prisoner_n and_o slay_v by_o this_o usurper_n at_o tymmouth_n upon_o occasion_n of_o which_o insurrection_n and_o war_n i_o conceive_v this_o council_n be_v most_o probable_o summon_v soon_o after_o this_o usurp_a regicide_n ethelred_n be_v slay_v himself_o even_o by_o those_o seditious_a subject_n who_o expel_v and_o slay_v osr_v to_o advance_v he_o to_o the_o 9_o throne_n the_o common_a fate_n of_o bloody_a usurper_n especial_o in_o this_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n as_o our_o historian_n observe_v 1â—…_n king_n offa_n in_o the_o year_n 793._o call_v a_o provincial_n 793._o parliamentary_a council_n where_o archbishop_n humbert_n and_o his_o suffragan_n with_o all_o the_o primate_fw-la and_o nobles_n be_v present_a wherein_o he_o treat_v with_o thâ—m_n about_o sound_v the_o monastery_n of_o st._n alban_n the_o first_o martyr_n in_o the_o place_n where_o his_o corpse_n be_v found_v endow_a it_o with_o land_n and_o privilege_n placuit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la regis_fw-la propositum_fw-la whereupon_o they_o conclude_v the_o king_n shall_v go_v to_o rome_n in_o person_n and_o procure_v from_o the_o pope_n the_o canonization_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o a_o confirmation_n of_o privilege_n to_o the_o abbey_n he_o intend_v to_o build_v he_o repair_v to_o rome_n according_o the_o pope_n commend_v his_o devotion_n give_v he_o his_o full_a aâ—…ent_n both_o to_o find_v a_o monastery_n and_o endow_v it_o with_o all_o such_o privilege_n as_o he_o desire_v enjoin_v he_o that_o return_v to_o his_o country_n ex_fw-la consilio_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la &_o optimatum_fw-la suorum_fw-la by_o advice_n of_o his_o bishop_n 〈…〉_z he_o shall_v confer_v 10._o to_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n alban_n what_o possession_n or_o privilege_n he_o will_v which_o he_o 〈◊〉_d grant_v or_o confirm_v to_o it_o by_o his_o special_a charter_n first_o and_o afterward_o he_o will_v confirm_v his_o original_n with_o his_o privilege_n and_o bull._n the_o king_n hereupon_o receive_v the_o pope_n benediction_n return_v home_o and_o hold_v two_o great_a council_n for_o the_o setliug_n of_o the_o land_n privilege_n and_o liberty_n of_o st._n alban_n the_o one_o at_o celcyth_n where_o be_v present_a 9_o king_n 15_o bishop_n and_o 20_o duke_n as_o john_n stow_z relate_v in_o his_o chronicle_n who_o all_o subscribe_v and_o ratify_v his_o charter_n 〈◊〉_d land_n and_o privilege_n grant_v to_o st._n alban_n the_o other_o council_n be_v hold_v at_o verolam_n which_o matthew_n westminster_n thus_o express_v congregato_fw-la apud_fw-la verolamium_n episcoporum_fw-la &_o optimatum_fw-la concilio_n unanimi_fw-la omnium_fw-la consensu_fw-la &_o voluntate_fw-la beato_fw-la albano_n amplas_fw-la contulit_fw-la terras_fw-la &_o possessiones_fw-la innumeras_fw-la quas_fw-la multiplici_fw-la libertatum_fw-la privilegio_fw-la insignivit_fw-la monachorum_fw-la vero_fw-la conventum_fw-la ex_fw-la domibus_fw-la bene_fw-la religiosis_fw-la ad_fw-la tumbam_fw-la martyris_fw-la congregavit_fw-la &_o abbatem_fw-la eye_v nomine_fw-la willegodum_fw-la praefecit_fw-la cui_fw-la cum_fw-la ipso_fw-la monasterio_n jura_n regalia_z concessit_fw-la this_o king_n then_o reign_v over_o 20_o shire_n at_o the_o same_o time_n by_o the_o unanimous_a assent_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o noble_n z_o give_v out_o of_o all_o those_o county_n to_o the_o english_a 314._o school_n at_o rome_n peter-pence_n in_o english_a call_v romescot_n yet_o he_o privilege_v the_o church_n of_o st._n alban_n with_o so_o great_a liberty_n that_o this_o church_n alone_o shall_v be_v quit_v of_o the_o apostolical_a custom_n and_o tribute_n call_v romescot_n when_o as_o neither_o the_o king_n nor_o archbishop_n nor_o any_o bishop_n abbot_z or_o prior_n or_o any_o other_o in_o the_o realm_n be_v exempt_v 6._o frow_fw-mi this_o payment_n and_o likewise_o grant_v that_o the_o church_n of_o st._n alban_n shall_v faithful_o collect_v the_o say_a romescot_n from_o all_o the_o county_n of_o hertford_n wherein_o the_o say_a church_n be_v situate_v and_o receive_v the_o money_n collect_v to_o that_o church_n own_o use_n and_o that_o the_o abbot_n thereof_o or_o a_o monk_n constitute_v his_o archdeacon_n under_o he_o shall_v exercise_v episcopal_a authority_n over_o all_o the_o priest_n &_o layman_n within_o the_o possession_n belong_v to_o the_o abbey_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v make_v subjection_n to_o no_o archbishop_n bishop_n or_o legate_n but_o only_o to_o the_o pope_n himself_o so_o as_o that_o church_n have_v omne_fw-la jura_fw-la regalia_z and_o the_o abbot_n thereof_o for_o the_o time_n be_v pontificalia_fw-la ornamenta_fw-la and_o that_o by_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o this_o king_n then_o make_v with_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o his_o bishop_n and_o noble_n in_o this_o great_a council_n what_o land_n he_o give_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n augustine_n and_o christchurch_n in_o canterbury_n and_o the_o archbishop_n there_o you_o may_v read_v at_o large_a in_o the_o chronicle_n of_o william_n thorne_n col_fw-fr 1775._o and_o evidentiae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la christi_fw-la cantuariensis_n col_fw-fr 2203_o 2219._o 776._o king_n offa_n decease_a an._n 797._o his_o son_n egfrid_n so_o 797._o soon_o as_o he_o be_v settle_v in_o his_o father_n kingdom_n imitate_v the_o pious_a footstep_n of_o his_o father_n devout_o confer_v many_o land_n and_o possession_n on_o the_o church_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o confirm_v they_o by_o his_o charter_n and_o privilege_n with_o all_o those_o other_o land_n privilege_n and_o royal_a liberty_n which_o his_o father_n have_v confer_v on_o the_o say_a church_n to_o enjoy_v they_o in_o the_o free_a manner_n et_fw-la ejus_fw-la donatio_fw-la ut_fw-la perpetuae_fw-la firmitatis_fw-la robur_n obtineret_fw-la juxta_fw-la morem_fw-la romananae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la omnium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la comitum_fw-la et_fw-la baronum_fw-la totius_fw-la imperii_fw-la svi_fw-la assemble_v in_o a_o general_a council_n of_o the_o realm_n subscriptionem_fw-la 1â—_n &_o signum_fw-la crucis_fw-la apposuit_fw-la cause_v all_o his_o bishop_n earâ—s_n and_o baron_n of_o his_o whole_a realm_n to_o subscribe_v and_o ratify_v his_o charter_n and_o donation_n with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n that_o it_o may_v be_v of_o perpetual_a force_n and_o validity_n moreover_o decline_v his_o father_n covetousness_n in_o all_o thing_n whatever_o he_o for_o the_o exaltation_n of_o his_o kingdom_n have_v diminish_v out_o of_o the_o possession_n of_o divers_a monastery_n he_o out_o of_o a_o pious_a devotion_n restore_v and_o confirm_v with_o his_o privilege_n or_o charter_n to_o all_o who_o desire_v it_o this_o pious_a king_n egfrid_n as_o our_o historian_n observe_v and_o let_v other_o note_v it_o who_o gain_n their_o kingdom_n power_n possession_n by_o bloodshed_n and_o treason_n be_v take_v away_o by_o sudden_a death_n on_o the_o 141_o day_n after_o his_o father_n decease_n which_o give_v great_a cause_n of_o grief_n to_o all_o the_o people_n of_o his_o realm_n not_o for_o his_o own_o sin_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v but_o because_o his_o father_n pro_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la confirmatione_fw-la sanguinem_fw-la â—…ffudit_fw-la for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o his_o kingdom_n shed_v much_o blood_n for_o he_o 17._o come_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o slaughter_n or_o king_n bernred_n foremention_v depose_v and_o slay_v by_o he_o for_o his_o usurpation_n tyranny_n and_o misgovernment_n than_o he_o invade_v and_o â—â—ew_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n alrick_n king_n of_o kent_n rout_z his_o force_n and_o reduce_v that_o kingdom_n under_o his_o own_o after_o this_o march_v from_o south_n to_o north_n even_o beyond_o humber_n he_o make_v havoc_n of_o all_o that_o stand_v in_o his_o way_n whence_o return_v in_o triumph_n he_o set_v upon_o the_o westsaxon_n and_o vanquish_v they_o force_v their_o king_n kenwolf_n to_o fly_v into_o wales_n to_o the_o briton_n for_o aid_n then_o enter_v into_o wales_n rout_z their_o king_n marmodius_n for_o break_v his_o truce_n make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o briton_n &_o after_o ten_o year_n prosperous_a war_n to_o conquer_v other_o return_v victorious_o into_o his_o own_o territory_n after_o his_o return_n thither_o to_o complete_a his_o bloody_a tragedy_n ethelberâ—_n king_n of_o east-angle_n come_v upon_o solemn_a invitation_n to_o his_o court_n in_o great_a state_n to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n be_v there_o treacherous_o murder_v by_o his_o wife_n quendreda_n solicitation_n and_o practice_n with_o his_o privity_n and_o consent_n who_o cause_v a_o deep_a pit_n to_o be_v dig_v in_o his_o bed_n chamber_n under_o his_o chair_n of_o state_n or_o bed_n into_o which_o he_o fall_v be_v there_o treacherous_o murder_v and_o his_o head_n cut_v off_o by_o gaymbertus_fw-la who_o present_v it_o all_o bloody_a to_o king_n offa_n who_o to_o colour_v the_o business_n seem_v to_o be_v sorrowful_a for_o this_o murder_n shut_v himself_o up_o in_o his_o chamber_n and_o there_o fast_v 8_o day_n space_n but_o then_o send_v a_o great_a army_n into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o this_o murder_a prince_n seize_v on_o &_o unite_v it_o to_o his_o own_o empire_n but_o god_n exemplary_a
ceolnoth_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n cry_v out_o with_o a_o loud_a voice_n that_o he_o be_v heal_v of_o his_o disease_n and_o perfect_o recover_v by_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o most_o holy_a confessor_n of_o christ_n most_o bless_a guthlac_n who_o business_n be_v then_o handle_v in_o their_o hand_n likewise_o many_o other_o most_o potent_a man_n in_o the_o say_a council_n cry_v out_o as_o well_o prelate_n as_o noble_n that_o they_o have_v be_v sick_a of_o that_o disease_n but_o now_o by_o god_n grace_n and_o the_o merit_n of_o most_o holy_a guthlac_n they_o feel_v no_o pain_n in_o any_o of_o their_o member_n through_o the_o say_a malady_n and_o all_o of_o they_o present_o bind_v their_o conscience_n with_o a_o most_o strict_a vow_n to_o visit_v the_o most_o sacred_a tomb_n of_o most_o holy_a guthlac_n at_o croyland_n with_o devout_a pilgrimage_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o can_v wherefore_o our_o lord_n king_n bertulf_n command_v the_o bishop_n of_o london_n who_o be_v then_o account_v the_o best_a notary_n and_o most_o eloquent_a speaker_n who_o be_v moreover_o touch_v with_o the_o same_o disease_n now_o predicate_v with_o great_a joy_n that_o he_o be_v heal_v to_o take_v the_o privilege_n of_o croyland_n into_o his_o hand_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v insist_v to_o honour_v his_o physicitian_n s._n guthlac_n with_o his_o hand_n write_v prout_fw-la consilium_fw-la slatueret_fw-la as_o the_o council_n shall_v ordain_v which_o also_o be_v do_v therefore_o in_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o king_n charter_n aforementioned_a the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n coolnoth_n confess_v himself_o whole_a and_o sound_a st._n swithin_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n rejoice_v concern_v 6._o the_o lord_n miracle_n alstan_n bishop_n of_o sherburn_n and_o orkenwald_n of_o lichenfeld_n give_v thanks_o for_o the_o success_n of_o the_o church_n and_o rethunus_fw-la bishop_n of_o leicester_n profess_v himself_o a_o servant_n to_o st._n guthlac_n so_o long_o as_o he_o live_v uuniversique_fw-la concilii_fw-la optimates_fw-la and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o council_n with_o a_o most_o ardent_a affection_n yield_v obedience_n to_o the_o king_n benevolent_a affection_n towards_o st._n guthlac_n in_o all_o thing_n from_o all_o which_o precedent_a passage_n in_o these_o two_o council_n it_o be_v apparent_a first_o that_o the_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o that_o age_n consist_v only_o of_o the_o king_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a lord_n and_o peer_n without_o any_o knight_n of_o shire_n or_o burgess_n of_o which_o we_o find_v no_o mention_n in_o this_o or_o any_o other_o former_a or_o succeed_a council_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n though_o sometime_o wiseman_n of_o inferior_a quality_n both_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n be_v particular_o summon_v to_o they_o without_o any_o popular_a election_n by_o the_o king_n special_a direction_n for_o their_o advice_n 2_o that_o all_o divine_a and_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n touch_v god_n religion_n and_o the_o church_n and_o all_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o public_a concernment_n relate_v to_o war_n or_o peace_n be_v debate_v consult_v of_o &_o settle_v in_o parliamentary_a council_n 3_o that_o the_o business_n of_o god_n and_o the_o church_n be_v there_o in_o usual_o first_o debate_v and_o settle_v before_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o which_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v precedency_n 4_o that_o all_o private_a grievance_n injury_n and_o oppression_n do_v by_o the_o king_n his_o officer_n or_o other_o private_a person_n to_o the_o church_n or_o other_o man_n be_v usual_o complain_v of_o and_o redress_v in_o parliamentary_a council_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o peer_n and_o that_o either_o upon_o the_o party_n petition_n set_v forth_o his_o grievance_n or_o a_o relation_n make_v thereof_o by_o the_o king_n or_o some_o other_o prelate_n or_o nobleman_n before_o the_o whole_a council_n 5_o that_o what_o can_v not_o be_v redress_v in_o one_o great_a council_n be_v in_o the_o next_o succeed_a council_n revive_v and_o redress_v according_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n 6_o that_o no_o peer_n nor_o member_n of_o the_o great_a council_n may_v absent_v himself_o in_o those_o time_n but_o upon_o just_a and_o lawful_a excuse_n which_o he_o ought_v humble_o to_o signify_v to_o the_o king_n and_o council_n by_o a_o special_a messenger_n and_o letter_n as_o abbot_n siward_n do_v here_o 7_o that_o all_o member_n of_o the_o council_n have_v free_a liberty_n of_o debate_n and_o vote_n in_o all_o business_n complain_v of_o or_o propose_v to_o they_o and_o a_o negative_a as_o well_o as_o a_o affirmative_a voice_n 8_o that_o all_o business_n than_o be_v propound_v and_o debate_v before_o all_o the_o council_n and_o resolve_v by_o they_o all_o not_o in_o private_a committee_n 9_o that_o our_o king_n in_o those_o day_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n can_v not_o lawful_o seize_v their_o subject_n money_n and_o plate_n against_o their_o will_n to_o raise_v soldier_n to_o resist_v invade_v foreign_a enemy_n but_o only_o borrow_v they_o by_o their_o free_a consent_n and_o hold_v themselves_o bind_v to_o restore_v or_o recompense_v the_o money_n lend_v or_o take_v by_o they_o in_o such_o exigency_n with_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n 10._o that_o our_o king_n in_o that_o age_n can_v not_o grant_v away_o their_o crown_n land_n create_v or_o in_o large_a sanctuary_n or_o exempt_v any_o abbey_n from_o tax_n and_o public_a payment_n or_o impose_v any_o public_a tax_n on_o their_o subject_n but_o by_o charter_n or_o grant_v make_v and_o ratify_v in_o and_o by_o their_o great_a council_n anno_fw-la 854._o 353._o king_n aethelulf_n give_v the_o ten_o part_n of_o 854._o his_o realm_n to_o god_n and_o his_o saint_n free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n exaction_n and_o tribute_n by_o this_o charter_n make_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o advice_n and_o free_a assent_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o noble_n throughout_o the_o realm_n then_o assemble_v in_o a_o great_a council_n to_o oppose_v the_o invade_a plunder_v danes_n regnante_fw-la in_o perpetnum_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la jesus_n christo_fw-la in_fw-la nostris_fw-la temporibus_fw-la bellorum_fw-la incendia_fw-la &_o direptiones_fw-la opum_fw-la nostrarum_fw-la &_o vastantium_fw-la crudelissimas_fw-la hostium_fw-la barbarorum_fw-la paganorumque_fw-la gentium_fw-la multiplices_fw-la tribulationes_fw-la affligentium_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la internecionem_fw-la cernimus_fw-la tempota_fw-la incumbere_fw-la periculosa_fw-la quamobrem_fw-la ego_fw-la aethelulfus_fw-la rex_fw-la occidentaliâ—m_fw-la saxonum_n cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la ac_fw-la principum_fw-la meorum_fw-la consilium_fw-la salubre_fw-la arque_fw-la uniform_a reme_n iâ—m_fw-la â—…avi_fw-la ut_fw-la aliquam_fw-la portionem_fw-la terrae_fw-la meae_fw-la deo_fw-la &_o beatae_fw-la mariae_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la sanctis_fw-la jure_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la 10._o possidendam_fw-la concedam_fw-la decimam_fw-la scilicet_fw-la partem_fw-la terrae_fw-la meae_fw-la 〈…〉_z et_fw-la libera_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la servitiis_fw-la secularibus_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la regalibus_fw-la tributis_fw-la majoribus_fw-la et_fw-la minoribus_fw-la seu_fw-la taxationibus_fw-la quae_fw-la nos_fw-la 〈…〉_z appeâ—…amus_fw-la sitque_fw-la omnium_fw-la rerum_fw-la libera_fw-la it_o pro_fw-la remissione_n apimarum_fw-la &_o preccarorum_fw-la meorum_fw-la â—…erviendâ—m_fw-la soli_fw-la deo_fw-la sine_fw-la expeditione_n et_fw-la pontis_fw-la constructione_n arcis_fw-la munitione_n ut_fw-la â—o_o diligentius_fw-la â—…o_fw-la nobis_fw-la preces_fw-la ad_fw-la deum_fw-la â—â—e_z cessatione_fw-la funâ—anâ—_n quo_fw-la eorum_fw-la servitutem_fw-la in_o aliquo_fw-la levigamus_fw-la the_o copy_n in_o our_o historian_n vary_v in_o some_o expression_n and_o in_o the_o dare_v of_o this_o charter_n some_o place_v it_o in_o anno_fw-la 855._o other_o anno_fw-la 865._o this_o charter_n as_o ingulphus_n record_v be_v make_v at_o winchester_n novemb_n 3._o anno._n 855._o praesentibus_fw-la &_o subscribentibus_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la angliae_fw-la universis_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la burredo_fw-la merciae_n &_o edmundi_fw-la east-anglorum_a rege_fw-la abbatum_fw-la &_o abbatissarum_fw-la ducum_fw-la comitum_fw-la procerumque_fw-la totius_fw-la terrae_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la fidelium_fw-la infinita_fw-la multitudine_fw-la dignitates_fw-la vero_fw-la sua_fw-la nomina_fw-la subscripserunt_fw-la after_o which_o for_o a_o great_a confirmation_n the_o king_n offer_v the_o write_a charter_n up_o to_o god_n upon_o the_o altar_n of_o st._n peter_n where_o the_o bishop_n receive_v it_o and_o after_o send_v it_o into_o all_o their_o diocese_n to_o be_v publish_v and_o hereupon_o the_o bishop_n of_o sherburne_n and_o winchester_n with_o the_o abbot_n and_o religious_a person_n on_o who_o the_o say_a benefit_n be_v bestow_v decree_v that_o on_o every_o wednesday_n in_o every_o church_n all_o the_o friar_n and_o nun_n shall_v sing_v 50_o psalm_n and_o every_o priest_n 2_o mass_n one_o for_o the_o king_n and_o a_o other_o for_o his_o captain_n it_o be_v observable_a first_o that_o the_o parliamentary_a council_n wherein_o this_o charter_n be_v make_v and_o ratify_v by_o common_a consent_n and_o this_o exemption_n and_o ten_o grant_v be_v principal_o call_v to_o resist_v the_o invade_a plunder_v danes_n 2_o
that_o this_o king_n and_o council_n in_o those_o time_n of_o invasion_n and_o necessity_n be_v so_o far_o from_o 〈…〉_z away_o the_o land_n and_o tithe_n of_o the_o church_n for_o 〈…〉_z of_o the_o realm_n or_o from_o impose_v new_a unusual_a 〈…〉_z and_o contribution_n on_o the_o clergy_n for_o thaâ—_n end_n thaâ—_n they_o grant_v they_o more_o land_n and_o tithe_n than_o former_o and_o exempt_v they_o from_o all_o former_a ordinary_a tax_n and_o contribution_n that_o they_o may_v more_o cheerful_o and_o frequent_o pour_v forth_o prayer_n to_o god_n for_o they_o as_o the_o best_a mean_n of_o defence_n and_o security_n against_o these_o foreign_a invade_a enemy_n 209._o mr._n selden_n recite_v another_o charter_n of_o this_o king_n of_o the_o same_o year_n different_a from_o it_o in_o month_n and_o place_n out_o of_o the_o chartulary_n of_o abbington_n abbey_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n make_v by_o parliamentary_a consent_n of_o that_o time_n &_o per_fw-la consilium_fw-la sâ—â—ubre_fw-la cum_fw-la episcopis_fw-la comâ—â—bus_fw-la ac_fw-la cunctis_fw-la optimatibus_fw-la mois_fw-fr which_o charter_n be_v subscribe_v by_o this_o king_n and_o his_o two_o son_n with_o some_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n ratify_v with_o their_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o this_o annex_v curse_n si_fw-mi quis_fw-la vero_fw-la minuere_fw-la vel_fw-la mutare_fw-la nostram_fw-la donationem_fw-la praesumpserit_fw-la noscat_fw-la se_fw-la ante_fw-la tribunal_n christi_fw-la redditurum_fw-la rationem_fw-la nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la satisfactione_n omendaverit_fw-la usual_a in_o such_o charter_n after_o life_n which_o this_o king_n go_v to_o rome_n carry_v alfred_n his_o young_a son_n thither_o with_o he_o who_o he_o most_o love_a to_o be_v educate_v by_o pope_n leo_n where_o continue_v a_o year_n he_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v crown_v king_n by_o the_o pope_n and_o return_v into_o his_o country_n marry_v judith_n the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o daughter_n bring_v alfred_n and_o she_o with_o he_o into_o england_n in_o the_o king_n absence_n in_o foreign_a part_n alstan_n bishop_n of_o sherburne_n eandulfe_n earl_n of_o somerset_n and_o certain_a other_o noble_n make_v a_o conspiracy_n with_o ethelbald_a the_o king_n elder_a son_n conclude_v he_o shall_v never_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o kingdom_n upon_o his_o return_n from_o rome_n for_o two_o cause_n one_o for_o that_o he_o have_v cause_v his_o young_a son_n alfred_n to_o be_v crown_v king_n as_o rome_n exclude_v thereby_o as_o it_o be_v his_o elder_a son_n and_o other_o from_o the_o right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n another_o for_o that_o contemn_v all_o the_o woman_n of_o england_n he_o have_v marry_v thâ—_n daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n a_o alien_a et_fw-fr contra_fw-la morem_fw-la et_fw-la statuta_fw-la regum_fw-la west-saxonum_n â—nd_v against_o the_o use_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n call_v judith_n the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o daughter_n who_o he_o late_o espouse_v queen_n and_o cause_v she_o to_o sit_v by_o his_o side_n at_o the_o table_n as_o he_o ea_v for_o the_o westsaxon_n permit_v not_o the_o king_n wife_n to_o sit_v by_o the_o king_n at_o the_o table_n nor_o yet_o to_o be_v call_v queen_n but_o the_o king_n wife_n 35._o which_o infamy_n arise_v â—â—om_n eadburga_n daughter_n of_o king_n offa_n queen_n of_o the_o same_o natâ—on_n who_o destroy_v her_o husband_n king_n brithrâ—…c_n with_o poison_n and_o sit_v by_o the_o king_n be_v wont_a to_o accuse_v all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o he_o who_o thereupon_o deprive_v they_o of_o life_n or_o banish_v they_o the_o realm_n &_o who_o she_o câ—uld_v not_o accuse_v she_o use_v to_o kill_v wâ—th_a poison_n therefore_o for_o this_o mis-doing_a of_o the_o queen_n they_o all_o conjure_v and_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v never_o permit_v a_o king_n to_o reign_v over_o they_o who_o shall_v be_v guilty_a in_o the_o premise_n wâ—…e_v eupon_o king_n aethelulfe_n return_v peaceable_o â—rom_o rome_n his_o son_n aethelbald_n with_o his_o complice_n attempt_v to_o bring_v their_o conceive_a wickedness_n to_o effect_v in_o exclude_v he_o from_o his_o own_o realm_n and_o crown_n but_o almighty_a god_n will_v not_o permit_v it_o for_o lest_o peradventure_o a_o more_o than_o civil_a war_n shall_v arise_v between_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n the_o conspiracy_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o noble_n cease_v though_o the_o king_n clemency_n who_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n former_o undivided_a with_o his_o son_n so_o that_o the_o east_n paâ—t_v of_o the_o realm_n shall_v go_v 10._o to_o his_o son_n ethelbald_n and_o the_o west-part_n remain_v to_o the_o father_n and_o when_o tota_fw-la regni_fw-la nobiliras_n all_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o whole_a nation_n of_o the_o west-saxers_a will_v have_v fight_v for_o the_o king_n thrust_v his_o son_n etheibald_a from_o the_o right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o 〈…〉_z he_o and_o â—is_n complice_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n qui_fw-la tantum_fw-la facinus_fw-la perpetrare_fw-la ausi_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o regem_fw-la à _fw-la regno_fw-la â—…epeâ—â—erent_fw-la which_o wigorniensis_n anno_fw-la 855._o â—il_fw-la facinus_fw-la et_fw-la inauditum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la saeculis_fw-la ante_fw-la infortunium_fw-la if_o the_o father_n will_v have_v permit_v they_o to_o do_v it_o he_o out_o of_o the_o nobleness_n of_o his_o mind_n satisfy_v his_o son_n desire_v so_o that_o where_o the_o father_n ought_v to_o have_v reign_v by_o the_o just_a judgement_n of_o god_n there_o the_o obstinate_a and_o wicked_a son_n reign_v this_o king_n forecited_a aethelulfe_n before_o the_o death_n of_o egbert_n his_o father_n be_v ordain_v bishop_n of_o winchester_n but_o his_o father_n die_v he_o be_v make_v king_n by_o the_o prelate_n noble_n and_o people_n much_o against_o his_o will_n cum_fw-la non_fw-la esset_fw-la alius_fw-la de_fw-la regio_fw-la genere_fw-la qui_fw-la regnare_fw-la debuisset_fw-la because_o there_o be_v none_o other_o of_o the_o royal_a race_n who_o ought_v to_o reign_v haeredibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la deficientibus_fw-la postmodum_fw-la necessitate_v compulsus_fw-la gubernacula_fw-la regm_n in_fw-la se_fw-la suscepit_fw-la as_o bromton_n and_o other_o express_v it_o at_o his_o death_n anno_fw-la 857._o he_o do_v by_o his_o will_n lest_o his_o 857._o son_n shall_v fall_v out_o between_o themselves_o after_o his_o decease_n give_v the_o kingdom_n of_o kent_n with_o sussex_n and_o essex_n to_o ethelbert_n his_o second_o son_n and_o leave_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n to_o his_o elder_a son_n aethelbald_a then_o he_o devise_v certain_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o his_o daughter_n kindred_n noble_n and_o a_o constant_a annuity_n for_o ever_o for_o meat_n drink_n and_o clothes_n to_o one_o poor_a man_n or_o pilgrim_n out_o of_o every_o 10_o hide_n of_o his_o land_n &_o 300_o mark_n of_o money_n to_o be_v send_v yearly_a to_o rome_n to_o be_v spend_v there_o in_o oil_n for_o lamp_n &_o alm_n which_o sum_n i_o never_o find_v pay_v by_o his_o successor_n as_o he_o prescribe_v by_o his_o will_n and_o charter_n too_o because_o not_o confirm_v by_o his_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n of_o prelate_n and_o noble_n as_o his_o forcited_a charter_n and_o 30._o peter-pence_n likewise_o grant_v by_o he_o be_v upon_o this_o occasion_n â_v some_o record_n that_o he_o be_v in_o rome_n and_o see_v there_o out_o lawed_a man_n do_v penance_n in_o bond_n of_o iron_n purchase_v of_o the_o pope_n that_o englishman_n after_o that_o time_n shall_v never_o onâ—_n of_o their_o country_n do_v penance_n in_o bond_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 867._o history_n osbrith_n king_n of_o 867._o northumberland_n as_o bromton_n record_v reside_v at_o york_n as_o he_o return_v from_o hunt_v go_v into_o the_o house_n of_o one_o of_o his_o noble_n call_v bruern_v bocard_n to_o eat_v who_o be_v then_o go_v to_o the_o seacoast_n to_o defend_v it_o &_o the_o port_n against_o thief_n and_o pirate_n as_o he_o be_v accustom_v his_o lady_n be_v extraordinary_o beautiful_a entertain_v he_o very_o honourable_o at_o dinner_n the_o k._n enamour_v with_o her_o beauty_n after_o dinner_n take_v she_o by_o the_o hand_n lead_v she_o into_o her_o chamber_n say_v he_o will_v speak_v with_o she_o in_o private_a and_o there_o violent_o ravish_v she_o against_o her_o will_n which_o do_v he_o present_o return_v to_o york_n but_o the_o lady_n abode_n at_o her_o house_n weeping_z and_o lament_v the_o deed_n of_o the_o king_n whereby_o she_o lose_v her_o former_a colour_n and_o beauty_n her_o husband_n return_v and_o find_v she_o in_o this_o sad_a condition_n inquire_v the_o cause_n thereof_o where_o with_o she_o full_o acquaint_v he_o he_o thereupon_o cheer_v she_o up_o with_o comsortable_a word_n say_v that_o he_o will_v not_o love_v she_o the_o less_o for_o it_o since_o her_o weakness_n be_v unable_a to_o resist_v the_o king_n power_n and_o vow_v by_o god_n assistance_n speedy_o to_o avenge_v himself_o &_o she_o of_o the_o king_n for_o this_o indignity_n
