Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	king_n	parliament_n	writ_n	1,437	5	9.7847	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A91237	The opening of the great seale of England. Containing certain brief historicall and legall observations, touching the originall, antiquity, progresse, vse, necessity of the great seal of the kings and kingdoms, of England, in respect of charters, patents, writs, commissions, and other processe. Together with the kings, kingdoms, Parliaments severall interests in, and power over the same, and over the Lord Chancellour, and the lords and keepers of it, both in regard of its new-making, custody, admi nistration [sic] for the better execution of publike justice, the republique necessary safety, and vtility. Occasioned by the over-rash censures of such who inveigh against the Parliament, for ordering a new great seale to be engraven, to supply the wilfull absence, defects, abuses of the old, unduely withdrawne and detained from them. / By William Prynne, Utter-Barrester of Lincolns Inne. ...	Prynne, William, 1600-1669.	1643 (1643)	Wing P4026; Thomason E251_2; ESTC R234376	44,104	39

french_a then_o to_o provide_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o those_o in_o the_o east_n in_o proper_a person_n which_o i_o only_o note_v in_o the_o by_o have_v omit_v it_o in_o its_o due_a place_n first_o to_o manifest_v what_o high_a esteem_n our_o king_n have_v have_v of_o the_o resolution_n and_o advise_v of_o their_o parliament_n to_o which_o they_o whole_o submit_v their_o own_o judgement_n acquiesce_v in_o their_o resolve_n second_o to_o evidence_n the_o soveveraigne_a power_n of_o parliament_n over_o our_o king_n then_o who_o may_v not_o desert_v the_o realm_n not_o take_v any_o new_a honour_n or_o dominion_n upon_o they_o without_o their_o previous_a consent_n and_o advice_n three_o to_o show_v the_o duty_n of_o king_n to_o their_o subject_n and_o kingdom_n king_n richard_n the_o first_o succeed_v his_o father_n henry_n the_o second_o rather_o by_o election_n than_o succession_n and_o d_o 530._o not_o style_v a_o king_n by_o our_o ancient_a writer_n before_o his_o coronation_n be_v the_o first_o of_o all_o our_o king_n as_o our_o e_o a._n writer_n accord_n who_o seal_v with_o a_o seal_n of_o arm_n all_o our_o former_a king_n seal_n be_v but_o the_o picture_n of_o the_o king_n sit_v in_o a_o throne_n on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o the_o seal_n and_o on_o horseback_n on_o the_o other_o side_n in_o divers_a form_n with_o various_a inscription_n of_o their_o name_n and_o style_n which_o you_o may_v view_v in_o speed_n but_o this_o king_n bear_v two_o lion_n rampant_a combatant_n in_o a_o shield_n in_o his_o first_o and_o three_o lion_n passant_a in_o his_o latter_a seal_n bear_v ever_o after_o by_o our_o king_n as_o the_o royal_a arm_n of_o england_n his_o first_o f_o grafton_n chancellor_n be_v william_n longchamp_n bishop_n of_o elie_n legate_n to_o the_o pope_n who_o he_o make_v his_o viceroy_n and_o justiciar_n of_o england_n when_o he_o go_v to_o the_o holy_a land_n against_o the_o saracen_n commit_v the_o kingdom_n to_o his_o government_n chief_o who_o infinite_o oppress_v and_o tyrannize_v over_o it_o as_o all_o our_o historian_n evidence_n g_o 156._o matthew_n paris_n give_v this_o character_n of_o he_o erat_fw-la idem_fw-la canceli_n arius_n maximus_fw-la inter_fw-la omnes_fw-la occidentales_fw-la rex_fw-la et_fw-la sacerdos_fw-la in_fw-la anglia_fw-la qui_fw-la omnia_fw-la pro_fw-la nihilo_fw-la ducebat_fw-la cum_fw-la episcopali_fw-la tantum_fw-la dignitate_fw-la non_fw-la contentus_fw-la nimis_fw-la alta_fw-la se_fw-la sperare_fw-la denotavit_fw-la in_fw-la prima_fw-la namque_fw-la literarum_fw-la suarum_fw-la front_n vanitatem_fw-la et_fw-la elationem_fw-la expressit_fw-la cum_fw-la dixit_fw-la willielmus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la common_o use_v before_o in_o and_o since_o that_o age_n by_o and_o to_o bishop_n pope_n abbot_n in_o public_a writ_n as_o well_o as_o king_n as_o the_o h_o 782._o marginal_a author_n manifest_a eliensis_n episcopus_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la cancellarius_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la justitiarius_n and_o apostolicae_fw-la sedis_fw-la legatus_fw-la etc._n etc._n have_v autem_fw-la dignitates_fw-la quos_fw-la pretio_fw-la obtinuerat_fw-la immoderato_fw-la excessu_fw-la exercuit_fw-la volens_fw-la locellos_fw-la quas_fw-la in_fw-la earum_fw-la impetratione_fw-la evacuerat_fw-la reficere_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o chancellor_n as_o be_v probable_a have_v the_o custody_n of_o one_o part_n of_o the_o seal_n in_o this_o king_n absence_n for_o the_o better_a administration_n of_o justice_n though_o the_o king_n carry_v the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n with_o he_o