present_a nothing_o be_v more_o eager_o carry_v on_o than_o the_o preparation_n for_o this_o campagnia_fw-la but_o what_o the_o issue_n will_v be_v either_o peace_n or_o victory_n time_n will_v decide_v as_o to_o the_o force_n of_o this_o kingdom_n the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o they_o as_o of_o the_o bee_n quae_fw-la regio_fw-la in_o terris_fw-la nostri_fw-la non_fw-la plena_fw-la laboris_fw-la there_o be_v no_o nation_n in_o europe_n but_o the_o remote_a northern_a kingdom_n that_o have_v not_o feel_v the_o puissance_n thereof_o and_o 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herself_o have_v arm_v this_o people_n in_o give_v they_o the_o iron_n mine_n of_o biskay_n guypuscoa_n and_o medina_n with_o the_o temperature_n of_o bilbo_n toledo_n etc._n etc._n to_o conclude_v as_o to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o force_n aforesaid_a this_o prince_n be_v of_o that_o mightiness_n and_o reputation_n to_o this_o day_n that_o beside_o his_o own_o subject_n he_o be_v able_a to_o wage_v what_o number_n of_o horseman_n and_o footman_n of_o the_o german_n italian_a and_o dutch_a nation_n it_o please_v he_o beside_o his_o nobleman_n be_v bind_v to_o bring_v so_o many_o horse_n into_o the_o field_n etc._n etc._n and_o he_o that_o remember_v how_o the_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o in_o catalonia_n portugal_n italy_n and_o the_o low_a country_n together_o can_v but_o resolve_v that_o his_o puissance_n be_v most_o considerable_a at_o all_o time_n his_o majesty_n be_v likewise_o constrain_v to_o maintain_v a_o strong_a armada_n in_o these_o sea_n to_o safeguard_v the_o navigation_n to_o the_o indies_n beside_o 24._o galley_n to_o guard_v the_o coast_n from_o the_o turk_n the_o charge_n whereof_o be_v a_o million_o of_o crown_n there_o be_v beside_o 8000._o praesidiary_a soldier_n and_o no_o more_o in_o the_o frontier_n and_o coast_n town_n of_o spain_n the_o charge_n whereof_o i_o see_v not_o compute_v as_o to_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o potentate_n the_o ordinary_a income_n thereof_o amount_v to_o six_o million_o of_o gold_n or_o 11._o million_o of_o crown_n yearly_a whereof_o much_o be_v engage_v for_o the_o debt_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o rest_n be_v spend_v in_o charge_n of_o the_o war_n the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o king_n household_n and_o in_o the_o galley_n furnish_v against_o the_o barbary_n pirate_n to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v as_o another_o ordinary_a revenue_n the_o two_o million_o of_o crown_n which_o he_o receive_v yearly_a of_o the_o clergy_n together_o with_o the_o commendam_n of_o vacant_a praesentation_n
to_o court_n where_o the_o king_n attend_v by_o the_o chancellor_n have_v again_o declare_v to_o they_o the_o subject_a and_o the_o cause_n for_o which_o he_o summon_v they_o receive_v and_o hear_v their_o advice_n and_o so_o the_o affair_n be_v end_v nemine_fw-la contradicente_fw-la nemine_fw-la dissentiente_fw-la otherwise_o the_o diet_n be_v dissolve_v every_o one_o depart_v and_o the_o proposal_n so_o far_o advance_v return_v again_o to_o their_o idea_n the_o ordinary_a matter_n be_v decide_v by_o those_o judge_n that_o be_v establish_v in_o every_o province_n it_o be_v report_v that_o all_o sort_n of_o person_n be_v admit_v to_o enter_v and_o to_o hear_v that_o which_o be_v propose_v in_o the_o provincial_a assembly_n but_o not_o in_o the_o general_a one_o so_o that_o the_o mean_a peasant_n may_v divulge_v that_o which_o ought_v not_o to_o pass_v the_o cabinet_n of_o the_o prince_n if_o they_o treat_v of_o war_n the_o enemy_n have_v news_n of_o it_o stand_v upon_o his_o guard_n and_o oftentimes_o prevent_v that_o whfch_fw-mi after_o long_a debate_n be_v conclude_v for_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o troop_n every_o man_n know_v how_o many_o man_n shall_v make_v the_o vanguard_n or_o the_o reserve_v what_o provision_n advantage_n or_o dis-advantage_n and_o in_o fine_a every_o thing_n relate_v to_o the_o menage_n of_o the_o war._n when_o this_o be_v consider_v and_o these_o maxim_n of_o state_n examine_v with_o the_o slowness_n and_o the_o difficulty_n of_o conclude_v any_o thing_n together_o with_o the_o bound_a power_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o licence_n and_o caprice_n and_o ignorance_n of_o the_o subject_a as_o to_o a_o particular_a person_n who_o no_o spoil_n all_o and_o last_o those_o engine_n which_o move_v this_o empire_n it_o may_v be_v assure_o affirm_v that_o the_o policy_n thereof_o can_v be_v much_o advantageous_a to_o the_o public_a and_o that_o the_o be_v thereof_o depend_v more_o upon_o the_o valour_n than_o the_o prudence_n of_o the_o pole_n unless_o in_o matter_n mere_o military_a and_o in_o action_n and_o in_o the_o general_n be_v disposal_n and_o that_o the_o ally_n of_o this_o crown_n shall_v never_o receive_v any_o advantage_n or_o succour_v from_o it_o for_o that_o this_o way_n of_o government_n be_v sole_o invent_v for_o the_o subsistence_n of_o poor_a gentleman_n who_o render_v themselves_o necessary_a and_o considerable_a by_o this_o liberty_n of_o their_o vote_n and_o suffrage_n notwithstanding_o this_o liberty_n of_o election_n and_o voice_n it_o be_v never_o know_v that_o the_o state_n pass_v by_o any_o of_o the_o child_n or_o descendant_n of_o these_o prince_n in_o their_o election_n and_o when_o the_o direct_a line_n of_o they_o have_v fail_v common_o choose_v no_o stranger_n though_o the_o tartar_n have_v put_v in_o for_o this_o sceptre_n as_o can_v be_v instance_a in_o the_o present_a king_n casimir_n and_o his_o predecessor_n and_o the_o former_a election_n of_o stephen_n bathory_n prince_n of_o transylvania_n who_o marry_v the_o sister_n of_o sigismond_n the_o second_o except_v henry_n of_o france_n as_o now_o the_o duke_n of_o enguien_v son_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o conde_n be_v like_a to_o succeed_v the_o present_a king_n who_o have_v no_o issue_n of_o his_o own_o this_o king_n be_v the_o second_o son_n of_o sigismond_n who_o valiant_o repel_v sultan_n osman_n 1622._o crown_v at_o cracovia_n in_o 1587._o in_o consideration_n of_o katherine_n jagello_n his_o mother_n right_a who_o be_v the_o daughter_n of_o sigismond_n the_o one_a right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o sweden_n as_o son_n of_o john_n elder_a brother_n to_o charles_n the_o son_n of_o gustav_n ericus_n who_o chase_v the_o dane_n out_o of_o sweden_n in_o 1560._o by_o virtue_n of_o which_o primogeniture_n the_o pole_n lay_v claim_v to_o the_o say_a kingdom_n of_o sweden_n as_o to_o the_o present_a aspect_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n something_o have_v be_v hint_v as_o it_o be_v now_o engage_v in_o a_o war_n with_o the_o muscovite_n the_o ordinary_a and_o usual_a employment_n of_o its_o arm_n which_o have_v the_o great_a duke_n and_o sometime_o the_o tartar_n for_o their_o continual_a enemy_n in_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o