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these_o three_o act_n therefore_o it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v threefold_a and_o all_o these_o right_n reckon_v up_o by_o he_o which_o be_v such_o indeed_o be_v contain_v under_o these_o three_o though_o neither_o he_o nor_o other_o author_n have_v much_o observe_v it_o among_o these_o the_o legislative_a be_v the_o principal_a not_o only_o the_o first_o but_o the_o chief_a yet_o the_o other_o be_v necessary_a because_o without_o they_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a for_o what_o be_v law_n without_o judgement_n and_o execution_n yet_o even_o the_o law_n regulate_v both_o and_o to_o know_v who_o be_v sovereign_a in_o any_o act_n the_o only_a infallible_a way_n be_v by_o the_o legislation_n for_o in_o whosoever_o the_o legislative_a power_n original_o be_v he_o or_o they_o be_v supreme_a for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o actual_a make_n of_o certain_a rule_n to_o order_v all_o thing_n in_o a_o state_n but_o the_o give_v of_o a_o bind_a force_n unto_o they_o which_o make_v the_o sovereign_n this_o 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territory_n except_o you_o will_v constitute_v more_o state_n than_o one_o t._n h._n pag._n 93._o if_o there_o have_v not_o first_o be_v a_o opinion_n receive_v of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o england_n that_o these_o power_n be_v divide_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o commons_o the_o people_n have_v never_o be_v divide_v and_o fall_v into_o these_o civil_a war_n g._n l._n the_o cause_n moral_a of_o these_o war_n be_v our_o sin_n the_o political_a cause_n be_v the_o maladministration_n yet_o so_o that_o all_o side_n have_v offend_v through_o want_n of_o wisdom_n and_o many_o other_o way_n the_o ignorance_n of_o politic_n in_o general_n and_o of_o our_o own_o constitution_n in_o particular_a can_v be_v excuse_v or_o except_v what_o the_o ancient_a constitution_n be_v we_o know_v not_o certain_o though_o some_o relic_n of_o the_o
of_o england_n to_o be_v sovereign_n and_o 3._o in_o that_o respect_n to_o have_v a_o power_n to_o raise_v subsidy_n and_o money_n without_o a_o parliament_n and_o 4._o have_v make_v that_o a_o mortal_a disease_n of_o our_o state_n which_o be_v a_o great_a preservative_n of_o our_o liberty_n for_o the_o people_n always_o bear_v the_o purse_n and_o can_v not_o by_o the_o king_n be_v charge_v with_o the_o least_o without_o their_o consent_n by_o their_o representative_a in_o the_o parliament_n this_o do_v poise_n and_o limit_v the_o regal_a power_n prevent_v much_o riot_n and_o excess_n in_o the_o court_n make_v the_o prince_n frugal_a and_o hinder_v unnecessary_a war_n yet_o good_a prince_n and_o frugal_a never_o want_v money_n be_v free_o supply_v by_o their_o subject_n while_o they_o require_v in_o their_o need_n any_o thing_n extraordinary_a above_o the_o public_a revenue_n in_o a_o right_a way_n by_o parliament_n t._n h._n there_o be_v a_o six_o doctrine_n plain_o and_o direct_o against_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o its_o this_o that_o the_o sovereign_a power_n may_v be_v divide_v g._n l._n the_o supreme_a power_n as_o supreme_a must_v needs_o be_v one_o and_o can_v be_v divide_v for_o as_o in_o a_o natural_a so_o in_o a_o political_a body_n there_o must_v be_v of_o necessity_n one_o only_a principle_n of_o motion_n one_o supreme_a will_n direct_v by_o one_o judgement_n and_o strengthen_v with_o one_o force_n of_o the_o sword_n must_v command_v judge_n execute_v otherwise_o there_o can_v be_v no_o order_n or_o regular_a motion_n yet_o this_o supreme_a power_n may_v be_v in_o many_o person_n several_a and_o distinct_a physical_o but_o moral_o reduce_v to_o one_o by_o the_o major_a part_n agree_v in_o one_o suffrage_n that_o some_o have_v make_v in_o this_o state_n of_o england_n three_o coordinate_a power_n with_o their_o several_a negative_n and_o their_o several_a distinct_a right_n of_o sovereign_a power_n can_v very_o hardly_o be_v make_v good_a by_o any_o reason_n as_o i_o have_v hint_v before_o yet_o even_o these_o do_v place_n all_o the_o jura_fw-la majestatis_fw-la in_o all_o joint_o our_o form_n of_o government_n be_v confound_v by_o the_o different_a opinion_n of_o common_a lawyer_n civilian_n and_o divine_n who_o neither_o agree_v one_o with_o another_o nor_o among_o themselves_o it_o have_v be_v declare_v that_o the_o fundamental_a government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v be_v by_o king_n peer_n and_o commons_o yet_o this_o can_v satisfy_v no_o man_n because_o there_o be_v no_o certainty_n what_o the_o power_n of_o commons_o what_o the_o power_n of_o lord_n what_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n be_v