into_o the_o war_n pretend_v to_o be_v there_o lose_v as_o you_o shall_v present_o hear_v i_o find_v divers_a of_o this_o king_n charter_n letter_n writ_n before_o and_o after_o his_o voyage_n to_o the_o holy-land_n recite_v in_o i_o 748._o hoveden_n these_o charter_n which_o questionless_a be_v seal_v with_o his_o seal_n be_v subscribe_v by_o sundry_a witness_n the_o writ_n and_o charter_n conclude_v with_o a_o teste_fw-la meipso_fw-la apud_fw-la chinonem_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o charter_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o sadburgh_n to_o hugh_n bishop_n of_o durham_n 132._o be_v thus_o date_v datum_fw-la anno_fw-la primo_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la 18_o die_fw-la septembris_fw-la apud_fw-la eatingat_fw-la per_fw-la manum_fw-la willielmi_fw-la de_fw-fr longo_fw-la campo_fw-it cancellarii_fw-la nostri_fw-la during_o this_o king_n richard_n imprisonment_n in_o germany_n henry_n the_o emperor_n send_v letter_n to_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n for_o this_o king_n by_o william_n longchamp_n his_o chancellor_n aurea_fw-la bulla_fw-la imbullatas_fw-la in_fw-la hac_fw-la forma_fw-la seal_v with_o a_o golden_a bull_n in_o this_o form_n and_o soon_o after_o this_o k_o 730._o chancellor_n william_n briwere_v and_o other_o conclude_v a_o peace_n between_o this_o king_n and_o philip_n king_n of_o france_n authorize_v thereto_o by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n these_o commissioner_n not_o only_o swear_v to_o but_o seal_v the_o article_n of_o this_o truce_n as_o this_o close_a of_o it_o manifest_v quae_fw-la omnia_fw-la praedicta_fw-la ut_fw-la rata_fw-la permaneant_fw-la et_fw-la inconcussa_fw-la ego_fw-la willielmus_fw-la de_fw-la rupibus_fw-la and_o ego_fw-la joannes_n de_fw-fr pratellis_fw-la and_o ego_fw-la willielmus_fw-la briwere_n per_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la domini_fw-la nostri_fw-la sigillorum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la attestatione_fw-la roboravimus_fw-la actum_fw-la meduneae_fw-la anno_fw-la ab_fw-la incarnatione_fw-la domini_fw-la 1193._o octav●_z idus_fw-la julii_fw-la and_o the_o very_o next_o year_n the_o l_o 743._o letter_n and_o instrument_n of_o the_o truce_n make_v between_o these_o two_o king_n by_o drogo_n and_o anselm_n and_o swear_v by_o they_o in_o the_o french_a king_n behalf_n have_v this_o conclusion_n et_fw-la nos_fw-la ut_fw-la omnia_fw-la praedicta_fw-la firma_fw-la sint_fw-la and_o stabilita_fw-la universa_fw-la praedicta_fw-la sigillis_fw-la nostris_fw-la roboravimus_fw-la actum_fw-la inter_fw-la vernelium_n and_o thiler_n anno_fw-la incarnati_fw-la verbi_fw-la 1194._o 23_o die_fw-la iulii_fw-la king_n richard_n be_v release_v this_o very_a year_n which_o be_v the_o six_o of_o his_o reign_n out_o of_o prison_n and_o new_o crown_v among_o other_o oppressve_fw-la project_n to_o raise_v money_n to_o maintain_v his_o war_n which_o make_v he_o a_o extraordinary_a oppressiour_fw-fr of_o his_o people_n m_o other_o cause_v a_o new_a broad_a seal_n to_o be_v make_v the_o portraiture_n whereof_o you_o may_v view_v in_o speed_n pretend_v that_o the_o old_a be_v lose_v when_o roger_n his_o vicechancellor_n be_v drown_v before_o cyprus_n and_o that_o his_o chancellor_n during_o his_o imprisonment_n have_v abuse_v this_o seal_n whereupon_o he_o take_v it_o from_o he_o require_v and_o command_v that_o all_o person_n as_o well_o clergy_n man_n as_o lay_v man_n who_o have_v charter_n or_o confirmation_n under_o his_o old_a seal_n shall_v bring_v they_o in_o to_o be_v renew_a under_o his_o new_a seal_n and_o unless_o they_o do_v so_o that_o nothing_o which_o have_v be_v pass_v by_o his_o old_a seal_n shall_v be_v ratify_v or_o hold_v good_a in_o law_n by_o which_o device_n he_o draw_v a_o great_a mass_n of_o money_n to_o his_o treasury_n subscribe_v his_o new-sealed_a charter_n thus_o this_o be_v the_o tenor_n of_o our_o charter_n under_o our_o first_o seal_n which_o because_o it_o be_v lose_v and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o our_o be_v captive_a in_o almaigne_n in_o the_o power_n of_o another_o we_o cause_v to_o be_v change_v etc._n etc._n which_o n_o 785._o hoveden_n thus_o relate_v et_fw-la imputans_fw-la cancellario_fw-la suo_fw-la hoc_fw-la per_fw-la ipsum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la factum_fw-la abstulit_fw-la ab_o eo_fw-la sigillum_fw-la suum_fw-la et_fw-la facit_fw-la sib_fw-la novum_fw-la sigillum_fw-la fieri_fw-la tum_fw-la quia_fw-la cancellarius_fw-la ille_fw-la operatus_fw-la fuerat_fw-la inde_fw-la minus_fw-la discrete_a quàm_fw-la esset_fw-la necesse_fw-la tum_fw-la quia_fw-la sigillum_fw-la illud_fw-la perditum_fw-la erat_fw-la quando_fw-la rogerus_fw-la malus_fw-la catul●o_fw-la vice-cancellarius_fw-la suus_fw-la submersus_fw-la erat_fw-la in_fw-la maeri_fw-la