Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	king_n	lord_n	person_n	2,832	5	4.9191	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A59283	A treatise of mutilation and demembration divided into two parts : in the first whereof, the name and nature of these crimes ... : in the second part, the punishments of these crimes ... : and in both parts the civil law, and the law and customes of this and other nations are compared / by Sir Alexander Seaton ... ; by way of appendix to the fore-going book, written by ... George Mackenzie ...	Seton, Alexander, Sir, 1639?-1719.	1699 (1699)	Wing S2649; ESTC R6252	93,137	78

supreme_a court_n of_o saxony_n and_o with_o our_o practic_n for_o march_v 1671._o it_o be_v find_v after_o a_o most_o contentious_a debate_n that_o two_o boy_n the_o young_a whereof_o be_v not_o twelve_o year_n of_o age_n shall_v pass_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o inquest_n for_o assist_v in_o the_o company_n of_o 15_o arm_a man_n send_v by_o their_o father_n to_o demolish_v a_o house_n in_o the_o time_n of_o a_o storm_n whereof_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v in_o possession_n these_o thing_n i_o have_v the_o more_o insist_v on_o because_o they_o frequent_o occur_v as_o excuse_n and_o extenuation_n in_o process_n of_o mutilation_n and_o demembration_n 2._o the_o person_n whether_o consider_v as_o agent_n or_o patient_n make_v a_o great_a alteration_n in_o punishment_n d_o l_o aut_fw-la facta_fw-la 16_o §_o persona_fw-la 3_o ff_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi each_o may_v be_v consider_v under_o four_o head_n sex_n age_n state_n quality_n 1._o as_o to_o the_o sex_n the_o law_n deal_v more_o mild_o with_o woman_n than_o with_o man_n on_o the_o account_n of_o their_o infirmity_n both_o of_o body_n and_o mind_n l_o si_fw-la adulterium_fw-la 38_o §_o 7._o &_o 8_o ff_n ad_fw-la leg_n jul_n the_o adult_n l_o quisquis_fw-la 5._o §_o ad_fw-la filias_fw-la 3_o c_o add_v leg_n jul_n majest_n l_o sacrilegii_fw-la 6._o ff_n ad_fw-la leg_n jul_n peculat_v and_o when_o they_o be_v the_o person_n injure_v the_o law_n punish_v the_o delinquent_n with_o the_o great_a severity_n because_o they_o be_v the_o less_o able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o therefore_o albeit_o deformity_n in_o a_o man_n occasion_v by_o wound_v or_o mutilation_n do_v not_o augment_v the_o punishment_n farin_n de_fw-fr homicide_n insp_n 4_o q_o 119_o n_n 118._o yet_o the_o contrary_n be_v true_a when_o a_o virgin_n be_v thereby_o deform_v because_o in_o that_o case_n she_o need_v great_a tocher_n or_o portion_n farin_n loc_fw-la cit_fw-la de_fw-fr delict_n cap_n 6_o rubric_n de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr n_n 12._o vers_fw-la addi_fw-la tamen_fw-la farin_n d_o quaest_n n_o 119._o 2._o as_o to_o the_o age_n albeit_o minority_n do_v not_o procure_v impunity_n if_o the_o delinquent_n be_v such_o as_o for_o age_n may_v be_v doli_fw-la capax_fw-la l._n impunitas_fw-la 7_o c_o de_fw-mi poenis_fw-la mackenzie_n p._n 1_o tit_n 1_o n_n 5._o yet_o minority_n extenuat_v mackenzie_n loc_fw-la cit_fw-la because_o of_o the_o imbecility_n of_o judgement_n l_o si_fw-la ex_fw-la causa_fw-la 9_o §_o nunc_fw-la videndum_fw-la 2_o l_o auxilium_fw-la 37_o §_o 1_o ff_o the_o minorib_n with_fw-mi carpz_n pract_n crim_n p._n 3._o q_o 143._o upon_o the_o question_n how_o far_o minority_n excuse_n or_o mitigat_n the_o crime_n and_o general_o in_o omnibus_fw-la poenalibus_fw-la judiciis_fw-la &_o aetati_fw-la &_o imprudentiae_fw-la succurritur_fw-la l_o 108_o ff_n de_fw-fr rec_n jur_n tyraquel_fw-fr de_fw-fr poen_fw-mi temper_n case_n 7_o menoch_n the_o arbitr_n case_n 329._o and_o therefore_o if_o a_o minor_a shall_v mntilat_fw-la or_o wound_v his_o neighbour_n his_o nonage_n will_v mitigat_n but_o not_o excuse_v the_o mutilation_n see_v it_o do_v not_o excuse_v he_o in_o homicide_n but_o if_o one_o mutilat_n wound_n or_o demember_v a_o minor_a the_o punishment_n may_v be_v augment_v according_a as_o he_o be_v capable_a or_o less_o capable_a to_o