the_o scot_n and_o we_o before_o the_o union_n the_o old_a quarrel_n be_v the_o detainer_n of_o the_o duchy_n and_o city_n of_o smolensko_n and_o the_o province_n of_o moloch_n take_v first_o from_o the_o pole_n to_o who_o duchy_n of_o lithuania_n they_o be_v annex_v by_o ivan_n vasilowich_n the_o great_a russian_a tyrant_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o sigismond_n augustus_n and_o after_o many_o change_n and_o vicissitude_n subdue_v again_o by_o this_o present_a emperor_n in_o 1654._o when_o the_o swede_n threaten_v poland_n on_o the_o other_o side_n both_o army_n be_v now_o in_o the_o field_n for_o neither_o of_o they_o value_v the_o weather_n but_o the_o russian_a will_v hardly_o put_v it_o to_o a_o decision_n by_o battle_n keep_v himself_o encamp_v unless_o upon_o great_a advantage_n but_o they_o be_v now_o upon_o treaty_n the_o pole_n be_v otherwise_o at_o perfect_a peace_n with_o all_o his_o neighbour_n have_v the_o tartar_n and_o cossack_n very_o various_a of_o adhaerence_n to_o his_o assistance_n in_o this_o war_n and_o he_o be_v pretty_a well_o assure_v at_o home_n the_o nobility_n have_v so_o sore_o smart_v for_o their_o pride_n and_o dissension_n by_o the_o swede_n and_o the_o late_a army_n of_o the_o confaederates_n notwithstanding_o the_o grudge_n thereof_o be_v whole_o disband_v but_o this_o course_n be_v take_v to_o vent_v the_o humour_n abroad_o but_o he_o do_v ill_o requite_v the_o house_n of_o austria_n who_o undertake_v his_o assistance_n in_o 1657._o when_o the_o emperor_n send_v a_o army_n of_o 16000_o man_n into_o poland_n in_o deny_v any_o aid_n or_o supply_v or_o to_o concern_v himself_o in_o the_o quarrel_n against_o the_o turk_n from_o the_o constant_a precedent_n and_o policy_n of_o the_o former_a king_n who_o lie_v so_o obnoxious_a to_o the_o tartar_n always_o ready_a at_o the_o beck_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n may_v endanger_v their_o own_o estate_n there_o be_v something_o to_o this_o purpose_n a_o memorable_a say_v of_o king_n stephen_n to_o the_o emperor_n ambassador_n let_v i_o see_v the_o prince_n of_o christendom_n at_o peace_n and_o unity_n and_o i_o will_v not_o be_v backward_o in_o appear_v against_o the_o common_a enemy_n this_o kingdom_n have_v indeed_o suffer_v much_o by_o the_o turk_n as_o confine_v upon_o his_o dominion_n but_o how_o he_o will_v save_v his_o stake_n when_o he_o come_v to_o be_v his_o near_a and_o more_o potent_a neighbour_n by_o his_o design_a conquest_n of_o hungary_n time_n must_v determine_v at_o present_a he_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o meddle_v or_o make_v with_o the_o barbarous_a enemy_n but_o await_v the_o issue_n and_o keep_v his_o league_n with_o they_o due_o and_o inviolable_o this_o casimir_n the_o 5_o succeed_v his_o elder_a brother_n uladislaus_n the_o seven_o after_o who_o death_n the_o kingdom_n be_v dangerous_o afflict_v with_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o by_o the_o mutinous_a and_o rebellious_a cossack_n who_o border_v eastward_o upon_o lithuania_n and_o podolia_n be_v part_n of_o the_o cireassians_n but_o christianize_v according_a to_o the_o greek_a profession_n of_o which_o there_o be_v several_a bishop_n in_o poland_n have_v for_o some_o age_n since_o submit_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n but_o upon_o all_o occasion_n be_v ready_a to_o revolt_v and_o to_o side_n with_o the_o tartar_n russian_a or_o any_o other_o people_n for_o their_o advantage_n as_o live_v chief_o upon_o spoil_n be_v a_o murderous_a and_o wild_a people_n nor_o will_v the_o mischief_n cause_v by_o chimelinsky_n their_o general_n in_o the_o year_n 50_o 1_o 2_o 3._o be_v easy_o forget_v the_o wife_n of_o this_o casimir_n former_o a_o ecclesiastic_a and_o of_o the_o order_n of_o jesuit_n in_o his_o brother_n reign_n be_v a_o daughter_n of_o the_o house_n of_o mantua_n and_o nevers_n unto_o which_o family_n the_o duke_n of_o enguien_v be_v marry_v which_o will_v have_v a_o great_a influence_n upon_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n the_o revenue_n of_o this_o king_n be_v compute_v at_o 600000._o crown_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la arise_v chief_o out_o of_o salt_n and_o some_o mine_n of_o silver_n which_o the_o king_n dispose_v either_o by_o make_v portion_n for_o his_o son_n or_o kindred_n for_o as_o to_o his_o daughter_n they_o be_v marry_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o war_n neither_o stand_v he_o in_o a_o farthing_n of_o his_o own_o treasure_n for_o the_o expense_n thereof_o be_v levy_v upon_o the_o people_n by_o excise_n or_o tax_n as_o his_o court_n expense_n be_v bear_v by_o the_o respective_a place_n of_o his_o residence_n all_o the_o province_n partake_v alike_o of_o the_o same_o privilege_n and_o honour_n with_o poland_n especial_o so_o call_v which_o
greece_n those_o people_n be_v willing_a to_o embrace_v a_o christian_a defender_n against_o that_o unsupportable_a slavery_n which_o they_o suffer_v from_o the_o turk_n but_o he_o consider_v his_o father_n ill_a success_n in_o africa_n though_o ascribable_a more_o to_o tempest_n than_o to_o any_o other_o cause_n will_v never_o cast_v his_o eye_n upon_o that_o enterprise_n be_v bend_v upon_o far_o worse_o to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o christendom_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v he_o be_v the_o only_a prince_n that_o be_v able_a to_o give_v he_o a_o potent_a diversion_n be_v not_o his_o fleet_n otherwise_o employ_v but_o withal_o this_o king_n at_o present_a be_v so_o exhaust_v that_o he_o be_v not_o in_o a_o capacity_n to_o undertake_v such_o a_o expedition_n without_o the_o assistance_n of_o other_o christian_a prince_n which_o the_o venetian_n have_v a_o long_a while_n in_o vain_a implore_v and_o he_o can_v hope_v to_o expect_v it_o till_o the_o danger_n be_v more_o eminent_a and_o then_o he_o will_v find_v way_n to_o defend_v himself_o this_o may_v be_v certain_o conclude_v on_o he_o will_v do_v what_o in_o he_o lie_v to_o keep_v the_o turk_n from_o swallow_v the_o haereditary_a country_n of_o the_o emperor_n in_o which_o he_o have_v a_o expectation_n and_o reversion_n and_o will_v spare_v he_o such_o supply_n however_o he_o pinch_v for_o it_o as_o shall_v testify_v his_o zeal_n affection_n and_o care_n for_o the_o imperial_a family_n and_o so_o have_v finish_v this_o survey_n of_o spain_n we_o will_v next_o take_v a_o short_a view_n of_o portugal_n portugal_n into_o this_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n be_v reckon_v as_o in_o spain_n two_o other_o kingdom_n so_o teem_a be_v these_o little_a sovereignty_n of_o other_o principality_n namely_o the_o kingdom_n of_o algarve_n and_o that_o of_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o azore_n or_o the_o terceras_n portugal_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o two_o river_n which_o part_v it_o from_o gallicia_n on_o the_o south_n 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emanuel_n king_n of_o portugal_n but_o