and_o defend_v augustus_n when_o at_o the_o desire_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n he_o assume_v the_o sole_a government_n of_o the_o empire_n among_o other_o constitution_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n divide_v the_o province_n into_o two_o part_n one_o of_o which_o he_o give_v whole_o over_o to_o the_o people_n and_o reserve_v the_o other_o for_o himself_o after_o which_o time_n only_o the_o governor_n send_v into_o the_o first_o division_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o proconsul_n though_o they_o be_v deny_v the_o whole_a military_a power_n and_o so_o fall_v short_a of_o the_o old_a proconsul_n to_o these_o four_o sort_n of_o proconsul_n we_o may_v add_v two_o more_o from_o alexander_n of_o naples_n first_o such_o as_o the_o senate_n create_v proconsul_n without_o a_o province_n pure_o for_o the_o command_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o care_n of_o the_o military_a discipline_n and_o second_o such_o design_v consul_n as_o enter_v on_o their_o proconsular_a office_n before_o they_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o consulship_n chap._n xv._o of_o the_o provincial_a praetor_n and_o propraetor_n of_o the_o legati_fw-la quaestor_n and_o proquaestor_n in_o the_o first_o time_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o province_n be_v govern_v by_o praetor_n and_o as_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o state_n be_v enlarge_v the_o number_n of_o those_o magistrate_n be_v according_o increase_v yet_o even_o in_o those_o time_n if_o they_o continue_v in_o the_o command_n of_o the_o province_n beyond_o the_o time_n prefix_v for_o the_o continuance_n of_o their_o praetorship_n they_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o name_n of_o propraetor_n though_o they_o still_o keep_v the_o same_o authority_n as_o before_o about_o a._n v._o c._n 604._o the_o design_v praetor_n begin_v to_o divide_v the_o praetorian_a or_o lesser_a province_n by_o lot_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o consul_n do_v the_o consular_a and_o when_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n they_o repair_v to_o their_o respective_a government_n assume_v the_o title_n of_o propraetor_n as_o their_o creation_n be_v the_o same_o as_o that_o of_o the_o proconsul_n so_o their_o entrance_n upon_o their_o office_n and_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o their_o administration_n be_v exact_o answerable_a to_o they_o only_o that_o they_o be_v allow_v but_o six_o lictor_n with_o a_o equal_a number_n of_o fasces_fw-la whereas_o the_o proconsul_n have_v twelve_o of_o each_o now_o though_o before_o the_o time_n of_o augustus_n the_o propraetor_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o preside_v over_o the_o province_n of_o lesser_a note_n and_o importance_n be_v always_o reckon_v inferior_a to_o the_o proconsul_n yet_o upon_o his_o division_n of_o the_o province_n the_o governor_n of_o those_o which_o fall_v to_o his_o share_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o propraetor_n get_v the_o preference_n of_o the_o proconsul_n in_o respect_n of_o power_n and_o authority_n be_v invest_v with_o the_o military_a command_n and_o continue_v in_o their_o office_n as_o long_o as_o the_o emperor_n please_v the_o chief_a assistant_n of_o the_o proconsul_n and_o the_o propraetor_n be_v the_o legati_fw-la and_o the_o provincial_a quaestor_n the_o former_a be_v different_a in_o number_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o governor_n who_o they_o accompany_v serve_v for_o the_o judge_n of_o inferior_a cause_n and_o the_o management_n of_o all_o small_a concern_v remit_v every_o thing_n of_o moment_n to_o the_o care_n of_o the_o governor_n or_o precedent_n beside_o the_o legati_fw-la there_o go_v with_o every_o proconsul_n or_o propraetor_n one_o or_o more_o quaestor_n who_o whole_a business_n be_v concern_v in_o manage_v the_o public_a account_n take_v care_n of_o the_o supply_n of_o money_n corn_n and_o other_o necessary_n and_o convenience_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n we_o seldom_o meet_v with_o proquaestor_n in_o author_n they_o be_v only_o such_o as_o perform_v the_o office_n of_o quaestor_n in_o the_o province_n without_o the_o deputation_n of_o the_o senate_n which_o be_v requisite_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o proper_a quaestor_n this_o happen_v either_o when_o a_o quaestor_n die_v in_o his_o office_n or_o go_v to_o rome_n without_o be_v succeed_v by_o another_o quaestor_n for_o in_o both_o these_o case_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n appoint_v another_o in_o his_o room_n to_o discharge_v the_o same_o duty_n under_o the_o name_n of_o proquaestor_fw-la of_o the_o like_a nature_n with_o these_o quaestor_n be_v the_o procuratores_fw-la caesaris_fw-la often_o mention_v by_o tacitus_n and_o suetonius_n officer_n send_v by_o the_o emperor_n into_o every_o province_n to_o receive_v and_o regulate_v the_o public_a revenue_n and_o to_o dispose_v of_o it_o at_o the_o emperor_n command_n such_o a_o magistrate_n be_v pontius_n pilate_n in_o judaea_n and_o though_o the_o judge_n of_o extreme_a cause_n do_v not_o proper_o belong_v to_o his_o office_n yet_o because_o the_o jew_n be_v always_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o rebellious_a nation_n and_o apt_a to_o revolt_v upon_o the_o least_o occasion_n and_o because_o the_o precedent_n of_o syria_n be_v force_v to_o attend_v on_o other_o part_n of_o his_o province_n therefore_o for_o the_o better_a keep_v the_o jew_n in_o order_n the_o procurator_n of_o judaea_n be_v invest_v with_o all_o the_o authority_n proper_a to_o the_o proconsul_n even_o with_o the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n as_o the_o learned_a bishop_n pearson_n observe_v 4._o observe_v bishop_n pearson_n on_o the_o creed_n art_n 4._o chap._n xvii_o of_o the_o comitia_fw-la the_o comitia_fw-la according_a to_o sigonius_n definition_n be_v general_a assembly_n of_o the_o people_n lawful_o call_v by_o some_o magistrate_n for_o the_o enjoyment_n or_o prohibition_n of_o any_o thing_n by_o their_o vote_n 17._o vote_n sigon_n de_fw-fr antiq_fw-la jure_fw-la civ_o romanorum_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 17._o the_o proper_a comitia_fw-la be_v of_o three_o sort_n curiata_fw-la genturiata_n and_o tributa_fw-la with_o reference_n to_o the_o three_o grand_a division_n of_o the_o city_n and_o people_n into_o curiae_fw-la century_n and_o tribe_n for_o by_o comitia_fw-la calata_n which_o we_o sometime_o meet_v with_o in_o author_n in_o elder_a time_n be_v mean_v all_o the_o comitia_fw-la in_o general_n the_o word_n calata_n from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o calo_n be_v their_o common_a epithet_n though_o it_o be_v at_o last_o restrain_v to_o two_o sort_n of_o assembly_n those_o for_o the_o creation_n of_o priest_n and_o those_o for_o the_o inspection_n and_o regulation_n of_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n 27._o testament_n a._n gell._n lib._n 15._o cap._n 27._o the_o comitia_fw-la curiata_fw-la owe_v their_o original_a to_o the_o division_n which_o romulus_n make_v of_o the_o people_n into_o thirty_o curiae_fw-la ten_o be_v contain_v under_o every_o tribe_n they_o answer_v in_o most_o respect_n to_o the_o parish_n in_o our_o city_n be_v not_o only_o separate_v by_o proper_a bound_n and_o limit_n but_o distinguish_v too_o by_o their_o different_a place_n set_v apart_o for_o the_o celebration_n of_o divine_a service_n which_o be_v perform_v by_o particular_a priest_n one_o to_o every_o curia_n with_o the_o name_n of_o