many_o thing_n different_a from_o the_o fashion_n use_v either_o in_o france_n or_o in_o italy_n or_o in_o any_o other_o place_n where_o the_o emperor_n law_n and_o constitution_n call_v the_o civil_a law_n be_v put_v in_o use_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a here_o to_o make_v a_o little_a digression_n to_o the_o intent_n that_o that_o which_o be_v say_v hereafter_o may_v be_v better_o understand_v all_o pursuite_n and_o action_n we_o call_v they_o in_o our_o english_a tongue_n plea_n and_o in_o barbarous_a but_o now_o usual_a latin_n placita_fw-la take_v that_o name_n abusive_a of_o the_o definitive_a sentence_n which_o may_v well_o be_v call_v placitum_fw-la or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o french_a use_v the_o same_o call_n in_o their_o language_n the_o sentence_n of_o their_o judge_n areste_fw-fr or_o arrest_v in_o which_o word_n notwithstanding_o after_o their_o custom_n they_o do_v not_o find_v the_o s._n but_o we_o call_v placitum_fw-la the_o action_n not_o the_o sentence_n and_o placitare_fw-la barbarouslie_o or_o to_o plead_v in_o english_a agere_fw-la or_o litigare_fw-la now_o in_o all_o judgement_n necessary_o be_v two_o party_n the_o first_o we_o call_v the_o impleader_n suitor_n demaunder_n or_o demaundaunt_a and_o plaintiff_n in_o criminal_a cause_n if_o he_o profess_v to_o be_v a_o accuser_n we_o call_v he_o appellant_n or_o appellour_n and_o so_o accusation_n we_o call_v appeal_v the_o other_o we_o call_v the_o defendant_n and_o in_o criminal_a cause_n prisoner_n for_o he_o can_v answer_v in_o cause_n criminal_a before_o he_o do_v render_v himself_o or_o be_v render_v prisoner_n index_n be_v of_o we_o call_v judge_n but_o our_o fashion_n be_v so_o diverse_a that_o they_o which_o give_v the_o deadly_a stroke_n and_o either_o condemn_v or_o acquit_v the_o man_n for_o guilty_a or_o not_o guilty_a be_v not_o call_v judge_n but_o the_o twelve_o man_n and_o the_o same_o order_n aswell_o be_v in_o civil_a matter_n and_o pecuniary_a as_o in_o matter_n criminal_a of_o plea_n or_o action_n chap._n 9_o plea_n or_o action_n criminal_a be_v in_o english_a call_v plea_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o be_v all_o those_o which_o tend_v to_o take_v away_o a_o man_n life_n or_o any_o member_n of_o he_o for_o his_o evil_n deserve_v against_o the_o prince_n and_o common_a wealth_n and_o this_o name_n be_v give_v not_o without_o a_o cause_n for_o take_v this_o for_o a_o principle_n that_o the_o life_n and_o member_n of_o a_o englishman_n be_v in_o the_o power_n only_o of_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o law_n when_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n be_v spoil_v either_o of_o life_n or_o member_n the_o prince_n be_v endamage_v thereby_o and_o have_v good_a cause_n to_o ask_v account_n how_o his_o subject_n shall_v come_v to_o that_o mischief_n and_o again_o for_o so_o much_o as_o the_o prince_n who_o govern_v the_o sceptre_n and_o hold_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n have_v this_o in_o his_o care_n and_o charge_n to_o see_v the_o realm_n well_o govern_v the_o life_n member_n and_o possession_n of_o his_o subject_n keep_v in_o peace_n and_o assurance_n he_o that_o by_o violence_n shall_v attempt_v to_o break_v that_o peace_n and_o assurance_n have_v forfeit_v against_o the_o sceptre_n and_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o not_o without_o a_o cause_n in_o all_o inquisition_n and_o inditemente_n if_o any_o be_v find_v by_o the_o twelve_o man_n to_o have_v offend_v in_o that_o behalf_n straight_o the_o prince_n be_v say_v to_o be_v party_n and_o he_o that_o shall_v speak_v for_o the_o prisoner_n shall_v be_v rebuke_v as_o speak_v against_o the_o prince_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v never_o defend_v but_o the_o prisoner_n and_o party_n defendant_n in_o any_o cause_n may_v allege_v for_o he_o all_o the_o reason_n mean_n and_o defence_n that_o he_o can_v and_o shall_v be_v peaceable_o hear_v and_o quiet_o but_o in_o those_o plea_n &_o pursuite_n of_o the_o crown_n procurer_n or_o advocate_n he_o get_v none_o plea._n which_o in_o civil_a and_o pecuniary_a matter_n be_v it_o for_o land_n rent_n right_a or_o possession_n although_o he_o plead_v against_o the_o prince_n himself_o be_v never_o deny_v plea_n civil_a be_v either_o personal_a or_o real_a personal_a as_o contract_n or_o for_o injury_n precept_n real_a be_v either_o possessory_a to_o ask_v or_o to_o keep_v the_o possession_n or_o in_o rem_fw-la which_o we_o call_v a_o write_v of_o right_a for_o that_o which_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v call_v actio_fw-la or_o formula_fw-la we_o call_v write_v in_o english_a so_o the_o greek_n call_v it_o word_n for_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o in_o our_o barbarous_a latin_a we_o name_v it_o breve_fw-la and_o as_o the_o old_a roman_n have_v their_o action_n some_o ex_fw-la jure_fw-la civili_fw-la and_o some_o ex_fw-la jure_fw-la praetorio_fw-la and_o ordinary_o praetor_n dabat_fw-la actiones_fw-la &_o formulas_fw-la actionum_fw-la so_o in_o england_n we_o retain_v still_o this_o and_o have_v some_o writ_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n other_o out_o of_o the_o common_a place_n or_o the_o king_n bench_n of_o the_o chief_a tribunal_n bench_n or_o court_n of_o england_n chap._n 10._o in_o time_n past_a as_o may_v appear_v to_o he_o that_o shall_v with_o judgement_n read_v the_o history_n and_o antiquite_v of_o england_n the_o court_n and_o bench_n follow_v the_o king_n and_o his_o court_n wheresoever_o he_o go_v especial_o short_o after_o the_o conquest_n which_o thing_n be_v find_v very_o cumbersome_a painful_a and_o chargeable_a to_o the_o people_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o parliament_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o stand_a place_n where_o judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v and_o it_o have_v long_a time_n be_v use_v in_o westminster_n hall_n which_o king_n william_n rufus_n build_v for_o the_o hall_n of_o his_o own_o house_n in_o that_o hall_n be_v ordinary_o see_v 3._o tribunal_n or_o judge_n seat_n at_o the_o entry_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o common_a place_n where_o civil_a matter_n be_v to_o be_v plead_v special_o such_o as_o touch_v land_n or_o contract_n at_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o hall_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n the_o king_n bench_n where_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n have_v their_o place_n and_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n sit_v the_o chancellor_n accompany_v with_o the_o master_n of_o the_o roll_n who_o in_o latin_a may_v be_v call_v custos_fw-la archivorum_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o certain_a man_n learn_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n call_v master_n of_o the_o chancery_n in_o latin_a they_o may_v be_v name_v assessores_fw-la of_o the_o time_n of_o plead_v call_v term_n &_o of_o the_o chancellor_n and_o chancery_n chap._n ii_o two_o thing_n may_v be_v move_v in_o question_n here_o how_o all_o england_n be_v so_o long_o and_o so_o large_a and_o have_v so_o many_o shire_n and_o province_n therein_o can_v be_v answer_v of_o justice_n in_o one_o place_n and_o in_o 3._o bench_n be_v they_o never_o so_o great_a a_o other_o whereas_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v exercise_v in_o criminal_a cause_n and_o in_o all_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o common_a place_n in_o all_o civil_a cause_n real_a and_o personal_a what_o place_n then_o have_v the_o chancery_n the_o first_o question_n will_v seem_v more_o marvellous_a and_o have_v more_o occasion_n of_o doubt_n when_o i_o shall_v also_o tell_v that_o the_o law_n be_v not_o open_a at_o all_o time_n no_o not_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o year_n but_o where_o all_o other_o city_n and_o common_a wealth_n have_v all_o the_o year_n plea_n suit_n