where_o upon_o be_v a_o noble_a and_o very_a potent_a man_n of_o great_a parentage_n he_o call_v all_o his_o kinsman_n and_o the_o chief_a noble_n of_o his_o family_n to_o he_o with_o all_o speed_n and_o acquaint_v they_o with_o this_o dishonour_n do_v to_o he_o by_o the_o king_n say_v he_o will_v by_o all_o mean_n be_v avenge_v thereof_o and_o by_o their_o counsel_n and_o consent_n they_o go_v all_o together_o to_o york_n to_o the_o king_n who_o when_o he_o see_v bruern_v call_v he_o courteous_o to_o he_o but_o he_o guard_v with_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n present_o defy_v the_o king_n resign_v up_o to_o he_o his_o homage_n fealty_n land_n and_o what_o ever_o he_o hold_v of_o he_o say_v that_o he_o will_v never_o hold_v any_o thing_n of_o he_o hereafter_o as_o of_o his_o lord_n and_o so_o without_o more_o word_n or_o great_a stay_n instant_o depart_v and_o take_v leave_n of_o his_o friend_n go_v speedy_o into_o denmark_n and_o complain_v to_o codrinus_n king_n thereof_o of_o the_o indignity_n do_v by_o king_n osbrith_n to_o he_o and_o his_o lady_n implore_v his_o aid_n and_o assistance_n speedy_o to_o revenge_v it_o he_o be_v extract_v out_o of_o his_o royal_a blood_n the_o king_n and_o dane_n hereupon_o be_v exceed_v glad_a that_o they_o have_v this_o induce_v cause_n to_o invade_v england_n present_o gather_v together_o a_o great_a atmy_n to_o revenge_v this_o injury_n do_v to_o bruern_n be_v of_o his_o blood_n appoint_v his_o two_o brother_n inguar_n and_o hubba_n most_o valiant_a soldier_n to_o be_v their_o general_n who_o provide_v ship_n and_o other_o necessary_n transport_v a_o innumerable_a army_n into_o england_n and_o land_v they_o in_o the_o northern_a part_n this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o the_o dane_n at_o this_o time_n invade_v england_n in_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o parent_n kindred_n and_o friend_n of_o bruern_n expel_v and_o reject_v king_n osbrith_n for_o this_o injury_n do_v to_o he_o 8._o and_o his_o lady_n refuse_v to_o hold_v their_o land_n of_o or_o to_o obey_v he_o any_o long_o as_o their_o sovereign_n and_o advance_v one_o ella_n to_o be_v king_n though_o none_o of_o the_o royal_a blood_n our_o other_o grafton_n historian_n who_o mention_v not_o this_o fact_n of_o osbrith_n and_o occasion_n of_o these_o dane_n arrival_n to_o revenge_v it_o write_z that_o the_o dane_n upon_o their_o land_n march_v to_o the_o city_n of_o york_n waste_v all_o the_o country_n before_o they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n unto_o tinmouth_n at_o that_o time_n they_o write_v by_o the_o devilsinstinct_n there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a discord_n raise_v between_o the_o northumberlander_n sicut_fw-la semper_fw-la populo_fw-la qui_fw-la odium_fw-la incurrerit_fw-la evenire_fw-la solet_fw-la for_o the_o northumberlander_n at_o that_o time_n have_v expel_v their_o lawful_a king_n osbrith_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n and_o advance_v one_o ella_n a_o tyrant_n not_o of_o the_o royal_a blood_n to_o the_o regal_a sovereignty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o division_n the_o dane_n take_v york_n run_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n fill_v all_o place_n with_o blood_n and_o grief_n waste_v and_o burn_v all_o the_o church_n and_o monastery_n far_o and_o near_o leave_v nothing_o stand_v but_o the_o wall_n and_o ruin_n of_o they_o pillage_n depopulate_v and_o lay_v waste_v the_o whole_a country_n in_o which_o great_a necessity_n and_o distress_n the_o northumberlander_n reconcile_n their_o two_o king_n osbrith_n and_o ella_n one_o to_o another_o gather_v a_o great_a army_n together_o against_o the_o dane_n which_o their_o two_o king_n and_o eight_o earl_n march_v with_o to_o york_n where_o after_o a_o long_a fight_n with_o various_a success_n both_o the_o say_a king_n with_o most_o of_o the_o northumberlander_n be_v all_o stain_n april_n 11._o anno_fw-la 867._o the_o city_n of_o york_n consumea_n with_o fire_n and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n make_v tributary_n to_o the_o dane_n 70._o simeon_n dunelmensis_n relate_v that_o both_o these_o king_n have_v violent_o &_o sacrilegious_o take_v away_o certain_a land_n from_o s._n cuthberts_n church_n in_o durham_n for_o osbrit_fw-mi 4._o have_v by_o a_o sacrilegious_a attempt_n take_v away_o wircewood_n and_o tillemouth_n and_o ella_n billingham_n heclif_n and_o wigeclif_n &_o creca_n from_o s._n cuthbert_n tandem_fw-la cum_fw-la maximâ_fw-la parte_fw-la suorum_fw-la ambo_fw-la praefati_fw-la reges_fw-la occubuerunt_fw-la &_o injurias_fw-la quas_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la sancti_fw-la cuthberti_fw-la aliquando_fw-la irrogaverant_fw-la vitâ_fw-la privati_fw-la &_o regno_fw-la persolverunt_fw-la which_o the_o author_n of_o the_o history_n of_o st._n cuthbert_n observe_v and_o record_n more_o large_o as_o a_o punishment_n of_o their_o sacrilegious_a rapine_n the_o dane_n hereupon_o make_v egbert_n king_n of_o northumberland_n as_o a_o tributary_n and_o viceroy_n under_o they_o sic_fw-la northumbria_n bellieo_fw-la jure_fw-la obtenta_fw-la barbaro_fw-la rum_o dominium_fw-la multo_fw-la post_fw-la tempore_fw-la pro_fw-la conscientiâ_fw-la libertatis_fw-la ingemuit_fw-la write_v malmesbury_n de_fw-fr gestis_fw-la regum_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 3._o p._n 42._o these_o rebellious_a northumberlander_n about_o 7_o year_n after_o uno_fw-la conspirantes_fw-la consilio_fw-la expel_v egbert_n the_o realm_n 8._o by_o unanimous_a consent_n together_o with_o archbishop_n wilfer_n make_v one_o richius_n king_n in_o his_o place_n the_o dane_n both_o then_o and_o long_o after_o possess_v and_o waste_v their_o country_n and_o slaughter_v they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n as_o the_o 57_o marginal_a historian_n record_v more_o than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o island_n by_o a_o just_a divine_a punishment_n for_o their_o manifold_a treason_n sedition_n faction_n rebellion_n against_o and_o murder_n of_o their_o sovereign_n in_o the_o year_n ethelred_n 868._o a_o great_a army_n of_o these_o victorious_a 868._o plunder_v dane_n march_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n to_o nottingham_n which_o they_o take_v and_o there_o winter_v whereupon_o beorred_a or_o brithred_a king_n of_o mercian_n omnesque_fw-la esusdem_fw-la gentis_fw-la optimates_fw-la and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o that_o nation_n assemble_v together_o where_o the_o king_n consilium_fw-la habuit_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la &_o comilitonibus_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la populo_fw-la nbi_fw-la subjecto_fw-la qualitèr_fw-la inimicos_fw-la bellicâ_fw-la virtute_fw-la exuperaret_fw-la sive_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la expelleret_fw-la hold_v a_o council_n with_o his_o earl_n and_o fellow_n soldier_n and_o all_o the_o people_n subject_n to_o he_o how_o he_o may_v vanquish_v these_o enemy_n with_o military_a 9_o power_n or_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o realm_n by_o who_o advice_n he_o send_v messenger_n to_o ethelred_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n and_o to_o his_o brother_n elfrid_n humble_o request_v they_o that_o they_o will_v assist_v and_o join_v with_o he_o against_o the_o danish_a army_n which_o they_o easy_o condescen_v to_o gather_v a_o very_a great_a army_n together_o out_o of_o all_o part_n and_o join_v all_o together_o with_o beorred_a and_o his_o force_n march_v to_o nottingham_n unanimous_o with_o a_o a_o resolution_n to_o give_v the_o dane_n battle_n who_o shelter_v themselves_o under_o the_o work_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o town_n refuse_v to_o fight_v with_o they_o whereupon_o they_o besiege_v they_o in_o the_o town_n but_o be_v unable_a to_o break_v the_o wall_n they_o conclude_v a_o peace_n at_o last_o with_o the_o dane_n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v relinquish_v the_o town_n and_o march_v back_o again_o into_o northumberland_n which_o they_o do_v where_o their_o army_n continue_v the_o whole_a year_n follow_v in_o &_o about_o york_n debacchans_n &_o insaniens_fw-la occidens_fw-la &_o perdens_fw-la perplurimos_fw-la viros_fw-la &_o mulieres_fw-la 864._o abbot_n ingulphus_n record_v that_o during_o the_o siege_n of_o nottingham_n king_n beor_v as_o he_o style_v he_o at_o the_o request_n of_o earl_n algar_n the_o young_a who_o be_v very_o gracious_a with_o he_o and_o the_o other_o king_n causâ_fw-la suae_fw-la nobilis_fw-la militiae_fw-la grant_v a_o charter_n of_o confirmation_n not_o only_o of_o all_o the_o land_n advowsons_n possession_n which_o this_o earl_n with_o 1._o other_o particular_a person_n and_o king_n have_v give_v to_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n but_o likewise_o of_o all_o their_o former_a privilege_n confirm_v all_o their_o land_n marsh_n churohe_n chapel_n manor_n mansion_n cottage_n wood_n land_n meadow_n therein_o specify_v to_o god_n and_o saint_n guthlaâ—_n for_o ever_o libera_n &_o soluta_fw-la &_o emancipata_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la onere_fw-la terreno_fw-la &_o servitio_fw-la seculari_fw-la in_o eleemofynam_n aeternam_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la possidendam_fw-la which_o charter_n have_v this_o memorable_a exordium_n express_v the_o motive_n induce_v this_o king_n to_o grant_v it_o beorredus_fw-la largiente_fw-la dei_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la rex_fw-la merciorum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la provinciis_fw-la &_o populis_fw-la earum_fw-la universam_fw-la merciam_fw-la inhabitantibus_fw-la &_o fidem_fw-la catholicam_fw-la
frequent_o accuse_v to_o he_o but_o especial_o for_o countenance_v and_o harbour_v the_o rebellious_a perjure_a northumberlander_n and_o the_o dane_n a_o heathen_a people_n who_o not_o only_o seek_v to_o destroy_v his_o native_a country_n but_o also_o to_o root_v out_o christian_a religion_n for_o which_o he_o deserve_v a_o thousand_o death_n and_o exciting_a they_o both_o against_o his_o sovereign_a king_n edred_n contrary_a to_o their_o oath_n and_o for_o kill_v the_o citizen_n of_o thetford_n in_o a_o tumultuous_a manner_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o death_n of_o abbot_n adelm_n who_o they_o have_v causeless_o murder_v norwithstand_v all_o which_o about_o a_o year_n after_o he_o be_v enlarge_v and_o restore_v to_o his_o bishopric_n malmesbury_n and_o abbot_n ethelred_n record_v of_o king_n edred_n that_o he_o make_v his_o palace_n altogether_o a_o school_n of_o virtue_n obey_v dunstan_n counsel_n in_o all_o thing_n et_fw-la justissimis_fw-la legibus_fw-la subditos_fw-la regens_fw-la and_o govern_v his_o subject_n by_o most_o just_a law_n i_o read_v only_o of_o one_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n hold_v under_o king_n edred_n and_o that_o be_v at_o 633._o london_n in_o the_o 948._o year_n 948._o in_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o virgin_n mary_fw-mi nativity_n cui_fw-la universi_fw-la magnates_fw-la regni_fw-la per_fw-la regium_fw-la edictum_fw-la summoniti_fw-la tà m_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la &_o episcopi_fw-la &_o abbate_n quam_fw-la caeteri_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la proceres_fw-la &_o optimates_fw-la londini_fw-la convenissent_fw-la ad_fw-la tractandum_fw-la de_fw-la negotiis_fw-la publicis_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la as_o ingulphus_n and_o other_o record_n in_o which_o parliamentary_a council_n when_o all_o the_o public_a affair_n be_v finish_v which_o as_o it_o seem_v concern_v the_o make_n and_o carry_v on_o of_o that_o war_n against_o the_o rebellious_a treacherous_a northumberlanders_n who_o break_v their_o faith_n with_o king_n edred_n and_o set_v up_o a_o king_n of_o the_o 9_o danish_a race_n as_o aforesaid_a the_o king_n in_o the_o presence_n and_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o they_o all_o restore_v grant_v and_o re-confirmed_n by_o his_o charter_n dictate_v by_o abbot_n turketulus_n hererofore_o his_o chancellor_n all_o the_o land_n and_o liberty_n former_o grant_v by_o king_n and_o other_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n with_o sundry_a manor_n then_o give_v to_o it_o by_o turketulus_n himself_o wherein_o among_o other_o liberty_n he_o grant_v to_o the_o monk_n quodsint_fw-la quieti_fw-la &_o soluti_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la scotto_n geldo_n auxiliis_fw-la vicecomitum_fw-la hydagio_fw-it &_o ab_fw-la secta_fw-la in_o schiris_n wapuntakis_n hundredis_fw-la thrichingis_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la curis_fw-la &_o saeculi_fw-la oneribus_fw-la universis_fw-la this_o 〈◊〉_d charter_n be_v subscribe_v and_o ratify_v with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n by_o all_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n aâ—d_a noble_n who_o give_v both_o their_o counsel_n and_o assent_n thereto_o as_o their_o subscriptiens_n testify_v that_o so_o it_o may_v be_v firm_a and_o perpetual_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o which_o charter_n this_o king_n to_o show_v that_o he_o hold_v his_o crown_n only_o from_o and_o under_o god_n thus_o style_v himself_o ego_fw-la edredus_fw-la rex_fw-la terrenus_fw-la sub_fw-la imperiali_fw-la potentia_fw-la regis_fw-la saeculorum_fw-la aeternâ—que_fw-la principis_fw-la magnae_fw-la britanniae_fw-la gerens_fw-la imperium_fw-la etc._n etc._n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 950_o 530._o nogui_n a_o welsh_a king_n be_v overmuch_o incense_v with_o one_o arcoit_n waste_v 955._o his_o land_n and_o with_o too_o much_o fury_n violate_v the_o sanctuary_n to_o which_o he_o flee_v whereupon_o pater_n bishop_n of_o landaffe_n assemble_v all_o the_o clerk_n of_o his_o diocese_n in_o a_o synod_n to_o punish_v this_o sacrilege_n and_o breach_n of_o sanctuary_n 10._o which_o the_o king_n hear_v of_o desire_a pardon_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o whole_a synod_n for_o these_o offence_n in_o the_o church_n of_o mainnon_n restore_v all_o the_o thing_n of_o the_o church_n he_o have_v take_v away_o with_o satisfaction_n and_o effusion_n of_o tear_n whereupon_o to_o obtain_v pardon_n and_o absolution_n for_o the_o penance_n they_o enjoin_v he_o he_o give_v the_o parish_n of_o guidcon_n with_o all_o the_o land_n liberty_n and_o commons_o appertain_v there_o unto_o to_o god_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o landaffe_n for_o ever_o to_o be_v hold_v in_o frankalmoighne_n some_o five_o year_n after_o anno_fw-la 955._o y_o a_o deacon_n slay_v one_o merduter_n and_o fly_v into_o a_o church_n for_o sanctuary_n there_o upon_o his_o kinsfolk_n and_o some_o of_o king_n nogui_n his_o family_n forcible_o enter_v into_o the_o church_n fly_v ili_n before_o the_o altar_n sprinkle_v his_o blood_n both_o upon_o the_o altar_n and_o wall_n of_o the_o church_n whereupon_o pater_n bishop_n of_o landaffe_n assemble_v a_o synod_n of_o all_o the_o priest_n deacon_n and_o ecclesiastical_a person_n within_o his_o diocese_n to_o excommunicate_v the_o delinquent_n which_o king_n nogui_n and_o his_o noble_n hear_v of_o fear_v the_o malediction_n of_o the_o church_n the_o weight_n whereof_o they_o dare_v not_o undergo_v send_v for_o the_o bishop_n and_o upon_o consultation_n by_o advice_n of_o the_o doctor_n of_o both_o side_n deliver_v up_o the_o murderer_n into_o the_o bishop_n hand_n who_o send_v they_o to_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n teliavi_n where_o they_o be_v keep_v 6_o month_n in_o iron_n chain_n after_o which_o they_o be_v excommunicate_v synodo_fw-la quoque_fw-la judicante_fw-la definitum_fw-la est_fw-la unusquisque_fw-la eorum_fw-la suum_fw-la agrum_fw-la suamque_fw-la totam_fw-la substantiam_fw-la insuper_fw-la &_o pretium_fw-la animae_fw-la suae_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la septem_fw-la libras_fw-la argenti_n redderet_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la quam_fw-la maculaverat_fw-la determinantibus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la divino_fw-la judicio_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o bishop_n rise_v up_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o they_o hold_v the_o gospel_n in_o his_o hand_n say_v to_o nogui_n lay_v thy_o hand_n upon_o this_o gospel_n whereupon_o nogui_n lay_v his_o hand_n upon_o it_o say_v sit_v haec_fw-la terra_fw-la cum_fw-la incolis_fw-la suis_fw-la in_fw-la sempiterna_fw-la consecratione_fw-la deo_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o patri_fw-la episcopo_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la episcopis_fw-la landaviae_n libera_n ab_fw-la omni_fw-la laicali_fw-la servitio_fw-la nisi_fw-la tantum_fw-la in_o oratione_fw-la quotidianâ_fw-la in_o perpetuo_fw-la it_o seem_v the_o petty_a welsh_a king_n and_o their_o courtier_n be_v all_o subject_n in_o those_o day_n to_o the_o censure_n and_o excommunication_n of_o their_o synod_n for_o their_o sacrilege_n and_o other_o unrighteous_a action_n infringe_v the_o church_n liberty_n that_o their_o synod_n have_v a_o judiciary_n power_n and_o that_o they_o can_v not_o convey_v land_n to_o the_o church_n but_o by_o the_o consent_n and_o judgement_n of_o their_o synod_n which_o attest_v and_o ratify_v the_o same_o as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o spelman_n who_o likewise_o inform_v we_o of_o another_o welsh_a synod_n hold_v at_o landaffe_n about_o the_o year_n 988._o wherein_n arithmail_n son_n of_o nogui_n king_n of_o guenti_fw-la slay_v his_o brother_n elise_v be_v for_o this_o execrable_a fratricide_n excommunicate_v by_o gucan_n bishop_n of_o landaffe_n and_o all_o the_o synod_n who_o thereupon_o submit_v to_o the_o penance_n therein_o enjoin_v he_o give_v certain_a land_n for_o ever_o in_o frankalmoighne_n to_o god_n and_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o landaffe_n to_o purchase_v his_o absolution_n 957._o king_n 6._o edred_n decease_a to_o the_o great_a grief_n of_o all_o his_o sub_n ect_n his_o nephew_n edwin_n former_o put_v by_o the_o crown_n for_o his_o nonage_n be_v thereupon_o though_o young_a crown_v king_n at_o kingston_n by_o archbishop_n odo_n an._n 955._o but_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n 957._o the_o mercian_n and_o northumberians_n whole_o cast_v off_o their_o obedience_n to_o he_o and_o conspire_v altogether_o by_o unanimous_a consent_n reject_v he_o from_o be_v their_o king_n elect_v his_o brother_n edgar_n for_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n deo_fw-la dictante_fw-la &_o annuente_fw-la populo_fw-la whereupon_o the_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v between_o they_o by_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n what_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o this_o deposition_n and_o rejection_n of_o edwin_n be_v very_o doubtful_a william_n of_o malmesbury_n hovedeu_n matthew_n westminster_n dunelmensis_n bromton_n henry_n de_fw-fr knighton_n abbot_n ethelred_n hygden_n florence_n of_o worcester_n and_o most_o of_o our_o old_a historian_n be_v monk_n and_o overmuch_o devote_v to_o their_o arch-patron_n dunstan_n record_n that_o the_o true_a cause_n thereof_o be_v first_o his_o ill_a lascivious_a life_n and_o incontinency_n with_o alfgiva_n his_o concubine_n as_o they_o write_v and_o near_o kinswoman_n from_o who_o archbishop_n odo_n divorce_v he_o and_o likewise_o with_o sundry_a other_o concubine_n which_o he_o entertain_v in_o his_o court_n who_o odo_n excommunicate_v and_o banish_v thence_o 2._o his_o indiscreet_a and_o tyrannical_a gvernment_n contrary_a to_o his_o law_n 1._o in_o slight_v 4._o depress_v and_o
your_o enemy_n do_v good_a to_o those_o that_o hate_v you_o etc._n etc._n wherefore_o if_o thy_o enemy_n hunger_n give_v he_o meat_n if_o he_o thirst_v give_v he_o drink_v etc._n etc._n be_v not_o overcome_v of_o evil_a but_o overcome_v evil_a with_o goodness_n 5._o that_o base_a carnal_a fear_n and_o cowardice_n oft_o cause_v both_o prelate_n noble_n and_o people_n to_o desert_n their_o own_o best_a interest_n and_o lawful_a prince_n and_o to_o act_v vote_n and_o submit_v to_o mere_a unrighteous_a usurper_n against_o their_o primitive_a resolution_n judgement_n conscience_n as_o here_o in_o the_o case_n of_o edgar_n and_o rich._n 3._o since_o 6._o that_o general_n pusf_v up_o with_o victorious_a success_n and_o have_v the_o command_n of_o the_o land_n and_o sea_n force_v in_o their_o power_n be_v apt_a to_o aspire_v after_o the_o royal_a crown_n and_o sovereignty_n and_o forcible_o to_o usurp_v it_o upon_o the_o next_o occasion_n even_o with_o the_o disinherit_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n and_o hazard_v of_o the_o whole_a realm_n of_o which_o harold_n be_v a_o most_o pregnant_a example_n 7._o that_o ambitious_a aspirer_n after_o the_o royal_a crown_n and_o throne_n will_v make_v no_o conscience_n to_o violate_v all_o sacred_a and_o civil_a oath_n obligation_n contract_n and_o find_v out_o any_o evasion_n to_o elude_v they_o rather_o than_o go_v without_o they_o or_o part_n with_o they_o when_o injurious_o usurp_v by_o they_o and_o will_v adventure_v to_o crown_v themselves_o with_o their_o own_o hand_n than_o not_o wear_v the_o diadem_n witness_n harold_n 8._o that_o usurper_n of_o crown_n without_o right_n though_o they_o court_v the_o people_n with_o coronation_n oath_n and_o fair_a promise_n of_o good_a law_n liberty_n immunity_n from_o all_o tax_n and_o grievance_n yet_o usual_o prove_v the_o great_a tyrant_n and_o oppressor_n to_o they_o of_o all_o other_o as_o harold_n and_o william_n in_o some_o sort_n do_v 9_o that_o invader_n of_o crown_n and_o sovereign_a power_n without_o any_o right_n title_n or_o colour_n of_o justice_n be_v once_o in_o possession_n will_v never_o part_v with_o they_o to_o those_o who_o have_v better_a right_n upon_o any_o verbal_a treaty_n but_o rather_o adventure_v their_o life_n body_n soul_n and_o their_o whole_a kingdom_n utter_a ruin_n than_o part_n with_o their_o usurp_a supremacy_n 10._o that_o the_o most_o unrighteous_a usurper_n of_o the_o royal_a throne_n by_o apparent_a perjury_n fraud_n force_n treachery_n will_v feign_v forge_n publish_v some_o specious_a pretext_n or_o other_o of_o title_n or_o popular_a election_n to_o palliate_v or_o extenuate_v their_o intrusion_n to_o avoid_v the_o infamy_n of_o tyrant_n and_o usurper_n and_o take_v off_o the_o odium_n of_o their_o most_o unrighteous_a intrusion_n of_o which_o we_o see_v footstep_n both_o in_o harold_n william_n then_o and_o rich._n 3_o of_o late_a 11._o that_o unjust_a invader_n of_o crown_n for_o the_o most_o part_n bring_v many_o misery_n trouble_n war_n and_o ruin_n not_o only_o on_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n but_o likewise_o on_o their_o kingdom_n and_o people_n as_o harold_n do_v 12._o that_o royal_a usurper_n when_o they_o be_v most_o successful_a insolent_a and_o secure_a as_o harold_n after_o his_o victory_n in_o the_o north_n be_v near_a great_a danger_n and_o ruin_n 13._o that_o such_o usurper_n be_v common_o very_o vigilant_a and_o industrious_a to_o preserve_v their_o own_o interest_n and_o power_n under_o pretext_n of_o the_o common_a defence_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o nation_n yet_o more_o rely_v on_o their_o mercenary_a force_n than_o the_o unmercinary_a militia_n of_o the_o nation_n 14._o that_o usurper_n though_o they_o may_v have_v many_o flatterer_n and_o seem_a friend_n to_o write_v and_o act_n for_o they_o while_o in_o prosperity_n yet_o be_v common_o general_o desert_v both_o by_o noble_n people_z yea_o their_o own_o endear_a friend_n and_o kindred_n in_o their_o great_a danger_n when_o they_o need_v they_o most_o as_o harold_n be_v 15._o that_o few_o english_a noble_n gentry_n or_o commons_o will_v ready_o adventure_v their_o life_n in_o a_o usurper_n quarrel_n when_o and_o where_o his_o title_n stand_v in_o competition_n with_o a_o better_a and_o clear_a right_n as_o most_o of_o they_o desert_a harold_n 16._o that_o the_o reign_n of_o perjure_a invader_n of_o other_o throne_n be_v common_o 36._o very_o short_a full_a of_o war_n trouble_n fear_n jealousy_n and_o their_o end_n for_o the_o most_o part_n bloody_a tragical_a as_o be_v herald_n and_o rich._n 3._o 17._o that_o the_o sordid_a covetousness_n of_o king_n and_o general_n in_o oppress_v their_o people_n and_o deprive_v their_o subject_n and_o soldier_n of_o their_o just_a and_o lawful_a spoil_n after_o victory_n over_o the_o enemy_n be_v a_o ready_a mean_n to_o alienate_v their_o affection_n and_o cause_v a_o defection_n from_o they_o to_o their_o opposite_n 18._o that_o when_o god_n have_v design_v a_o perjure_a usurper_n or_o nation_n ruin_v for_o their_o cry_a sin_n he_o sudden_o stir_v up_o unexpected_a enemy_n and_o instrument_n to_o effect_n occasion_n to_o facilitate_v it_o and_o so_o infatuate_v they_o that_o they_o become_v altogether_o uncapable_a of_o any_o good_a advice_n and_o reject_v all_o proposition_n and_o accommodation_n that_o may_v prevent_v the_o same_o as_o harold_n obstinate_o do_v 19_o that_o none_o be_v more_o forward_o public_o to_o appeal_v to_o god_n himself_o for_o to_o judge_v and_o decide_v the_o justice_n of_o their_o cause_n and_o proceed_n than_o the_o most_o perjurious_a and_o unrighteous_a usurper_n that_o when_o such_o presumptuous_o and_o atheistical_o dare_v open_o appeal_v to_o god_n himself_o for_o justice_n against_o their_o opposite_n or_o competitor_n he_o usual_o cut_v they_o off_o by_o exemplary_a death_n and_o fatal_a overthrow_v as_o he_o do_v harold_n both_o to_o manifest_v his_o severe_a justice_n and_o indignation_n against_o such_o atheistical_a and_o hypocritical_a apellant_n and_o appeal_n and_o to_o deter_v all_o other_o from_o such_o practice_n 20._o that_o all_o sacred_a oath_n and_o swear_a contract_n solemn_o make_v to_o other_o in_o thing_n lawful_a or_o indifferent_a be_v it_o through_o fear_n or_o voluntary_o upon_o premeditation_n ought_v religious_o and_o inviolable_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o nâ—â—_n wilful_o infringe_v or_o elude_v by_o shift_n and_o pretence_n as_o here_o by_o harold_n 21._o that_o god_n soon_o or_o late_a do_v usual_o avenge_v in_o a_o exemplary_a manner_n the_o perjurious_a wilful_a breach_n of_o solemn_a oath_n even_o in_o king_n themselves_o and_o the_o great_a person_n who_o detestable_a perjury_n oft_o bring_v sudden_a destruction_n both_o upon_o themselves_o their_o kindred_n posterity_n and_o whole_a army_n and_o kingdom_n too_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o harold_n 22_o that_o perjure_a person_n fight_v in_o a_o cause_n direct_o against_o their_o corporal_a oath_n can_v expect_v no_o other_o success_n in_o battle_n but_o either_o flight_n or_o death_n and_o that_o one_o battle_n may_v both_o lose_v and_o win_v a_o whole_a kingdom_n so_o unstable_a be_v even_o kingdom_n themselves_o 23._o that_o the_o barbarous_a murder_n the_o cruel_a oppression_n of_o innocent_a people_n be_v apt_a to_o stir_v up_o a_o universal_a insurrection_n against_o their_o governor_n and_o instrument_n and_o usual_o end_v in_o the_o dethron_n expulsion_n death_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o author_n of_o they_o of_o which_o tosti_n yield_v we_o a_o notable_a precedent_n and_o that_o people_n when_o once_o just_o enrage_v against_o such_o bloody_a tyrannical_a oppressor_n become_v altogether_o implacable_a and_o will_v never_o brook_v their_o future_a government_n over_o they_o 24._o that_o base_a carnal_a fear_n in_o time_n of_o imminent_a danger_n usual_o disjoint_n those_o person_n counsel_n force_n who_o the_o common_a danger_n shall_v more_o unite_v and_o make_v they_o desert_n the_o probabl_a mean_n of_o their_o public_a preservation_n liberty_n peace_n settlement_n by_o set_v up_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o edgar_n here_o against_o the_o intrusion_n and_o pretence_n of_o all_o usurp_a invader_n of_o the_o sovereign_a power_n 25._o that_o a_o few_o timorous_a counsellor_n great_a person_n or_o clergyman_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n be_v apt_a to_o disappoint_v the_o magnanimous_a resolution_n and_o daunt_v the_o heroical_a spirit_n of_o such_o who_o be_v most_o cordial_o affect_v both_o to_o their_o native_a country_n law_n liberty_n and_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o to_o draw_v they_o to_o unworthy_a compliance_n with_o they_o against_o both_o 26._o that_o stout_a resolute_a real_a patron_n of_o their_o native_a country_n law_n and_o liberty_n will_v then_o appear_v most_o cordial_o zealous_a to_o protect_v own_o and_o fight_v for_o they_o when_o they_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n to_o be_v lose_v and_o most_o disowned_a desert_a betray_v by_o other_o timorous_a and_o time-serving_a person_n witness_v the_o
