Justices of the Peace that they were all for Law nothing but Law but they should find that the Kings little finger should be heavier than the loines of the Law They shall find my Lords who speakes this to the people a Privie Counsellour this must be either to traduce his Majesty to the people as spoken from him or from himselfe who was Lord Lieutenant of the County and President intrusted with the forces and Justice of those parts that he would imploy both this way add my Lords to his words there the exercising of an arbitrary and vast Jurisdiction before he had so much as Instructions or colour of warrant Thence we carry him into Ireland there he represented by his place the sacred person of his Majesty 1 There at Dublyn the principall City of that Kingdome whither the Subjects of that Countrey came for Justice in an Assembly of Peeres and others of greatest ranke upon occasion of a speech of the Recorder of that City touching their Franchises and Legall Rights he tels them that Ireland was a conquered Nation and that the King might doe with them what he pleased 2 Not long after in the Parliament 10. Car. in the Chaire of State in full Parliament againe That they were a conquered Nation and that they were to expect Lawes as from a Conquerour before The King might doe with them what he would now They were to expect it that he would put this power of a Conquerour in execution The Circumstances are very considerable in full Parliament from himselfe in Cathedra to the representative body of the whole Kingdome The occasion adds much when they desire the benefit of the Lawes and that their Causes and Suites might be determined according to Law and not by himselfe at his will and pleasure upon paper Petitions 3 Upon like occasion of pressing the Lawes and Statutes That hee would make an Act of Counsell board in that Kingdome as binding as an Act of Parliament 4. He made his words good by his actions assumed and exercised a boundlesse and lawlesse Jurisdiction over the lives persons and estates of his Majesties Subjects procured judgement of death against a Peere of that Realme commanded another to be hanged this was accordingly executed both in times of high Peace without any processe or colour of Law 5. By force for a long time he seised the yarne and flax of the Subjects to the starving and undoing of many thousands besides the Tobacco businesse and many Monopolies and unlawfull Taxes forced a new Oath not to dispute his Majesties royall commands determined mens estates at his owne will and pleasure upon paper Petitions to himselfe forced Obedience to these not onely by Fines and Imprisonment but likewise by the Army sessed Souldiers upon the refusers in a hostile manner 6. Was an Incendiary of the warre betweene the two Kingdomes of England and Scotland My Lords we shall leave it to your Lordships Judgements whether these words Counsells and Actions would not have beene a sufficient Evidence to have proved an Inditement drawne up against him as those before mentioned and many others are That they were spoken and done to the intent to withdraw the Kings heart from the people and the affections of the people from the King that they might leave the King and afterwards rise up against him to the destruction of the King if so here is a compassing of the Kings death within the words of the Statute of the five and twentieth yeare of Edward the third and that warranted by many former judgements My Lords I have now done with the three Treasons within the The fourth generall Head Statute of the five and twentieth of Edward the third I proceed to the fourth upon the Statute of the eighteenth yeare of Henry the sixt Chapter the third in Ireland I shall make bold to read the words to your Lordships That no Lord nor any other of what condition soever he be shall bring or lead hoblers kerves or hooded men nor any other people nor horses to lie on horseback or on foot upon the Kings Subjects without their good wills and consent but upon their owne costs and without hurt doing to the Commons and if any so doe he shall be judged as Traitor 1. The Argument that hath been made concerning the Person That it extends not to the King and therefore not to him weighs nothing with your Lordships Rex non habet in regne parem from the greatnesse of his office to argue himselfe into the same impossibility with his sacred Majesty of being uncapable of High-Treason it 's an Offence no reason The words in the Statute No Lord nor any other of what condition soever he be includes every Subject In Trinity Terme in the three and thirtieth yeare of Henry the eighth in the Kings Bench Leonard Lord Gray having immediately before been Lord Deputy of Ireland is attainted of High-Treason and judgement given against him for letting divers Rebels out of the Castle of Dublin and discharging Irish hostages and pledges that had been given for securing the Peace for not punishing one that said the King was an Heretique I have read the whole Record ther 's not one thing laid to his charge but was done by him as Lord Leivetenant Hee had the same Plea with my Lord of Strafford That these things were no adhering to the Kings Enemies but were done for reasons of State That he was not within those words of the Statute of the five and twentieth yeare of Edward the third himselfe being Lord Lievtenant there they cost his life Obj. 2. It hath been said That the Souldiers sessed upon the Subjects by him were not such persons as are intended by that Statute Hoblers Kerves and hoodedmen