neither_o whether_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o and_o of_o lord_n be_v two_o distinct_a house_n or_o no_o or_o if_o they_o be_v distinct_a wherein_o they_o be_v so_o distinct_a for_o some_o affirm_v that_o in_o legislation_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v but_o one_o though_o in_o judicial_a act_n two_o yet_o suppose_v the_o lord_n to_o have_v the_o judicial_a power_n alone_o nevertheless_o it_o be_v a_o question_n what_o kind_n of_o lord_n and_o baron_n these_o shall_v be_v we_o read_v first_o of_o the_o forty_o lord_n of_o the_o forty_o county_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n after_o the_o conquest_n we_o find_v three_o sort_n of_o baron_n in_o the_o high_a house_n and_o they_o be_v feudarii_fw-la rescriptitii_fw-la diplomatici_fw-la baron_n by_o tenure_n by_o writ_n by_o patent_n lord_n by_o tenure_n be_v the_o first_o but_o afterward_o when_o any_o be_v call_v by_o the_o king_n write_v to_o parliament_n they_o by_o that_o very_a writ_n be_v make_v baron_n with_o suffrage_n among_o the_o former_a the_o last_o be_v lord_n by_o patent_n and_o such_o be_v most_o yea_o almost_o all_o our_o lord_n in_o latter_a time_n and_o to_o multiply_v the_o last_o be_v a_o policy_n in_o the_o king_n for_o by_o that_o mean_n after_o the_o supremacy_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v cast_v off_o the_o bishop_n do_v whole_o depend_v upon_o the_o king_n and_o the_o baron_n by_o patent_n be_v his_o creature_n and_o by_o they_o he_o may_v carry_v any_o cause_n or_o at_o least_o hinder_v and_o cross_v the_o desire_n of_o the_o knight_n and_o burgess_n and_o herein_o few_o of_o our_o ordinary_a history_n can_v help_v we_o because_o they_o relate_v only_o unto_o we_o matter_n of_o fact_n how_o sometime_o the_o king_n sometime_o the_o baron_n sometime_o the_o commons_o be_v ascendant_n and_o predominant_a as_o now_o they_o all_o seem_v to_o be_v descendant_n yet_o for_o all_o this_o a_o free_a parliament_n of_o just_a wise_a and_o good_a man_n may_v rectify_v all_o this_o and_o unite_v the_o supreme_a power_n so_o miserable_o divide_v to_o the_o hazard_n of_o the_o state_n t._n h._n and_o as_o false_a doctrine_n so_o also_o oftentime_o the_o example_n of_o different_a government_n in_o a_o neighbour_a nation_n dispose_v man_n to_o alteration_n of_o the_o sorm_n already_o settle_v g._n l._n that_o this_o may_v be_v a_o cause_n of_o the_o alteration_n and_o also_o of_o ruin_n too_o it_o be_v very_o possible_a and_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o colour_n of_o reason_n in_o it_o because_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o follow_v the_o best_a example_n and_o this_o may_v be_v powerful_a and_o prevalent_a with_o such_o as_o be_v give_v to_o change_n and_o affect_v novelty_n yet_o with_o wise_a and_o understand_a man_n be_v of_o no_o force_n because_o they_o know_v full_a well_o that_o some_o form_n of_o government_n which_o may_v be_v good_a to_o one_o may_v prove_v not_o to_o be_v so_o to_o another_o and_o that_o change_v in_o this_o kind_n be_v dangerous_a for_o to_o unsettle_v that_o which_o be_v firm_a for_o to_o introduce_v that_o whereof_o we_o have_v have_v no_o experience_n may_v prove_v the_o ruin_n of_o a_o state_n t._n h._n and_o as_o to_o rebellion_n in_o particular_a against_o monarchy_n one_o of_o the_o most_o frequent_a cause_n be_v the_o read_n of_o the_o book_n of_o policy_n and_o history_n of_o the_o ancient_a greek_n and_o roman_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n this_o have_v be_v former_o examine_v the_o read_n of_o these_o book_n can_v do_v so_o much_o hurt_v as_o this_o leviathan_n may_v do_v for_o it_o be_v far_o more_o dangerous_a and_o destructive_a of_o good_a government_n than_o any_o of_o their_o history_n which_o can_v do_v no_o hurt_n to_o any_o but_o such_o as_o be_v ignorant_a and_o ill-disposed_a in_o those_o book_n they_o may_v read_v of_o king_n and_o emperor_n and_o of_o monarchy_n as_o well_o as_o free-state_n and_o few_o be_v so_o void_a of_o understanding_n but_o that_o they_o well_o know_v they_o be_v bind_v to_o their_o own_o form_n of_o government_n and_o be_v not_o to_o covet_v every_o model_n they_o read_v of_o such_o man_n as_o he_o do_v shameful_o debase_v free-state_n as_o form_n unlawful_a in_o themselves_o and_o so_o flatter_v limit_v prince_n as_o though_o they_o be_v absolute_a lord_n and_o advance_v monarchy_n so_o high_a as_o though_o it_o be_v the_o only_a form_n of_o government_n so_o institute_v by_o god_n and_o command_v that_o all_o nation_n be_v bind_v unto_o it_o and_o whosoever_o do_v not_o bow_v unto_o it_o be_v a_o rebel_n against_o god_n yet_o he_o never_o institute_v immediate_o any_o commonwealth_n but_o one_o and_o that_o be_v a_o