and_o judgement_n except_o for_o certain_a holy_a day_n and_o harvest_n and_o vintage_n or_o when_o for_o some_o urgent_a cause_n the_o law_n be_v command_v to_o be_v stop_v which_o be_v call_v justitium_fw-la contrary_a in_o we_o it_o be_v but_o few_o time_n open_a that_o be_v only_o four_o time_n in_o the_o year_n which_o they_o call_v term_n after_o michaelmas_n about_o ten_o day_n during_o five_o or_o six_o week_n at_o the_o least_o after_o christmas_n about_o a_o month_n endure_v by_o the_o space_n of_o three_o week_n then_o from_o xvij_o day_n after_o easter_n by_o the_o space_n of_o three_o week_n &_o odd_a day_n likewise_o from_o the_o sixth_o or_o seven_o day_n after_o trinity_n sunday_n during_o two_o week_n and_o odd_a day_n all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o year_n there_o be_v no_o plead_n enter_v nor_o pursue_v of_o action_n this_o small_a time_n and_o all_o that_o but_o in_o one_o place_n may_v seem_v verse_n injurious_a to_o the_o people_n who_o must_v be_v fain_o to_o suffer_v much_o wrong_n for_o lack_n of_o justice_n and_o of_o place_n and_o time_n to_o plead_v but_o unto_o that_o hereafter_o i_o intend_v to_o answer_v more_o full_o and_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n that_o shall_v suffice_v which_o the_o wise_a cato_n answer_v to_o one_o who_o move_v that_o the_o
man_n for_o these_o fault_n he_o put_v in_o his_o bill_n which_o bill_n be_v present_v first_o to_o the_o justice_n sit_v upon_o the_o bench_n to_o see_v if_o it_o be_v conceive_v in_o form_n of_o law_n which_o do_v the_o complainant_n do_v deliver_v it_o to_o one_o of_o these_o inquest_n &_o after_o the_o complainant_n be_v swear_v he_o declare_v to_o they_o what_o he_o can_v for_o y_z e_z proof_n of_o it_o and_o if_o they_o find_v it_o true_a they_o do_v nothing_o but_o write_v on_o the_o backside_n of_o it_o billa_fw-la vera_fw-la as_o you_o will_v say_v scriptum_fw-la verum_fw-la or_o accusatio_fw-la iusta_fw-la or_o reus_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la accusatur_fw-la then_o he_o who_o be_v there_o name_v be_v call_v indict_v if_o they_o do_v not_o find_v it_o true_a they_o write_v on_o the_o backside_n ignoramus_fw-la &_o so_o deliver_v it_o to_o the_o justice_n of_o who_o it_o be_v rend_v into_o piece_n immediate_o he_o that_o be_v indict_v be_v account_v a_o lawful_a prisoner_n and_o after_o that_o time_n look_v more_o streit_o unto_o for_o this_o indictment_n be_v no_o conviction_n and_o if_o he_o be_v indict_v and_o be_v not_o already_o in_o prison_n the_o sheriff_n if_o he_o can_v find_v he_o bring_v he_o into_o prison_n if_o he_o can_v find_v he_o process_n be_v make_v out_o against_o he_o to_o render_v himself_o prisoner_n or_o else_o he_o be_v outlaw_v otherwise_o so_o he_o be_v call_v three_o time_n in_o diverse_a county_n day_n to_o render_v himself_o to_o the_o law_n the_o four_o be_v call_v the_o exigent_n by_o which_o he_o be_v outlaw_v not_o render_v himself_o as_o you_o will_v say_v exactus_fw-la or_o actus_fw-la in_o exilium_fw-la the_o outlaw_n lose_v all_o his_o good_n to_o the_o king_n for_o his_o disobedience_n but_o if_o after_o he_o will_v render_v himself_o to_o answer_v to_o the_o law_n and_o show_v some_o reasonable_a cause_n of_o his_o absence_n many_o time_n of_o grace_n his_o outlawerie_n be_v pardon_v these_o méetinge_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n four_o time_n in_o the_o year_n fine_n be_v call_v quarter_n session_n or_o session_n of_o enquiry_n because_o that_o nothing_o be_v there_o determine_v touch_v the_o malefactor_n but_o only_o the_o custody_n of_o they_o and_o this_o kind_n of_o proceed_v which_o be_v by_o inquisition_n of_o the_o xij_o man_n within_o themselves_o and_o their_o own_o conscience_n or_o by_o denunciation_n of_o he_o that_o put_v in_o his_o bill_n to_o the_o twelve_o be_v call_v at_o the_o king_n suit_n and_o the_o king_n be_v reckon_v the_o one_o party_n and_o the_o prisoner_n the_o other_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n do_v meet_v also_o at_o other_o time_n by_o commandment_n of_o the_o prince_n upon_o suspicion_n of_o war_n to_o take_v order_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o shire_n sometime_o to_o take_v muster_n of_o harness_n and_o able_a man_n and_o sometime_o to_o take_v order_n for_o the_o excessive_a wage_n of_o servant_n and_o labourer_n for_o excess_n of_o apparel_n for_o unlawefull_a game_n for_o conventicle_n and_o evil_a order_n in_o alehouse_n and_o tavern_n for_o punishment_n of_o idle_a and_o vagabund_a person_n and_o general_o as_o i_o have_v say_v for_o the_o good_a government_n of_o the_o shire_n the_o prince_n put_v his_o confidence_n in_o they_o and_o common_o every_o year_n or_o each_o second_o year_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n or_o afterwards_o for_o in_o the_o warm_a time_n the_o people_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v more_o unrulie_a even_o in_o the_o calm_a time_n of_o peace_n the_o prince_n with_o his_o counsel_n choose_v out_o certain_a article_n out_o of_o penal_a law_n already_o make_v for_o to_o repress_v the_o pride_n and_o evil_a rule_n of_o the_o popular_a and_o send_v they_o down_o to_o the_o justice_n will_v they_o to_o look_v upon_o those_o point_n and_o after_o they_o have_v meet_v together_o and_o consult_v among_o themselves_o how_o to_o order_v that_o matter_n most_o wise_o and_o circumspect_o whereby_o the_o people_n may_v be_v keep_v in_o good_a order_n and_o obedience_n after_o the_o law_n they_o divide_v themselves_o by_o three_o or_o four_o and_o so_o each_o in_o his_o quarter_n take_v order_n for_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o say_a article_n and_o then_o within_o certain_a space_n they_o meet_v again_o and_o certify_v the_o prince_n or_o his_o privy_a counsel_n how_o they_o do_v find_v the_o shire_n in_o rule_n &_o order_n touch_v those_o point_n and_o all_o other_o disorder_n there_o be_v never_o in_o any_o commonwealth_n divise_v a_o more_o wise_a a_o more_o dulce_fw-la and_o gentle_a nor_o a_o more_o certain_a way_n to_o rule_v the_o people_n whereby_o they_o be_v keep_v always_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o bridle_n of_o good_a order_n &_o soon_o look_v unto_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o offend_v than_o punish_v when_o they_o have_v offend_v for_o see_v the_o chief_a among_o they_o their_o ruler_n to_o have_v this_o special_a charge_n and_o do_v call_v upon_o it_o and_o if_o occasion_n so_o do_v present_a one_o or_o two_o present_o either_o punish_v or_o send_v to_o prison_n for_o disobedience_n to_o those_o old_a order_n &_o law_n they_o take_v a_o fear_n within_o themselves_o they_o amend_v and_o do_v promise_v more_o amendment_n so_o that_o it_o be_v as_o a_o new_a forbush_n of_o the_o good_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o a_o continual_a repress_v of_o disorder_n which_o do_v natural_o rest_v among_o man_n but_o as_o the_o invention_n of_o this_o and_o the_o use_n and_o execution_n thereof_o be_v the_o most_o benefitte_n that_o can_v be_v devise_v for_o the_o common_a wealth_n of_o england_n so_o when_o it_o be_v misuse_v dissemble_v with_o or_o be_v contemn_v &_o be_v do_v pro_fw-la forma_fw-la tantum_fw-la and_o as_o they_o term_v it_o in_o france_n par_fw-fr mainere_fw-la d'_fw-fr acquit_v only_a it_o will_v be_v the_o present_a ruin_n though_o not_o at_o the_o first_o apperceive_v of_o the_o common_a wealth_n of_o which_o the_o fault_n may_v be_v as_o well_o in_o the_o commander_n for_o not_o make_v good_a choice_n what_o and_o how_o they_o command_v as_o in_o the_o command_v for_o not_o execute_v that_o which_o be_v command_v of_o hue_n and_o cry_n and_o recognisaunce_n take_v upon_o they_o that_o may_v give_v evidence_n chap._n 20._o by_o the_o old_a law_n of_o england_n if_o any_o theft_n or_o robbery_n be_v do_v if_o he_o that_o be_v rob_v or_o he_o that_o see_v or_o perceive_v that_o any_o man_n be_v rob_v do_v levy_v hue_n &_o cry_n that_o be_v to_o say_v