prince_n fly_v from_o his_o kingdom_n like_o henry_n ii_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o iii_o of_o france_n who_o have_v receive_v advice_n of_o the_o death_n of_o charles_n the_o ixth_o his_o brother_n by_o a_o courier_n that_o be_v dispatch_v to_o he_o by_o the_o queen_n his_o mother_n secret_o depart_v from_o cracow_n after_o he_o have_v enjoy_v the_o crown_n of_o poland_n five_o month_n with_o the_o love_n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n who_o be_v so_o trouble_v at_o his_o flight_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o good_a a_o prince_n that_o they_o write_v on_o the_o 12_o of_o may_n 1574._o a_o very_a press_v and_o respectful_a letter_n to_o persuade_v he_o to_o return_v the_o polander_n look_v upon_o the_o interregnum_n as_o the_o most_o favourable_a occasion_n to_o confider_v of_o the_o sure_a and_o most_o effectual_a way_n to_o preserve_v their_o liberty_n and_o though_o the_o royal_a authority_n be_v then_o proper_o lodge_v in_o the_o senate_n it_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n represent_v 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sovereign_a prince_n and_o even_o crown_v head_n themselves_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v they_o the_o title_n of_o most_o serene_a but_o when_o the_o king_n of_o france_n write_v to_o the_o republic_n assemble_v in_o a_o diet_n of_o election_n he_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o serenity_n and_o only_o write_v in_o these_o term_n to_o our_o most_o dear_a and_o great_a friend_n ally_n and_o confederate_n the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o foland_n and_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n nor_o be_v it_o reasonable_a that_o a_o king_n of_o france_n shall_v give_v the_o republic_n of_o poland_n the_o title_n of_o most_o serene_a since_o they_o do_v not_o give_v their_o own_o king_n either_o the_o title_n of_o most_o serene_a or_o of_o majesty_n i_o shall_v only_o observe_v further_a on_o this_o subject_a that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n have_v notify_v by_o his_o circular_a letter_n that_o the_o king_n be_v dead_a all_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n be_v shut_v up_o 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of_o election_n that_o he_o may_v represent_v to_o the_o republic_n that_o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o whole_a church_n that_o they_o shall_v choose_v a_o catholic_n prince_n who_o be_v a_o zealous_a assertor_n of_o the_o true_a faith_n of_o christ_n the_o polander_n usual_o choose_v a_o foreign_a prince_n for_o their_o king_n because_o they_o can_v without_o reluctancy_n submit_v to_o those_o who_o be_v former_o their_o equal_n they_o esteem_v it_o their_o happiness_n that_o they_o have_v the_o liberty_n to_o choose_v such_o a_o prince_n as_o they_o please_v but_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o their_o liberty_n be_v frequent_o the_o cause_n of_o fatal_a division_n they_o will_v not_o choose_v a_o prince_n who_o be_v king_n of_o another_o realm_n lest_o after_o his_o election_n and_o after_o he_o have_v remain_v for_o some_o time_n among_o they_o he_o shall_v leave_v they_o to_o return_v to_o his_o own_o country_n it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o 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pension_n which_o she_o allow_v he_o of_o 6000_o livre_n a_o year_n and_o as_o for_o his_o courage_n it_o may_v be_v guess_v at_o by_o what_o happen_v immediate_o after_o his_o election_n when_o he_o dare_v not_o resent_v the_o affront_n he_o receive_v from_o the_o marquis_n of_o brandenburg_n who_o without_o ask_v his_o permission_n cause_v a_o prussian_a gentleman_n who_o have_v flee_v to_o poland_n for_o protection_n to_o be_v seize_v and_o carryd_v away_o before_o the_o king_n eye_n and_o almost_o under_o the_o window_n of_o his_o palace_n it_o be_v plain_a then_o that_o the_o polander_n ought_v to_o have_v choose_v a_o prince_n that_o be_v equal_o brave_a and_o rich_a and_o able_a to_o support_v their_o totter_v state_n for_o if_o they_o have_v consider_v their_o true_a interest_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o a_o sovereign_n the_o turk_n will_v never_o have_v have_v the_o