free-state_n and_o when_o a_o king_n be_v desire_v he_o be_v offend_v and_o under_o a_o regal_a government_n it_o come_v to_o ruin_v whereas_o he_o think_v these_o book_n do_v teach_v regicide_n and_o kill_v of_o king_n he_o be_v much_o mistake_v for_o subject_n to_o murder_v their_o lawful_a sovereign_n be_v a_o horrid_a crime_n and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o to_o be_v detest_v if_o do_v under_o the_o name_n of_o tyrannicide_n to_o plead_v for_o tyrant_n real_o such_o as_o such_o be_v to_o be_v abhor_v they_o pervert_v the_o very_a end_n of_o all_o government_n abuse_v their_o power_n act_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o man_n to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o state_n be_v enemy_n of_o mankind_n the_o chief_a agent_n for_o the_o devil_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o a_o people_n have_v power_n in_o their_o hand_n may_v not_o restrain_v or_o remove_v or_o put_v to_o death_n such_o man_n as_o be_v guilty_a of_o many_o crime_n which_o the_o law_n of_o god_n have_v make_v universal_o capital_a so_o that_o no_o man_n in_o the_o world_n can_v plead_v exemption_n some_o think_v that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v leave_v to_o god_n and_o subject_n must_v seek_v deliverance_n by_o prayer_n and_o tear_n and_o the_o truth_n be_v christian_n as_o christian_n have_v no_o other_o remedy_n other_o conceive_v they_o may_v be_v restrain_v and_o that_o by_o force_n and_o their_o own_o subject_n do_v it_o other_o give_v this_o power_n only_o unto_o magistrate_n or_o to_o such_o as_o share_v with_o
same_o continue_a till_o our_o time_n but_o the_o whole_a frame_n be_v strange_o alter_v and_o corrupt_v many_o different_a opinion_n there_o be_v concern_v our_o government_n yet_o three_o among_o the_o rest_n be_v most_o remarkable_a for_o one_o party_n conceive_v the_o king_n to_o be_v a_o absolute_a monarch_n a_o second_o determine_v the_o king_n peer_n and_o commons_o to_o be_v three_o coordinate_a power_n yet_o so_o that_o some_o of_o they_o grant_v three_o negative_n some_o only_a two_o a_o three_o party_n give_v distinct_a right_n unto_o these_o three_o yet_o in_o this_o they_o be_v subdivide_v and_o they_o will_v be_v think_v to_o be_v more_o rational_a who_o give_v the_o legislative_a power_n unto_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o one_o house_n the_o judicial_a to_o the_o lord_n in_o a_o distinct_a house_n and_o the_o executive_a to_o the_o king_n who_o be_v therefore_o trust_v with_o the_o sword_n both_o of_o war_n and_o justice_n none_o of_o these_o can_v give_v satisfaction_n there_o be_v another_o opinion_n which_o put_v the_o supreme_a power_n radical_o in_o the_o 40._o county_n to_o be_v exercise_v by_o king_n peer_n and_o commons_o according_a to_o certain_a rule_n which_o by_o antiquary_n in_o law_n together_o with_o some_o experience_a statesman_n of_o this_o nation_n may_v be_v find_v out_o but_o be_v not_o the_o seed_n of_o this_o division_n be_v sow_o and_o begin_v to_o appear_v before_o the_o war_n and_o the_o opinion_n that_o all_o these_o be_v only_o in_o one_o man_n that_o be_v the_o king_n absolute_o some_o say_v be_v the_o great_a cause_n not_o only_o of_o the_o last_o but_o also_o of_o other_o civil_a war_n in_o former_a time_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o every_o man_n like_v that_o opinion_n best_o which_o be_v most_o suitable_a to_o his_o own_o interest_n our_o several_a opinion_n in_o religion_n have_v heighten_v our_o difference_n and_o hinder_v our_o settlement_n yet_o religion_n be_v but_o pretend_a for_o every_o party_n aim_v at_o civil_a power_n not_o spiritual_a liberty_n from_o sin_n and_o the_o power_n to_o settle_v we_o thus_o woeful_o distract_v be_v only_o in_o god_n and_o if_o he_o ever_o will_v be_v thus_o merciful_a unto_o we_o the_o way_n whereby_o he_o will_v effect_v it_o will_v be_v by_o give_v the_o great_a power_n to_o man_n of_o great_a wisdom_n and_o integrity_n not_o by_o reduce_v we_o unto_o one_o opinion_n that_o all_o the_o power_n civil_a must_v be_v in_o one_o as_o the_o author_n do_v fond_o fancy_n let_v the_o form_n be_v the_o best_a in_o the_o world_n yet_o without_o good_a governor_n be_v in_o vain_a the_o subject_n of_o this_o chapter_n be_v majestas_fw-la &_o jura_fw-la majestatis_fw-la the_o right_n of_o sovereign_n which_o this_o author_n have_v handle_v very_o poor_o and_o if_o he_o have_v but_o translate_v that_o which_o other_o have_v more_o excellent_o write_v in_o this_o particular_a before_o he_o he_o may_v have_v inform_v we_o better_o give_v his_o reader_n more_o satisfaction_n reduce_v they_o to_o a_o better_a method_n and_o neither_o have_v make_v such_o to_o be_v right_n which_o be_v none_o nor_o omit_v