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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	king_n	lord_n	say_a	4,832	5	7.2464	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A30617	The soveraignty of the British seas proved by records, history, and the municipall lawes of this kingdome / written in the yeare 1633, by that learned knight, Sr John Boroughs ...	Borough, John, Sir, d. 1643.	1651 (1651)	Wing B6129; Wing B3774_CANCELLED; ESTC R10587	24,855	175

the Kings of England had then been in peaceable possession of the sayd Dominion of the sayd Sea of England by immemorable prescription Secondly that the Soveraignty belonged unto them not because they were Domini utriusque ripae as when they had both England and Normandy and so were Lords of both shoares For Edward the First at this time had not Normandy but that it is inseparably appendant and annexed unto the Kingdome of England our Kings being superiour Lords of the said Sea by reason as the said Record speaketh of the sayd Kingdomes Thirdly onely the Kings of England had power to make Lawes and exercise supreame Jurisdiction over all persons and in all causes within the sayd Sea and in their absence to the Masters of their said Ships onely appertaineth Fourthly That the King of France could not make an Admirall in that Sea without doing wrong to the King of England but that it was an usurpation upon his right Lastly that all this was affirmed and acknowledged by the Agents of most part of Christendome being strangers to the Crown of England Surely I beleeve no Prince in the world can produce clearer evidence for any part of his estate then the King of England by this Record can doe for his Soveraignty and exclusive Jurisdiction in the Sea of England Yet for further declaration hereof I will adde certain others of succeeding times in affirmance of that above mentioned The first whereof is that of King Edward 3. being an Article amongst others upon which the Kings Justices were to be advised with all the title of the Record being as followeth Articuli super quibus Justiciarii Domini nostri Regis sunt consulendi Item ad finem quod resumatur continuetur ad subditorum prosecutionem forma procedendi quondam ordinata inchoata per Avum Dominum nostruns Regis ejus Concilium ad restituendum conservandum antiquam superioritatem Maris Angliae jus officii Admirallatus in eodem quod corrigendum leges statuta per ejus Antecessores Angliae Reges du dum ordinata ad conserv an dum pacem justitiam inter omnes Gentes Nationis cujuscunque per mare Angliae transeuntes ad cognoscendum super omnibus in contrarium attemptatis in eodem ad puniendum delinquentes damna parti satisfaciendum Quae quidem leges statuta per Dominum Richardum quondam Regem Angliae in redditu suo à terra sancta correcta fuerunt interpretata declarata Insula de Olleron publicata nominata in Gallica lingua Lay loy Olleron In this Record as in the former the ancient right of the King of Englands superiority in the Seas of England and the large extent thereof is clearely specified but especially in the conclusion wee may observe to the great glory of our English Nation that the famous Lawes of Olleron which after the Rhodian Lawes were antinquated and absolete have now well neare 500. yeares been received by all the Christian world for regulating Sea affaires and deciding Maritime controversies were first declared by King Richard the first a King of England at his returne from the Holy land and by him caused to bee published in the Isle of Olleron then belonging to the Dutchy of Aquitane and thereupon and from that Island tooke their name which they yet retaine and this is the more worthy of note because untill this Record being lately found was produced the most learned Lawyers and Antiquaries of our times were altogether ignorant by whom those Lawes were ordained and why they were so called To the same purpose and effect is this originall in French but expressed here in English Item to the end that having seen and considered the formes of proceeding and Letters ordained by the Counsell of our sayd Lord Grandfather to the King for them and the sayd Nation of England to recover and retaine the sayd Subjects Assistants and Allies and to cause redresse to be made unto them for all damages done to them on Sea and Land during the said Truce Peace and Confederation and against the forme of the same by the said French their Assistants and Allies and to shew the clamour of the people for the said dis-inheritance and the damages which by reason of such clamour might happen and especially to retaine the Soveraignty which his Ancestors the Kings of England used to have in the sayd Sea of England as touching the ancient declaration and interpretation of Lawes by them made to governe all manner of people passing through the sayd Sea And first to his Admirall and Masters and Marriners of the Ships of the Cinque Ports of England of all other Lands annexed to the Crowne of England belonging to his Army in the said Sea the like formes of proceedings and letters be henceforth observed with all such amendment as may be ordained by the said Consells of our said Lord the King to