which we Reply It maintains him as far as he is a King He may be a Man but sure no King without the Lists and Verge of Religion and Laws it being Religion and Laws that make Him a King Case's Covenant Renew'd Page 54. T Princes for just Causes may be Depos'd If they be Tyrants against God and his Truth their Subjects are Freed from their Oaths of Obedience The People have the same Power over the King that the King hath over any one Man The making of Laws doth belong to the People and Kings are but as Masters of the Rolls Dan. Pos. Lib. 1. Cap. 4. U He that resisteth the King commanding in the Lord resisteth the Ordinance of God but he who resisteth the King commanding that which is against God resisteth no Ordinance of God but an Ordinance of Sin and Satan Lex Rex Pag. 267.1644 W Convention of the Subjects in a Tumultuary way for a Seditious End to make War without Warrant of Law is forbidden but not when Religion Laws Liberties Invasion of Foreign Enemies necessitate the Subjects to Convene tho' the King and Ordinary Judicatures going a corrupt way to pervert Judgment shall refuse to consent to their Conventions Rutherford's Lex Rex Pag. 464. X Our Fundamentals were not made by our Representatives but by the People Themselves and our Representatives themselves Limited by Them which it were good that Parliaments as well as People would observe and be faithful to For no Derivative Power can Nul what Their Primitive Power has established The Englishman Page 11.1670 Y The Priviledges and Lawful Prerogatives of the Sovereign must veil in cases of necessity unto this high and supreme Law The Safety of the People Then no less must the Priviledges of a Parliament yield unto This. Lex Rex Pag. 159. If we be sworn to maintain the Kings Person and Authority in the Defence of the Liberties of the Subject then whoever prefers the Liberties of the Subject to his Person or Authority are not Traytors or Rebels Ibid. Pag. 251. Z Noblemen ought to Reform Religion if the King will not The Commonalty concurring with the Nobility may compel the Bishops to cease from their Tyranny and by their Power Bridle the cruel Beasts They may lawfully require of their King to have True Preachers and if he be negligent they justly may themselves provide them maintain them defend them against all that do persecute them and may retein the Profits of the Church Livings from the other sort The Nobility and Commonalty ought to Reform Religion and may remove from Honors and punish whom God hath condemned Deut. 12. of what Estate or Condition soever The Punishment of such Crimes as touch the Majesty of God doth not appertain to Kings and Chief Rulers only but also to the whole Body of the People and to every Member of the same as Occasion Vocation or ability shall serve to revenge the Injury done against God Dan. Pos. Lib. 1. Cap. 4. If the Magistrates shall refuse to put Mass-mongers and False Preachers to death the People in seeing it perform'd do shew that zeal of God which was commended in Phineas destroying the Adulterers and in the Israelites against the Benjamites Dan. Pos. Lib. 2. Cap. 1. a Judges ought by the Law of God to summon Princes before them for their Crimes And to proceed against them as against all other Offenders Evil Princes ought by the Law of God to be Depos'd and Inferior Magistrates ought chiefly to do it When Magistrates do cease to do their Duties the People are as it were without Officers And then God giveth the Sword into Their hands and he himself is become immediately Their Head For to the Multitude a Portion of the Sword of Justice is committed From the which no Person King Queen or Emperor being an Idolater is excepted they must Dye the Death c. God will send to the People which are willing to do their Duty but are not able some Moses or Othoniel If they know any Jonathan they must go unto him to be their Captain and he ought not to refuse them By the word of God a Private Man by some Special Inward Motive may Kill a Tyrant as Moses did the Aegyptian as Phineas did the Lecherous and Ebud did King Eglon c. It is lawful to kill wicked Kings and Tyrants and both by Gods Law and Mans Law Queen Mary ought to have been put to death as being a Tyrant a Monster a Cruel Death c. The Subjects did kill the Queen's Highness Athalia Jebu killed the Queen's Majesty Jezebel Elias being no Magistrate killed the Queen's Majesties Chaplains Baal's Priests These Examples are left for our Instruction Where this Justice is not executed the State is most Corrupt Dan. Pos. Lib. 2. Cap. 1. b Whensoever a King or other Superior Authority creates an Inferior they invest it with a Legitimacy of Magistratical Power to punish Themselves also in case they prove Evil Doers Right and Might well met Page 7.1648 Princes derive their Power and Prerogative from the People and have their Investitures meerly for the Peoples Benefit Jus Populi Page 1.1644 If the Prince fail in his Promise the People are exempt from their Obedience the Contract is made void and the Right