curiones_n before_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o comitia_fw-la centuriata_fw-la all_o the_o grand_a concern_v of_o the_o state_n be_v transact_v in_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o curia_n as_o the_o election_n of_o king_n and_o other_o chief_a officer_n the_o make_n and_o abrogate_a of_o law_n and_o the_o adjudge_v of_o capital_a cause_n after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o king_n when_o the_o commons_o have_v obtain_v the_o privilege_n to_o have_v tribune_n and_o aedile_n they_o elect_v they_o for_o some_o time_n at_o these_o assembly_n but_o that_o ceremony_n be_v at_o length_n transfer_v to_o the_o comitia_fw-la tributa_fw-la the_o curiae_fw-la be_v never_o convene_v to_o give_v their_o vote_n except_o now_o and_o then_o upon_o account_n of_o make_v some_o particular_a law_n relate_v to_o adoption_n will_n and_o testament_n or_o the_o creation_n of_o officer_n for_o a_o expedition_n or_o for_o the_o elect_v of_o some_o of_o the_o priest_n as_o the_o flamen_v and_o the_o curio_n maximus_fw-la or_o superintendant_n of_o the_o curiones_n who_o themselves_o be_v choose_v by_o every_o particular_a curia_n the_o power_n of_o call_v these_o assembly_n belong_v at_o first_o only_o to_o the_o king_n but_o upon_o the_o establishment_n of_o the_o democracy_n the_o same_o privilege_n be_v allow_v to_o most_o of_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n and_o sometime_o to_o the_o pontifices_fw-la the_o person_n who_o have_v the_o liberty_n of_o vote_v here_o be_v such_o roman_a citizen_n as_o belong_v to_o the_o curiae_fw-la or_o such_o as_o actual_o live_v in_o the_o city_n and_o conform_v to_o the_o custom_n and_o rite_n of_o their_o proper_a curia_n all_o those_o be_v exclude_v who_o dwell_v without_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o city_n retain_v the_o ceremony_n of_o their_o
and_o crimen_fw-la ambitûs_fw-la the_o next_o in_o the_o crimen_fw-la majestatis_fw-la and_o the_o last_o in_o case_n of_o murder_n cicero_n have_v give_v we_o a_o excellent_a example_n in_o every_o kind_n of_o the_o first_o in_o his_o oration_n for_o fonteius_n flaccus_n muraena_fw-la and_o plancius_n of_o the_o second_o in_o that_o for_o cornelius_n and_o of_o the_o three_o in_o his_o admirable_a defence_n of_o milo_n laudatio_fw-la be_v a_o custom_n like_o that_o in_o our_o trial_n of_o bring_v in_o person_n of_o credit_n to_o give_v their_o testimony_n of_o the_o accuse_v person_n be_v good_a behaviour_n and_o integrity_n of_o life_n the_o least_o number_n of_o these_o laudatores_fw-la use_v to_o be_v ten._n in_o the_o latio_fw-la sententiae_fw-la or_o pronounce_v sentence_n they_o proceed_v thus_o after_o the_o orator_n on_o both_o side_n have_v say_v all_o they_o design_v the_o crier_n give_v notice_n of_o it_o according_o and_o then_o the_o praetor_n send_v out_o the_o jury_n to_o consult_v mittebat_fw-la judices_fw-la in_o consilium_fw-la deliver_v to_o every_o one_o three_o tablet_n cover_v with_o wax_n one_o of_o absolution_n another_o of_o condemnation_n and_o a_o three_o of_o ampliation_n or_o adjournment_n of_o the_o trial_n the_o first_o be_v mark_v with_o a_o the_o second_o with_o c_o the_o other_o with_o n_n l._n or_o non_fw-la liquet_fw-la in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o jury_n withdraw_v be_v set_v a_o proper_a number_n of_o urn_n or_o box_n into_o which_o they_o throw_v what_o tablet_n they_o please_v the_o accuse_a person_n prostrate_v himself_o all_o this_o while_n at_o their_o foot_n to_o move_v their_o compassion_n the_o tablet_n be_v draw_v and_o the_o great_a number_n know_v the_o praetor_n pronounce_v sentence_n according_o the_o form_n of_o condemnation_n be_v usual_o videntur_fw-la fecisse_fw-la or_o non_fw-la jure_fw-la videtur_fw-la fecisse_fw-la of_o absolution_n non_fw-la videtur_fw-la fecisse_fw-la of_o ampliation_n amplius_fw-la cognoscendum_fw-la sometime_o he_o mention_v the_o punishment_n and_o sometime_o leave_v it_o out_o as_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o law_n on_o which_o the_o indictment_n be_v ground_v the_o consequence_n of_o the_o trial_n in_o criminal_a matter_n may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o four_o head_n aestimatio_fw-la litis_fw-la animadversio_fw-la judicium_fw-la calumniae_fw-la and_o judicium_fw-la praevaricationis_fw-la aestimatio_fw-la litis_fw-la or_o the_o rate_v of_o the_o damage_n be_v in_o use_n only_o in_o case_n of_o bribery_n and_o abuse_v of_o the_o public_a money_n animadversio_fw-la be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o put_v the_o sentence_n in_o execution_n which_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o care_n of_o the_o praetor_n but_o in_o case_n the_o party_n be_v absolve_v there_o lay_v two_o action_n against_o the_o accuser_n one_o of_o calumny_n the_o common_a punishment_n of_o which_o be_v frontis_fw-la inustio_fw-la burn_v in_o the_o forehead_n and_o the_o other_o of_o prevarication_n when_o the_o accuser_n instead_o of_o urge_v the_o crime_n home_o seem_v rather_o to_o hide_v or_o extenuate_v the_o gild_n hence_o the_o civilian_n define_v a_o prevaricator_n to_o be_v one_o that_o betray_v his_o cause_n to_o the_o adversary_n and_o turn_v on_o the_o criminal_n side_n whâ—n_v be_v aught_o to_o prosecute_v chap._n xix_o judgement_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n the_o people_n be_v sometime_o the_o judge_n both_o in_o private_a and_o public_a cause_n though_o of_o the_o first_o we_o have_v only_o one_o example_n in_o livy_n 3._o livy_n lib._n 3._o the_o other_o we_o frequent_o meet_v with_o in_o author_n these_o judgement_n be_v make_v first_o at_o the_o comitia_fw-la curiata_fw-la and_o afterward_o at_o the_o centuriata_fw-la and_o tributa_fw-la the_o proceed_n in_o all_o which_o assembly_n have_v be_v already_o show_v what_o we_o may_v further_o observe_v be_v this_o when_o any_o magistrate_n design_v to_o impeach_v a_o person_n of_o a_o crime_n before_o the_o whole_a people_n he_o ascend_v the_o rostra_fw-la and_o call_v the_o people_n together_o by_o a_o crier_n signify_v to_o they_o that_o upon_o such_o a_o day_n he_o intend_v to_o accuse_v such_o a_o person_n of_o such_o a_o crime_n this_o they_o term_v reo_fw-la diem_fw-la dicere_fw-la the_o suspect_a party_n be_v oblige_v immediate_o to_o give_v surety_n for_o his_o appearance_n on_o the_o day_n prefix_v and_o in_o default_n of_o bail_n be_v command_v to_o prison_n on_o the_o appoint_a day_n the_o magistrate_n again_o ascend_v the_o rostra_fw-la and_o cite_v the_o party_n by_o the_o crier_n who_o unless_o some_o other_o magistrate_n of_o equal_a authority_n interpose_v or_o a_o sufficient_a excuse_n be_v offer_v be_v oblige_v to_o appear_v or_o may_v be_v punish_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o magistrate_n who_o accuse_v he_o if_o he_o appear_v the_o accuser_n begin_v his_o charge_n and_o carry_v it_o on_o every_o other_o day_n for_o six_o day_n together_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o indictment_n mention_v the_o particular_a punishment_n specify_v in_o the_o law_n for_o such_o a_o offence_n this_o intimation_n they_o term_v anquisitio_fw-la the_o same_o be_v immediate_o after_o express_v in_o write_v and_o then_o take_v the_o name_n of_o rogatio_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v to_o be_v ask_v or_o consult_v about_o it_o and_o irrogatio_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o criminal_a as_o it_o import_v the_o mulct_n or_o punishment_n assign_v he_o by_o the_o accuser_n this_o rogatio_fw-la be_v public_o expose_v three_o nundinae_fw-la or_o market-day_n together_o