immediate_a survive_a heir_n to_o henry_n her_o brother_n three_o son_n of_o emanuel_n cardinal_n and_o king_n of_o portugal_n be_v judge_v lose_v when_o the_o crown_n come_v into_o his_o father_n possession_n for_o that_o his_o ancestor_n have_v marry_v katherine_n the_o daughter_n of_o prince_n edward_n four_o son_n of_o emanuel_n who_o die_v indeed_o before_o his_o brother_n the_o cardinal_n king_n henry_n it_o be_v true_a the_o prince_n of_o parma_n have_v marry_v mary_n her_o elder_a sister_n but_o against_o that_o the_o civilian_n allege_v that_o the_o crown_n by_o a_o peculiar_a law_n of_o that_o kingdom_n pass_v in_o such_o case_n to_o such_o heir_n as_o be_v native_n of_o the_o realm_n however_o the_o title_n be_v the_o people_n be_v resolve_v the_o house_n of_o braganza_n shall_v have_v the_o crown_n which_o be_v wonderful_o accomplish_v in_o 1640._o and_o of_o which_o we_o will_v discourse_v no_o further_o this_o crown_n have_v have_v wonderful_a success_n both_o in_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n where_o they_o have_v wrest_v brasile_a from_o the_o hollander_n and_o at_o home_o also_o for_o though_o they_o be_v but_o a_o handful_n of_o people_n yet_o by_o immure_v themselves_o in_o such_o strong_a place_n as_o they_o take_v by_o ship_n and_o naval_a sieges_n from_o the_o indian_n and_o venture_v in_o all_o weather_n to_o relieve_v one_o another_o to_o the_o disappointment_n of_o their_o enemy_n who_o think_v by_o sieges_n at_o land_n to_o recover_v the_o place_n they_o have_v lose_v by_o the_o opportunity_n of_o such_o tempestuous_a season_n they_o have_v fix_v themselves_o so_o in_o those_o indies_n that_o they_o command_v a_o great_a part_n thereof_o and_o the_o best_a also_o till_o by_o our_o assistance_n some_o forty_o year_n ago_o the_o persian_a recover_v ormus_n the_o note_a place_n of_o trade_n then_o in_o the_o east_n and_o in_o defence_n whereof_o they_o defeat_v two_o navy_n of_o the_o turk_n who_o have_v his_o city_n and_o port_n of_o aden_n in_o the_o same_o sea_n but_o now_o the_o turk_n and_o they_o have_v do_v and_o the_o persian_a be_v in_o their_o room_n at_o home_o he_o be_v engage_v against_o the_o spaniard_n but_o the_o war_n have_v prove_v so_o fortunate_a to_o he_o that_o he_o have_v rather_o get_v than_o lose_v by_o it_o however_o it_o be_v hope_v it_o will_v be_v compose_v by_o a_o peace_n although_o there_o be_v several_a interest_n which_o do_v withhold_v it_o all_o they_o can_v the_o french_a desert_v they_o by_o the_o late_a general_a treaty_n but_o it_o be_v conceive_v they_o will_v stick_v as_o close_v to_o they_o now_o the_o dutch_a do_v no_o way_n care_n that_o the_o portugall_n shall_v have_v peace_n at_o home_n for_o their_o finger_n itch_n at_o brasile_n and_o they_o have_v be_v long_o quarrel_v about_o it_o for_o damage_n but_o they_o be_v in_o fear_n of_o second_o beside_o that_o they_o be_v now_o in_o prosecution_n of_o a_o war_n in_o the_o 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he_o the_o force_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v not_o very_o great_a the_o commander_n find_v much_o ado_n to_o bring_v 20000._o effectif_a man_n into_o the_o field_n against_o the_o spaniard_n nor_o be_v those_o well_o provide_v or_o harness_v but_o such_o have_v be_v their_o resolution_n and_o animosity_n against_o their_o old_a enemy_n the_o castilian_n that_o they_o have_v general_o carry_v away_o the_o victory_n and_o what_o wing_n we_o have_v add_v to_o she_o fame_n have_v already_o tell_v the_o world_n as_o the_o force_n but_o the_o fortune_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v little_a considerable_a so_o be_v the_o revenue_n save_v that_o the_o patrimony_n of_o this_o prince_n be_v of_o great_a value_n and_o yearly_a intrado_n for_o as_o duke_z of_o braganza_n he_o possess_v more_o than_o one_o three_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o there_o be_v a_o little_a belong_v to_o the_o crown_n the_o rest_n of_o his_o revenue_n come_v by_o his_o custom_n with_o this_o he_o maintain_v several_a storehouse_n all_o along_o the_o country_n a_o day_n march_v common_o from_o one_o another_o for_o the_o subsistence_n of_o the_o march_v army_n and_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o sick_a or_o travel_a soldier_n with_o pass_n as_o he_o do_v ship_n of_o war_n for_o security_n of_o his_o trade_n that_o of_o sugar_n bring_v he_o in_o exceed_v great_a profit_n as_o to_o the_o turk_n he_o have_v no_o leisure_n to_o look_v towards_o he_o nor_o be_v he_o accommodate_v with_o ship_n or_o naval_a apparel_n to_o engage_v he_o his_o navy_n consist_v chief_o of_o great_a and_o slow_a galleon_n build_v for_o burden_n and_o defence_n and_o against_o swell_a sea_n and_o for_o other_o coast_n and_o the_o great_a deep_a ocean_n so_o that_o they_o will_v soon_o perish_v in_o the_o wind_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o therefore_o we_o can_v consider_v he_o as_o any_o help_n against_o
holland_n business_n about_o the_o eyler_n sconce_n nor_o will_v the_o count_n of_o oldenburg_n be_v suffer_v to_o be_v at_o quiet_a if_o it_o come_v once_o to_o arm_n and_o party_n however_o their_o interest_n be_v to_o live_v at_o peace_n and_o good_a correspondence_n with_o their_o neighbour_n the_o best_a security_n to_o small_a estate_n but_o there_o be_v some_o old_a grudge_n which_o this_o juncture_n will_v give_v vent_n to_o and_o so_o we_o leave_v they_o and_o pass_v to_o westphalia_n this_o country_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o duchy_n of_o holstein_n westphalia_n 2._o westphalia_n and_o the_o river_n elb_n on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n with_o hassia_n etc._n etc._n and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o colen_n cleveland_n overryssel_n and_o the_o two_o freisland_n the_o country_n be_v in_o most_o place_n full_a of_o wood_n which_o bear_v plenty_n of_o acorn_n and_o nourish_v many_o herd_n of_o swine_n which_o make_v bacon_n of_o excellent_a relish_n and_o tenderness_n and_o in_o other_o place_n as_o plentiful_a of_o corn._n in_o this_o province_n stand_v the_o city_n and_o bishopric_n of_o munster_n infamous_a for_o the_o story_n of_o john_n of_o leyden_n and_o as_o famous_a for_o the_o late_a treaty_n and_o general_a pacification_n in_o 1648._o since_o which_o time_n this_o city_n have_v have_v some_o dispute_n with_o their_o bishop_n but_o now_o compose_v to_o a_o good_a understanding_n by_o the_o powerful_a interest_n of_o the_o hollander_n who_o espouse_v the_o city_n quarrel_n 2._o minden_n once_o a_o bishopric_n now_o settle_v upon_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n with_o the_o title_n of_o prince_n in_o lieu_n of_o what_o the_o swede_n have_v of_o his_o by_o the_o same_o treaty_n he_o have_v likewise_o here_o a_o secular_a town_n and_o county_n of_o ravensberg_n in_o right_a of_o his_o part-inheritance_n in_o the_o duchy_n of_o cleve_n here_o be_v also_o the_o bishopric_n of_o osnal_v the_o alternate_a succession_n to_o the_o profit_n