fourteen_o twelve_o year_n her_o age_n of_o consent_n and_o nine_o year_n capable_a to_o be_v endow_v a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n give_v to_o sue_v a_o appeal_n the_o like_a limitation_n of_o a_o year_n and_o day_n in_o very_a many_o other_o case_n in_o effect_n who_o reduce_v all_o the_o know_a ground_n of_o the_o common_a law_n to_o that_o certainty_n that_o now_o they_o be_v because_o we_o can_v tell_v how_o or_o when_o they_o begin_v shall_v we_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o they_o begin_v by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n and_o infer_v that_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n they_o may_v be_v change_v at_o his_o pleasure_n if_o the_o king_n may_v increase_v his_o fine_n upon_o the_o purchase_n of_o original_a writt_n which_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n he_o may_v do_v that_o he_o may_v do_v his_o custom_n nay_o he_o have_v more_o colour_n for_o this_o then_o for_o that_o because_o there_o be_v no_o statute_n against_o this_o he_o may_v easy_o raise_v that_o revenue_n to_o the_o value_n of_o his_o custom_n but_o no_o man_n can_v nor_o will_v i_o hope_v offer_v to_o maintain_v it_o to_o be_v lawful_a you_o see_v the_o weakness_n and_o the_o dangerous_a consequence_n of_o this_o argument_n by_o compare_v it_o to_o other_o case_n of_o like_a nature_n to_o say_v the_o truth_n all_o these_o thing_n begin_v no_o man_n can_v say_v certain_o when_o or_o how_o but_o by_o a_o tacit_n consent_n of_o king_n and_o people_n and_o the_o long_a approbation_n of_o time_n beyond_o the_o memory_n of_o any_o man_n and_o yet_o no_o man_n can_v direct_o affirm_v but_o that_o most_o of_o they_o may_v begin_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n though_o now_o there_o be_v no_o record_n extant_a of_o such_o ancient_a parliament_n the_o first_o parliament_n be_v not_o keep_v 9_o h._n 3_o though_o it_o be_v the_o first_o in_o our_o book_n if_o we_o will_v give_v credit_n to_o other_o record_n and_o to_o our_o best_a chronicler_n parliament_n the_o antiquity_n of_o parliament_n we_o shall_v hear_v and_o read_v of_o divers_a parliament_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n and_o of_o his_o predecessor_n rich._n 1._o and_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o h._n 2._o of_o two_o famous_a parliament_n one_o at_o claringdon_n in_o wiltshire_n the_o other_o at_o gedington_n in_o north-hamptonshire_n and_o although_o our_o chronicle_n say_v that_o the_o first_o parliament_n keep_v in_o this_o realm_n be_v hold_v 19_o aprilis_n 16_o h._n 1._o yet_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o william_n the_o conqueror_n hold_v parliament_n for_o what_o can_v be_v else_o understand_v by_o these_o word_n per_fw-la common_a consilium_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la stabilitum_fw-la fuit_fw-la which_o i_o find_v in_o mr._n lambert_n collection_n of_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o england_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o law_n of_o w._n the_o conqueror_n many_o of_o the_o statute_n of_o e._n 1._o have_v no_o other_o word_n nay_o long_o before_o he_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 712._o in_o the_o time_n of_o inas_fw-la king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a i_o assure_v myself_o there_o be_v parliament_n hold_v and_o that_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n as_o at_o this_o day_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o these_o word_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o law_n of_o king_n inas_fw-la in_o mr._n lambert_n suasu_fw-la &_o instituto_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la senatorum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la &_o natu_fw-la majorum_fw-la populi_fw-la nostri_fw-la in_o frequentia_fw-la magna_fw-la and_o more_o plain_o in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o some_o other_o of_o his_o law_n hoc_fw-la factum_fw-la fuit_fw-la per_fw-la common_a consilium_fw-la &_o assensum_fw-la procerum_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la sapientium_fw-la seniorum_fw-la &_o populorum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o per_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la regis_fw-la inae_fw-la which_o be_v the_o same_o in_o latin_a which_o we_o be_v in_o english_a by_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o why_o may_v not_o the_o custom_n upon_o wool_n be_v first_o grant_v at_o one_o of_o these_o parliament_n as_o well_o as_o to_o have_v it_o first_o begin_v by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n there_o be_v no_o more_o probability_n of_o the_o one_o than_o the_o other_o because_o most_o of_o the_o ancient_a record_n be_v burn_v in_o h._n 2._o time_n when_o the_o exchequer_n be_v burn_v shall_v we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o there_o be_v neâ—er_o any_o such_o you_o see_v the_o weakness_n of_o this_o argument_n in_o all_o the_o point_n thereof_o i_o leave_v it_o and_o pass_v to_o another_o the_o king_n may_v say_v they_o restrain_v the_o passage_n of_o merchant_n at_o his_o pleasure_n answer_v the_o second_o argument_n that_o the_o king_n may_v total_o restrain_v the_o import_v and_o export_v of_o merchandize_n therefore_o he_o may_v do_v it_o sub_fw-la modo_fw-la by_o lay_v of_o a_o imposition_n answer_v which_o they_o prove_v by_o divers_a record_n 2_o e._n 1._o m._n 18._o ro._n par._n 2_o e_o 1._o m._n 17._o ro._n fin_n 31_o e._n 1._o n._n 44._o ro._n pat._n 17_o h._n 6._o ro._n clo._n in_o dorso_fw-la upon_o which_o they_o infer_v that_o if_o he_o may_v restrain_v a_o merchant_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o pass_v at_o all_o he_o may_v much_o more_o so_o restrain_v he_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o pass_v except_o he_o pay_v a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o this_o say_v they_o be_v less_o than_o total_o to_o restrain_v he_o and_o cui_fw-la licet_fw-la quod_fw-la majus_fw-la licet_fw-la etiam_fw-la quod_fw-la minus_fw-la of_o this_o argument_n my_o l._n dyer_n give_v light_a in_o his_o case_n of_o imposition_n 1_o eliz._n and_o this_o have_v be_v diverse_o enforce_v by_o all_o that_o have_v argue_v for_o imposition_n in_o answer_n of_o which_o i_o will_v consider_v how_o far_o the_o king_n may_v restrain_v the_o passage_n of_o merchant_n and_o then_o will_v examine_v the_o consequence_n of_o the_o argument_n for_o my_o part_n i_o think_v the_o king_n can_v restrain_v the_o passage_n of_o merchant_n but_o for_o some_o special_a cause_n wherein_o to_o define_v certain_o and_o resolute_o to_o say_v for_o what_o cause_v he_o may_v and_o for_o what_o not_o i_o will_v not_o undertake_v only_o let_v i_o inform_v you_o that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o of_o these_o precedent_n vouch_v by_o they_o to_o prove_v the_o king_n power_n to_o restrain_v but_o they_o be_v upon_o special_a reason_n as_o by_o reason_n of_o enmity_n with_o such_o a_o nation_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v restrain_v or_o because_o such_o a_o commodity_n may_v not_o be_v spare_v within_o the_o kingdom_n beside_o they_o be_v not_o restraint_n from_o all_o place_n and_o of_o all_o manner_n of_o merchandize_n but_o from_o certain_a place_n only_o and_o for_o certain_a sort_n of_o merchandize_n and_o for_o my_o part_n i_o think_v that_o restraint_n in_o