for_o the_o information_n of_o the_o people_n on_o the_o three_o market-day_n the_o accuser_n again_o ascend_v the_o rostra_fw-la and_o the_o people_n be_v call_v together_o undertake_v the_o four_o turn_n of_o his_o charge_n and_o have_v conclude_v give_v the_o other_o party_n leave_v to_o enter_v upon_o his_o defence_n either_o in_o his_o own_o person_n or_o by_o his_o advocate_n at_o the_o same_o time_n as_o the_o accuser_n finish_v his_o four_o charge_n he_o give_v notice_n what_o day_n he_o will_v have_v the_o comitia_fw-la meet_v to_o receive_v the_o bill_n the_o comitia_fw-la tributa_fw-la to_o consider_v of_o mulct_n and_o the_o centuriata_fw-la for_o capital_a punishment_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o be_v several_a way_n by_o which_o the_o accuse_a party_n may_v be_v relieve_v as_o first_o if_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o commons_o interpose_v in_o his_o behalf_n or_o if_o he_o excuse_v himself_o by_o voluntary_a exile_n sickness_n or_o upon_o account_n of_o provide_v for_o a_o funeral_n or_o if_o he_o prevail_v with_o the_o accuser_n to_o relinquish_v his_o charge_n and_o let_v the_o cause_n fall_v or_o if_o upon_o the_o day_n appoint_v for_o the_o comitia_fw-la the_o augur_n discover_v any_o ill_a omen_n and_o so_o forbid_v the_o assembly_n if_o none_o of_o these_o happen_v the_o comitia_fw-la meet_v and_o proceed_v as_o have_v be_v already_o describe_v and_o as_o for_o the_o animadversio_fw-la or_o put_v the_o sentence_n in_o execution_n this_o be_v perform_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o in_o the_o praetorian_a judgement_n the_o form_n of_o judgement_n which_o have_v be_v thus_o describe_v must_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v prevail_v chief_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o free_a state_n for_o as_o the_o king_n before_o so_o the_o emperor_n afterward_o be_v themselves_o judge_n in_o what_o cause_n and_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o please_v as_o suetonius_n particular_o inform_v we_o of_o almost_o all_o the_o twelve_o caesar_n it_o be_v this_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o mandatores_fw-la and_o delatores_fw-la a_o sort_n of_o wretch_n to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o every_o part_n of_o history_n the_o business_n of_o the_o former_a be_v to_o mark_v down_o such_o person_n as_o upon_o inquisition_n they_o pretend_v to_o have_v find_v guilty_a of_o any_o misdemeanour_n and_o the_o latter_a be_v employ_v in_o accuse_v and_o prosecute_n they_o upon_o the_o other_o order_n this_o mischievous_a tribe_n as_o they_o be_v countenance_v and_o reward_v by_o ill_a prince_n so_o be_v they_o extreme_o detest_v by_o the_o good_a emperor_n titus_n prosecute_v all_o that_o can_v be_v find_v upon_o the_o most_o diligent_a search_n with_o death_n or_o perpetual_a banishment_n 8._o banishment_n sueton._n in_o tit._n cap._n 8._o and_o pliny_n reckon_v it_o among_o the_o great_a praise_n of_o trajan_n that_o he_o have_v clear_v the_o city_n from_o the_o perjure_a race_n of_o informer_n panegyric_n informer_n plin._n in_o panegyric_n chap._n xx._n of_o the_o roman_a punishment_n the_o accurate_a sigonius_n have_v divide_v the_o punishment_n into_o eight_o sort_n damnum_fw-la vincula_fw-la verbera_fw-la talio_n ignominia_fw-la exilium_fw-la servitus_fw-la mors._n damnum_fw-la be_v a_o pecuniary_a mulct_n or_o fine_a set_v upon_o the_o offender_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o crime_n vincula_fw-la signify_v the_o guilty_a person_n be_v being_n condemn_v to_o imprisonment_n and_o fetter_n of_o which_o they_o have_v many_o
the_o languish_a art_n under_o vespasian_n titus_n and_o domitian_n for_o this_o last_o too_o be_v a_o encourager_n of_o poesy_n though_o he_o banish_v the_o philosopher_n scarce_o serve_v to_o any_o better_a purpose_n than_o to_o demonstrate_v the_o poor_a success_n of_o study_n and_o application_n while_o the_o ancient_a genius_n be_v want_v in_o the_o six_o next_o reign_n immediate_o follow_v domitian_n learning_n seem_v to_o have_v enjoy_v a_o sort_n of_o lucid_a interval_n and_o the_o banish_a favourite_n be_v again_o admit_v to_o court_n be_v high_o countenance_v and_o applaud_v by_o the_o best_a set_v of_o prince_n rome_n ever_o see_v not_o to_o inquire_v after_o the_o production_n of_o the_o other_o reign_v the_o useful_a labour_n of_o tacitus_n suetonius_n and_o pliny_n junior_n will_v make_v the_o government_n of_o trajan_n more_o famous_a than_o all_o his_o feat_n of_o arms._n if_o they_o be_v less_o happy_a in_o their_o language_n than_o the_o ancient_n in_o other_o respect_n perhaps_o they_o have_v over-marched_a they_o the_o historian_n in_o the_o delicacy_n of_o their_o politic_n and_o the_o sincere_a truth_n of_o their_o relation_n and_o the_o orator_n in_o his_o wit_n and_o good_a sense_n if_o we_o add_v to_o these_o plutarch_n who_o write_v most_o of_o his_o work_n in_o rome_n and_o be_v honour_v by_o trajan_n with_o the_o consulship_n and_o quinctilian_n who_o flourish_v a_o very_a little_a time_n before_o they_o may_v pass_v for_o the_o twilight_n of_o learning_n after_o the_o sunset_n of_o the_o augustan_n age_n or_o rather_o be_v resemble_v to_o a_o glimmer_a taper_n which_o cast_v a_o double_a light_n when_o its_o just_a on_o the_o point_n of_o expire_a it_o be_v a_o observation_n of_o sir_n william_n temple_n that_o all_o the_o latin_a book_n which_o we_o have_v till_o the_o end_n of_o trajan_n and_o all_o the_o greek_a till_o the_o end_n of_o marcus_n antoninus_n have_v a_o true_a and_o very_a esteemable_a value_n but_o that_o all_o write_v since_o that_o time_n owe_v their_o price_n pure_o to_o our_o curiosity_n and_o not_o to_o their_o own_o worth_n and_o excellence_n but_o the_o puriâ—ty_n of_o the_o tongue_n be_v long_o before_o corrupt_v and_o end_v in_o sir_n william_n temple_n judgement_n with_o velleius_n paterculus_n under_o tiberius_n the_o reason_n he_o assign_v for_o this_o decay_n be_v the_o strange_a resort_n of_o the_o rude_a nation_n to_o rome_n after_o the_o conquest_n of_o their_o own_o country_n thus_o the_o gaul_n and_o german_n flock_v in_o multitude_n both_o to_o the_o army_n and_o the_o city_n after_o the_o reduce_n of_o those_o part_n by_o julius_n caesar_n augustus_n and_o tiberius_n as_o many_o spaniard_n and_o syrian_n have_v do_v before_o on_o the_o like_a account_n but_o the_o great_a confluence_n of_o foreigner_n follow_v upon_o the_o victory_n of_o trajan_n in_o the_o east_n and_o his_o establishment_n of_o the_o three_o new_a province_n armenia_n assyria_n and_o mesopotamia_n and_o though_o adrian_n voluntary_o relinquish_v these_o new_a acquisition_n yet_o the_o prodigious_a swarm_n of_o the_o native_n who_o have_v wait_v on_o his_o predecessor_n triumph_n be_v still_o oblige_v to_o live_v in_o rome_n in_o the_o condition_n of_o slave_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o succeed_a prince_n who_o find_v it_o so_o hard_a a_o enterprise_n to_o defend_v their_o own_o territory_n have_v little_a leisure_n or_o concern_v to_o guard_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o muse_n and_o therefore_o claudian_n in_o those_o verse_n of_o his_o panegyric_n on_o stilico_n hinc_fw-la prisee_fw-mi redeunt_fw-la art_n felicibus_fw-la inde_fw-la ingeniis_fw-la aperitur_fw-la iter_fw-la despectaque_fw-la musâ—e_fw-la colla_n levant_a be_v guilty_a of_o a_o grand_a piece_n of_o flattery_n in_o make_v that_o minister_n the_o restorer_n of_o polite_a study_n when_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o in_o his_o time_n under_o honorius_n be_v the_o last_o