do_v call_v and_o cry_v for_o aid_n and_o say_v that_o a_o theft_n or_o robbery_n be_v do_v contrary_a to_o the_o prince_n peace_n and_o assurance_n the_o constable_n of_o the_o village_n to_o who_o he_o do_v come_v and_o so_o make_v that_o cry_n aught_o to_o raise_v the_o parish_n to_o aid_v he_o and_o seek_v the_o thief_n and_o if_o the_o thief_n be_v not_o find_v in_o that_o parish_n to_o go_v to_o the_o next_o and_o raise_v that_o constable_n and_o so_o still_o by_o the_o constable_n and_o they_o of_o the_o parish_n one_o after_o a_o other_o this_o hue_n and_o cry_n from_o parish_n to_o parish_n be_v carry_v till_o the_o thief_n or_o robber_n be_v find_v that_o parish_n which_o do_v not_o his_o duty_n but_o let_v by_o their_o negligence_n the_o thief_n to_o depart_v do_v not_o only_o pay_v a_o fine_a to_o the_o king_n but_o must_v repay_v to_o the_o party_n rob_v his_o damage_n so_o that_o every_o english_a man_n be_v a_o sergeant_n to_o take_v the_o thief_n and_o who_o show_v himself_o negligent_a therein_o do_v not_o only_o incur_v evil_a opinion_n therefore_o but_o hardly_o shall_v escape_v punishment_n what_o be_v do_v with_o the_o thief_n or_o robber_n when_o he_o be_v take_v i_o shall_v show_v you_o hereafter_o the_o same_o manner_n be_v follow_v if_o any_o man_n be_v slay_v for_o straight_o the_o murderer_n be_v pursue_v of_o every_o man_n till_o he_o be_v take_v so_o soon_o as_o any_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n by_o this_o hue_n or_o cry_n by_o the_o constable_n or_o any_o other_o who_o do_v pursue_v the_o malefactor_n he_o do_v examine_v the_o malefactor_n and_o write_v the_o examination_n and_o his_o confession_n then_o he_o do_v bind_v the_o party_n that_o be_v rob_v or_o he_o that_o sue_v and_o the_o constable_n and_o so_o many_o as_o can_v give_v evidence_n against_o the_o malefactor_n to_o be_v at_o the_o next_o session_n of_o gaol_n delivery_n to_o give_v their_o evidence_n for_o the_o queen_n he_o bind_v they_o in_o recognizance_n of_o xl_o xxl._n xxxl_o xll._n or_o c._n l._n according_a to_o his_o discretion_n and_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o crime_n which_o certify_v under_o his_o hand_n be_v levy_v upon_o the_o recognizance_n if_o
dub_a of_o the_o prince_n knight_n or_o some_o such_o great_a occasion_n may_v be_v by_o the_o king_n compel_v to_o take_v that_o order_n &_o honour_n or_o to_o pay_v a_o fine_a which_z many_z not_o so_o desirous_a of_o honour_n as_o of_o riches_n have_v rather_o disburse_v some_o who_o for_o cause_n be_v not_o think_v worthy_a of_o y_fw-fr e_o honour_n and_o yet_o have_v ability_n neither_o be_v make_v knight_n though_o they_o will_v and_o yet_o pay_v the_o fine_a xl._n l._n sterling_a at_o that_o time_n when_o this_o order_n begin_v make_v now_o cxx._n l._n of_o currant_n money_n of_o england_n as_o i_o have_v more_o at_o large_a declare_v in_o my_o book_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o standard_n or_o the_o valour_n of_o money_n when_o the_o roman_n do_v write_v senatus_fw-la populusque_fw-la romanus_n they_o seem_v to_o make_v but_o two_o order_n that_o be_v of_o the_o senate_n and_o of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o so_o in_o the_o name_n of_o people_n they_o contain_v equites_fw-la and_o plebem_fw-la so_o when_o we_o in_o england_n do_v say_v the_o lord_n and_o the_o commons_o the_o knight_n esquire_n &_o other_o gentleman_n with_o citizen_n burgese_n &_o yeoman_n be_v account_v to_o make_v the_o commons_o in_o ordain_v of_o law_n the_o senate_n of_o lord_n of_o england_n be_v one_o house_n where_o the_o archishop_n and_o bishop_n also_o be_v and_o the_o king_n or_o queen_n for_o the_o time_n be_v as_o chief_a the_o knight_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o gentleman_n citizen_n and_o burgese_n which_o be_v admit_v to_o consult_v upon_o the_o great_a affair_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v in_o a_o other_o house_n by_o themselves_o and_o that_o be_v call_v the_o house_n of_o the_o commons_o as_o we_o shall_v more_o clear_o describe_v when_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o parliament_n whereupon_o this_o word_n knight_n be_v derive_v and_o whether_o it_o do_v betoken_v no_o more_o but_o that_o which_o mile_n do_v in_o latin_a which_o be_v a_o soldier_n may_v be_v move_v as_o a_o question_n the_o word_n soldier_n now_o seem_v rather_o to_o come_v of_o sell_v and_o payment_n and_o more_o to_o betoken_v a_o wage_v or_o hire_v man_n to_o fight_v than_o otherwise_o yet_o caesar_n in_o his_o commentary_n call_v soldure_v in_o the_o tongue_n gallois_fw-fr man_n who_o devote_a &_o swear_v themselves_o in_o a_o certain_a band_n or_o oath_n one_o to_o another_o and_o to_o the_o captain_n which_o order_n if_o the_o almain_n do_v follow_v it_o may_v be_v that_o they_o who_o be_v not_o hire_v but_o be_v of_o the_o nation_n upon_o their_o own_o charge_n and_o for_o their_o advauncement_n and_o by_o such_o common_a oath_n or_o band_n that_o do_v follow_v the_o war_n speareman_n be_v possible_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d call_v knight_n or_o milites_fw-la and_o now_o among_o the_o almain_n some_o be_v call_v lanceknight_n as_o soldier_n of_o their_o band_n not_o hire_v although_o at_o this_o day_n they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n hireling_n or_o peradventure_o it_o may_v be_v that_o they_o which_o be_v next_o about_o the_o prince_n as_o his_o guard_n or_o servant_n pick_v or_o choose_v man_n out_o of_o the_o rest_n be_v call_v in_o the_o almain_n language_n knighten_v which_o be_v much_o to_o say_v as_o servant_n these_o man_n be_v find_v of_o good_a service_n the_o word_n afterward_o be_v take_v for_o a_o honour_n and_o for_o he_o who_o make_v profession_n of_o arm_n our_o language_n be_v so_o change_v that_o i_o dare_v make_v no_o judgement_n thereof_o now_o we_o call_v he_o knight_n in_o english_a that_o the_o french_a call_v chevalier_fw-fr knight_n and_o the_o lataine_n equitem_fw-la or_o equestris_fw-la ordinis_fw-la and_o when_o any_o man_n be_v make_v a_o knight_n he_o kneel_v down_o be_v strike_v of_o the_o prince_n with_o his_o sword_n naked_a upon_o the_o back_n or_o shoulder_n the_o prince_n say_v sus_fw-la or_o sois_fw-fr chivalier_n au_fw-fr nom_fw-fr de_fw-fr dieu_fw-fr and_o in_o time_n past_a they_o add_v s._n george_n and_o at_o his_o arise_v the_o prince_n say_v avauncèr_n this_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o dub_a of_o knight_n at_o this_o present_a and_o that_o term_v dubbing_z be_v the_o old_a term_n in_o this_o point_n and_o not_o creation_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o a_o king_n or_o queen_n there_o be_v knight_n of_o the_o bath_n make_v with_o long_a and_o more_o curious_a ceremony_n but_o howsoever_o one_o by_o dub_v or_o make_v a_o knight_n his_o wife_n be_v by_o and_o by_o call_v a_o lady_n as_o well_o as_o a_o baron_n wife_n he_o himself_o be_v not_o call_v lord_n but_o have_v to_o his_o name_n in_o common_a appelation_n add_v this_o syllable_n sir_n as_o if_o he_o before_o be_v name_v thomas_n william_n john_n or_o richard_n afterward_o he_o be_v always_o call_v sir_n thomas_n sir_n william_n senior_fw-la sir_n john_n sir_n richard_n and_o that_o be_v the_o title_n which_o man_n give_v to_o knight_n in_o england_n this_o may_v suffice_v at_o this_o time_n to_o declare_v the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o other_o order_n of_o knight_n in_o england_n which_o be_v call_v the_o knight_n of_o the_o garter_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o after_o he_o have_v obtain_v many_o notable_a victory_n king_n john_n of_o france_n king_n james_n of_o scotland_n be_v both_o prisoner_n in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n at_o one_o time_n and_o king_n henry_n of_o castell_n the_o bastard_n expulse_v out_o of_o his_o realm_n and_o don_n petro_n restore_v unto_o it_o by_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o duke_n of_o aquitaine_n call_v the_o black_a