destroy_v the_o altar_n &_o temple_n of_o the_o idol_n with_o the_o rail_n &_o and_o bound_n wherewith_o they_o be_v enclose_v he_o answer_v i_o who_o have_v worship_v they_o through_o foolishness_n and_o present_o renounce_v his_o superstition_n he_o demand_v arm_n and_o a_o horse_n of_o the_o king_n 156._o which_o by_o their_o old_a law_n priest_n may_v not_o use_v which_o be_v grant_v he_o he_o mount_v the_o horse_n with_o a_o sword_n and_o lance_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o ride_v to_o the_o idol_n thus_o arm_v the_o people_n deem_v he_o to_o be_v mad_a profane_v the_o temple_n and_o command_v his_o companion_n to_o destroy_v and_o burn_v it_o with_o the_o idol_n and_o all_o the_o hedge_n about_o it_o which_o they_o do_v whereupon_o the_o king_n with_o his_o noble_n and_o very_o many_o of_o the_o people_n embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n and_o be_v baptize_v by_o paulinus_n in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n peter_n at_o york_n which_o the_o king_n there_o speedy_o command_v to_o be_v build_v of_o wood_n and_o afterward_o enlarge_v ordain_v paulinus_n bishop_n of_o that_o place_n who_o convert_v baptize_v he_o and_o his_o people_n as_o beda_n and_o other_o more_o large_o record_v the_o history_n from_o which_o memorable_a precedent_n we_o may_v observe_v these_o particular_n 1._o that_o the_o king_n himself_o can_v not_o then_o alter_v the_o establish_a law_n or_o receive_a religion_n of_o this_o realm_n though_o false_a nor_o introduce_v new_a law_n or_o set_v up_o the_o true_a religion_n without_o the_o concurrent_a assent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o wiseman_n in_o a_o general_a parliamentary_a council_n 2._o that_o the_o prince_n chief_a priest_n nobles_z and_o aelderman_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v the_o parliament_n member_n in_o that_o age._n 3._o that_o every_o one_o of_o they_o in_o these_o council_n have_v freedom_n of_o vote_n and_o debate_n and_o give_v their_o voice_n several_o for_o the_o bring_n in_o of_o christianity_n and_o destruction_n of_o idolatry_n 157._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n give_v this_o character_n of_o this_o king_n government_n after_o he_o become_v a_o christian_n and_o of_o the_o vicissitude_n of_o humane_a affair_n worthy_a our_o present_a observation_n he_o be_v sudden_o slay_v in_o battle_n together_o with_o his_o son_n after_o all_o his_o former_a conquest_n and_o felicity_n nullus_fw-la tunc_fw-la praedo_fw-la publicus_n nullus_fw-la latro_fw-la domesticus_fw-la insidiator_n conjugalis_fw-la pudoris_fw-la procul_fw-la expilator_fw-la alienae_n haereditatis_fw-la exul_fw-la magnum_fw-la id_fw-la in_o ejus_fw-la laudibus_fw-la 4._o &_o nostrâ_fw-la aetate_fw-la splendidum_fw-la itaque_fw-la imperii_fw-la svi_fw-la ad_fw-la eos_fw-la limit_n incrementa_fw-la perducta_fw-la sunt_fw-la ut_fw-la justitia_fw-la &_o pax_fw-la libentèr_n in_o mutuos_fw-la amplexus_fw-la concurrerent_fw-la osculorum_fw-la gratiam_fw-la grata_fw-la vicissitudine_fw-la libantes_fw-la &_o faeliciter_fw-la tunc_fw-la anglorum_fw-la respublica_fw-la procedere_fw-la potuisset_fw-la nisi_fw-la mors_fw-la immatura_fw-la temporalis_fw-la beatitudinis_fw-la noverca_fw-la turpi_fw-la fortunae_fw-la ludo_fw-la virum_fw-la abstulisâ—et_fw-la patriae_fw-la aetatis_fw-la enim_fw-la 48._o regni_fw-la 17._o rebellantibus_fw-la regulis_fw-la quos_fw-la sub_fw-la jugum_fw-la miferat_fw-la ceadwalla_n britonum_fw-la &_o penda_fw-la merciorum_fw-la cum_fw-la filio_fw-la interemptus_fw-la miserabile_fw-la varietatis_fw-la humanae_fw-la fuit_fw-la exemplum_fw-la nulli_fw-la prudentiâ_fw-la inferior_a qui_fw-la nè_fw-la christianam_fw-la fidem_fw-la nisi_fw-la diligentissimè_fw-la inspectat_fw-la â_fw-la ratione_fw-la voluit_fw-la suscipere_fw-la susceptaeque_fw-la nihil_fw-la existimare_fw-la comparabile_fw-la anno_fw-la 673_o 6._o theodor_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 673._o hold_v a_o great_a council_n at_o hertford_n presentibus_fw-la episcopis_fw-la angliae_fw-la ac_fw-la regibus_fw-la &_o magnatibus_fw-la universis_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o england_n and_o king_n to_o wit_n king_n lotharius_n and_o easwine_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n be_v present_a at_o it_o in_o this_o council_n they_o make_v ten_o canon_n or_o law_n which_o they_o all_o subscribe_v and_o ratify_v with_o their_o hand_n the_o seven_o whereof_o be_v that_o a_o synod_n or_o parliamentary_a assembly_n shall_v be_v assemble_v twice_o or_o because_o divers_a cause_n hinder_v placuit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la in_o commune_v they_o all_o agree_v in_o common_a that_o in_o the_o calends_o of_o august_n in_o a_o place_n call_v cloveshoon_n a_o synod_n shall_v be_v congregat_v at_o least_o once_o every_o year_n the_o rest_n of_o they_o you_o may_v peruse_v in_o the_o marginal_a author_n at_o leisure_n be_v mere_o ecclesiastical_a and_o not_o so_o pertinent_a to_o my_o discourse_n 2207._o ceadwalla_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n in_o the_o year_n 680._o of_o our_o lord_n 680._o grant_v to_o bishop_n wilfrid_n certain_a land_n with_o their_o appurtenance_n call_v pagaliam_fw-la cum_fw-la consensu_fw-la &_o devotâ_fw-la confirmatione_fw-la omnium_fw-la optimatum_fw-la meorum_fw-la with_o the_o consent_n and_o devout_a confirmation_n of_o all_o his_o noble_n assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n 10._o the_o grant_n of_o his_o crown_n land_n to_o he_o be_v not_o valid_a to_o bind_v his_o successor_n without_o his_o noble_n concurrent_a confirmation_n 269._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n write_v of_o he_o that_o though_o before_o his_o conversion_n unto_o christianity_n he_o addict_v himself_o to_o war_n and_o to_o plunder_v and_o spoil_v his_o neighbour_a king_n yet_o he_o conscientious_o dedicate_v the_o ten_o of_o all_o his_o spoil_n to_o god_n inter_fw-la haec_fw-la arduum_fw-la memoratâ—_fw-la est_fw-la quantum_fw-la etiam_fw-la ante_fw-la baptismum_fw-la inservierit_fw-la pietati_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la manubias_fw-la quas_fw-la jure_fw-la praedatorio_n in_o suos_fw-la usus_fw-la transcripserat_fw-la deo_fw-la decimaret_fw-la in_o quo_fw-la etsi_fw-la approbamus_fw-la affectum_fw-la improbamus_fw-la exemplum_fw-la juxta_fw-la illud_fw-la qui_fw-la offer_v sacrificium_fw-la de_fw-la substantia_fw-la pauperis_fw-la quasi_fw-la qui_fw-la immolat_a silium_fw-la in_o conspectu_fw-la patris_fw-la if_o all_o the_o plunder_v war_a saint_n of_o this_o age_n will_v imitate_v his_o example_n in_o give_v the_o ten_o of_o all_o their_o spoil_n and_o plunder_n to_o god_n &_o his_o minister_n instead_o of_o spoil_v they_o of_o their_o tithe_n and_o ancient_a church-revenue_n man_n will_v deem_v they_o as_o good_a saint_n as_o this_o plunder_v conquer_a saxon_n king_n of_o who_o it_o be_v likewise_o story_a that_o 227._o before_o he_o turn_v christian_a intend_v to_o invade_v the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o unite_v it_o to_o his_o kingdom_n he_o vow_v to_o give_v the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o prey_n to_o christ_n if_o he_o shall_v vanquish_v it_o whereupon_o he_o conquer_a the_o isle_n slay_v the_o native_n in_o it_o be_v pagan_n with_o a_o tragical_a slaughter_n and_o in_o performance_n of_o his_o vow_n give_v to_o bishop_n wilfrid_n and_o his_o clerk_n for_o their_o maintenance_n and_o encouragement_n the_o possession_n of_o 300_o i-hides_a of_o land_n be_v the_o four_o part_n thereof_o when_o our_o new_a conqueror_n shall_v be_v so_o bountiful_a in_o bestow_v the_o four_o or_o but_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o all_o the_o pretend_a conquer_a land_n they_o have_v get_v on_o christ_n church_n and_o minister_n instead_o of_o invade_v and_o purchase_v the_o church_n ancient_a land_n glebe_n tithe_n and_o inheritance_n they_o may_v demerit_n the_o name_n and_o praise_n of_o saint_n as_o well_o as_o ceadwalla_n who_o before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n as_o he_o be_v unjust_o banish_v from_o his_o country_n through_o the_o envy_n of_o other_o only_o for_o his_o virtue_n and_o worthiness_n which_o first_o cause_v he_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o invade_v the_o south-saxons_a two_o of_o who_o king_n he_o slay_v successive_o in_o the_o field_n after_o which_o he_o twice_o invade_v and_o afflict_a kent_n with_o grievous_a war_n take_v advantage_n of_o their_o civil_a discord_n wherein_o he_o shed_v abundance_n of_o christian_a blood_n so_o when_o he_o have_v reign_v but_o two_o year_n space_n after_o all_o his_o victory_n out_o of_o mere_a devotion_n he_o voluntary_o leave_v his_o crown_n kingdom_n conquest_n and_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o rome_n where_o he_o be_v baptize_v to_o bewail_v and_o expiate_v the_o guilt_n of_o all_o his_o former_a war_n bloodshed_n plunder_n rapine_n perplex_v his_o conscience_n and_o there_o die_v the_o first_o charter_n and_o grant_v i_o find_v extant_a of_o any_o land_n give_v to_o the_o church_n after_o those_o of_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o 616._o kent_n forecited_a be_v that_o of_o 10._o king_n eadbaldus_n his_o son_n and_o successor_n anno_fw-la dom._n 616_o who_o be_v by_o god_n mercy_n through_o the_o admonition_n of_o archbishop_n laurence_n convert_v from_o the_o pravity_n of_o his_o life_n for_o the_o salvation_n of_o his_o soul_n and_o hope_v of_o a_o future_a reward_n give_v to_o christ-church_n in_o canterbury_n and_o to_o the_o family_n serve_v god_n in_o that_o church_n his_o land_n call_v edesham_n with_o the_o field_n wood_n pasture_n and_o all_o thing_n thereunto_o of_o right_o appertain_v free_a from_o all_o secular_a
anno_fw-la dom._n 700._o this_o king_n wither_a unâ_fw-la 700._o cum_fw-la consensu_fw-la principum_fw-la meorum_fw-la together_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o bishop_n who_o subscribe_v their_o name_n to_o his_o charter_n grant_v to_o the_o church_n of_o god_n in_o kenâ—…_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v perpetual_o free_v ab_fw-la omni_fw-la exactione_n publica_fw-la tributi_fw-la atque_fw-la dispendio_fw-la vel_fw-la laestone_n à _fw-la praesenti_fw-la aye_o &_o tempore_fw-la etc._n etc._n from_o all_o public_a exaction_n of_o tribute_n and_o from_o all_o damage_n and_o harm_n render_v to_o he_o &_o his_o posterity_n such_o honour_n and_o obedience_n as_o they_o have_v yield_v 10._o to_o the_o king_n his_o antecessor_n under_o who_o justice_n and_o liberty_n be_v keep_v towards_o they_o 706._o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 678._o 7_o wilfrid_n archbishop_n of_o york_n be_v in_o a_o council_n unjust_o deprive_v of_o his_o bishopric_n by_o theodor_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n who_o envy_v the_o greatness_n of_o his_o wealth_n power_n and_o diocese_n which_o he_o will_v and_o do_v against_o wilfrids_n will_n in_o that_o council_n divide_v into_o 〈…〉_z more_o bishopric_n be_v after_o that_o time_n exile_v the_o realm_n through_o the_o malice_n of_o egfrid_n king_n of_o nortbumberland_n and_o emburga_n his_o queen_n who_o he_o will_v have_v persuade_v to_o become_v a_o nun_n and_o desert_n her_o husband_n as_o some_o author_n write_v and_o other_o deny_v in_o his_o favour_n without_o any_o just_a and_o lawful_a cause_n and_o after_o that_o about_o the_o year_n 692._o be_v again_o deprive_v of_o his_o bishopric_n and_o right_n by_o the_o judgement_n and_o sentence_n of_o another_o council_n hold_v under_o aldrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n and_o bertuald_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n he_o thereupon_o make_v two_o successive_a appeal_n to_o rome_n against_o their_o two_o unjust_a sentence_n as_o he_o conceive_v they_o the_o first_o to_o pope_n agatho_n and_o a_o council_n of_o 150_o bishop_n hold_v under_o he_o who_o decree_v he_o shall_v be_v restore_v to_o his_o bishopric_n and_o make_v such_o bishop_n under_o he_o by_o advice_n of_o a_o council_n to_o be_v heldâ—_n by_o he_o as_o he_o shall_v deem_v meet_a with_o which_o decree_n against_o his_o first_o sentence_n he_o return_v from_o rome_n to_o king_n egfrid_n to_o who_o he_o deliver_v it_o seal_v with_o the_o pope_n seal_n the_o king_n upon_o sight_n and_o read_v thereof_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o some_o of_o his_o bishop_n tantùm_fw-la à _fw-la reverentiâ_fw-la romanae_fw-la sedis_fw-la absuit_fw-la be_v so_o far_o from_o obey_v this_o decree_n of_o the_o roman_a see_v that_o he_o spoil_v wilfrid_n of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o possession_n and_o commit_v he_o prisoner_n to_o a_o barbarous_a and_o cruel_a governor_n who_o thrust_v he_o into_o a_o dark_a dungeon_n for_o many_o day_n and_o after_o that_o commit_v he_o to_o another_o more_o cruel_a gaoler_n than_o he_o call_v tumber_n who_o endeavour_v to_o put_v he_o into_o fetter_n by_o the_o king_n command_n which_o he_o can_v no_o way_n fasten_v upon_o his_o leg_n but_o they_o present_o fall_v off_o again_o through_o a_o miracle_n whereupon_o wickedness_n give_v â—…lace_n to_o religion_n he_o be_v loose_v from_o his_o bond_n detainâ—ed_v in_o free_a custody_n and_o afterward_o release_v but_o not_o restore_v after_o which_o about_o the_o year_n 693_o he_o appeal_v again_o to_o pope_n john_n against_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o second_o council_n which_o refuse_v to_o re-admit_a he_o to_o his_o archbishopric_n unless_o he_o will_v submit_v to_o the_o decree_n of_o archbishop_n theodore_n and_o brithwald_n his_o successor_n which_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v unless_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v consonant_n to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o holy_a canon_n which_o he_o conceive_v they_o not_o to_o be_v because_o they_o will_v order_v he_o to_o condemn_v himself_o without_o any_o crime_n object_v to_o he_o upon_o which_o appeal_n this_o pope_n with_o his_o bishop_n pronounce_v wilfrid_n free_a from_o all_o crime_n and_o order_v he_o to_o return_v to_o his_o archbishopric_n write_v letter_n to_o ethelred_n king_n of_o mercian_n and_o alfrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n to_o restore_v he_o thereunto_o alfrid_n receive_v the_o pope_n letter_n by_o wilfrids_n messenger_n altogether_o refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o pope_n command_n in_o this_o case_n 7._o say_v quod_fw-la esset_fw-la contra_fw-la rationem_fw-la homini_fw-la jam_fw-la bis_fw-la à _fw-la toto_fw-la anglorum_fw-la concilio_n damnato_fw-la propter_fw-la quaelibet_fw-la apostolica_fw-la scripta_fw-la communicare_fw-la that_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n to_o communicate_v with_o a_o man_n already_o twice_o condemn_v by_o the_o whole_a council_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n for_o any_o write_n of_o the_o pope_n so_o little_o be_v the_o pope_n authority_n and_o decree_n then_o regard_v in_o england_n contradict_v the_o king_n and_o english_a council_n proceed_n neither_o will_v he_o restore_v he_o all_o his_o life_n after_o his_o death_n edulfe_n usurp_v the_o crown_n by_o tyranny_n wilfrid_n repair_v to_o he_o to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o archbishopric_n upon_o this_o account_n of_o the_o pope_n letter_n whereupon_o he_o be_v so_o enrage_v with_o he_o for_o it_o though_o former_o his_o great_a friend_n that_o he_o present_o command_v he_o to_o depart_v the_o realm_n forthwith_o unless_o he_o will_v be_v spâ—led_v of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o cast_v out_o of_o it_o with_o disgrace_n but_o this_o usuper_fw-la be_v deprive_v both_o of_o his_o realm_n crown_n and_o life_n in_o little_a more_o than_o 3_o month_n space_n and_o osred_a son_n of_o king_n alfrid_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o noble_n as_o right_a heir_n thereunto_o at_o last_o wilfrid_n be_v reinvest_v in_o his_o bishopric_n by_o the_o decree_n of_o a_o council_n hold_v under_o 705._o he_o in_o northumberland_n at_o a_o place_n call_v nidden_v anno_fw-la 705._o not_o so_o much_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o pope_n command_n as_o king_n alfrid_n attest_v by_o elfleda_n his_o sister_n than_o abbess_n of_o streneshash_n witness_v these_o word_n of_o berfride_n ego_fw-la jussionibus_fw-la papae_fw-la obediendum_fw-la censeo_fw-la praeserâ—im_fw-la cum_fw-la eorum_fw-la robori_fw-la accedat_fw-la regis_fw-la nostri_fw-la jussio_fw-la &_o nostrae_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la sponsio_fw-la etc._n etc._n pver_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la levatus_fw-la host_n be_v abactus_fw-la tyrannus_n extinctus_fw-la est_fw-la igitur_fw-la regiae_n voluntatis_fw-la ut_fw-la episcopus_fw-la wilfridus_n revestiatur_fw-la upon_o which_o he_o be_v according_o restore_v whereupon_o all_o the_o bishop_n embrace_v he_o and_o reconcile_v themselves_o to_o he_o this_o bishop_n wilfrid_n procure_v to_o the_o church_n of_o hagustald_v which_o he_o found_v and_o be_v bishop_n thereof_o many_o privilege_n and_o that_o for_o one_o mile_n circuit_n round_o about_o none_o shall_v be_v arrest_v go_v or_o come_v but_o 10._o enjoy_v inviolable_a peace_n quod_fw-la institutum_fw-la authoritate_fw-la &_o privilegiis_fw-la romanae_fw-la sedis_fw-la apostolicorum_fw-la &_o archiepiscoporum_fw-la &_o episcoporum_fw-la &_o regum_fw-la &_o principum_fw-la tam_fw-la scotiae_fw-la quam_fw-la angliae_fw-la confirmatum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la 292._o temerarius_fw-la infringere_fw-la audebit_fw-la &_o magnae_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la damno_fw-la obnoxius_fw-la erit_fw-la &_o perpetuo_fw-la anathematis_fw-la gladio_fw-la ab_fw-la ecclesiâ_fw-la seperabitur_fw-la as_o richard_n prior_n of_o hagustald_v record_n 712._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 708_o 217._o egwin_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n procure_v king_n kenred_n and_o offa_n by_o their_o charter_n to_o grant_v and_o confirm_v many_o land_n and_o privilege_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o evesham_n which_o pope_n constantine_n likewise_o ratify_v by_o his_o subscription_n at_o rome_n as_o well_o as_o these_o king_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o many_o archbishop_n bishop_n prince_n and_o noble_n of_o divers_a province_n who_o commend_v and_o approve_v their_o charter_n and_o liberality_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o pope_n constantine_n write_v a_o letter_n to_o brithwald_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o summon_v concilium_fw-la 10._o totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la a_o council_n of_o all_o england_n to_o wit_n of_o the_o king_n bishop_n religious_a person_n of_o holy_a order_n optimatesque_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la proceribus_fw-la suis_fw-la with_o the_o noble_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n who_o be_v all_o assemble_v together_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o archbishop_n shall_v in_o their_o presence_n read_v the_o charter_n of_o these_o king_n and_o the_o pope_n confirmation_n of_o they_o that_o they_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o favour_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o people_n and_o consecrate_v with_o their_o benediction_n whereupon_o king_n kenred_n and_o offa_n after_o their_o return_n from_o rome_n assemble_v a_o general_n council_n in_o a_o place_n call_v alne_n where_o both_o the_o archbishop_n brithwald_n and_o wilfrid_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n nobles_z and_o these_o two_o king_n be_v
difference_n which_o he_o have_v raise_v between_o the_o pope_n and_o archbishop_n by_o his_o messenger_n and_o shall_v restore_v to_o the_o say_a father_n all_o the_o power_n and_o dignity_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o say_v primate_fw-la see_v according_a to_o the_o authority_n which_o his_o predecessor_n most_o ample_o enjoy_v in_o former_a time_n but_o if_o the_o king_n can_v not_o do_v this_o that_o he_o shall_v then_o restore_v the_o money_n and_o land_n which_o he_o exact_v of_o the_o arohbishop_n to_o he_o again_o upon_o this_o condition_n therefore_o the_o say_v reverend_a father_n give_v his_o assent_n but_o nothing_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a condition_n be_v perform_v for_o three_o whole_a year_n after_o the_o say_a agreement_n he_o remain_v deprive_v of_o the_o power_n which_o his_o predecessor_n and_o himself_o have_v before_o that_o difference_n over_o suthmenstre_n as_o well_o in_o pasture_n money_n vestment_n as_o obedience_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o metrapolitical_a see_n but_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n kenulf_n when_o beornulf_n reign_v the_o say_a archbishop_n wulfred_n invite_v abbess_n kenedrytha_n heir_n and_o daughter_n of_o king_n kenulf_n to_o the_o foresay_a council_n whither_o when_o she_o come_v the_o archbishop_n complain_v in_o the_o audience_n of_o all_o the_o council_n of_o the_o injury_n and_o trouble_n offer_v and_o do_v to_o he_o and_o to_o christ_n church_n by_o her_o father_n and_o require_v reparation_n from_o she_o if_o it_o be_v just_o then_o all_o the_o council_n find_v it_o to_o be_v justice_n et_fw-la hoc_fw-la unanimi_fw-la consensu_fw-la decrevit_fw-la and_o decree_v it_o by_o a_o unanimous_a consent_n nota._n that_o all_o those_o thing_n which_o her_o father_n have_v take_v away_o from_o the_o archbishop_n she_o ought_v just_o to_o restore_v unto_o he_o and_o to_o give_v he_o so_o much_o again_o for_o reparation_n and_o moreover_o shall_v restore_v all_o the_o use_n or_o profit_n the_o foresay_a father_n have_v lose_v in_o so_o long_a a_o space_n which_o she_o humble_o promise_v to_o do_v it_o seem_v good_a therefore_o to_o king_n beornulf_n with_o his_o wiseman_n for_o friendship_n sake_n most_o diligent_o to_o make_v a_o reconciliation_n and_o amends_o for_o the_o say_a land_n between_o the_o heir_n of_o king_n kenulf_n and_o the_o archbishop_n and_o because_o this_o please_v the_o king_n and_o he_o humble_o entreat_v it_o out_o of_o love_n and_o friendship_n to_o the_o king_n the_o archbishop_n consent_v thereto_o for_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o say_a king_n kenulf_n often_o desire_v to_o have_v the_o say_a father_n to_o be_v their_o patron_n and_o intercessor_n and_o they_o entreat_v he_o with_o humble_a devotion_n that_o for_o a_o full_a reconciliation_n he_o will_v receive_v in_o four_o place_n one_o hundred_o hide_n of_o land_n to_o wit_n herges_n and_o herford_v land_n wamdelâ—a_n and_o gedding_n then_o the_o archbishop_n for_o the_o love_n of_o god_n and_o the_o amiable_a friendship_n of_o beornulf_n consent_v to_o this_o accord_n upon_o this_o condition_n that_o the_o foresay_a abbess_n shall_v deliver_v to_o the_o say_a archbishop_n the_o foresay_a land_n of_o one_o hundred_o hide_n with_o the_o book_n which_o the_o english_a call_n landbor_n and_o with_o the_o same_o liberty_n which_o he_o have_v before_o for_o a_o perpetual_a inherâ—nace_n whereupon_o king_n beornulf_n with_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o whole_a council_n proclaim_v it_o to_o be_v altogether_o free_a but_o this_o agreement_n be_v not_o all_o this_o time_n ratify_v because_o after_o these_o thing_n the_o promise_n remain_v unfulfil_v for_o 12_o month_n for_o three_o hide_n or_o tenement_n of_o the_o foresay_a land_n be_v detain_v and_o the_o book_n of_o 47_o tenement_n to_o wit_n the_o book_n of_o bockland_n the_o book_n of_o wambelea_n and_o also_o the_o book_n of_o herfocdingland_n but_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v she_o the_o say_a ahbess_n desire_v a_o conference_n with_o the_o foresay_a archbishop_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o wicii_fw-la at_o a_o place_n call_v ostaveshlen_n where_o he_o hold_v a_o council_n where_o when_o she_o have_v find_v the_o man_n of_o god_n she_o confess_v her_o folly_n in_o delay_v her_o former_a agreement_n upon_o which_o the_o archbishop_n with_o great_a sweetness_n show_v that_o he_o be_v altogether_o free_a from_o the_o foresay_a agreement_n and_o that_o of_o her_o part_n there_o be_v many_o thing_n want_v which_o she_o ought_v to_o have_v restore_v but_o she_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o councilâ—_n great_o blush_v humble_o promise_v that_o she_o will_v restore_v all_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v want_v and_o with_o a_o willing_a mind_n restore_v to_o the_o archbishop_n the_o book_n of_o certain_a land_n which_o before_o she_o have_v not_o promise_v with_o the_o land_n adjudge_v to_o he_o as_o sir_n henry_n spelmans_fw-mi margin_n supply_v the_o defect_n in_o the_o same_o council_n she_o likewise_o add_v thereto_o a_o farm_n of_o 4_o tenement_n in_o heugam_n for_o his_o favour_n likewise_o she_o give_v to_o the_o archbishop_n 30_o hide_v land_n or_o tenement_n in_o cumbe_n with_o a_o book_n of_o the_o say_a land_n that_o a_o firm_a and_o stable_a friendship_n and_o accord_n may_v remain_v between_o all_o the_o heir_n of_o king_n kenulf_n and_o the_o archbishop_n to_o all_o which_o thing_n the_o archbishop_n give_v his_o consent_n upon_o this_o condition_n that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o afore_o say_v land_n shall_v be_v raze_v quite_o out_o of_o the_o ancient_a privilege_n which_o belong_v to_o wincelcumbe_v lest_o in_o after_o time_n some_o controversy_n shall_v be_v raise_v de_fw-fr hoc_fw-la quod_fw-la synodali_n authoritate_fw-la decretum_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la signo_fw-la crucis_fw-la firmatum_fw-la concern_v this_o which_o be_v end_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o council_n and_o confirm_v with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o ctoss_n by_o this_o and_o the_o precedent_a council_n of_o clovesho_n it_o be_v apdarent_a first_o that_o the_o injustice_n rapine_n and_o oppression_n of_o our_o saxon_a king_n themselves_o be_v then_o examine_v and_o redress_v in_o and_o by_o our_o parliamentary_a council_n 2_o that_o tittle_n to_o land_n jurisdiction_n privilege_n unjust_o take_v from_o the_o church_n and_o other_o man_n by_o our_o king_n or_o other_o great_a person_n and_o complaint_n touch_v the_o same_o be_v usual_o hear_v determine_v and_o redress_v in_o the_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n of_o that_o age_n upon_o complaint_n make_v thereof_o and_o that_o to_o and_o before_o the_o whole_a council_n not_o to_o any_o private_a committee_n not_o then_o in_o use_n 3_o that_o restitution_n reparation_n and_o damage_n in_o such_o case_n be_v usual_o award_v in_o such_o parliamentary_a council_n not_o only_o against_o the_o king_n &_o party_n that_o do_v the_o wrong_n but_o likewise_o nâ—…_n against_o their_o heir_n as_o here_o against_o abbesscenedritha_n daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o king_n kenulph_n after_o the_o decease_n ofher_o father_n the_o tort_n feasor_n 4_o that_o the_o same_o cause_n and_o complaint_n be_v revive_v continue_a end_v in_o succeed_v that_o rest_v undecided_a and_o unrecompensed_a in_o former_a council_n 5_o that_o agreement_n exchange_n and_o judgement_n give_v upon_o complaint_n in_o parliamentary_a council_n be_v conclusive_a and_o final_a to_o the_o party_n and_o their_o heir_n 6_o that_o injury_n do_v by_o the_o power_n of_o our_o king_n or_o great_a man_n in_o one_o parliamentary_a council_n as_o in_o divide_v the_o archbishopric_n of_o canterbury_n etc._n etc._n be_v examine_v &_o redress_v by_o another_o subsequent_a council_n 7_o that_o parliamentary_a council_n in_o that_o age_n be_v very_o frequent_o hold_v atlea_v once_o or_o twice_o a_o year_n if_o not_o interrupt_v by_o war_n and_o that_o usual_o at_o clovesho_n according_a to_o the_o 334._o decree_n of_o the_o council_n of_o heartford_n under_o archbishop_n theodor_n that_o the_o bishop_n once_o a_o year_n shall_v assemble_v together_o in_o a_o council_n at_o clovesho_n as_o gervasius_n doroberniensis_n record_v there_o be_v 4_o council_n there_o and_o elsewhere_o hold_v in_o king_n beornulf_n 4_o year_n reign_n i_o find_v m_z another_o council_n hold_v at_o clovesho_n in_o the_o 335._o year_n 824_o the_o 3._o of_o the_o calends_o of_o november_n under_o beornulf_n king_n of_o mercian_n and_o wulfred_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n where_o this_o king_n which_o all_o his_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n and_o all_o the_o prince_n noble_n and_o many_o most_o wise_a 6._o man_n be_v assemble_v together_o among_o other_o business_n debate_v therein_o there_o be_v a_o sure_a between_o heabere_fw-la bishop_n of_o worcester_n and_o the_o nun_n of_o berclea_n concern_v the_o inheritance_n of_o aethelfrick_n son_n of_o aethelmund_n to_o wit_v the_o monastery_n call_v west-burgh_n the_o land_n whereof_o with_o the_o book_n the_o bishop_n then_o have_v as_o aethelfrick_n have_v before_o command_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v restore_v to_o