struggle_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n the_o goth_n and_o vandal_n who_o soon_o carry_v all_o before_o they_o may_v easy_o fright_v learning_n and_o science_n off_o the_o stage_n since_o they_o be_v already_o so_o much_o out_o of_o countenance_n and_o thus_o render_v the_o conqueror_n of_o the_o universe_n as_o rough_a and_o illiterate_a as_o their_o first_o progenitor_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o inundation_n of_o the_o barbarous_a people_n prove_v equal_o fatal_a to_o art_n and_o empire_n and_o rome_n herself_o when_o she_o cease_v to_o be_v the_o mistress_n of_o the_o world_n in_o a_o little_a time_n quite_o forget_v to_o speak_v latin_n essay_n ii_o of_o the_o roman_a education_n it_o be_v a_o obvious_a remark_n that_o the_o strong_a body_n owe_v its_o vigour_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n to_o the_o very_a milk_n it_o receive_v in_o its_o infancy_n and_o to_o the_o first_o knit_n of_o the_o joint_n that_o the_o most_o stately_a tree_n and_o the_o fair_a of_o herb_n and_o flower_n be_v behold_v for_o their_o shade_n and_o beauty_n to_o the_o hand_n that_o first_o fix_v they_o in_o a_o agreeable_a soil_n a_o advantage_n which_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o want_v they_o seldom_o fail_v to_o degenerate_v into_o wildness_n and_o to_o assume_v a_o nature_n quite_o different_a from_o their_o proper_a species_n every_o own_o know_v how_o to_o apply_v the_o same_o observation_n to_o moral_n who_o have_v the_o sense_n to_o discover_v it_o in_o natural_n hence_o the_o most_o renown_a people_n in_o story_n be_v those_o who_o lawgiver_n think_v it_o their_o noble_a and_o most_o important_a work_n to_o prescribe_v rule_n for_o the_o early_a institution_n of_o youth_n on_o this_o basis_n lycurgus_n found_v the_o glorious_a discipline_n of_o the_o spartan_n which_o continue_v for_o five_o hundred_o year_n without_o any_o considerable_a violation_n the_o indian_a brahmin_n have_v a_o strain_n beyond_o all_o the_o wit_n of_o greece_n begin_v their_o care_n of_o mankind_n even_o before_o the_o birth_n and_o employ_v much_o thought_n and_o diligence_n about_o the_o diet_n and_o entertainment_n of_o their_o breed_a woman_n so_o far_o as_o to_o furnish_v they_o with_o pleasant_a imagination_n to_o compose_v their_o mind_n and_o their_o sleep_n with_o the_o best_a temper_n during_o the_o time_n that_o they_o carry_v their_o burden_n 1._o burden_n sir_n will._n temple_n miscell_n p._n 2._o essay_n 1._o plutarch_n severe_o reprehend_v the_o conduct_n of_o numa_n that_o in_o his_o settlement_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n he_o do_v not_o in_o the_o first_o place_n provide_v and_o constitute_v rule_n for_o the_o education_n of_o child_n and_o make_v the_o remissness_n in_o this_o early_a discipline_n the_o chief_a cause_n of_o the_o seditious_a and_o turbulent_a temper_n of_o that_o people_n and_o what_o contribute_v high_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n lycurg_n commonwealth_n plutarch_n compar_fw-la of_o numa_n and_o lycurg_n thus_o much_o indeed_o seem_v agree_v on_o by_o all_o the_o late_a historian_n that_o in_o the_o loose_a time_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o shameful_a negligence_n of_o parent_n and_o instructor_n with_o its_o necessary_a consequence_n the_o corruption_n and_o decay_n of_o morality_n and_o good_a letter_n strike_v a_o very_a great_a blow_n towards_o the_o dissolve_v of_o that_o glorious_a fabric_n but_o in_o the_o rise_a age_n of_o rome_n while_o theiâ—_n primitive_a integrity_n and_o virtue_n flourish_v with_o their_o arm_n and_o command_v the_o train_n up_o of_o youth_n be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o mosâ—_n sacred_a duty_n and_o they_o think_v themselves_o in_o the_o high_a manner_n oblige_v to_o leave_v fit_a successor_n to_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o world_n so_o that_o upon_o a_o short_a survey_n of_o their_o whole_a method_n and_o discipline_n from_o the_o birth_n to_o the_o entrance_n on_o public_a business_n they_o will_v appear_v so_o far_o to_o have_v exceed_v the_o wisdom_n and_o care_n of_o other_o nation_n as_o to_o contend_v for_o this_o glory_n ever_o with_o the_o ancient_a spartan_n who_o plutarch_n have_v magnify_v 〈◊〉_d much_o beyond_o they_o especial_o if_o we_o agree_v with_o a_o very_a greaâ—_n judge_n that_o the_o take_v no_o care_n about_o the_o learning_n but_o only_o about_o the_o life_n and_o manner_n of_o child_n may_v be_v just_o think_v a_o defect_n in_o lycurgus_n his_o institution_n education_n institution_n archbishop_n tillotson_n sermon_n of_o education_n quinctilian_n or_o tacitus_n in_o the_o dialogue_n de_fw-fr oratoribus_fw-la give_v a_o excellent_a account_n of_o the_o old_a way_n of_o breed_a child_n and_o set_v it_o off_o with_o great_a advantage_n by_o compare_v it_o with_o the_o modern_a as_o soon_o as_o the_o child_n be_v bear_v he_o be_v not_o give_v in_o charge_n to_o a_o hire_a nurse_n to_o live_v with_o she_o in_o some_o pitiful_a hole_n that_o serve_v for_o her_o lodging_n but_o be_v bring_v up_o in_o the_o lap_n and_o bosom_n of_o the_o mother_n who_o reckon_v it_o among_o her_o chief_a commendation_n to_o keep_v the_o
work_n give_v the_o city_n a_o name_n in_o allusion_n to_o his_o own_o and_o have_v be_v ever_o account_v the_o founder_n and_o patron_n of_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o roman_a affair_n under_o the_o king_n the_o witty_a historian_n history_n historian_n florus_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o history_n have_v very_o good_a reason_n to_o entitle_v the_o reign_n of_o the_o king_n the_o infancy_n of_o rome_n for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o under_o they_o she_o be_v hardly_o able_a to_o find_v she_o own_o leg_n and_o at_o the_o best_a have_v but_o a_o very_a feeble_a motion_n the_o great_a part_n of_o romulus_n time_n be_v take_v up_o in_o make_v law_n and_o regulation_n for_o the_o commonwealth_n three_o of_o his_o state-design_n i_o mean_v the_o asylum_n the_o rape_n of_o the_o sabine_a virgin_n and_o his_o way_n of_o treat_v those_o few_o who_o he_o conquer_v as_o they_o far_o exceed_v the_o politic_n of_o those_o time_n so_o they_o contribute_v in_o a_o extraordinary_a degree_n to_o a_o advancement_n of_o the_o new_a empire_n but_o then_o numa_n long_a reign_n serve_v only_o for_o the_o establishment_n of_o priest_n and_o religious_a order_n and_o in_o those_o three_o and_o forty_o year_n numa_n year_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o numa_n rome_n gain_v not_o so_o much_o as_o one_o foot_n of_o ground_n tullus_n hostilius_n be_v whole_o employ_v to_o convert_v his_o subject_n from_o the_o please_a amusement_n of_o superstition_n to_o the_o rough_a institution_n of_o martial_a discipline_n yet_o we_o find_v nothing_o memorable_a relate_v of_o his_o conquest_n only_o that_o after_o a_o long_a and_o dubious_a war_n the_o roman_n entire_o ruin_v their_o old_a mother_n alba_n 3._o alba_n florus_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 3._o after_o he_o anem_fw-la marcius_n lay_v aside_o all_o thought_n of_o extend_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o empire_n apply_v himself_o whole_o to_o strengthen_v and_o beautify_v the_o city_n 4._o city_n idem_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 4._o and_o esteem_v the_o commodiousness_n and_o magnificence_n of_o that_o the_o noble_a design_n he_o can_v possible_o be_v engage_v in_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n though_o not_o altogether_o so_o quiet_a as_o his_o predecessor_n yet_o consult_v very_o little_a