ante_fw-la insulam_fw-la de_fw-la cypro_fw-la and_o praecepit_fw-la rex_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la tam_fw-la clerici_fw-la quam_fw-la laici_fw-la qui_fw-la chartas_n habebant_fw-la venirent_fw-la ad_fw-la novum_fw-la sigillum_fw-la suum_fw-la ad_fw-la chartas_n suas_fw-la renovandas_fw-la and_o nisi_fw-la fecerint_fw-la nihil_fw-la quod_fw-la actum_fw-la fuerat_fw-la per_fw-la sigillum_fw-la suum_fw-la vetus_fw-la ratum_fw-la haberetur_fw-la praterea_fw-la rex_fw-la statuit_fw-la torniamenta_fw-la fieri_fw-la in_fw-la anglia_fw-la and_o chartasua_fw-la confirmavit_fw-la etc._n etc._n make_v they_o also_o a_o money_n matter_n by_o which_o passage_n it_o be_v apparent_a first_o that_o all_o these_o king_n patent_n charter_n be_v seal_v with_o his_o great_a seal_n second_o that_o the_o abuse_n loss_n or_o absence_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n to_o make_v a_o new_a one_o three_o that_o the_o profit_n make_v by_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o project_n of_o raise_v money_n by_o new_a charter_n seal_v with_o it_o be_v the_o true_a original_a cause_n all_o seal_n of_o charter_n and_o writ_n with_o his_o seal_n and_o make_v it_o simple_o necessary_a in_o law_n there_o be_v no_o public_a resolution_n or_o

8._o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o other_o act_n be_v not_o delay_v nor_o deny_v to_o any_o subject_n that_o desire_v or_o need_v it_o be_v the_o supreme_a court_n of_o justice_n to_o punish_v all_o offence_n neglect_n supply_v all_o defect_n in_o the_o high_a officer_n of_o justice_n therefore_o to_o provide_v a_o new_a broad_a seal_n and_o keeper_n of_o it_o since_o public_a justice_n be_v deny_v to_o most_o obstruct_v delay_v to_o all_o by_o the_o unlegall_a wilful_a absence_n of_o the_o old_a great_a seal_n and_o lord_n keeper_n from_o the_o parliament_n and_o court_n at_o westminster_n five_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n in_o point_n of_o honour_n trust_v duty_n more_o especial_o since_o their_o late_a protestation_n and_o covenant_n be_v bind_v universal_o to_o preserve_v their_o own_o just_a privilege_n right_n and_o liberty_n whereof_o these_o be_v indubitable_a one_o that_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n and_o keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n together_o with_o the_o seal_n itself_o remain_v in_o his_o custody_n ought_v always_o constant_o to_o attend_v the_o parliament_n and_o be_v present_a with_o it_o first_o x_o roll_v because_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n or_o keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n be_v always_o a_o necessary_a member_n of_o the_o vppor-house_n and_o the_o speaker_n of_o it_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o very_a office_n second_o because_o not_o only_o constant_a custom_n but_o y_o 10._o sundry_a act_n of_o parliament_n require_v the_o chancellor_n and_o keeper_n special_a presence_n in_o parliament_n in_o direct_a term_n three_o because_o the_o chancellor_n and_o great_a seal_n be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v necessary_o present_a in_o parliament_n be_v the_o only_a proper_a seal_n of_o this_o high_a court_n for_o divers_a public_a end_n 1._o to_o issue_v out_o writ_n z_o a._n of_o summons_n and_o new_a election_n for_o summon_v the_o member_n of_o both_o house_n as_o oft_o as_o there_o be_v need_n to_o keep_v the_o house_n complete_a 2._o to_o seal_v writ_n of_o a_o 65._o error_n bring_v in_o parliament_n 3._o to_o seal_v b_o 23._o writ_n of_o privilege_n for_o member_n of_o parliament_n or_o their_o menial_a servant_n when_o there_o be_v cause_n 4._o to_o issue_v and_o seal_v such_o c_o 271._o new_a writ_n as_o shall_v be_v devise_v in_o parliament_n upon_o new_a occasion_n 5._o to_o issue_v out_o and_o seal_v such_o d_o subsidy_n commission_n as_o shall_v be_v necessary_a upon_o public_a employment_n trial_n criminal_a or_o judicial_a tax_n or_o subsidy_n appoint_v in_o and_o by_o parliament_n 6._o to_o seal_v such_o e_o 3._o patent_n and_o charter_n of_o honour_n land_n privilege_n office_n and_o the_o like_a which_o shall_v be_v think_v meet_a to_o be_v grant_v in_o parliament_n as_o most_o old_a charter_n be_v 7._o to_o seal_v parliament_n pardon_n and_o all_o proclamation_n exemplification_n of_o private_a act_n of_o parliament_n and_o such_o act_n as_o be_v to_o be_v proclaim_v to_o such_o who_o require_v they_o 2_o h._n 5._o c._n 4._o 1_o r._n 2._o c._n 6._o 1_o h._n 7._o f._n 23._o 25._o coronc_fw-fr 49._o 33_o h._n 6._o 17._o parl._n 1._o 21_o e._n 4._o 56._o dyer_n 135._o cook_n l._n 8._o f._n 7._o 8._o 28._o 43_o e._n 3._o c._n 5._o 2_o h._n 5._o c._n 46._o 1_o h._n 6._o c._n 2._o 26_o e._n 3._o c._n 16._o ash_n table_n proclamation_n 39_o in_o all_o these_o respect_n with_o other_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n