prince_n invent_v a_o society_n of_o honour_n and_o make_v a_o choice_n out_o of_o his_o own_o realm_n and_o dominion_n and_o all_o christendom_n and_o the_o best_a and_o most_o excellent_a renown_a person_n in_o virtue_n and_o honour_n he_o do_v adorn_v with_o that_o title_n to_o be_v knight_n of_o his_o order_n give_v they_o a_o garter_n deck_v with_o gold_n pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n with_o the_o buckle_v of_o gold_n to_o wear_v daily_o on_o the_o left_a leg_n only_o a_o kirtle_n gown_n cloak_n chaperon_o collar_n and_o other_o august_n and_o magnifical_a apparel_n both_o of_o stuff_n and_o fashion_n exquisite_a &_o heroical_a to_o wear_v at_o high_a feast_n as_o to_o so_o high_a and_o princely_a a_o order_n be_v meet_v of_o which_o order_n he_o and_o his_o succesor_n king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n to_o be_v the_o sovereign_a and_o the_o rest_n by_o certain_a statute_n and_o law_n among_o themselves_o be_v take_v as_o brethren_n and_o fellow_n in_o that_o order_n to_o the_o number_n of_o xxvi_o but_o because_o this_o be_v rather_o a_o ornament_n of_o the_o realm_n than_o any_o policy_n or_o government_n thereof_o i_o leave_v to_o speak_v any_o further_a of_o it_o of_o esquier_n chap._n 19_o escuy_a or_o esquire_n which_o we_o call_v common_o squire_n be_v a_o french_a word_n and_o betoken_v scutigerum_fw-la or_o armigerum_fw-la and_o be_v all_o those_o which_o bear_v arm_n as_o we_o call_v they_o or_o armoury_n as_o they_o term_v they_o in_o french_a which_o to_o bear_v be_v a_o testimony_n of_o the_o nobility_n or_o race_n from_o whence_o they_o do_v come_v these_o be_v take_v for_o no_o distinct_a order_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n but_o do_v go_v with_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o gentleman_n save_v that_o as_o i_o take_v it_o they_o be_v those_o who_o bear_v arm_n testimony_n as_o i_o have_v say_v of_o their_o race_n and_o therefore_o have_v neither_o creation_n nor_o dub_a or_o else_o they_o be_v at_o the_o first_o costerel_n or_o the_o bearer_n of_o the_o arm_n of_o lord_n or_o knight_n and_o by_o that_o have_v their_o name_n for_o a_o dignity_n and_o honour_n give_v to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o a_o common_a soldier_n call_v in_o latin_a gregarius_fw-la mile_n of_o gentleman_n chap._n 20._o gentleman_n be_v those_o who_o their_o blood_n and_o race_n do_v make_v noble_a and_o know_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o greek_a the_o lataine_n call_v they_o all_o nobiles_fw-la as_o the_o french_a noble_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o nobilitas_fw-la in_o latin_a be_v define_v honour_n or_o title_n give_v for_o that_o the_o ancestor_n have_v be_v notable_a in_o riches_n or_o virtue_n or_o in_o few_o word_n old_a riches_n or_o prowess_n remain_v in_o one_o stock_n which_o if_o the_o successor_n do_v keep_v and_o follow_v they_o be_v verè_fw-la nobiles_fw-la and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o they_o do_v not_o yet_o the_o same_o and_o wealth_n of_o their_o ancestor_n serve_v to_o cover_v they_o so_o long_o as_o it_o can_v as_o a_o thing_n once_o gilt_v though_o it_o be_v copper_n within_o till_o the_o gilt_n be_v wear_v away_o this_o have_v his_o reason_n for_o the_o etymology_n of_o the_o name_n
so_o the_o people_n be_v accustom_v to_o live_v in_o such_o a_o equality_n of_o justice_n &_o that_o in_o such_o sort_n that_o y_z e_z rich_a have_v no_o more_o advantage_n therein_o than_o the_o poor_a the_o process_n and_o proceed_n to_o the_o judgement_n be_v so_o short_a and_o judgement_n also_o be_v peremptory_a and_o without_o appellation_n yet_o to_o help_v for_o small_a matter_n where_o no_o great_a sum_n be_v in_o question_n there_o be_v other_o court_n in_o every_o shire_n from_o three_o week_n to_o three_o week_n the_o sheriff_n for_o small_a thing_n not_o pass_v xl_o s._n and_o in_o certain_a hundred_o and_o liberty_n the_o bailiff_n likewise_o from_o three_o week_n to_o three_o week_n hold_v plea._n and_o whosoever_o be_v possessioner_n and_o owner_n of_o a_o manor_n may_v hold_v from_o three_o week_n to_o three_o week_n or_o at_o his_o pleasure_n of_o his_o tennante_n and_o amongst_o his_o tennante_n a_o court_n call_v a_o court_n baron_fw-fr and_o there_o his_o tennantes_n be_v swear_v make_v a_o jury_n which_o be_v not_o call_v the_o enquest_n but_o the_o homage_n these_o principal_o do_v inquire_v of_o the_o copy_n holder_n and_o other_o free_a holder_n that_n be_v dead_a since_o the_o last_o court_n and_o bring_v in_o their_o heir_n and_o next_o successor_n and_o likewise_o of_o incrochment_n or_o intrusion_n of_o any_o of_o the_o tennante_n against_o the_o lord_n or_o among_o themselves_o they_o make_v order_n and_o law_n amongst_o themselves_o the_o pain_n of_o they_o if_o they_o be_v after_o break_v come_v to_o the_o lord_n and_o if_o any_o small_a matter_n be_v in_o controversy_n it_o be_v put_v to_o they_o and_o common_o they_o do_v end_v it_o but_o these_o court_n do_v serve_v rather_o for_o man_n that_o can_v be_v content_a to_o be_v order_v by_o their_o neighbour_n and_o which_o love_n their_o quiet_a and_o profit_n in_o their_o husbandry_n more_o than_o to_o be_v busy_a in_o the_o law_n for_o whether_o party_n soever_o will_v may_v procure_v a_o write_v out_o of_o the_o high_a court_n to_o remove_v the_o plea_n to_o westminster_n in_o city_n and_o other_o great_a town_n there_o be_v diverse_a liberty_n to_o hold_v plea_n for_o a_o big_a sum_n which_o do_v determine_v aswell_o as_o the_o common_a law_n and_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o yet_o for_o they_o that_o will_v it_o may_v be_v remoove_v to_o westminster_n hall_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o ordain_v first_o a_o precedent_n counsellor_n and_o judge_n one_o for_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n at_o ludlowe_n or_o else_o where_o a_o other_o for_o the_o north_n part_n of_o england_n at_o york_n where_o be_v many_o cause_n determine_v these_o two_o be_v as_o be_v parliament_n in_o france_n but_o yet_o if_o there_o be_v any_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n the_o party_n may_v move_v it_o at_o the_o first_o or_o remove_v it_o afterwards_o to_o westminster_n hall_n and_o to_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n of_o the_o realm_n or_o to_o the_o chanceller_n as_o the_o matter_n be_v these_o two_o court_n do_v hear_v matter_n before_o they_o part_n after_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n and_o part_n after_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o chancery_n of_o the_o leete_n or_o law_n day_n chap._n 18._o leete_n or_o law_n day_n be_v not_o incident_a to_o every_o manor_n but_o to_o those_o only_o which_o by_o special_a grant_n or_o long_a prescription_n have_v such_o liberty_n this_o be_v as_o it_o may_v appear_v first_o a_o special_a trust_n and_o confidence_n and_o commission_n give_v to_o a_o few_o put_v in_o trust_n by_o the_o prince_n as_o be_v now_o to_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n to_o see_v man_n swear_v to_o the_o prince_n to_o take_v pledge_n and_o surety_n in_o that_o manner_n of_o one_o for_o a_o other_o to_o answer_v for_o obedience_n and_o truth_n to_o inquire_v of_o privy_a conspiracy_n fray_n murder_n and_o bloudshedde_n and_o to_o this_o be_v add_v the_o oversight_n of_o bread_n and_o ale_n and_o other_o measure_n many_o time_n they_o that_o be_v out_o of_o the_o homage_n and_o court_n baron_n of_o that_o manor_n and_o lordship_n be_v nevertheless_o astrein_v and_o answerable_a to_o come_v to_o the_o léete_v this_o léete_v be_v ordinary_o keep_v but_o twice_o in_o the_o year_n and_o that_o at_o term_n and_o time_n prescribe_v the_o léete_v or_o law_n day_n be_v all_o one_o and_o betoken_v word_n for_o word_n legittimum_fw-la or_o iuridicum_fw-la diem_fw-la law_n the_o old_a saxon_n call_v lant_n or_o lag_v and_o so_o by_o corruption_n and_o change_v of_o language_n from_o lant_n to_o leete_n