else_o beside_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o government_n for_o the_o increase_n of_o which_o he_o appoint_v the_o ornament_n and_o badge_n of_o the_o several_a officer_n to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o common_a people_n 5._o people_n idem_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 5._o a_o more_o peaceful_a temper_n appear_v in_o servius_n tullius_n who_o principal_a study_n be_v to_o have_v a_o exact_a account_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o according_a to_o those_o to_o divide_v they_o into_o tribe_n 6._o tribe_n florus_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 6._o that_o so_o they_o may_v contribute_v with_o justice_n and_o proportion_n to_o the_o public_a expense_n of_o the_o state_n tarquin_n the_o proud_a though_o perhaps_o more_o engage_v in_o war_n than_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n 7._o predecessor_n see_v florus_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 7._o yet_o have_v in_o his_o nature_n such_o a_o strange_a composition_n of_o the_o most_o extravagant_a vice_n as_o must_v necessary_o have_v prove_v fatal_a to_o the_o grow_a tyranny_n and_o have_v not_o the_o death_n of_o the_o unfortunate_a lucretia_n administer_v to_o the_o people_n a_o opportunity_n of_o liberty_n yet_o a_o far_o slight_a matter_n will_v have_v serve_v they_o for_o a_o specious_a reason_n to_o endeavour_v the_o assertion_n of_o their_o right_n however_o on_o this_o accident_n all_o be_v sudden_o transport_v with_o such_o a_o mixture_n of_o fury_n and_o compassion_n that_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o brutus_n and_o collatinus_n to_o who_o the_o die_a lady_n have_v recommend_v the_o revenge_n of_o her_o injure_a honour_n 9_o honour_n idem_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 9_o rush_v immediate_o upon_o the_o tyrant_n they_o expel_v he_o and_o his_o whole_a family_n a_o new_a form_n of_o government_n be_v now_o resolve_v on_o and_o because_o to_o live_v under_o a_o divide_a power_n carry_v something_o of_o complacency_n in_o the_o prospect_n poplicola_n prospect_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o poplicola_n they_o unanimous_o confer_v the_o supreme_a command_n on_o the_o two_o generous_a asserter_n of_o their_o liberty_n 9_o liberty_n ibid._n &_o florus_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 9_o thus_o end_v the_o royal_a administration_n after_o it_o have_v continue_v about_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n florus_n in_o his_o reflection_n on_o this_o first_o age_n of_o rome_n can_v forbear_v applaud_v the_o happy_a fate_n of_o his_o country_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v bless_v in_o that_o weak_a age_n with_o a_o succession_n of_o prince_n so_o fortunate_o different_a in_o their_o aim_n and_o design_n as_o if_o heaven_n have_v purposely_o adapt_v they_o to_o the_o several_a exigency_n of_o the_o state_n 8._o state_n idem_fw-la cap._n 8._o and_o the_o famous_a machiavelli_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n 19_o opinion_n machtavel_n discourse_n on_o livy_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 19_o but_o a_o judicious_a author_n 1._o author_n mounseur_fw-fr st._n euremont_n reflection_n on_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o roman_a people_n cap._n 1._o have_v late_o observe_v that_o this_o difference_n of_o genius_n in_o the_o king_n be_v so_o far_o from_o procure_v any_o advantage_n to_o the_o roman_a people_n that_o their_o small_a increase_n under_o that_o government_n be_v referable_a to_o no_o other_o cause_n however_o thus_o far_o we_o be_v assure_v that_o those_o seven_o prince_n leave_v behind_o a_o dominion_n of_o no_o large_a extent_n than_o that_o of_o parma_n or_o mantua_n at_o present_a chap._n iii_o of_o the_o roman_a affair_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o consular_a government_n to_o the_o first_o punic_n war._n the_o tyrant_n be_v no_o soon_o expel_v but_o as_o it_o usual_o happen_v there_o be_v great_a plot_v and_o design_v for_o his_o restauration_n among_o several_a other_o young_a nobleman_n brutus_n his_n two_o son_n have_v engage_v themselves_o in_o the_o association_n but_o the_o conspiracy_n be_v happy_o discover_v and_o the_o traitor_n bring_v before_o the_o consul_n in_o order_n to_o their_o punishment_n brutus_n only_o address_v himself_o to_o his_o two_o son_n and_o demand_v whether_o they_o have_v any_o defence_n to_o make_v against_o the_o indictment_n upon_o their_o silence_n order_v they_o immediate_o to_o be_v behead_v and_o stay_v himself_o to_o see_v the_o execution_n commit_v the_o rest_n to_o the_o judgement_n of_o his_o colleague_n pâ—â—licola_n colleague_n 〈◊〉_d in_o vitâ—_n pâ—â—licola_n no_o action_n among_o the_o old_a roman_n have_v make_v a_o great_a noise_n than_o this_o it_o will_v be_v exceed_v difficult_a to_o determine_v whether_o it_o proceed_v from_o a_o motion_n of_o heroic_a virtue_n or_o the_o hardness_n of_o a_o cruel_a and_o unnatural_a humour_n or_o whether_o ambition_n have_v not_o as_o great_a a_o share_n in_o it_o as_o either_o but_o though_o the_o flame_n be_v so_o happy_o stifle_v within_o the_o city_n it_o soon_o break_v out_o with_o great_a fury_n abroâ—d_v for_o tarquin_n be_v not_o only_o receive_v with_o all_o imaginable_a kindness_n and_o respect_n by_o the_o neighbour_a state_n but_o supply_v too_o with_o all_o necessary_n in_o order_n to_o the_o recovery_n of_o his_o dominion_n the_o most_o powerful_a prince_n in_o italy_n be_v at_o that_o time_n porsenna_n king_n of_o hetruria_n or_o tuscany_n who_o not_o content_a to_o furnish_v he_o with_o the_o same_o supply_n as_o the_o rest_n apprâ—â—â—ed_v with_o a_o numerous_a army_n in_o his_o behalf_n to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o rome_n 1._o rome_n ilem_fw-la 〈…〉_o lib._n 1._o the_o city_n be_v in_o great_a hazard_n of_o be_v take_v when_o a_o admiration_n of_o the_o virtue_n and_o gallant_a disposition_n of_o the_o roman_n induee_v the_o besieger_n to_o a_o peace_n poplicol_n peace_n plut._n in_o poplicol_n the_o most_o remarkable_a instance_n of_o this_o extraordinary_a courage_n be_v cocles_n mutius_n and_o câ—â—lla_n câ—cles_n when_o the_o roman_n be_v beat_v back_o in_o a_o unfortunate_a sally_n and_o the_o enemy_n make_v good_a their_o pursuit_n to_o the_o very_a bridge_n only_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o two_o person_n defend_v it_o against_o their_o whole_a power_n till_o his_o own_o party_n break_v it_o down_o behind_o and_o then_o cast_v himself_o in_o his_o armour_n into_o the_o river_n and_o swim_v over_o to_o the_o other_o side_n ibid._n side_n plut._n ibid._n mutius_n have_v fail_v in_o a_o attempt_n upon_o porsenna_n person_n and_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o king_n to_o be_v examine_v thrust_v his_o right-hand_n which_o have_v commit_v the_o mistake_n into_o a_o pan_n of_o coal_n that_o stand_v ready_a for_o the_o sacrifice_n upon_o which_o generous_a action_n he_o be_v dismiss_v without_o far_a injury_n as_o for_o claelia_n she_o with_o