deo_fw-la conservabitur_fw-la ubi_fw-la lucrum_fw-la impium_fw-la et_fw-la magis_fw-la falsum_fw-la diligitur_fw-la ideo_fw-la debenâ—_n omnes_fw-la amâ—â—â—_n dei_fw-la quod_fw-la iniquum_fw-la eâ—â—_n enervare_fw-la quod_fw-la jnstum_fw-la est_fw-la elevare_fw-la non_fw-la paâ—i_fw-la ut_fw-la propter_fw-la falsum_fw-la et_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la quaestum_fw-la se_fw-la forisfaciant_fw-la homineâ—_n ergà _fw-la veer_fw-la sapiâ—nâ—em_fw-la deum_fw-la cui_fw-la displiceâ—_n omnis_fw-la injustitia_fw-la which_o i_o wish_v all_o our_o unrighteous_a couâ—â—ous_a â—ax-masters_n exciser_n and_o exacter_n will_v now_o serious_o consider_v after_o which_o it_o followsâ—_n christianis_fw-la autem_fw-la omnibus_fw-la necessarium_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la rectum_fw-la diligant_fw-la ut_fw-la iniqua_fw-la condemnent_fw-la et_fw-la saltem_fw-la sacris_fw-la ordinibus_fw-la erecti_fw-la justum_fw-la semper_fw-la erigant_fw-la et_fw-la prava_fw-la deponant_fw-la hinc_fw-la debent_fw-la episcopi_fw-la cum_fw-la saecâ—li_fw-la judicibus_fw-la interest_n judiciis_fw-la ne_fw-la permittant_fw-la si_fw-la possint_fw-la ut_fw-la illinc_fw-la aliqua_fw-la praviâ—atum_fw-la germina_fw-la pullulaverint_fw-la and_o to_o avoid_v all_o arbitrary_a proceed_n oppression_n and_o injustice_n in_o all_o thing_n this_o council_n by_o positive_a law_n ascertain_v all_o sin_n amerciament_n imprisonment_n and_o corporal_a punishment_n for_o criminal_a offence_n from_o which_o the_o judge_n may_v not_o vary_v and_o withal_o define_v what_o arm_n every_o man_n shall_v find_v in_o those_o time_n of_o war_n against_o the_o dane_n and_o other_o enemy_n by_o his_o positive_a law_n lex_fw-la 21._o 〈…〉_z sax._n 16._o omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la habebit_fw-la duos_fw-la homines_fw-la cum_fw-la bonis_fw-la equis_fw-la de_fw-la omni_fw-la carucâ_fw-la king_n ethelstane_n after_o this_o council_n at_o grate_o what_o year_n be_v not_o express_v assemble_v several_a other_o parliamentary_a 5._o council_n at_o exeter_n feuresham_n and_o thunderfeld_n wherein_o he_o and_o his_o wiseman_n by_o common_a consent_n confirm_v the_o law_n make_v at_o grate_o alter_v some_o of_o they_o in_o certain_a particular_n and_o add_v some_o new_a law_n unto_o they_o as_o you_o may_v read_v at_o large_a in_o bromton_n and_o as_o the_o first_o chapter_n and_o this_o prologue_n to_o those_o law_n assure_v we_o 850._o haec_fw-la sunt_fw-la judicia_fw-la quae_fw-la sapientes_fw-la exoniae_fw-la consilio_fw-la adelstani_fw-la regis_fw-la instituerunt_fw-la &_o iterumâ—â—â—ud_a feuresham_n et_fw-la tertia_fw-la vice_fw-la aâ—ud_fw-la thundresfeldiam_fw-la ubi_fw-la hoc_fw-la deâ—â—nitum_fw-la stmul_fw-la et_fw-la conâ—â—ematum_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la imprimis_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la observentur_fw-la omne_fw-la judicia_fw-la quae_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n 6._o imposita_fw-la fuerint_fw-la praeter_fw-la mercatum_fw-la civitatis_fw-la et_fw-la dieâ—_n dominicae_fw-la the_o cause_n of_o make_v these_o new_a law_n and_o confirm_v the_o old_a be_v a_o complaint_n â—o_o the_o king_n in_o the_o council_n at_o exeter_n that_o the_o peace_n and_o law_n make_v at_o grateley_n be_v not_o so_o well_o keep_v as_o they_o shall_v be_v and_o that_o thief_n and_o malefactor_n abound_v as_o this_o prologue_n manifest_v 850._o ego_fw-la adelstanus_n rex_fw-la notifico_fw-la vobis_fw-la sicut_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la michi_n quod_fw-la pax_fw-la nostra_fw-la pejus_fw-la observata_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la michi_n placet_fw-la vel_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n fuerit_fw-la institutum_fw-la et_fw-la sapientes_fw-la michi_n dicunt_fw-la quod_fw-la hocdiutius_fw-la 6._o pertuli_fw-la quam_fw-la debueram_fw-la nunc_fw-la inveni_fw-la cum_fw-la illis_fw-la sapientibus_fw-la qui_fw-la apud_fw-la exoniam_fw-la fuerint_fw-la mecum_fw-la in_o sancto_fw-la natali_n domini_fw-la quod_fw-la parati_fw-la sunt_fw-la omninò_fw-la quando_fw-la velim_fw-la cum_fw-la seipsis_fw-la &_o uxoribus_fw-la &_o pecunia_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la re_fw-la suâ_fw-la ire_n quo_fw-la tunc_fw-la voluero_fw-la nisi_fw-la malefactores_fw-la requiescant_fw-la eo_fw-la tenore_fw-la quo_fw-la nunquam_fw-la deinceps_fw-la in_o patriam_fw-la istam_fw-la redeant_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o council_n of_o feuresham_n in_o kent_n the_o king_n by_o some_o of_o his_o wise-counsellor_n send_v thither_o to_o it_o propound_v some_o thing_n for_o the_o weal_n and_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n together_o with_o his_o pardon_n for_o forepast_a offence_n which_o they_o upon_o debate_n assent_v to_o and_o draw_v up_o into_o sundry_a head_n return_v to_o the_o king_n for_o his_o royal_a assent_n with_o this_o memorable_a gratulatory_a prologue_n which_o most_o true_o represent_v unto_o we_o the_o proceed_n in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o that_o age_n i_o think_v meet_v entire_o to_o transcribe_v 851._o karissime_fw-la episcopi_fw-la tui_fw-la de_fw-fr kent_n &_o omnis_fw-la kentescire_fw-la thayni_n comites_fw-la &_o villani_n tibi_fw-la domino_fw-la dilectissimo_fw-la svo_fw-la gratias_fw-la agunt_fw-la quod_fw-la nobis_fw-la de_fw-la pace_fw-la nostra_fw-la praecipere_fw-la voluisti_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr commodo_fw-la nostro_fw-la perquirere_fw-la &_o consulere_fw-la quia_fw-la magnum_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la inde_fw-la nobis_fw-la divitibus_fw-la &_o egenis_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la incepimus_fw-la quanta_fw-la diligentia_fw-la potuimus_fw-la consilio_fw-la horum_fw-la sapientum_fw-la quos_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la misisti_fw-la unde_fw-la karissime_fw-la domine_fw-la primum_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-fr nostra_fw-la decima_fw-la ad_fw-la quam_fw-la valdè_fw-la cupidi_fw-la sumus_fw-la &_o voluntarii_fw-la &_o tibi_fw-la supplices_fw-la gratias_fw-la agimus_fw-la admonitionis_fw-la tuus_fw-la secundum_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-fr pace_n nostrá_fw-fr quam_fw-la omnis_fw-la populus_fw-la teneri_fw-la desiderat_fw-la sicut_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n sapientes_fw-la tui_fw-la posuerunt_fw-la et_fw-la sicut_fw-la etiam_fw-la nunc_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o concilio_n apud_fw-la fefresham_n tertium_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la gratiant_a omnes_fw-la misericorditur_fw-la hermerum_fw-la dominum_fw-la suum_fw-la de_fw-la dono_fw-la quod_fw-la forisfactis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la concessisti_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la pardonatur_fw-la omnibus_fw-la forisfactura_fw-la de_fw-la quocunque_fw-la furto_fw-la quod_fw-la antè_fw-la concilium_fw-la de_fw-la fefresham_n factum_fw-la fuit_fw-la eo_fw-la tenore_fw-la quo_fw-la semper_fw-la deinceps_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la malo_fw-la quiescant_fw-la et_fw-la omne_fw-la latrocinium_fw-la confiteantur_fw-la et_fw-la emendent_fw-la hinc_fw-la ad_fw-la augustum_fw-la quartum_fw-la ne_fw-la aliquis_fw-la recipiat_fw-la hominem_fw-la alterius_fw-la sine_fw-la licentia_fw-la ipsius_fw-la cui_fw-la prius_fw-la folgavit_fw-la nec_fw-la intra_fw-la marcam_fw-la nec_fw-la extra_fw-la et_fw-la etiam_fw-la ne_fw-la dominus_fw-la libero_fw-la homini_fw-la hlasocnam_fw-la interdicat_fw-la si_fw-la rectè_fw-la custodierit_fw-la eum_fw-la quintum_fw-la qui_fw-la ex_fw-la hoc_fw-la discedat_fw-la sit_fw-la dignus_fw-la eorum_fw-la quae_fw-la â—in_a scripto_fw-la pacis_fw-la habentur_fw-la quod_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n institutum_fw-la est_fw-la sextum_fw-la si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la homo_fw-la sit_fw-la adeo_fw-la dive_v vel_fw-la tantae_fw-la parentelae_fw-la quod_fw-la castigari_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la vel_fw-la illud_fw-la cessare_fw-la nolit_fw-la ut_fw-la efficias_fw-la qualiter_fw-la abstrahatur_fw-la in_o aliam_fw-la partem_fw-la regni_fw-la tui_fw-la sicut_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o occiduis_fw-la partibus_fw-la sit_fw-la alterutrum_fw-la quod_fw-la sit_fw-la sit_fw-la comitum_fw-la sit_fw-la villanorum_fw-la septimum_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la teneaâ—_n homines_fw-la suos_fw-la in_o side_n jussione_n suâ_fw-la contrà _fw-la omne_fw-la furtum_fw-la si_fw-mi tunc_fw-la sit_fw-la aliquis_fw-la qui_fw-la tot_fw-la homines_fw-la habeat_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la sufficiat_fw-la omnes_fw-la custodire_fw-la praepositum_fw-la talem_fw-la praeponat_fw-la sibi_fw-la singulis_fw-la villis_fw-la qui_fw-la credibilis_fw-la ei_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la concredat_fw-la hominibus_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la praepositis_fw-la alicui_fw-la eorum_fw-la hominum_fw-la concredere_fw-la non_fw-la audeat_fw-la inveniat_fw-la xii_o plegios_fw-la cognationis_fw-la suae_fw-la qui_fw-la ei_fw-la stint_v in_o side_n jussione_n et_fw-la si_fw-la dominus_fw-la vel_fw-la praepositus_fw-la vel_fw-la aliquis_fw-la hoc_fw-la infringat_fw-la vel_fw-la abhinc_fw-la exeat_fw-la sit_fw-la dignus_fw-la eorum_fw-la quae_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n dicta_fw-la sunt_fw-la nisi_fw-la regi_fw-la magis_fw-la placeat_fw-la alia_fw-la justitia_fw-la octavum_fw-la quod_fw-la omnibus_fw-la placuit_fw-la de_fw-la scutorum_fw-la opere_fw-la sicut_fw-la dixisti_fw-la precamur_fw-la domine_fw-la misericordiam_fw-la tuam_fw-la sit_v in_o hoc_fw-la sit_v in_o alterutrum_fw-la velnimis_fw-la velminus_fw-la ut_fw-la hoc_fw-la emendare_fw-la jubeas_fw-la juxta_fw-la velle_fw-la tuum_fw-la et_fw-la nos_fw-la devotè_fw-la parati_fw-la sumus_fw-la ad_fw-la omne_fw-la quae_fw-la nobis_fw-la praecipere_fw-la velis_fw-la quae_fw-la unquam_fw-la aliquatenus_fw-la implere_fw-la valeamus_fw-la after_o this_o there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o parliamentary_a council_n hold_v at_o london_n &_o not_o long_o after_o that_o another_o at_o thithamberig_n wherein_o many_o consultation_n be_v have_v &_o proposition_n make_v for_o suppression_n &_o punishment_n of_o thief_n and_o keep_n of_o the_o peace_n which_o the_o justice_n commissioner_n and_o other_o appoint_v to_o keep_v the_o peace_n and_o to_o take_v surety_n of_o all_o man_n to_o the_o keep_n thereof_o conclude_v upon_o at_o london_n and_o after_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n council_n to_o enlarge_v or_o alter_v as_o he_o shall_v see_v cause_n who_o thereupon_o make_v some_o alteration_n and_o mitigation_n at_o thithamberig_n of_o what_o the_o king_n think_v over-severe_a in_o put_v to_o day_n h_o those_o who_o be_v above_o 12_o year_n of_o age_n for_o 12d_o value_n as_o these_o passage_n attest_v declare_v the_o proceed_n of_o that_o parliamentary_a council_n h_z hoc_fw-la consultum_fw-la
600_o or_o 200_o s._n land_n by_o the_o year_n consocientur_fw-la et_fw-la exuperent_fw-la eum_fw-la vivum_fw-la vel_fw-la mortuum_fw-la alterutrum_fw-la quod_fw-la potâ—runt_fw-la et_fw-la qui_fw-la aliquem_fw-la eorum_fw-la infaidiabit_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o câ_fw-la quaestione_fw-la suerint_fw-la fit_a inimicus_fw-la regis_fw-la et_fw-la omnium_fw-la amicorum_fw-la ipsius_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la adire_fw-la negaverit_fw-la et_fw-la coadjuvare_fw-la nolit_fw-la emendat_fw-la regi_fw-la cxx_o s_o vel_fw-la secundum_fw-la hoc_fw-la pernegat_fw-la quod_fw-la nescivit_fw-la et_fw-la hundredo_fw-la thirty_o s._n from_o whence_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o all_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o law_n against_o thief_n and_o other_o malefactor_n be_v then_o make_v and_o enact_v in_o parliamentary_a council_n be_v assemble_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o all_o fine_n for_o offence_n impose_v and_o reduce_v to_o a_o certainty_n only_o by_o parliament_n and_o by_o the_o last_o parcel_n of_o king_n edmund_n law_n in_o bromton_n it_o seem_v the_o manner_n of_o contract_a marriage_n be_v then_o prescribe_v and_o settle_v by_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n this_o king_n 25._o edmund_n as_o he_o give_v and_o restore_v by_o his_o charter_n to_o christ-church_n and_o st._n augustine_n in_o canterbury_n several_a land_n unjust_o take_v away_o from_o they_o by_o his_o predecessor_n free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n except_o expedition_n and_o build_n of_o bridge_n and_o castle_n and_o ratify_v the_o law_n and_o privilege_n of_o st._n cutberts_n church_n at_o durham_n by_o consent_n of_o his_o bishop_n and_o noble_n so_o likewise_o 27._o anno_fw-la 944._o he_o graâ—ted_v by_o his_o charter_n write_v in_o golden_a character_n â—â—dry_a large_a liberty_n together_o with_o the_o manor_n of_o glâ—stâ—â—bury_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o glustonbury_n consiâ—io_n et_fw-fr coâ—sen_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d opâ—imatum_fw-la meorum_fw-la then_o assemble_v in_o a_o paliamentary_a council_n at_o london_n ratify_v the_o privilege_n grant_v to_o the_o monastery_n by_o king_n edmund_n his_o father_n eâ—frid_n â—…twine_v 10â—…_n ina_n and_o cuthred_n et_fw-la nè_fw-la quisquam_fw-la mortalâ—…_n seu_fw-la episcopus_fw-la vel_fw-la dux_n aut_fw-la princeps_fw-la aut_fw-la quilibet_fw-la ministrorum_fw-la eorum_fw-la audeat_fw-la eam_fw-la omnino_fw-la intrare_fw-la causa_fw-la placitandi_fw-la vel_fw-la capiendi_fw-la vel_fw-la quidquam_fw-la faciendi_fw-la quod_fw-la contrarium_fw-la fore_fw-la possit_fw-la inibi_fw-la deo_fw-la servientibus_fw-la dei_fw-la indictone_n prohibuit_fw-la 8â—8_n in_o the_o year_n 945._o this_o king_n edmund_n give_v many_o land_n and_o privilege_n tooth_n monastery_n of_o st._n edmundsbury_n by_o his_o charter_n quam_fw-la subscriptione_n episcorum_n comitum_fw-la et_fw-la baronum_fw-la piâ_fw-la devotione_fw-la roboravit_fw-la most_o probable_o in_o the_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o london_n at_o culington_n where_o they_o be_v all_o assemble_v 10._o edmund_n king_n edmund_n in_o the_o year_n 946._o celebrate_v with_o 946._o great_a solemnity_n the_o feast_n of_o st._n augustine_n which_o the_o english_a accustom_v to_o celebrate_v every_o year_n at_o canterbury_n as_o some_o or_o at_o pulcherkirke_n now_o at_o puckel-church_n in_o glostershire_n as_o other_o or_o michelesberith_n as_o matthew_n westminster_n style_v it_o as_o he_o be_v sit_v at_o dinner_n in_o the_o hall_n amid_o his_o noble_n and_o courtier_n espy_v a_o notable_a thief_n call_v leoff_n who_o he_o former_o banish_v for_o his_o theft_n stand_v in_o the_o hall_n whereupon_o he_o not_o endure_v his_o sight_n command_v his_o butler_n to_o thrust_v that_o thief_n present_o out_o of_o the_o palace_n who_o refuse_v to_o depart_v upon_o the_o king_n command_n and_o resist_v the_o butler_n the_o king_n thereupon_o in_o a_o rage_n rise_v sudden_o from_o 8._o the_o table_n take_v the_o thief_n by_o the_o hair_n and_o throw_v he_o to_o the_o ground_n whereupon_o the_o traitor_n feel_v himself_o hurt_v and_o the_o king_n lie_v upon_o he_o present_o draw_v out_o his_o knife_n which_o he_o carry_v secret_o about_o he_o rip_v up_o the_o king_n bowel_n and_o slay_v he_o with_o it_o which_o the_o knight_n and_o soldier_n perceive_v rush_v all_o upon_o the_o thief_n and_o with_o their_o sword_n and_o knife_n chap_v all_o his_o flesh_n and_o bone_n into_o small_a piece_n some_o â—istorians_n write_v that_o he_o slay_v some_o of_o the_o king_n follower_n likewise_o and_o wound_a more_o of_o they_o and_o so_o escape_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o tumult_n sicque_fw-la clarum_fw-la regalis_fw-la convivii_fw-la principium_fw-la nebulosus_fw-la rerum_fw-la gestarum_fw-la exitus_fw-la terminavit_fw-la communi_fw-la ergo_fw-la decretum_fw-la concilio_n it_o be_v thereupon_o decree_v by_o a_o common_a council_n that_o his_o body_n shall_v be_v inter_v in_o glastonbury_n abbey_n abbot_n ethelred_n give_v this_o encomium_n of_o he_o 358._o erat_fw-la autem_fw-la pavis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la imitabitor_n homo_fw-la simplex_fw-la &_o rectus_fw-la et_fw-la timens_fw-la deum_fw-la et_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la finem_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la suae_fw-la permanens_fw-la in_o innocentiâ_fw-la suâ_fw-la etc._n 8._o edred_n his_o brother_n succeed_v he_o the_o same_o year_n in_o the_o throne_n and_o be_v crown_v king_n at_o kingston_n by_o odo_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n edwin_n and_o edgar_n king_n edmund_n son_n be_v put_v by_o because_o of_o their_o infancy_n quiaâ—tepugnante_fw-la legitimâ_fw-la aetate_fw-la patri_fw-la succedere_fw-la non_fw-la valebant_fw-la as_o matthew_n westminster_n render_v the_o reason_n no_o soon_o be_v he_o crown_v but_o enter_v into_o northumberland_n with_o a_o great_a army_n he_o subdue_v the_o rebellious_a northumberlander_n who_o refuse_v to_o bear_v the_o yoke_n of_o his_o government_n reduce_v they_o all_o under_o his_o obedience_n whereupon_o wulstan_n arcbbishop_n of_o york_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o northumberlander_n swear_v fealty_n to_o king_n edred_n which_o they_o do_v not_o long_o observe_v after_o which_o king_n edred_n enter_v with_o banner_n display_v into_o scotland_n 〈◊〉_d whereupon_o the_o scot_n strike_v with_o a_o fear_n without_o any_o resistance_n or_o war_n swear_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o he_o as_o to_o their_o true_a lord_n as_o well_o as_o the_o northumberlander_n which_o oath_n they_o soon_o violate_v for_o no_o soon_o be_v edred_n return_v with_o his_o army_n into_o the_o southern_a part_n but_o anlaff_n who_o be_v chase_v out_o of_o northumberland_n return_v thither_o again_o with_o a_o great_a fleet_n be_v joyful_o receive_v by_o the_o northumberlander_n and_o restore_v by_o they_o to_o the_o throne_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o he_o keep_v by_o force_n near_o four_o year_n but_o in_o the_o four_o year_n the_o northumberlander_n use_v their_o accustom_a treachery_n and_o disloyalty_n châ—sed_v away_o their_o king_n anlaff_n and_o receive_v hire_n or_o eâ—icus_n son_n of_o harald_n for_o their_o king_n who_o hold_v the_o kingdom_n but_o a_o short_a time_n for_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n not_o long_o endure_v any_o king_n as_o they_o haâ—_n light_o receive_v hire_n for_o their_o king_n so_o in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n they_o as_o light_o reject_v he_o and_o call_v king_n edred_n to_o they_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n receive_v he_o again_o for_o their_o sovereign_n and_o set_v he_o in_o the_o throne_n as_o humindon_n record_v but_o malmesbuty_n roger_n hoâ—eden_n and_o other_o relate_v that_o king_n edred_n anno_fw-la 948_o be_v soincense_v with_o the_o northumberlander_n for_o their_o treachery_n towards_o he_o in_o choose_v hirc_n for_o their_o king_n against_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n swear_v to_o he_o that_o he_o waste_v all_o norshumberland_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n and_o famine_n et_fw-la penè_fw-la ex_fw-la hominibus_fw-la delevit_fw-la but_o some_o of_o the_o northumberlander_n in_o his_o return_n from_o thence_o sally_v out_o of_o york_n with_o their_o force_n cut_v off_o some_o of_o the_o rear_n of_o his_o army_n be_v cesterford_n wherewith_o king_n edred_n be_v so_o enrage_v that_o he_o resolve_v present_o to_o return_v et_fw-la totam_fw-la illam_fw-la terram_fw-la penitus_fw-la desere_fw-la and_o ututter_o to_o destroy_v all_o that_o country_n which_o the_o northumberlander_n hear_v they_o be_v so_o terrify_v that_o they_o reject_v their_o new_a king_n hirc_n and_o receive_v edred_n for_o their_o sovereign_n satisfy_v the_o king_n with_o honour_n and_o the_o damage_n and_o wrong_n they_o have_v do_v unto_o he_o with_o gift_n and_o no_o small_a sum_n of_o mony_n these_o treacherous_a rebellious_a northumberlander_n after_o edred_n and_o hirc_n have_v no_o particular_a king_n at_o all_o to_o rule_v over_o they_o but_o only_a duke_n who_o name_n and_o succession_n with_o their_o treachery_n towards_o and_o rebellion_n against_o they_o 951._o you_o may_v read_v at_o leisure_n in_o roger_n hoveden_n who_o subjoin_v the_o history_n of_o they_o immediate_o to_o this_o relation_n this_o king_n edred_n about_o the_o year_n 951._o 3._o close_v imprison_v wulstan_n archbishop_n of_o york_n in_o withaubrig_n and_o suspend_v he_o from_o his_o archbishopric_n near_o a_o whole_a year_n for_o certain_a cause_n of_o which_o he_o have_v be_v
quod_fw-la contra_fw-la nostrum_fw-la deliquit_fw-la decretum_fw-la the_o same_o year_n king_n edgar_n by_o his_o regal_a charter_n record_v at_o large_a by_o 882._o abbot_n ingulphus_n confirm_v all_o the_o land_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n 10._o former_o granteâ—_n and_o confirm_v to_o they_o by_o king_n edred_n and_o his_o noble_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o both_o the_o archbishop_n 〈…〉_z bishop_n anâ—…_n noble_n assemble_v in_o a_o council_n at_o london_n who_o raâ—…_n it_o wiâ—h_v their_o subscription_n the_o â—â—gn_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o a_o solemn_a excommunication_n denounce_v by_o the_o two_o archbishop_n and_o three_o bishop_n more_o in_o paul_n church_n london_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o king_n edgar_n hiâ—_n prelate_n and_o noble_n in_o octavis_fw-la pentecostes_fw-la against_o all_o infringer_n of_o this_o chaâ—ter_n and_o of_o their_o liberty_n about_o the_o year_n 967_o as_o some_o or_o 969._o as_o other_o compute_v 967._o king_n edgar_n in_o a_o great_a senate_n or_o council_n by_o advice_n of_o his_o 476._o wiseman_n enact_v divers_a civil_a &_o ecclesiastical_a law_n and_o canon_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o stâ—…_n church_n thus_o prefaced_a leges_fw-la quasâ—or_fw-la â—or_z hoc_fw-la est_fw-la institutum_fw-la quod_fw-la edgarn_v rex_fw-la freqenti_fw-la senatu_fw-la consilio_fw-la sapientum_fw-la snorum_fw-la 〈…〉_z gloriam_fw-la 〈…〉_z 5._o ornâ—…_n et_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la utilitatem_fw-la sancivit_fw-la or_o constituit_fw-la the_o 7_o and_o 8_o of_o his_o secular_a lawâ—_n in_o the_o 4._o latâ—…â—â—r_n â—â—r_z 1_o 2_o 3._o in_o the_o saxon_a copy_n i_o shall_v only_o transcribe_v hoc_fw-la est_fw-la institutio_fw-la secularis_fw-la quam_fw-la volo_fw-la per_fw-la omne_fw-la â—eneâ—i_fw-la volow_v omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la sit_fw-la dignus_fw-la juris_fw-la publiet_fw-la 〈…〉_z quicunque_fw-la â—it_n et_fw-la eiâ—_n justa_fw-la judicia_fw-la judicentur_fw-la et_fw-fr â—it_n in_fw-la emendationibus_fw-la remâ—…_n vemaâ—is_fw-la apud_fw-la deum_fw-la et_fw-la apud_fw-la seculum_fw-la tolerabiâ—is_fw-la et_fw-la nemo_fw-la requiret_fw-la regem_fw-la pro_fw-la aliqua_fw-la causa_fw-la niâ—i_fw-la domi_fw-la negatur_fw-la ei_fw-la omne_fw-la dignum_fw-la recti_fw-la vel_fw-la rectum_fw-la impetrare_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la et_fw-fr de_fw-fr nulla_fw-la emendabili_fw-la re_fw-la foris_fw-la faciat_fw-la homo_fw-la plusquam_fw-la weram_fw-la svam_fw-la agreeable_a to_o our_o king_n coronation_n oath_n and_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la et_fw-la judex_fw-la qui_fw-la injustum_fw-la judicium_fw-la judicabit_fw-la alicui_fw-la det_fw-la regi_fw-la cxx_o s._n nisi_fw-la jurare_fw-la audeat_fw-la quod_fw-la â—ectius_fw-la judicare_fw-la nescivit_fw-la et_fw-la qui_fw-la aliquem_fw-la injust_a superdicere_fw-la praesumat_fw-la unde_fw-la vita_fw-la vel_fw-la commodo_fw-la pejor_fw-la sit_fw-la linguae_fw-la suae_fw-la reus_fw-la erit_fw-la etc._n etc._n anno_fw-la 969._o there_o be_v 969._o a_o general_a council_n 966._o assemble_v at_o london_n by_o king_n edgar_n at_o the_o instigation_n of_o pope_n john_n and_o archbishop_n dunstan_n wherein_o as_o i_o conceive_v the_o king_n make_v that_o elegant_a oration_n against_o the_o vicious_a life_n of_o the_o clergy_n thus_o express_v his_o own_o duty_n and_o supremacy_n over_o all_o person_n and_o cause_n both_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a justum_fw-la proinde_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la qui_fw-la omne_fw-la subjecit_fw-la sub_fw-la pedibus_fw-la nostril_n subjiciamus_fw-la illi_fw-la et_fw-la nos_fw-la et_fw-la animas_fw-la nostraâ—_n et_fw-la ut_fw-la hi_o quos_fw-la nobis_fw-la subdidit_fw-la ejus_fw-la subdantur_fw-la legibus_fw-la non_fw-la segniter_fw-la elaboremus_fw-la et_fw-la meae_fw-la quidem_fw-la inâ—ereâ—…_n laicos_fw-la cum_fw-la aequitatis_fw-la fure_z tractare_fw-la inter_fw-la virum_fw-la et_fw-la proximum_fw-la suum_fw-la justum_fw-la judicium_fw-la facere_fw-la punire_fw-la sacrilegos_fw-la rebel_n supprimere_fw-la eripere_fw-la â—…opem_fw-la de_fw-la manusortiorum_fw-la ejus_fw-la egenum_fw-la et_fw-la paâ—perem_fw-la à _fw-la deripientibus_fw-la eum_fw-la sed_fw-la et_fw-la meae_fw-la â—ollicitudinis_fw-la est_fw-la ecclesiarum_fw-la ministris_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la necessaria_fw-la procurare_fw-la et_fw-la paci_fw-la eorum_fw-la et_fw-la quieti_fw-la consulere_fw-la de_fw-fr quorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la moribus_fw-la ad_fw-la noâ—_n spectat_fw-la examen_fw-la si_fw-la vivunt_fw-la continenter_fw-la si_fw-la honest_a se_fw-la habent_fw-la ad_fw-la eosqui_fw-la foris_fw-la sunt_fw-la si_fw-la in_o divinis_fw-la officiis_fw-la solliciti_fw-la si_fw-la in_o docendo_fw-la populo_fw-la assidui_fw-la si_fw-la victu_fw-la sobrii_fw-la si_fw-la moderati_fw-la habitu_fw-la si_fw-la in_o judiciis_fw-la sunt_fw-la discreti_fw-la etc._n etc._n ego_fw-la constantini_n vos_fw-fr petri_n gladium_fw-la habetis_fw-la in_o manibus_fw-la jungamus_fw-la dextras_fw-la gladium_fw-la gladio_fw-la copuâ—emus_fw-la ut_fw-la ejiciantur_fw-la â—extra_fw-la castra_fw-la leprosi_fw-la ut_fw-la purgeâ—ur_fw-la sanctuarium_fw-la domini_fw-la et_fw-la ministrâ—nt_fw-la in_o templo_fw-la silii_fw-la levi_n etc._n etc._n after_o which_o direct_v his_o speech_n to_o dunstan_n aethelwald_n and_o oswald_n he_o conclude_v thus_o vobis_fw-la istud_fw-la committo_fw-la negotium_fw-la â—t_a episcopali_fw-la censura_fw-la et_fw-la authoritate_fw-la regius_fw-la turpiter_fw-la viventes_fw-la de_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la ejiciantur_fw-la &_o ordinatè_fw-la viventes_fw-la introducantur_fw-la herupon_o there_o be_v a_o decree_n make_v in_o this_o general_n council_n that_o all_o canon_n priest_n deacon_n and_o subdeacon_n shall_v live_v chaste_o that_o be_v put_v 4._o away_o their_o lawful_a wife_n vow_v chastity_n and_o become_v monk_n or_o relinquish_v the_o church_n they_o then_o hold_v the_o execution_n whereof_o be_v commit_v to_o oswald_n and_o ethelwald_n who_o thereupon_o compel_v the_o clergy_n in_o worcester_n winchester_n and_o other_o church_n to_o become_v monk_n renuentes_fw-la verò_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la beneficio_fw-la spoliarunt_fw-la deprive_v those_o who_o refuse_v of_o all_o their_o benefice_n and_o put_v monk_n into_o they_o qui_fw-la novo_fw-la quidem_fw-la splendore_fw-la universam_fw-la insulam_fw-la illustrarunt_fw-la as_o our_o monkish_a writer_n record_v or_o rather_o novo_fw-la foetore_fw-la contaminarunt_fw-la as_o other_o write_v 868._o john_n bromton_n inform_v we_o that_o after_o the_o slaughter_n of_o the_o nun_n of_o ely_n by_o inguar_n and_o hubba_n the_o secular_a priest_n enjoy_v that_o monastery_n one_o hundred_o year_n space_n who_o king_n edgar_n de_fw-fr concilio_n beati_fw-la 4._o dunstani_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la &_o dicti_fw-la ethelwardi_fw-la aâ—_n mâ—gnatum_fw-la regni_fw-la in_o the_o forementioned_a general_n council_n expulit_fw-la &_o fugavit_fw-la for_o their_o dishonest_a conversation_n bishop_n oswald_z have_v eject_v the_o marry_a secular_a priest_n out_o of_o his_o church_n at_o worcester_n and_o introduce_v monk_n in_o their_o place_n do_v this_o year_n 969._o as_o i_o conjecture_v from_o the_o premise_n not_o 964._o as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n compute_v it_o 158._o procure_v king_n edgar_n by_o the_o counsel_n and_o assent_v of_o his_o prince_n noble_n and_o bishop_n most_o probable_o in_o the_o forementioned_a general_n council_n or_o that_o of_o london_n next_o ensue_v to_o ratify_v this_o their_o ejection_n and_o confirm_v the_o church_n of_o worcester_n with_o all_o the_o land_n good_n ecclesiastical_a &_o secular_a thing_n thereto_o 6_o belong_v to_o the_o monk_n of_o that_o church_n for_o ever_o free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n and_o exaction_n hard_a or_o easy_a and_o from_o all_o fiscal_v duty_n great_a and_o small_a know_v or_o unknown_a as_o well_o of_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n as_o of_o their_o officer_n exceptis_fw-la arcis_fw-la &_o pontis_fw-la extructione_fw-la et_fw-la expeditione_n edntra_fw-la hoâ—stem_fw-la and_o that_o by_o the_o special_a charter_n call_v oswald_n law_n subscribe_v by_o the_o king_n queen_n both_o the_o archbishop_n and_o 3_o duke_n anglic._n king_n edgar_z anno_fw-la 970._o or_o 971._o in_o the_o 12_o â—ear_v 970._o of_o his_o reign_n hold_v another_o parliamentary_a council_n at_o london_n where_o himself_o his_o mother_n alfgina_fw-la prince_n edward_n his_o son_n kined_a king_n of_o scot_n mascusius_n his_o admiral_n both_o the_o ahchbishop_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v present_a by_o his_o charter_n make_v in_o and_o ratify_v by_o this_o council_n this_o king_n grant_v and_o confirm_v many_o and_o very_o magnificent_a privilege_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o glastonbury_n communi_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la principuâ—â—que_fw-la concilio_fw-la et_fw-la generali_fw-la assensu_fw-la pontificum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la optimatumque_fw-la suorum_fw-la exempt_n the_o monastery_n and_o monk_n thereof_o not_o only_o from_o all_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n but_o likewise_o all_o their_o land_n from_o all_o tribute_n and_o exchequer_n business_n for_o ever_o grant_v they_o socam_fw-la &_o sacam_fw-la &c._n &c._n toll_n &_o team_n italibere_fw-la et_fw-la quiet_a sicut_fw-la ego_fw-la habeo_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la meo_fw-la eandem_fw-la quoque_fw-la libertatem_fw-la &_o potestatem_fw-la quam_fw-la ego_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la mea_fw-la habeo_fw-la tam_fw-la in_o demittendo_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o puniendo_fw-la &_o in_o quibuslibet_fw-la omnino_fw-la negotiis_fw-la abbas_n &_o monachi_fw-la praefati_fw-la monasterii_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la sua_fw-la habeant_fw-la and_o which_o be_v a_o privilege_n beyond_o all_o precedent_n si_fw-mi autem_fw-la abbas_n vel_fw-la quilibet_fw-la monachus_n loci_fw-la illius_fw-la latronem_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la suspendium_fw-la vel_fw-la quodlibet_fw-la mortis_fw-la