whereof_o be_v give_v by_o the_o munster_n treaty_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o brunswick_n for_o his_o session_n of_o his_o bishopric_n of_o halberstadt_n not_o to_o omit_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o aremberg_n with_o the_o ample_a and_o goodly_a patrimony_n thereof_o which_o give_v title_n to_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o count_n of_o aremberg_n eminent_a for_o their_o service_n do_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n in_o the_o low_a country_n where_o as_o his_o subject_n they_o have_v other_o estate_n last_o the_o bishopric_n of_o bremen_n which_o be_v the_o second_o division_n of_o westphalia_n former_o govern_v by_o its_o own_o diocesan_n but_o of_o modern_a time_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n son_n enjoy_v the_o title_n with_o the_o protection_n of_o it_o till_o by_o the_o late_a treaty_n at_o munster_n it_o be_v assign_v together_o with_o the_o bishopric_n of_o verde_n to_o the_o swede_n with_o condition_n that_o the_o city_n and_o territory_n shall_v enjoy_v their_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o liberty_n who_o with_o much_o ado_n have_v possession_n deliver_v to_o his_o general_n count_n coningsmarck_n it_o be_v a_o rich_a and_o fair_a city_n and_o much_o traffic_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o situation_n upon_o the_o weser_n which_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o elb_n and_o so_o joint_o into_o the_o german_a ocean_n in_o this_o bishopric_n stand_v the_o city_n of_o stoad_n famous_a once_o and_o make_v for_o ever_o by_o the_o english_a staple_n upon_o some_o discontent_n remove_v some_o time_n ago_o hither_o from_o hamburgh_n there_o be_v other_o petty_a state_n and_o earldom_n herein_o which_o together_o with_o the_o rest_n acknowledge_v the_o emperor_n but_o it_o be_v more_o in_o show_n than_o effect_n although_o they_o be_v scare_v to_o some_o real_a performance_n by_o the_o emperor_n success_n in_o these_o part_n in_o 1627._o when_o he_o overcome_v the_o dane_n the_o title_n hereof_o as_o ducal_z be_v use_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o colen_n and_o the_o house_n of_o saxon_n lunenburg_n but_o with_o the_o same_o profit_v thence_o as_o the_o emperor_n receive_v notwithstanding_o in_o this_o press_a condition_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o in_o all_o general_a tax_n they_o pay_v their_o proportion_n as_o a_o circuit_n of_o the_o empire_n so_o we_o pass_v westward_o to_o another_o border_n of_o the_o empire_n cleve_n 3._o cleve_n viz._n the_o duchy_n of_o cleveland_n consist_v while_o it_o be_v the_o entire_a patrimony_n of_o those_o duke_n of_o four_o member_n 1._o cleve_n 2._o gulick_n 3._o berg_n or_o mont_n 4._o marck_n the_o two_o last_o divide_v from_o the_o other_o by_o the_o rhine_n and_o several_o join_v some_o two_o century_n ago_o to_o one_o another_o in_o the_o family_n of_o cleve_n the_o last_o duke_n whereof_o john_n william_n die_v in_o 1610._o without_o issue_n this_o ample_a and_o princely_a estate_n the_o main_a whereof_o have_v continue_v 900._o year_n in_o this_o family_n come_v to_o be_v divide_v after_o mature_a consideration_n of_o the_o evil_a of_o a_o war_n equal_o between_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o wolfgang_n duke_n of_o newburg_n a_o young_a descendant_n of_o the_o house_n palatine_n who_o father_n have_v marry_v the_o sister_n of_o the_o decease_a duke_n but_o brandenburg_n the_o elder_a it_o be_v first_o agree_v between_o these_o two_o prince_n to_o govern_v the_o estate_n joint_o but_o afterward_o they_o fall_v out_o by_o be_v too_o familiar_a insomuch_o that_o the_o brandenburger_n at_o a_o treatment_n make_v by_o he_o give_v the_o other_o a_o box_n of_o the_o ear_n which_o unseemly_a injury_n cause_v the_o palatine_a of_o newburg_n to_o call_v in_o the_o spaniard_n and_o the_o other_o the_o state_n general_n of_o which_o story_n read_v more_o in_o the_o duke_n of_o rohans_n observation_n upon_o this_o subject_n both_o the_o partition_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o the_o proportionable_a supply_n adjoin_v to_o this_o country_n be_v the_o three_o electoral_a archbishoprics_a colen_n 4._o colen_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v that_o of_o colen_n a_o fair_a and_o goodly_a country_n bound_v every_o way_n upon_o some_o part_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o cleve_n but_o on_o the_o south_n limit_v by_o the_o land_n of_o trier_n the_o present_a elector_n be_v the_o uncle_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n and_o considerable_a in_o his_o interest_n as_o to_o the_o catholic_n cause_n be_v also_o prince_n and_o pastor_n of_o the_o city_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o liege_n the_o government_n whereof_o reside_v in_o he_o and_o the_o canon_n of_o that_o cathedral_n who_o by_o right_o elect_v their_o prince_n or_o protector_n as_o aforesaid_a this_o archbishop_n be_v chancellor_n of_o italy_n and_o second_o in_o dignity_n to_o this_o succeed_v the_o archbishopric_a of_o trier_n trier_n trier_n who_o bishop_n be_v the_o chancellor_n of_o france_n for_o the_o emperor_n this_o country_n lie_v all_o along_o south_n the_o moselle_n on_o the_o east_n lie_v luxemburg_n on_o the_o west_n franconia_n it_o be_v a_o pleasant_a but_o not_o a_o fruitful_a country_n the_o archbishop_n of_o mentz_n mentz_n mentz_n although_o last_o mention_v be_v first_o in_o dignity_n as_o be_v chancellor_n of_o the_o sacred_a empire_n his_o jurisdiction_n like_o some_o of_o our_o diocese_n lie_v disperse_v in_o several_a country_n so_o that_o his_o temporal_a estate_n be_v a_o great_a deal_n less_o than_o the_o other_o two_o nor_o have_v any_o of_o they_o enjoy_v such_o secular_a advantage_n of_o dominion_n have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o that_o the_o empire_n be_v make_v elective_a and_o they_o set_v their_o price_n often_o upon_o the_o market_n beside_o there_o have_v happen_v a_o dissolution_n of_o many_o great_a estate_n out_o of_o which_o they_o have_v carve_v to_o themselves_o what_o they_o like_v with_o the_o connivance_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o under_o the_o specious_a pretence_n of_o deedand_n and_o bequest_n to_o the_o church_n the_o interest_n of_o these_o elector_n be_v to_o defend_v the_o papal_a imperial_a and_o their_o own_o authority_n of_o which_o they_o be_v equal_o jealous_a from_o the_o reform_a notwithstanding_o the_o archbishop_n of_o trier_n take_v part_n or_o be_v a_o secret_a friend_n to_o france_n in_o the_o late_a swedish_n war_n which_o make_v the_o french_a so_o hot_a upon_o the_o rescue_n of_o his_o country_n and_o so_o resolute_a in_o the_o free_n of_o it_o but_o in_o case_n of_o danger_n to_o the_o empire_n no_o question_n be_v to_o be_v make_v but_o they_o will_v unanimous_o concur_v against_o it_o and_o with_o themselves_o they_o draw_v all_o the_o ecclesiastical_a state_n of_o germany_n and_o be_v prone_a enough_o to_o assist_v the_o emperor_n against_o the_o turk_n the_o next_o principality_n or_o duchy_n we_o shall_v treat_v of_o be_v lorraine_n lorraine_n 5._o lorraine_n the_o duke_n whereof_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o country_n