understand_v day_n they_o which_o keep_v our_o full_a english_a term_n call_v it_o yet_o law_n day_n of_o the_o proceed_n of_o cause_n criminal_a and_o first_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n chap._n 19_o before_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v in_o cause_n criminal_a can_v be_v well_o understand_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o speak_v of_o three_o person_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n the_o coroner_n and_o the_o constable_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v man_n elect_v out_o of_o the_o nobility_n high_a and_o low_o that_o be_v the_o duke_n marquess_n baron_n knight_n esquier_n and_o gentleman_n and_o of_o such_o as_o be_v learn_v in_o the_o law_n such_o and_o in_o such_o number_n as_o the_o prince_n shall_v think_v meet_a and_o in_o who_o for_o wisdom_n and_o discretion_n he_o put_v his_o trust_n inhabitant_n within_o the_o county_n save_v that_o some_o of_o the_o high_a nobility_n and_o chief_a magistrate_n for_o honour_n sake_n be_v put_v in_o all_o or_o in_o the_o most_o of_o the_o commission_n of_o all_o the_o shire_n of_o england_n these_o have_v no_o time_n of_o their_o rule_n limit_v but_o by_o commission_n from_o the_o prince_n alterable_a at_o pleasure_n at_o the_o first_o they_o be_v but_o iiij_o after_o viij_o now_o they_o come_v common_o to_o thirty_o or_o xl_o in_o every_o shire_n either_o by_o increase_n of_o riches_n learning_n or_o activity_n in_o policy_n and_o government_n so_o many_o more_o be_v find_v which_o have_v either_o will_n or_o power_n or_o both_o be_v not_o too_o many_a to_o handle_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n in_o this_o behalf_n of_o these_o in_o the_o same_o commission_n be_v certain_a name_v which_o be_v call_v of_o the_o quorum_fw-la in_o who_o be_v especial_a trust_n repose_v that_o where_o the_o commission_n be_v give_v to_o xl_o or_o thirty_o and_o so_o at_o the_o last_o it_o come_v to_o iiij_o or_o three_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o performance_n of_o many_o affair_n to_o have_v likewise_o diverse_a of_o the_o quorum_fw-la the_o word_n of_o the_o commission_n be_v such_o quorum_fw-la vos_fw-la a_o b._n c_o d._n e_o f._n unum_fw-la esse_fw-la volumus_fw-la the_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n be_v those_o in_o who_o at_o this_o time_n for_o the_o repress_v of_o robber_n thief_n and_o vagabund_n of_o privy_a complot_n and_o conspiracy_n of_o riote_n and_o violence_n and_o all_o other_o misdemeanour_n in_o the_o common_a wealth_n the_o prince_n put_v his_o special_a trust_n each_o of_o they_o have_v authority_n upon_o complaint_n to_o he_o make_v of_o any_o theft_n robbery_n manslaughter_n murder_n violence_n complote_v riotte_n unlawefull_a game_n or_o any_o such_o disturbance_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o realm_n to_o commit_v the_o person_n who_o he_o suppose_v offender_n to_o the_o prison_n and_o to_o charge_v the_o constable_n or_o sheriff_n to_o bring_v they_o thither_o the_o gaoler_n to_o receive_v they_o and_o keep_v they_o till_o he_o and_o his_o fellow_n do_v meet_v a_o few_o line_n sign_v with_o his_o hand_n be_v enough_o for_o that_o purpose_n these_o do_v meet_v four_o time_n in_o the_o year_n that_o be_v in_o each_o quarter_n once_o to_o inquire_v of_o all_o the_o misdemeanour_n aforesaid_a at_o which_o day_n the_o sheriff_n or_o his_o undersherife_n with_o his_o bailiff_n be_v there_o to_o attend_v upon_o he_o who_o must_v prepare_v against_o that_o time_n four_o enqueste_n of_o twenty-four_o yeoman_n a_o piece_n of_o diverse_a hundredes_o in_o the_o shire_n enquest_n and_o beside_o one_o which_o be_v call_v the_o great_a enquest_n out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o shire_n mingle_v with_o all_o these_o five_o inquest_n be_v swear_v before_o they_o to_o inquire_v of_o all_o heretic_n traitor_n theft_n murder_n manslaughter_n rape_n false_a monier_n extortioner_n riotte_n rout_n forcible_a entry_n unlawefull_a game_n and_o all_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o peace_n and_o good_a order_n of_o the_o realm_n &_o to_o bring_v in_o their_o verdict_n if_o they_o among_o themselves_o upon_o their_o own_o knowledge_n do_v find_v any_o culpable_a they_o cause_v one_o of_o the_o clerk_n to_o make_v the_o bill_n and_o if_o any_o be_v there_o to_o complain_v upon_o any_o
they_o fail_v of_o be_v there_o of_o the_o coroner_n chap._n 21._o but_o if_o any_o man_n woman_n or_o child_n be_v violent_o slay_v the_o murderer_n not_o know_v no_o man_n ought_v or_o dare_v bury_v the_o body_n before_o the_o coroner_n have_v see_v it_o the_o coroner_n be_v one_o choose_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o mean_a sort_n of_o gentleman_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o man_n see_v in_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o execute_v that_o office_n and_o if_o the_o person_n slay_v slay_v i_o call_v here_o whosoever_o he_o be_v man_n woman_n or_o child_n that_o violent_o come_v to_o his_o death_n whether_o it_o be_v by_o knife_n poison_n cord_n drown_v burn_a suffocation_n or_o otherwise_o be_v it_o by_o his_o own_o fault_n or_o default_n or_o by_o any_o other_o if_o i_o say_v the_o person_n slay_v be_v bury_v before_o the_o coroner_n do_v come_v which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n man_n dare_v not_o do_v he_o do_v cause_n the_o body_n to_o be_v take_v up_o again_o and_o to_o be_v search_v and_o upon_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o body_n so_o violent_o come_v to_o his_o death_n he_o do_v empanell_n a_o enquest_n of_o xij_o man_n or_o mo_z of_o those_o which_o come_v next_o by_o be_v they_o stranger_n or_o inhabitant_n which_o upon_o their_o oath_n and_o by_o the_o sight_n or_o view_v of_o the_o body_n and_o by_o such_o information_n as_o they_o can_v take_v must_v search_v how_o the_o person_n slay_v come_v to_o his_o death_n and_o by_o who_o as_o the_o doer_n or_o causer_n thereof_o these_o be_v not_o enclose_v into_o a_o strait_a place_n as_o i_o tell_v before_o of_o other_o enqueste_n but_o be_v suffer_v to_o go_v at_o large_a and_o take_v a_o day_n sometime_o after_o xx_o or_o thirty_o day_n more_o or_o less_o as_o the_o fact_n be_v more_o evident_a or_o more_o keep_v close_o to_o give_v their_o evidence_n at_o which_o day_n they_o must_v appear_v there_o again_o before_o the_o say_a coroner_n to_o give_v their_o verdict_n so_o sometime_o the_o person_n slay_v himself_o sometime_o the_o brother_n the_o husband_n the_o wife_n the_o sister_n some_o of_o acquaintance_n or_o stranger_n such_o as_o god_n will_v have_v reveil_v be_v take_v for_o whosoever_o they_o do_v find_v as_o guilty_a of_o the_o murder_n he_o be_v straight_o commit_v to_o prison_n and_o this_o be_v against_o he_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o indictment_n which_o be_v not_o a_o full_a condemnation_n as_o you_o shall_v see_v hereafter_o the_o empanel_a of_o this_o enquest_n and_o the_o view_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o give_v of_o the_o verdict_n be_v common_o in_o the_o street_n in_o a_o open_a place_n and_o in_o corona_n populi_fw-la but_o i_o take_v rather_o that_o this_o name_n come_v because_o that_o the_o death_n of_o every_o subject_n by_o violence_n be_v account_v to_o touch_v the_o crown_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o to_o be_v a_o detriment_n unto_o it_o the_o prince_n account_v that_o his_o strength_n power_n and_o crown_n do_v stand_v and_o consist_v in_o the_o force_n of_o his_o people_n and_o the_o maintenance_n of_o they_o in_o security_n and_o peace_n of_o the_o constable_n chap._n 22._o these_o man_n be_v call_v in_o the_o elder_a book_n of_o our_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n custodes_fw-la pacis_fw-la and_o be_v at_o the_o first_o in_o great_a reputation_n than_o they_o be_v now_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o there_o be_v a_o credit_n give_v unto_o they_o