all_o these_o case_n and_o of_o like_a nature_n be_v by_o the_o common-law_n leave_v to_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n for_o if_o it_o be_v otherwise_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o a_o merchant_n for_o a_o little_a private_a lucre_n to_o enrich_v the_o king_n enemy_n or_o to_o furnish_v they_o with_o munition_n to_o be_v employ_v against_o the_o state_n or_o utter_o to_o ruin_v the_o commonwealth_n by_o carry_v out_o a_o commodity_n which_o may_v not_o be_v spare_v or_o by_o bring_v in_o of_o some_o that_o may_v be_v hurtful_a nay_o which_o be_v more_o such_o may_v be_v the_o occasion_n that_o the_o king_n may_v i_o doubt_v not_o stop_v the_o passage_n of_o all_o merchant_n from_o all_o place_n for_o a_o short_a time_n as_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n it_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n to_o prevent_v intelligence_n there_o may_v likewise_o be_v such_o necessary_a use_n of_o their_o ship_n as_o the_o want_n of_o they_o upon_o some_o sudden_a attempt_n may_v be_v a_o cause_n of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o whole_a state_n in_o such_o case_n as_o these_o if_o the_o common_a law_n do_v not_o give_v the_o king_n leave_v to_o restrain_v their_o passage_n by_o his_o absolute_a power_n it_o be_v very_o improvident_a in_o the_o high_a point_n which_o can_v be_v imagine_v of_o so_o wise_a a_o law_n and_o yet_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v always_o be_v spare_v in_o the_o practice_n of_o their_o absolute_a power_n in_o this_o point_n for_o there_o be_v little_o less_o than_o 30._o act_n of_o parliament_n touch_v the_o open_n and_o shut_v up_o of_o the_o passage_n of_o merchant_n most_o of_o which_o as_o i_o conceive_v be_v make_v rather_o for_o the_o increase_n of_o punishment_n then_o for_o want_v of_o power_n in_o the_o king_n for_o the_o breach_n of_o a_o restraint_n by_o absolute_a commandment_n be_v punishable_a as_o all_o other_o contempt_n only_o by_o fine_a and_o imprisonment_n and_o not_o by_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o merchandize_n
yield_v to_o in_o parliament_n and_o grant_v for_o three_o year_n make_v a_o conditional_a petition_n that_o if_o any_o imposition_n be_v lay_v upon_o wool_n wooll-fells_a or_o leather_n more_o than_o the_o subsidy_n grant_v in_o parliament_n that_o it_o may_v be_v take_v away_o the_o king_n answer_v that_o if_o any_o be_v lay_v since_o the_o statute_n it_o shall_v be_v take_v away_o and_o then_o follow_v the_o print_a statute_n an._n 45._o ed._n 3._o cap._n 4._o that_o no_o imposition_n be_v lay_v upon_o wool_n wooll-fells_a or_o leather_n which_o be_v the_o first_o place_n where_o i_o find_v imposition_n name_v in_o our_o print_a book_n i_o find_v they_o first_o name_v upon_o my_o latin_a record_n 12._o ed._n 3._o in_o the_o king_n letter_n to_o the_o archbishop_n and_o first_o upon_o any_o record_n in_o french_a not_o print_v an._n 21._o ed._n 3._o num._n 16._o ro._n parliament_n but_o to_o proceed_v about_o a_o year_n follow_v this_o parliament_n of_o 45._o near_o which_o time_n the_o subsidy_n grant_v an._n 43._o parl._n 46._o ed._n 3._o nu._n 10._o ro._n parl._n for_o three_o year_n be_v expire_v there_o be_v another_o subsidy_n of_o forty_o three_o shilling_n four_o penny_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n as_o much_o upon_o twelve_o score_n wooll-fells_a and_o five_o pound_n upon_o a_o last_o of_o leather_n above_o the_o ancient_a custom_n grant_v in_o parliament_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o war_n in_o guienne_n to_o endure_v for_o two_o year_n for_o which_o the_o king_n likewise_o give_v thanks_o the_o next_o year_n follow_v the_o subsidy_n grant_v the_o last_o parliament_n parl._n 46._o ed._n 3._o nu._n 12_o ro._n parl._n be_v continue_v from_o michaelmas_n for_o a_o year_n without_o any_o condition_n and_o for_o the_o next_o year_n upon_o condition_n among_o other_o thing_n that_o no_o imposition_n be_v lay_v during_o the_o two_o year_n scac._n 48._o e._n 3._o ro._n 2._o orig._n de_fw-fr scac._n and_o that_o the_o money_n levy_v be_v employ_v upon_o the_o war_n in_o the_o next_o year_n follow_v the_o king_n take_v as_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o merchant_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n of_o denizen_n fifty_o shilling_n and_o of_o stranger_n four_o mark_n upon_o 240._o wooll-fells_a of_o denizen_n fifty_o shilling_n and_o of_o stranger_n four_o mark_n and_o upon_o every_o last_o of_o leather_n of_o denizen_n five_o pound_n and_o of_o stranger_n eight_o mark_n though_o this_o record_n pretend_v nothing_o but_o the_o grant_n of_o merchant_n yet_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o matter_n no_o other_o than_o a_o dispensation_n for_o so_o much_o money_n for_o at_o this_o time_n the_o passage_n be_v not_o open_a other_z then_o to_o calais_n where_o the_o staple_n than_o be_v as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o two_o record_n of_o 38._o ed._n 3._o ro._n parl._n &_o 50._o ed._n 3._o num._n 24._o and_o yet_o you_o may_v see_v how_o hateful_a even_o these_o imposition_n by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n which_o be_v far_o more_o tolerable_a than_o our_o present_a imposition_n be_v in_o those_o day_n for_o within_o two_o year_n follow_v one_o richard_z lion_n 1â—…â—…_n lion_n 5â—…_n 1â—…â—…_n farmer_n of_o the_o custom_n among_o other_o thing_n lay_v to_o his_o charge_n be_v accuse_v in_o parliament_n for_o set_v or_o procure_v to_o be_v set_v new_a imposition_n not_o show_v of_o what_o nature_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n and_o be_v adjudge_v to_o forfeit_v his_o good_n and_o land_n parl._n 50_o e._n 3._o n._n ro._n parl._n but_o more_o particular_o the_o lord_n latymer_n lord_n chamberlain_n of_o england_n be_v express_o accuse_v that_o he_o combine_v with_o richard_n lion_n and_o other_o who_o for_o their_o own_o profit_n have_v procure_v and_o counsel_v the_o king_n to_o grant_v many_o licence_n for_o the_o transport_v of_o great_a quantity_n of_o wool_n beyond_o the_o sea_n other_o then_o to_o the_o staple_n at_o calais_n against_o divers_a ordinance_n and_o commandment_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o have_v put_v upon_o wool_n and_o woolfells_a new_a imposition_n here_o you_o see_v that_o the_o device_n of_o dispensation_n for_o money_n have_v the_o name_n of_o a_o imposition_n in_o those_o day_n though_o indeed_o it_o be_v not_o in_o its_o nature_n a_o mere_a imposition_n or_o at_o least_o not_o such_o a_o one_o as_o those_o be_v which_o we_o complain_v of_o but_o such_o as_o it_o be_v you_o see_v how_o from_o time_n to_o time_n it_o have_v be_v condemn_v and_o how_o it_o be_v reckon_v up_o among_o the_o most_o heinous_a fault_n of_o those_o two_o great_a offender_n who_o though_o perhaps_o they_o be_v condemn_v also_o for_o other_o offence_n yet_o the_o lay_n of_o these_o to_o their_o charge_n do_v show_v the_o great_a hate_n general_o conceive_v against_o imposition_n of_o this_o kind_n i_o may_v here_o further_o add_v in_o proof_n of_o the_o invalidity_n of_o these_o dispensation_n that_o certain_a merchant_n have_v obtain_v some_o of_o these_o and_o have_v also_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o king_n proclamation_n to_o dispense_v with_o the_o statute_n which_o restrain_v their_o passage_n yet_o they_o never_o think_v themselves_o secure_a from_o