these rascall people Answ My Lords they were the names given to the Souldiary of those times Hoblers horsemen the other the foot but the words of the Statute goe further Nor any other people neither horse nor foot his Lordship sessed upon them both horse and foot Object 3. The Statute extends only to them that leade or bring Savill led them my Lord onely gave the warrant Answ To that I shall say onely thus plus peccat author quam actor by the rule of Law agentes consentientes pari plectuntur panâ if consent much more a command to doe it makes the commander a Traitor If there bee any Treason within this Statute my Lord of Strafford is guilty It hath been therefore said That this Statute like Goliah's sword hath been wrapt up in a cloth and laid behind the doore that it hath never been put in execution Answ My Lords if the Clerk of the Crown in Ireland had certified your Lordships that upon search of the Judgements of Attainders in Ireland he could not finde that any man had been attainted upon this Statute your Lordships had had some ground to believe it yet it is onely my Lord of Straffords affirmation Besides your Lordships know that an act of
First in respect of the end of it here was a warre against the King It was to subvert the Lawes This being the designe for the effecting of it he assumed to his own person an arbitrary power over the lives liberties and estates of his Majesties Subjects and determined Causes upon paper petitions at his own will and pleasure obedience must be forced by the Army this declared by the Warrant 2 My Lords if it be said That the Warrant expresseth not any intent of subverting the Lawes It expresseth fully one of the principall meanes whereby this was to be done that is obedience to his arbitrary orders upon paper petitions this was done in reference to the maine designe In the Cases of the Towne of Cambridge and Sr. William Cogan that have formerly been cited to your Lordships upon other occasions the things in themselves were not Treason they were not a levying of Warre In that of Cambridge the Town met together and in a forcible manner broke up the University treasury and tooke out of it the Records and Evidence of the liberties of the Vniversity over the Town In the other they of Bridgewater marched to the Hospitall and compelled the Master of the Hospitall to deliver unto them certaine Evidences that concerned the Towne and forced him to enter into a bond of two hundred pound These if done upon these private ends alone had not been Treason as appeares by the very words of the Statute of 25. Edw. 3. before mentioned of marching openly or secretly But my Lords these of Cambridge and Bridgewater they were of the conspiracy with the villaines as appeares in the Parliament Roll of the first yeare of Richard the second number the one and thirtieth and two and thirtieth where the Towns of Cambridge and Bridgewater are expresly excepted out of the generall pardon made to the Villaines This being done in Reference to that designe of the villaines of altering the Lawes this was that which made it Treason If the designe went no further then the enforcing obedience to these paper orders made by himselfe It was sufficient it was to subvert one fundamentall part of the Lawes nay in effect the whole Law what use of Law if he might order and determine of mens estates at his own pleasure This was against the Law notoriously declared in Ireland In the close roll in the Tower in the five and twentieth yeere of Ed. 1. a Writ went to the Justices in Ireland that Kingdome at that time was governed by Justices declaring that upon petitions they were not to determine any titles betweene party and party upon any pretence of profit whatsoever to the King 6 In the eight and twentieth yeare of Henry the sixt the second Chapter Suites in equity not before the Deputy but in Chancery Suits at Common Law not before him but in Cases of life in the Kings Bench for title of land or goods in the proper Courts of the Common pleas or Kings Bench. This declared in the Instructions for Ireland in the latter end of King James his time and by the Proclamation in his Majesties time my Lord took notice of them called the Commissioners narrow-hearted Commissioners The Law said he should not thus proceed in subversion of it he saith he will and will enforce obedience by the Army This is as much in respect of the end as to endeavour the overthrow of the Statutes of Laborers of victuals or of Merton for Inclosures Here is a warre against the King in respect of the end 2. In respect of the Actions whether there be either a levying of war or an open deed or both My Lords there was an Army in Ireland at that time of two thousand horse and foot by this Warrant there is a full designation of this whole Army and an Assignement of it over unto Savill for this purpose The Warrant gives him power from time to time to take as many souldiers horse and foot with an Officer throughout the whole Army as himselfe shall please heere is the terrour and awe of the whole Army to enforce obedience My Lords if the Earle had armed two thousand men horse and foot and formed them into companies to this end your Lordships would have conceived that this had been a war It 's as much as in the case of Sir Thomas Talbot who armed them in assemblies This is the same with a breach of trust added to it That Army was first raised and afterwards committed to his trust for defence of the people is now destined by him to their destruction This assignation of the Army