not_o altogether_o unlike_a to_o that_o which_o be_v now_o give_v to_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n to_o this_o day_n if_o any_o affraie_a chance_n to_o be_v make_v the_o constable_n ought_v and_o will_v charge_v they_o that_o be_v at_o debate_n to_o keep_v the_o prince_n peace_n and_o whosoever_o refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o constable_n therein_o all_o the_o people_n will_v set_v straight_o upon_o he_o and_o by_o force_n make_v he_o to_o render_v himself_o to_o be_v order_v likewise_o if_o any_o be_v suspect_v of_o theft_n or_o receive_v or_o of_o murder_n or_o of_o manslaughter_n the_o constable_n may_v take_v such_o person_n yea_o enter_v into_o any_o man_n house_n with_o sufficient_a power_n to_o search_v for_o such_o man_n till_o he_o find_v they_o and_o if_o he_o see_v cause_n keep_v the_o suspect_a person_n in_o the_o stock_n or_o custody_n till_o he_o bring_v they_o before_o a_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n to_o be_v examine_v but_o for_o so_o much_o as_o every_o little_a village_n have_v common_o two_o constable_n tithingman_n and_o many_o time_n artificer_n labourer_n and_o man_n of_o small_a ability_n be_v choose_v unto_o that_o office_n who_o have_v no_o great_a experience_n nor_o knowledge_n nor_o authority_n the_o constable_n at_o this_o present_a although_o this_o they_o may_v do_v upon_o their_o own_o authority_n yet_o they_o seem_v rather_o to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o executor_n of_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n for_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o understand_v by_o complaint_n that_o any_o man_n have_v steal_v rob_v slay_v or_o any_o servant_n or_o labourer_n without_o licence_n have_v depart_v out_o of_o his_o master_n service_n or_o any_o that_o live_v idle_a and_o suspect_o know_v once_o in_o what_o parish_n he_o be_v he_o write_v to_o the_o constable_n of_o the_o parish_n command_v he_o in_o the_o prince_n name_n to_o bring_v that_o man_n before_o he_o the_o constable_n dare_v not_o disobey_v the_o man_n be_v bring_v and_o examine_v by_o the_o justice_n and_o if_o the_o justice_n do_v find_v cause_n he_o commit_v he_o to_o the_o same_o constable_n to_o convey_v he_o further_o to_o the_o prince_n gaol_n where_o the_o party_n must_v lie_v till_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n do_v meet_a either_o at_o their_o quarter_n session_n or_o at_o their_o gaol_n delivery_n and_o that_o the_o law_n have_v either_o condemn_v or_o acquit_v he_o these_o constable_n be_v call_v in_o some_o place_n headborough_n in_o some_o place_n tithingman_n and_o be_v like_a to_o they_o who_o be_v call_v consul_n in_o many_o town_n and_o village_n in_o france_n the_o constable_n be_v common_o make_v and_o swear_v at_o the_o léete_n of_o the_o lord_n choose_v thereto_o by_o the_o homage_n and_o they_o keep_v that_o office_n sometime_o ij_o iij_o or_o iiij_o year_n more_o or_o less_o as_o the_o parish_n do_v agree_v what_o headborow_n do_v betoken_v it_o be_v easy_o know_v our_o language_n do_v declare_v he_o as_o the_o head_n or_o chief_a of_o the_o borowe_n or_o village_n likewise_o tithing_n man_n be_v the_o chief_a of_o y_fw-fr e_o tithing_n constable_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o come_v of_o our_o old_a english_a word_n kin_v which_o be_v kinnyngstable_n as_o you_o will_v say_v a_o man_n establish_v by_o the_o king_n for_o such_o thing_n as_o appertain_v to_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n &_o conservation_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n &_o as_o i_o say_v at_o the_o first_o be_v in_o some_o more_o reputation_n approach_v to_o that_o authority_n which_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n now_o do_v hold_v of_o the_o session_n of_o gaol_n delivery_n and_o the_o definitive_a proceed_n in_o cause_n criminal_a chap._n 23._o how_o thief_n and_o murderer_n and_o other_o malefactor_n against_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o peace_n be_v take_v &_o bring_v into_o hold_n to_o answer_v to_o justice_n partly_o by_o hue_n and_o cry_n partly_o by_o information_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n and_o the_o constable_n and_o how_o that_o at_o the_o quarter_n session_n they_o be_v indict_v or_o else_o by_o the_o coroner_n you_o have_v hear_v before_o enditement_n as_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o that_o which_o be_v also_o go_v before_o be_v but_o a_o former_a judgement_n of_o xij_o man_n which_o be_v call_v enquirer_n and_o no_o definitive_a sentence_n but_o that_o which_o in_o latin_a be_v call_v praeiudicium_fw-la it_o do_v but_o show_v what_o opinion_n the_o country_n have_v of_o the_o malefactor_n and_o therefore_o common_o man_n be_v indict_v absent_a not_o call_v to_o it_o nor_o know_v of_o it_o for_o though_o a_o man_n be_v indict_v yet_o if_o when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o arainement_n there_o be_v no_o man_n to_o pursue_v further_o nor_o no_o evidence_n of_o witness_n or_o other_o trial_n and_o indices_fw-la against_o he_o he_o be_v without_o difficulty_n acquit_v no_o man_n that_o be_v once_o indict_v can_v be_v deliver_v without_o arainement_n for_o as_o xij_o have_v give_v a_o prejudice_n against_o he_o so_o twelve_o again_o must_v acquit_v or_o condemn_v he_o but_o if_o the_o prisoner_n be_v not_o indict_v but_o send_v to_o prison_n upon_o some_o suspicion_n or_o suspicious_a behaviour_n and_o none_o do_v pursue_v he_o to_o the_o enditement_n first_o be_v proclaim_v thus_o a._n b._n
baptism_n do_v find_v so_o it_o do_v leave_v they_o for_o it_o change_v not_o civil_a law_n nor_o compacte_n amongst_o man_n which_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o god_n law_n but_o rather_o maintain_v they_o by_o obedience_n which_o see_v man_n of_o good_a conscience_n have_v that_o scruple_n whereof_o i_o write_v before_o have_v by_o little_a and_o little_o find_v mean_n to_o have_v and_o obtain_v the_o profit_n of_o servitude_n and_o bondage_n which_o gentility_n do_v use_v and_o be_v use_v to_o this_o day_n amongst_o christian_n on_o the_o one_o part_n and_o turk_n and_o gentile_n on_o the_o other_o part_n when_o war_n be_v betwixt_o they_o upon_o those_o who_o they_o take_v in_o battle_n turk_n and_o gentile_n i_o call_v they_o which_o use_v not_o our_o law_n the_o one_o beléeve_v in_o one_o god_n the_o other_o in_o many_o god_n of_o who_o they_o make_v image_n for_o the_o law_n of_o jew_n be_v well_o enough_o know_v &_o at_o this_o day_n so_o far_o as_o i_o can_v learn_v among_o all_o people_n jew_n be_v hold_v as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o common_a servitude_n and_o have_v no_o rule_n nor_o dominion_n as_o their_o own_o prophecy_n do_v tell_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o have_v after_o that_o christ_n be_v promise_v to_o they_o be_v of_o they_o refuse_v for_o when_o they_o will_v not_o acknowledge_v he_o obstinate_o for_o take_v their_o help_n in_o soul_n for_o the_o life_n to_o come_v and_o honour_n in_o this_o world_n for_o the_o time_n present_v not_o take_v the_o good_a tiding_n news_n and_o evangill_v bring_v to_o they_o for_o their_o disobedience_n by_o the_o great_a grace_n of_o god_n and_o by_o the_o promise_n of_o the_o prophet_n fructify_v in_o we_o which_o be_v gentile_n and_o bring_v forth_o this_o humanity_n gentleness_n honour_n and_o godly_a knowledge_n which_o be_v see_v at_o this_o present_a but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o purpose_n this_o persuasion_n i_o say_v of_o christian_n not_o to_o make_v nor_o keep_v his_o brother_n in_o christ_n servile_a bond_n and_o underling_n for_o ever_o unto_o he_o as_o a_o beast_n rather_o than_o as_o a_o man_n and_o the_o humanity_n which_o the_o christian_a religion_n do_v teach_v have_v engender_v through_o realm_n not_o near_o to_o turk_n and_o barbarian_n a_o doubt_n a_o conscience_n and_o scruple_n to_o have_v servant_n and_o bondman_n yet_o