keeper_n and_o great_a seal_n presence_n be_v simple_o necessary_a in_o parliament_n where_o by_o law_n and_o custom_n they_o ever_o have_v be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v till_o this_o late_a precedent_n the_o house_n lawful_o may_v and_o in_o point_n both_o of_o honour_n and_o justice_n ought_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o own_o undoubted_a privilege_n to_o constitute_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n and_o keeper_n of_o it_o if_o the_o old_a be_v not_o return_v to_o they_o speedy_o have_v be_v wilful_o above_o twelve_o month_n space_n withdraw_v detain_v from_o they_o on_o purpose_n to_o dissolve_v the_o parliament_n retard_v or_o frustrate_v all_o its_o proceed_n and_o stop_v the_o common_a course_n of_o justice_n contrary_a to_o all_o law_n and_o justice_n in_o few_o word_n this_o parliament_n without_o any_o exception_n of_o king_n courtier_n malignant_n or_o any_o other_o i_o have_v yet_o hear_v of_o have_v make_v a_o new_a master_n of_o the_o mint_n at_o least_o restore_v a_o old_a one_o to_o his_o place_n who_o be_v dispossess_v coin_a money_n and_o make_v new_a stamp_n for_o that_o purpose_n where_o the_o old_a be_v break_v or_o wear_v out_o without_o the_o king_n consent_n or_o any_o tax_n of_o treason_n or_o disloyalty_n therefore_o by_o the_o selfsame_a law_n and_o reason_n they_o may_v lawful_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n and_o lord_n keeper_n of_o it_o for_o the_o end_n aforesaid_a to_o supply_v the_o absence_n defect_n and_o prevent_v the_o gross_a abuse_n of_o the_o old_a without_o any_o treason_n or_o disloyalty_n the_o vote_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o together_o with_o their_o reason_n for_o the_o make_n of_o a_o new_a great_a seal_n of_o england_n present_v by_o they_o to_o the_o lord_n at_o a_o conference_n july_n 4._o and_o 5._o anno_fw-la 1643._o resolve_a upon_o the_o question_n june_n 14._o and_o 26._o 1._o that_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n ought_v to_o attend_v the_o parliament_n 2._o that_o the_o absence_n of_o it_o have_v be_v a_o cause_n of_o great_a mischief_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n 3._o that_o a_o remedy_n ought_v to_o be_v provide_v for_o these_o mischief_n 4._o that_o the_o proper_a remedy_n be_v by_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n the_o mischief_n occasion_v by_o convey_v away_o the_o great_a seal_n from_o the_o parliament_n represent_v to_o the_o lord_n at_o a_o conference_n july_n 5._o 1643._o be_v these_o 1._o it_o be_v secret_o and_o unlawful_o carry_v away_o by_o the_o lord_n keeper_n contrary_a to_o the_o duty_n of_o his_o place_n who_o ought_v himself_o to_o have_v attend_v the_o parliament_n and_o not_o to_o have_v depart_v without_o leave_n nor_o shall_v have_v be_v suffer_v to_o convey_v away_o the_o great_a seal_n if_o his_o intention_n have_v be_v discover_v 2._o it_o have_v be_v since_o take_v away_o from_o he_o and_o put_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o other_o dangerous_a and_o ill_o affect_v person_n so_o as_o the_o lord_n keeper_n be_v send_v unto_o by_o the_o parliament_n for_o the_o seal_n of_o some_o writ_n return_v answer_v that_o he_o can_v not_o seal_v the_o same_o because_o he_o have_v not_o the_o seal_n in_o his_o keep_n 3._o those_o who_o have_v have_v the_o manage_n thereof_o have_v employ_v it_o to_o the_o hurt_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o kingdom_n sundry_a way_n by_o make_v new_a sheriff_n in_o a_o unusual_a and_o unlawful_a manner_n to_o be_v as_o so_o many_o general_n or_o commander_n of_o force_n raise_v against_o the_o parliament_n by_o issue_v out_o illegal_a commission_n of_o array_n with_o other_o unlawful_a commission_n for_o the_o same_o purpose_n by_o send_v forth_o proclamation_n against_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o several_a member_n thereof_o proclaim_v they_o traitor_n against_o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n and_o law_n of_o the_o land_n by_o seal_v commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n to_o proceed_v against_o they_o and_o other_o of_o his_o majesty_n good_a subject_n adhere_v to_o the_o parliament_n as_o traitor_n by_o send_v commission_n into_o ireland_n to_o treat_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o rebel_n there_o contrary_a to_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v this_o session_n beside_o divers_a other_o dangerous_a and_o illegal_a act_n have_v be_v pass_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n since_o it_o be_v secret_o convey_v away_o from_o the_o parliament_n whereby_o great_a calamity_n and_o mischief_n have_v ensue_v to_o the_o kingdom_n prejudice_n the_o mischief_n proceed_v through_o want_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n 