those_o which_o true_o be_v such_o as_o he_o have_v do_v cap._n iii_o of_o the_o second_o part_n and_o the_o nineteenth_o of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o commonwealth_n by_o institution_n and_o of_o succession_n to_o the_o sovereign_a power_n by_o these_o brief_a content_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o chapter_n be_v the_o distinction_n of_o commonwealth_n and_o succession_n to_o the_o sovereign_a power_n in_o a_o successive_a state_n in_o the_o first_o part_n he_o 1._o reduce_v all_o commonwealth_n to_o three_o kind_n 2._o prefer_v monarchy_n one_o of_o they_o before_o all_o the_o rest_n t._n h._n other_o kind_n of_o commonwealth_n beside_o monarchy_n democracy_n aristocracy_n there_o can_v be_v g._n l._n this_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v a_o distribution_n into_o species_n or_o kind_n yet_o if_o we_o thorough_o examine_v it_o it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o accidential_a difference_n for_o it_o arise_v only_o from_o the_o distinct_a and_o different_a manner_n of_o dispose_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o one_o or_o more_o in_o more_o and_o these_o be_v the_o optimates_fw-la some_o of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o eminent_a or_o in_o the_o whole_a community_n yet_o in_o all_o these_o the_o essential_a act_n of_o government_n and_o so_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v the_o same_o in_o all_o state_n and_o they_o be_v as_o you_o hear_v before_o three_o legislation_n judgement_n and_o execution_n for_o its_o mere_o accidental_a to_o the_o supremacy_n to_o be_v dispose_v more_o or_o more_o that_o it_o must_v be_v dispose_v in_o some_o certain_a such_o sect_n be_v necessary_a and_o that_o as_o the_o supremacy_n be_v one_o and_o indivisible_a so_o the_o subject_n must_v be_v one_o also_o and_o that_o either_o physical_o or_o moral_o the_o great_a variety_n of_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v such_o that_o there_o be_v not_o two_o in_o the_o whole_a world_n in_o all_o thing_n like_a arise_v not_o from_o the_o constitution_n but_o from_o the_o different_a manner_n of_o administration_n though_o the_o author_n deny_v all_o mix_a commonwealth_n yet_o wise_a and_o learned_a man_n which_o without_o disparagement_n to_o he_o may_v be_v prefer_v before_o he_o as_o in_o other_o thing_n so_o in_o state-learning_n have_v say_v 1._o that_o there_o be_v no_o pure_a monarchy_n or_o aristocracy_n or_o democracy_n in_o the_o world_n 2._o that_o not_o only_o some_o but_o all_o commonwealth_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n mix_v or_o temper_v and_o allay_v because_o they_o conceive_v it_o be_v hardly_o possible_a for_o any_o pure_a state_n to_o continue_v long_o against_o these_o i_o find_v in_o mr._n hobbs_n a_o verbal_a contradiction_n but_o no_o real_a confutation_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o he_o never_o true_o understand_v they_o neither_o have_v he_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o difference_n between_o real_a and_o personal_a majesty_n or_o of_o the_o natural_a or_o ethical_a subject_n of_o supremacy_n or_o of_o the_o exercise_n thereof_o by_o certain_a person_n and_o the_o constant_a inherency_n of_o it_o in_o a_o certain_a subject_n and_o we_o know_v by_o experience_n that_o such_o as_o be_v only_o trust_v with_o the_o exercise_n of_o supreme_a power_n will_v by_o little_a and_o little_o usurp_v it_o and_o in_o the_o end_n plead_v prescription_n so_o lewis_n the_o 11._o of_o france_n when_o he_o violate_v the_o law_n of_o the_o constitution_n remove_v all_o such_o as_o by_o right_a aught_o to_o have_v poise_v he_o can_v boast_v that_o he_o have_v free_v the_o crown_n from_o wardship_n and_o this_o have_v be_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o europe_n which_o in_o the_o end_n will_v prove_v their_o ruin_n as_o for_o the_o present_a it_o have_v be_v their_o trouble_n there_o be_v no_o commonwealth_n but_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o one_o of_o these_o three_o in_o some_o respect_n yet_o so_o that_o monarchy_n differ_v as_o much_o from_o one_o another_o as_o they_o differ_v from_o the_o other_o two_o some_o be_v regal_a some_o despotical_a and_o there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o these_o but_o i_o do_v not_o intend_v at_o this_o time_n to_o contest_v with_o he_o about_o this_o distribution_n but_o proceed_v t._n h._n tyranny_n and_o oligarchy_n be_v but_o different_a name_n of_o monarchy_n and_o aristocracy_n not_o different_a form_n of_o government_n g._n l._n these_o name_n do_v not_o signify_v chimera_n but_o real_a entity_n and_o if_o any_o have_v abuse_v they_o to_o signify_v form_n of_o government_n let_v they_o