tartar_n ought_v to_o have_v encourage_v the_o polander_n to_o pursue_v their_o victory_n and_o in_o their_o return_n to_o enter_v the_o crim_n and_o ravage_v all_o they_o can_v which_o they_o may_v have_v do_v the_o more_o easy_o because_o poland_n reach_v at_o that_o time_n to_o the_o black_a sea_n and_o because_o they_o may_v have_v surprise_v that_o peninsula_n since_o there_o be_v not_o one_o tartar_n that_o escape_v to_o carry_v the_o news_n of_o the_o defeat_n or_o of_o the_o march_n of_o the_o polander_n but_o instead_o of_o take_v this_o favourable_a opportunity_n to_o invade_v or_o at_o least_o alarm_n these_o barbarian_n with_o who_o they_o be_v sensible_a they_o can_v never_o conclude_v a_o solid_a and_o durable_a peace_n prince_n john_n albert_n return_v to_o poland_n in_o triumph_n and_o the_o king_n his_o father_n receive_v he_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o joy_n instead_o of_o check_v he_o for_o not_o pursue_v his_o victory_n and_o all_o the_o polander_v extol_v his_o 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the_o polander_n than_o he_o violate_v his_o oath_n for_o march_v out_o of_o the_o crim_n with_o 300000_o horse_n instead_o of_o invade_v the_o muscovite_n he_o enter_v into_o podolia_n and_o russia_n and_o encamp_v at_o luceoria_n from_o whence_o he_o send_v four_o of_o his_o principal_a officer_n each_o with_o a_o great_a body_n of_o horse_n keep_v only_o the_o four_o part_n of_o his_o army_n with_o himself_o who_o make_v such_o a_o terrible_a havoc_n through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o poland_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o palatinate_v of_o belcz_n leopold_n and_o lublin_n and_o the_o consternation_n of_o the_o people_n be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o alarm_n reach_v to_o hungary_n for_o they_o pillage_v burn_v ravish_a woman_n and_o maid_n and_o carry_v away_o all_o the_o cattle_n man_n woman_n and_o maid_n they_o can_v seize_v upon_o insomuch_o that_o the_o number_n of_o the_o slave_n they_o take_v amount_v to_o above_o 50000_o person_n without_o reckon_v the_o old_a and_o the_o young_a who_o they_o kill_v because_o they_o can_v not_o carry_v they_o away_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n king_n sigismond_n be_v in_o lithuania_n where_o have_v receive_v a_o account_n of_o the_o fatal_a news_n and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o remedy_v the_o disorder_n at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n he_o send_v deputy_n to_o mendlinge_n to_o complain_v of_o his_o treachery_n in_o violate_v his_o oath_n to_o which_o the_o cham_n reply_v that_o it_o be_v the_o fault_n of_o his_o child_n and_o nephew_n and_o of_o the_o insolent_a youth_n who_o he_o can_v not_o restrain_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o desire_v to_o renew_v the_o alliance_n he_o have_v make_v with_o king_n sigismond_n and_o promise_v to_o turn_v his_o arm_n against_o the_o muscovite_n according_o he_o march_v the_o same_o summer_n out_o of_o the_o crim_n and_o ravage_v all_o muscovy_n from_o whence_o he_o bring_v back_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o cattle_n and_o slave_n it_o be_v plain_a then_o that_o neither_o the_o polander_n nor_o any_o other_o christian_n ought_v to_o give_v credit_n to_o those_o barbarian_n but_o the_o second_o example_n which_o i_o shall_v relate_v will_n more_o plain_o demonstrate_v the_o infidelity_n of_o those_o mahometan_n aslan_n be_v declare_v cham_n of_o tartary_n and_o his_o fidelity_n be_v suspect_v by_o the_o grand_a signior_n the_o port_n on_o which_o the_o tartar_n depend_v resolve_v to_o send_v they_o sedetker_n for_o their_o prince_n which_o aslan_n be_v inform_v of_o by_o some_o of_o his_o friend_n and_o dread_v the_o grand_a signior_n