relate_v though_o he_o misdate_v the_o time_n of_o this_o council_n as_o held_z anno_fw-la 968._o after_o much_o debate_n the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n fear_v they_o shall_v be_v overcome_v by_o dispute_n â—ay_n the_o monk_n promise_v reformation_n of_o life_n on_o the_o clergy_n behalf_n most_o humble_o entreat_v the_o king_n and_o archbishop_n that_o they_o may_v be_v readmit_v into_o monastery_n out_o of_o which_o they_o have_v be_v eject_v with_o who_o prayer_n tear_n &_o sigh_v the_o most_o merciful_a king_n be_v much_o move_v be_v in_o a_o great_a straight_o ruminate_v in_o his_o minâ—_n what_o he_o shall_v do_v in_o this_o business_n at_o last_o purpose_v and_o be_v about_o to_o grant_v pardon_n to_o the_o clerk_n upon_o hope_n of_o their_o amendment_n and_o to_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o return_v to_o the_o monastery_n and_o church_n whence_o they_o have_v be_v expel_v when_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o pronounce_v this_o his_o definitive_a sentence_n there_o be_v thiâ—_n divine_a voice_n utter_v by_o the_o crucifix_n in_o the_o wall_n cum_fw-la plurium_fw-la jam_fw-la suffragiis_fw-la de_fw-la presbyteris_fw-la restituendis_fw-la decernehatur_fw-la as_o matthew_n parker_n relate_v it_o aâ—…_n ut_fw-la â—oâ—_n fiâ—â—_n etc._n etc._n god_n forbid_v that_o this_o shall_v be_v do_v god_n forbid_v it_o shall_v be_v do_v you_o have_v judge_v well_o once_o you_o will_v change_v again_o not_o well_o which_o articulate_a voice_n only_o the_o king_n and_o archbishop_n who_o be_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o cause_n hear_v if_o the_o chronicle_n of_o winchester_n may_v be_v credit_v when_o as_o another_o monk_n relate_v it_o be_v hear_v by_o all_o present_a at_o which_o voice_n they_o be_v both_o astonish_a fall_v to_o the_o ground_n on_o their_o face_n but_o all_o the_o rest_n hear_v only_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o voice_n as_o of_o a_o great_a thunder_n fall_v down_o flat_a to_o the_o earth_n very_o much_o affright_v some_o write_v that_o both_o side_n by_o dunstan_n policy_n appeal_v to_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o crucifix_n in_o this_o case_n in_o which_o dunstan_n have_v place_v a_o man_n with_o a_o trunk_n in_o the_o wall_n behind_o the_o image_n who_o utter_v this_o voice_n in_o and_o by_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o rood_n which_o be_v most_o probable_a soon_o after_o â—he_v king_n and_o dunstan_n hear_v this_o second_o voice_n from_o the_o crucifix_n arise_v be_v not_o afraid_a because_o this_o day_n righteousness_n and_o peace_n have_v kiss_v each_o other_o in_o the_o monk_n in_o memory_n of_o this_o cheat_a oracle_n and_o monkish_a fable_n of_o which_o huntindon_n hoveden_n wigorniensis_n ranulâ—us_fw-la cistrensis_fw-la fabian_n and_o other_o old_a monastical_a historian_n make_v no_o mention_n and_o malmsbury_n slight_o relate_v it_o as_o a_o hear-say_n the_o monk_n of_o winchester_n ingrave_v these_o verse_n over_o the_o head_n of_o this_o crucifix_n in_o their_o refectory_n humano_fw-la more_fw-it crux_fw-la praesens_fw-la edidit_fw-la ore_fw-la coelâ—tus_fw-la effata_fw-la quae_fw-la prospicis_fw-la hic_fw-la subaratâ—â—_n write_v the_o word_n forfeit_v under_o this_o distich_n as_o then_o utter_v by_o the_o crucifix_n which_o assert_v before_o all_o that_o dunstan_n way_n be_v true_a wherewith_o the_o clerk_n and_o their_o abettor_n be_v quite_o confound_v and_o put_v to_o silence_n sed_fw-la adhuc_fw-la non_fw-la sedatis_fw-la animus_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o the_o noble_n and_o clerk_n mind_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o quiet_v by_o this_o oracle_n a_o clear_a evidence_n they_o suspect_v it_o as_o counterfeit_v our_o historian_n inform_v we_o there_o be_v three_o more_o great_a council_n soon_o after_o hold_v to_o 6._o settle_v this_o controversy_n between_o the_o marry_a priest_n and_o monk_n the_o first_o at_o kerling_n kerding_n or_o cerding_n or_o kirk_v as_o it_o be_v various_o style_v anno_fw-la 977._o which_o 497._o wigorn._n and_o hoveden_n stile_n magna_fw-la synodus_fw-la without_o 977._o record_v what_o be_v do_v therein_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n out_o of_o a_o old_a saxon_a note_n call_v it_o a_o great_a council_n affirm_v it_o be_v hold_v after_o easter_n and_o that_o sideman_n bishop_n of_o devonshire_n die_v in_o it_o that_o king_n edward_n and_o the_o archbishop_n therein_o ordain_v that_o every_o man_n shall_v go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n mary_n at_o abendune_n out_o of_o devotion_n and_o matthew_n parker_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o the_o life_n of_o dunstan_n superadde_n dunstanus_fw-la ibi_fw-la cum_fw-la monachorum_fw-la labenti_fw-la conditioni_fw-la succurrere_fw-la voluit_fw-la nihil_fw-la profecit_fw-la itaque_fw-la hoc_fw-la dissoluto_fw-la concilio_n aliud_fw-la in_o regius_fw-la villa_n wilteria_n quae_fw-la calne_n vulgo_fw-la appellatur_fw-la coegit_fw-la this_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o 243._o calne_n some_o stile_n it_o cleve_n be_v purposely_o call_v the_o same_o year_n 977._o to_o end_n the_o long_o continue_a controversy_n between_o the_o monk_n and_o marry_a priest_n which_o the_o seigned_a oracle_n of_o the_o crucifix_n at_o winchester_n and_o the_o council_n of_o kerding_n can_v not_o determine_v all_o the_o senator_n and_o 6._o noble_n of_o england_n sit_v together_o at_o this_o council_n in_o a_o upper_a room_n the_o king_n be_v absent_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o tender_a age_n or_o sickness_n the_o business_n be_v debate_v with_o great_a conflict_n and_o controversy_n and_o the_o strong_a wall_n of_o the_o monkish_a church_n archbishop_n dunstan_n be_v assault_v with_o the_o dart_n of_o many_o revile_n remain_v unshaken_a the_o disputant_n of_o both_o party_n and_o order_n defend_v their_o side_n with_o great_a industry_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o dispute_n the_o whole_a floor_n with_o the_o rafter_n and_o beam_n of_o the_o room_n wherein_o they_o dispute_v sudden_o break_v in_o piece_n and_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n with_o all_o the_o people_n in_o it_o except_o dunstan_n who_o escape_v without_o any_o harm_n stand_v firm_a on_o a_o beam_n that_o remain_v of_o which_o he_o take_v holdfast_n the_o rest_n be_v either_o slay_v outright_o or_o very_o much_o hurt_v and_o bruise_v with_o the_o fall_n so_o as_o they_o languish_v ever_o after_o hardly_o escape_v present_a death_n this_o miracle_n as_o our_o monkish_a author_n style_v it_o give_v peace_n to_o archbishop_n dunstan_n from_o the_o assault_n of_o the_o english_a clerk_n and_o other_o who_o thereupon_o from_o thenceforth_o submit_v to_o his_o sentence_n and_o judgement_n if_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n and_o mat._n westminster_n may_v be_v credit_v whereas_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n john_n bromton_n and_o other_o out_o of_o they_o assure_v we_o that_o there_o be_v not_o long_o after_o another_o parliamentary_a synod_n or_o assembly_n hold_v at_o ambresbery_n upon_o the_o same_o occasion_n without_o record_v the_o proceed_n or_o event_n thereof_o some_o conjecture_n that_o this_o fall_n be_v only_o a_o fiction_n of_o the_o monkish_a writer_n to_o add_v reputation_n to_o their_o languish_a cause_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o crucifix_n speech_n forecited_a other_o conceive_v it_o be_v wrought_v by_o duustans_n sorcery_n or_o policy_n other_o that_o it_o be_v casual_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o people_n but_o henry_n huntindon_n hist_n l._n 2._o p._n 357._o bromton_n col_fw-fr 876._o and_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n out_o of_o they_o p._n 496._o record_n that_o this_o fall_n of_o the_o noble_n at_o calne_n be_v not_o a_o divine_a judgement_n on_o they_o for_o their_o opposition_n against_o and_o injury_n to_o the_o monk_n as_o some_o interpret_v it_o but_o signum_fw-la videlicet_fw-la dei_fw-la excelâ—i_fw-la fuit_fw-la quod_fw-la proditione_n et_fw-la 8._o interfectione_fw-la regis_fw-la svi_fw-la ab_fw-la amore_fw-la dei_fw-la casuri_fw-la essent_fw-la et_fw-la diversis_fw-la gentibus_fw-la digna_fw-la contritione_n conterendi_fw-la as_o they_o be_v soon_o after_o break_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o invade_a conquer_a danes_n and_o norman_n and_o whether_o the_o late_a violent_a fall_n and_o rupture_n of_o our_o parliament_n and_o noble_n portend_v not_o the_o like_a fate_n to_o england_n by_o some_o other_o foreign_a invasion_n for_o the_o like_a treachery_n apostasy_n regicide_n or_o far_o worse_a let_v those_o who_o be_v guilty_a of_o it_o and_o other_o determine_v at_o their_o leisure_n 978._o king_n edward_n edward_n imitate_v the_o footstep_n of_o his_o father_n religion_n and_o piety_n be_v so_o circumvent_v by_o the_o flatter_a speech_n of_o his_o mother-in-law_n queen_n elfrida_n that_o although_o she_o oppose_v his_o title_n election_n coronation_n all_o she_o can_v to_o advance_v she_o own_o son_n to_o the_o crown_n yet_o retain_v only_o the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n to_o himself_o he_o soon_o after_o permit_v she_o and_o his_o brother_n ethelred_n his_o competitor_n to_o order_v all_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o they_o please_v whereupon_o as_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n relate_v she_o begin_v to_o plot_v how_o to_o dethrone_v this_o man_n of_o god_n king_n edward_n and_o advance_v she_o own_o
realm_n and_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o subject_a to_o be_v withdraw_v from_o and_o set_v against_o their_o sovereign_n they_o think_v it_o a_o sufficient_a occasion_n and_o advantage_n to_o forward_o their_o intendment_n and_o omit_v no_o time_n arrive_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o kent_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n as_o aforesaid_a about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 982._o one_o lefsi_n buy_v 982._o land_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o ily_n of_o adelwold_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o not_o only_o deny_v to_o pay_v for_o they_o but_o likewise_o forcible_o disseise_v the_o bishop_n of_o 3._o manor_n burch_n undeles_fw-la and_o kateringe_n which_o the_o bishop_n recover_v by_o judgement_n of_o the_o earlderman_n and_o thames_n in_o the_o witenagemote_a wittagemiot_n or_o parliamentary_a assembly_n of_o that_o age_n thus_o report_v by_o the_o ancient_a episcopi_fw-la book_n of_o ely_n and_o by_o 693._o mr._n selden_n out_o of_o it_o edicitur_fw-la placitum_fw-la apud_fw-la londoniam_fw-la quo_fw-la cum_fw-la deuce_n principes_fw-la satrapae_fw-la rethores_fw-la et_fw-la causidici_fw-la ex_fw-la omni_fw-la parte_fw-la confluxerant_fw-la beatus_fw-la aedelwoldus_fw-la praefatum_fw-la lefsium_fw-la in_o jus_o protraxit_fw-la et_fw-la coram_fw-la cunctis_fw-la svam_fw-la causam_fw-la et_fw-la injuriam_fw-la ac_fw-la rapinam_fw-la quam_fw-la ipse_fw-la leofsius_fw-la intulerat_fw-la sanctae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la ex_fw-la ordine_fw-la patefecit_fw-la qua_fw-la re_fw-la benè_fw-la ac_fw-la apertè_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la discussa_fw-la omnes_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la beato_fw-la aethelwaldo_n per_fw-la judicium_fw-la reddiderunt_fw-la burch_n et_fw-la undeles_fw-la et_fw-la kateringe_n judicaverunt_fw-la etiam_fw-la ut_fw-la leofsius_fw-la episcopo_fw-la totum_fw-la damnum_fw-la suum_fw-la suppleret_fw-la et_fw-la interpretatur_fw-la mundam_fw-la svam_fw-la redderet_fw-la de_fw-la rapina_fw-la verò_fw-la regis_fw-la forisfacturam_fw-la emendaret_fw-la dato_fw-la pretio_fw-la genealogiae_fw-la suae_fw-la post_fw-la haec_fw-la infra_fw-la octavum_fw-la diem_fw-la convenerunt_fw-la iterum_fw-la ad_fw-la northamtune_n et_fw-fr congregata_fw-la ibi_fw-la tota_fw-la provincia_n sive_fw-la vicecomitatu_fw-la coram_fw-la cunctis_fw-la iterum_fw-la causam_fw-la supradictam_fw-la 6_o patefecerunt_fw-la qua_fw-la patefacta_fw-la ac_fw-la declarata_fw-la ut_fw-la praejudicata_fw-la erat_fw-la apud_fw-la londoniam_fw-la judicaverunt_fw-la et_fw-la isti_fw-la apud_fw-la northamtune_n quo_fw-la facto_fw-la omnis_fw-la populus_fw-la cum_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la in_o christi_fw-la cruse_n reddiderunt_fw-la episcopo_fw-la quae_fw-la sua_fw-la erant_fw-la scilicet_fw-la burch_n et_fw-la undeles_fw-la et_fw-la kateringe_n by_o which_o precedent_n it_o be_v apparent_a 1._o that_o parliamentary_a council_n in_o that_o age_n hold_v plea_n and_o give_v judgement_n of_o disseisin_n and_o title_n of_o land_n 2._o that_o they_o have_v lawyer_n to_o assist_v they_o and_o plead_v such_o case_n before_o they_o 3._o that_o the_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o great_a council_n at_o london_n be_v confirm_v recite_v and_o execute_v in_o the_o county-court_n hold_v at_o northampton_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o land_n according_o restore_v to_o the_o bishop_n king_n 144._o ethelred_n be_v incense_v against_o the_o bishop_n 986._o of_o rochester_n anno_fw-la 983._o as_o some_o or_o 986._o as_o other_o compute_v it_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o rochester_n for_o a_o long_a space_n whereupon_o archbishop_n dunstan_n command_v he_o to_o give_v over_o the_o siege_n lest_o he_o shall_v provoke_v st._n andrew_n patron_n of_o that_o city_n against_o he_o the_o king_n notwithstanding_o continue_v his_o siege_n till_o he_o extort_a one_o hundred_o pound_n from_o the_o bishop_n whereupon_o dunstan_n admire_v at_o his_o covetousness_n send_v he_o this_o message_n because_o thou_o have_v prefer_v silver_n before_o god_n money_n before_o a_o apostle_n covetousness_n before_o i_o the_o evil_n which_o the_o lord_n have_v denounce_v shall_v violent_o come_v upon_o thou_o upon_o which_o matthew_n westminster_n make_v this_o observation_n anno_fw-la 986._o rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la aethelredus_fw-la qui_fw-la prohibente_fw-la beato_fw-la dunstano_fw-la centum_fw-la libras_fw-la ab_fw-la episcopo_fw-la roffensi_fw-la extorserat_fw-la pro_fw-la pace_fw-la brevissima_fw-la pensionem_fw-la 16_o millium_fw-la librarum_fw-la persolvere_fw-la compulsus_fw-la est_fw-la which_o fall_v not_o out_o till_o the_o year_n 994._o as_o himself_o and_o other_o record_n malmesbury_n refer_v it_o to_o the_o tax_n of_o 10_o thousand_o pound_n pay_v by_o he_o to_o the_o dane_n anno_fw-la 991._o in_o this_o year_n 986._o alfric_n duke_n of_o mercian_n son_n of_o duke_n alfere_n be_v banish_v england_n crudeliter_fw-la cruel_o without_o just_a cause_n as_o bromton_n recite_v which_o make_v he_o afterward_o prove_v treacherous_a to_o the_o king_n he_o be_v one_o of_o those_o english_a quos_fw-la nullis_fw-la causis_fw-la extantibus_fw-la exhaeredabat_fw-la rex_fw-la et_fw-la affecto_fw-la crimine_fw-la opibus_fw-la emungebat_fw-la which_o malmesbury_n tax_v he_o for_o his_o oppression_n and_o injustice_n 4._o be_v the_o chief_a cause_n of_o his_o miscarriage_n and_o expulsion_n by_o the_o dane_n 99â—_n anno_fw-la 988._o the_o dane_n invade_v wecedport_n thereupon_o grafton_n goda_n earl_n of_o devonshire_n strenwild_n a_o most_o valiant_a knight_n and_o many_o other_o in_o defence_n of_o their_o native_a country_n and_o liberties_n fight_v with_o they_o and_o be_v slay_v by_o they_o and_o anno_fw-la 891._o brithnoth_v the_o most_o valiant_a duke_n of_o the_o east_n english_a and_o his_o force_n fight_v a_o set_a battle_n with_o the_o invade_a dane_n who_o waste_v ipswich_n and_o the_o part_n adjoin_v in_o which_o battle_n a_o innumerable_a multitude_n be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n and_o this_o valiant_a duke_n with_o many_o thousand_o of_o the_o english_a in_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n against_o these_o invader_n after_o which_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o spricius_fw-la syricius_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n duke_n aethelward_n alfric_n and_o other_o noble_n assemble_v no_o doubt_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n as_o malmesbury_n his_o deuce_n et_fw-la proceres_fw-la 1._o si_fw-la quando_fw-la in_o concilium_fw-la venissent_fw-la pars_fw-la hic_fw-la 〈◊〉_d illud_fw-la elâ—…_n etc._n etc._n 〈◊〉_d henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n his_o proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la si_fw-la quando_fw-la ad_fw-la concilium_fw-la congregati_fw-la etc._n etc._n import_n a_o tribute_n of_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n be_v give_v to_o the_o dane_n that_o they_o may_v desist_v from_o their_o frequenr_a rapine_n and_o slaughter_n of_o man_n which_o they_o frequent_o exercise_v about_o the_o seacoast_n pacemque_fw-la firmam_fw-la cum_fw-la iis_fw-la tenerent_fw-la and_o may_v hold_v a_o firm_a peace_n with_o they_o some_o of_o our_o historian_n style_v this_o 879._o infaustum_fw-la concilium_fw-la a_o unlucky_a council_n eadmerus_n 1._o give_v this_o verdict_n of_o it_o regis_fw-la desidia_fw-la circum_fw-la circa_fw-la innotuit_fw-la et_fw-la ideo_fw-la extevorum_fw-la cupiditas_fw-la opes_fw-la anglorum_fw-la quam_fw-la mortes_fw-la affectans_fw-la hac_fw-la &_o illac_fw-la per_fw-la mare_fw-la terram_fw-la invadere_fw-la &_o primo_fw-la propinquas_fw-la mari_fw-fr villa_n &_o urbes_fw-la deinde_fw-la remotiores_fw-la ac_fw-la demum_fw-la totam_fw-la provinciam_fw-la miserabili_fw-la depopulatione_fw-la devastare_fw-la quibus_fw-la cum_fw-la ille_fw-la nimio_fw-la pavore_fw-la perculsus_fw-la non_fw-la armis_fw-la occurrere_fw-la sed_fw-la data_fw-la pecunia_fw-la pacem_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_n petere_fw-la non_fw-la erubuisset_fw-la ipsi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d suscepto_fw-la pretio_fw-la in_o sua_fw-la revertebantur_fw-la ut_fw-la numero_fw-la suorum_fw-la adaucto_fw-la fortiores_fw-la redirent_fw-la ac_fw-la praemia_fw-la iteratae_fw-la irruptionis_fw-la multiplicata_fw-la reciperent_fw-la unde_fw-la modo_fw-la decem_fw-la millia_fw-la modo_fw-la sedecim_fw-la millia_fw-la modo_fw-la viginti_fw-la quatuor_fw-la millia_fw-la modo_fw-la triginta_fw-la millia_fw-la librarum_fw-la argenti_fw-la consecuti_fw-la sunt_fw-la omne_fw-la illis_fw-la largiente_fw-la praefato_fw-la rege_fw-la edelredo_fw-la et_fw-la gravi_fw-la exactione_n totum_fw-la regnum_fw-la oppriment_fw-la 62._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n pa_v this_o censure_n on_o it_o and_o the_o unhappy_a consequence_n of_o it_o dane_n omnes_fw-la portus_fw-la infestantibus_fw-la &_o levitate_fw-la piratica_fw-la ubique_fw-la infestantibus_fw-la dum_fw-la nesciretur_fw-la ubi_fw-la eye_n occurrere_fw-la debent_fw-la decretum_fw-la à _fw-la syriaco_fw-it archiepiepiscopo_n etc._n etc._n ut_fw-la repellerentur_fw-la argento_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la poterunt_fw-la ferro_fw-la ita_fw-la decem_fw-la milliâ—_n librarum_fw-la soluta_fw-la cupiditatem_fw-la danorum_fw-la explâ—â—ere_fw-la exemplum_fw-la infamiae_fw-la et_fw-la viris_fw-la indignnm_fw-la libertatem_fw-la pecunia_fw-la redimere_fw-la quam_fw-la ab_fw-la inuicto_fw-la animo_fw-la nulla_fw-la violentia_fw-la possit_fw-la excutere_fw-la et_fw-la tunc_fw-la quidem_fw-la palisper_n ab_fw-la incurâ—â—bus_fw-la cestarunt_fw-la mox_fw-la ubi_fw-la vires_fw-la otio_fw-la resumpserunt_fw-la ad_fw-la superiora_fw-la reditum_fw-la tantus_fw-la timor_fw-la anglos_n invaserat_fw-la ut_fw-la nihil_fw-la de_fw-la resistendo_fw-la cogitarent_fw-la si_fw-mi qui_fw-la antiquae_fw-la gloriae_fw-la memores_fw-la obviare_fw-la &_o â—â—gna_fw-la colligere_fw-la tentassent_fw-la hostium_fw-la multitudine_fw-la &_o sociorum_fw-la defectione_n destituebantur_fw-la whereby_o they_o become_v vassal_n and_o tributary_n to_o the_o 203._o insult_a dane_n cujus_fw-la siricii_n consilio_fw-la in_o gestis_fw-la regum_fw-la dixi_fw-la ethelredum_fw-la regem_fw-la animi_fw-la libertatem_fw-la danis_n pretio_fw-la â—endicasse_fw-la ut_fw-la eoruâ—_n pacem_fw-la argento_fw-la redimerent_fw-la quod_fw-la ferro_fw-la repellere_fw-la posseâ—â—_n
saint_n he_o fall_v off_o from_o his_o horse_n and_o continue_v in_o great_a torment_n till_o night_n and_o so_o end_v his_o life_n with_o a_o miserable_a death_n knighton_n swain_n be_v deâ—d_v the_o whole_a navy_n and_o nation_n 1014._o of_o the_o dane_n elect_v and_o make_v â—…te_v his_o son_n their_o king_n and_o lord_n 〈…〉_z majores_fw-la natu_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la the_o noble_n and_o senator_n of_o all_o england_n like_v nothing_o â—eâ—s_v than_o bondage_n especial_o under_o such_o new_a tyrannize_a foreign_a intrâ—…_n think_v it_o now_o or_o never_o the_o time_n to_o shake_v ofâ—_n their_o new_a yoke_n pronounce_v their_o natural_a lord_n to_o be_v dear_a to_o they_o than_o any_o foreiner_n si_fw-mi regalius_fw-la se_fw-la quam_fw-la consuâ—verat_fw-la ageret_fw-la whereupon_o with_o unanimous_a consent_n and_o great_a joy_n and_o speed_n they_o send_v messenger_n â—…o_o normandy_n to_o ethelred_n to_o inform_v he_o nullum_fw-la eo_fw-la libentius_fw-la se_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la recepturos_fw-la si_fw-la ipse_fw-la vel_fw-la rectius_fw-la gubernare_fw-la vel_fw-la mitius_fw-la eos_fw-la tractare_fw-la vellet_fw-la quam_fw-la prius_fw-la tractaverat_fw-la and_o to_o hasten_v his_o return_n unto_o 8._o they_o who_o thereupon_o present_o send_v over_o his_o son_n edward_n qui_fw-la fidem_fw-la principum_fw-la favoremque_fw-la vulgi_fw-la praesens_fw-la specularetur_fw-la who_o together_o with_o his_o ambassador_n assure_v both_o the_o noble_n and_o commons_o of_o the_o english_a nation_n that_o he_o will_v for_o time_n to_o come_v be_v their_o mild_a and_o devout_a lord_n consent_n to_o their_o will_n in_o all_o thing_n acquiesce_v in_o their_o counsel_n and_o if_o he_o have_v offend_v in_o any_o kind_n he_o will_v reform_v it_o according_a as_o they_o shall_v think_v fit_a and_o with_o a_o ready_a mind_n pardon_v whatsoever_o have_v be_v contemptuous_o or_o disgraceful_o speak_v or_o act_v by_o they_o against_o he_o or_o he_o if_o they_o will_v all_o unanimous_o receive_v he_o again_o as_o their_o king_n into_o the_o kingdom_n to_o which_o they_o all_o give_v a_o favourable_a and_o satisfactory_a answer_n whereupon_o a_o plenary_a reconciliation_n be_v ratify_v between_o they_o on_o both_o side_n both_v by_o word_n and_o compact_a moreover_o 171._o the_o noble_n unanimous_o and_o free_o agree_v and_o vote_v that_o they_o will_v never_o more_o admit_v a_o danish_a king_n into_o england_n to_o reign_v over_o they_o these_o thing_n conclude_v king_n ethelred_n speedy_o return_v into_o england_n where_o he_o be_v honourable_o and_o joyful_o receive_v by_o the_o english_a and_o that_o he_o may_v seem_v to_o cast_v off_o his_o former_a sloathfulness_n he_o hasten_v to_o raise_v a_o army_n against_o cnute_n who_o remain_v with_o his_o navy_n in_o lindesey_n make_v a_o agreement_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n exact_v man_n and_o horse_n from_o they_o that_o he_o may_v surprise_v ethelred_n at_o unaware_o and_o threaten_v grievous_o to_o punish_v all_o such_o as_o revolt_v from_o he_o but_o cnute_n be_v take_v in_o his_o own_o craft_n ethelred_n march_v thither_o with_o a_o strong_a army_n before_o he_o be_v provide_v to_o receive_v he_o flee_v from_o thence_o with_o his_o hostage_n army_n and_o navy_n to_o sandwich_n whereupon_o ethelred_n depopulate_v all_o lindesey_n waste_v the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n slay_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o traitor_n to_o he_o and_o their_o native_a country_n cnute_n by_o way_n of_o revenge_n humano_fw-la et_fw-la divino_fw-la jure_fw-la contempto_fw-la in_o insontes_fw-la grassatus_fw-la cut_v off_o the_o hand_n and_o ear_n and_o â—â—its_v the_o nose_n of_o all_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o beautiful_a hostage_n throughout_o england_n give_v to_o his_o father_n and_o so_o dismiss_v they_o sail_v into_o denmark_n to_o settle_v his_o affair_n and_o augment_v his_o source_n resolve_v to_o return_v the_o year_n follow_v after_o his_o departure_n 382._o king_n ethelred_n this_o very_a year_n super_fw-la haec_fw-la omne_fw-la mala_fw-la classi_fw-la quae_fw-la apud_fw-la greenwic_n â—acuiâ—_n tributum_fw-la quod_fw-la erat_fw-la 30._o millia_fw-la librarum_fw-la pendi_fw-la mandavit_fw-la to_o wit_n to_o the_o fleet_n under_o turkell_n the_o dane_n who_o instead_o of_o defend_v do_v but_o 1._o help_v to_o pillage_n and_o oppress_v the_o english_a huntindon_n write_v it_o be_v but_o 21_o thousand_o pound_n and_o bromton_n aver_v that_o it_o be_v cnute_n not_o ethelred_n who_o command_v it_o to_o be_v pay_v to_o his_o navy_n soon_o after_o which_o the_o sea_n rise_v high_a than_o it_o be_v accustom_v drown_v a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o village_n people_n and_o cartel_n after_o cnutes_n departure_n speed_n king_n ethelred_n summon_v a_o parliamentary_a council_n at_o oxford_n anno_fw-la 1015_o 1015._o both_o of_o the_o dane_n and_o english_a malmsbury_n express_o style_v it_o magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la wigorniensis_fw-la hoveden_n sim._n dunelmensis_n magnum_fw-la placitum_fw-la matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o magnum_fw-la colloquium_fw-la our_o late_a english_z historian_n a_o great_a council_n and_o parliament_n the_o king_n by_o the_o ill_a advice_n of_o that_o arch_a traitor_n duke_n edric_n at_o this_o great_a council_n command_v some_o noble_n of_o the_o dane_n to_o be_v sudden_o and_o secret_o slay_v quasi_fw-la de_fw-la regius_fw-la proditione_n notatos_fw-la ac_fw-la persidiae_fw-la apud_fw-la se_fw-la insimulatos_fw-la the_o chief_a of_o they_o be_v sygeforth_o and_o morcar_n who_o edric_n treacherous_o invite_v to_o his_o chamber_n and_o there_o make_v they_o drink_v cause_v his_o arm_a guard_n there_o place_v secret_o to_o murder_v they_o which_o they_o do_v hereupon_o their_o servant_n endeavour_v to_o revenge_v their_o lord_n death_n be_v digniores_fw-la et_fw-la potentiores_fw-la ex_fw-la seovengensibus_fw-la they_o be_v repulse_v with_o arm_n and_o force_v to_o sly_a into_o the_o tower_n of_o st._n frideswides_n church_n for_o safety_n whence_o when_o they_o can_v not_o be_v forcible_o expel_v they_o be_v all_o there_o burn_v together_o the_o king_n present_o seize_v upon_o their_o land_n and_o good_n the_o chief_a cause_n of_o their_o murder_n as_o some_o conceive_v and_o send_v the_o relict_n of_o sygeforth_o a_o very_a noble_a beautiful_a and_o virtuous_a lady_n prisoner_n to_o malmsbury_n whither_o edmond_n the_o king_n base_a son_n as_o some_o affirm_v post_v without_o his_o father_n privity_n and_o be_v enamour_v with_o her_o beauty_n first_o carnal_o abuse_v then_o afterward_o marry_v she_o and_o by_o her_o advice_n forcible_o invade_v and_o seize_v upon_o the_o land_n of_o her_o husband_n and_o morcar_n which_o be_v very_o great_a and_o the_o earldom_n of_o northumberland_n which_o his_o father_n deny_v he_o upon_o his_o request_n whereupon_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o county_n ready_o submit_v to_o he_o while_o these_o thing_n be_v act_v d_o cnute_n have_v settle_v his_o affair_n in_o denmark_n daniel_n and_o make_v a_o league_n with_o his_o neighbour_n king_n recruire_v his_o army_n and_o navy_n and_o return_v into_o england_n with_o a_o resolution_n either_o to_o win_v it_o or_o to_o lose_v his_o life_n in_o the_o attempt_n arrive_v first_o at_o sandwich_n and_o sail_v thence_o to_o the_o west_n he_o pillage_v dorsetshire_n somersetshire_n and_o wiltshire_n fill_v all_o place_n with_o slaughter_n and_o plunder_n king_n ethelred_n lie_v then_o sick_a at_o cosham_n his_o son_n edmond_n ironside_n and_o duke_n edric_n raise_v a_o army_n against_o cnute_n but_o when_o both_o their_o force_n be_v unite_v to_o fight_v he_o the_o old_a perfidious_a traitor_n edric_n endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o betray_v edmond_n to_o the_o dane_n or_o treacherous_o to_o slay_v he_o which_o be_v discover_v to_o edmond_n thereupon_o they_o sever_v their_o force_n from_o each_o other_o and_o give_v place_n to_o the_o enemy_n without_o give_v they_o battle_n not_o long_o after_o edric_n entice_v to_o he_o 40_o of_o the_o king_n ship_n furnish_v with_o danish_a mariner_n and_o soldier_n open_o revolt_v and_o go_v with_o they_o to_o cnute_n subject_v himself_o to_o his_o dominion_n as_o his_o sovereign_n by_o who_o example_n all_o west-sex_n submit_v to_o he_o as_o their_o king_n deliver_v he_o hostage_n for_o their_o fidelity_n resign_v up_o all_o their_o arm_n to_o he_o and_o provide_v both_o horse_n and_o arm_n for_o his_o danish_a army_n the_o mercian_n offer_v themselves_o alone_o to_o resist_v the_o dane_n but_o through_o the_o king_n sloathfulness_n the_o business_n of_o war_n receive_v delay_v and_o the_o enemy_n proceed_v in_o their_o rapine_n without_o opposition_n in_o the_o year_n 1016._o king_n cnute_n and_o treacherous_a 1016._o duke_n edric_n come_v with_o 200_o sail_n of_o ship_n into_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n whence_o they_o march_v by_o land_n with_o a_o great_a army_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o invade_v mercia_n in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n burn_v all_o the_o town_n and_o village_n and_o slay_v all_o the_o man_n they_o meet_v with_o in_o warwickshire_n and_o other_o place_n whereupon_o king_n ethelred_n as_o