1._o the_o term_n have_v be_v adjourn_v the_o course_n of_o justice_n obstruct_v 2._o no_o original_a writ_n can_v be_v sue_v forth_o without_o go_v to_o oxford_n which_o none_o who_o hold_v with_o the_o parliament_n can_v do_v without_o peril_n of_o his_o life_n or_o liberty_n 3._o proclamation_n in_o parliament_n can_v issue_v out_o for_o bring_v in_o delinquent_n impeach_v of_o high-treason_n or_o other_o crime_n under_o pain_n of_o forfeit_v their_o estate_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a course_n 4._o no_o writ_n of_o error_n can_v be_v bring_v in_o parliament_n to_o reverse_v erroneous_a judgement_n nor_o writ_n or_o election_n sue_v out_o for_o choose_v new_a member_n upon_o death_n or_o removal_n of_o any_o whereby_o the_o number_n of_o the_o member_n be_v much_o lessen_v and_o the_o house_n in_o time_n like_a to_o be_v dissolve_v if_o speedy_a supply_n be_v not_o have_v contrary_a to_o the_o very_a

parliament_n have_v enjoy_v such_o a_o power_n and_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o great_a seal_n the_o chancellor_n and_o keeper_n of_o it_o heretofore_o when_o there_o be_v just_a cause_n they_o may_v exercise_v the_o selfsame_a power_n over_o they_o now_o especial_o when_o both_o of_o they_o have_v be_v purposely_o withdraw_v and_o detain_v from_o the_o parliament_n so_o long_o to_o retard_v annihilate_v its_o proceed_n contrary_a to_o law_n and_o the_o act_n for_o its_o continuance_n three_o the_o parliament_n have_v exercise_v a_o power_n over_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o other_o seal_n of_o the_o king_n as_o the_o duchy_n seal_n exchequer_n seal_n seal_v of_o the_o court_n of_o word_n and_o livery_n of_o the_o court_n of_o augmentation_n of_o first_o fruit_n and_o ten_o staple_n surveyor_n seal_n of_o cloth_n and_o other_o merchandise_n safe_a conduct_n custom_n ecclesiastical_a court_n and_o the_o like_a in_o prescribe_v what_o patent_n charter_n commission_n protection_n warrant_n grant_n writ_n pardon_n shall_v be_v pass_v under_o they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o and_o what_o not_o and_o where_o the_o great_a and_o priety_n seal_n shall_v be_v use_v to_o promote_v right_a and_o where_o not_o use_v to_o stay_v right_a or_o justice_n in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o this_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o several_a statute_n of_o 13._o e._n 1._o of_o acton_n burnell_n and_o statute_n merchant_n 25._o e._n 1._o c._n 1._o 28._o e._n 1_o c._n 1._o 2._o 6._o 20_o 18._o e._n 2._o statute_n e._n 1_o prse_n 2._o e._n 3._o c._n 8._o 4._o e._n 3._o c._n 4._o 5._o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o 14._o e._n 3._o c._n 14._o 15._o stat._n 3._o c._n 1._o and_o stat._n 4._o 15._o e._n 3_o c._n 3._o 18._o e._n 3._o stat._n 2._o c._n 1._o 36._o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o 42._o e._n 3._o c._n 9_o 1._o r._n 2._o c._n 6._o 5._o r_o 3._o c._n 9_o 10._o 14._o 6._o r._n 2._o c._n 4._o 18._o r._n 2._o c_o 1._o 12_o r._n 2._o c._n 8._o 13_o r._n 2._o c._n 2._o 13_o r._n c._n 2._o stat._n 2_o c._n 16._o r._n 2_o c._n 6._o 2._o h._n 5._o c._n 4._o 5._o h_o 5_o c._n 7._o 10._o h._n 6._o c._n 7._o 15._o h._n 6._o c._n 3._o 20._o h._n 6._o c_o 1._o 31._o 13._o eliz_n c._n 7._o 14._o eliz._n c._n 6._o h._n 6._o c._n 2._o 1._o e._n 4._o c._n 1._o 3._o h._n 7._o c_o 1._o 4_o h._n 7._o c._n 14._o 14._o and_o 15._o h_o 8._o c_o 4._o 21._o h._n 8._o c._n 16._o 17._o 20._o 23._o h._n 8._o c._n 7._o 25._o h._n 8._o c._n 19_o 21._o 22._o 27._o h._n 8._o c._n 2._o 5_o 11._o 15._o 16._o 27._o 34._o and_o 35._o h._n 8._o c._n 16._o 21._o 26._o 1._o e._n 6._o c._n 2._o 5._o 8._o 12._o 14._o 3_o and_o 4._o e._n 6._o c._n 8_o 39_o eliz._n c._n 5._o 43._o eliz._n c._n 4._o 11._o 12._o 5._o and_o 6._o e._n 6._o c._n 1._o 1._o eliz._n c._n 1._o 5._o eliz._n c._n 1._o 4._o 2_o and_o 3._o phii._n and_o mar._n c._n 20._o above_o all_o by_o *_o 1._o the_o act_n for_o the_o prevent_a inconvenience_n happen_v by_o the_o long_a intermission_n of_o parliament_n make_v this_o parliament_n when_o full_a by_o his_o majesty_n and_o both_o house_n unanimous_a assent_n with_o infinite_a other_o statute_n and_o as_o the_o parliament_n have_v thus_o order_v and_o limit_v the_o use_n of_o the_o king_n own_o seal_n so_o likewise_o the_o seal_n of_o sheriff_n coroner_n corporation_n mayor_n of_o staples_n justice_n judge_n searcher_n and_o other_o officer_n together_o with_o the_o seal_n of_o juror_n elector_n of_o knight_n burgess_n of_o parliament_n and_o sundry_a other_o person_n as_o to_o public_a use_n witness_v the_o statute_n of_o rutland_n 10._o h._n 1._o 13._o e._n 1._o the_o statute_n of_o acton_n burnell_n and_o of_o statute_n merchant_n 13._o e._n 1._o c._n 13._o 31._o 39_o the_o statute_n of_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la 18._o