the profit and honour of him And moreover the Record following sheweth how much that great King Edward the third held himselfe in honour bound not to suffer the dominion of the Sea to be lost or impaired in his time but especially wee are in it to observe that the Kings of England were anciently as now Domini Anglicani circumquaque Lords of the Seas environing England for so the words of the Record are Rex dilecto fideli suo Galfrido de Say Admirallo flotae suae naevium ab ore aquae Thamisiae versus partes Occidentales salutem Cum nuper nos animadvertentes quod Progenitores nostrûm Reges Angliae Domini Maris Anglicatani circumquaque etiam defensores contra hostium invasiones ante haec tempora extiterunt Et plurimum nos taederet si honor noster regius in defensione hujusmodi armis quod absit depereat temporibus nostris aut in aliquo minuatur c. Mandamus vobis quod statim visis presentibus et absque ulteriori dilatione naves portuum praedictorum alias naves quae jam paratae existunt super mare tene atis And first to the practique proofe of this Dominion and Superioritie in all succeeding times what can be more pertinent and materiall then to shew That the Kings of England successively have had the Soveraigne guard of the Seas That they have imposed taxes and tributes upon all Ships passign and fishing therein That they have stoped and opened the passage thereof to strangers as they saw cause That all wrecks and and Royall fishes therein found are originally due and doe belong unto them Every of which particulars the testimonies following will amply manifest As touching therefore the guard of the Seas It is apparent by the Records of Parliament and by the printed bookes of Statutes that Tomage and Poundage were granted as for other reasons so especially and all waies for enabling the King to guard the Seas And accordingly divers admiralls from time to time were constituted

by their Subjects contrary to the peace formerly made between them at Paris before which the Commissioners the Agents or Procurators as the Record nameth them for the Maritime coasts of the greatest part of the Christian world of Genoa Spain Germany Holland Zealand Freezland Denmarke and Norway made this remarkable acknowledgment and declaration following which out of the old French of that time I have rendred into English the title whereof is thus in Latine De superioritate Maris Angliae jure officii Admirallatus in codem To our Lords Auditors deputed by the Kings of England of France to redresse the damages done to the people of their Kingdoms and of other Territories subject to their Dominions by sea and by land in time of peace and truce The Procurators of the Prelates Nobles and Admirall of the sea of England and of the Comminalties of Cities and Townes and of Merchants Marriners Messengers Pilgrims and of all other of the said Kingdome of England and the Territories subject to the Dominions of the sayd King of England and of other places as of the Sea-coasts of Genoa Cataloigna Spaine Almaigne Zealand Holland Freezland Denmarke and Norway and of divers other places of the Empire doe shew That whereas the Kings of England by reason of the sayd Kingdome from time whereof there is no memory to the contrary have been in peaceable possession of the Dominion of the Sea of England and of the Isles being in the same in making and establishing Lawes and Statutes and restraints of Armes and of Ships otherwise furnished then to ships of merchandize appertaineth and in taking suretie and affording safeguard in all cases where need shall be in ordering of all other things necessary for maintaining of Peace Right and Equity amongst all manner of people as well of other Dominions as of their owne passing through the said Seas and the Soveraign guard thereof and in doing Justice Right and Law according to the said Lawes Ordinances and Restraints and in all other things which may appertaine to the exercise of soveraigne dominion in the places aforsayd And A. de B. Admirall of the Sea deputed by the King of England and all other Admiralls ordained by the sayd King of England had been in peaceable possession of the soveraigne guard with the cognizance of Justice and all other the appurtenances aforesayd except in case of Appeale and of complaint made of them to their Soveraignes the Kings of England in default of Justice and for evill Judgement and especially in making Restraints doing of Justice and taking surety of the peace of all manner of people using Armes in the said Sea and carrying Ships otherwise furnished and set forth then to Merchants Ships appertaineth and in all other points where a man may have reasonable cause to suspect them of Robbery or of other misdemeanours And whereas the Masters of the ships of the sayd Kingdome of England in the absence of the sayd Admirall hath been in peaceable possession of taking Cognizance and judging all actions done in the sayd Sea betweene all manner of people according to the said lawes Statutes restraints and customes And whereas in the said first Article of confederation lately made betweene the said Kings in the treatie upon the last peace at Paris are comprised the words