defend_v himself_o in_o like_a manner_n regard_n be_v to_o be_v have_v to_o old_a and_o decrepit_a person_n when_o they_o commit_v the_o injury_n l_o 3_o ff_n de_fw-mi termin_v mot_n or_o receive_v it_o l._n si_fw-la quis_fw-la in_o gravi_fw-la 3_o §_o ignoscatur_fw-la 7_o ff_n de_fw-fr s._n c._n sil●n_n tyraquel_fw-fr d._n tract_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi case_n 8_o menoch_n case_z cit_fw-la the_o reason_n be_v they_o become_v weak_a in_o judgement_n like_o child_n carpz_n pract_n crim_a p._n 3._o quaest_n 144.3_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o person_n make_v a_o alteration_n in_o punishment_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v corporal_a and_o ignominious_a slave_n be_v more_o severe_o punish_v than_o free_a man_n for_o the_o same_o crime_n l_o 1_o 10_o &_o l_o 16_o §_o persona_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la l._n capitalium_fw-la 28_o §_o non_fw-la omnes_fw-la 2._o eod_n and_o infamous_a more_o than_o famous_a d_o l_o 28_o §_o ult_n 4._o as_o to_o the_o quality_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o if_o any_o man_n demember_v mutilat_fw-la or_o any_o way_n invade_v a_o magistrate_n parent_n or_o person_n of_o honour_n he_o commit_v a_o great_a injury_n and_o be_v more_o severe_o to_o be_v punish_v than_o if_o he_o have_v invade_v his_o equal_a or_o a_o abject_a person_n d._n l_o 16_o §_o 3_o ff_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi l._n ult_n ff_o eod_n d_o §_o §_o 7_o &_o 9_o inst_z de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr but_o if_o a_o magistrate_n or_o person_n of_o honour_n shall_v commit_v these_o or_o the_o like_a crime_n against_o a_o person_n of_o low_a degree_n he_o shall_v not_o incur_v the_o same_o corporal_a punishment_n this_o we_o see_v in_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o decuriones_fw-la who_o can_v not_o be_v condemn_v to_o the_o mine_n nor_o to_o be_v hang_v or_o burn_v alive_a l._n moris_fw-la 9_o §_o istae_fw-la f●re_fw-la sunt_fw-la poenae_fw-la 11._o ff_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi and_o the_o emperor_n hadrian_n will_v not_o allow_v they_o to_o be_v punish_v capital_o unless_o for_o parricide_n l_o divus_o 15_o ff_o eod_a and_o their_o child_n have_v the_o same_o privilege_n d_o §_o 11._o neither_o can_v any_o person_n of_o repute_n be_v punish_v with_o fustigation_n d._n l._n 28._o §_o 2._o nor_o be_v send_v to_o the_o mine_n §_o 5._o neither_o be_v noble_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o hang_v tyraquel_n de_fw-fr nobilib_a cap._n 20._o n_o 104._o &_o 106._o covarr_n resol_n lib._n 20._o cap_n 9_o de_fw-la poenis_fw-la crim_fw-la eorumque_fw-la modo_fw-la n._n 34._o &_o seqq_fw-la nor_o to_o undergo_v ignominious_a punishment_n fulgos_n consil_n 167._o but_o to_o compense_v this_o the_o pecuniary_a punishment_n of_o a_o nobleman_n go_v much_o high_o because_o of_o his_o riches_n covarr_n dict_z loc_fw-la 3._o the_o place_n where_o the_o crime_n be_v commit_v make_v the_o same_o act_n to_o be_v theft_n or_o sacrilege_n and_o to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n or_o a_o less_o punishment_n d._n l._n 26._o §_o 4._o ff_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi he_o that_o mutilat_n or_o wound_v another_o in_o the_o church_n theatre_n mercat-place_n or_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o magistrate_n be_v more_o criminal_a than_o if_o he_o have_v do_v it_o in_o a_o private_a place_n d._n §_o 9_o inst_z de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr and_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n its_o treason_n to_o strike_v hurt_v or_o slay_v any_o person_n in_o the_o parliament-house_n during_o the_o hold_n of_o the_o parliament_n or_o within_o the_o king_n inner-chamber_n or_o chamber_n of_o presence_n the_o king_n for_o the_o time_n be_v within_o his_o palace_n or_o where_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n sit_v for_o administration_n of_o justice_n at_o the_o time_n they_o be_v sit_v or_o