name_v st._n john_n and_o st._n mark_n 4._o cracovia_n in_o lesser_n poland_n once_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n a_o wealthy_a and_o well-peopled_n city_n site_v likewise_o upon_o the_o weysel_n in_o it_o be_v remarkable_a a_o academy_n of_o great_a renown_n found_v by_o king_n casimir_n the_o first_o and_o supply_v at_o first_o with_o professor_n from_o the_o sorbonne_n of_o paris_n 2._o the_o castle_n build_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n of_o a_o great_a compass_n and_o of_o great_a state_n and_o magnificence_n although_o outward_o it_o appear_v rough_a and_o disproportion_v the_o cathedral_n be_v enclose_v within_o it_o this_o city_n by_o way_n of_o excellence_n be_v call_v the_o rome_n of_o poland_n and_o its_o university_n the_o daughter_n of_o that_o at_o paris_n the_o city_n of_o casimir_n be_v build_v on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o water_n and_o will_v hardly_o forget_v the_o swedish_n arms._n the_o jew_n city_n which_o be_v neighbour_n to_o it_o may_v for_o honour_n sake_n be_v call_v the_o principal_a and_o first_o street_n of_o hell_n it_o be_v so_o filthy_a etc._n etc._n not_o to_o mention_v vilna_n in_o lithuania_n and_o koningburgh_n in_o prussia_n both_o university_n dantzick_n and_o cracow_n make_v up_o four_o in_o this_o kingdom_n as_o for_o the_o other_o town_n as_o grandentz_n newamburg_n culmen_fw-la and_o the_o like_a they_o be_v mere_a name_n of_o city_n and_o nothing_o else_o pauperum_fw-la tabernae_n quatuor_fw-la aut_fw-la septem_fw-la si_fw-la sit_fw-la latissima_fw-la villa_n seven_o or_o eight_o house_n make_v a_o large_a town_n as_o to_o the_o people_n and_o their_o manner_n the_o gentleman_n be_v extraordinary_a large_a and_o strong_a of_o body_n and_o will_v skilful_o manage_v a_o shabel_n or_o scymiter_n be_v well_o skilled_a in_o foreign_a language_n be_v liberal_a giver_n good_a cavalier_n and_o good_a catholic_n on_o the_o contrary_a and_o the_o reverse_n of_o the_o medal_n they_o be_v much_o brutal_n superstitious_a fierce_a and_o proud_a and_o sacrifice_n to_o their_o own_o approbation_n of_o thing_n and_o acknowledge_v no_o sovereign_n but_o their_o liberty_n from_o whence_o have_v proceed_v those_o mischief_n which_o they_o have_v often_o suffer_v more_o mediate_o from_o the_o tartar_n and_o muscovite_n and_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o late_a king_n of_o sweden_n bring_v they_o to_o the_o utmost_a degree_n of_o extremity_n follow_v with_o no_o more_o than_o 40._o thousand_o man_n when_o as_o the_o pole_n be_v able_a to_o bring_v a_o 100000._o horse_n into_o the_o field_n this_o happen_v by_o that_o small_a power_n and_o authority_n which_o be_v allow_v the_o king_n and_o that_o little_a good_a intelligence_n that_o be_v maintain_v between_o their_o general_n and_o the_o division_n and_o revolt_n of_o their_o troop_n a_o apprentice_n a_o novice_n will_v be_v think_v a_o master_n and_o a_o simple_a gentleman_n who_o never_o see_v a_o battle_n prerogative_n the_o king_n of_o poland_n chief_a prerogative_n but_o in_o picture_n will_v not_o want_v of_o confidence_n and_o presumption_n to_o believe_v of_o himself_o because_o he_o be_v bear_v a_o gentleman_n that_o he_o be_v able_a at_o the_o first_o essay_n to_o manage_v and_o conduct_v the_o force_n of_o a_o empire_n and_o in_o effect_n private_a gentleman_n be_v so_o frequent_o raise_v to_o place_n of_o the_o great_a office_n and_o command_n which_o be_v the_o fair_a flower_n of_o this_o king_n prerogative_n and_o be_v legal_o vest_v in_o he_o as_o the_o fountain_n of_o honour_n that_o every_o man_n think_v himself_o of_o merit_n and_o capacity_n enough_o for_o the_o great_a employment_n beside_o they_o hold_v themselves_o all_o equal_a in_o blood_n and_o have_v the_o same_o voice_n in_o their_o diet_n and_o assembly_n the_o same_o privilege_n right_n and_o franchise_n their_o riches_n only_o distinguish_v they_o one_o from_o the_o other_o these_o gentleman_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n which_o they_o do_v general_o on_o horseback_n gallant_o furnish_v and_o attire_v in_o cassock_n and_o garnish_v with_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o variety_n of_o other_o colour_n they_o also_o adorn_v themselves_o with_o eagle_n plume_n the_o skin_n of_o leopard_n and_o bear_n with_o many_o banner_n and_o particoloured_a ensign_n which_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o ordinary_a sort_n and_o strike_v terror_n but_o sometime_o covetous_a desire_n into_o their_o enemy_n and_o most_o a_o end_n they_o carry_v like_o the_o philosopher_n all_o they_o have_v about_o they_o it_o be_v reckon_v that_o poland_n after_o this_o manner_n can_v raise_v a_o 100_o lithuania_n 70._o thousand_o horse_n but_o not_o so_o good_a as_o the_o pole_n who_o best_o be_v very_o small_a yet_o nimble_a and_o far_o more_o courageous_a than_o the_o dutch._n in_o this_o cavalry_n consist_v of_o gentleman_n and_o their_o servant_n with_o their_o auxiliary_n as_o the_o circassion_n the_o cossack_n they_o be_v so_o confident_a that_o they_o slight_v all_o fortification_n unless_o frontier_n and_o for_o the_o country_n be_v all_o champion_n be_v most_o and_o only_o fit_a for_o that_o service_n the_o foot_n they_o have_v be_v borrow_v of_o the_o hungarian_n and_o german_n and_o for_o camp_n drudgery_n as_o pioner_n etc._n etc._n they_o use_v tartar_n their_o slave_n of_o priest_n there_o be_v great_a store_n in_o this_o country_n and_o they_o hold_v in_o good_a esteem_n and_o veneration_n of_o merchant_n there_o be_v very_o few_o scarce_o worth_a mention_v but_o of_o all_o man_n the_o boor_n and_o peasant_n be_v the_o most_o miserable_a for_o they_o possess_v nor_o enjoy_v a_o farthing_n and_o be_v mere_a vassal_n to_o their_o lord_n which_o treat_v and_o use_v they_o with_o all_o the_o rigour_n and_o tyranny_n in_o the_o world_n a_o gentleman_n in_o a_o slight_a matter_n among_o his_o domestics_n and_o clown_n have_v and_o do_v exercise_v the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n the_o government_n represent_v rather_o a_o aristocracy_n than_o a_o monarchy_n and_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o medium_n betwixt_o both_o or_o both_o together_o it_o be_v monarchical_a in_o that_o it_o acknowledge_v one_o supremacy_n and_o king_n it_o be_v aristocratical_a because_o the_o king_n be_v not_o a_o absolute_a prince_n to_o do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o because_o the_o nobility_n who_o have_v also_o the_o great_a authority_n in_o the_o diet_n do_v elect_a he_o they_o have_v neither_o law_n nor_o statute_n nor_o form_n of_o government_n write_v but_o it_o be_v all_o by_o tradition_n as_o by_o mere_a custom_n from_o the_o death_n of_o one_o prince_n to_o the_o