this_o punishment_n of_o the_o statute_n till_o they_o be_v provide_v for_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o a_o statute_n print_v anno_fw-la 35_o ed._n 3._o cap._n 21._o to_o allege_v therefore_o any_o of_o this_o kind_n thereby_o to_o prove_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o we_o can_v but_o argue_v a_o weak_a cause_n for_o first_o as_o i_o have_v say_v there_o be_v far_o more_o reason_n and_o colour_n for_o these_o then_o for_o we_o for_o in_o this_o case_n no_o man_n be_v compel_v to_o pay_v that_o do_v it_o not_o to_o avoid_v a_o great_a mischief_n for_o by_o pay_v the_o imposition_n he_o be_v free_a from_o a_o grievous_a punishment_n for_o breach_n of_o a_o penal_a law_n which_o restrain_v his_o passage_n whereas_o in_o our_o case_n a_o charge_n be_v lay_v upon_o he_o for_o exercise_v his_o lawful_a trade_n where_o no_o statute_n law_n or_o common_a law_n be_v to_o the_o contrary_a but_o rather_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o make_v for_o he_o but_o it_o may_v be_v here_o object_v that_o the_o king_n may_v lawful_o restrain_v the_o breach_n of_o which_o restraint_n be_v a_o contempt_n and_o against_o law_n and_o that_o to_o impose_v do_v imply_v a_o restraint_n upon_o a_o penalty_n suppose_v it_o be_v so_o yet_o if_o in_o case_n where_o the_o restraint_n be_v not_o only_o by_o the_o king_n but_o the_o whole_a estate_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n for_o some_o urgent_a cause_n it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o give_v licence_n for_o money_n as_o you_o perceive_v it_o be_v how_o much_o more_o be_v it_o so_o where_o the_o restraint_n be_v for_o no_o other_o purpose_n then_o to_o raise_v a_o imposition_n as_o in_o our_o case_n but_o of_o this_o more_o large_o hereafter_o another_o devise_n of_o raise_v imposition_n without_o assent_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n parliament_n imposition_n raise_v by_o way_n of_o ordinance_n in_o parliament_n practise_v by_o ed._n 3._o be_v by_o way_n of_o ordinance_n which_o indeed_o be_v in_o the_o next_o degree_n of_o strength_n unto_o a_o statute_n for_o it_o be_v a_o constitution_n make_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o all_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n not_o at_o the_o counsel_n table_n or_o in_o the_o king_n chamber_n but_o sit_v solemn_o in_o parliament_n and_o have_v also_o the_o like_a solemnity_n of_o enrolment_n that_o a_o statute_n have_v only_o it_o be_v enroll_v in_o a_o roll_n by_o itself_o which_o have_v the_o name_n of_o the_o roll_n of_o the_o ordinance_n but_o the_o only_a essential_a difference_n between_o this_o and_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v that_o this_o have_v not_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o commons_o some_o ordinance_n have_v have_v that_o estimation_n among_o we_o that_o they_o have_v at_o this_o day_n the_o force_n of_o statute_n as_o the_o ordinance_n of_o merton_n make_v 20_o hen._n 3._o which_o though_o it_o be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o ordinance_n make_v by_o the_o king_n the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n without_o assent_n of_o the_o commons_o yet_o have_v it_o by_o continuance_n of_o time_n get_v not_o only_o the_o strength_n but_o the_o name_n also_o of_o a_o statute_n there_o be_v some_o other_o of_o this_o by_o nature_n and_o we_o find_v it_o usual_a that_o the_o name_n of_o statute_n and_o ordinance_n have_v be_v indifferent_o and_o confuse_o use_v to_o express_v the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o so_o as_o there_o be_v not_o any_o other_o more_o probable_a devise_n or_o invention_n to_o have_v bring_v the_o people_n under_o the_o yoke_n of_o imposition_n without_o their_o own_o assent_n than_o be_v this_o by_o the_o way_n of_o ordinance_n nay_o to_o add_v yet_o a_o further_a strength_n to_o
of_o imposition_n and_o without_o which_o they_o can_v long_o last_v you_o have_v now_o hear_v open_v three_o of_o those_o six_o precedent_n which_o be_v most_o rely_v upon_o for_o mantenance_n of_o these_o present_a imposition_n which_o be_v all_o that_o have_v be_v urge_v or_o can_v be_v find_v to_o have_v be_v practise_v from_o the_o conquest_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o ed._n 3._o during_o which_o time_n there_o be_v as_o you_o see_v as_o many_o public_a act_n in_o opposition_n of_o they_o which_o be_v of_o so_o much_o the_o more_o force_n in_o that_o they_o be_v the_o legal_a regular_a act_n of_o great_a counsel_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a part_n those_o three_o imposition_n be_v the_o act_n of_o powerful_a king_n will_n in_o the_o time_n of_o extreme_a necessity_n as_o for_o ed._n 2._o 2._o edw._n 2._o his_o successor_n there_o have_v not_o be_v one_o imposition_n allege_v to_o have_v be_v lay_v by_o he_o of_o one_o kind_n or_o other_o nay_o all_o the_o record_n touch_v this_o business_n find_v in_o his_o time_n be_v only_o four_o make_v direct_o against_o they_o the_o first_o be_v anno_fw-la 3._o which_o be_v as_o you_o have_v hear_v a_o release_n at_o the_o king_n will_v upon_o complaint_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o imposition_n raise_v by_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la the_o second_o be_v the_o ordinance_n make_v a_o 5._o declare_v charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la and_o all_o other_o imposition_n to_o be_v void_a and_o inflict_a punishment_n upon_o such_o as_o shall_v demand_v any_o the_o three_o be_v a_o 11._o which_o be_v a_o supersede_n as_o to_o discharge_v certain_a commodity_n from_o yield_v a_o increase_n of_o custom_n grant_v by_o merchant_n by_o way_n of_o loan_n which_o in_o great_a probability_n the_o king_n will_v never_o have_v release_v but_o upon_o complaint_n the_o rather_o i_o think_v so_o because_o as_o the_o record_n recite_v it_o be_v grant_v in_o a_o time_n of_o great_a necessity_n the_o four_o be_v anno_fw-la 12._o and_o be_v much_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n the_o recital_n of_o which_o contain_v some_o very_a observable_a thing_n which_o i_o will_v open_v unto_o you_o it_o show_v first_o in_o very_o effectual_a word_n the_o greatness_n of_o the_o king_n want_n and_o the_o cause_n thereof_o the_o word_n be_v cum_fw-la pro_fw-la expeditione_n guerrae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la scotiae_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la arduis_fw-la necessitatibus_fw-la nobis_fw-la multipliciter_fw-la incumbentibus_fw-la pro_fw-la quarum_fw-la exoneratione_fw-la quasi_fw-la infinitam_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la profundere_fw-la oportebit_fw-la pecunia_fw-la plurimum_fw-la indigeamus_fw-la in_o presenti_fw-la ac_fw-la insuper_fw-la pro_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la exitus_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o terrae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la simul_fw-la cum_fw-la pecunia_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o subventionem_fw-la praemissorum_fw-la tam_fw-la pro_fw-la clerum_fw-la quam_fw-la pro_fw-la comunitatem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la concessa_fw-la ad_fw-la sumptus_fw-la predictos_fw-la cum_fw-la festinationem_fw-la qua_fw-la expediret_fw-la faciend_n non_fw-la sufficiunt_fw-la here_o be_v cause_n if_o any_o cause_n may_v possible_o be_v just_a for_o the_o