huntindon_n wigorniensis_n and_o other_o record_v make_v a_o edict_n ut_fw-la quicunque_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sanus_fw-la esset_fw-la secum_fw-la 8._o in_o bello_fw-la procederet_fw-la that_o every_o englishman_n who_o be_v in_o health_n shall_v go_v with_o he_o in_o battle_n against_o the_o dane_n a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o people_n upon_o this_o assemble_v together_o to_o assist_v he_o but_o when_o he_o and_o his_o son_n edmond_n force_n be_v conjoin_v in_o one_o body_n the_o king_n be_v inform_v that_o some_o of_o his_o auxiliaries_n be_v ready_a to_o betray_v and_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o the_o enemy_n unless_o he_o take_v care_n to_o prevent_v it_o and_o save_v himself_o and_o as_o some_o write_v the_o mercian_n refuse_v to_o fight_v with_o the_o westsaxons_a and_o dane_n whereupon_o the_o expedition_n be_v give_v over_o and_o every_o man_n return_v to_o his_o own_o home_n after_o this_o edmund_n ironside_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n than_o before_o against_o cnute_n and_o send_v messenger_n to_o king_n ethelred_n to_o london_n to_o raise_v as_o many_o man_n as_o possible_a he_o can_v and_o speedy_o to_o come_v and_o join_v with_o he_o against_o the_o dane_n but_o he_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v betray_v to_o the_o enemy_n present_o dismiss_v the_o army_n without_o fight_v and_o return_v to_o london_n hereupon_o ed._n ironside_n go_v into_o northumberland_n where_o some_o imagine_v he_o will_v raise_v a_o great_a army_n against_o cnute_n the_o dane_n but_o he_o and_o vhtred_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n instead_o of_o encounter_v cnute_n waste_v the_o county_n of_o stafford_n shrewsbury_n and_o leicester_n because_o they_o will_v not_o go_v forth_o to_o fight_v against_o the_o dane_n army_n in_o defence_n of_o 8._o their_o country_n and_o king_n cnute_n on_o the_o other_o side_n waste_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n the_o county_n of_o buckingham_n bedford_z huntindon_n northampton_n lincoln_n nottingham_n and_o after_o that_o northumberland_n which_o edmond_n be_v inform_v of_o return_v to_o london_n to_o his_o father_n and_o earl_n uhtre_v return_v home_n be_v compel_v by_o necessity_n repair_v to_o cnute_n and_o submit_v himself_o to_o he_o with_o all_o the_o northumbrian_n make_v a_o peace_n with_o he_o and_o give_v he_o hostage_n for_o performance_n thereof_o and_o for_o he_o and_o their_o fidelity_n not_o long_o after_o uhtre_v and_o turketel_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n be_v both_o treacherous_o slay_v by_o turebrand_n a_o dane_n by_o cnutes_n command_n or_o commission_n which_o do_v cnute_n make_v one_o hirc_n some_o style_v he_o egric_fw-la earl_n of_o northumberland_n in_o his_o place_n and_o then_o return_v with_o all_o his_o army_n to_o his_o ship_n in_o triumph_n a_o little_a before_o the_o feast_n of_o easter_n with_o a_o very_a great_a booty_n not_o long_o after_o king_n ethelred_n bear_v to_o trouble_n and_o mischief_n after_o manifold_a labour_n vexation_n treachery_n and_o incessant_a tribulation_n end_v his_o wretched_a life_n in_o london_n where_o he_o die_v may_n 9th_o anno_fw-la 1016._o being_n there_o bury_v in_o st_n paul_n church_n find_v rest_n in_o his_o grave_n by_o death_n which_o he_o can_v never_o find_v in_o his_o throne_n all_o his_o life_n have_v attain_v it_o by_o treachery_n and_o his_o brother_n sovereign_n murder_n 10._o who_o ghost_n as_o malmesbury_n and_o other_o write_v do_v perpetual_o vex_v and_o haunt_v he_o all_o his_o reign_n and_o make_v he_o so_o subject_a to_o and_o fearful_a of_o plot_n and_o treachery_n that_o he_o know_v not_o who_o to_o trust_v nor_o ever_o deem_v himself_o secure_a even_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o oft_o raise_a army_n noble_n people_z though_o ready_a to_o adventure_v their_o life_n for_o his_o defence_n i_o have_v relate_v these_o passage_n of_o the_o danish_a war_n and_o invasion_n during_o ethelreds_n reign_n more_o large_o than_o i_o intend_v 1._o because_o on_o the_o englishmâ—ns_n part_n they_o be_v mere_o defensive_a of_o their_o native_a country_n king_n law_n liberty_n property_n estate_n life_n against_o foreign_a invader_n and_o â—…rpers_n 2_o because_o they_o more_o or_o less_o relate_v to_o my_o forementioned_a proposition_n touch-the_a fundamental_a right_n liberty_n property_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n 3_o because_o they_o show_v forth_o unto_o we_o the_o true_a original_a ground_n cause_n motive_n necessity_n and_o manner_n of_o grant_v the_o very_a first_o civil_a tax_n and_o tribute_n mention_v in_o our_o history_n by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n in_o their_o general_n council_n to_o the_o danish_a invader_n to_o purchase_v peace_n and_o the_o true_a nature_n use_v of_o our_o ancient_a danegelt_n and_o rectify_v some_o mistake_n in_o our_o common_a late_a english_a historian_n immediate_o after_o king_n ethelreds_n decease_n spelm._n episcopi_fw-la 1016._o abbates_n deuce_n et_fw-la quique_fw-la nobiliores_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la congregati_fw-la as_o wigornienâ—…s_n hoveden_n â—…n_o duneâ—…s_v râ—…us_fw-fr de_fw-fr diceâ—o_n bromton_n or_o maxima_fw-la pars_fw-la regni_fw-la tam_fw-la clericorum_fw-la quam_fw-la laicorum_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la congregati_fw-la 〈◊〉_d matthew_n westminster_n or_o proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la clero_fw-la as_o knyghton_n express_v it_o pari_fw-la consensu_fw-la in_o dominum_fw-la et_fw-la regem_fw-la canntum_fw-la eligere_fw-la all_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n duke_n and_o noble_n of_o england_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o chief_a clergy_n and_o laity_n assemble_v together_o in_o a_o kind_n of_o parliamentary_a council_n by_o unanimous_a conient_a elect_a cnute_n for_o their_o lord_n and_o king_n notwithstanding_o their_o solemn_a vow_n and_o engagement_n but_o the_o year_n before_o never_o to_o suffer_v a_o danish_a king_n to_o reign_v over_o they_o whereupon_o they_o all_o repair_v â—o_o cnute_n to_o southampton_n speed_n omnemque_fw-la progeniem_fw-la regis_fw-la ethelredi_fw-la coram_fw-la illo_fw-la abhorrentes_fw-la et_fw-la abnegando_fw-la repudiantes_fw-la as_o wigorâ—iâ—â—_n sis_fw-la huntindon_n knyghton_n and_o other_o record_v and_o there_o in_o his_o presence_n abhor_v and_o utter_o renounce_v and_o abjure_v all_o the_o progeny_n of_o king_n ethelred_n they_o submit_v themselves_o and_o swear_v â—eâ—lty_a to_o he_o as_o to_o their_o only_a king_n and_o sovereign_a he_o reciprocal_o then_o swear_v unto_o they_o that_o he_o will_v be_v a_o faithful_a lord_n unto_o they_o both_o in_o thing_n appertain_v to_o god_n and_o the_o world_n which_o our_o historian_n thus_o express_v quibus_fw-la ille_fw-la jurauâ—t_fw-la quoa_o &_o secundum_fw-la deum_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la seculum_fw-la fidelis_fw-la illis_fw-la foret_fw-la dominus_fw-la only_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o part_n of_o the_o noble_n then_o in_o it_o unanimous_o choose_v and_o cry_v up_o ed._n ironside_n king_n ethelreds_n 3._o son_n by_o elgina_n his_o first_o 8._o wife_n daughter_n to_o duke_n thore_v as_o speed_n and_o other_o relate_v though_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o register_v his_o birth_n non_fw-la ex_fw-la emma_n regma_n sed_fw-la ex_fw-la quadam_fw-la ignobili_fw-la foemina_fw-la generatus_fw-la qui_fw-la utique_fw-la matris_fw-la suae_fw-la ignobilitatem_fw-la generis_fw-la mentis_fw-la ingenuitate_fw-la &_o corporis_fw-la strâ—…it_fw-la te_fw-la redintegrando_fw-la redemit_fw-la after_o edmond_n election_n he_o be_v crown_v king_n by_o live_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n at_o kingston_n upon_o thames_n where_o our_o king_n in_o that_o age_n be_v usual_o crown_v no_o soon_o be_v he_o thus_o advance_v to_o the_o regal_a dignity_n but_o he_o present_o march_v undaunted_o into_o west-sex_n and_o be_v there_o receive_v by_o all_o the_o people_n with_o great_a gratulation_n and_o joy_n he_o most_o speedy_o subject_v it_o to_o his_o dominion_n which_o be_v divulge_v in_o other_o part_n many_o county_n of_o england_n desert_v cnute_n voluntary_o submit_v themselves_o unto_o he_o such_o be_v the_o sickleness_n of_o the_o people_n &_o unconstancy_n of_o worldly_a power_n and_o affair_n â—nutâ—_n cnute_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o be_v revenge_v of_o the_o londoner_n for_o make_v edmond_n king_n march_v to_o london_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n and_o fleet_n besiege_v and_o block_v up_o the_o city_n with_o his_o ship_n draw_v up_o the_o thames_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o bridge_n and_o then_o draw_v a_o large_a and_o deep_a trench_n round_o about_o the_o city_n from_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o river_n whereby_o he_o intercept_v all_o ingress_n and_o egress_n to_o the_o citizen_n and_o other_o who_o he_o shut_v up_o so_o close_o that_o none_o can_v go_v in_o or_o out_o of_o the_o city_n and_o endeavour_v by_o many_o strong_a assault_n to_o force_v it_o but_o be_v still_o repulse_v by_o the_o citizen_n who_o valiant_o defend_v the_o wall_n he_o leave_v off_o the_o siege_n with_o great_a confusion_n and_o loss_n as_o well_o as_o dishonour_v thence_o he_o march_v with_o his_o army_n into_o dorsetshire_n to_o subdue_v it_o where_o king_n edmond_n meet_v he_o with_o such_o force_n as_o he_o can_v sudden_o raise_v give_v he_o battle_n at_o penham_n near_o gillingham_n where_o
feast_n appoint_v under_o pain_n of_o the_o penalty_n inflict_v by_o the_o law_n which_o he_o will_v strict_o exact_v without_o pardon_n neither_o be_v he_o worse_a than_o his_o word_n write_v 11_o malmsbury_n for_o he_o command_v all_o the_o law_n make_v by_o ancient_a king_n and_o especial_o by_o his_o predecessor_n king_n ethelred_n to_o be_v for_o ever_o observe_v under_o pain_n of_o a_o regal_a mulct_n to_o the_o custody_n of_o all_o which_o ancient_a law_n even_o now_o write_v he_o our_o king_n be_v swear_v under_o the_o name_n of_o king_n edward_n law_n non_fw-la quod_fw-la illa_fw-la statuerit_fw-la sed_fw-la observaverit_fw-la and_o 408._o matthew_n westminster_n record_v further_a vicecomitibus_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la et_fw-la praepositis_fw-la districtè_fw-la mandauâ—_n ut_fw-la nulli_fw-la hominum_fw-la vim_o inferant_fw-la nec_fw-la propter_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la fisco_fw-la reponendam_fw-la in_o aliqu_fw-la o_o a_o justitia_fw-la deviant_fw-la dum_fw-la non_fw-la habeat_fw-la necessitatem_fw-la de_fw-la peccato_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la adaugere_fw-la if_o this_o foreign_a danish_a conqueror_n and_o usnrper_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n qnod_n bellico_fw-la jure_fw-la obtinebat_fw-la et_fw-la armorum_fw-la violentia_fw-la as_o 1782._o william_n thorne_n record_v be_v at_o last_o so_o just_a and_o equal_a to_o the_o english_a as_o to_o reform_v all_o his_o former_a extravagant_a act_n of_o injustice_n exaction_n oppression_n to_o release_v all_o unjust_a tax_n exaction_n oppression_n and_o not_o to_o exact_v or_o raise_v any_o money_n unjust_o on_o the_o people_n upon_o any_o real_a or_o pretend_a necessity_n without_o their_o common_a consent_n in_o parliament_n by_o any_o of_o his_o officer_n shall_v not_o out_o own_o english_a conqueror_n &_o domineer_a grandee_n now_o much_o more_o imitate_v this_o his_o laudable_a example_n who_o pretend_v not_o only_o to_o equal_v but_o exceed_v he_o in_o saintship_n justice_n devotion_n &_o no_o long_o to_o oppress_v the_o grieve_a people_n with_o their_o arbitrary_a tyrannical_a tax_n excise_n impost_n extravaganr_v violent_a poceeding_n in_o new_a way_n of_o high_a injustice_n as_o hitherto_o they_o have_v do_v against_o all_o their_o oath_n covenant_n declaration_n promise_n and_o engagement_n to_o the_o nation_n king_n cnute_n return_v from_o rome_n into_o england_n 1032._o anno_fw-la 1032._o treat_v the_o english_a very_o just_o and_o civil_o 893._o confess_v redress_v his_o own_o former_a and_o his_o ancestor_n extortion_n oppression_n rapine_n endow_v many_o monastery_n with_o land_n and_o privilege_n and_o ratify_v they_o with_o his_o charter_n hereupon_o brithmerus_fw-la abbot_n of_o croyland_n cum_fw-la cnutonem_fw-la regem_fw-la super_fw-la angliam_fw-la stabilitum_fw-la cerneret_fw-la universos_fw-la anglio_n civiliter_fw-la &_o satis_fw-la amicabiliter_fw-la tractare_fw-la insuper_fw-la sanctam_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la speciali_fw-la devotione_fw-la deligere_fw-la ac_fw-la filiali_fw-la subjectione_n honorare_fw-la monaste_fw-la riis_fw-la multisque_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la locis_fw-la benè_fw-la facere_fw-la quaedam_fw-la verò_fw-la monasteria_fw-la ad_fw-la summam_fw-la gloriam_fw-la promovere_fw-la there_o upon_o resolve_v to_o go_v to_o the_o king_n &_o procure_v his_o charter_n of_o confirmation_n of_o the_o abbey_n land_n &_o liberty_n of_o croyland_n quorundam_fw-la adversariorum_fw-la qui_fw-la tempore_fw-la guerrae_fw-la multum_fw-la creverant_fw-la vim_o formidans_fw-la which_o charter_n he_o ready_o obtain_v in_o these_o memorable_a word_n wherein_o he_o acknowledge_v his_o rapine_n and_o bloodshed_n to_o posterity_n cnutus_n rex_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o danmarchiae_fw-la &_o norwagiae_fw-la &_o magnae_fw-la partis_fw-la swavorum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la provinciis_fw-la nationibus_fw-la &_o populis_fw-la meae_fw-la potestati_fw-la subjectis_fw-la 4._o tam_fw-la minoribus_fw-la quam_fw-la majoribus_fw-la salutem_fw-la cum_fw-la terram_fw-la angliae_fw-la progenitores_fw-la mei_fw-la &_o parent_n duris_n extortionibus_fw-la &_o diris_fw-la depraedationibus_fw-la saepius_fw-la oppresserunt_fw-la et_fw-la fateor_fw-la innocentem_fw-la sanguinem_fw-la frequent_a in_o ea_fw-la effuderunt_fw-la studium_fw-la meum_fw-la a_o principio_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o semper_fw-la erit_fw-la in_o futurum_fw-la tam_fw-la penes_fw-la caelum_fw-la quam_fw-la penes_fw-la seculum_fw-la propter_fw-la haec_fw-la mea_fw-la peccata_fw-la et_fw-la parentum_fw-la meorumsatisfacere_fw-la &_o statum_fw-la totius_fw-la sanctae_fw-la matris_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la &_o uniuscujusque_fw-la monasterii_fw-la sub_fw-la imperio_fw-la meo_fw-la constituti_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o aliquo_fw-la meo_fw-la patrocinio_fw-la indiguerint_fw-la devotione_fw-la debita_fw-la emendare_fw-la omnesque_fw-la sanctos_fw-la dei_fw-la per_fw-la haec_fw-la &_o alia_fw-la bona_fw-la opera_fw-la mihi_fw-la in_o meis_fw-la necessitatibus_fw-la reddere_fw-la benignos_fw-la ac_fw-la deprecationibus_fw-la meis_fw-la favorabiles_fw-la &_o placatos_fw-la ideo_fw-la in_o arras_n huius_fw-la meae_fw-la satisfactionis_fw-la offero_fw-la sancto_fw-la guâ—hlaco_n de_fw-fr croyland_n &_o caeteris_fw-la sanctis_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la loci_fw-la de_fw-la substantia_fw-la mea_fw-la unum_fw-la calicem_fw-la confirmans_fw-la brithmero_fw-la abbati_n &_o monachis_fw-la suis_fw-la totum_fw-la monasterium_fw-la suum_fw-la croylandiae_fw-la cum_fw-la insula_fw-la circumjacente_fw-la &_o duobus_fw-la mariscis_fw-la adjacentibus_fw-la scilicet_fw-la arderlound_n &_o goggislound_n eisdem_fw-la terminis_fw-la &_o limitibus_fw-la quibus_fw-la in_o chirographo_fw-la inclyti_fw-la quondam_a regis_n edredi_n restauratoris_fw-la svi_fw-la dicta_fw-la insula_fw-la dictique_fw-la duo_fw-la marisci_fw-la satis_fw-la apertè_fw-la describuntur_fw-la confirmo_fw-la etiam_fw-la omnes_fw-la ecclesias_fw-la &_o capellas_n terras_fw-la &_o tenementa_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o privilegia_fw-la in_o ejusdem_fw-la regis_fw-la chirographo_fw-la contenta_fw-la cum_fw-la quibus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la dictus_fw-la rex_fw-la edredus_fw-la dictum_fw-la monasterium_fw-la croylandiae_fw-la ad_fw-la honorem_fw-la dei_fw-la &_o s._n guthlaci_n confessoris_fw-la svi_fw-la corporaliter_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la requie_n scentis_fw-la dotavit_fw-la donavit_fw-la ditavit_fw-la &_o svo_fw-la chirographo_fw-la confirmavit_fw-la nullusque_fw-la hominum_fw-la meorum_fw-la audeat_fw-la à _fw-la modo_fw-la dictos_fw-la monachos_fw-la inquietare_fw-la vel_fw-la in_o aliquo_fw-la conturbare_fw-la proprae_fw-la dictis_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la facere_fw-la praesumserit_fw-la vel_fw-la tentaverit_fw-la usurpare_fw-la vel_fw-la gladii_fw-la mei_fw-la sentiet_fw-la aciem_fw-la vel_fw-la gladii_fw-la paenam_fw-la sacrilegis_fw-la debitam_fw-la subibitabsque_fw-la omni_fw-la remissione_n &_o redemptione_n puniendus_fw-la juxta_fw-la modum_fw-la et_fw-la mensuram_fw-la injuriae_fw-la dictis_fw-la monachis_fw-la irrogatae_fw-la ego_fw-la cnutus_n rex_fw-la anno_fw-la dominicae_fw-la incarnationis_fw-la 1032._o londoniis_fw-la istud_fw-la meum_fw-la chirographum_fw-la signo_fw-la sanctae_fw-la crucis_fw-la confirmavi_fw-la ✚_o than_o follow_v the_o subscription_n of_o both_o the_o archbishop_n sundry_a bishop_n abbot_n earl_n and_o other_o the_o same_o year_n 1012._o king_n cnute_n grant_v and_o con_v 517._o firm_v to_o the_o abbot_n of_o glastonbury_n the_o conusance_n of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a and_o secular_a cause_n within_o the_o island_n of_o glastonbury_n by_o a_o special_a charter_n cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la &_o deereto_o archipraesulis_fw-la nostri_fw-la edâ—lnâ—thâ—_n â—mulque_fw-fr cunctâ—…m_fw-la dei_fw-la sacerdotum_fw-la &_o consensu_fw-la optimatum_fw-la meorum_fw-la 10._o as_o the_o word_n of_o the_o charter_n atten_n to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v be_v valid_a in_o law_n and_o the_o self_n same_o year_n king_n cnute_n command_v elstan_n abbot_n of_o sâ—_n augustine_n in_o canterbury_n to_o repair_v to_o he_o at_o the_o feast_n of_o pentecost_n concern_v the_o translation_n of_o the_o corpse_n of_o st._n mildretha_n to_o that_o monastery_n ut_fw-la translationem_fw-la faciendam_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la per_fw-la concessionem_fw-la procerum_fw-la &_o per_fw-la literas_fw-la svas_fw-la firmius_fw-la confirmaret_fw-la as_o 2127._o william_n thorn_n in_o his_o chronicle_n relate_v king_n cnute_n in_o the_o year_n 1033._o on_o the_o feast_n of_o christ_n 1033._o nativity_n hold_v a_o parliamentary_a conncil_n at_o winchester_n 212._o where_o venerando_fw-la sapientum_fw-la ejus_fw-la eonsilio_fw-la by_o the_o venerable_a counsel_n of_o his_o wiseman_n he_o make_v and_o publish_v sundry_a excellent_a ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a law_n for_o the_o good_a government_n of_o the_o church_n and_o realm_n to_o the_o praise_n of_o god_n the_o honour_n of_o his_o regality_n and_o common_a good_a of_o the_o people_n be_v 103_o in_o the_o saxon_a and_o 110_o in_o the_o latin_a copy_n his_o 61_o ecclesiastical_a law_n thus_o resolve_v against_o the_o anti-magistratical_a opinion_n of_o this_o licentious_a age_n christiano_n regi_fw-la jure_fw-la pertinet_fw-la 4._o ut_fw-la injurias_fw-la deo_fw-la factas_fw-la vindicet_fw-la secundum_fw-la quod_fw-la acciderit_fw-la his_o civil_a law_n begin_v thus_o haec_fw-la est_fw-la institutio_fw-la legum_n secularium_fw-la quam_fw-la communi_fw-la sapientum_fw-la meorum_fw-la consilio_fw-la per_fw-la totam_fw-la angliam_fw-la tâ—n_fw-la ri_fw-la proâ—…io_fw-la imp_n imis_fw-la volo_fw-la ut_fw-la justae_fw-la leges_fw-la erigantur_fw-la et_fw-la injustae_fw-la sub_fw-la vertantur_fw-la et_fw-la omnis_fw-la injustitia_fw-la modis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la sarculetuâ—_n &_o a_o modo_fw-la omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la dignus_fw-la publica_fw-la rectitudine_fw-la reputetur_fw-la pauper_fw-la &_o dive_v quicunque_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o eye_v justa_fw-la judicia_fw-la judicentur_fw-la i_o shall_v transcribe_v only_o some_o few_o of_o his_o law_n pertinent_a to_o my_o theme_n lex_fw-la 25._o prohibemus_fw-la ne_fw-la christianus_n aliquis_fw-la penitus_fw-la pro_fw-la parva_fw-la re_fw-la saltem_fw-la
then_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n godith_n to_o edward_n the_o young_a brother_n and_o to_o make_v he_o king_n as_o be_v of_o a_o more_o mild_a and_o simple_a disposition_n apt_a to_o be_v rule_v by_o he_o hereupon_o godwin_n go_v to_o southampton_n to_o meet_v with_o the_o two_o brother_n at_o their_o land_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o messenger_n send_v into_o normandy_n find_v only_o alfred_n there_o edward_n be_v then_o go_v into_o hungary_n to_o speak_v with_o his_o cousin_n edward_n the_o outlaw_n ironsides_n son_n when_o alfred_n hear_v these_o messenger_n tiding_n he_o thank_v god_n and_o in_o all_o have_v speed_v he_o to_o england_n arrive_v at_o southampton_n with_o some_o of_o his_o mother_n kindred_n and_o many_o of_o his_o fellow-soldier_n of_o like_a age_n who_o be_v norman_n whereupon_o godwin_n intimate_v to_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n that_o alfred_n have_v bring_v over_o too_o great_a a_o company_n of_o norman_n with_o he_o and_o have_v likewise_o promise_v the_o land_n of_o the_o englishman_n to_o they_o and_o therefore_o it_o will_v not_o be_v safe_a to_o instirpate_v such_o a_o valiant_a and_o crafty_a nation_n among_o they_o that_o these_o aught_o to_o undergo_v exemplary_a punishment_n lest_o other_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o alliance_n to_o the_o king_n shall_v presume_v to_o intrude_v themselves_o among_o the_o english_a and_o then_o post_v to_o southampton_n welcome_v and_o receive_v alfred_n with_o much_o joy_n pretend_v to_o conduct_v he_o safe_a to_o london_n where_o the_o baron_n wait_v for_o to_o make_v he_o king_n and_o expect_v his_o come_n and_o so_o they_o pass_v forth_o together_o towards_o london_n but_o when_o they_o come_v to_o guild-down_a godwin_n say_v to_o alfred_n look_v round_o about_o thou_o on_o thy_o right_a hand_n and_o leave_v and_o behold_v what_o a_o kingdom_n shall_v be_v subjugate_v to_o thy_o dominion_n upon_o which_o alfred_n give_v thanks_o to_o god_n present_o promise_v that_o if_o it_o happen_v hâ—_n shall_v be_v crown_v king_n he_o will_v constitute_v such_o law_n as_o shall_v be_v please_v and_o acceptable_a both_o to_o god_n and_o man._n which_o word_n be_v no_o soon_o utter_v but_o the_o traitor_n godwin_n command_v all_o his_o man_n to_o apprehend_v alfred_n and_o to_o slay_v all_o the_o norman_n that_o come_v with_o he_o in_o his_o company_n and_o after_o that_o to_o carry_v alfred_n into_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n and_o there_o to_o put_v out_o both_o his_o eye_n and_o to_o pull_v out_o his_o bowel_n which_o they_o according_o execute_v as_o aforesaid_a and_o so_o die_v this_o innocent_a alfred_n right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n through_o the_o treason_n of_o wicked_a godwin_n 211._o when_o the_o lord_n of_o england_n hear_v thereof_o and_o how_o alfred_n that_o shall_v have_v be_v their_o king_n be_v put_v to_o death_n through_o the_o false_a treason_n of_o godwin_n against_o their_o will_n tâ—…ey_n be_v wonderful_a â—orrow_n â—ll_o and_o wroth_a and_o swear_v before_o god_n and_o man_n that_o he_o shall_v die_v a_o worse_a death_n than_o do_v edric_n which_o destroy_v his_o lord_n edmond_n ironside_n and_o will_v immediate_o have_v put_v he_o to_o death_n but_o that_o the_o traitor_n flee_v and_o escape_v 8â—…_n into_o denmark_n and_o there_o continue_v 4._o year_n and_o more_o and_o lose_v all_o his_o land_n rent_n good_n and_o chattel_n in_o england_n confiscate_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n for_o this_o his_o treason_n these_o historian_n though_o they_o somewhat_o vary_v in_o the_o time_n and_o occasion_n of_o prince_n alfred_n death_n yet_o they_o all_o agree_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o he_o and_o of_o his_o norman_a soldier_n and_o companion_n treacherous_a barbarous_a murder_n by_o the_o joint_n or_o separate_a treachery_n of_o earl_n godwin_n and_o his_o son_n harold_n which_o how_o fatal_a it_o prove_v to_o they_o both_o by_o god_n avenge_a justice_n you_o shall_v hear_v in_o its_o due_a place_n and_o what_o divine_a vengeance_n it_o draw_v at_o last_o on_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n religious_a and_o judicious_a 210._o mr._n john_n fox_n inform_v we_o in_o these_o word_n this_o cruel_a fact_n of_o godwin_n and_o his_o man_n against_o the_o innocent_a norman_n whether_o it_o come_v of_o himself_o or_o of_o the_o king_n set_v on_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o justice_n of_o god_n do_v short_o after_o avenge_v the_o 8._o quarrel_n of_o these_o norman_n in_o conquer_a and_o subdue_a the_o english_a nationâ—…_n by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o the_o norman_n which_o come_v with_o he_o for_o so_o just_a and_o right_o it_o be_v that_o as_o the_o norman_n come_v with_o a_o natural_a english_a prince_n be_v murder_v of_o english_a man_n so_o afterward_o the_o englishman_n shall_v be_v slay_v and_o conquer_v by_o the_o norman_n come_v with_o a_o foreign_a king_n be_v none_o of_o their_o natural_a country_n after_o the_o banishment_n of_o queen_n emma_n out_o of_o and_o murder_n of_o 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own_o will_n and_o contrary_a to_o his_o royal_a estate_n go_v more_o willing_o on_o foot_n of_o which_o he_o be_v so_o swift_a that_o he_o be_v name_v harefoot_n than_o ride_v on_o horseback_n in_o his_o day_n there_o be_v render_v and_o pay_v to_o 16_o ship_n from_o every_o port_n not_o inland_n town_n 8._o mark_n of_o silver_n as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o father_n as_o 365._o henry_n huntindon_n record_v to_o which_o 425._o john_n speed_n subjoin_v this_o dane_n see_v his_o hazard_n prevent_v seek_v to_o secure_v himself_o and_o with_o 16_o ship_n of_o the_o danish_a fleet_n keep_v the_o sea_n which_o continue_v ever_o in_o a_o readiness_n and_o waft_v from_o port_n to_o port_n to_o the_o maintenance_n whereof_o he_o charge_v the_o english_a with_o great_a payment_n to_o their_o no_o little_a 1._o grudge_n and_o revile_v whereby_o he_o lose_v the_o love_n of_o his_o subject_n before_o it_o have_v take_v root_n in_o their_o heart_n neither_o hold_v he_o long_v those_o disloyal_a 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he_o to_o make_v haste_n into_o england_n and_o to_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o crown_n thereof_o whereupon_o he_o immediate_o consent_v to_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o noble_n come_v speedy_o into_o england_n with_o 60_o as_o some_o or_o 40_o ship_n as_o other_o write_v furnish_v with_o danish_a soldier_n and_o mariner_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a joy_n elect_a king_n both_o by_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n and_o solemnty_n crown_v at_o london_n by_o â—lnothus_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n soon_o after_o he_o command_v alfric_n archbishop_n of_o york_n earl_n godwin_n and_o other_o to_o dig_v up_o the_o inter_a corpse_n of_o his_o brother_n king_n harold_n out_o of_o his_o grave_n in_o london_n and_o his_o head_n to_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o hangman_n and_o then_o both_o head_n and_o corpse_n to_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o common_a sink_n and_o after_o that_o into_o the_o thames_n and_o that_o partly_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o injury_n