within_o the_o king_n privy_a council_n house_n the_o time_n of_o the_o council_n sit_v there_o or_o in_o presence_n of_o his_o majesty_n where_o ever_o his_o highness_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v for_o the_o time_n act_n 175._o parl._n 13._o ja._n 6._o which_o act_n also_o in_o other_o particular_n make_v the_o circumstance_n of_o place_n to_o augment_v or_o diminish_v punishment_n see_v also_o what_o we_o say_v concern_v amputation_n of_o the_o hand_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o circumstance_n of_o place_n n._n 154._o supra_fw-la 4._o time_n make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o diurnal_a and_o a_o nocturnal_a thief_n d._n l._n 16._o §_o 4._o ff_n de_fw-mi poen_fw-mi the_o first_o be_v punishable_a paenâ_fw-la ordinariâ_fw-la the_o last_o paenâ_fw-la extraordinariâ_fw-la l._n 1._o &_o 2._o ff_n de_fw-fr furib_n balnear_o and_o betwixt_o breaker_n of_o prison_n in_o the_o night_n and_o in_o the_o daytime_n l._n 2._o ff_n de_fw-fr effractor_n in_o like_a manner_n a_o delinquent_n who_o reiterat_o a_o crime_n be_v more_o severe_o punish_v than_o if_o he_o have_v be_v but_o once_o guilty_a l._n 3._o c._n de_fw-fr episc_n audient_fw-la l._n capitalium_fw-la 28._o §_o solent_fw-la quidam_fw-la 3.8_o grassatores_fw-la 10._o &_o §_o famosis_n 15._o ff_n de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la in_o this_o last_o paragraph_n famous_a or_o common_a robber_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v hang_v in_o the_o place_n where_o they_o most_o frequent_o transgress_v that_o other_o by_o behold_v their_o punishment_n may_v be_v deter_v from_o commit_v the_o like_a crime_n and_o the_o friend_n and_o near_a relation_n of_o these_o who_o they_o have_v murder_v or_o rob_v may_v be_v thereby_o comfort_v in_o the_o abovecited_a case_n 15._o july_n 1642._o chine_n against_o mowat_n and_o neving_n their_o fynes_n or_o pecuniary_a mulct_n be_v make_v great_a than_o ordinary_a because_o the_o panel_n have_v be_v guilty_a of_o the_o like_a crime_n before_o as_o the_o decision_n bear_v

31._o he_o acknowledge_v the_o crime_n of_o demembration_n to_o be_v punishable_a by_o inflict_v a_o mulct_n in_o as_o far_o as_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o doom_n or_o sentence_n he_o insert_v the_o quota_fw-la and_o in_o all_o the_o criminal_a register_n we_o have_v no_o other_o but_o arbitrary_a punishment_n for_o mutilation_n and_o demembration_n and_o in_o regaird_a the_o nature_n of_o this_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v not_o common_o understand_v and_o the_o very_a name_n of_o it_o be_v ready_a to_o give_v offence_n to_o some_o who_o may_v apprehend_v that_o a_o arbitrary_a judge_n may_v do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o that_o neither_o of_o our_o learned_a country_n man_n skeen_n or_o mackenzie_n have_v insist_v on_o it_o i_o shall_v therefore_o crave_v liberty_n to_o describe_v the_o power_n of_o a_o arbitrary_a judge_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o arbitrary_a punishment_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o those_o who_o do_v not_o well_o understand_v it_o arbitrary_a punishment_n answer_v to_o arbitrary_a crime_n all_o crime_n be_v divide_v in_o ordinary_a call_v legitima_fw-la because_o the_o law_n have_v determine_v the_o nature_n both_o of_o crime_n and_o punishment_n such_o as_o i_o aesemajesty_n homicide_n and_o other_o capital_a crime_n and_o extraordinary_a or_o arbitrary_a in_o which_o the_o law_n have_v determine_v neither_o but_o have_v leave_v both_o to_o the_o arbitrament_n of_o the_o judge_n as_o in_o the_o ●●●e_a of_o forstallers_n or_o dardanarii_fw-la who_o ulpian_n l._n 6._o ff_n de_fw-fr extraord_n crim._n describe_v in_o these_o word_n qui_fw-la fructus_fw-la suos_fw-la aequis_fw-la pr●tiis_fw-la vendere_fw-la nollent_fw-la dum_fw-la minores_fw-la ubere_n proventus_fw-la expectant_a this_o i_o name_n with_o respect_n to_o this_o present_a year_n of_o dearth_n and_o scarcity_n and_o because_o it_o be_v the_o great_a