king_n present_o to_o put_v in_o practice_v his_o prerogative_n of_o imposition_n his_o expense_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o necessary_a war_n in_o scotland_n be_v so_o great_a as_o the_o whole_a revenue_n of_o the_o kingdom_n together_o with_o a_o aid_n which_o have_v be_v late_o grant_v he_o can_v not_o with_o that_o expedition_n that_o be_v requisite_a supply_v his_o present_a want_n do_v he_o for_o all_o this_o make_v use_v of_o his_o prerogative_n of_o impose_v or_o do_v he_o hasty_o for_o want_v of_o advise_v proceed_n take_v some_o other_o course_n prejudicial_a to_o his_o right_n no_o the_o record_n further_o say_v that_o he_o inquire_v by_o all_o way_n and_o mean_n how_o he_o may_v most_o commodious_o and_o fit_o levy_v money_n for_o these_o occasion_n after_o which_o advise_v deliberation_n the_o course_n at_o last_o resolve_v upon_o be_v not_o by_o absolute_a power_n to_o lay_v imposition_n which_o of_o all_o other_o course_n if_o it_o have_v be_v lawful_a have_v be_v the_o most_o speedy_a and_o beneficial_a but_o a_o course_n more_o justifiable_a which_o be_v that_o merchant_n shall_v be_v call_v together_o and_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v entreat_v to_o lend_v the_o king_n upon_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n 10._o shilling_n and_o upon_o every_o last_o of_o leather_n 5._o shilling_n above_o the_o ancient_a custom_n and_o that_o for_o their_o security_n of_o true_a repayment_n without_o fiction_n or_o delay_n which_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o record_n whereby_o it_o seem_v that_o only_a a_o pretence_n of_o a_o loane_n and_o repayment_n have_v be_v before_o that_o time_n use_v to_o colour_n imposition_n commandment_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o customer_n to_o certify_v into_o the_o exchequer_n the_o name_n of_o every_o particular_a merchant_n that_o shall_v so_o lend_v unto_o the_o king_n that_o they_o may_v according_o receive_v full_a satisfaction_n and_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o observe_n that_o this_o loane_n be_v for_o no_o long_a time_n then_o from_o april_n till_o october_n follow_v thus_o much_o be_v warrant_v by_o the_o record_n so_o as_o you_o see_v that_o in_o all_o this_o time_n of_o this_o king_n ed._n 2._o imposition_n be_v not_o only_o altogether_o forbear_v even_o in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o great_a necessity_n but_o they_o be_v also_o condemn_v as_o unjust_a and_o utter_o unlawful_a we_o come_v now_o to_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n ed._n 3._o 3._o ed._n 3._o in_o who_o time_n there_o be_v no_o practice_n or_o mean_n that_o by_o the_o policy_n of_o man_n can_v be_v think_v on_o to_o bring_v the_o people_n under_o this_o yoke_n of_o imposition_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n but_o it_o be_v by_o he_o attempt_v insomuch_o as_o i_o have_v in_o my_o observation_n out_o of_o the_o record_n collect_v no_o less_o than_o five_o or_o six_o several_a way_n all_o of_o they_o very_o colourable_a which_o in_o his_o time_n be_v put_v in_o practice_n for_o the_o raise_n of_o imposition_n and_o yet_o none_o of_o they_o but_o be_v resist_v by_o parliament_n and_o condemn_v that_o which_o be_v most_o usual_a with_o he_o be_v that_o merchant_n shall_v grant_v to_o pay_v he_o so_o much_o upon_o every_o commodity_n export_v or_o import_v by_o way_n of_o increase_n of_o custom_n merchant_n imposition_n by_o way_n of_o grant_n of_o merchant_n this_o seem_v not_o unreasonable_a for_o that_o every_o man_n may_v grant_v of_o his_o own_o what_o he_o list_v and_o this_o also_o to_o make_v it_o more_o colourable_a be_v never_o attempt_v but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n and_o yet_o as_o it_o have_v be_v past_o say_v already_o this_o be_v always_o hold_v unlawful_a as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o 17_o e._n 3._o parl._n 17_o e._n 3._o no._n 27._o ro._n parl._n where_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o great_a mischief_n and_o against_o reason_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v enforce_v to_o pay_v the_o dear_a for_o commodity_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o charge_n upon_o merchandize_n by_o the_o grant_n of_o merchant_n anno_fw-la 25._o edw._n 3._o parl._n 25_o e._n 3._o no._n 22._o ro._n parl._n the_o which_o be_v a_o charge_n to_o the_o people_n though_o none_o to_o the_o merchant_n the_o commons_o recite_v that_o whereas_o merchant_n have_v grant_v a_o new_a increase_n of_o custom_n to_o the_o king_n pray_v that_o commission_n to_o collect_v such_o new_a increase_n of_o custom_n by_o singular_a grant_n of_o merchant_n be_v not_o award_v anno_fw-la 36_o ed._n 3._o cap._n 11._o among_o the_o print_a statute_n grant_v of_o subsidy_n upon_o wool_n by_o merchant_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v void_a which_o act_n be_v make_v upon_o a_o petition_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o anno_fw-la 36_o ed._n 3._o desire_v a_o law_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o same_o effect_n if_o imposition_n raise_v by_o the_o grant_n of_o merchant_n parl._n 36_o e._n 3._o no_o 26._o ro._n parl._n which_o i_o suppose_v to_o have_v be_v by_o some_o public_a and_o solemn_a instrument_n under_o the_o hand_n and_o seal_n of_o the_o principal_a merchant_n of_o all_o the_o great_a town_n of_o england_n be_v call_v together_o for_o that_o purpose_n be_v not_o of_o force_n in_o this_o behalf_n much_o less_o be_v their_o bare_a assent_n without_o any_o such_o solemnity_n which_o also_o be_v a_o course_n in_o practice_n in_o the_o day_n of_o ed._n 3._o and_o be_v also_o use_v in_o the_o lay_n of_o these_o present_a imposition_n which_o we_o now_o complain_v of_o another_o mean_n of_o raise_v imposition_n use_v by_o ed._n 3._o be_v by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n for_o money_n with_o some_o statute_n in_o force_n law_n imposition_n by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n with_o a_o penal_a law_n which_o restrain_v the_o passage_n of_o merchant_n most_o of_o his_o
king_n to_o sustain_v any_o public_a charge_n except_o it_o be_v by_o their_o own_o consent_n in_o parliament_n i_o proceed_v from_o ed._n 4._o to_o hen._n 7._o 7._o hen._n 7._o omit_v ed._n 5._o and_o ric._n 3._o because_o of_o the_o shortness_n of_o their_o reign_n hen._n 7._o book_n h._n 7._o have_v a_o subsidy_n of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n grant_v to_o he_o for_o his_o life_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o parl._n roll_v 1_o h._n 7._o which_o appear_v no_o where_n in_o our_o print_a book_n have_v indeed_o a_o more_o peaceable_a time_n than_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v not_o altogether_o free_a from_o trouble_n both_o within_o the_o realm_n and_o from_o abroad_o but_o his_o natural_a inclination_n be_v rather_o to_o embrace_v peace_n he_o be_v so_o provident_a and_o politic_a in_o the_o gather_n and_o store_v up_o of_o treasure_n as_o never_o any_o prince_n of_o this_o realm_n be_v therein_o to_o be_v compare_v to_o he_o he_o do_v himself_o take_v the_o account_n of_o his_o revenue_n which_o i_o have_v see_v under_o his_o own_o hand_n he_o have_v for_o his_o assistant_n about_o he_o empson_n and_o dudley_n man_n learn_v in_o the_o law_n and_o by_o all_o probability_n very_o can_v in_o all_o the_o profitable_a point_n of_o the_o