by his Warrant under his hand seale is an open Act. 2. My Lords heer 's not onely an open act done but a levying of war souldiers both horse and foot with an Officer in warlike manner sessed upon the subject which killed their Cattell consumed and wasted their goods Ob. O but five or sixe were the most imployed at any time a mighty warre of six men scarce a Ryot Ans Your Lordships observe a great difference where six single men goe upon a designe alone and when sent from an Army of six hundred all engaged in the same service so many were sent as were sufficient to execute the command if upon a poore man fewer more upon a rich if the six had not beene able the whole Army must make it good the reason that the Sheriffe alone or but with one Bayliffe to doe execution is because he hath command of the Law the Kings Writ and the posse Comitatus in case of Resistance heer 's the warrant of the Generall of an Army heer 's the possâ— exercitus the power of the Army under this awe of the whole Army six may force more then sixty without it and although never above six in one place yet in the severall parts of the Kingdome at the same time might be above sixty for sessing of souldiers was frequent it was the ordinary course for execution of his orders The Lord Lievtenant of a County in England hath a designe to alter the Lawes and government nay admit the design goes not so high he onely declares thus much that he will order the freeholds and the estates of the Inhabitants of the County at his owne will and pleasure and doth accordingly proceed upon paper petitions foreseeing there will be disobedience he grants out warrants under his hand and seale to the deputy Lievtenants and Captaines of the traine bands that upon refusall they shall take such number of the traine bands thorow the County with Officers as they shall think good and lay them upon the lands and houses of the refusers Souldiers in a warlike manner are frequently sessed upon them accordingly Your Lordships doe conceive that this is a levying of Warre within the Statute The Case in question goes further in these two respects 1 That it is more against the declared Law in Ireland not only against the Common Law but likewise against the Statute of the eight and
same Parliament of the five and thirtieth yeere of Edward the first where the writs went to the Treasurer and Barons of the Exchequer Sometimes they gave judgement here in Parliament and commanded the Judges there in Ireland to doe execution as in the great case of Partition betweene the copartners of the Earle Marshall in the Parliament of the 33. yeere of Edward the first where the writ was awarded to the Treasurer of Ireland My Lords The Lawes of Ireland were introduced by the Parliaments of England as appeares by three Acts of Parliament before cited It is of higher jurisdiction dare Leges then to judge by them The Parliaments of England doe binde in Ireland if Ireland be particularly mentioned as is resolved in the Book case of the first yeere of Henry the seventh Cokes seventh Report Calvins case and by the Judges in Trinity Terme in the three and thirtieth yeere of Queene Elizabeth The Statute of the eighth yeere of Edward the fourth the first Chapter in Ireland recites that it was doubted amongst the judges whether all the English Statutes though not naming Ireland were in force there if named no doubt From King Henry the third his time downward to the eighth yeere of Queene Elizabeth by which statute it is made felony to carry sheepe from Ireland beyond seas in almost all these Kings reignes there be statutes made concerning Ireland The exercising of the Legislative power there over their lives and estates is higher then of the Judiciall in question Vntill the nine and twentieth yeere of Edward the third erroneous judgements given in Ireland were determinable no where but in England no not in the Parliaments of Ireland as it appeares in the close rolls in the Tower In the nine and twentieth yeere of Ed. the third mem 12. Power to examine and reverse erroneous judgements in the Parliaments of Ireland is granted from hence Writs of errour lie in the Parliament here upon erroneous judgements after that time given in the Parliaments of Ireland as appeares in the Parliament rolls of the eighth yeere of Henry the sixth membra 70. in the case of the Prior of Lenthan It is true the case is not determined there for it 's the last thing that came into the Parliament and could not be determined for want of time but no exception at all is taken to the jurisdiction The Acts of Parliament made in Ireland have been confirmed in the Parliaments of England as appeares by the close rolls in the Tower in the 42. yeere of Edward the 3. membra 20. dorso where the Parliament in Ireland for the preservation of the Countrey from the Irish who had almost destroyed it made an Act that all the land-owners that were English should reside upon their lands or else they were to be forfeited this was here confirmed In the Parliament of the 4. yeere of H. the 5. chap. 6. Acts of Parliament in Ireland are confirmed and some privileges of the Peeres in the Parliaments there are regulated Power to repeale Irish Statutes power to confirme them cannot be by the Parliament here if it hath not cognizance of their Parliaments unlesse it besaid That the Parliament may doe it knowes not what Garnesey and Jersey are under the Kings subjection but are not parcels of the Crown of England but of the dutchy of Normandy they are not governed by the lawes of