they_o be_v at_o last_o constrain_v to_o confirm_v the_o election_n of_o the_o soldier_n especial_o since_o they_o have_v pitch_v upon_o such_o a_o easy_a prince_n as_o will_v be_v whole_o at_o their_o command_n and_o disposal_n caligula_n disposal_n aurelius_n victer_n de_fw-fr casâ—ribus_fw-la in_o caligula_n the_o conquest_n of_o britain_n be_v the_o most_o memorable_a in_o his_o time_n owe_v partly_o to_o a_o expedition_n that_o he_o make_v in_o person_n but_o chief_o to_o the_o valour_n of_o his_o lieutenant_n ostorius_n scapula_n aulus_n plautius_n and_o veâ—pasâ—an_n the_o bound_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v in_o his_o reign_n as_o follow_v mesopotamia_n in_o the_o east_n rhine_n and_o damebe_n in_o the_o north_n mauritania_n in_o the_o south_n and_o britain_n in_o the_o west_n claud._n west_n aurelius_n victer_n deâ—â—saribâ—s_n â—â—saribâ—s_z in_o claud._n the_o roman_a arm_n can_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v make_v any_o considerable_a progress_n under_o nero_n especial_o when_o suctonius_n tell_v we_o he_o neither_o hope_v nor_o desire_v the_o enlargement_n of_o the_o empire_n 18._o empire_n sucton_n in_o nerone_n cap._n 18._o however_o two_o country_n be_v in_o his_o time_n reduce_v into_o roman_a province_n the_o kingdom_n of_o pontus_n and_o the_o cottian_a alps_n or_o that_o part_n of_o the_o mountain_n which_o divide_v dauphine_n and_o piedmont_n brâ—tain_n and_o aâ—menia_n be_v once_o both_o lose_v 40._o lose_v idem_fw-la cap._n 40._o and_o not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n recover_v and_o indeed_o his_o averseness_n to_o the_o camp_n make_v he_o far_o more_o odious_a to_o the_o soldier_n than_o all_o his_o other_o vice_n to_o the_o people_n so_o that_o when_o the_o citizen_n have_v the_o patience_n to_o endure_v he_o for_o fourteen_o year_n the_o army_n under_o galba_n his_o lieutenant_n in_o spain_n be_v constrain_v to_o undertake_v his_o removal_n galba_n be_v acknowledge_v on_o all_o hand_n for_o the_o great_a reformer_n of_o martial_a discipline_n and_o though_o before_o his_o accession_n to_o the_o empire_n he_o have_v be_v famous_a for_o his_o exploit_n in_o germany_n and_o other_o part_n 8._o part_n sucton_n in_o galb_n cap._n 8._o yet_o the_o shortness_n of_o his_o reign_n hinder_v he_o from_o make_v any_o advancement_n afterward_o his_o age_n and_o severity_n be_v the_o only_a cause_n of_o his_o ruin_n the_o first_o of_o which_o render_v he_o contemptible_a and_o the_o other_o odious_a and_o the_o remedy_n he_o use_v to_o appease_v the_o dissatisfaction_n do_v but_o ripen_v they_o for_o revenge_n for_o immediate_o upon_o his_o adopt_v piso_n by_o which_o he_o hope_v to_o have_v pacisied_a the_o people_n otho_n who_o have_v ever_o expect_v that_o honour_n and_o be_v now_o enrage_v at_o his_o disappointment_n 17._o disappointment_n idem_fw-la cap._n 17._o upon_o application_n make_v to_o the_o soldier_n easy_o procure_v the_o murder_n of_o the_o old_a prince_n and_o his_o adopt_a son_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v himself_o advance_v to_o the_o imperial_a dignity_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o german_a army_n under_o vitellius_n have_v a_o equal_a aversion_n to_o the_o old_a emperor_n with_o those_o at_o rome_n have_v swear_v allegiance_n to_o their_o own_o commander_n otho_n upon_o the_o first_o notice_n of_o their_o design_n have_v send_v to_o proffer_n vitellius_n a_o equal_a share_n in_o the_o government_n with_o himself_o 8._o himself_o suet._n in_o othon_n cap._n 8._o but_o all_o proposal_n for_o a_o accommodation_n be_v refuse_v and_o himself_o compel_v as_o it_o be_v to_o march_v against_o the_o force_n that_o be_v send_v towards_o italy_n he_o have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o defeat_v they_o in_o three_o small_a engagement_n but_o have_v be_v worsted_n in_o a_o great_a fight_n at_o bebriacum_n though_o he_o have_v still_o sufficient_a strength_n for_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n and_o expect_v daily_o a_o reinforcement_n from_o several_a part_n 9_o part_n ibid._n cap._n 9_o yet_o he_o can_v not_o by_o all_o the_o argument_n in_o the_o world_n be_v prevail_v with_o to_o hazard_v another_o battle_n but_o to_o end_v the_o contention_n kill_v himself_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n on_o this_o account_n historian_n though_o they_o represent_v his_o life_n as_o the_o most_o exact_a picture_n of_o unmanly_a softness_n yet_o they_o general_o confess_v his_o death_n equal_a to_o the_o noble_a of_o antiquity_n and_o the_o same_o author_n martial_a author_n martial_a that_o have_v give_v he_o the_o last_a title_n of_o mollis_fw-la otho_fw-la have_v yet_o set_v he_o in_o competition_n with_o the_o famous_a cato_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o last_o action_n of_o his_o life_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v of_o vitellius_n that_o he_o obtain_v the_o empire_n by_o the_o sole_a valour_n of_o his_o lieutenant_n and_o lose_v it_o pure_o on_o his_o own_o account_n his_o extreme_a luxury_n and_o cruelty_n be_v for_o this_o reason_n the_o more_o detestable_a because_o he_o have_v be_v advance_v to_o that_o dignity_n under_o the_o notion_n of_o the_o patron_n of_o his_o country_n and_o the_o restorer_n of_o the_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n within_o eight_o month_n time_n the_o provincial_a army_n have_v unanimous_o agree_v on_o vespasian_n 15._o vespasian_n sueton._n in_o vitel._n cap._n 15._o for_o their_o emperor_n and_o the_o tyrant_n after_o he_o have_v be_v strange_o mangle_v by_o the_o extreme_a fury_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o rabble_n be_v at_o last_o drag_v into_o the_o river_n tiber_n 17._o tiber_n id._n ibid._n cap._n 17._o the_o republic_n be_v so_o far_o from_o make_v any_o advancement_n under_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o three_o last_o reign_n that_o she_o must_v necessary_o have_v feel_v the_o fatal_a consequence_n of_o they_o have_v she_o not_o be_v seasonable_o relieve_v by_o the_o happy_a management_n of_o vespasian_n it_o be_v a_o handsome_a turn_n of_o some_o of_o his_o friend_n when_o by_o order_n of_o caligula_n his_o bosom_n have_v by_o way_n of_o punishment_n be_v stuff_v with_o dirt_n to_o put_v this_o interpretation_n on_o the_o accident_n that_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v miserable_o abuse_v and_o even_o tread_v under_o foot_n shall_v hereafter_o fly_v to_o his_o bosom_n for_o protection_n 5._o protection_n sueton._n in_o vespas_fw-la cap._n 5._o and_o indeed_o he_o seem_v to_o have_v make_v it_o his_o whole_a care_n and_o design_n to_o reform_v the_o abuse_n of_o the_o city_n and_o state_n occasion_v by_o the_o licentiousness_n of_o the_o late_a time_n nine_o province_n he_o add_v to_o the_o empire_n 7._o empire_n eutrop._n lib._n 7._o and_o be_v so_o very_o exact_a in_o all_o circumstance_n of_o his_o life_n and_o conduct_n that_o one_o who_o have_v examine_v they_o both_o with_o all_o the_o niceness_n imaginable_a can_v find_v nothing_o in_o either_o that_o deserve_v reprehension_n except_o a_o immoderate_a desire_n of_o riches_n 16._o riches_n id._n ibid._n cap._n 16._o and_o he_o covert_o excuse_v he_o for_o this_o by_o extol_v at_o the_o same_o time_n hâ—s_v extraordinary_a magnificence_n and_o liberality_n 18._o liberality_n id._n ibid._n cap._n 17_o 18._o but_o perhaps_o he_o do_v not_o more_o oblige_v the_o world_n by_o his_o own_o reign_n than_o by_o leave_v so_o admirable_a a_o successor_n as_o his_o son_n titus_n the_o only_a prince_n in_o the_o world_n that_o have_v the_o character_n of_o never_o do_v a_o ill_a action_n he_o have_v give_v sufficient_a proof_n of_o his_o courage_n in_o the_o famous_a siege_n of_o jerusalem_n and_o may_v have_v meet_v with_o as_o good_a success_n in_o other_o part_n have_v he_o not_o be_v prevent_v by_o a_o untimely_a death_n to_o the_o universal_a grief_n of_o mankind_n but_o then_o domitian_n so_o far_o degenerate_v from_o the_o two_o excellent_a example_n of_o his_o father_n and_o brother_n as_o to_o seem_v more_o emulous_a of_o copy_v nero_n or_o caligula_n however_o as_o to_o martial_a affair_n he_o be_v as_o happy_a as_o most_o of_o his_o predecessor_n have_v in_o four_o expedition_n subdue_v the_o catti_n daci_n and_o the_o sarmatian_n and_o extinguish_v a_o civil_a war_n in_o the_o first_o beginning_n 6._o beginning_n sucton_n in_o demit_fw-la cap._n 6._o by_o this_o mean_n he_o have_v so_o entire_o gain_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o when_o we_o meet_v with_o his_o near_a relation_n and_o even_o his_o very_a wife_n engage_v in_o his_o murder_n 14._o murder_n id._n ibid._n cap._n 14._o yet_o we_o find_v the_o army_n so_o extreme_o dissatisfy_v as_o to_o have_v want_v only_o a_o leader_n to_o revenge_v his_o death_n 23._o death_n id._n ibid._n cap._n 23._o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o roman_a affair_n from_o domitian_n to_o the_o end_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a the_o two_o follow_a emperor_n have_v be_v deserve_o style_v the_o restorer_n of_o the_o roman_a grandeur_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o viciousness_n or_o negligence_n of_o the_o former_a prince_n have_v be_v extreme_o impair_v nerva_n