of Obligation is of no force It is therefore permitted to the Officers of a Kingdom either all or some good number of them to suppress a Tyrant Vindiciae contra Tyrannos Pag. 120 121 1648. It is lawful for any who have the Power to call to account a Tyrant or wicked King and after due Conviction to depose and put him to death if the ordinary Magistrate hath neglected or deny'd to do it The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates 1649. Notes on Sect. 9. THe First Clause A has been of great Vse to the Protestant Mercuries and Intelligences for the shaping of their Addresses B A Dispensation again C. D. E. F. G. The King is Depos'd by the Dissenters H The Two Houses above the King I Calls the King to an account for not submitting to the Two Houses K Allows Him to be Master only of His Own Domestiques L The Two Houses are the Kings Guardians and M may Dispose of Kings and Subjects Rights at pleasure N The Votes of the Two Houses are the REASON of King and Kingdom O Singulis Major Universis Minor P The King bound to pass whatever Bills the Two Houses offer Him tho' against His Judgment Q No Member of either House to be Touch'd for Treason without leave R The Equity of the Law set up against the Letter of it S The King distinguish'd from the Person T Princes Deposable by the People U Obedience and Resistance Conditional W People may Convene against Authority X The Fundamentals of Government are from the People Y And so is Sovereignty to which both Kings and Parliaments must vail Z. and a. Popular Violence and Reformation Justifi'd Deposing and Killing of Kings b Gives the Constable a Commission
Church to be Lawful Dangerous Pos. Lib. 2. Cap. 4. See the References Christ's Religion is fondly patcht with the Popes The Communion-Book is an imperfect Book cull'd and pick'd out of that Popish dunghil the Portuyse and Mass-book The Sacraments are wickedly mangled and profan'd They eat not the Lords Supper but play a Pageant of their own to blind the people Their Pomps Rites Laws and Traditions are Antichristian Carnal Beggarly Popish Fooleries Romish Reliques and Rags of Antichrist Dregs and Remnants of Transform'd Popery Pharisaical outward Faces and Vizzards Remnants of Romish Antichrist known Liveries of Antichrist a cursed Leaven of a cursed blasphemous Priesthood Cursed Patches of Popery and Idolatry they are worse then Lousy c. Dan. Pos. L. 2. cap. 9. The Dagon of the Bishops Service-book brake its Neck before this Ark of the Covenant Ibid. P. 66. Notes on § 4. LEt the Reader lay his hand upin his Heart here and ask himself Is this pretended Tenderness of Christianity the stile of the Gospel or no Is it the Language of the Disciples of Jesus Christ Can these People really have an Evangelical Compassion for their Brethren and at the same time fly thus in the face of Dignities and treat their Superiors at this outrageous rate Have we so learn'd Christ as to make Scurrility and Railing the Badge of our Profession They would be thought to supplicate all this while for Gentleness and Compassion And is this the way to obtain it by a Practice that is almost sufficient to turn Mercy it self into Indignation But alas their business is not to procure Favour from the Government but to expose it to Reproach And all this clutter about the Clergy is only to render them Odious and Contemptible to the People Pray'e take notice once again The stress of their Charge upon the Church is only to move the multitude against it as a Frame of Constitution that is Antichristian and Popish And yet pray mark it they do in the same breath offer Proposals of being Vnited into that Ecclesiastical Popish State Which brings the matter unavoidably to this Issue either that they do against their Consciences cast that scandal upon the Church for the Advancement of some Other Designe or else by desiring this Vnion they do acknowledge themselves willing to be Incorporate into a Popish Constitution But this Bustle about the Church you shall fee has a furthlr Prospect For these People have the Faculty of handling Religious Matters in order to Political as well as of hooking in Temporal Matters in order to Spirituals §. 5. The Dissenters Behaviour towards the Civil Government A THe King the Nobles and the Prelates are sure the Murtherers of Christ O People I will be silent Speak People and tell me what good the King has done since his Home coming M. Welsh at Sanchil in Carrit at a Conventicle And at another Conventicle thus I am confident that God will yet assert the Cause of Pentland-hills in spite of the Curates and their Masters the Prelates and in spite of the Prelates and their Master the King and in spite of the King and his Master the Devil Ravillac Redivivus Pa. 45. B Her Majesty and State do maim and deform the Body of Christ and so bid God to battel against them c. By the same authority that the Queen appoints the apparel noe appointed to the Ministers she may command any piece of Popery so she name it Policy c. The Servants of God are persecuted