answer_v for_o themselves_o i_o know_v they_o not_o they_o can_v be_v man_n of_o any_o note_n tyranny_n do_v not_o signify_v monarchy_n nor_o oligarchy_n a_o aristocracy_n they_o signify_v the_o vicious_a corruption_n of_o state_n degenerate_a from_o their_o original_a constitution_n and_o that_o by_o the_o wickedness_n of_o a_o prince_n and_o the_o faction_n of_o a_o assembly_n engross_a power_n and_o enhanse_a it_o above_o that_o which_o be_v due_a and_o just_a and_o so_o become_v a_o multitude_n of_o tyrant_n and_o this_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n why_o many_o nation_n when_o they_o have_v power_n in_o their_o own_o hand_n have_v alter_v the_o form_n of_o government_n be_v jealous_a of_o trust_v one_o man_n or_o assembly_n of_o man_n long_o with_o too_o much_o power_n and_o the_o wise_a have_v set_v their_o wit_n on_o the_o rack_n to_o find_v out_o a_o way_n how_o to_o limit_v and_o restrain_v the_o power_n of_o their_o governor_n t._n h._n subordinate_a representative_n be_v dangerous_a and_o i_o know_v not_o how_o that_o so_o manifest_a a_o truth_n shall_v of_o late_o be_v so_o little_o observe_v that_o in_o a_o monarchy_n he_o that_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n from_o a_o descent_n
few_o passage_n to_o manifest_v that_o he_o never_o understand_v what_o liberty_n be_v liberty_n of_o subject_n be_v not_o natural_a nor_o moral_a nor_o theological_a but_o political_a and_o civil_a in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o politic_n it_o be_v oppose_v to_o servitude_n and_o bondage_n not_o simple_o and_o mere_o to_o obligation_n by_o law_n as_o he_o fanci_v for_o thus_o he_o write_v t._n h._n so_o man_n have_v also_o make_v artificial_a charm_n call_v civil_a law_n which_o they_o themselves_o by_o mutual_a covenant_n have_v fasten_v at_o one_o end_n to_o the_o lip_n of_o the_o sovereign_n at_o the_o other_o to_o their_o own_o ear_n g._n l._n the_o author_n meaning_n be_v that_o so_o far_o as_o law_n bound_v the_o subject_n so_o far_o they_o take_v away_o his_o liberty_n and_o man_n by_o constitution_n of_o a_o sovereign_n over_o they_o give_v a_o power_n absolute_a to_o make_v law_n and_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v virtual_o subject_a to_o his_o power_n and_o actual_o bind_v by_o his_o law_n they_o can_v be_v free_a yet_o this_o well_o examine_v will_v not_o prove_v true_a for_o not_o any_o kind_n of_o obligation_n take_v it_o away_o for_o then_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n by_o which_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v before_o he_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o civil_a sovereign_n shall_v deprive_v he_o of_o his_o liberty_n yet_o they_o leave_v he_o as_o free_v a_o man_n as_o any_o possible_o in_o a_o free-state_n can_v be_v the_o obligation_n of_o just_a law_n and_o wise_a edict_n do_v regulate_v liberty_n keep_v it_o within_o its_o proper_a bound_n and_o no_o way_n destroy_v it_o or_o take_v it_o away_o therefore_o that_o which_o follow_v be_v questionable_a for_o he_o affirm_v t_o h._n that_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o subject_n therefore_o lie_v only_o in_o those_o thing_n which_o in_o regulate_v their_o action_n the_o sovereign_n have_v pretermit_v g._n l._n but_o 1._o in_o thing_n leave_v indifferent_a because_o not_o define_v by_o law_n the_o subject_n be_v not_o only_a libre_fw-la sed_fw-la dominus_fw-la and_o have_v not_o only_a libertatem_fw-la but_o potestatem_fw-la he_o be_v not_o only_o free_a but_o lord_n of_o those_o action_n and_o have_v not_o only_a liberty_n but_o also_o a_o absolute_a power_n 2._o though_o wise_a and_o just_a law_n do_v regulate_v action_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o make_v the_o agent_n a_o slave_n or_o a_o servant_n for_o to_o be_v a_o slave_n or_o a_o servant_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v below_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o man_n and_o make_v he_o subject_a to_o some_o thing_n below_o himself_o wisdom_n and_o justice_n be_v above_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sovereign_n much_o more_o above_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o subject_n they_o be_v particle_n of_o the_o divine_a perfection_n and_o to_o be_v bind_v by_o they_o be_v not_o only_o a_o liberty_n but_o a_o honour_n to_o be_v free_a from_o the_o dominion_n of_o our_o own_o base_a lust_n and_o sin_n and_o the_o power_n of_o satan_n be_v true_a liberty_n divine_a and_o so_o not_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o lust_n and_o imperious_a unworthy_a command_n of_o absolute_a sovereign_n who_o will_n though_o irrational_a &_o contrary_a to_o justice_n must_v stand_v for_o law_n be_v civil_a liberty_n and_o