of_o that_o kind_n solomon_n have_v tell_v we_o prov._n 11.26_o he_o that_o withold_v corn_n the_o people_n shall_v curse_v he_o but_o blessing_n shall_v be_v upon_o the_o head_n of_o he_o that_o sell_v it_o a_o further_a description_n of_o this_o may_v be_v see_v in_o our_o author_n p._n 1._o tit_n 23._o other_o crime_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v set_v down_o d._n tit_n ff_n de_fw-fr extr_n crim_n and_o by_o struvius_n and_o other_o on_o that_o title_n ancient_o all_o crime_n and_o punishment_n be_v determine_v by_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o when_o a_o criminal_a be_v condemn_v the_o sentence_n make_v mention_v of_o the_o crime_n be_v be_v find_v guilty_a of_o but_o not_o of_o the_o punishment_n the_o law_n suppose_v the_o punishment_n will_v be_v know_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o crime_n be_v declare_v l._n si_fw-la praeses_fw-la 32._o ff_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la l._n accusatorum_fw-la 1._o §_o 4._o ff_n ad_fw-la s._n c._n turpil_n but_o as_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v more_o numerous_a than_o can_v be_v foresee_v or_o comprehend_v in_o law_n l._n 10._o &_o 12._o ff_a dell_n be_v almost_o infinite_a as_o every_o one_o know_v even_o so_o punishment_n proper_a to_o these_o matter_n of_o fact_n must_v be_v as_o numerous_a and_o therefore_o the_o lawgiver_n behove_v to_o give_v arbitrary_a power_n to_o to_o the_o judge_n for_o determine_v in_o those_o emergency_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o equity_n and_o to_o heighten_v or_o diminish_v the_o punishment_n as_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o fact_n require_v and_o this_o be_v call_v arbitrary_a punishment_n all_o these_o to_o wit_n the_o ancient_a and_o modern_a custom_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o punishment_n be_v brief_o hold_v forth_o by_o ulpian_n in_o l_o 13._o ff_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la hodie_fw-la say_v he_o imply_v a_o former_a custom_n and_o a_o change_n licere_fw-la ei_fw-la qui_fw-la extra_fw-la ordinem_fw-la de_fw-la crimine_fw-la cognoscit_fw-la quam_fw-la vult_fw-la sententiam_fw-la far_o vel_fw-la graviorem_fw-la vel_fw-la leviorem_fw-la ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o utroque_fw-la moderationem_fw-la non_fw-la excedat_fw-la and_o because_o the_o judge_n in_o so_o do_v supply_v defect_n in_o the_o law_n and_o yet_o do_v it_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n and_o equity_n he_o be_v therefore_o call_v legis_fw-la auxilium_fw-la eguin_n baro_n de_fw-fr divid_fw-la et_fw-la individ_fw-la cap._n 4._o n._n 4._o from_o what_o we_o have_v say_v its_o evident_a how_o just_o punishment_n in_o general_n as_o it_o include_v ordinary_a and_o extraordinary_a or_o arbitrary_a be_v define_v by_o a_o anonymous_a german_a in_o his_o book_n entitle_v jus_fw-la pandectarum_fw-la illustratum_fw-la do_fw-mi de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la to_o be_v a_o just_a coercition_n or_o restrain_v of_o certain_a delict_n or_o crime_n according_a to_o their_o measure_n and_o merit_n impose_v by_o authority_n of_o law_n or_o its_o competent_a judge_n upon_o guilty_a person_n condemn_v by_o a_o previous_a sentence_n to_o be_v inflict_v after_o the_o time_n allow_v by_o the_o sentence_n be_v elapse_v and_o that_o for_o the_o utility_n of_o government_n and_o common_a tranquillity_n of_o the_o people_n now_o ordinary_a punishment_n be_v nothing_o but_o that_o species_n which_o the_o law_n or_o custom_n have_v force_n of_o law_n impose_v and_o hence_o be_v call_v legal_a arbitrary_a be_v that_o which_o be_v impose_v by_o no_o law_n statute_n or_o custom_n be_v to_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o judge_n according_a to_o his_o arbitrament_n and_o be_v sometime_o more_o sometime_o less_o according_a to_o circumstance_n beckman_n medul_a justin._n ff_n de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la thes_n 6._o 7._o 8._o and_o this_o be_v what_o justinian_n say_v