e._n 1._o 1._o e._n 3._o c._n 8._o 2._o e._n 3._o stat._n 3._o c._n 5._o 5._o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o 10._o e._n 3._o c._n 3._o 14._o e._n 3._o c._n 16._o 25._o e._n 3._o parl._n 5._o c._n 1._o 5._o 21._o 27._o e._n 3._o parl._n 2._o c._n 4._o parl._n 3._o c._n 1._o 9_o 42._o e._n 3._o c._n 3._o 43._o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o 12._o r._n 2._o c._n 7._o 8._o 13._o r._n 2._o c._n 11._o 18._o 1._o h._n 4._o c._n 19_o 2._o h._n 4._o c._n 17._o 4._o h._n 4._o c._n 6._o 7._o h._n 4._o c._n 13._o 9_o h._n 4._o c._n 2._o 11._o h._n 4._o c._n 6._o 1._o h._n 5._o c._n 9_o parl._n 2._o c._n 5._o 3._o h._n 5._o c._n 3._o stat._n 2._o 6._o h._n 6._o c._n 4._o 8._o h._n 6._o c._n 18._o 9_o h._n 6._o c._n 10._o 11._o h._n 6._o c._n 9_o 16._o 15._o h._n 6._o c._n 6._o 18._o h._n 6._o c._n 19_o 33._o h._n 6._o c._n 7._o 1._o e._n 4._o c._n 1._o 4._o e._n 4._o c._n 1._o 8._o e._n 4._o c._n 1._o 1._o r._n 3._o c._n 8._o 14._o and_o 15._o h._n 8._o c._n 3._o 23._o h._n 8._o c._n 7._o 25._o h._n 8_o c._n 19_o 26._o h._n 8._o c._n 14._o 1_o e._n 6._o c._n 14._o with_o other_o acts._n therefore_o the_o parliament_n may_v by_o the_o same_o or_o a_o like_a reason_n exercise_v a_o jurisdiction_n in_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n and_o direct_v the_o ule_o of_o it_o for_o the_o common_a good_a to_o supply_v the_o absence_n of_o the_o old_a four_o the_o parliament_n have_v cause_v this_o new_a seal_n to_o be_v make_v principal_o to_o complete_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o by_o seal_v writ_n for_o new_a election_n of_o knight_n and_o burgess_n in_o place_n of_o the_o old_a who_o be_v dead_a or_o just_o expel_v and_o what_o power_n the_o kingdom_n and_o parliament_n have_v ancient_o exercise_v in_o this_o or_o the_o like_a case_n i_o shall_v give_v you_o a_o brief_a account_n first_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o have_v sundry_a time_n in_o former_a age_n not_o only_o enforce_v our_o king_n to_o summon_v parliament_n against_o their_o will_n when_o necessary_a but_o likewise_o send_v out_o writ_n to_o summon_v a_o parliament_n and_o elect_a knight_n and_o burgess_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n in_o our_o king_n name_n without_o their_o privity_n and_o assent_n as_o i_o have_v *_o 16._o elsewhere_o manifest_v by_o sundry_a precedent_n and_o by_o the_o very_a act_n for_o the_o *_o 1._o triennial_a parliament_n assent_v unto_o by_o his_o majesty_n and_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o who_o be_v or_o be_v with_o he_o at_o oxford_n this_o very_a session_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v express_o provide_v that_o in_o case_n the_o king_n refuse_v or_o neglect_v to_o summon_v a_o parliament_n every_o three_o year_n next_o after_o the_o last_o day_n of_o the_o last_o parliament_n precede_v it_o by_o writ_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n so_o frequent_o style_v in_o this_o act_n that_o then_o every_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n and_o every_o commissioner_n and_o commissioner_n for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n for_o the_o time_n be_v within_o six_o day_n after_o the_o ten_o day_n of_o september_n in_o every_o such_o three_o year_n shall_v in_o due_a form_n of_o law_n without_o any_o further_a warrant_n or_o direction_n from_o his_o majesty_n his_o heir_n or_o successor_n seal_n issue_n forth_o and_o send_v abroad_o several_a writ_n of_o summons_n to_o the_o respective_a peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o writ_n of_o election_n to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o several_a county_n city_n and_o borough_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o elect_n of_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n to_o serve_v in_o parliament_n prescribe_v that_o every_o lord_n chancellor_n keeper_n and_o commissioner_n aforesaid_a shall_v take_v a_o oath_n true_o and_o faithful_o to_o issue_v forth_o and_o send_v abroad_o all_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o parliament_n for_o both_o house_n at_o such_o time_n and_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o be_v express_v in_o this_o act_n under_o pain_n of_o be_v disable_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la from_o their_o place_n in_o case_n of_o refusal_n or_o neglect_n and_o then_o the_o lord_n be_v order_v to_o meet_v at_o westminster_n without_o writ_n or_o summons_n and_o any_o twelve_o of_o they_o be_v enable_v to_o grant_v out_o writ_n of_o summons_n under_o their_o hand_n and_o seal_n to_o all_o sheriff_n of_o county_n city_n and_o borough_n which_o shall_v be_v of_o the_o same_o force_n to_o all_o intent_n as_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o parliament_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n and_o in_o case_n the_o lord_n neglect_v or_o refuse_v to_o issue_v such_o writ_n than_o the_o sheriff_n major_n and_o bailiff_n of_o county_n city_n and_o borough_n without_o any_o writ_n at_o