then_o a_o man_n be_v political_o free_a when_o he_o be_v so_o far_o master_n of_o his_o life_n good_n child_n and_o that_o which_o be_v just_o he_o that_o they_o can_v be_v take_v away_o from_o he_o but_o for_o some_o crime_n contrary_a to_o just_a law_n deserve_v such_o a_o penalty_n in_o a_o word_n the_o liberty_n of_o a_o subject_n be_v such_o a_o state_n or_o condition_n as_o that_o he_o be_v neither_o by_o the_o sovereign_a power_n nor_o any_o law_n bind_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n which_o a_o rational_a and_o just_a man_n will_v not_o willing_o do_v though_o there_o be_v no_o law_n or_o penalty_n civil_a at_o all_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v free_a from_o law_n and_o i_o do_v not_o know_v who_o they_o be_v which_o he_o say_v demand_v any_o such_o thing_n the_o rude_a and_o ignorant_a people_n and_o also_o all_o child_n of_o belial_n desire_v to_o have_v a_o licence_n not_o only_o to_o do_v good_a but_o evil_a too_o as_o they_o please_v and_o they_o judge_v all_o law_n as_o heavy_a burden_n and_o grievous_a yoke_n if_o he_o mean_v that_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n demand_v the_o benefit_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n do_v aim_n at_o any_o such_o extravagant_a liberty_n he_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o slanderer_n of_o his_o own_o fellow-subject_n and_o a_o enemy_n to_o the_o english_a liberty_n as_o indeed_o he_o be_v and_o that_o through_o a_o erroneous_a notion_n and_o conceit_n of_o absolute_a power_n civil_a the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v very_o great_a and_o such_o as_o if_o we_o either_o consider_v the_o law_n of_o the_o constitution_n or_o administration_n the_o ordinary_a and_o common_a subject_n of_o other_o nation_n be_v but_o slave_n unto_o they_o our_o freeholders_n have_v the_o choice_n of_o their_o knight_n and_o burgess_n for_o the_o parliament_n so_o that_o neither_o any_o law_n can_v be_v make_v nor_o money_n impose_v upon_o they_o without_o their_o verbal_a consent_n give_v by_o their_o representative_n in_o all_o cause_n civil_a criminal_a capital_a no_o judgement_n can_v pass_v against_o they_o but_o by_o the_o verdict_n of_o a_o jury_n make_v up_o of_o their_o neighbour_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v a_o excellent_a privilege_n the_o civilian_n say_v libertas_n est_fw-la res_fw-la inestimabilis_fw-la and_o to_o be_v redeem_v at_o any_o rate_n much_o more_o the_o english_a liberty_n be_v to_o be_v value_v and_o ever_o be_v by_o our_o ancestor_n who_o obtain_v it_o recover_v it_o keep_v it_o though_o with_o the_o blood_n of_o many_o thousand_o but_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o this_o liberty_n be_v consistent_a with_o the_o sovereign_n power_n his_o opinion_n be_v t._n h._n that_o by_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n the_o sovereign_n power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n be_v neither_o abolish_v nor_o limit_v g._n l._n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o sovereign_n power_n and_o the_o subject_n liberty_n be_v consistent_a for_o the_o sovereign_n may_v take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o his_o subject_n yet_o according_a to_o the_o evidence_n of_o judgement_n agreeable_a to_o law_n no_o otherwise_o yet_o he_o presuppose_v 1._o that_o the_o king_n be_v supreme_a and_o the_o primary_n subject_n owner_n and_o possessor_n of_o the_o original_a power_n which_o sometime_o may_v be_v yet_o with_o we_o its_o far_o otherwise_o 2._o that_o the_o power_n of_o civil_a sovereign_n be_v absolute_a for_o with_o he_o t._n h._n nothing_o the_o sovereign_n representative_a can_v do_v to_o a_o subject_n on_o what_o pretence_n soever_o can_v proper_o be_v call_v injustice_n or_o injury_n because_o every_o subject_n be_v author_n of_o every_o act_n the_o sovereign_n do_v so_o that_o he_o never_o want_v right_a to_o any_o thing_n otherwise_o then_o as_o he_o himself_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o god_n and_o bind_v thereby_o to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n when_o jephtah_n sacrifice_v his_o daughter_n and_o david_n murder_v uriah_n both_o innocent_a yet_o they_o do_v they_o no_o injustice_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n here_o he_o seem_v to_o contradict_v himself_o for_o he_o grant_v two_o thing_n 1._o that_o the_o sovereign_n be_v subject_n to_o god_n 2._o that_o in_o that_o respect_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n yet_o he_o say_v he_o can_v do_v no_o injustice_n to_o the_o subject_n and_o that_o he_o have_v right_a to_o any_o thing_n yet_o so_o as_o he_o be_v limit_v by_o subjection_n to_o god_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 