England as Ireland is and yet Parliaments in England have usually held plea of and determined all causes concerning land or goods In the Parliament of 33. E. 1. there be placita de Insula Iernesey and so in the Parliament 14. E. 2. and so for Normandy and Gascoyne and alwayes as long as any part of France was in subjection to the Crown of England there were at the beginning of Parliaments receivers and tryers of petitions for those parts appointed I beleeve your Lordships will have no cases shewed of any plea to the jurisdiction of the Parliaments of England in any thing done in any parts wheresoever in subjection to the Crown of England The last thing I shall offer to your Lordships is the case of 19. El. in my Lord Dyer 306. and Judge Comptons book of the jurisdiction of Courts fol. 23. The opinion of both these books is that an Irish Peere is not triable here It 's true a Scotish or French Nobleman is triable here as a common person the Law takes no notice of their Nobility because those Countryes are not governed by the Lawes of England but Ireland being governed by the same Lawes the Peeres there are triable according to the Law of England onely per pares By the same reason the Earle of Strafford not being a peere of Ireland is not triable by the Peeres of Ireland so that if he be not triable here he is triable no where My Lords In case there be a Treason and a Traitor within the statute and that he be not triable here for it in the ordinary way of judicatory if that jurisdiction failes this by way of Bill doth not Attainders of Treason in Parliament are as legall as usuall by Act of Parliament as by Judgement I have now done with the statutes of 25. E. 3 and 18. H. 6. My Lord of Strafford hath offended against both the Kingdomes and is guilty of high Treason by the Lawes of both 5 My Lords In the fifth place I am come to the Treasons at the common Law the endevouring to subvert the fundamentall Lawes and government of the Kingdome and to introduce an arbitrary and tyrannycall government In this I shall not at all labour to prove that the endevouring by words counsells and actions to subvert the Lawes is treason at the common Law if there be any common-Law-treasons at all left nothing treason if this not to make a Kingdome no Kingdome take the politie and government away England's but a peece of earth wherein so many men have their commorancy and abode without rancks or distinction of men without property in any thing further then possession no Law to punish the murdering or robbing one another That of 33 H. 8. of introducing the Imperiall Law sticks not with your Lordships It was in case of an appeal to Rome These appeals in cases of marriages and other causes counted Ecclesiasticall had been frequent had in most Kings reignes been tollerated some in times of popery put a conscience upon them the statutes had limitted the penally to a Premunire only Neither was that a totall subversion only an appeal from the Ecclesiasticall Court here in a single cause to the Court at Rome and if treason or not that case proves not a treason may be punished as a felony a felony as a trespasse if his Majesty so please the greater includes the lesser In the case of Premunire in the Irish reports that which is there declared to be treason proceeded upon onely as a Premunire The thing most considerable in this is whether the treasons at common Law be taken
Lordships the things they took into their Consideration in respect of the matter and merits of the Cause They are comprehended within these six heads 1. That there is a treason within the Statute of 25. E. 3. by Levying of warre upon the matter of the fifteenth Article 2. If not by actuall levying of war yet by advising and declaring his intention of war and that by Savils warrant and the advice of bringing over the Irish army upon the matter in the 23 Article The intending of a Warre if not within the Clause of Levying Warre in the statute of 25. E. 3. yet within the first treason of compassing the death of the King 3. If neither of these two single Acts be within the Statute of 25. E. 3. yet upon putting all together which hath been proved against him That ther 's a Treason within the first clause of compassing the death of the King Et si non prosunt singula juncta juvant 4. That he hath sessed and laid Souldiers upon the Subjects of Ireland against their will and at their Charge within the Irish Statute of the eighteenth yeare of Henry the sixt That both person and thing are within the Statute That the statute remaines in force to this day That the Parliament here hath Cognizance of it And that even in the ordinary way of Judicature that if there be a Treason and a Traitor that the want of jurisdiction in the Judicall way may justly be supplied by Bill 5. That his endeavouring to subvert the fundamentall Lawes and Governement of the Realmes of England and Ireland and instead thereof to introduce a tyrannicall Government against Law is Treason by the Common law That Treasons at the Common Law are not taken away by the Statutes of 25. E. 3. 1. H. 4. c. 10. 