prerogative_n man_n that_o that_o intend_a or_o study_v little_o else_o than_o the_o advance_n of_o their_o master_n profit_n man_n even_o till_o this_o day_n infamous_a for_o their_o wicked_a counsel_n in_o persuade_v that_o good_a king_n to_o lay_v such_o heavy_a exaction_n and_o burden_n upon_o his_o people_n as_o he_o do_v if_o these_o man_n who_o in_o all_o likelihood_n shall_v have_v best_o know_v the_o king_n right_a especial_o in_o so_o high_a a_o point_n of_o profit_n have_v but_o have_v the_o least_o notice_n of_o so_o profitable_a a_o prerogative_n as_o this_o will_v they_o not_o have_v be_v at_o strife_n which_o of_o they_o shall_v first_o have_v put_v the_o king_n in_o mind_n thereof_o or_o if_o they_o have_v hold_v it_o questionable_a will_v they_o not_o have_v put_v it_o to_o some_o trial_n certain_o there_o can_v be_v no_o cause_n imagine_v that_o shall_v make_v they_o thus_o to_o forbear_v but_o either_o they_o be_v utter_o ignorant_a of_o any_o such_o prerogative_n or_o that_o know_v such_o a_o thing_n to_o be_v claim_v by_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_a king_n especial_o by_o ed._n 3_o they_o know_v likewise_o that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o same_o time_n continual_o complain_v of_o in_o parliament_n and_o always_o condemn_v and_o that_o there_o be_v act_n of_o parliament_n direct_o against_o it_o and_o this_o be_v more_o probable_o to_o be_v conceive_v of_o they_o be_v man_n of_o such_o search_a spirit_n and_o so_o well_o study_v in_o point_n of_o prerogative_n then_o that_o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o practice_n of_o ed._n 3._o consider_v also_o that_o they_o be_v near_o to_o those_o time_n by_o 120_o year_n then_o we_o be_v but_o that_o which_o most_o of_o all_o move_v i_o herein_o be_v that_o there_o be_v in_o h._n 7._o time_n such_o a_o occasion_n offer_v of_o make_v use_n of_o this_o prerogative_n as_o there_o can_v not_o possible_o happen_v any_o other_o that_o may_v better_o have_v justify_v the_o lay_n of_o imposition_n which_o be_v this_o the_o venetian_n to_o the_o intent_n to_o drive_v our_o merchant_n from_o fetch_v sweet_a wine_n at_o candy_n that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o employ_v their_o own_o ship_n and_o merchant_n do_v impose_v upon_o every_o but_o of_o malmsey_n bring_v thence_o by_o english_a merchant_n four_o ducat_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o english_a whole_o lose_v that_o trade_n and_o the_o venetian_n make_v the_o whole_a profit_n thereof_o this_o mischief_n be_v no_o other_o way_n better_o to_o be_v remedy_v than_o by_o impose_v the_o like_a or_o a_o great_a charge_n upon_o merchant_n of_o candy_n bring_v malmsey_n into_o england_n that_o so_o they_o of_o candy_n not_o be_v able_a to_o afford_v they_o better_o cheap_a than_o the_o english_a the_o english_a may_v still_o fetch_v they_o from_o candy_n as_o they_o have_v wont_a to_o do_v i_o say_v there_o can_v not_o possible_o be_v a_o more_o justifiable_a occasion_n of_o lay_v imposition_n than_o this_o be_v and_o do_v this_o king_n so_o careful_a in_o other_o thing_n of_o preserve_v his_o prerogative_n and_o most_o of_o all_o in_o matter_n that_o concern_v his_o profit_n take_v hold_v of_o this_o occasion_n to_o lay_v a_o imposition_n by_o his_o absolute_a power_n nay_o rather_o though_o he_o see_v it_o convenient_a and_o in_o a_o manner_n necessary_a yet_o he_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v unlawful_a so_o to_o do_v and_o therefore_o do_v it_o not_o by_o his_o absolute_a power_n but_o by_o assent_n of_o parliament_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 7_o hen._n 7._o cap._n 7._o print_v where_o in_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o act_n you_o shall_v see_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o make_n of_o the_o act_n to_o be_v as_o i_o have_v open_v it_o unto_o you_o and_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o act_n that_o for_o the_o counterpoyse_v of_o the_o imposition_n of_o four_o ducat_n lay_v by_o the_o venetian_n upon_o our_o merchant_n there_o be_v impose_v 18s._o for_o a_o but_o of_o malmsey_n upon_o their_o merchant_n bring_v it_o hither_o to_o last_o as_o long_o as_o the_o imposition_n of_o four_o ducat_n which_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o act_n come_v but_o to_o 18s._o of_o our_o money_n shall_v endure_v it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o this_o king_n consider_v his_o other_o action_n will_v have_v suffer_v this_o to_o have_v be_v do_v by_o parliament_n if_o he_o have_v think_v he_o may_v have_v lawful_o do_v it_o by_o his_o absolute_a power_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v almost_o be_v gainsaid_a that_o in_o these_o time_n this_o pretend_a prerogative_n of_o lay_v imposition_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v against_o law_n hen._n 8._o his_o son_n and_o successor_n 8._o hen._n 8._o be_v so_o far_o from_o the_o disposition_n of_o his_o father_n in_o this_o point_n of_o thrift_n and_o providence_n roll._n hen._n 8._o have_v a_o subsidy_n of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n grant_v to_o he_o for_o his_o life_n the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o parl._n roll._n as_o there_o be_v not_o in_o the_o whole_a rank_n of_o our_o king_n any_o one_o like_a to_o he_o for_o excessive_a prodigality_n the_o great_a riches_n store_v up_o by_o his_o father_n with_o so_o much_o care_n and_o leave_v unto_o he_o he_o so_o sudden_o consume_v in_o triumph_n mask_n mummery_n banquet_n pompous_a and_o brave_a war_n as_o be_v that_o of_o turwin_n and_o turney_n and_o in_o the_o satsfy_n of_o his_o lust_n as_o he_o be_v out_o of_o very_a necessity_n enforce_v to_o crave_v most_o unreasonable_a aid_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o parliament_n such_o as_o never_o before_o have_v be_v grant_v which_o through_o very_o dread_a and_o fear_n be_v yield_v to_o he_o yet_o not_o so_o satisfy_v that_o no_o mean_n for_o the_o raise_n of_o money_n may_v be_v neglect_v or_o unattempted_a in_o the_o 15_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n by_o the_o council_n of_o that_o proud_a prelate_n cardinal_n woolsey_n he_o spare_v not_o to_o send_v out_o commission_n into_o every_o shire_n throughout_o the_o whole_a realm_n with_o privy_a instruction_n to_o the_o commissioner_n how_o they_o shall_v with_o most_o advantage_n behave_v themselves_o in_o persuade_v the_o people_n to_o contribute_v to_o the_o king_n the_o sixth_o part_n of_o their_o whole_a estate_n to_o be_v pay_v present_o either_o in_o money_n or_o plate_n whereupon_o follow_v extreme_a curse_v weep_a and_o exclamation_n against_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n and_o the_o people_n be_v in_o point_n to_o rebel_n have_v not_o the_o king_n stay_v the_o proceed_n of_o the_o commissioner_n by_o his_o letter_n find_v that_o this_o way_n will_v not_o serve_v his_o turn_n he_o demand_v a_o benevolence_n which_o not_o answer_v his_o expectation_n he_o do_v the_o same_o year_n raise_v unto_o himself_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o treasure_n by_o abase_v his_o gold_n such_o thing_n as_o these_o prince_n never_o put_v in_o practice_n but_o when_o all_o other_o mean_n fail_v they_o and_o yet_o he_o go_v many_o degree_n beyond_o this_o for_o in_o the_o 27._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o suppress_v above_o 370_o religious_a house_n the_o yearly_a value_n of_o who_o revenue_n i_o have_v read_v to_o be_v no_o less_o than_o 32000l._o per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o those_o day_n and_o that_o of_o their_o good_n sell_v at_o very_o low_a prize_n he_o make_v above_o 100000l._o in_o present_a money_n about_o 4._o year_n after_o he_o dissolve_v all_o the_o monastery_n abbey_v priory_n