1._o if_o he_o be_v god_n subject_n as_o certain_o he_o be_v it_o follow_v 1._o that_o in_o that_o respect_n he_o be_v but_o trust_v as_o a_o servant_n with_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o power_n civil_a 2._o that_o he_o be_v fellow-subject_n with_o his_o subject_n 3._o he_o may_v do_v injustice_n as_o one_o fellow_n subject_n may_v wrong_v another_o second_o if_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n then_o 1._o he_o be_v not_o absolute_a or_o solutus_fw-la legibus_fw-la his_o power_n be_v limit_v and_o bound_v by_o these_o law_n 2._o then_o he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o murder_v oppress_v and_o destroy_v his_o innocent_a subject_n who_o be_v more_o god_n than_o he_o and_o only_o trust_v by_o god_n in_o his_o hand_n for_o to_o be_v protect_v right_v in_o all_o just_a cause_n and_o vindicate_v from_o all_o wrong_n 3._o no_o prince_n or_o sovereign_n can_v assume_v or_o any_o people_n give_v to_o any_o person_n or_o person_n any_o the_o least_o power_n above_o or_o contrary_a unto_o the_o
they_o in_o the_o supreme_a power_n other_o be_v of_o a_o mind_n that_o see_v they_o cease_v to_o be_v king_n or_o sovereign_n they_o may_v be_v lawful_o try_v and_o put_v to_o death_n as_o well_o as_o private_a man_n and_o that_o without_o any_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n other_o determine_v this_o to_o be_v lawful_a in_o such_o state_n as_o that_o of_o lacedaemon_n in_o grece_n and_o arragon_n in_o spain_n what_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n be_v can_v be_v unknown_a for_o the_o pope_n do_v arrogate_v a_o universal_a ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n whereby_o he_o may_v excommunicate_v any_o christian_a king_n that_o shall_v not_o obey_v his_o canon_n and_o edict_n and_o upon_o this_o sentence_n once_o give_v he_o may_v depose_v he_o free_a his_o subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n and_o command_v they_o as_o catholic_n to_o rise_v in_o rebellion_n against_o he_o &_o some_o of_o they_o have_v teach_v that_o its_o a_o meritorious_a art_n to_o poison_n stab_n or_o any_o other_o way_n murder_n king_n for_o the_o promotion_n of_o the_o catholic_n cause_n this_o question_n after_o the_o term_n thereof_o clear_o explicate_v be_v of_o very_o great_a moment_n and_o let_v man_n advise_v well_o how_o they_o do_v determine_v either_o in_o their_o own_o judgement_n private_o or_o before_o other_o t._n h._n there_o be_v doctor_n that_o think_v there_o may_v be_v more_o sort_n that_o be_v more_o sovereign_n then_o one_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o set_v up_o a_o supremacy_n against_o the_o sovereignty_n canon_n against_o law_n and_o a_o ghostly_a authority_n against_o the_o civil_a etc._n etc._n g._n l._n there_o can_v be_v any_o sovereign_n but_o one_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o commonwealth_n and_o to_o set_v up_o supremacy_n against_o sovereignty_n canon_n against_o law_n ghostly_a authority_n against_o civil_a must_v needs_o be_v a_o cause_n of_o division_n confusion_n dissolution_n yet_o this_o will_v not_o prove_v any_o inconsistency_n of_o a_o ecclesiastical_a independent_a power_n with_o the_o civil_a sovereignty_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o community_n and_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o key_n give_v by_o christ_n unto_o the_o church_n and_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n trust_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o high_a power_n civil_a be_v real_a and_o signify_v some_o thing_n true_o different_a one_o from_o another_o though_o he_o either_o can_v or_o will_v not_o understand_v it_o with_o mr._n hobbs_n indeed_o this_o distinction_n can_v signisie_v nothing_o because_o he_o have_v give_v unto_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n a_o infallible_a judgement_n and_o a_o absolute_a power_n in_o all_o cause_n ecclesiastical_a and_o spiritual_a his_o discourse_n may_v be_v good_a against_o those_o ecclesiastical_a person_n who_o have_v usurp_v civil_a power_n otherwise_o it_o be_v impertinent_a and_o irrational_a and_o he_o must_v know_v that_o it_o be_v alike_o difficult_a to_o prove_v that_o the_o state_n have_v the_o power_n of_o the_o key_n as_o for_o to_o evince_v that_o the_o church_n have_v the_o power_n the_o sword_n it_o be_v as_o great_a a_o offence_n for_o the_o state_n to_o encroach_v upon_o the_o church_n as_o for_o the_o church_n to_o encroach_v upon_o the_o state_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v be_v high_o guilty_a of_o the_o one_o and_o many_o protestant_n prince_n and_o state_n of_o the_o other_o and_o though_o man_n will_v not_o see_v it_o yet_o its_o clear_a enough_o