necessity_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o one_o to_o have_v help_n on_o the_o other_o to_o have_v service_n have_v keep_v a_o figure_n or_o fashion_n thereof_o so_o that_o some_o will_v not_o have_v bondman_n but_o ascripticij_fw-la glebae_fw-la and_o villain_n regardant_a to_o the_o ground_n to_o the_o intent_n their_o service_n may_v be_v furnish_v and_o that_o the_o country_n be_v evil_a unwholesome_a and_o other_o wise_a barren_a shall_v not_o be_v desolate_a other_o afterwards_o find_v out_o the_o way_n and_o mean_n that_o not_o the_o man_n but_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v bind_v and_o bring_v with_o it_o such_o bondage_n and_o service_n to_o he_o that_o occupi_v it_o as_o to_o carry_v the_o lord_n dung_n unto_o the_o field_n to_o plough_v his_o ground_n at_o certain_a day_n sow_n reap_v come_v to_o his_o court_n swear_v faith_n unto_o he_o and_o in_o the_o end_n to_o hold_v the_o land_n but_o by_o copy_n of_o the_o lord_n court_v roll_n and_o at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n this_o tenure_n be_v call_v also_o in_o our_o law_n villain_n bond_n or_o servile_a tenure_n yet_o to_o consider_v more_o deep_o all_o land_n even_o that_o which_o be_v call_v most_o free_a land_n have_v a_o bondage_n annex_v unto_o it_o not_o as_o natural_o the_o low_a ground_n must_v suffer_v and_o receive_v the_o water_n and_o filth_n which_o fall_v from_o the_o high_a ground_n nor_o such_o as_o justinian_n speak_v of_o de_fw-la seruitudinibus_fw-la praediorum_fw-la rusticorum_fw-la &_o urbanorum_fw-la but_o the_o land_n do_v bring_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o servitude_n to_o the_o prossessor_n for_o no_o man_n hold_v land_n simple_o free_a in_o england_n but_o he_o or_o she_o that_o hold_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n all_o other_o hold_v their_o land_n in_o fee_n that_o be_v upon_o a_o faith_n or_o trust_n and_o some_o service_n to_o be_v do_v to_o a_o other_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n as_o his_o superior_a and_o he_o again_o of_o a_o high_a lord_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o prince_n &_o he_o that_o hold_v the_o crown_n so_o that_o if_o a_o man_n die_v and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o he_o have_v land_n which_o he_o hold_v but_o of_o who_o no_o man_n can_v tell_v this_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o crown_n and_o in_o capitie_n which_o be_v much_o like_a to_o knight_n service_n and_o draw_v unto_o it_o three_o service_n homage_n ward_n and_o marriage_n that_o be_v he_o shall_v swear_v to_o be_v his_o man_n and_o to_o be_v true_a unto_o he_o of_o who_o he_o hold_v the_o land_n his_o son_n who_o hold_v the_o land_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n shall_v be_v marry_v where_o it_o please_v the_o lord_n he_o that_o hold_v the_o land_n most_o free_o of_o a_o temporal_a man_n for_o frank_a almose_n and_o frank_a marriage_n have_v a_o other_o cause_n and_o nature_n hold_v by_o fealty_n only_o which_o be_v he_o shall_v swear_v to_o be_v true_a to_o the_o lord_n and_o do_v such_o service_n as_o appertain_v for_o the_o land_n which_o he_o hold_v of_o the_o lord_n so_o that_o all_o free_a land_n in_o england_n be_v hold_v in_o fee_n or_o feodo_fw-la which_o be_v much_o to_o say_v as_o in_o fide_fw-la or_o fiducia_fw-la that_o be_v in_o trust_n and_o confidence_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v true_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o who_o he_o hold_v it_o pay_v such_o rent_n do_v such_o service_n and_o observe_v such_o condition_n as_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o first_o donation_n thus_o all_o save_v the_o prince_n be_v not_o viri_fw-la domini_fw-la but_o rather_o fiduciary_n domini_fw-la &_o possessores_fw-la this_o be_v a_o more_o likely_a interpretation_n than_o that_o which_o litleton_n do_v put_v in_o his_o book_n thereof_o who_o say_v that_o feodum_fw-la idem_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la haereditas_fw-la which_o it_o do_v betoken_v in_o no_o language_n this_o happen_v many_o time_n to_o they_o who_o be_v of_o great_a wit_n and_o learning_n yet_o not_o see_v in_o many_o tongue_n or_o mark_v not_o the_o deduction_n of_o word_n which_o time_n do_v alter_v litleton_n fides_n in_o latin_a the_o goth_n come_v into_o italy_n and_o corrupt_v the_o language_n be_v turn_v first_o into_o feed_v and_o at_o this_o day_n in_o italy_n they_o will_v say_v in_o fide_fw-la en_fw-fr fede_fw-es or_o ala_fw-la fe_o and_o some_o uncunning_a have_v that_o will_v make_v a_o new_a barbarous_a latin_a word_n to_o betoken_v land_n give_v in_o fidem_fw-la or_o as_o the_o italian_a say_v in_o feed_v or_o fe_o make_v it_o in_o feudum_fw-la or_o feodum_fw-la the_o nature_n of_o the_o word_n appear_v more_o evident_a in_o those_o which_o we_o call_v to_o fef_n feof_o or_o feoffee_n the_o one_o be_v fiduciary_n possessores_fw-la or_o fidei_fw-la commissarij_fw-la the_o other_o be_v dare_v in_o fiduciam_fw-la or_o fidei_fw-la commissum_fw-la or_o more_o latine_o fidei_fw-la committere_fw-la the_o same_o litleton_n be_v as_o much_o deceive_v in_o withernam_fw-la &_o diverse_a other_o old_a word_n this_o withernam_fw-la he_o interprete_v vetitum_fw-la navium_fw-la in_o what_o language_n i_o know_v not_o whereas_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v in_o plain_a dutche_n and_o in_o our_o old_a saxon_a language_n wyther_o nempt_v alterum_fw-la accipere_fw-la iterum_fw-la rapere_fw-la a_o word_n that_o betoken_v that_o which_o in_o barbarous_a latin_a be_v call_v represalia_fw-la when_o one_o take_v of_o i_o a_o distress_n which_o in_o latin_a be_v call_v pignus_fw-la or_o any_o other_o thing_n and_o carry_v it_o away_o out_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n wherein_o i_o dwell_v i_o take_v by_o order_n of_o he_o that_o have_v jurisdiction_n a_o other_o of_o he_o again_o or_o of_o some_o other_o of_o that_o jurisdiction_n and_o do_v bring_v it_o into_o the_o jurisdiction_n wherein_o i_o dwell_v that_o by_o equal_a wrong_n i_o may_v come_v to_o have_v equal_a right_n the_o manner_n of_o represalia_fw-la and_o that_o we_o call_v withernam_fw-la be_v not_o altogether_o one_o but_o the_o nature_n of_o they_o both_o be_v as_o i_o have_v describe_v and_o the_o proper_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n do_v not_o much_o differ_v but_o to_o return_v thither_o where_o we_o do_v digress_v you_o see_v that_o where_o the_o person_n be_v free_a and_o the_o body_n at_o full_a liberty_n and_o maximè_fw-la ingenui_fw-la yet_o by_o annex_v a_o condition_n to_o the_o land_n there_o be_v mean_n to_o bring_v the_o owner_n and_o possessor_n thereof_o into_o a_o certain_a servitude_n or_o rather_o libertinitie_n that_o the_o tenant_n beside_o
also_o we_o do_v reject_v woman_n as_o those_o who_o nature_n have_v make_v to_o keep_v home_o and_o to_o nourish_v their_o family_n and_o child_n and_o not_o to_o meddle_v with_o matter_n abroad_o nor_o to_o bear_v office_n in_o a_o city_n or_o common_a wealth_n no_o more_o than_o child_n and_o infant_n except_o it_o be_v in_o such_o case_n as_o the_o authority_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o blood_n and_o progeny_n as_o the_o crown_n a_o duchy_n or_o a_o erledome_n for_o there_o the_o blood_n be_v respect_v not_o the_o age_n nor_o y_o e_o sex_n whereby_o a_o absolute_a queen_n a_o absolute_a duchess_n or_o countess_n those_o i_o call_v absolute_a which_o have_v the_o name_n not_o by_o be_v marry_v to_o a_o king_n duke_n or_o earl_n but_o by_o be_v the_o true_a right_a &_o next_o successor_n in_o the_o dignity_n and_o upon_o who_o by_o right_a of_o the_o blood_n that_o title_n be_v descend_v these_o i_o say_v have_v the_o same_o authority_n although_o they_o be_v woman_n or_o child_n in_o that_o kingdom_n duchy_n or_o earldom_n as_o they_o shall_v have_v have_v if_o they_o have_v be_v man_n of_o full_a age_n for_o the_o right_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o the_o