law_n together_o the_o petition_n for_o present_a ease_n be_v to_o be_v release_v only_o of_o the_o maletolt_n of_o four_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n which_o be_v yield_v to_o the_o security_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v be_v we_o will_v take_v no_o such_o thing_n the_o save_v which_o follow_v that_o be_v save_v the_o custom_n of_o wool_n woolfell_n and_o leather_n i_o observe_v the_o save_a extend_v not_o to_o wool_n alone_o as_o the_o petition_n do_v but_o also_o to_o wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n by_o express_a name_n by_o which_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o security_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n than_o to_o stretch_v only_o to_o wool_n as_o have_v be_v object_v for_o else_o to_o what_o end_n shall_v wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n be_v except_v in_o the_o save_n if_o they_o have_v not_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o general_a word_n no_o such_o thing_n a_o exception_n can_v be_v but_o of_o a_o thing_n contain_v in_o former_a word_n if_o therefore_o the_o grant_n will_v have_v extend_v to_o wooll-fells_a if_o they_o have_v not_o be_v special_o except_v then_o do_v i_o conclude_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o it_o do_v extend_v to_o all_o other_o merchandize_v not_o except_v for_o the_o word_n be_v general_a and_o so_o i_o leave_v this_o law_n clear_v of_o all_o objection_n and_o very_o full_a against_o imposition_n the_o next_o statute_n make_v against_o they_o be_v 14_o ed._n 3._o objection_n the_o four_o statute_n urge_v against_o imposition_n 14_o e_z 3._o cap._n 11._o clear_v from_o objection_n cap._n 21._o by_o the_o first_o part_n of_o which_o law_n you_o may_v perceive_v that_o whereas_o the_o commons_o have_v pray_v the_o king_n not_o to_o take_v of_o wool_n wooll-fells_a leather_n tyn_n or_o lead_v any_o more_o than_o the_o ancient_a custom_n the_o king_n pray_v they_o to_o grant_v he_o forty_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n for_o a_o year_n and_o a_o half_a which_o they_o grant_v whereupon_o the_o king_n by_o way_n of_o retribution_n and_o in_o answer_n of_o their_o petition_n as_o touch_v the_o wool_n cause_v it_o to_o be_v enact_v for_o their_o security_n in_o time_n to_o come_v that_o neither_o he_o nor_o his_o heir_n will_v demand_v assess_v nor_o take_v more_o custom_n of_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n than_o six_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n and_o so_o likewise_o upon_o wool_n and_o leather_n no_o more_o than_o the_o ancient_a custom_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n all_o this_o while_n there_o be_v no_o answer_n give_v touch_v the_o tyn_n and_o lead_v mention_v in_o the_o petition_n upon_o which_o as_o it_o appear_v the_o king_n have_v also_o lay_v imposition_n but_o there_o do_v follow_v certain_a general_a word_n by_o which_o not_o only_o tyn_n and_o lead_v but_o all_o other_o commodity_n whatsoever_o be_v free_v from_o imposition_n the_o word_n be_v the_o king_n promise_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o earl_n baron_n and_o other_o of_o his_o parliament_n no_o more_o to_o charge_n set_v or_o assess_v upon_o the_o custom_n but_o in_o manner_n aforesaid_a except_o these_o word_n do_v extend_v to_o lead_v and_o tyn_n to_o free_v they_o from_o imposition_n for_o time_n to_o come_v as_o well_o as_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n be_v free_v by_o the_o former_a special_a word_n their_o petition_n touch_v tyn_n and_o lead_n be_v no_o way_n answer_v and_o if_o they_o do_v extend_v to_o tyn_n and_o lead_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o generalty_n of_o the_o word_n they_o do_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n extend_v to_o all_o commodity_n for_o what_o more_o liberal_a word_n can_v there_o be_v than_o these_o that_o the_o king_n will_v not_o charge_v set_v or_o assess_v upon_o the_o custom_n these_o word_n the_o custom_n be_v word_n indefinite_a be_v you_o know_v equivalent_a to_o a_o universal_a according_a to_o the_o rule_n indefinitum_fw-la aequipollet_fw-la universali_fw-la and_o although_o the_o king_n do_v but_o promise_v yet_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o in_o this_o case_n his_o promise_n be_v a_o law_n and_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o observe_n that_o the_o lord_n do_v in_o very_o extraordinary_a and_o unusual_a manner_n solemn_o undertake_v as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o lie_v that_o they_o shall_v procure_v the_o king_n to_o hold_v the_o same_o and_o that_o they_o shall_v in_o no_o wise_a assent_n to_o the_o contrary_a if_o it_o be_v not_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o commons_o and_o that_o in_o full_a parliament_n and_o for_o the_o great_a surety_n and_o to_o give_v cause_n to_o eschew_v all_o counsel_n to_o the_o contrary_a of_o this_o ordinance_n the_o prelate_n have_v promise_v to_o give_v sentence_n upon_o they_o that_o counsel_n against_o the_o same_o in_o any_o point_n which_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n in_o print_n the_o statute_n of_o 14_o ed._n 3._o cap._n 21._o be_v yield_v unto_o by_o the_o king_n par._n 13._o ed._n 4._o no._n 5._o ro._n par._n upon_o a_o petition_n exhibit_v the_o parliament_n before_o both_o by_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o commons_o pray_v that_o a_o law_n may_v be_v make_v against_o imposition_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o 13_o year_n of_o ed._n 3._o at_o which_o time_n they_o likewise_o pray_v that_o the_o king_n will_v be_v please_v to_o grant_v they_o a_o charter_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n to_o be_v enrol_v in_o parliament_n the_o statute_n you_o have_v hear_v the_o charter_n follow_v in_o our_o print_a book_n immediate_o after_o the_o statute_n where_o the_o king_n in_o the_o preamble_n thereof_o recite_v the_o great_a gift_n that_o he_o have_v give_v he_o at_o the_o same_o parliament_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o 9_o fleece_n 9_o sheep_n &_o 9_o lamb_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n which_o indeed_o be_v a_o very_a extraordinary_a great_a gift_n and_o therefore_o his_o grant_n in_o regard_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v so_o much_o more_o beneficial_o do_v in_o lieu_n thereof_o for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n grant_v to_o his_o subject_n in_o these_o word_n from_o henceforth_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v charge_v nor_o grieve_v to_o make_v any_o aid_n or_o to_o sustain_v charge_n if_o it_o be_v not_o by_o the_o common_a assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o great_a man_n and_o the_o commons_o of_o our_o say_a realm_n of_o england_n and_o that_o in_o parliament_n it_o have_v be_v object_v that_o these_o word_n aid_n and_o charge_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o charge_n within_o the_o land_n such_o