viridomarus_n king_n of_o the_o gaul_n whence_o virgil_n say_v of_o he_o aeneid_n 6._o tertiaque_fw-la arma_fw-la patri_fw-la suspendet_fw-la capta_fw-la quirino_n where_o quirino_n must_v be_v understand_v only_o as_o a_o epithet_n apply_v to_o jupiter_n as_o denote_v his_o authority_n and_o power_n in_o war_n as_o the_o same_o word_n be_v attribute_v to_o janus_n by_o horace_n and_o sueton._n therefore_o servius_n be_v most_o certain_o guilty_a of_o a_o mistake_n when_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o first_o spoil_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v according_a to_o numa_n law_n to_o be_v present_v to_o jupiter_n the_o second_o to_o mars_n and_o the_o three_o to_o quirinus_n or_o romulus_n for_o that_o decree_n of_o numa_n only_o take_v place_n if_o the_o same_o person_n have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o take_v these_o spoil_n three_o time_n but_o we_o be_v assure_v that_o not_o only_a romulus_n but_o cossus_n and_o marcellus_n too_o all_o make_v the_o dedication_n to_o jupiter_n the_o admirer_n of_o the_o roman_a magnificence_n will_v be_v infinite_o please_v with_o the_o relation_n already_o give_v from_o plutarch_n of_o the_o triumphal_a pomp_n while_o other_o who_o fancy_n that_o people_n to_o have_v be_v possess_v with_o a_o strange_a measure_n of_o vainglory_n and_o attribute_v all_o their_o military_a state_n and_o grandeur_n to_o a_o ambition_n ostentation_n will_v be_v much_o better_o satisfy_v with_o the_o satirical_a account_n which_o juvenal_n furnish_v we_o with_o in_o his_o ten_o satyr_n he_o be_v say_v that_o democritus_n find_v subject_a enough_o for_o a_o continual_a fit_a of_o laughter_n in_o place_n where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o formal_a pageantry_n as_o be_v common_o to_o be_v see_v in_o rome_n and_o then_o he_o go_v on_o quid_fw-la si_fw-la vidisset_fw-la praetorem_fw-la curribus_fw-la altis_fw-la extantem_fw-la &_o medio_fw-la sublimem_fw-la in_o pulvere_fw-la circi_fw-la in_o tunicâ_fw-la jovis_n &_o pictae_fw-la sarrana_n ferentem_fw-la exit_fw-la humeris_fw-la aulaea_fw-la togae_fw-la magnaeque_fw-la coronae_fw-la tantum_n orbem_fw-la quanto_fw-la cervix_fw-la non_fw-la sufficit_fw-la ulla_fw-la quip_n tenet_fw-la sudans_fw-la hanc_fw-la publicus_fw-la &_o sibi_fw-la consul_n ni_fw-fr placeat_fw-la curru_fw-la servus_n portatur_fw-la eodem_fw-la dam_fw-la nunc_fw-la &_o volucrem_fw-la sceptro_fw-la quae_fw-la surgit_fw-la eburno_fw-la illinc_fw-la cornicine_n hinc_fw-la praecedentia_fw-la longi_fw-la agminis_fw-la officia_fw-la &_o niveos_fw-la ad_fw-la fraena_fw-la quirite_n defossa_fw-la in_o loculis_fw-la quos_fw-la sportula_fw-la fecit_fw-la amicos_fw-la what_o have_v he_o do_v have_v he_o behold_v on_o high_a our_o consul_n seat_v in_o mock-majesty_n his_o chariot_n roll_a over_o the_o dusty_a place_n while_o with_o dumb_a pride_n and_o a_o set_v formal_a face_n he_o move_v in_o the_o dull_a ceremonial_a track_n with_o jove_n embroider_v coat_n upon_o his_o back_n a_o suit_n of_o hanging_n have_v not_o more_o oppress_v his_o shoulder_n than_o that_o long_o laborious_a vest_n a_o heavy_a gugaw_n call_v a_o crown_n that_o spread_v about_o his_o temple_n drown_v his_o narrow_a head_n and_o will_v have_v crush_v it_o with_o the_o massy_a freight_n but_o that_o a_o sweat_a slave_n sustain_v the_o weight_n a_o slave_n in_o the_o same_o chariot_n see_v to_o ride_v to_o mortify_v the_o mighty_a mad-man_n pride_n and_o now_o the_o imperial_a eagle_n raise_v on_o high_a with_o golden_a beak_n the_o mark_n of_o majesty_n trumpet_n before_o and_o on_o the_o left_a and_o right_a a_o cavalcade_n of_o noble_n all_o in_o white_a in_o their_o own_o nature_n false_a and_o flatter_a tribe_n but_o make_v his_o friend_n by_o place_n and_o by_o bribe_n mr._n dryden_n chap._n xvii_o the_o roman_a way_n of_o declare_v war_n and_o of_o make_v league_n the_o roman_n use_v abundance_n of_o superstition_n in_o enter_v upon_o any_o hostility_n or_o close_v in_o any_o league_n or_o confederacy_n the_o public_a minister_n who_o perform_v the_o ceremonial_a part_n of_o both_o these_o be_v the_o feciale_n or_o herald_n already_o describe_v among_o the_o priest_n nothing_o remain_v but_o the_o ceremony_n themselves_o which_o be_v of_o this_o nature_n when_o any_o neighbour_a state_n have_v give_v sufficient_a reason_n for_o the_o senate_n to_o suspect_v a_o design_n of_o break_v with_o they_o or_o have_v offer_v any_o violence_n or_o injustice_n to_o the_o subject_n of_o rome_n which_o be_v enough_o to_o give_v they_o the_o repute_n of_o enemy_n one_o of_o the_o feciale_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o college_n on_o this_o occasion_n and_o habit_v in_o the_o vest_n belong_v to_o his_o order_n together_o with_o his_o other_o ensign_n and_o habiliment_n set_v forward_o for_o the_o enemy_n country_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o reach_v the_o confine_n he_o pronounce_v a_o formal_a declaration_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o arrival_n call_v all_o the_o god_n to_o witness_v and_o imprecate_v the_o divine_a vengeance_n on_o himself_o and_o his_o country_n if_o his_o reason_n be_v not_o just_a when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o again_o repeat_v the_o same_o declaration_n with_o some_o addition_n and_o withal_o desire_a satisfaction_n if_o they_o deliver_v into_o his_o power_n the_o author_n of_o the_o injury_n or_o give_v hostage_n for_o security_n he_o return_v satisfy_v to_o rome_n if_o otherwise_o they_o desire_v time_n to_o consider_v he_o go_v away_o for_o ten_o day_n and_o then_o come_v again_o to_o hear_v their_o resolution_n and_o this_o he_o do_v in_o some_o case_n three_o time_n but_o if_o nothing_o be_v do_v towards_o a_o accommodation_n in_o about_o thirty_o day_n he_o declare_v that_o the_o roman_n will_v endeavour_v to_o assert_v their_o right_n by_o their_o arms._n after_o this_o the_o herald_n be_v oblige_v to_o return_v and_o to_o make_v a_o true_a report_n of_o his_o embassy_n before_o the_o senate_n assure_v they_o of_o the_o legality_n of_o the_o war_n which_o they_o be_v now_o consult_v to_o undertake_v and_o be_v then_o again_o dispatch_v to_o perform_v the_o last_o part_n of_o the_o ceremony_n which_o be_v to_o throw_v a_o spear_n into_o or_o towards_z the_o enemy_n country_n in_o token_n of_o defiance_n and_o as_o a_o summons_n to_o war_n pronounce_v at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o set_a form_n of_o