power_n he_o send_v to_o supplicate_v sigismond_n iii_n king_n of_o poland_n to_o give_v he_o leave_v if_o the_o port_n shall_v declare_v war_n against_o he_o to_o retire_v into_o his_o territory_n about_o the_o boristhenes_n with_o 70000_o man_n pray_v he_o to_o be_v instead_o of_o a_o father_n to_o he_o and_o promise_v to_o serve_v he_o against_o all_o his_o enemy_n to_o which_o sigismond_n reply_v that_o he_o will_v receive_v he_o as_o his_o son_n that_o he_o wish_v he_o all_o happiness_n that_o he_o be_v sorry_a that_o the_o port_n be_v displease_v with_o his_o advancement_n and_o that_o if_o the_o turk_n shall_v march_v against_o he_o he_o may_v retire_v with_o safety_n into_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o boristhenes_n where_o he_o will_v assist_v he_o with_o provision_n and_o troop_n the_o polander_n who_o guard_v the_o frontier_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o they_o may_v signalise_v themselves_o by_o some_o brave_a and_o important_a action_n resolve_v to_o attack_v oczakow_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o crim_n tartar_n that_o there_o may_v be_v no_o place_n leave_v that_o can_v incommode_v those_o who_o have_v retire_v along_o the_o boristhenes_n but_o unfortunate_o three_o day_n before_o the_o polander_n arrive_v at_o oczakow_n aslan_n have_v conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o his_o cousin_n sedetker_n and_o oczakow_n be_v surrender_v to_o he_o the_o polander_n have_v no_o design_n to_o offend_v aslan_n who_o they_o know_v be_v their_o ally_n nor_o know_v that_o the_o two_o cousin_n be_v reconcile_v meet_v in_o their_o way_n 300_o tartar_n belong_v to_o the_o cham_n aslan_n who_o believe_v they_o to_o be_v his_o enemy_n they_o cut_v to_o piece_n and_o afterward_o kill_v more_o of_o the_o same_o nation_n in_o other_o place_n their_o courage_n be_v elevate_v with_o this_o success_n they_o march_v straight_o to_o oczakow_n and_o at_o their_o first_o arrival_n before_o the_o place_n take_v 3000_o horse_n that_o be_v run_v loose_a in_o the_o field_n aslan_n understanding_n what_o the_o polander_n have_v do_v send_v a_o messenger_n to_o jaslowieski_n their_o commander_n to_o acquaint_v he_o that_o since_o he_o be_v in_o league_n with_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n his_o brother_n and_o good_a friend_n and_o have_v faithful_o defend_v his_o country_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o other_o tartar_n he_o be_v extreme_o surprise_v to_o hear_v that_o the_o polander_n have_v kill_v his_o man_n and_o carry_v away_o the_o horse_n which_o he_o keep_v for_o the_o service_n of_o their_o king_n that_o he_o entreat_v he_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v restore_v to_o he_o without_o oblige_v he_o to_o right_v himself_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n to_o revenge_v the_o injury_n he_o have_v receive_v nor_o from_o a_o defendor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n to_o give_v he_o cause_n to_o become_v its_o most_o cruel_a enemy_n that_o however_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o inform_v he_o it_o be_v necessary_a he_o shall_v have_v a_o private_a conference_n with_o he_o to_o treat_v in_o a_o friendly_a manner_n of_o the_o wrong_n and_o loss_n he_o have_v sustain_v jaslowieski_n be_v deep_o concern_v at_o this_o news_n that_o do_v acquaint_v he_o with_o his_o have_v offend_v a_o prince_n who_o be_v one_o of_o poland_n ally_n and_o also_o fear_v the_o king_n resentment_n send_v word_n to_o aslan_n that_o he_o be_v extreme_o sorry_a that_o the_o polander_n have_v offend_v one_o of_o his_o king_n ally_n that_o this_o happen_v thoro_fw-la '_o a_o mistake_n not_o know_v that_o the_o tartar_n who_o he_o meet_v do_v belong_v to_o he_o and_o think_v they_o be_v some_o of_o the_o crim_n tartar_n his_o enemy_n that_o he_o pray_v he_o to_o forgive_v he_o a_o fault_n of_o which_o his_o ignorance_n be_v the_o only_a cause_n that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o restore_v all_o the_o horse_n that_o have_v be_v take_v then_o and_o give_v free_a leave_n to_o the_o tartar_n to_o come_v for_o they_o when_o they_o please_v aslan_n have_v receive_v this_o news_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o joy_n send_v immediate_o to_o fetch_v the_o horse_n and_o invite_v jaslowieski_n to_o come_v to_o oczakow_n with_o the_o man_n that_o be_v to_o bring_v they_o thither_o assure_v he_o that_o he_o have_v nothing_o to_o fear_v and_o that_o at_o his_o arrival_n