under her That Excommunication should not be exercis'd against Princes I utterly dislike Danger Pos. L. 2. C. 3. Cartwrights Reply Par. 2. C The State sheweth it self not upright alledge the Parliament what it will It shall be easier for Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of Judgment then for such a Court. There shall not be a man of their seed that shall prosper be a Parliament-man or bear Rule in England any more None ever defended this Hierarchy of Bishops to be lawful but Papists and such as were infected with Popish Errors All the Newgates and Oldgates yea and all the Tyburns in England are too little for such rash and presumptuous Heads that will not give God leave to Rule but will take the Sceptre out of his hands I do fear that many of the forwardest Enemies of Reformation are not the backwardest Friends that the King of Spain has in England at this day Dan. Pos. L. 2. C 6. D As long as you maintain these cursed Acts of 1584 the Tyranny of Bishops c. you are a Persecutor Dan. Pos. l 1. cap. 6. E The Magistracy and Ministry walk hand in hand in the contempt of True Religion The Laws maintaining the Archbishops are no more to be accounted of then the Laws maintaining the Stews Impiety is suffer'd to bear sway against the Majesty of God and that by Law and Authority As great Indignities offer'd to Jesus Christ in committing his Church unto the Government of the Common Law as can be by mean Hirelings unto a King Ibid. l. 2. cap. 8. Come hither ye Malignant Athiests come hither gnash your teeth and let their eyes rot in their holes Bond to the Commons Oct. 8. 1645 Pa. 5. F The Kings of the Earth have given their power to Antichrist How have they earn'd their Titles Eldest Son of the Church the Catholique and most Christian King DEFENDER OF THE FAITH Do not the Kings of all these Nations stand up in the room of their Progenitors with the same implacable Enmity to the Power of the Gospel Dr. Owen Fast Serm. Apr. 19. 1649. Pa. 22. There was Corruption both in Church and Common-wealth Idols were set up in Dan and Bethel i.e. in the places of Judgment and in the House of God Burroughs on Isa. 66. v. 10. Pa. 37. The greatest blow that ever was given to Antichristian Government is that which Now it hath had Babylon is so fallen as it shall never rise again Burroughs on Isa. 66.10 Pa. 44. G. O Worm Darst thou be so Impudent to put thy self in Gods Stead to meddle with Mens Consciences and Lord it in Religious Concerns Gods Loud Call Pag. 17.1661 H. What hope that the Reformed Religion will be protected and maintained by the Son which was so irreligiously betray'd by the Father Plain English 1660. Pag. 2. I. C. S. the Son of that Murtherer is proclaimed King of England whose Throne of Iniquity is built on the Blood of pretious Saints and Martyrs Door of Hope Pag. 1.1660 The Murtherers of our Saviour were less Guilty than That Prince Case of King Charles 1648. K. Let Justice and Reason blush and Traytors and Murtherers Parricides and Patricides put on White Garments and rejoyce as Innocent Ones if This Man the Late King should escape the Hands of Justice and Punishment English Translation of the Scottish Declaration Pag. 12.1650 L. Charles the Second The Son of a Bloody Father Heir to an Entail'd Curse more certain than to his Kingdom Train'd
Sovereign And methinks it is very Vnequal for Men that give no Quarter to Loyal Subjects to stand expostulating for Privileges to Revolters Here 's King and Parliament gone at First Dash A A Confederacy Authoriz'd at Next B A Papal Dispensation from Obedience C The King and Three Estates swallowed up in the Assembly D Subjects set above the Law E The Sovereignty vested in the Multitude F Parliaments subordinated to the Kirk G The King Himself Arraign'd and Judgments denounced against him H The Judges Degraded Courts of Justice silenc'd the Rabble passing Sentence on the Supreme Magistrate Deposing of Princes Justify'd I. This is all Plain enough without Exposition But we are Now about to be yet a little Plainer Sect. 9. Principles and Positions A THe Two Houses have Legal Power to Levy Monys Arms Horse Ammunition upon the Subjects even without or against the Kings Consent and to put into safe hands such Forts Ports Magazines Ships and Power of the Militia as are intended or likely to be intended to introduce a Tyranny not only when Arms are actually raised against them but when they discern and accordingly declare a Preparation made towards it Political Catechism Page 7.1679 B A King abusing his Power to the Overthrow of Religion Laws and Liberties may be controll'd and oppos'd And if he set himself to overthrow all these by Arms then they who have Power as the Estates of a Land may and ought to Resist by Arms because he doth by That Opposition break the very Bonds and overthrow all the Essentials of this Contract and Covenant This may serve to justifie the Proceedings of This Kingdom against the late King who in a Hostile way set himself to overthrow Religion Parliaments Laws and Liberties Douglase's Coronation Serm. Page 10.1951 C The Lords and Commons are as the Master of the House Calamy's Sermon Decemb. 