1. Mar. c. 1. nor any of them 6. That as this Case stands It 's just and necessary to resort to the Supreame power in Parliament in case all the rest should faile Of these six five of them are Treason within the Compasse of the Lawes already established Three within the Statute of 25. E. 3. One within the Irish Statute the other by the Common Law of England If but any one of these six Considerations hold The Commons conceive that upon the whole matter they had good cause to passe the Bill My Lords for the first of levying Warre I shall make bold to read the Case to your Lordships before I speak to it it 's thus The Earle did by warrant under his hand and Seale give authority to Robert Savill a Serjeant at Arms and his Deputies to sesse such number of Souldiers horse and foot of the Army in Ireland together with an officer as the Serjeant should think fit upon his Majesties Subjects of Ireland against their will This warrant was granted by the Earle to the end to compell the Subjects of Ireland to submit to the unlawfull Summons and orders made by the Earle upon paper Petitions exhibited unto him in case of private Interest betweene party and party This warrant was executed by Savill and his Deputies by sessing of Souldiers both horse and foot upon divers of the Subjects of Ireland against their will in warlike manner and at divers times the Souldiers continued upon the parties upon whom they were sessed and wasted their goods until such time as they had submitted themselves unto those Summons and orders My Lords This is a levying of warre within the statute of 250. E. 3. The words of the Statute are If any man doe levy warre against our Lord the King in his Realm this is declared to be Treason I shall indeavour in this to make it appeare to your Lordships 1 What shall be a levying of Warre in respect of the motive or cause of it 2 What shall be said a levying of warre in respect of the Action orthing done 3 And in the third place I shall apply them to the present Case It will be granted in this of levying of warre That forces may be raised and likewise used in a war-like manner and yet no levying of warre within the Statute that is when the forces are raised and imployed upon private ends either of revenge or interest Before this Statute in E. 1. time The Title of a Castle was in difference between the Earles of Hereford and Gloster for the mainetaining of the possession on the one side and gayning of it on the other Forces were raised on either side of many hundred men they marched with Banners displayed one against the other In the Parliament in the 20. yeere of Edw. 1. this adjudged onely trespasse and either of the Earles fined 1000. markes a peece After the Statute in Hillary Terme the fiftieth yeere of Edward the third in the Kings Bench Rot. 3. Nicholas Huntercome in a war-like manner with 40 men armed amongst other weapons with Gunnes so ancient as appeares by that Record they were did much spoyle in the Mannour of the Abbee of Dorchester in the County of Oxford This no Treason So it hath beene held by the Judges that if one or more Townships upon pretence of saving their Commons doe in a forcible and war-like manner throw in Inclosures This is only a Riot no Treason The words of the Statute of 25. Edw. 3. cleare this Point that if any man ride armed openly or secretly with men at Armes against any other to kill and robbe or to detaine him untill he hath made fine and ransome for his deliverance this is declared not to be Treason but Fellony or Trespasse as the case shall require all the printed Statuts which have it covertly or secretly are mis printed for the words in the Parliament Roll as appeares n. 17. are Discovertment ou secreretment openly or secretly So that my Lords in this of levying warre the Act is not so much to be considered but as in all other Treasons and Fellonies quo animo with what intent and purpose Obj. My Lords If the end be considerable in levying warre it may be said that it cannot be a Treason warre unlesse against the King For the words of the statute are If any man levy warre against the King Ans That these words extend further then to the Person of the King appears by the words of the Statute which in the begining declares it to be Treason to compasse imagine the Kings death and after other Treasons this is to be declared to be Treason to levy war against the King If the levying of war extend no further then to the person of the King these words of the Statute are to no purpose for then the first Treason of compassing the Kings death had fully included it before because that he which levies war against the person of the King doth necessarily compasse his death It s a warre against the King when intended for alteration of the Lawes or Government in any part of them or to destroy any of the great Officers of the Kingdome This is
being asked by those he spake to how he durst maintaine so bloody an assertion he answered that the matter was not so haynous as was supposed for the King who is the lesser is concluded by the Pope who is the greater and as a Malefactor being condemned before a Temporall Judge may bee delivered over to bee Executed so the King standing convicted by the Popes sentence of excommunication may justly be slaughtered without fault for the killing of the King is the execution of the Popes supreame sentence as the other is the execution of the Law for this judgement of High Treason was given against him and execution done My Lords here is no cleere intent appearing that Owen desired the thing should bee done only Arguments that it might be done This is a compassing there is a cleere Endeavour to corrupt the judgement to take off the bonds of conscience the greatest security of the Kings life God forbid saith one of better judgement than he That I should stretch out my hand against the Lords annointed no saith he the Lord doth not forbid it you may for these reasons lawfully kill the King Hee that