which follow in a Schedule annexed to these presents First it is estreated and accorded betweene us and the messengers and Procurators aforesaid in the names of the said Kings That the said Kings shall from this time forward be one to the other good true and loyall friends and ayding against all men save the Church of Rome in such manner as if any one or more whatsoever they be would disinherit hinder or molest the said Kings in the Franchises liberties priviledges rights dueties customes of them and of their Kingdomes they shall bee good and loyall friends and ayding against all men that may live and die to defend keepe and maintaine the Franchises liberties priviledges rights duties and customes abovesaid except to the King of England Mounsieur Iohn Duke of Brabant in Brabant and his heires descended of him and of the daughter of the King of England and except to our foresaid Lord the King of France the excellent Prince Mounsieur Dubart King of Almaigne and Mounsieur Iohn Earle of Anhault in Anhault and that the one shall not be of Counsell or ayding where the other may lose life member estate or temporali honour Mounsieur Reyner Grimbald master of the said Navy of the said King of France who names himselfe Admirall of the said Sea deputed by his Lord aforesaid in his warre against the Flemmings after the said confederation made established and against the forme and force of the said confederation and the intention of them that made it wrongfully assumed the office of the admiraltie in the said Sea of England by the commission of the King of France and used the same one year more taking the people and Merchants of the kingdome of England and of other places passing through the said Sea with their goods delivered the people so taken to the prison of the said Lord the King of France in the Ports of his said kingdome as to him forfeited and accrewing And the taking and detayning of the said people with their said goods and Merchandise as also his said judgement and award hath justified before the Lords Auditors in writing by vertue of the authoritie of his said commission of the Admiraltie aforesaid by himselfe usurped and during a restraint generally made by the King of England by reason of his power and according to the forme of their articles of the confederation aforesaid which conteineth the words underwritten requiring that he might be acquitted and absolved of the same to the great dammage and prejudice of the King of England the Prelates Nobles and others above named Wherefore the said procurators in the names of their said Lords doe pray your Lordships Auditors aforesaid that you cause due and speedie deliverie of the said people with their goods and Merchandise so taken and detained to be made to the Admirall of the said King of England to whom the Cognizance of the same of right appertaineth as is before expressed So that without the disturbance of you or any other hee may take Cognizance therof and to doe that which appertaineth to his office aforesaid And the said Mounsieur Reyner Grimbald bee condemned and constrained to make satisfaction to all the said parties dampnifyed so far forth as hee shall be able and in his default his said Lord the King of France by whom he was deputed in the said Office And that after due satisfaction made to the parties dampnified the said Mounsieur Reyner bee so duly punished for the violation of the sayd confederation that his punishment may bee an example to others in time to come In the Record these memorable points are to be observed First That

protection allowed before this day But afterwards an expresse writ came out of the Chauncerie commanding the protection to be allowed A child borne upon the Kings Seas is not an Alien by the common law Tempore Edw. 1. a replevin was brought of a Ship taken upon the wast of Scarborough on the sea and from thence carried into the Countie of Norfolke to which Mutford tooke two exceptions one because no certaine Towne or place was named from whence the visne should come for the wast extendeth foure leagues Secondly because of a thing done upon the Sea this Court cannot have cognizance To which Justice Beresford said that the king will that peace be kept as well upon the Sea as upon the land and we finde that you are come in upon due proces and so no cause but that you should make answer Doctor and Student saith that the king is Lord of the narrow Seas as bound to scowre the sea of Pirates and petty Robbers and therefore shall have wreck of the sea By the common Law the King shall have Flostan Jestan and Ligan Flostan being such Goods as after shipwrack doe floate upon the superficies of the water Jestan are all manner of goods that the Marriners being in danger do cast out of the ship perished By Ligan is understood all things that are ponderous and in shipwrack doe sinke to the ground and bottome of the sea By all which presidents it is manifest that by the common Law of the land the king is proprietory Lord of our seas that the seas of England are under the legeance of the king that the king is the soveraigne conservator of the peace as well upon the sea as land That not onely things floating