carry_v between_o his_o arm_n offering_z that_o to_o he_o for_o his_o trespass_n and_o submissive_o deprecate_v that_o he_o will_v pardon_v all_o his_o rancour_n and_o ill-will_n to_o the_o earl_n and_o receive_v his_o homage_n and_o fealty_n he_o will_v restore_v and_o redeliver_v his_o land_n entire_o to_o he_o unto_o which_o award_n they_o all_o according_a they_o all_o jade_a themselves_o with_o treasure_n in_o the_o manner_n aforesaid_a and_o go_v to_o the_o king_n declare_v unto_o he_o the_o order_n and_o manner_n of_o their_o judgement_n or_o award_n quorum_fw-la considerationi_fw-la rex_fw-la contradicere_fw-la nolens_fw-la quicquid_fw-la judicaverant_fw-la per_fw-la omnia_fw-la ratificavit_fw-la the_o king_n not_o willing_a to_o contradict_v they_o in_o any_o thing_n they_o have_v judge_v ratify_v the_o same_o in_o all_o thing_n a_o agreement_n therefore_o be_v make_v between_o they_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o earl_n present_o regain_v all_o his_o land_n the_o generality_n of_o our_o historian_n as_o bromton_n confess_v deny_v that_o godwin_n ever_o flee_v into_o denmark_n or_o leave_v england_n for_o the_o murder_n of_o alfred_n they_o general_o affirm_v graft_n that_o he_o purge_v himself_o thereof_o though_o false_o coram_fw-la proceribus_fw-la before_o the_o noble_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hardecnute_a swear_v with_o his_o compurgator_n that_o he_o never_o consent_v to_o his_o death_n nisi_fw-la regia_fw-la vi_o coactus_fw-la but_o through_o compulsion_n by_o royal_a violence_n record_v likewise_o that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n hardecnute_a prince_n edward_n be_v call_v out_o of_o normandy_n and_o elect_a king_n principal_o by_o the_o help_n and_o counsel_n of_o earl_n godwin_n himself_o who_o as_o malmesbury_n and_o other_o write_v persuade_v he_o to_o accept_v the_o crown_n and_o precontract_v with_o he_o before_o he_o come_v into_o england_n paciscatur_fw-la ergo_fw-la sibi_fw-la 80._o amicitiam_fw-la solidam_fw-la filiis_fw-la honores_fw-la integros_fw-la filiae_fw-la matrimonium_fw-la brevi_fw-la futurum_fw-la ut_fw-la se_fw-la regem_fw-la videat_fw-la qui_fw-la nunc_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la naufragus_fw-la exul_fw-la spei_fw-la alterius_fw-la opem_fw-la implorat_fw-la utrinque_fw-la fide_fw-la data_fw-la quicquid_fw-la petebatur_fw-la sacramento_fw-la firmavit_fw-la if_o there_o be_v then_o any_o such_o parliament_n as_o this_o then_o hold_v at_o london_n and_o such_o proceed_n in_o it_o concern_v godwin_n it_o be_v most_o probable_o in_o the_o year_n 1043._o as_o i_o here_o place_v it_o and_o from_o these_o memorable_a proceed_n in_o it_o we_o may_v observe_v 1._o that_o there_o be_v mention_v only_o of_o the_o king_n earls_z and_o baron_n present_a in_o this_o parliament_n as_o member_n of_o it_o not_o of_o any_o knight_n of_o shire_n citizen_n or_o burgess_n elect_v by_o the_o people_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o one_o syllable_n 2._o that_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n in_o parliament_n be_v the_o only_a judge_n in_o that_o age_n in_o parliament_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n subject_n both_o in_o criminal_a and_o other_o cause_n there_o decide_v 3._o that_o peer_n in_o that_o age_n be_v only_o try_v and_o judge_v by_o their_o peer_n for_o treason_n and_o capital_a offence_n 4._o that_o appeal_v of_o treason_n be_v then_o try_v in_o parliament_n and_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n the_o sole_a judge_n of_o they_o and_o of_o what_o offence_n be_v treason_n and_o what_o not_o 5._o that_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n in_o that_o age_n bid_v no_o vote_n in_o matter_n of_o treason_n and_o capital_a offence_n 6._o that_o the_o judgement_n of_o parliament_n than_o rest_v proper_o in_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n not_o the_o king_n and_o that_o their_o judgement_n be_v not_o repealable_a by_o but_o obligatory_a to_o the_o king_n himself_o 7._o that_o no_o subject_n can_v then_o by_o law_n wage_v battle_n against_o the_o king_n in_o a_o appeal_n 8._o that_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n than_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n in_o the_o time_n of_o harold_n a_o actual_a king_n by_o usurpation_n without_o any_o good_a title_n by_o his_o command_n be_v repute_v a_o treasonable_a offence_n in_o earl_n godwin_n for_o which_o he_o forfeit_v his_o land_n and_o be_v force_v to_o purchase_v his_o pardon_n and_o land_n restitution_n with_o a_o great_a fine_a and_o sum_n to_o the_o king_n 9_o that_o though_o the_o author_n of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n &_o caxton_n out_o of_o he_o style_v this_o assembly_n parliamentum_fw-la a_o parliament_n not_o a_o council_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o 1043._o according_a to_o the_o style_n of_o the_o age_n wherein_o he_o write_v be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o as_o 41._o mr._n selden_n prove_v not_o according_a to_o the_o dialect_n of_o the_o age_n wherein_o it_o be_v hold_v to_o which_o the_o term_n parliamentum_fw-la be_v a_o mere_a stranger_n and_o concilium_fw-la magnum_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o usual_a name_n express_v such_o assembly_n speed_n king_n edward_n anno_fw-la 1643._o immediate_o after_o his_o coronation_n come_v sudden_o from_o glocâ—ster_n to_o winchester_n attend_v with_o earl_n godwin_n siward_n and_o leofric_n and_o by_o their_o advice_n forcible_o take_v from_o his_o mother_n queen_n emma_n all_o her_o gold_n silver_z jewel_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o whatever_o rich_a thing_n else_o she_o possess_v command_v only_a necessary_n to_o be_v administer_v to_o she_o there_o the_o 4._o cause_n of_o which_o unjust_a act_n some_o affirm_v to_o be_v godwin_n malice_n towards_o she_o other_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v her_o unnaturalness_n to_o king_n ethelred_n her_o first_o husband_n and_o her_o own_o son_n by_o he_o alfred_n and_o edward_n in_o love_v and_o marry_v cnute_n their_o enemy_n and_o supplant_a when_o live_v and_o applaud_v he_o when_o dead_a more_o than_o ethelred_n in_o advance_v hardecnute_a her_o son_n by_o he_o to_o the_o crown_n and_o endeavour_v to_o deprive_v alfred_n &_o edward_n thereof_o in_o refuse_v to_o give_v any_o thing_n towards_o prince_n edw_n his_o maintenance_n while_o in_o exile_n and_o distress_n although_o he_o oft_o request_v she_o to_o supply_v his_o necessity_n in_o have_v some_o hand_n in_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n and_o endeavour_v to_o poison_v king_n edward_n himself_o as_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n relate_v after_o which_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n a_o norman_a bear_v he_o again_o spoil_v she_o of_o all_o she_o have_v and_o shut_v she_o up_o prisoner_n in_o the_o abbâ—y_n of_o werwel_o upon_o suspicion_n of_o incontinency_n with_o alwin_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n from_o which_o false_a imputation_n she_o purge_v herself_o and_o the_o bishop_n by_o pass_v barefoot_a over_o nine_o red_a hot_a ploughshare_n without_o any_o harm_n whereupon_o the_o king_n crave_v mercy_n and_o pardon_n from_o she_o for_o the_o infamy_n and_o injury_n do_v unto_o she_o for_o which_o he_o be_v discipline_v and_o whip_v by_o his_o mother_n and_o all_o the_o bishop_n there_o present_a anno_fw-la 1044._o 2._o there_o be_v generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la 1044._o celebratun_n a_o general_n council_n hold_v at_o london_n wherein_o wolmar_n be_v elect_v abbot_n of_o evesham_n and_o this_o year_n king_n edward_n de_fw-fr communi_fw-la concilio_n procerum_fw-la suorum_fw-la as_o bromton_n and_o other_o write_v most_o likely_a when_o assemble_v in_o the_o council_n at_o london_n marry_v edith_n daughter_n of_o earl_n godwin_n in_o patrocinium_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la he_o be_v the_o most_o potent_a man_n in_o all_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v in_o her_o breast_n a_o magazine_n of_o all_o liberal_a virtue_n and_o this_o same_o year_n most_o probable_a by_o this_o same_o council_n edict_n gunilda_n a_o noble_a matron_n king_n crute_n sâ—sters_n daughter_n with_o her_o two_o son_n hemming_n and_o thurkell_n be_v banish_v out_o of_o england_n into_o flanders_n from_o whence_o after_o a_o little_a stay_n they_o depart_v into_o denmark_n 1047._o king_n edward_n in_o the_o year_n 1045._o assemble_v together_o 1045._o to_o the_o port_n of_o sandwich_n a_o very_a numerous_a and_o strong_a navy_n against_o magnus_n king_n of_o norway_n purpose_v to_o invade_v engl._n but_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n than_o war_a upon_o he_o hinder_v his_o voyage_n for_o england_n the_o next_o year_n 1046._o osgodus_fw-la clapa_n be_v banish_v out_o of_o england_n 9_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n anno_fw-la 1047._o send_v ambassador_n to_o king_n edward_n desire_v he_o to_o send_v a_o navy_n to_o he_o against_o magnus_n king_n of_o norway_n hereupon_o earl_n godwin_n counsel_v the_o king_n to_o send_v he_o at_o least_o fifty_o ship_n furnish_v with_o soldier_n sed_fw-la quia_fw-la leofrico_fw-la comiti_fw-la et_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la id_fw-la non_fw-la videbatur_fw-la consilium_fw-la &_o caeteri_fw-la proceres_fw-la dissuaserunt_fw-la nullum_fw-la ei_fw-la mittere_fw-la voluit_fw-la but_o because_o that_o council_n seem_v not_o good_a to_o earl_n leofric_n and_o all_o the_o people_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o noble_n
book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n title_n danegold_n affirm_v 5._o that_o king_n edward_n officer_n after_o the_o danish_a king_n expire_v reign_v do_v collect_v it_o of_o the_o english_a subject_n without_o his_o privity_n to_o clothe_v and_o pay_v his_o soldier_n and_o follower_n 6._o that_o he_o out_o of_o mercy_n piety_n conscience_n and_o justice_n to_o his_o people_n not_o only_o restore_v it_o to_o they_o when_o collect_v and_o bring_v into_o his_o exchequer_n without_o retain_v one_o farthing_n of_o it_o but_o likewise_o for_o ever_o release_v it_o to_o they_o so_o that_o it_o be_v no_o more_o collect_v during_o his_o reign_n 7._o that_o tax_n unjust_o levy_v upon_o the_o poor_a oppress_a people_n be_v very_o please_v and_o acceptable_a to_o the_o devil_n himself_o who_o claim_v the_o money_n so_o collect_v for_o his_o own_o and_o that_o the_o collector_n and_o exacter_n of_o such_o tax_n though_o for_o the_o payment_n of_o army_n and_o soldier_n be_v real_o but_o the_o devil_n agent_n and_o instrument_n who_o will_v one_o day_n pay_v they_o their_o deserve_a wage_n 8._o that_o heavy_a oppression_n and_o tax_n though_o for_o pretend_a public_a necessity_n continue_v for_o many_o year_n together_o ought_v not_o only_o to_o be_v eternal_o remit_v but_o restore_v when_o collect_v by_o all_o conscientious_a pious_a righteous_a merciful_a saintlike_a king_n and_o governor_n 9_o that_o illegal_a heavy_a tax_n impose_v by_o or_o for_o invade_v usurper_n if_o once_o submit_v to_o and_o not_o strong_o oppose_v by_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n will_v soon_o be_v claim_v &_o levy_v as_o a_o customary_a early_o legal_a revenue_n both_o by_o the_o imposâ—rs_n and_o their_o successor_n and_o hardly_o be_v lay_v down_o and_o discontinue_v again_o for_o the_o people_n ease_n 10._o that_o this_o tax_n of_o danegeld_n amount_v but_o to_o thirty_o eight_o or_o forty_o thousand_o pound_n in_o one_o whole_a year_n be_v in_o truth_n a_o heavy_a and_o intolerable_a burden_n and_o grievous_a oppression_n to_o the_o whole_a nation_n fit_a to_o be_v abolish_v and_o release_v especial_o in_o time_n of_o dearth_n and_o scarcity_n therefore_o certain_o our_o late_a illegal_a tax_n without_o authority_n of_o a_o free_a and_o legal_a parliament_n amount_v to_o 120._o 90._o or_o 60._o 1000_o li._n monthly_a when_o low_a beside_o excise_n custom_n impost_n amount_v to_o twice_o as_o much_o more_o must_v certain_o be_v far_o more_o grievous_a &_o intolerable_a to_o the_o nation_n and_o so_o not_o only_o to_o be_v remit_v abandon_v exclude_v but_o account_v for_o and_o restore_v to_o our_o exhaust_a oppress_a nation_n by_o all_o those_o governor_n who_o pretend_v themselves_o saint_n of_o the_o high_a form_n and_o man_n rule_v in_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n against_o who_o this_o st._n edward_n the_o confessor_n will_v rise_v up_o in_o judgement_n if_o they_o imitate_v not_o his_o just_a and_o saintlike_a precedent_n therein_o all_o which_o consideration_n i_o recommend_v to_o their_o own_o and_o their_o collector_n excisers_n sad_a consideration_n to_o meditate_v serious_o upon_o for_o the_o people_n ease_n 91._o william_n of_o malmsburies_n record_n of_o this_o king_n edward_n that_o he_o be_v in_o exactionibus_fw-la vectigalium_fw-la parcus_fw-la quip_n qui_fw-la &_o exactores_fw-la execraretur_fw-la till_o we_o may_v be_v able_a real_o to_o record_v the_o like_a of_o our_o new_a governor_n and_o prince_n over_o we_o we_o shall_v never_o be_v either_o a_o free_a a_o peaceable_a or_o happy_a people_n not_o they_o worthy_a of_o the_o name_n of_o saint_n or_o confessor_n in_o any_o english_a annal_n or_o calendar_n 390._o he_o add_v that_o king_n edward_n with_o the_o touch_n of_o his_o hand_n do_v miraculous_o cure_v sundry_a person_n of_o the_o luxuriant_a humour_n and_o swell_n about_o the_o neck_n common_o call_v the_o king_n evil_n which_o cure_n in_o after_o age_n some_o false_o ascribe_v non_fw-la ex_fw-la sanctitate_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la regalis_fw-la prosapiae_fw-la haereditate_fw-la â—â—uxisse_fw-la not_o to_o have_v issue_v from_o his_o sanctity_n but_o from_o his_o hereditary_a royal_a blood_n if_o his_o sanctity_n in_o release_n and_o restore_v the_o formentioned_a insupportable_a tribute_n of_o danegeld_n shall_v now_o cure_v the_o hereditary_a king_n and_o our_o new_a republic_n long_o continue_v evil_a and_o malady_n of_o intolerable_a tribute_n contribution_n and_o excise_n in_o this_o age_n we_o shall_v register_v it_o to_o posterity_n for_o as_o great_a a_o miracle_n as_o his_o first_o care_n of_o the_o evil_a king_n only_o by_o his_o touch_v of_o it_o with_o his_o royal_a sacred_a hand_n 895._o king_n edward_n about_o the_o year_n 1047._o calling_n out_o of_o normandy_n certain_a norman_n qui_fw-la olim_fw-la pauculis_fw-la beneficiis_fw-la inopiam_fw-la exulis_fw-la suppleverant_fw-la who_o have_v there_o relieve_v and_o supply_v his_o want_n during_o his_o exil_n to_o reward_v they_o for_o their_o benefit_n advance_v they_o to_o place_n of_o extraordinary_a honour_n and_o trust_v about_o he_o among_o other_o he_o promote_v robert_n gemeticensis_n a_o monk_n to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o london_n &_o then_o to_o the_o archbishopric_a of_o canterbury_n william_n to_o be_v his_o chaplain_n first_o and_o afterward_o bishop_n of_o london_n and_o another_o to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o dorchester_n which_o jugulphus_n thus_o express_v rex_fw-la autem_fw-la edwardus_fw-la natus_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it sed_fw-la nutritus_fw-la in_o normania_n &_o diutissime_fw-la immoratus_fw-la penè_fw-la in_o gallicum_n transierat_fw-la adducens_fw-la &_o attrahens_fw-la de_fw-la normamnia_n plurimos_fw-la quos_fw-la variis_fw-la dignitatibus_fw-la promotos_fw-la in_o immensum_fw-la exaltabat_fw-la praecipuus_fw-la inter_fw-la eos_fw-la erat_fw-la robertus_fw-la monachus_n etc._n etc._n caepit_fw-la ergò_fw-la totâ_fw-la terrâ_fw-la sub_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o sub_fw-la aliis_fw-la normannis_fw-la introductis_fw-la anglicos_fw-la ritus_fw-la diminui_fw-la &_o francorun_v mores_fw-la in_o multis_fw-la imitari_fw-la gallicum_n idioma_fw-la omnes_fw-la magnates_fw-la in_o suis_fw-la curiis_fw-la tanquam_fw-la magnum_fw-la gentilitium_fw-la loqui_fw-la chartas_n &_o chyrographa_n sua_fw-la more_fw-it francium_n confici_fw-la &_o propriam_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la in_o his_o &_o in_o aliis_fw-la multis_fw-la erubescere_fw-la thereupon_o earl_n godwin_n and_o his_o son_n be_v man_n of_o high_a spirit_n &_o auctores_fw-la &_o tutores_fw-la regni_fw-la edvardi_fw-la be_v very_o angry_a and_o discontent_a quod_fw-la novos_fw-la homines_fw-la &_o advenas_fw-la sibi_fw-la preferri_fw-la viderent_fw-la because_o they_o see_v these_o new_a upstart_n and_o stranger_n prefer_v before_o they_o yet_o they_o never_o utter_v a_o high_a word_n against_o the_o king_n who_o they_o have_v once_o advance_v upon_o this_o occasion_n anno_fw-la 1051_o there_o arise_v great_a discord_n between_o the_o english_a and_o these_o norman_n quod_fw-la angli_fw-la aspernantèr_fw-la ferant_fw-la superiorem_fw-la normani_fw-la nequeant_fw-la pati_fw-la parem_fw-la 366._o henry_n huntingdon_n record_v that_o these_o normnan_n accuse_v godwin_n and_o swain_n and_o harold_n his_o son_n to_o the_o king_n that_o they_o go_v about_o to_o betray_v he_o whereupon_o the_o king_n call_v they_o into_o question_n for_o it_o they_o refuse_v to_o appear_v without_o hostage_n for_o their_o safety_n upon_o which_o the_o king_n banish_v they_o but_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n matthew_n westminster_n florentius_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n bromton_n hygden_n henry_n de_fw-fr knighton_n fabram_n graston_n holmsh_v speed_v and_o the_o 2d_o general_n stream_n of_o our_o historian_n relate_v the_o business_n more_o full_o make_v this_o the_o original_a cause_n of_o the_o difference_n between_o they_o and_o of_o the_o exile_n of_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n eustace_n earl_n of_o boloyn_n who_o have_v wed_v king_n edward_n sister_n arrive_v at_o dover_n in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n 1051._o one_o of_o his_o knight_n seek_v lodging_n unjust_o slay_v one_o of_o the_o townsman_n whereupon_o the_o townsman_n slay_v he_o the_o earl_n and_o his_o follower_n be_v enrage_v thereat_o slay_v divers_a man_n and_o woman_n of_o the_o town_n and_o tread_v their_o child_n under_o their_o own_o &_o horse_n foot_n the_o burgess_n upon_o this_o assemble_v togetherto_o resist_v they_o after_o a_o fierce_a encounter_n put_v the_o earl_n and_o his_o follower_n to_o flight_n slay_v eighteen_o or_o twenty_o of_o they_o in_o the_o pursuit_n and_o wound_v many_o more_o so_o that_o the_o earl_n escape_v only_o with_o one_o of_o his_o follower_n to_o the_o king_n then_o at_o gloucester_n where_o he_o grievous_o incense_v the_o king_n against_o the_o englishman_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o tumult_n which_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n occasion_v whereupon_o earl_n godwin_n be_v much_o incense_v at_o the_o slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n in_o the_o burrowgh_n of_o dover_n he_o and_o his_o son_n assemble_v a_o great_a army_n out_o of_o all_o the_o town_n and_o country_n subject_a to_o they_o the_o king_n send_v for_o godwin_n to_o
church_n and_o clergy_n from_o all_o invasion_n injury_n violence_n disturbance_n and_o special_o enact_v that_o not_o only_o all_o clerk_n and_o clergy_n man_n but_o all_o other_o person_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o peace_n of_o god_n and_o the_o church_n free_a from_o all_o assault_n arrest_n and_o other_o disturbance_n whatsoever_o both_o on_o lordsday_n solemn_a festival_n and_o other_o time_n of_o public_a church_n meeting_n eundo_fw-la &_o subsistendo_fw-la &_o redeundo_fw-la both_o in_o go_v to_o continue_v at_o and_o return_v from_o the_o church_n and_o public_a duty_n of_o god_n worship_n or_o to_o synod_n and_o chapter_n to_o which_o they_o be_v either_o summon_v or_o where_o they_o have_v any_o business_n require_v their_o personal_a presence_n wherewith_o the_o statute_n of_o 8_o h._n 6._o c._n 1._o concur_v as_o to_o the_o late_a clause_n therefore_o all_o quaker_n anabaptist_n and_o other_o who_o disturb_v affront_n and_o revile_v assault_n or_o abuse_v our_o minister_n or_o their_o people_n as_o many_o now_o do_v in_o go_v to_o or_o return_v from_o the_o church_n or_o while_o they_o continue_v in_o it_o as_o well_o before_o or_o after_o as_o during_o divine_a service_n sermon_n or_o sacrament_n there_o administer_v may_v and_o aught_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n confirm_v both_o by_o confessor_n and_o conqueror_n in_o their_o parliamentary_a council_n to_o be_v due_o punish_v as_o breaker_n of_o the_o peace_n by_o all_o our_o king_n justices_z and_o minister_n of_o public_a justice_n be_v ratify_v by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la c._n 1_o and_o the_o 714._o coronation_n oath_n of_o all_o our_o king_n which_o all_o our_o judge_n and_o justice_n be_v bind_v to_o observe_v to_o keep_v to_o god_n and_o holy_a church_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o to_o the_o people_n peace_n and_o concord_n entire_o according_a to_o their_o power_n especial_o during_o the_o public_a worship_n of_o god_n in_o the_o church_n and_o in_o go_v to_o tarry_v at_o and_o return_v from_o the_o duty_n which_o they_o owe_v unto_o he_o both_o as_o his_o creature_n and_o servant_n and_o to_o grant_v keep_v and_o confirm_v the_o law_n custom_n and_o franchise_n grant_v by_o the_o glorious_a king_n edward_n 3._o that_o they_o knyghton_n prescribe_v the_o due_a payment_n of_o tithe_n to_o god_n and_o his_o minister_n as_o well_o personal_a as_o praedial_a under_o ecclesiastical_a and_o temporal_a penalty_n be_v grant_v and_o consent_v unto_o a_o rege_fw-la et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la et_fw-la populo_fw-la 4._o that_o the_o knyghton_n cause_n and_o plea_n of_o the_o church_n ought_v first_o to_o be_v hear_v &_o end_v in_o court_n and_o council_n before_o any_o other_o justitia_fw-la enim_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la deus_fw-la 109._o ubique_fw-la praecaeteris_fw-la honoretur_fw-la 5._o that_o they_o thus_o define_v danegild_n danegaldi_n redditio_fw-la propter_fw-la piratas_fw-la primitus_fw-la statuta_fw-la est_fw-la patriam_fw-la enim_fw-la infestantes_fw-la vastationi_fw-la ejus_fw-la pro_fw-la posse_fw-la svo_fw-la insistebant_fw-la ad_fw-la eorum_fw-la quidem_fw-la insolentiam_fw-la reprimendam_fw-la statutum_n est_fw-la danegaldum_fw-la annuatim_fw-la reddi_fw-la scilicet_fw-la duodecim_fw-la denarios_fw-la de_fw-la unaquaque_fw-la hida_n totius_fw-la patriae_fw-la ad_fw-la conducendos_fw-la eos_fw-la qui_fw-la piratarum_fw-la eruptioni_fw-la resistendo_fw-la obviarent_fw-la to_o which_o hoveden_n knyghton_n lambard_n and_o other_o subjoin_v de_fw-fr hoc_fw-la quoque_fw-la danegaldo_n omnis_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la libera_fw-la est_fw-la &_o quieta_fw-la &_o omnis_fw-la terra_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o proprio_fw-la dominico_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la erat_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la jacebar_v nihil_fw-la prorsus_fw-la in_o tali_fw-la redemptione_n persolvens_fw-la quia_fw-la magis_fw-la in_o ecclesiae_fw-la confidebant_fw-la orationibus_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o armorum_fw-la defensionibus_fw-la usque_fw-la tempora_fw-la willielmi_n junioris_fw-la qui_fw-la ruffus_n vocabatur_fw-la donec_fw-la eodem_fw-la a_o baronibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la auxilium_fw-la requirente_fw-la ad_fw-la normanniam_fw-la requirendam_fw-la &_o retinendam_fw-la de_fw-fr roberto_n svo_fw-la fratre_fw-la cognomine_fw-la cortehose_fw-mi jerusalem_fw-la proficiscente_fw-la concessum_fw-la esi_fw-la ei_fw-la non_fw-la lege_fw-la sancitum_fw-la neque_fw-la confirmatum_fw-la sed_fw-la hac_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la causa_fw-la ex_fw-la unaquaque_fw-la hida_fw-la sibi_fw-la dari_fw-la quatuor_fw-la solidos_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la non_fw-la excepta_fw-la dum_fw-la vero_fw-la collectio_fw-la census_fw-la fieret_fw-la proclamabat_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la svam_fw-la reposcens_fw-la libertatem_fw-la sed_fw-la nil_fw-la profecit_fw-la by_o which_o it_o be_v apparent_a 1._o that_o this_o grievous_a tax_n of_o danegeld_n be_v first_o grant_v and_o appoint_v by_o a_o public_a law_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n to_o hire_v man_n to_o resist_v the_o eruption_n of_o the_o pirate_n and_o enemy_n that_o it_o amount_v but_o to_o 12_o d._n a_o year_n upon_o every_o ploughland_n that_o the_o church_n and_o demesne_n land_n of_o the_o church_n where_o ever_o they_o lay_v be_v exempt_v from_o it_o till_o william_n rufus_n his_o time_n who_o first_o exact_v it_o from_o the_o clergy_n upon_o a_o pretend_a necessity_n and_o raise_v it_o from_o 12_o d._n to_o 4_o s._n a_o ploughland_n by_o grant_n of_o the_o baron_n without_o any_o law_n to_o enact_v or_o confirm_v it_o for_o fear_v of_o draw_v it_o into_o consequence_n 6_o that_o these_o law_n thus_o describe_v the_o duty_n and_o office_n of_o a_o king_n lambard_n the_o king_n because_o he_o be_v the_o vicar_n of_o the_o high_a king_n be_v constitute_v for_o this_o end_n that_o he_o may_v rule_v the_o earthly_a kingdom_n and_o the_o lord_n people_n and_o above_o all_o thing_n that_o he_o may_v reverence_v his_o holy_a church_n and_o defend_v it_o from_o injury_n pluck_v away_o evildoer_n from_o it_o and_o utter_o to_o destroy_v and_o disperse_v they_o which_o unless_o he_o shall_v do_v the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n agree_v not_o unto_o he_o the_o prophet_n pope_n john_n witness_v nomen_fw-la regis_fw-la perdit_fw-la qui_fw-la quod_fw-la regis_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la faciat_fw-la he_o lose_v the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n who_o discharge_v not_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o king_n pepin_n and_o charles_n his_o son_n be_v not_o yet_o king_n but_o prince_n under_o the_o french_a king_n hear_v this_o definitive_a sentence_n as_o well_o true_o as_o prudent_o pronounce_v concern_v the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n by_o william_n the_o bastard_n king_n of_o england_n foolish_o write_v to_o pope_n john_n demand_v this_o question_n of_o he_o whether_o the_o king_n of_o france_n ought_v so_o to_o continue_v be_v content_a only_o with_o the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n who_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v convenient_a to_o call_v they_o king_n who_o do_v watch_v over_o defend_v and_o govern_v the_o church_n of_o god_n and_o his_o people_n imitate_v king_n david_n the_o psalmograph_n say_v he_o shall_v not_o dwell_v in_o my_o house_n which_o work_v pride_n etc._n etc._n after_o which_o it_o follow_v in_o 214._o mr._n fox_n and_o some_o other_o but_o not_o in_o hoveden_n and_o knyghton_n moreover_o the_o king_n by_o his_o right_n and_o by_o his_o office_n aught_o to_o defend_v and_o conserve_v full_o and_o whole_o in_o all_o ampleness_n without_o diminution_n all_o the_o land_n honour_n dignity_n 10._o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o further_o to_o reduce_v into_o their_o pristine_a state_n all_o such_o thing_n as_o have_v be_v disperse_v waste_a and_o lose_v which_o appertain_v to_o his_o kingdom_n also_o the_o whole_a and_o universal_a land_n with_o all_o land_n about_o the_o same_o in_o norwey_n and_o denmark_n be_v appertain_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o be_v of_o the_o appurtenance_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o king_n make_v one_o monarchy_n and_o one_o kingdom_n which_o sometime_o be_v call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o britain_n and_o now_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n such_o bound_n and_o limit_n as_o be_v abovesaid_a be_v appoint_v and_o limit_v to_o the_o name_n of_o this_o kingdom_n a_o king_n above_o all_o thing_n aught_o to_o fear_n god_n to_o love_v and_o observe_v his_o commandment_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v observe_v through_o his_o whole_a kingdom_n he_o ought_v also_o to_o keep_v cherish_v maintain_v and_o govern_v the_o holy_a church_n within_o his_o kingdom_n with_o all_o integrity_n and_o liberty_n according_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o predecessor_n and_o to_o defend_v the_o same_o against_o all_o enemy_n so_o that_o god_n above_o all_o thing_n be_v honour_v and_o ever_o before_o his_o eye_n he_o ought_v also_o to_o set_v up_o 5â—…_n good_a law_n and_o custom_n such_o as_o be_v wholesome_a and_o approve_a such_o as_o be_v otherwise_o to_o repeal_v they_o and_o thrust_v they_o out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n item_n he_o ought_v to_o do_v judgement_n and_o justice_n in_o his_o kingdom_n by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o realm_n all_o these_o thing_n ought_v a_o king_n in_o his_o own_o person_n to_o do_v take_v his_o oath_n upon_o the_o evangelist_n swear_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o whole_a state_n of_o