dict_z §_o 7._o inst_z de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr in_o these_o word_n secundum_fw-la gradum_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la vitaeque_fw-la honestatem_fw-la crescit_fw-la aut_fw-la minuitur_fw-la aestimatio_fw-la injuriae_fw-la and_o conform_v to_o this_o skeen_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o crime_n and_o judge_n in_o criminal_a cause_n tit_n 1._o cap._n 2._o say_v crime_n be_v punish_v by_o a_o lawful_a pain_n special_o set_v down_o and_o prescribe_v by_o the_o law_n or_o the_o pain_n thereof_o be_v arbitrary_a lawful_a pain_n be_v capital_a or_o pecunial_a or_o neither_o capital_a nor_o pecunial_n but_o of_o another_o kind_n and_o sort_n arbitrary_a crime_n be_v which_o have_v no_o certain_a prescribe_v pain_n but_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o king_n will_v &_o mercy_n where_o observe_v skeen_n set_v down_o the_o word_n mercy_n for_o the_o word_n pleasure_n or_o arbitrament_n to_o hold_v forth_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o judge_n shall_v in_o arbitrary_a crime_n incline_v rather_o to_o mercy_n than_o rigour_n if_o the_o cause_n will_v allow_v it_o for_o further_o clear_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o arbitrary_a power_n the_o gloss_n in_o l._n fidei_fw-la commissa_fw-la 11_o §_o quamquam_fw-la 7._o ad_fw-la verb._n arbitrium_fw-la de_fw-fr legate_n 3._o and_o menochius_fw-la following_z it_o lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr arbitrar_n qu._n 6_o n._n 1._o distinguish_v arbitrium_fw-la in_fw-la plenum_fw-la &_o regulatum_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v absolute_a and_o limit_v plenum_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la full_a or_o absolute_a power_n be_v that_o whereby_o one_o act_n according_a to_o his_o appetite_n and_o as_o he_o please_v a_o judge_n exercise_v such_o a_o power_n be_v call_v bellua_fw-la &_o non_fw-fr judex_n a_o furious_a beast_n and_o not_o a_o judge_n menoch_n proaem_n dict_z lib._n n._n 5._o regulatum_fw-la be_v that_o whereby_o one_o act_n according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o reason_n and_o equity_n and_o with_o due_a moderation_n and_o this_o be_v the_o power_n wherey_o a_o judge_n cognosces_fw-la arbitrariè_fw-la and_o ulpian_n both_o express_v the_o power_n and_o its_o limitation_n in_o dict_z l._n 13._o to_o wit_n the_o power_n in_o these_o word_n qui_fw-fr extra_fw-la ordinem_fw-la de_fw-la crimine_fw-la cognoscit_fw-la quam_fw-la vult_fw-la sententiam_fw-la far_o graviorem_fw-la vel_fw-la leviorem_fw-la and_o its_o limitation_n in_o these_o word_n ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o utroque_fw-la moderationem_fw-la non_fw-la excedat_fw-la any_o man_n may_v use_v absolute_a power_n in_o the_o disposal_n of_o his_o good_n &_o after_o what_o manner_n he_o please_v that_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o dominion_n which_o carry_v with_o it_o jus_o utendi_fw-la vel_fw-la abutendi_fw-la except_o there_o be_v a_o restraint_n put_v on_o he_o for_o public_a good_n also_o if_o a_o legacy_n be_v leave_v to_o be_v dispose_v of_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o heir_n or_o with_o condition_n si_fw-mi volueris_fw-la he_o may_v deliver_v or_o withhold_v it_o but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o when_o the_o legacy_n be_v confer_v in_o arbitrium_fw-la haeredis_fw-la or_o in_o word_n import_v arbitrium_fw-la this_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o word_n of_o ulpian_n in_o dict_z §_o 7._o quanquam_fw-la autem_fw-la inquit_fw-la fidei_fw-la commissum_fw-la non_fw-la debetur_fw-la si_fw-la volueris_fw-la tamen_fw-la si_fw-la ita_fw-la scriptum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la si_fw-la fueris_fw-la arbitratus_fw-la si_fw-la putaveris_fw-la si_fw-la utile_fw-la tibi_fw-la fuerit_fw-la visum_fw-la vel_fw-la videbitur_fw-la debebitur_fw-la non_fw-la enim_fw-la plenum_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la haeredi_fw-la dedit_fw-la