denies the Title to the Crown and plots the meanes of setting it upon another head may doe this without any direct or immediate desiring the death of him that then weares it yet this is Treason as was adjudged in 10. Henry 7. in the case of Burton and in the Duke of Norfolks case 13. Elizabeth This is a compassing of his death for there can no more be two Kings in one Kingdome than two Suns in the Firmament he that conceives a title counts it worth ventring for though it cost him his life he that is in possession thinks it as well worth the keeping Iohn Sparhauke in King Henry the fourths time meeting two men upon the way amongst other talk said that the King was not rightfull King but the Earle of March and that the Pope would grant indulgencies to all that would assist the Earles title and that within halfe a yeree there would be no Liveries nor Conizances of the King that the King had not kept promise with the people but had layd taxes upon them In Easter Terme in the third yeere of Henry the fourth in the Kings Bench Rot. 12. this adjudged Treason This denying the title with motives though but implyedly of Action against it adjudged Treason this is a compassing the Kings death How this was a compassing the Kings death is declared in the reasons of the judgement That the words were spoken with an intent to withdraw the affections of the people from the King and to excite them against the King that in the end they might rise up against him in mortem destructionem of the King My Lords in this Judgement and others which I shall cite to your Lordships It appeares that it is a compassing the Kings death by words to indeavour to draw the peoples hearts from the King to set discord betweene the King and them whereby the people should leave the King should rise up against him to the death and destruction of the King The cases that I shall cite prove not onely that this is Treason but what is sufficient evidence to make this good Upon a Commission held the 18. yeere of Edw. 4. in Kent before the Marquesse of Dorset and others an Inditement was preferred against John Awater of High-Treason in the forme before mentioned for words which are entred in the enditement sub hac forma That he had beene servant to the Earle of Warwicke that though he were dead the Earle of Oxford was alive and should have the government of part of the Countrey That Edward whom you call King of England was a false man and had by art and subtlety slaine the Earle of Warwicke and the Duke of Clarence his brother without any cause who before had beene both of them attainted of High-Treason My Lords this Inditement was returned into the Kings Bench in Trinity Tearme in the eighteenth yeere of Edward the fourth and in Easter Tearme in the two and twentieth yeere of Edward the fourth he was outlawed by the stay of the outlawry so long it seemes the Judges had well advised before whether it were Treason or not At the same Session Thomas Hober was indited of Treason for these words That the last Parliament was the most simple and insufficient Parliament that ever had beene in England That the King was gone to live in Kent because that for the present he had not the love of the Citizens of London nor should he have it for the future That if the Bishop of Bath and Wels were dead the Archbishop of Canterbury being Cardinall of England would immediately lose his head This inditement was returned into the Kings Bench in Trinity Tearme in the eighteenth yeere of Edward the fourth Afterwards there came a Privy Seale to the Judges to respit the proceedings which as it should seeme was to the intent the Judges might advise of the Case for afterwards he is outlawed of high-Treason upon this inditement These words were thought sufficient evidence to prove these severall Inditements That they were spoken to withdraw the peoples affection from the King to excite them against him to cause risings against him by the people in mortem destructionem of the King Your Lordships are pleased to consider that in all these Cases the Treason was for words onely words by private persons and in a more private manner but once spoken and no more onely amongst the people to excite them against the King My Lords here are words Counsels more than words and actions too not onely to dis-affect the people to the King but the King likewise towards the people not once but often not in private but in places most publique not by a private person but by a Counsellor of State a Lord Lieutenant a Lord President a Lord Deputy of Ireland 1 To his Majesty That the Parliament had denied to supply him a slander upon all the Commons of England in their affections to the King and Kingdome in refusing to yeeld timely supply for the necessities of King and Kingdome 2 From thence That the King was loose and absolved from rules of government and was to doe every thing that power would admit My Lords more cannot be said they cannot be aggravated whatever I should say would be in diminution 3 Thence You have an Army in Ireland you may imploy to reduce this Kingdome To counsell a King not to love his people is very unnaturall it goes higher to hate them to malice them in his heart the highest expressions of malice to destroy them by warre These coales they were cast upon his Majesty they were blowne they could not kindle in that brest Thence my Lords having done the utmost to the King hee goes to the people At York the Country being meâ— together for Justice at the open Assizes upon the Bench he tels them speaking of the