all_o case_n of_o this_o nature_n adjudge_v high_a treason_n attest_v whence_o it_o be_v style_v crimen_fw-la falsi_fw-la falsificatio_fw-la sigilli_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o f_o bracton_n and_o other_o and_o such_o like_a offender_n fanscors_fw-la des_fw-fr sealx_fw-fr and_o the_o inditement_n must_v be_v that_o they_o do_v it_o proditory_a neither_o of_o which_o can_v be_v intend_v of_o 185_o or_o apply_v to_o the_o new_a make_n of_o a_o great_a seal_n by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n for_o the_o necessary_a administration_n of_o justice_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o realm_n when_o the_o great_a seal_n be_v subtract_v as_o now_o five_o the_o lord_n and_o parliament_n make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o edward_n the_o 1_o and_o infancy_n of_o henry_n the_o 6_o without_o their_o privity_n or_o consent_n to_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o justice_n which_o else_o will_v have_v ensue_v be_v never_o repute_v treason_n but_o a_o lawful_a act_n therefore_o the_o present_a make_n of_o a_o new_a seal_n to_o remedy_v the_o wilful_a absence_n of_o the_o old_a without_o the_o king_n consent_n who_o withhold_v it_o and_o the_o keeper_n from_o the_o parliament_n *_o 29_o against_o all_o law_n and_o former_a precedent_n can_v be_v no_o treason_n but_o a_o lawful_a act._n and_o since_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n in_o the_o absence_n infancy_n and_o dotage_n of_o their_o king_n have_v usual_o of_o right_n make_v lord_n protector_n and_o chancellor_n who_o have_v power_n over_o the_o great_a seal_n as_o i_o have_v e_o 87._o elsewhere_o large_o prove_v they_o may_v be_v the_o selfsame_a reason_n make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n likewise_o to_o supply_v the_o wilful_a absence_n of_o the_o old_a final_o all_o the_o object_a statute_n and_o law_n book_n adjudge_v it_o high_a treason_n to_o counterfeit_v the_o king_n money_n as_o well_o as_o his_o seal_n and_o join_v they_o both_o together_o in_o one_o clause_n but_o the_o parliament_n have_v a_o long_a time_n coin_a money_n at_o the_o tower_n and_o make_v new_a stamp_n to_o do_v it_o when_o the_o old_a be_v break_v or_o wear_v out_o without_o any_o charge_n or_o tax_v of_o treason_n therefore_o they_o by_o like_o reason_n may_v make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n without_o treason_n if_o any_o second_o object_n that_o to_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n of_o engand_fw-mi be_v all_o one_o in_o effect_n as_o to_o make_v a_o new_a king_n of_o england_n i_o answer_v 1._o that_o to_o deface_v the_o king_n old_a seal_n and_o signet_n by_o public_a act_n of_o state_n as_o the_o hollander_n do_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n when_o they_o cast_v off_o his_o government_n for_o his_o tyranny_n which_o they_o h_o 188_o and_o popish_a author_n hold_v they_o may_v lawful_o do_v and_o to_o appoint_v new_a seal_n in_o every_o province_n only_o with_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o the_o private_a governor_n and_o provincial_n consul_n of_o every_o province_n without_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o authority_n they_o abjure_v with_o a_o solemn_a oath_n will_v in_o truth_n be_v to_o set_v up_o a_o new_a king_n and_o government_n but_o to_o make_v a_o new_a seal_n only_o like_o or_o not_o much_o different_a from_o the_o old_a to_o supply_v its_o absence_n with_o the_o king_n own_o picture_n arm_n stile_n and_o title_n be_v no_o way_n to_o impeach_v but_o confirm_v his_o royal_a authority_n be_v do_v in_o affirmance_n only_o not_o disaffirm_n of_o it_o as_o lawyer_n speak_v thus_o their_o make_n of_o a_o new_a seal_n in_o edward_n the_o 1._o and_o henry_n the_o 6._o his_o reign_n forementioned_a be_v the_o high_a confirmation_n of_o their_o authority_n and_o the_o great_a expression_n of_o the_o subject_n loyalty_n that_o may_v be_v and_o why_o the_o parliament_n make_v of_o a_o new_a great_a seal_n to_o supply_v the_o absence_n and_o defect_n of_o the_o old_a shall_v be_v deem_v a_o set_n up_o of_o a_o new_a king_n against_o his_o majesty_n more_o than_o the_o parliament_n frequent_a constitute_n of_o lord_n protector_n in_o former_a time_n to_o supply_v the_o infancy_n absence_n dotage_n or_o imperfection_n of_o our_o king_n of_o which_o i_o have_v cite_v you_o many_o precedent_n elsewhere_o which_o all_o esteem_v to_o be_v a_o ratification_n not_o nullification_n or_o alteration_n of_o their_o royal_a authority_n or_o the_o coin_v new_a money_n now_o to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o old_a