word_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n as_o to_o the_o make_n of_o league_n polybins_n acquaint_v we_o that_o the_o ratification_n of_o the_o article_n of_o a_o agreement_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v perform_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o carthaginian_n swear_v by_o the_o god_n of_o their_o country_n and_o the_o roman_n after_o their_o ancient_a custom_n swear_v by_o a_o stone_n and_o then_o by_o mars_n they_o swear_v by_o a_o stone_n thus_o the_o herald_n who_o take_v the_o oath_n have_v swear_v in_o behalf_n of_o the_o public_a take_v up_o a_o stone_n and_o then_o pronounce_v these_o word_n if_o i_o keep_v my_o faith_n may_v the_o god_n vouchsafe_v their_o assistance_n and_o give_v i_o success_n if_o on_o the_o contrary_a i_o violate_v it_o then_o may_v the_o other_o party_n be_v entire_o safe_a and_o preserve_v in_o their_o country_n in_o their_o law_n in_o their_o possession_n and_o in_o a_o word_n in_o all_o their_o right_n and_o liberty_n and_o may_v i_o perish_v and_o fall_v alone_o as_o now_o this_o stone_n do_v and_o then_o he_o let_v the_o stone_n fall_v out_o of_o his_o hand_n 3._o hand_n polyb._n lib._n 3._o livy_n account_n of_o the_o like_a ceremony_n be_v something_o more_o particular_a yet_o differ_v little_a in_o substance_n only_o that_o he_o say_v the_o herald_n conclude_a clause_n be_v otherwise_o may_v jove_n strike_v the_o roman_a people_n as_o i_o do_v this_o hog_n and_o according_o he_o kill_v a_o hog_n that_o stand_v ready_a by_o with_o the_o stone_n which_o he_o hold_v in_o his_o hand_n this_o last_o opinion_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o 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into_o the_o roman_a power_n they_o use_v sub_fw-la jugum_fw-la mitti_fw-la
faulty_a in_o many_o respect_n so_o particular_o be_v they_o in_o the_o chorus_n for_o sometime_o they_o hear_v all_o that_o be_v say_v upon_o the_o stage_n see_v all_o that_o be_v do_v and_o speak_v very_o proper_o to_o all_o at_o other_o time_n one_o will_v think_v they_o be_v blind_a deaf_a or_o dumb_a in_o many_o of_o these_o drama_n one_o can_v hardly_o tell_v who_o they_o represent_v how_o they_o be_v dress_v what_o reason_n bring_v they_o on_o the_o stage_n or_o why_o they_o be_v of_o one_o sex_n more_o than_o of_o another_o indeed_o the_o verse_n be_v fine_a full_a of_o thought_n and_o overload_v with_o conceit_n but_o may_v in_o most_o place_n be_v very_o well_o spare_v without_o spoil_v any_o thing_n either_o in_o the_o sense_n or_o the_o representation_n of_o the_o poem_n beside_o the_o thebais_n have_v no_o chorus_n at_o all_o which_o may_v give_v we_o occasion_n to_o doubt_v of_o what_o scaliger_n affirm_v so_o positive_o that_o tragedy_n be_v never_o without_o chorus_n 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&_o sinistris_fw-la with_o right_a and_o left-handed_a flute_n when_o they_o play_v on_o two_o flute_n of_o the_o same_o sound_n they_o use_v to_o say_v the_o music_n be_v perform_v tibiis_fw-la paribus_fw-la dextris_fw-la on_o equal_a right-handed_n flute_n if_o they_o be_v of_o the_o deep_a sort_n or_o else_o
to_o romulus_n himself_o as_o the_o consequence_n of_o a_o promise_v make_v to_o the_o sabine_a virgin_n that_o he_o will_v bestow_v a_o very_a considerable_a mark_n of_o honour_n on_o the_o first_o child_n that_o be_v bear_v to_o any_o of_o they_o by_o a_o roman_a father_n many_o believe_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o give_v they_o the_o bulla_n and_o the_o praetexta_fw-la be_v that_o the_o former_a be_v shape_v like_o a_o heart_n may_v as_o often_o as_o they_o look_v on_o it_o be_v no_o inconsiderable_a incitement_n to_o courage_n and_o that_o the_o purple_a of_o the_o gown_n may_v remind_v they_o of_o the_o modesty_n which_o become_v they_o at_o that_o age_n 6._o age_n macrâ—b_n saturnal_a lib._n 1._o cap_n 6._o but_o on_o what_o account_n soever_o this_o institution_n take_v its_o rise_n it_o be_v constant_o observe_v by_o all_o the_o son_n of_o the_o ingenui_fw-la or_o freeborn_a the_o libertini_n too_o in_o some_o time_n obtain_v the_o same_o privilege_n only_o instead_o of_o the_o 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ordinary_a garment_n of_o private_a person_n when_o they_o appear_v abroad_o so_o call_v because_o it_o have_v not_o the_o least_o addition_n of_o purple_a to_o the_o white_a we_o meet_v with_o the_o same_o gown_n under_o the_o name_n of_o virilis_n and_o libera_n it_o be_v call_v toga_fw-la virilis_n or_o the_o manly_a gown_n because_o when_o the_o youth_n come_v to_o man_n estate_n or_o to_o the_o age_n of_o seventeen_o year_n they_o change_v the_o praetexta_fw-la for_o this_o habit_n as_o be_v before_o observe_v on_o which_o occasion_n the_o friend_n of_o the_o youngster_n carry_v he_o into_o the_o forum_n or_o sometime_o into_o the_o capitol_n and_o attire_v he_o in_o the_o new_a gown_n with_o abundance_n of_o ceremony_n this_o they_o call_v dies_fw-la tyrocinii_fw-la the_o day_n on_o which_o he_o commence_v a_o tyro_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o army_n where_o he_o be_v now_o capacitate_v to_o serve_v it_o have_v the_o name_n of_o toga_fw-la libera_fw-la because_o at_o this_o 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have_v one_o remarkable_a restraint_n be_v oblige_v for_o the_o first_o whole_a year_n to_o keep_v their_o arm_n within_o their_o gown_n as_o a_o argument_n of_o modesty_n this_o cicero_n observe_v nobis_fw-la quidem_fw-la olim_fw-la annus_fw-la erat_fw-la unus_fw-la ad_fw-la cohibendum_fw-la brachium_fw-la togâ_fw-la constitutus_fw-la coelio_n constitutus_fw-la cicero_n pro_fw-la coelio_n the_o toga_fw-la pulla_fw-la and_o sordida_fw-la be_v very_o common_o confound_v yet_o upon_o a_o strict_a enquiry_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v proper_a to_o person_n in_o mourn_v be_v make_v of_o black_a cloth_n whence_o the_o person_n be_v call_v atrati_fw-la the_o toga_fw-la sordida_fw-la be_v black_a as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o but_o from_o a_o different_a cause_n have_v grow_v so_o by_o the_o long_a wear_n and_o sully_v of_o it_o and_o this_o as_o have_v be_v already_o observe_v be_v wear_v by_o the_o prisoner_n at_o their_o trial_n as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o 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over_o they_o this_o irregularity_n have_v gain_v a_o great_a head_n even_o in_o augustus_n his_o time_n who_o to_o rectify_v it_o in_o some_o measure_n command_v the_o aedile_n that_o they_o shall_v suffer_v no_o person_n in_o the_o forum_n or_o circus_n to_o wear_v the_o lacerna_fw-la over_o his_o gown_n as_o be_v then_o a_o ordinary_a practice_n the_o same_o excellent_a prince_n take_v notice_n at_o a_o public_a meeting_n of_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o rabble_n in_o these_o indecent_a habit_n cry_v out_o with_o indignation_n en_fw-fr romanos_fw-la rerum_fw-la dominos_fw-la gentemque_fw-la togatam_fw-la 40._o togatam_fw-la sueton._n august_n cap._n 40._o the_o toga_fw-la picta_fw-la purpurea_fw-la palmata_fw-la the_o consular_a trabea_n the_o paludamentum_fw-la and_o the_o chlamys_fw-la have_v very_o little_a difference_n and_o be_v promiscuous_o use_v one_o for_o the_o other_o be_v the_o robe_n of_o state_n proper_a to_o the_o king_n consul_n emperor_n and_o all_o general_n during_o their_o triumph_n this_o sort_n of_o gown_n be_v call_v picta_fw-la from_o the_o rich_a embroidery_n with_o figure_n in_o phrygian-work_a and_o purpurea_fw-la because_o the_o groundwork_a be_v purple_a the_o toga_fw-la palmata_fw-la indeed_o very_o seldom_o occur_v but_o