as_o be_v tax_n and_o tallage_n answer_v a_o objection_n that_o the_o stat_fw-la of_o 14_o ed._n 3._o an._n 21_o extend_v only_o to_o imposition_n within_o the_o land_n and_o not_o to_o imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n be_v answer_v and_o not_o of_o imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n and_o this_o be_v the_o only_a objection_n make_v or_o indeed_o can_v be_v make_v against_o this_o statute_n for_o the_o clear_n of_o which_o i_o can_v say_v no_o more_o than_o already_o i_o have_v prove_v by_o matter_n of_o record_n for_o the_o open_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o this_o statute_n viz._n that_o this_o charter_n and_o the_o last_o statute_n be_v make_v upon_o a_o petition_n exhibit_v in_o parliament_n for_o a_o law_n and_o charter_n to_o be_v make_v against_o imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n and_o therefore_o that_o conjecture_n of_o they_o that_o it_o shall_v extend_v only_o to_o tax_n and_o not_o to_o imposition_n can_v but_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n especial_o since_o there_o be_v not_o in_o the_o petition_n any_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o tax_n or_o tallage_n or_o of_o any_o other_o charge_n or_o aid_v but_o imposition_n only_o than_o which_o there_o can_v almost_o be_v a_o clear_a proof_n then_o that_o this_o law_n be_v make_v upon_o this_o petition_n be_v to_o be_v expound_v against_o imposition_n which_o if_o this_o petition_n have_v not_o be_v extant_a will_v with_o no_o less_o clearness_n have_v be_v prove_v by_o consider_v the_o mischief_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_n of_o this_o law_n which_o be_v not_o tallage_n or_o tax_n but_o those_o heavy_a imposition_n of_o four_o pound_n and_o five_o pound_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n with_o the_o statute_n of_o 11._o e._n 3._o cap._n 1._o of_o which_o i_o have_v former_o make_v mention_v so_o as_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v in_o the_o first_o intention_n against_o dispensation_n for_o money_n with_o a_o penal_a law_n though_o the_o occasion_n be_v particular_a yet_o the_o word_n be_v general_a i_o hold_v that_o with_o reason_n it_o may_v be_v extend_v against_o all_o dispensation_n with_o penal_a law_n for_o money_n in_o particular_a i_o hold_v that_o the_o raise_n of_o money_n by_o dispensation_n with_o the_o statute_n
king_n and_o that_o he_o may_v open_v they_o and_o shut_v they_o upon_o what_o condition_n he_o please_v answer_v and_o in_o regard_n thereof_o he_o may_v open_v and_o shut_v they_o upon_o what_o condition_n he_o please_v i_o answer_v i._o that_o the_o position_n that_o all_o the_o port_n be_v the_o king_n be_v not_o general_o true_a for_o subject_n may_v also_o be_v owner_n of_o port_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o patent_n roll_v of_o 3._o e._n 1._o m._n 1._o parl._n where_o you_o shall_v find_v that_o king_n ed._n 1._o grant_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o port_n town_n the_o forfeiture_n grant_v to_o he_o by_o parliament_n for_o not_o due_o pay_v the_o new_a custom_n of_o the_o demy-marke_a within_o every_o several_a port_n of_o they_o where_o the_o merchandize_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v import_v or_o export_v but_o admit_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o position_n yet_o be_v the_o consequence_n as_o weak_a and_o dangerous_a as_o of_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o argument_n for_o be_v not_o all_o the_o gate_n of_o city_n and_o town_n and_o all_o the_o street_n and_o highway_n in_o england_n the_o king_n and_o as_o much_o subject_n to_o be_v open_a or_o shut_v at_o his_o pleasure_n as_o the_o port_n be_v nay_o whensoever_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o highway_n in_o any_o law_n business_n we_o call_v it_o via_fw-la regius_fw-la the_o king_n highway_n and_o the_o king_n in_o his_o commission_n speak_v of_o london_n or_o any_o other_o city_n call_v it_o civitas_n nostra_fw-la london_n or_o civitas_n nostra_fw-la exon_n do_v it_o follow_v therefore_o that_o the_o king_n may_v lay_v imposition_n upon_o every_o man_n or_o upon_o all_o commodity_n that_o shall_v pass_v through_o any_o of_o these_o place_n nay_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o king_n own_o house_n for_o the_o purpose_n his_o palace_n of_o westminster_n be_v his_o in_o a_o far_o near_a degree_n than_o any_o of_o these_o may_v he_o therefore_o by_o his_o proclamation_n impose_v upon_o every_o man_n that_o shall_v pass_v in_o or_o out_o at_o westminster_n hall_n door_n a_o sum_n of_o money_n doubtless_o he_o may_v not_o because_o the_o king_n be_v a_o person_n public_a and_o his_o subject_n ought_v to_o have_v access_n to_o he_o as_o to_o the_o fountain_n of_o justice_n and_o to_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n sit_v by_o his_o authority_n i_o make_v little_a doubt_n but_o his_o majesty_n may_v upon_o just_a occasion_n cause_n any_o of_o these_o passage_n to_o be_v shut_v as_o he_o may_v also_o the_o passage_n at_o the_o havens_n but_o when_o the_o passage_n may_v without_o danger_n to_o the_o state_n be_v open_a and_o that_o the_o subject_n may_v pass_v his_o majesty_n may_v not_o then_o exact_a money_n for_o their_o passage_n for_o the_o law_n have_v give_v the_o king_n power_n over_o these_o thing_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o not_o thereby_o to_o charge_n and_o burden_v the_o subject_a if_o the_o king_n may_v not_o exact_a money_n for_o passage_n in_o and_o out_o of_o his_o court_n gate_n because_o of_o the_o publicness_n of_o his_o person_n nor_o for_o passage_n through_o the_o gate_n of_o city_n much_o less_o may_v he_o for_o passage_n out_o at_o the_o port_n which_o be_v the_o great_a gate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o which_o the_o subject_n ought_v as_o free_o to_o enjoy_v as_o the_o air_n or_o the_o water_n another_o of_o their_o argument_n be_v this_o answer_v the_o four_o argument_n that_o the_o king_n be_v bind_v at_o his_o own_o charge_n to_o protect_v merchant_n &_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a it_o shall_v be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o lay_v moderate_a imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n for_o raise_v of_o money_n to_o defray_v his_o charge_n answer_v the_o king_n be_v bind_v to_o protect_v merchant_n from_o spoil_n by_o the_o enemy_n he_o ought_v to_o fortify_v the_o havens_n that_o their_o ship_n may_v there_o abide_v in_o safety_n he_o ought_v if_o occasion_n be_v to_o send_v ambassador_n to_o foreign_a prince_n to_o negotiate_v for_o they_o and_o many_o the_o like_a charge_n be_v the_o king_n by_o the_o law_n to_o undergo_v for_o the_o protection_n of_o his_o merchant_n it_o be_v reason_n therefore_o that_o his_o expense_n be_v defraied_a out_o of_o the_o profit_n make_v by_o merchant_n and_o consequent_o that_o he_o may_v impose_v upon_o merchandise_n a_o moderate_a charge_n thereby_o to_o repay_v himself_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o argument_n be_v thus_o far_o true_a the_o law_n expect_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v protect_v merchant_n therefore_o it_o allow_v he_o out_o of_o merchandise_n a_o revenue_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o charge_n which_o be_v the_o old_a custom_n due_a as_o at_o first_o i_o say_v by_o the_o common_a law_n