on the superficies of the water but such as lye upon the soile or ground thereof belong properly unto the king whereupon I conclude That Rex Maris imperio Dominio et fundo possidet And that it may appeare how great a King the King of England is by reason of this his soveraignty and dominion it will not bee amisse to take a view of the inestimable riches and commodities which besides ourselves other nations our neighbours doe daily reape especially by fishing in our seas insomuch that no Christian Prince of the world is Lord of any Territory that considering all circumstances yeeldeth the like constant and generall benefit for proofe whereof I will briefly set downe such observations as others have heretofore made and we our selves find by daily experience to be true beyond all exception The inestimable Riches and Commodities of the Brittish Seas THE Coasts of Great Brittaine doe yeeld such a continuall Sea-harvest of gaine and benefit to all those that with diligence doe labour in the same that no time or season in the yeare passeth in the yeare passeth away without some apparent meanes of profitable imployment especially to such as apply themselves to fishing which from the beginning of the yeare unto the latter end continueth upon some part or other upon our Coasts and therein such infinite shoales and multitudes of fishes are offered to the takers as may justly move admiration not only to strangers but to those that daily bee imployed amongst them The Summer fishing for herring begineth about Midsommer and lasteth some part of August The winter fishing for herring lasteth from September to the midst of November both which extend in place from Boughones in Scotland to the Thames mouth The fishing for Cod at Alamby Wirlington and White haven neare the coast of Lancashire from Easter untill Whitsontide The fishing for Hake at Aberdeny Abveswhich and other places betweene Wales and Ireland from Whitsontide to Saint Iames tide The fishing of Cod and Ling about Padstow within the land and of Severne from Christmas to Midlent The fishing for Cod on the West part of Ireland frequented by those of Biscay Galicia and Portugall from the beginning of Aprill untill the end of Iune The fishing for Cod and Linge on the North and Northeast of Ireland from Christmas untill Michealmas The fishing for Pilchers on the west coast of England from St. Iames tide untill Michaelmas The fishing for Cod and Ling upon the Northeast of England from Easter untill Midsommer The fishing of great Staple Ling and many other sorts of fish lying about the Ilands of Scotland and in the severall parts of the Brittish Seas all the yeare long In September not many yeares since upon the Coast of Devonshire neare Minigall 500 Tonne of fish were taken in one day And about the same time three thousand pound worth of fish in one day were taken at St Ives in Cornew all by small boates and other poore provisions Our five-men-boats and cobles adventuring in a calme to launch out amongst the Holland Busses not far from Robin-hoods Bay returned to Whitby full fraught with herrings and reported that they saw some of those Busses take 10. 20. 24. lasts at a draught of herrings and returned into their owne Country with 40. 50. and 100. lasts of herrings in one Busse Our Fleete of colliers not many yeares since returning from Newcastle laden with coales about the well neare Flanborough head and Scarborough met with such multitudes of Cod Ling and herring that one amongst the rest with certaine shiphookes and other like Instruments drew up as much cod and Ling in a little space of time as were sold well neare for as much as her whole lading of coale And many hundred of ships might have bin there laden in two daies and two nights Out of which wonderfull affluence and abundance of fish swarming in our seas that wee may the better pereceive the infinite gaine which forraine Nations make I will especially insist upon the fishing of the Hollanders in our Coasts and thereby shew how by this meanes principally they have increased 1. In Shipping 2. In Marriners 3. In Trade 4. In Townes and Fortifications 5. In Power externe or abroade 6. In publique Revenue 7. In private wealth 8. In all manner of Provisions and store of things necessary 1. Encrease of Shipping BEsides 700. Strand boates 400. Evars and 400. Sullits Drivers and Todboates wherewith the Hollanders fish upon their owne coasts every one of those imploying another ship to fetch salt and carry their fish into other countries being in all 3000. saile maintaining and setting on worke at least 4000. persons Fishers Tradesmen Women and Children They have 100. Doyer boates of 150. Tunnes a peece or there abouts 700. Pincks and Well-boats from 60. to 100. Tuns a peece which altogether fish upon the coasts of England and Scotland for Cod and Ling onely And each of these employ another vessell for providing of salt and transporting of their Fish making in all 1600. ships which maintain and imploy persons of all sorts 4000. at least For the Herring season they have 1600. Busses at the least all of them fishing onely upon our coasts from Boughonnesse in Scotland to the mouth of Thames And