occidendum_fw-la non_fw-la rati_fw-la slay_v and_o cut_v off_o the_o head_n of_o all_o his_o servant_n and_o courtier_n as_o well_o english_a as_o dane_n be_v above_o 200._o on_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o river_n of_o humber_n then_o break_v up_o his_o treasury_n they_o take_v away-all_a his_o treasure_n horse_n arm_n householdstuff_n and_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v he_o the_o rumour_n whereof_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o country_n in_o a_o uproar_n almost_o all_o the_o northumberlander_n meet_v together_o and_o elect_v constitute_v morchar_n earl_n algarus_fw-la son_n for_o their_o earl_n in_o the_o place_n of_o tosti_n who_o march_v with_o they_o into_o lincolnshire_n nottinghamshire_n and_o derbyshire_n waste_v and_o pillage_v those_o county_n slay_v many_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o carry_v many_o thousand_o of_o they_o away_o captive_a leave_v those_o county_n much_o impoverish_v many_o year_n after_o hereupon_o harold_n be_v send_v against_o they_o to_o revenge_v those_o injury_n to_o prevent_v further_a mischief_n and_o to_o mediate_v a_o reconciliation_n between_o they_o and_o tosti_n upon_o this_o the_o northumberlander_n meet_v harold_n first_o at_o northampton_n and_o afterward_o at_o oxford_n and_o although_o they_o be_v more_o in_o number_n than_o he_o yet_o be_v desirous_a of_o quietness_n and_o peace_n they_o excuse_v the_o fact_n unto_o he_o say_v se_fw-la homines_fw-la liberè_fw-la natos_fw-la liberè_fw-la educatos_fw-la nullius_fw-la ducis_fw-la ferociam_fw-la pati_fw-la posse_fw-la a_fw-la majoribus_fw-la didicisse_fw-la aut_fw-la libertatem_fw-la aut_fw-la mortem_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o they_o be_v man_n free_o bear_v free_o educate_v can_v not_o suffer_v the_o cruelty_n of_o any_o duke_n that_o they_o have_v learn_v of_o their_o ancestor_n either_o to_o enjoy_v liberty_n or_o death_n therefore_o if_o the_o king_n will_v have_v they_o his_o subject_n he_o must_v set_v another_o earl_n over_o they_o even_o morchar_n who_o have_v have_v experience_n how_o sweet_o they_o know_v to_o obey_v if_o they_o be_v sweet_o handle_v but_o all_o of_o they_o unanimous_o refuse_v any_o reconciliation_n at_o all_o 2_o with_o tosti_n who_o they_o outlaw_v together_o with_o all_o those_o who_o have_v incite_v he_o to_o make_v a_o unjust_a law_n and_o impose_v a_o illegal_a tribute_n upon_o they_o harold_n hear_v these_o thing_n and_o mind_v more_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n than_o his_o brother_n profit_n recall_v his_o army_n and_o the_o king_n have_v hear_v their_o answer_n confirm_v morchar_n for_o their_o duke_n tosti_n hateful_a to_o all_o man_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o earl_n edwin_n be_v expel_v out_o of_o england_n by_o the_o northumberlander_n and_o drive_v with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n into_o flanders_n whence_o return_v about_o two_o year_n after_o and_o join_v with_o the_o dane_n he_o enter_v with_o the_o dane_n into_o northumberland_n miserable_o harrow_v the_o whole_a country_n slaughter_a the_o inhabitant_n and_o at_o last_o be_v there_o slay_v with_o most_o of_o his_o soldier_n by_o his_o own_o brother_n king_n harold_n anno_fw-la 1066._o king_n edward_n as_o abbot_n 911._o ingulphus_n live_v in_o that_o age_n record_n anno_fw-la 1065._o being_n burden_v with_o old_a age_n perceive_v prince_n edgar_n atheling_n his_o cousin_n edward_n son_n late_o dead_a to_o be_v unfit_a for_o the_o royal_a throne_n tam_fw-la cord_n quam_fw-la corpore_fw-la as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o mind_n as_o body_n and_o that_o earl_n godwin_n many_o and_o wicked_a progeny_n do_v daily_o increase_v upon_o the_o earth_n set_v his_o mind_n upon_o his_o cousin_n william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n et_fw-la eum_fw-la sibi_fw-la succedere_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la voce_fw-la stabili_fw-la sancivit_fw-la and_o decree_v by_o a_o stable_a vote_n that_o he_o shall_v succeed_v he_o in_o the_o realm_n os_fw-la england_n for_o duke_n william_n be_v then_o superior_a in_o every_o battle_n and_o a_o triumpher_n against_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o his_o fame_n be_v public_o blaze_v abroad_o among_o all_o the_o earl_n of_o normandy_n who_o be_v next_o he_o be_v invincible_a in_o the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n judex_n justissiuâ—us_o in_o causarum_fw-la judicio_fw-la a_o most_o just_a judge_n in_o the_o judge_n of_o cause_n and_o most_o religious_a and_o most_o devout_a in_o the_o service_n of_o god_n hereupon_o king_n edward_n send_v robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o he_o as_o his_o legate_n a_o latere_fw-la or_o special_a ambassador_n illumque_fw-la designatum_fw-la svi_fw-la regni_fw-la successorem_fw-la tam_fw-la debito_fw-la cognationis_fw-la quam_fw-la merito_fw-la virtutis_fw-la suae_fw-la archipraesulis_fw-la relatu_fw-la insinuavit_fw-la and_o intimate_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o relation_n of_o his_o archbishop_n that_o he_o have_v design_v he_o to_o be_v the_o successor_n of_o his_o realm_n as_o well_o by_o the_o debt_n of_o kindred_n as_o by_o the_o merit_n of_o virtue_n moreover_o harold_n the_o major_a of_o the_o king_n court_n come_v into_o normandy_n not_o only_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v conserve_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n for_o duke_n william_n after_o the_o king_n death_n but_o likewise_o promise_v upon_o oath_n that_o he_o will_v take_v the_o daughter_n of_o duke_n william_n for_o his_o wife_n and_o upon_o these_o promise_n return_v home_o magnificent_o reward_v after_o which_o he_o subjoin_v edwardi_fw-la piissimi_fw-la regis_fw-la cujus_fw-la cognatione_fw-la et_fw-la consanguinitate_fw-la inclytus_fw-la rex_fw-la noster_fw-la willelmus_fw-la fundat_fw-la conscientiam_fw-la svam_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la invadendi_fw-la caeteris_fw-la regibus_fw-la de_fw-la danorum_fw-la sanguine_fw-la quasi_fw-la nullius_fw-la authoritatis_fw-la ad_fw-la allegandum_fw-la interim_n intermissis_fw-la 93._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n who_o flourish_v in_o or_o near_o that_o very_a age_n thus_o second_v he_o after_o the_o death_n of_o edward_n his_o son_n edgar_n be_v neque_fw-la promptus_fw-la menu_fw-la neque_fw-la probus_fw-la ingenio_fw-la rex_fw-la itaque_fw-la defuncto_fw-la cognato_fw-la quia_fw-la spes_fw-la prioris_fw-la erat_fw-la soluta_fw-la suffragii_fw-la willielmo_n comiti_fw-la normanniae_fw-la successionem_fw-la angliae_fw-la dedit_fw-la erat_fw-la ille_fw-la hoc_fw-la munere_fw-la dignus_fw-la praestans_fw-la animi_fw-la juvenis_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la in_o supremum_fw-la fastigium_fw-la alacri_fw-la labour_v excreverat_fw-la praeterea_fw-la proxime_fw-la consanguineus_fw-la filius_fw-la roberti_n filius_fw-la richardi_fw-la seoundi_fw-la quem_fw-la fratrem_fw-la fuisse_fw-la emmae_fw-la matris_fw-la edwardi_fw-la non_fw-la semel_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la diximus_fw-la forunt_fw-la quidam_fw-la ipsum_fw-la haroldum_n a_o rege_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la normanniam_fw-la missum_fw-la alii_fw-la secretioris_fw-la consilii_fw-la conscii_fw-la invitum_fw-la venti_fw-la violentia_fw-la illuc_fw-la actum_fw-la quo_fw-la se_fw-la tueretur_fw-la invenisse_fw-la commentum_fw-la quod_fw-la quia_fw-la propius_fw-la vero_fw-la videtur_fw-la exponam_fw-la harold_n come_v to_o his_o farm_n at_o boseam_n go_v for_o his_o recreation_n into_o a_o fisherboat_n and_o put_v forth_o into_o the_o sea_n in_o sport_n be_v by_o a_o sudden_a contrary_a storm_n arise_v drive_v with_o his_o companion_n into_o the_o village_n of_o ponthieu_n in_o france_n where_o he_o be_v strip_v and_o bind_v hand_n and_o foot_n by_o the_o rude_a country_n people_n and_o carry_v prisoner_n to_o guido_n their_o earl_n who_o detain_v he_o in_o prison_n to_o gain_v a_o ransom_n from_o he_o whereupon_o harold_n be_v of_o a_o subtle_a wit_n study_v how_o to_o relieve_v himself_o by_o large_a promise_n procure_v a_o messenger_n to_o inform_v duke_n william_n that_o he_o be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n into_o normandy_n that_o what_o lesser_a messenger_n have_v but_o mutter_v touch_v his_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n he_o may_v perform_v by_o his_o presence_n especial_o that_o he_o be_v detain_v in_o bond_n by_o earl_n guido_n whereby_o he_o be_v hinder_v to_o deliver_v his_o message_n notwithstanding_o his_o appeal_n to_o he_o which_o be_v a_o great_a diminution_n to_o his_o honour_n and_o if_o his_o captivity_n be_v to_o be_v redeem_v with_o money_n he_o will_v willing_o give_v it_o to_o he_o and_o not_o to_o guido_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v by_o duke_n williams_n command_v release_v bring_v by_o guido_n into_o normandy_n and_o there_o noble_o feast_v by_o the_o duke_n where_o by_o his_o valour_n and_o policy_n he_o gain_v great_a reputation_n with_o duke_n william_n and_o that_o he_o may_v more_o endear_v himself_o in_o his_o favour_n he_o there_o voluntary_o of_o his_o own_o accord_n confirm_v to_o he_o the_o castle_n of_o dover_n which_o belong_v to_o he_o of_o right_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n after_o king_n edward_n decease_n whereupon_o the_o duke_n espouse_v he_o to_o his_o daughter_n adeliza_n than_o a_o child_n and_o bestow_v her_o whole_a ample_a portion_n upon_o harold_n and_o then_o honourable_o dismiss_v he_o 426._o matthew_n westminster_n anno_fw-la 1057._o relate_v this_o story_n of_o harold_n drive_v into_o ponthieu_n by_o storm_n against_o his_o will_n as_o happen_v in_o that_o year_n and_o that_o to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o duke_n william_n
regnum_fw-la fecerat_fw-la &_o sibi_fw-la super_fw-la hoc_fw-la posteâ—_n secundum_fw-la quos_fw-la dam_n solemne_v nuncios_fw-la ut_fw-la praemitâ—…ur_fw-la destinaverat_fw-la non_fw-la obstante_fw-la 404._o abbot_n ailred_n thus_o register_n herald_n usurpation_n and_o the_o sad_a event_n thereof_o interea_fw-la haroldus_n godwini_fw-la filius_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la quod_fw-la secundum_fw-la fidem_fw-la sacramenti_fw-la debuerat_fw-la servasse_fw-la willielmo_n regis_fw-la edmundi_fw-la consobrino_fw-la â—ibi_fw-la nec_fw-la jure_fw-la debitum_fw-la nec_fw-la natura_fw-la â—rreverenter_fw-la usurpans_fw-la malum_fw-la quod_fw-la angliae_fw-la secundum_fw-la sancti_fw-la regis_fw-la oraculum_fw-la dominus_fw-la praeparaverat_fw-la transgressione_n pacti_fw-la et_fw-la â—â—dei_fw-la acceleravit_fw-la laesione_n ut_fw-la autem_fw-la attenuati_fw-la viribus_fw-la facilius_fw-la ab_fw-la hiis_fw-la quos_fw-la injustè_fw-fr provocaveraâ—_n hostibus_fw-la vinceretur_fw-la susâ—iâ—avit_fw-la ei_fw-la a_o parte_fw-la aquilonis_fw-la inimicos_fw-la haroldum_n cognomento_fw-la harfar_n norwagenorum_fw-la regem_fw-la et_fw-la tostium_fw-la fratremsum_fw-la quem_fw-la de_fw-fr anglia_fw-it ipse_fw-la expulerat_fw-la etc._n etc._n p_o tho._n walsingham_n 28._o thus_o story_n it_o cujus_fw-la regnum_fw-la haroldus_n continuo_fw-la invasit_fw-la ex_fw-la fidelitate_fw-la pejuratus_fw-la quam_fw-la duci_fw-la juraverat_fw-la ad_fw-la quem_fw-la legatos_fw-la direxit_fw-la protinus_fw-la hortans_fw-la ut_fw-la ab_fw-la hac_fw-la vesania_fw-la resipisceret_fw-la et_fw-la fidem_fw-la quam_fw-la juramento_fw-la sposponderat_fw-la cum_fw-la digna_fw-la subjectione_n servaret_fw-la sed_fw-la ille_fw-la hoc_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la audire_fw-la contempsit_fw-la verum_fw-la omnem_fw-la ab_fw-la illo_fw-la anglorum_fw-la gentem_fw-la infideliter_fw-la avertit_fw-la hygden_n in_o his_o polychronicon_n l._n 6._o c._n 28._o mr_n john_n fox_n act_n and_o monument_n vol._n 1._o p._n 214._o mr._n cambden_n in_o his_o britannia_n p_o 145_o 146._o holinsh_v sir_n john_n hayward_n sir_n richard_n baker_n affirm_v the_o like_a and_o incline_v to_o this_o opinion_n that_o harold_n by_o his_o might_n power_n craft_n policy_n usurp_v and_o invade_v the_o crown_n without_o any_o right_n against_o his_o oath_n i_o shall_v sum_v up_o all_o their_o opinion_n in_o the_o word_n of_o 417._o john_n speed_n after_o king_n edward_n death_n the_o statesman_n perplex_v for_o choice_n of_o a_o new_a edgar_z atheling_n title_n be_v worthy_a more_o respect_n than_o it_o find_v for_o he_o they_o hold_v too_o young_a for_o government_n beside_o a_o stranger_n bear_v scarce_o speak_v english_a and_o withal_o the_o prophecy_n of_o edward_n touch_v the_o alienation_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o interest_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o the_o claim_n of_o duke_n william_n make_v both_o by_o gift_n and_o consanguinity_n breed_v great_a distraction_n of_o desire_n and_o opinion_n but_o nothing_o conclude_v for_o settle_v the_o state_n no_o man_n assume_v or_o possess_v the_o diadem_n because_o none_o have_v the_o power_n or_o right_a to_o adorn_v therewith_o his_o own_o head_n in_o this_o calm_a conference_n a_o sudden_a gale_n arise_v which_o blow_v all_o the_o sail_n spread_v for_o that_o wind_n into_o one_o port_n harold_n son_n to_o earl_n godwin_n a_o man_n due_o prize_v his_o many_o worthy_a part_n not_o unmeet_a for_o a_o kingdom_n next_o edward_n his_o brorher-in-law_n in_o the_o kingdom_n courteous_a in_o speech_n and_o behaviour_n in_o martial_a prowess_n the_o only_a man_n qui_fw-la vivente_fw-la edwardo_n quaecunque_fw-la contra_fw-la eum_fw-la bella_fw-la incensa_fw-la sunt_fw-la virtute_fw-la sua_fw-la compressit_fw-la cupiens_fw-la se_fw-la provincialibns_fw-la ostento_fw-la in_fw-la regnum_fw-la scilicet_fw-la spe_fw-la prurienti_fw-la anhelans_fw-la as_o 94._o malmsbury_n write_v of_o he_o friend_v by_o affinity_n of_o many_o of_o the_o noble_n expect_v to_o be_v both_o side_v and_o assist_v if_o his_o cause_n come_v either_o to_o trial_n or_o voice_n see_v the_o time_n well_o fit_v his_o entrance_n swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n most_o dread_a by_o the_o english_a be_v then_o entangle_v with_o the_o sweden_n war_n william_n the_o norman_a that_o make_v claim_n from_o king_n edward_n then_o absent_a and_o at_o variance_n with_o philip_n the_o french_a king_n the_o friend_n of_o edgar_n in_o hungary_n and_o himself_o a_o stranger_n over_o young_a for_o to_o rule_v all_o which_o concurrent_a make_v harold_n without_o deliberation_n or_o order_n from_o the_o state_n to_o set_v the_o crown_n on_o his_o own_o head_n regardless_o of_o all_o ceremony_n and_o solemn_a celebration_n for_o which_o act_n as_o a_o violater_n of_o holy_a rite_n he_o too_o too-much_o offend_v the_o clergy_n none_o either_o great_o applaud_v or_o disapprove_v his_o presumption_n except_o only_o for_o the_o omission_n of_o manner_n and_o form_n harold_n have_v get_v actual_a possession_n of_o the_o crown_n marianus_n scotus_n florentius_n wigorniensis_n huntindon_n hoveden_n sim._n dunelmensis_n radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la hygden_n fabian_n grafton_n holinsh_v cambden_n and_o speed_v record_n that_o to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o the_o clergy_n &_o people_n he_o begin_v to_o destroy_v evil_a law_n and_o custom_n before_o use_v and_o establish_v just_a and_o good_a law_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o holy_a church_n he_o likewise_o become_v a_o patron_n of_o church_n and_o monastery_n respect_v and_o reverence_v bishop_n abbot_n monk_n and_o clergyman_n show_v himself_o pious_a humble_a affable_a to_o all_o good_a man_n and_o hateful_a to_o all_o malefactor_n public_o command_v all_o his_o duke_n earls_z sheriff_n and_o other_o officer_n to_o apprehend_v all_o thief_n robber_n and_o disturber_n of_o the_o realm_n himself_o likewise_o take_v extraordinary_a pain_n and_o care_n for_o the_o defence_n 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courteous_a regard_n who_o return_v home_o without_o reply_n 100_o vel_fw-la veris_fw-la vel_fw-la veresimilibus_fw-la argumentis_fw-la perstricti_fw-la 147._o some_o of_o our_o historian_n record_v that_o the_o duke_n messenger_n upon_o their_o second_o embassy_n admonish_v he_o how_o religious_o he_o have_v bind_v himself_o by_o oath_n and_o that_o perjure_a person_n shall_v be_v sure_a to_o find_v perdition_n from_o god_n hand_n and_o reproachful_a shame_n with_o man_n waive_v all_o other_o demand_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o insist_v only_o upon_o this_o that_o harold_n shall_v marry_v his_o daughter_n which_o he_o have_v espouse_v according_a to_o his_o promise_n else_o he_o shall_v certain_o know_v he_o will_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n challenge_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n promise_v to_o he_o but_o this_o seem_v improbable_a because_o our_o other_o historian_n conclude_v that_o his_o espouse_a daughter_n be_v deadbefore_n this_o embassy_n and_o william_n preparation_n 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night_n he_o lodge_v in_o england_n in_o his_o pavilion_n there_o come_v a_o voice_n unto_o he_o say_v william_n william_n â—be_v thou_o a_o good_a man_n because_o thou_o shall_v obtain_v the_o crown_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o shall_v be_v king_n of_o england_n and_o when_o thou_o shall_v vanquish_v the_o enemy_n cause_n a_o church_n to_o be_v build_v in_o the_o same_o place_n in_o my_o name_n so_o many_o hundred_o foot_n in_o length_n as_o in_o number_n of_o year_n the_o seed_n of_o thy_o blood_n shall_v possess_v the_o government_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o reign_v in_o england_n a_o 150._o year_n but_o q_o matthew_n westminster_n 440._o write_v this_o voice_n be_v after_o the_o battle_n with_o harold_n not_o before_o it_o and_o the_o subsequent_a word_n in_o knyghton_n touch_v his_o march_n to_o london_n import_v as_o much_o hayward_n harold_n reside_v in_o the_o north_n after_o his_o great_a victory_n there_o when_o he_o deem_v all_o his_o enemy_n total_o break_v in_o piece_n receive_v certain_a intelligence_n that_o duke_n william_n be_v safe_o arrive_v at_o pevensey_n with_o his_o fleet_n and_o a_o innnwerable_a company_n of_o valiant_a horseman_n slinger_n archer_n and_o footman_n who_o he_o have_v hire_v out_o of_o all_o france_n whereupon_o he_o present_o march_v with_o his_o army_n in_o great_a haste_n towards_o london_n and_o although_o he_o well_o know_v that_o most_o of_o the_o valiant_a man_n in_o all_o england_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o two_o late_a battle_n against_o tosti_n and_o the_o dane_n that_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o common_a soldier_n have_v quite_o desert_v he_o refuse_v to_o march_v with_o he_o in_o that_o necssity_n because_o he_o permit_v they_o not_o to_o share_v with_o he_o in_o the_o great_a booty_n they_o have_v win_v with_o their_o blood_n and_o that_o half_a his_o army_n be_v not_o come_v together_o yet_o he_o resolve_v forthwith_o to_o march_v into_o sussex_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v they_o with_o 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multitude_n of_o the_o nobility_n gentry_n and_o commons_o of_o england_n slay_v in_o the_o battle_n beside_o those_o who_o flee_v from_o it_o and_o can_v not_o come_v to_o fight_v manifest_a his_o army_n not_o to_o be_v so_o small_a as_o these_o author_n will_v make_v it_o 94._o only_o to_o augment_v the_o englishman_n valour_n and_o eclipse_v the_o norman_n as_o overcome_a they_o more_o by_o stratagem_n and_o multitude_n than_o true_a fortitude_n while_o harold_n be_v in_o his_o march_n towards_o william_n within_o 9_o mile_n of_o his_o fort_n in_o sussex_n he_o send_v out_o scout_n before_o he_o to_o discover_v the_o force_n and_o number_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o be_v intercept_v and_o bring_v to_o william_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v lead_v about_o his_o tent_n that_o they_o may_v well_o view_v his_o army_n and_o then_o be_v bountisul_o feast_v he_o command_v they_o to_o be_v send_v back_o to_o their_o master_n without_o any_o harm_n who_o return_v to_o harold_n commend_v the_o duke_n magnificence_n martial_a prowess_n and_o clemency_n serious_o affirm_v that_o all_o his_o soldier_n seem_v to_o be_v priest_n because_o their_o face_n and_o both_o their_o lip_n be_v shave_v which_o kind_n of_o shave_v none_o of_o the_o english_a then_o use_v but_o their_o priest_n only_o upon_o which_o harold_n smile_v at_o the_o scout_n simplicity_n reply_v they_o be_v not_o effeminate_a priest_n but_o soldier_n of_o great_a and_o valorous_a mind_n invincible_a in_o arm_n whereupon_o other_o girth_n harold_n young_a brother_n a_o man_n of_o great_a knowledge_n and_o valour_n beyond_o his_o year_n take_v the_o speech_n out_o of_o his_o mouth_n say_v see_v you_o commend_v the_o valour_n of_o the_o norman_n to_o be_v so_o great_a i_o hold_v it_o unadvised_a rashness_n for_o you_o to_o fight_v with_o they_o to_o who_o you_o may_v be_v repute_v inferior_a both_o in_o merit_n and_o valour_n neither_o be_v you_o able_a to_o gainsay_v but_o that_o you_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o william_n to_o reserve_v the_o crown_n to_o his_o use_n voluntary_o or_o unvoluntary_o wherefore_o you_o shall_v do_v more_o advise_o to_o withdraw_v yourself_o out_o of_o the_o field_n in_o this_o instant_a necessity_n ne_fw-la si_fw-la perjurus_fw-la decertans_fw-la vel_fw-la fugam_fw-la vel_fw-la mortem_fw-la incurras_fw-la lest_o fight_v perjure_v you_o incur_v either_o flight_n or_o death_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n perish_v for_o your_o sin_n of_o perjury_n see_v there_o be_v no_o fight_v against_o god_n therefore_o expect_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o battle_n without_o danger_n for_o we_o be_v altogether_o free_a from_o any_o oath_n justum_fw-la suscipimus_fw-la bellum_fw-la pro_fw-la patria_fw-la pugnaturi_fw-la and_o have_v undertake_v a_o just_a war_n to_o fight_v for_o our_o country_n if_o we_o fight_v alone_o without_o thou_o thy_o cause_n shall_v noâ—a_fw-la prosper_v better_o and_o thou_o shall_v be_v more_o safe_a whatever_o befall_v we_o for_o if_o we_o fly_v thou_o may_v be_v able_a to_o succour_v and_o restore_v we_o and_o if_o we_o be_v slay_v thou_o may_v revenge_v we_o but_o such_o be_v harold_n unbridled_a rashness_n that_o he_o will_v not_o give_v a_o please_a ear_n to_o this_o admonition_n esteem_v it_o inglorious_a and_o a_o great_a dishonour_n to_o his_o former_a life_n and_o valour_n to_o turn_v his_o back_n to_o any_o enemy_n or_o danger_n while_o these_o discourse_n pass_v between_o they_o in_o come_v a_o monk_n send_v by_o duke_n william_n claim_v the_o kingdom_n as_o he_o because_o king_n edward_n have_v grant_v it_o to_o he_o by_o advice_n of_o archbishop_n stigand_n and_o of_o the_o earl_n godwin_n and_o siward_n and_o have_v send_v the_o son_n and_o nephew_n of_o godwin_n hostage_n thereof_o into_o normandy_n but_o to_o avoid_v effusion_n of_o christian_a blood_n the_o monk_n bring_v he_o these_o three_o proffer_n either_o to_o depart_v with_o the_o realm_n to_o william_n according_a to_o his_o oath_n and_o agreement_n or_o to_o hold_v the_o kingdom_n from_o and_o reign_v under_o he_o or_o final_o to_o determine_v the_o controversy_n between_o they_o two_o by_o a_o single_a duel_n in_o the_o view_n of_o both_o their_o army_n but_o harold_n out_o of_o a_o strange_a imprudence_n impudence_n &_o pride_n of_o heart_n as_o one_o who_o the_o heaven_n will_v depress_v accept_v neither_o domestic_a counsel_n nor_o the_o norman_n offer_v will_v neither_o vouchsafe_v to_o look_v upon_o the_o messenger_n with_o a_o good_a countenance_n nor_o discourse_n with_o he_o in_o mild_a term_n but_o send_v he_o away_o with_o indignation_n pray_v only_o thus_o that_o god_n will_v judge_v between_o he_o and_o his_o master_n william_n to_o who_o the_o monk_n bold_o reply_v require_v that_o if_o he_o will_v deny_v the_o right_n of_o william_n he_o shall_v either_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o see_v apostolic_a or_o else_o to_o battle_n if_o he_o have_v rather_o by_o which_o he_o assert_v that_o william_n be_v ready_a to_o try_v his_o title_n but_o harold_n answer_v nothing_o to_o those_o his_o proposal_n but_o what_o he_o have_v do_v before_o go_v within_o little_a of_o lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o the_o ambassador_n command_v william_n
example_n of_o abbot_n frederick_n stigand_n egelsine_n and_o the_o kentish_a man_n 27._o that_o true_a heroic_a english_a freeman_n prefer_v their_o old_a native_a liberty_n law_n custom_n before_o their_o life_n and_o will_v rather_o die_v fight_v for_o they_o in_o the_o field_n than_o depart_v with_o they_o upon_o any_o term_n to_o a_o victorious_a sovereign_n or_o subject_n themselves_o to_o the_o least_o public_a servitude_n the_o name_n whereof_o have_v be_v ever_o odious_a to_o they_o much_o more_o the_o thing_n itself_o 28._o that_o the_o best_a mean_n to_o preserve_v our_o public_a law_n liberty_n custom_n against_o all_o invader_n of_o they_o be_v manful_o resolute_o and_o unanimous_o to_o stand_v up_o in_o their_o defence_n both_o by_o word_n and_o deed_n when_o they_o be_v most_o endanger_v that_o such_o person_n county_n place_n who_o have_v appear_v most_o stout_a and_o resolute_a in_o their_o defence_n when_o other_o have_v general_o desert_v surrender_v or_o betray_v they_o have_v thereby_o preserve_v secure_v perpetuate_v they_o to_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n when_o all_o else_o have_v lose_v and_o be_v deprive_v of_o they_o yea_o gain_a immortal_a honour_n and_o precedency_n of_o all_o other_o to_o boot_v witness_v the_o kentishman_n 29._o that_o the_o stout_a maintainer_n of_o their_o country_n law_n and_o liberty_n be_v common_o most_o odious_a to_o most_o injure_a oppress_v by_o tyrannical_a sovereign_n though_o upon_o other_o pretence_n witness_v archbishop_n stigand_n abbot_n frederick_n and_o egelsine_n yet_o this_o must_v not_o deter_v they_o from_o their_o duty_n 30._o that_o no_o age_n or_o person_n ever_o yet_o repute_v conquest_n a_o just_a safe_a prudent_a title_n or_o pretext_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o ever_o disclaim_v it_o as_o most_o absurd_a and_o dangerous_a to_o their_o interest_n 31._o that_o the_o murder_a or_o disinherit_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n have_v be_v the_o principal_a occasion_n and_o groundwork_n of_o all_o the_o great_a sad_a revolution_n of_o government_n in_o this_o island_n and_o of_o the_o translation_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n from_o the_o 38._o briton_n to_o the_o saxon_n from_o the_o saxon_n to_o the_o dane_n and_o since_o from_o both_o of_o they_o to_o the_o norman_n by_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n and_o rejection_n of_o prince_n edgar_n 32._o that_o when_o treachery_n perjury_n oppression_n murder_n violence_n and_o other_o sin_n forementioned_a have_v general_o overspread_v the_o kingdom_n and_o infect_v all_o sort_n and_o degree_n of_o man_n than_o national_a judgement_n foreign_a invasion_n public_a revolution_n of_o governor_n and_o government_n yea_o all_o sort_n of_o calamity_n war_n trouble_n may_v be_v just_o fear_v expect_a inflict_v as_o the_o fruit_n punishment_n of_o these_o epidemical_a cry_a transgression_n 33._o that_o 25._o crown_n and_o kingdom_n have_v their_o period_n and_o revolution_n as_o well_o as_o private_a possession_n family_n and_o that_o by_o the_o secret_a justice_n and_o wise_a dispose_n providence_n of_o god_n who_o dispose_v translate_v dissipate_v dissolve_v kingdom_n at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o give_v they_o to_o whosoever_o he_o please_v 34._o from_o the_o whole_a we_o may_v observe_v with_o the_o 883._o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n and_o 148_o mr._n fox_n that_o as_o the_o english-saxons_a have_v most_o unjust_o against_o their_o oath_n and_o trust_n former_o subdue_v and_o expel_v the_o briton_n by_o the_o just_a judgement_n of_o god_n upon_o they_o for_o their_o sin_n out_o of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o throne_n and_o kingdom_n of_o britain_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n so_o god_n himself_o by_o divine_a retaliation_n for_o the_o like_a sin_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n after_o many_o year_n bloody_a intestine_a war_n between_o themselves_o wherein_o many_o of_o their_o king_n multitude_n of_o their_o noble_n and_o million_o of_o the_o common_a soldier_n and_o people_n be_v slay_v and_o lose_v their_o life_n first_o plague_v infest_a they_o for_o many_o year_n and_o at_o last_o total_o subdue_v and_o dispossess_v they_o of_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n for_o some_o year_n space_n by_o the_o bloody_a dane_n &_o after_o that_o subject_v they_o to_o the_o norman_n yoke_n who_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o crown_n and_o realm_n of_o england_n instrumental_o by_o the_o sword_n and_o put_v by_o both_o the_o saxon_a invader_n harold_n and_o his_o posterity_n with_o edgar_n the_o saxon_a heir_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o here_o you_o have_v read_v the_o lord_n sanctify_v all_o these_o collection_n and_o observation_n to_o the_o great_a public_a good_a and_o settlement_n of_o our_o unsettle_a distract_a english_a nation_n and_o the_o private_a benefit_n of_o all_o who_o shall_v peruse_v they_o that_o they_o may_v aim_v only_o 4._o at_o that_o kingdom_n which_o can_v be_v shake_v and_o that_o crown_n of_o glory_n which_o fade_v not_o away_o not_o at_o temporal_a crown_n and_o kingdom_n which_o be_v so_o fade_v transitory_a full_a of_o thorn_n cross_n care_n fear_n vexation_n torture_n peril_n death_n finis_fw-la omission_n and_o errata_n kind_a reader_n i_o present_v thou_o with_o some_o historical_a passage_n casual_o omit_v in_o their_o due_a place_n and_o such_o error_n as_o have_v happen_v at_o the_o press_n which_o i_o desire_v thou_o to_o correct_v page_n 10._o line_n 8._o one_o 23â—_n thunder_n malicious_o accuse_v 654._o aethelbert_n and_o aethelred_n two_o kinsman_n of_o egbert_n king_n of_o kent_n educate_v and_o bring_v up_o in_o his_o court_n that_o they_o intend_v some_o time_n or_o other_o to_o take_v away_o his_o kingdom_n from_o he_o and_o thereupon_o advise_v the_o king_n either_o to_o banish_v they_o both_o into_o some_o far_a country_n or_o to_o deliver_v they_o unto_o he_o to_o destroy_v and_o murder_v without_o any_o 6._o legal_a trial_n or_o conviction_n of_o their_o guilt_n which_o thunder_n often_o instigate_a the_o king_n to_o do_v and_o he_o but_o cold_o prohibit_v or_o dislike_a thereupon_o thunder_n in_o the_o king_n absence_n rash_o presume_v ignominious_o to_o murder_v they_o in_o the_o king_n palace_n and_o then_o bury_v they_o under_o his_o royal_a chair_n in_o a_o village_n call_v estria_n the_o king_n return_v to_o his_o court_n in_o the_o dead_a of_o the_o night_n there_o appear_v a_o bright_a pillar_n send_v from_o heaven_n which_o fill_v his_o whole_a royal_a palace_n with_o a_o unspeakable_a brightness_n which_o the_o king_n servant_n behold_v be_v so_o terrify_v that_o they_o fall_v down_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o become_v almost_o distract_v the_o king_n be_v awake_v with_o the_o tumult_n of_o his_o guard_n and_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o cause_n thereof_o arise_v that_o he_o may_v go_v and_o hear_v matin_n as_o he_o be_v accustom_v and_o go_v out_o of_o his_o house_n he_o see_v the_o city_n shine_v with_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o new_a splendour_n upon_o which_o miss_v his_o kinsman_n he_o send_v for_o thunder_n and_o demand_v of_o he_o where_o they_o be_v who_o answer_v he_o like_o cain_n be_o i_o thy_o kinsman_n keeper_n to_o which_o the_o king_n reply_v thou_o have_v always_o sinister_o accuse_v they_o unto_o i_o and_o therefore_o most_o wicked_a wretch_n thou_o ought_v to_o show_v i_o where_o they_o be_v whereupon_o he_o inform_v he_o of_o their_o murder_n and_o burial_n whereat_o the_o king_n be_v very_o angry_a with_o he_o but_o return_v at_o last_o to_o himself_o he_o refund_v the_o crime_n &_o whole_a wickedness_n on_o himself_o and_o be_v confound_v beyond_o measure_n spend_v the_o residue_n of_o the_o night_n in_o tear_n when_o the_o day_n appear_v he_o send_v for_o the_o archbishop_n adeodatus_a et_fw-la magnates_fw-la quos_fw-la habere_fw-la potuit_fw-la convocarâ—_n praecepit_fw-la and_o cause_v the_o noble_n to_o be_v call_v together_o relate_v the_o whole_a business_n to_o they_o the_o archbishop_n give_v counsel_n that_o the_o body_n of_o these_o innocent_n shall_v be_v remove_v to_o the_o cathedral_n church_n and_o there_o inter_v in_o a_o royal_a manner_n thereupon_o put_v their_o body_n with_o saint_n relic_n into_o coffin_n and_o cart_n they_o intend_v to_o carry_v they_o to_o christ_n church_n in_o canterbury_n but_o in_o vain_a because_o they_o can_v not_o stir_v their_o corpse_n nor_o remove_v they_o out_o of_o the_o place_n although_o they_o attempt_v it_o with_o much_o endeavour_n and_o force_n upon_o this_o change_v their_o counsel_n they_o intend_v to_o remove_v they_o to_o st._n augustine_n church_n neither_o yet_o can_v they_o effect_v it_o at_o last_o they_o resolve_v they_o shall_v be_v remove_v to_o the_o most_o famous_a monastery_n of_o waerman_n upon_o which_o the_o cart_n present_o remove_v with_o ease_n as_o if_o they_o have_v no_o burden_n and_o they_o be_v bury_v by_o the_o high_a altar_n in_o this_o monastery_n 671._o kinewalchus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n