but_o it_o be_v no_o good_a consequence_n answer_v the_o five_o argument_n that_o all_o foreign_a prince_n have_v power_n to_o impose_v and_o if_o our_o king_n have_v not_o the_o like_a it_o may_v be_v very_o inconvenient_a to_o this_o state_n answer_v that_o therefore_o he_o may_v take_v what_o he_o listen_v no_o more_o than_o he_o may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n increase_v that_o old_a revenue_n which_o the_o law_n give_v he_o for_o protect_v of_o subject_n in_o their_o suit_n or_o for_o protect_a ward_n etc._n etc._n another_o argument_n of_o they_o be_v this_o all_z other_z prince_n of_o the_o world_n may_v impose_v upon_o merchandise_n at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o so_o may_v make_v our_o merchandize_n less_o vendible_a with_o they_o by_o lay_v a_o imposition_n upon_o they_o to_o be_v pay_v by_o we_o when_o they_o be_v bring_v into_o their_o territory_n whereby_o their_o own_o commodity_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n may_v be_v sell_v more_o to_o the_o gain_n of_o their_o merchant_n and_o our_o merchant_n impoverish_v or_o drive_v from_o his_o trade_n they_o may_v also_o lay_v imposition_n upon_o our_o merchant_n fetch_v commodity_n from_o thence_o and_o leave_v their_o own_o merchant_n free_a from_o any_o imposition_n in_o the_o same_o case_n by_o which_o their_o merchant_n shall_v reap_v all_o the_o profit_n by_o that_o commodity_n in_o afford_v it_o better_a cheap_a to_o we_o here_o than_o we_o can_v fetch_v it_o and_o consequent_o our_o merchant_n shall_v be_v undo_v many_o the_o like_a case_n have_v be_v put_v to_o prove_v that_o if_o the_o king_n of_o england_n may_v not_o impose_v as_o other_o prince_n may_v they_o shall_v be_v able_a at_o their_o pleasure_n to_o destroy_v our_o trade_n this_o i_o conceive_v be_v the_o same_o as_o now_o it_o be_v during_o all_o that_o time_n from_o ed._n 3._o till_o queen_n mary_n and_o doubtless_o it_o can_v not_o but_o sometime_o during_o that_o long_a space_n so_o fall_v out_o that_o foreign_a prince_n do_v put_v their_o power_n in_o practice_n to_o our_o prejudice_n and_o yet_o we_o hear_v not_o of_o any_o imposition_n lay_v by_o any_o of_o our_o king_n by_o their_o absolute_a power_n which_o may_v give_v any_o man_n assurance_n that_o they_o take_v some_o other_o course_n to_o meet_v with_o the_o inconvenience_n and_o in_o deed_n the_o mean_n be_v divers_a which_o these_o our_o king_n use_v to_o prevent_v it_o first_o they_o be_v careful_a in_o all_o their_o league_n and_o treaty_n with_o foreign_a prince_n special_o to_o provide_v for_o it_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o ancient_a league_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o league_n of_o late_a time_n that_o have_v not_o have_v a_o article_n for_o provision_n in_o this_o point_n which_o league_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v upon_o oath_n on_o both_o part_n and_o yet_o for_o further_a security_n our_o king_n have_v always_o have_v ambassador_n resident_a in_o the_o court_n of_o such_o foreign_a prince_n to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o their_o league_n if_o upon_o any_o occasion_n our_o merchant_n have_v in_o that_o case_n happen_v to_o be_v never_o so_o little_o wrong_v by_o they_o &_o if_o upon_o complaint_n of_o the_o ambassador_n our_o merchant_n have_v not_o find_v redress_n our_o king_n have_v hold_v the_o league_n as_o break_v and_o denounce_v war_n or_o seize_v all_o the_o good_n of_o the_o same_o prince_n subject_n within_o england_n and_o i_o dare_v say_v there_o have_v be_v more_o war_n undertake_v by_o our_o prince_n against_o foreign_a nation_n only_o for_o this_o cause_n then_o for_o any_o one_o other_o cause_n whatsoever_o beside_o our_o king_n have_v in_o this_o case_n sometime_o make_v use_n of_o that_o their_o prerogative_n of_o restraint_n either_o by_o prohibit_v our_o merchant_n from_o carry_v our_o commodity_n into_o those_o part_n where_o they_o be_v charge_v with_o imposition_n that_o so_o by_o the_o want_n of_o our_o commodity_n foreign_a prince_n may_v be_v enforce_v to_o abate_v their_o imposition_n lay_v upon_o they_o or_o by_o restrain_v the_o merchant_n of_o foreign_a prince_n to_o import_v or_o export_v commodity_n from_o hence_o by_o which_o mean_v foreign_a prince_n have_v be_v compel_v to_o deal_v favourable_o with_o our_o merchant_n for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o own_o subject_n all_o these_o be_v lawful_a and_o ordinary_a mean_n to_o prevent_v or_o redress_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v grow_v by_o the_o imposition_n of_o other_o prince_n if_o all_o these_o ordinary_a mean_n shall_v happen_v to_o fail_v which_o can_v hardly_o so_o fall_v out_o and_o that_o the_o lay_n of_o imposition_n be_v indeed_o the_o only_a mean_n that_o be_v leave_v to_o redress_v the_o inconvenience_n why_o shall_v not_o that_o be_v do_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o well_o in_o these_o time_n as_o it_o be_v in_o 7._o h._n 7._o cap._n 7._o to_o take_v down_o the_o imposition_n of_o four_o ducat_n upon_o a_o but_o of_o malmsey_n impose_v by_o the_o venetian_n and_o as_o it_o be_v do_v by_o queen_n eliz._n the_o 19_o year_n of_o her_o reign_n to_o prevent_v the_o lay_n of_o imposition_n by_o foreign_a prince_n upon_o saltfish_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o print_a statute_n of_o 19_o eliz._n cap._n 10._o but_o as_o i_o have_v say_v the_o providence_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o ordinary_a power_n of_o restraint_n may_v very_o well_o meet_v with_o the_o inconvenience_n these_o be_v the_o chief_a reason_n make_v in_o maintenance_n of_o imposition_n the_o weakness_n of_o they_o and_o their_o dangerous_a consequence_n you_o can_v but_o perceive_v for_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n tax_n within_o the_o land_n may_v be_v as_o well_o prove_v to_o be_v lawful_a on_o the_o contrary_a part_n you_o have_v hear_v the_o reason_n against_o imposition_n fortify_v by_o many_o record_n and_o statute_n in_o the_o point_n so_o as_o i_o conclude_v that_o imposition_n neither_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n or_o other_o the_o great_a necessity_n or_o occasion_n that_o may_v be_v much_o less_o in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n neither_o upon_o foreign_a nor_o inland_n commodity_n of_o whatsoever_o nature_n be_v they_o never_o so_o superfluous_a or_o unnecessary_a neither_o upon_o merchant_n stranger_n nor_o denizen_n may_v be_v lay_v by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n be_v it_o for_o never_o so_o short_a a_o time_n much_o less_o to_o endure_v for_o ever_o as_o we_o though_o this_o be_v now_o my_o opinion_n yet_o be_o not_o i_o so_o obstinate_a therein_o but_o if_o yet_o i_o hear_v better_a reason_n i_o will_v once_o again_o change_v my_o mind_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n you_o see_v i_o have_v reason_n to_o alter_v my_o first_o opinion_n as_o be_v ground_v upon_o very_o weak_a reason_n as_o now_o they_o appear_v unto_o i_o and_o so_o i_o suppose_v they_o do_v also_o unto_o you_o finis_fw-la 7o._o julii_n 1641._o at_o a_o committee_n of_o the_o honourable_a house_n of_o commons_o for_o examination_n of_o book_n and_o of_o the_o licens_v and_o suppress_v of_o they_o etc._n etc._n it_o be_v order_v that_o this_o argument_n upon_o imposition_n be_v forthwith_o publish_v in_o print_n edward_z dering_n