election_n of_o another_o the_o supreme_a authority_n reside_v in_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gesne_n who_o be_v always_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n appoint_v the_o diet_n rule_v the_o senate_n and_o proclaim_v the_o new_a elect_v king_n before_o king_n stephen_n time_n who_o erect_v new_a bishop_n palatine_n and_o castellanes_n in_o livonia_n there_o be_v but_o 14._o bishop_n 28._o palatine_n and_o 70._o of_o the_o chief_a castellane_n that_o have_v voice_n in_o the_o election_n of_o a_o king_n who_o be_v rector_n senatus_n sed_fw-la regnantis_fw-la ruler_n of_o a_o reign_a senate_n whereby_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o comport_v with_o they_o in_o these_o thing_n follow_v in_o any_o affair_n of_o importance_n the_o king_n by_o his_o chancellor_n send_v letter_n to_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n and_o palatine_n which_o be_v call_v instruction_n be_v literae_fw-la letter_n of_o instruction_n because_o they_o contain_v the_o account_n of_o that_o business_n which_o his_o majesty_n will_v propose_v to_o they_o at_o the_o diet_n and_o therein_o appoint_v they_o the_o time_n of_o their_o meeting_n these_o letter_n be_v receive_v every_o senator_n examine_v the_o particular_a quality_n nature_n and_o consequence_n of_o the_o proposition_n to_o which_o he_o have_v free_a liberty_n to_o answer_v negative_o or_o affirmative_o and_o as_o he_o judge_v best_o either_o for_o the_o public_a good_a or_o his_o particular_a advantage_n the_o king_n also_o send_v his_o letter_n to_o the_o respective_a palatinate_n the_o nobility_n whereof_o present_o assemble_v together_o to_o choose_v a_o nuncio_n as_o they_o call_v it_o that_o be_v a_o person_n of_o merit_n and_o sufficiency_n to_o be_v their_o speaker_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o palatinate_n be_v to_o bring_v thing_n to_o a_o universal_a consent_n and_o accommodation_n for_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v that_o any_o single_a gentleman_n shall_v dissent_v from_o what_o this_o assembly_n have_v conclude_v there_o be_v no_o further_o proceed_v to_o be_v have_v the_o nuncio_n must_v not_o depart_v to_o the_o diet_n nor_o that_o province_n have_v any_o voice_n or_o interest_n among_o the_o state_n general_n when_o the_o provincial_a assembly_n be_v finish_v by_o the_o time_n appoint_v by_o the_o king_n majesty_n the_o senator_n and_o the_o nunioes_n come_v
this_o dukedom_n yet_o the_o first_o in_o europe_n for_o dignity_n be_v piecemeal_v by_o the_o venetian_n the_o florentine_a mantuan_a and_o other_o while_o it_o be_v in_o contest_v and_o embroil_v by_o pretender_n it_o be_v the_o garden_n of_o italy_n and_o for_o the_o delight_n and_o pleasure_n thereof_o so_o strive_v for_o by_o france_n and_o spain_n in_o who_o possession_n it_o now_o be_v it_o be_v revenue_n be_v compute_v worth_n 300._o thousand_o pound_n a_o year_n but_o that_o never_o serve_v to_o defray_v the_o expense_n of_o the_o government_n during_o the_o war_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o number_n of_o garrison_n that_o be_v constant_o maintain_v but_o since_o the_o peace_n it_o yield_v some_o advantage_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o spain_n as_o to_o the_o war_n in_o hungary_n this_o province_n be_v the_o ready_a way_n for_o the_o force_n of_o spain_n to_o march_v for_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o instead_o thereof_o such_o force_n as_o can_v be_v make_v ready_a be_v bend_v the_o other_o way_n to_o the_o sea_n coast_n to_o be_v embark_v for_o the_o war_n in_o portugal_n so_o that_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n be_v main_o disappoint_v of_o their_o great_a support_n in_o a_o very_a fatal_a juncture_n and_o so_o much_o for_o milan_n mantua_n it_o be_v bound_v and_o surround_v with_o milan_n on_o the_o west_n romandiola_n the_o marca_n and_o parma_n seize_v from_o a_o tyrannical_a lord_n thereof_o by_o lewis_n de_fw-fr gonzaga_n in_o a_o tumult_n at_o mantua_n and_o confer_v upon_o he_o afterward_o by_o the_o emperor_n and_o in_o his_o family_n this_o dignity_n continue_v the_o spantard_n and_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n the_o second_o make_v opposition_n and_o will_v not_o admit_v of_o the_o duke_n of_o nevers_n of_o france_n the_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o decease_a duke_n but_o lewis_n the_o 13_o although_o engage_v in_o the_o rochel_n business_n by_o a_o army_n send_v into_o italy_n relieve_v casal_n distress_v by_o the_o spaniard_n who_o have_v spoil_v mantua_n and_o state_v the_o duke_n in_o quiet_a possession_n which_o brave_a and_o admire_a enterprise_n be_v worthy_o reckon_v as_o one_o of_o the_o great_a action_n of_o that_o king_n the_o territory_n of_o this_o duke_n be_v very_o large_a but_o his_o revenue_n not_o so_o great_a as_o amount_v to_o 230._o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a he_o be_v the_o next_o prince_n in_o dominion_n to_o the_o florentine_a but_o more_o easy_a to_o his_o subject_n for_o he_o may_v improve_v his_o exchequer_n by_o impost_n but_o either_o the_o danger_n or_o the_o uncustomariness_n of_o the_o thing_n make_v he_o forbear_v it_o beside_o he_o have_v no_o trade_n nor_o seaport_n as_o the_o tuscan_a duke_n be_v altogether_o inland_n but_o with_o this_o intrado_n he_o live_v like_o a_o prince_n indeed_o though_o like_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n they_o have_v scarce_o a_o foot_n of_o land_n of_o their_o own_o as_o to_o the_o turkish_a war_n the_o prince_n of_o this_o territory_n be_v far_o ready_a as_o be_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o feudatories_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o assist_v the_o german_n than_o now_o they_o be_v for_o william_n one_o of_o those_o duke_n in_o person_n with_o 2000_o foot_n and_o 500_o horse_n assist_v the_o emperor_n maximilian_n the_o second_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o duke_n of_o florence_n send_v 3000._o foot_n the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n 600._o cuirassieer_n the_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n in_o person_n lead_v 1500._o horseman_n and_o henry_n of_o lorraine_n duke_n of_o guise_n command_v 300._o gentleman_n the_o commonwealth_n of_o genoa_n and_o lucca_n assist_v he_o with_o money_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v the_o year_n 1566._o and_o when_o solyman_n take_v zige_v several_a english_a gentleman_n serve_v as_o volunteer_n for_o who_o family_n honour_v i_o will_v particularize_v some_o of_o their_o name_n as_o mr._n greenvile_n mr._n champernoon_n mr._n cotton_n mr._n pudshall_n mr._n smith_n captain_z george_z a_o eminent_a and_o skilful_a commander_n but_o all_o these_o italian_a aide_n be_v now_o quite_o disappear_v and_o they_o think_v themselves_o scarce_o secure_a with_o what_o force_n they_o can_v make_v for_o their_o own_o defence_n such_o be_v the_o jealousy_n now_o in_o italy_n this_o duke_n be_v