that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o community_n be_v capable_a both_o of_o a_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a government_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n and_o that_o the_o church_n and_o state_n be_v two_o distinct_a commonwealth_n the_o one_o spiritual_a and_o the_o other_o temporal_a though_o they_o consist_v of_o the_o same_o person_n and_o these_o person_n as_o christian_n consider_v in_o a_o spiritual_a capacity_n make_v up_o the_o community_n and_o commonwealth_n christian_n which_o be_v the_o church_n as_o they_o be_v man_n have_v temporal_a estate_n bodily_a life_n and_o liberty_n they_o be_v member_n of_o the_o civil_a community_n and_o commonwealth_n the_o power_n form_n of_o government_n administration_n law_n jurisdiction_n officer_n of_o the_o church_n be_v distinct_a and_o different_a from_o those_o of_o the_o state_n the_o sentence_n of_o the_o church_n be_v let_v he_o be_v a_o heathen_a or_o a_o publican_n and_o the_o execution_n be_v expect_v from_o heaven_n according_a to_o the_o promise_n whatsoever_o you_o bound_v on_o earth_n shall_v be_v bind_v in_o heaven_n and_o this_o sentence_n do_v take_v away_o some_o spiritual_a but_o no_o temporal_a or_o civil_a right_n of_o the_o person_n judge_v though_o the_o judgement_n be_v pass_v and_o make_v valid_a both_o in_o foro_fw-la interiore_fw-la &_o exteriore_fw-la the_o sentence_n of_o the_o civil_a state_n be_v let_v he_o be_v fine_v imprison_a stigmatise_v banish_v put_v to_o death_n and_o it_o be_v execute_v by_o the_o sword_n the_o several_a member_n of_o a_o church_n national_a and_o the_o whole_a church_n joint_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o civil_a power_n and_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n if_o a_o christian_a be_v subject_a to_o the_o church_n because_o as_o a_o christian_a he_o be_v subject_a to_o christ_n and_o bonnd_v by_o his_o law_n and_o as_o a_o civil_a sovereign_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o protect_v the_o church_n and_o he_o may_v by_o civil_a law_n ratify_v the_o ecclesiastical_a canon_n and_o then_o they_o bound_v not_o only_o under_o a_o spiritual_a but_o a_o civil_a penalty_n too_o if_o church-assembly_n give_v cause_n of_o jealousy_n to_o the_o civil_a power_n they_o may_v regulate_v they_o and_o order_v their_o proceed_n if_o they_o offend_v they_o may_v punish_v they_o their_o person_n life_n estate_n be_v under_o the_o sword_n and_o if_o this_o be_v take_v from_o they_o because_o they_o will_v not_o obey_v they_o to_o disobey_v christ_n they_o ought_v to_o suffer_v it_o patient_o 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or_o faculty_n for_o they_o be_v two_o distinct_a body_n politic_a it_o be_v true_a that_o if_o as_o some_o conceive_v there_o be_v no_o power_n but_o coactive_a of_o the_o sword_n than_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v one_o body_n but_o there_o be_v another_o power_n as_o you_o hear_v before_o 2._o if_o a_o king_n become_v christian_n by_o this_o he_o acquire_v no_o power_n not_o the_o least_o more_o than_o he_o have_v before_o and_o if_o he_o be_v heathen_a or_o mahometan_a and_o all_o his_o subject_n become_v christian_a he_o lose_v not_o one_o jot_n of_o his_o former_a civil_a power_n which_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o submit_v unto_o by_o the_o very_a law_n of_o christianity_n if_o he_o command_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o christ_n they_o may_v and_o must_v disobey_v but_o deny_v his_o power_n they_o may_v not_o they_o must_v not_o in_o this_o case_n a_o christian_a may_v be_v perplex_v between_o the_o devil_n and_o a_o gaoler_n as_o some_o of_o scotland_n be_v say_v to_o be_v when_o if_o they_o obey_v the_o parliament_n and_o join_v with_o duke_n hamilton_n to_o invade_v england_n the_o kirk_n excommunicate_v they_o and_o deliver_v they_o up_o to_o satan_n if_o they_o obey_v the_o church_n prohibit_v they_o they_o be_v cast_v in_o prison_n by_o the_o state_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o perplexity_n be_v not_o from_o this_o that_o the_o church_n and_o state_n be_v two_o distinct_a commonwealth_n but_o because_o the_o command_n of_o the_o one_o or_o both_o may_v be_v unjust_a t._n h._n some_o make_v the_o power_n of_o levy_v money_n depend_v upon_o a_o general_a assembly_n of_o conduct_n and_o command_v upon_o one_o man_n of_o make_v law_n upon_o the_o accidental_a consent_n of_o three_o such_o government_n be_v no_o government_n but_o a_o division_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n into_o three_o independent_a faction_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n here_o again_o he_o have_v make_v the_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o