quietness_n and_o surety_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v more_o to_o be_v consider_v than_o either_o the_o tender_a age_n as_o yet_o impotent_a to_o rule_v or_o the_o sex_n not_o accustom_v otherwise_o to_o intermeddle_v with_o public_a affair_n be_v by_o common_a intendment_n understand_v that_o such_o personage_n never_o do_v lack_v the_o counsel_n of_o such_o grave_n and_o discreet_a man_n as_o be_v able_a to_o supply_v all_o other_o defect_n this_o as_o i_o say_v be_v not_o enough_o but_o the_o division_n of_o these_o which_o be_v participant_a of_o the_o common_a wealth_n be_v one_o way_n of_o they_o that_o bear_v office_n the_o other_o of_o they_o that_o bear_v none_o the_o first_o be_v call_v magistrate_n the_o second_o private_a man_n another_o the_o like_a be_v among_o the_o roman_n of_o partricij_fw-la &_o plebei_fw-la one_o strive_v with_o other_o a_o long_a time_n the_o patricij_fw-la many_o year_n exclude_v the_o plebes_fw-la from_o bear_a rule_n until_o at_o last_o all_o magistrate_n be_v make_v common_a between_o they_o yet_o be_v there_o another_o division_n of_o the_o roman_n into_o senatores_fw-la equites_fw-la and_o plebs_fw-la the_o greek_n have_v also_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o french_a have_v also_o at_o this_o day_n les_fw-fr noble_n &_o la_fw-fr popular_fw-la or_o gentiles_n home_n &_o villain_n we_o in_o england_n divide_v our_o man_n common_o into_o four_o fort_n gentleman_n citizen_n and_o yeoman_n artificer_n and_o laborer_n of_o gentleman_n the_o first_o and_o chief_a be_v the_o king_n the_o prince_n duke_n marquise_n earl_n vicounte_n baron_n and_o these_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o nobility_n and_o all_o these_o be_v call_v lord_n and_o nobleman_n next_o to_o these_o be_v knight_n esquier_n and_o simple_a gentleman_n of_o the_o first_o part_n of_o gentleman_n of_o england_n call_v nobilitas_fw-la maior_fw-la chap._n 17._o maior_fw-la have_v marquise_n earl_n vicounte_n and_o baron_n either_o be_v create_v by_o the_o prince_n or_o come_v to_o that_o honour_n by_o be_v the_o elder_a son_n as_o high_a &_o next_o in_o succession_n to_o their_o parent_n baron_n for_o the_o elder_a of_o duke_n son_n during_o his_o father_n life_n be_v call_v a_o earl_n a_o earl_n son_n be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o viscount_n or_o baron_n or_o else_o according_a as_o the_o creation_n be_v the_o creation_n i_o call_v the_o first_o donation_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o honour_n give_v by_o the_o prince_n for_o good_a service_n do_v by_o he_o and_o advauncement_n that_o the_o prince_n will_v bestow_v upon_o he_o which_o with_o the_o title_n of_o that_o honour_n be_v common_o but_o not_o always_o give_v to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o heir_n male_n only_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o son_n of_o the_o nobility_n by_o the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n be_v but_o esquier_n lord_n yet_o in_o common_a speech_n all_o duke_n and_o marquise_n son_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o a_o earl_n be_v call_v lord_n the_o which_o name_n common_o do_v agree_v to_o none_o of_o low_a degree_n than_o baron_n except_v such_o only_a as_o be_v thereunto_o by_o some_o special_a office_n call_v the_o barony_n or_o degree_n of_o lord_n do_v answer_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o senator_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o title_n of_o our_o nobility_n to_o their_o patricij_fw-la when_o patricij_fw-la do_v betoken_v senatores_fw-la aut_fw-la senatorum_fw-la filios_fw-la census_n senatorius_fw-la be_v in_o rome_n at_o diverse_a time_n diverse_a and_o in_o england_n no_o man_n be_v create_v baron_n except_o he_o may_v dispend_v of_o yearly_a revenue_n one_o thousand_o pound_n or_o one_o thousand_o mark_n at_o the_o least_o vicounte_n earl_n marquise_n and_o duke_n more_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o degree_n and_o honour_n but_o though_o by_o chance_n he_o or_o his_o son_n have_v less_o he_o keep_v his_o degree_n but_o if_o they_o decay_v by_o excess_n and_o be_v not_o able_a to_o maintain_v the_o honour_n as_o senatores_fw-la romani_fw-la be_v amoti_fw-la senatu_fw-la so_o sometime_o they_o be_v not_o admit_v to_o the_o upper_a house_n in_o the_o parliament_n although_o they_o keep_v the_o name_n of_o lord_n still_o of_o the_o second_o sort_n of_o gentleman_n which_o may_v be_v call_v nobilitas_fw-la minor_fw-la &_o first_o of_o knight_n chap._n 18._o no_o man_n be_v a_o knight_n by_o succession_n not_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n and_o the_o name_n of_o prince_n in_o england_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d betoken_v the_o king_n elder_a son_n or_o prince_n of_o wales_n although_o the_o king_n himself_o his_o elder_a son_n and_o all_o duke_n be_v call_v by_o general_a name_n prince_n but_o as_o in_o france_n the_o king_n elder_a son_n have_v the_o title_n of_o the_o dauphin_n and_o he_o or_o the_o next_o heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o crown_n be_v monsire_fw-mi so_o in_o england_n the_o king_n elder_a son_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o prince_n knight_n therefore_o be_v not_o bear_v but_o make_v either_o before_o the_o battle_n to_o encourage_v they_o the_o more_o to_o adventure_v their_o life_n or_o after_o the_o conflict_n as_o advauncement_n for_o their_o hardiness_n and_o manhood_n already_o show_v or_o out_o of_o the_o war_n for_o some_o great_a service_n do_v or_o some_o good_a hope_n through_o the_o virtue_n which_o do_v appear_v in_o they_o and_o they_o be_v make_v either_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o or_o by_o his_o commission_n and_o royal_a authority_n give_v for_o the_o same_o purpose_n or_o by_o his_o livetenaunt_n in_o the_o war_n who_o have_v his_o royal_a and_o absolute_a power_n commit_v to_o he_o for_o that_o time_n and_o that_o order_n seem_v to_o answer_v in_o part_n to_o that_o which_o the_o roman_n call_v equites_fw-la romanos_fw-la differ_v in_o some_o point_n and_o agree_v in_o other_o as_o their_o common_a wealth_n and_o we_o do_v differ_v and_o agree_v for_o never_o in_o all_o point_v one_o common_a wealth_n do_v agree_v with_o a_o other_o no_o nor_o long_a time_n any_o one_o common_a wealth_n with_o itself_o for_o all_o change_v continual_o to_o more_o or_o less_o and_o still_o to_o diverse_a &_o diverse_a order_n as_o the_o diversity_n of_o time_n do_v present_a occasion_n and_o the_o mutability_n of_o man_n wit_n do_v invent_v and_o assay_v new_a way_n to_o reform_v and_o amend_v that_o werein_o they_o do_v find_v fault_n equites_fw-la romani_fw-la be_v choose_v ex_fw-la censu_fw-la y_fw-es e_fw-la be_v according_a to_o their_o substance_n and_o riches_n so_o be_v knight_n in_o england_n most_o common_o according_a to_o the_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o their_o land_n be_v able_a to_o maintain_v that_o estate_n yet_o all_o they_o that_o have_v equestrem_fw-la censum_fw-la non_fw-la legebantur_fw-la equites_fw-la no_o more_o be_v all_o make_v knight_n in_o england_n that_o may_v dispende_v a_o knight_n land_n or_o fee_n but_o they_o only_a who_o the_o king_n will_v so_o honour_v the_o number_n of_o equites_fw-la be_v uncertain_a and_o so_o it_o be_v of_o knight_n at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o prince_n equites_fw-la romani_fw-la have_v equum_fw-la publicum_fw-la the_o knight_n of_o england_n have_v not_o so_o but_o find_v their_o own_o horse_n themselves_o in_o peace_n time_n and_o most_o usual_o in_o war_n census_n equester_n be_v among_o the_o roman_n at_o dinerse_a time_n of_o diverse_a value_n but_o in_o england_n whosoever_o may_v dispende_v of_o his_o free_a land_n 40._o l._n sterling_a of_o yearly_a revenue_n by_o a_o old_a law_n of_o england_n either_o at_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o king_n or_o marriage_n of_o his_o daughter_n or_o at_o the_o