very_o well_o affect_v to_o the_o imperial_a house_n as_o be_v near_o ally_v to_o it_o but_z except_o some_o money_n it_o be_v suppose_v he_o will_v not_o supply_v he_o with_o any_o thing_n else_o unless_o if_o such_o be_v the_o ill_a fate_n of_o the_o empire_n thing_n come_v to_o extremity_n he_o have_v no_o pique_n or_o feud_n any_o where_o but_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o very_o great_a esteem_n and_o reputation_n and_o alliance_v with_o the_o best_a family_n in_o europe_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v less_o in_o demesn_a and_o perhaps_o interest_n have_v late_o sell_v to_o the_o decease_a cardinal_n mazarine_n his_o duchy_n of_o nevers_n of_o which_o before_o in_o france_n montferrat_n this_o pleasant_a region_n be_v seat_v betwixt_o piedmont_n and_o milan_n and_o belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o mantua_n it_o be_v the_o best_a flower_n in_o his_o garden_n and_o yield_v he_o more_o profit_n it_o be_v moreover_o the_o best_a security_n of_o his_o estate_n for_o herein_o stand_v the_o famous_a casal_n the_o jealousy_n of_o the_o french_a and_o spaniard_n in_o former_a time_n this_o marquisate_n suffer_v much_o by_o several_a intruder_n but_o be_v final_o settle_v by_o the_o emperor_n with_o mantua_n upon_o the_o family_n of_o gonzaga_n with_o which_o it_o remain_v combine_v under_o the_o same_o law_n and_o privilege_n modena_n and_o reggio_n these_o 2._o little_a dutchy_n be_v situate_a in_o that_o great_a and_o fertile_a territory_n once_o call_v lombardy_n as_o be_v all_o these_o we_o have_v mention_v hitherto_o and_o be_v assign_v by_o clement_n the_o 8_o to_o caesar_n de_fw-fr este_fw-fr the_o grandson_n by_o a_o bastard_n to_o alphonso_v the_o last_o duke_n of_o ferrara_n in_o lieu_n of_o his_o claim_n or_o pretence_n to_o that_o duchy_n the_o pope_n with_o a_o army_n of_o 20000._o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n persuade_v the_o duke_n to_o accept_v of_o these_o condition_n of_o the_o exchange_n with_o this_o clause_n also_o that_o he_o shall_v acknowledge_v the_o pope_n as_o his_o supreme_a lord_n and_o therewithal_o he_o seize_v the_o say_a duchy_n and_o city_n of_o ferrara_n as_o a_o escheat_n to_o the_o church_n now_o although_o this_o be_v a_o small_a duchy_n yet_o be_v the_o duke_n of_o good_a renown_n especial_o the_o last_o who_o approve_v himself_o a_o excellent_a captain_n in_o the_o late_a war_n betwixt_o france_n and_o spain_n in_o italy_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o france_n which_o procure_v that_o match_n between_o the_o now_o duke_n alphonso_n and_o one_o of_o the_o cardinal_n belove_a niece_n and_o who_o he_o dowry_v well_o and_o have_v legacy_v she_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n by_o the_o late_a treaty_n between_o france_n and_o spain_n the_o spaniard_n be_v reconcile_v unto_o he_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o french_a king_n and_o both_o king_n joint_o be_v to_o use_v their_o endeavour_n and_o supplication_n with_o his_o holiness_n the_o pope_n for_o the_o restitution_n of_o the_o valley_n of_o comachio_n to_o he_o of_o which_o such_o often_o mention_n have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o public_a week_n book_n this_o comachio_n be_v a_o district_n of_o marish_a ground_n for_o the_o most_o part_n lie_v in_o the_o duchy_n of_o ferrara_n and_o be_v former_o the_o title_n of_o the_o house_n of_o este_n before_o they_o have_v that_o of_o ferrara_n give_v they_o by_o the_o emperor_n and_o be_v their_o proper_a demesne_fw-la estate_n and_o inheritance_n now_o when_o clement_n the_o 8._o possess_v himself_o of_o this_o duchy_n and_o agree_v by_o treaty_n that_o all_o land_n or_o what_o proper_o belong_v to_o the_o say_a family_n of_o este_n he_o notwithstanding_o seize_v upon_o this_o estate_n with_o the_o rest_n without_o any_o distinction_n and_o hereupon_o complaint_n have_v since_o be_v make_v to_o the_o apostolical_a chamber_n reinforce_v by_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o french_a king_n in_o which_o he_o have_v engage_v the_o spaniard_n and_o late_o make_v it_o a_o pique_n against_o his_o holiness_n this_o duke_n like_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n desire_v to_o be_v at_o peace_n and_o live_v in_o quiet_a nor_o to_o see_v no_o arm_n in_o italy_n now_o enjoy_v a_o serene_a tranquillity_n after_o a_o most_o tedious_a harass_a war_n he_o be_v fast_o in_o the_o embrace_n of_o his_o beautiful_a lady_n and_o will_v hardly_o arm_v himself_o like_o his_o predecessor_n in_o the_o emperor_n cause_n some_o supply_v he_o may_v chance_v to_o send_v he_o of_o money_n and_o do_v as_o his_o neighbour_n that_o be_v feif_n of_o the_o empire_n like_o himself_o and_o some_o money_n the_o emperor_n have_v
have_v already_o from_o some_o of_o the_o prince_n but_o he_o can_v be_v very_o liberal_a out_o of_o his_o revenue_n for_o it_o amount_v to_o but_o 40._o thousand_o pound_n a_o year_n sterling_a parma_n this_o dukedom_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o apennine_a north_n with_o milan_n east_n with_o modena_n west_n with_o montferrat_n pope_n paul_n the_o 3d._n of_o the_o family_n of_o the_o farnese_n give_v this_o duchy_n to_o his_o bastard_n son_n petro_n luigi_n and_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o and_o recompense_v to_o the_o church_n assign_v to_o it_o the_o duchy_n of_o camerone_n situate_v in_o the_o duchy_n of_o urbino_n but_o he_o prove_v a_o most_o vicious_a debauch_a person_n be_v assassinate_v and_o his_o son_n octavian_n force_v to_o guard_v himself_o in_o parma_n whither_o soon_o after_o come_v charles_n the_o 5_o in_o person_n and_o besiege_v he_o although_o he_o have_v marry_v his_o base_a daughter_n margaret_n afterward_o governess_n of_o the_o low_a country_n to_o the_o relief_n hereof_o come_v the_o french_a king_n and_o a_o 4._o year_n war_n ensue_v for_o charles_n be_v resolve_v to_o ruin_v his_o son_n in_o law_n but_o he_o resign_v philip_n the_o second_o to_o disoblige_v he_o from_o the_o french_a not_o only_o proffer_v he_o his_o friendship_n but_o give_v he_o the_o dukedom_n of_o placentia_n in_o milan_n although_o for_o the_o present_a he_o keep_v the_o citadel_n with_o a_o garrison_n of_o his_o own_o but_o afterward_o in_o recompense_n of_o the_o great_a service_n of_o alexander_n prince_n of_o parma_n in_o the_o low_a country_n he_o not_o only_o withdraw_v that_o garrison_n but_o add_v to_o his_o estate_n the_o territory_n of_o novara_n in_o italy_n this_o prince_n lay_v also_o claim_v to_o the_o duchy_n of_o camerone_n and_o much_o solicit_v the_o court_n of_o rome_n aid_v therein_o also_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o french_a king_n who_o continue_v to_o afflagitate_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o this_o day_n as_o a_o main_n concern_v of_o his_o own_o as_o in_o which_o he_o have_v so_o far_o engage_v himself_o and_o his_o honour_n and_o vogue_v it_o as_o a_o part_n of_o his_o quarrel_n that_o it_o be_v