transcend_v my_o understanding_n to_o apprehend_v since_o those_o who_o may_v lawful_o make_v a_o viceroy_n to_o represent_v the_o person_n or_o execute_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o a_o king_n in_o his_o name_n and_o right_n may_v with_o as_o good_a reason_n and_o authority_n to_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n to_o supply_v the_o defect_n and_o affect_a absence_n of_o the_o old_a the_o seal_n be_v less_o than_o the_o person_n and_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o proper_a seal_n of_o the_o parliament_n 2._o this_o will_v further_o appear_v by_o consider_v in_o the_o second_o place_n what_o power_n and_o authority_n our_o parliament_n have_v claim_v and_o exercise_v as_o of_o right_a over_o the_o custody_n and_o dispose_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n first_o they_o have_v usual_o choose_v and_o nominate_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n and_o keeper_n both_o of_o the_o great_a and_o privy_a seal_n of_o england_n together_o with_o the_o lord_n protector_n lord_n treasurer_n privy_a counsellor_n and_o other_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o i_o have_v i_o 73._o elsewhere_o plentiful_o manifest_v and_o commit_v the_o great_a seal_n to_o the_o chancellor_n custody_n only_o second_o they_o have_v order_v k_o 49._o that_o the_o chancellor_n shall_v not_o be_v put_v from_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o seal_n nor_o the_o seal_n take_v from_o he_o without_o the_o common_a counsel_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n in_o parliament_n upon_o which_o ground_n ralph_n nevil_n bishop_n of_o chichester_n anno._n 1236_o when_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o upon_o a_o displeasure_n earnest_o demand_v the_o great_a seal_n of_o he_o be_v then_o lord_n chancellor_n absolute_o refuse_v to_o deliver_v it_o to_o the_o king_n say_v that_o he_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n do_v it_o see_v he_o have_v receive_v it_o by_o the_o common_a counsel_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o therefore_o he_o neither_o can_v nor_o will_v resign_v it_o without_o the_o common_a counsell_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o wit_v the_o parliament_n yea_o the_o l_o 56._o parliament_n an._n 28._o of_o henry_n the_o three_o to_o prevent_v the_o abuse_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n which_o the_o king_n then_o begin_v to_o take_v from_o the_o chancellor_n into_o his_o own_o custody_n abuse_v it_o to_o ill_a end_n vote_v that_o if_o the_o king_n by_o any_o intervement_n occasion_n shall_v take_v away_o the_o great_a seal_n from_o the_o chancellor_n who_o shall_v always_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o parliament_n or_o its_o assent_n what_o soever_o shall_v be_v seal_v in_o the_o interim_n shall_v be_v repute_v void_a and_o frustrate_a till_o restitution_n of_o it_o be_v make_v to_o the_o chancellor_n after_o this_o the_o m_o 58._o parliament_n in_o richard_n the_o second_o his_o reign_n dispose_v both_o of_o the_o chancellor_n place_n and_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o henry_n scroop_n make_v lord_n chancellor_n by_o it_o refuse_v at_o first_o to_o deliver_v up_o the_o seal_n to_o the_o king_n who_o demand_v it_o of_o he_o and_o when_o he_o extort_a it_o from_o he_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v much_o displease_v and_o murmur_v against_o it_o three_o the_o chancellor_n of_o england_n n_o 71_o have_v resign_v up_o his_o office_n and_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n in_o and_o to_o the_o parliament_n who_o have_v dispose_v of_o it_o to_o a_o new_a chancellor_n in_o parliament_n as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o parliament_n roles_n of_o 4._o h._n 6._o nu._n 14._o 15._o without_o the_o king_n and_o the_o o_o 5_o archbishop_n of_o york_n l._n chancellor_n of_o england_n when_o k._n edward_n the_o four_o die_v be_v much_o blame_v for_o deliver_v up_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n to_o the_o queen_n mother_n whereupon_o the_o seal_n be_v take_v from_o he_o and_o deliver_v by_o the_o l._n protector_n to_o dr._n russel_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n in_o regard_n of_o which_o dispose_v power_n both_o p_o parliament_n of_o the_o chancellor_n and_o great_a seal_n by_o parliament_n both_o of_o they_o be_v usual_o style_v in_o statute_n the_o act_n for_o triennial_a parliament_n history_n p_n the_o chancellur_n and_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n how_o the_o parliament_n have_v order_v and_o appoint_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o king_n other_o seal_n from_o time_n to_o time_n i_o have_v show_v in_o the_o forecited_a act_n and_o will_v not_o repeat_v but_o conclude_v that_o if_o our_o