25. 1644. Page 22. The Parliament whom the People Chuse are the great and only Conservators of the Peoples Liberties Ibid D The Parliament of the Commonwealth of England without the King 1651. were the Supreme Authority of this Nation Jenkins's Petition Octob. 15. 1651. E The Sovereignty here among Us is in King Lords and Commons Baxter's Holy Commonwealths Page 72.1659 F The Government of England is a Mixt Monarchy and govern'd by the Major part of the Three Estates assembled in Parliament Parliament Physick for a sin-sick Nation Page 111. G The Houses are not only requisite to the acting of the Power of making Laws but Co-ordinate with His Majesty in the very power of Acting Ahabs Fall Page 42. H Resolved That in case of Extream Danger and of His Majesties Refusal the Ordinance agreed on by both Houses for the Militia doth oblige the People and ought to be obeyed by the Fundamental Laws of This Kingdom Vote of both Houses March 15. 164â— Ex. Col. 112. I Resolved That when the Lords and Commons in Parliament which is the Supreme Court of Judicature in the Kingdom shall declare what the Law of the Land is to have This not only question'd and controverted but contradicted and a Command that it should not be obey'd is a high breach of the Priviledge of Parliament Ex. Col. 114. March 16. 1641. K The Lords and Commons in Parliament do declare That it is against the Laws and Liberties of the Kingdom that any of the Subjects thereof should be commanded by the King to attend Him at His Pleasure but such as are bound thereto by special Service Ex. Col. 193. May 17. 1642 L The Towns Forts Treasure Magazine Offices and the People of the Kingdom and the whole Kingdom it self is entrusted unto the King for the Good and Safety and best advantage thereof and as This Trust is for the Use of the Kingdom so ought it to be menag'd by the Advice of the Houses of Parliament whom the Kingdom hath Trusted for That purpose Third Remonstrance May 26. 1642. Ex. Col. 266. M A Parliament may dispose of any thing wherein His Majesty or His Subjects hath a Right in such a way as that the Kingdom may not be expos'd to hazard or danger thereby Ibid. 267 N The Votes of the Lords and Commons in Parliament being the great Council of the Kingdom are the REASON of the King and of the Kingdom Ibid. 278. O Supreme Head and Governour over all Persons in all Causes as it is meant of singular Persons rather than of Courts or of the Collective Body of the whole Kingdom c. And to speak properly it is only in His high Court of Parliament wherein and wherewith His Majesty hath absolutely the Supreme Power and consequently is absolutely Supreme Head and Governour from whence there is no Appeal Remonstrance May 26. 1642. Ex. Col. 703. P The Kings of This Realm ought to be very tender in denying both Houses of Parliament any thing that concerns the Publick Government and good of the Kingdom and they ought to deny themselves and their own Understandings very far before they Deny Them and that upon this ground because they lie under the Obligation of an Oath to pass such Laws if they be Just and Good for the Kingdom And it must Then be a Tender Point for a Prince to judge otherwise of those Laws that are Represented unto Him as such by the Representative Body of the whole Kingdom Ibid. Pag. 715. No Presidents can be Bounds to the Proceedings of the Parliament Ibid. Pag. 726 Q A Parliament may dispose of any thing wherein the King or any Subject hath a Right in such a way that the Kingdom may not be endanger'd thereby And if the King being humbly sought unto by His Parliament shall refuse to joyn with them In such Cases the Representative Body of the Kingdom is not to sit still and see the Kingdom perish before their Eyes and of this danger THEY are Judges and Judges Superiour to all others that Legally have any Power of Judicature in This Kingdom Ibid. No Member of either House ought to be medled withal for Treason Felony or any other Crime without the Cause first brought before Them that they may judge of the Fact and Their leave obteined to proceed Ibid. The Sovereign Power doth reside in the King and both Houses of Parliament And His Majesties Negative Voice doth not import a Liberty for His Majesty to deny any thing as He pleaseth though never so requisite and necessary for the Kingdom Ibid. 727. R When there is certain appearance or grounded suspicion that the Letter of the Law shall be improv'd against the Equity of it that is the Publique Good whether of the Body Real or Representative then the Commander going against its Equity gives Liberty to the Commanded to refuse Obedience to the Letter Ex. Col. Pag. 152. S The Clause wherein we Swear the Preservation and Defence of the Kings Person and Authority doth lye under some restreint by That limitation In the Preservation and Defence of the True Religion and Liberties of the Kingdom To