suppose_v he_o will_v not_o recede_v without_o something_o do_v in_o it_o in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o magnificent_a business_n at_o paris_n the_o duchy_n of_o parma_n itself_o be_v considerable_a for_o its_o revenue_n but_o the_o best_a part_n of_o it_o and_o more_o be_v expend_v upon_o garrison_n be_v surround_v on_o all_o hand_n with_o the_o estate_n of_o other_o prince_n not_o to_o mention_v other_o charge_n of_o the_o government_n he_o be_v a_o good_a willer_n to_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n as_o their_o ally_n and_o kinsman_n and_o will_v advance_v what_o he_o can_v but_o the_o narrowness_n of_o his_o fortune_n be_v a_o clog_n to_o his_o affection_n beside_o the_o petty_a prince_n of_o italy_n live_v to_o the_o height_n of_o their_o revenue_n to_o make_v themselves_o seem_v more_o considerable_a than_o they_o be_v and_o so_o we_o pass_v to_o the_o papal_a dominion_n or_o ecclesiastical_a state_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n it_o be_v disjoined_n west_n from_o naples_n south-west_n from_o florence_n northwest_n from_o venice_n and_o lie_v north_n and_o south_n cross_v from_o the_o adriatic_a to_o the_o tuscan_a sea_n broad_a 100_o long_a 300._o miles_n a_o fair_a advantage_n and_o opportunity_n to_o the_o lord_n thereof_o either_o for_o enlargement_n of_o empire_n or_o increase_v and_o improvement_n of_o trade_n but_o the_o pope_n be_v not_o much_o for_o force_v since_o they_o can_v effect_v more_o by_o fraud_n and_o the_o roman_n retain_v the_o humour_n of_o their_o old_a ancestor_n will_v not_o bargain_n and_o traffic_n nor_o follow_v any_o trade_n as_o a_o sordid_a and_o vile_a life_n but_o this_o pride_n be_v accompany_v with_o a_o generous_a courage_n and_o they_o be_v general_o dare_v spirit_n and_o repute_v the_o best_a soldier_n in_o italy_n for_o which_o reason_n they_o be_v invite_v frequent_o to_o foreign_a command_n which_o they_o discharge_v with_o great_a reputation_n the_o estate_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v of_o 2._o sort_n the_o one_o consist_v in_o temporal_a dominion_n the_o other_o in_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n his_o temporal_a dominion_n be_v divide_v likewise_o into_o 2._o sort_n the_o one_o immediate_a which_o yield_v a_o revenue_n the_o other_o mediate_v which_o be_v hold_v in_o fee_n of_o the_o church_n of_o the_o first_o kind_n be_v st._n peter_n patrimony_n avignion_n in_o france_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o latter_a naples_n etc._n etc._n the_o immediate_a temporal_a estate_n consist_v of_o 7._o member_n romandialo_n ferrara_n with_o urbino_n marca_n anconitana_n the_o duchy_n of_o spoleto_n st._n peter_n patrimony_n and_o campagna_n de_fw-fr roma_n 1._o romandiola_n famous_a for_o the_o city_n and_o university_n of_o bononia_n or_o bologna_n and_o the_o exarchate_o of_o ravenna_n once_o the_o seat_n of_o emperor_n and_o extort_a by_o the_o pope_n from_o the_o venetian_n in_o former_a time_n with_o some_o other_o adjacent_a territory_n and_o make_v holy_a ground_n 2._o ferrara_n in_o which_o the_o valley_n of_o commachio_n aforesaid_a a_o brave_a dominion_n and_o worthy_a the_o state_n and_o splendour_n of_o the_o papacy_n both_o for_o revenue_n delight_n and_o fertility_n 3._o urbino_n in_o it_o the_o duchy_n of_o camerone_n belong_v as_o abovesaid_a to_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n urbino_n be_v 60._o mile_n in_o length_n 35._o in_o breadth_n and_o yield_v 100000._o crown_n revenue_n 4._o marca_n anconitana_n in_o which_o stand_v the_o famous_a chapel_n of_o our_o lady_n of_o loretto_n one_o of_o the_o notable_a sight_n of_o italy_n 5._o spoleto_n the_o old_a demesne_n of_o the_o church_n 6._o st._n peter_n patrimony_n lie_v in_o tuscany_n and_o give_v to_o the_o church_n many_o century_n since_o by_o pope_n paschal_n 7._o campagna_n de_fw-fr roma_n wherein_o rome_n the_o mistress_n of_o the_o world_n be_v seat_v and_o the_o pope_n preside_v with_o as_o much_o empire_n and_o authority_n as_o any_o of_o the_o roman_a caesar_n by_o what_o mean_v it_o be_v too_o tedious_a and_o unnecessary_a to_o relate_v the_o story_n of_o it_o be_v so_o public_a in_o many_o print_n for_o which_o reason_n also_o we_o shall_v pass_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o election_n of_o pope_n of_o the_o college_n of_o cardinal_n of_o the_o consistory_n and_o whatever_o concern_v the_o civil_a polity_n of_o that_o prudent_a and_o subtle_a government_n because_o we_o will_v not_o nauseate_a the_o reader_n the_o ordinary_a temporal_a revenue_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a dominion_n be_v 2._o million_o of_o crown_n and_o for_o the_o spiritual_a intrado_n it_o be_v a_o mystery_n or_o a_o miracle_n for_o all_o luther_n execration_n against_o indulgency_n and_o the_o wise_a world_n discovery_n yet_o be_v their_o exchequer_n most_o empty_a the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v repute_v to_o be_v the_o great_a pomp_n and_o magnificence_n of_o the_o pope_n in_o their_o vesture_n and_o the_o ornament_n of_o their_o person_n their_o vast_a allowance_n to_o their_o nuntioe_n and_o legate_n when_o extraordinary_a occasion_n happen_v and_o other_o intelligencer_n and_o spy_n in_o the_o court_n of_o prince_n but_o of_o late_a the_o jesuit_n have_v save_v that_o expense_n as_o to_o the_o force_n and_o power_n of_o this_o potentate_n it_o have_v be_v great_a than_o now_o it_o be_v yet_o still_o he_o have_v the_o misfortune_n in_o any_o quarrel_n to_o be_v worsted_n if_o leave_v to_o himself_o i_o mean_v in_o the_o defensive_a part_n for_o how_o oft_o have_v rome_n be_v sack_v and_o the_o pope_n change_v and_o imprison_v but_o as_o a_o specimen_fw-la of_o what_o army_n they_o can_v raise_v set_v we_o consider_v that_o clement_n the_o 8_o have_v 20000._o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n to_o the_o reduction_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o ferrara_n and_o paul_n the_o 3d._n in_o the_o league_n betwixt_o he_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o venetian_n against_o the_o protestant_n bear_v the_o six_o part_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o that_o war_n against_o the_o protestant_n and_o in_o aid_n of_o charles_n the_o 5_o he_o send_v 12000._o footman_n and_o 500_o horseman_n bear_v their_o charge_n during_o the_o war._n this_o man_n be_v he_o that_o advance_v his_o house_n to_o that_o honour_n wherein_o it_o continue_v to_o this_o day_n in_o florence_n pius_fw-la the_o 5_o aid_v charles_n the_o 9th_o of_o france_n with_o 5000._o footman_n and_o a_o 1000_o horseman_n and_o xistus_fw-la the_o 5_o rake_v together_o in_o the_o 5._o year_n and_o a_o half_a of_o his_o pontificy_n 5._o million_o of_o crown_n and_o expend_v magnificent_o notwithstanding_o in_o bring_v water-pipe_n and_o erect_v conduit_n in_o the_o city_n with_o pyramid_n palace_n and_o other_o sumptuous_a building_n church_n and_o portico_n this_o money_n so_o leave_v in_o the_o treasury_n be_v