with_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o duchy_n and_o all_o that_o be_v present_a at_o court_n the_o company_n be_v of_o tradesman_n walk_v thither_o barefoot_a in_o procession_n each_o of_o they_o accompany_v with_o the_o representation_n of_o a_o coffin_n cover_v with_o a_o pall_n support_v by_o two_o men._n thus_o the_o whole_a multitude_n go_v to_o visit_v the_o relic_n of_o st._n stanislaus_n bishop_n of_o cracow_n who_o be_v kill_v in_o the_o year_n 1079_o by_o king_n boleslaus_n as_o he_o be_v say_v mass_n after_o which_o they_o bring_v back_o the_o body_n of_o the_o decease_a king_n to_o the_o chapel_n of_o the_o cathedral_n church_n which_o be_v the_o buryingplace_n of_o his_o predecessor_n the_o day_n after_o the_o funeral_n be_v the_o coronation-day_n the_o ceremony_n ought_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n as_o primate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n yet_o there_o be_v some_o example_n to_o the_o contrary_n for_o stephen_n battori_n be_v crown_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o cracow_n because_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n be_v of_o the_o faction_n of_o maximilian_n of_o austria_n who_o a_o party_n of_o polander_n have_v choose_v and_o the_o late_a king_n john_n sobieski_n be_v crown_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o cracow_n because_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesâ—a_n die_v during_o the_o diet_n of_o election_n this_o day_n the_o king_n be_v rich_o clothe_v be_v conduct_v in_o solemn_a procession_n to_o the_o cathedral_n church_n by_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o nobility_n before_o he_o enter_v into_o the_o church_n the_o great_a master_n of_o the_o horse_n of_o the_o kingdom_n bring_v the_o crown_n sceptre_n globe_n of_o gold_n and_o the_o naked_a sword_n to_o the_o archbishop_n who_o lay_v they_o upon_o the_o altar_n after_o which_o the_o bishop_n of_o cracow_n and_o cujavia_n have_v receive_v the_o king_n and_o bold_v he_o between_o they_o present_v he_o to_o the_o archbishop_n to_o who_o he_o make_v a_o bow_n the_o king_n be_v in_o this_o condition_n the_o archbishop_n and_o the_o two_o bishop_n put_v he_o in_o mind_n of_o his_o duty_n and_o obligation_n to_o the_o republic_n after_o which_o he_o kiss_v the_o archbishop_n hand_n and_o lay_v his_o own_o upon_o the_o gospel_n he_o swear_v to_o observe_v inviolable_o all_o the_o article_n which_o he_o have_v before_o swear_v to_o keep_v in_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o st._n john_n at_o warsaw_n the_o oath_n run_v thus_o we_o n._n choose_a king_n of_o poland_n and_o great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n russia_n massovia_n prussia_n samogitia_n livonia_n smolensko_n volhinia_n kiovia_n siberia_n podolia_n podlassia_n and_o czernikowia_fw-la by_o all_o the_o order_n of_o both_o estate_n of_o poland_n and_o lithuania_n and_o of_o all_o the_o province_n which_o depend_v upon_o they_o and_o be_v incorporate_v with_o they_o have_v be_v elect_v free_o and_o with_o the_o vnanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o promise_v sincere_o and_o swear_v before_o almighty_a god_n and_o upon_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n of_o jesus_n christ_n to_o maintain_v observe_v keep_v and_o fulfil_v in_o all_o their_o circumstance_n point_n and_o article_n all_o the_o right_n liberty_n immunity_n and_o privilege_n both_o public_a and_o private_a that_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o the_o common_a right_n and_o liberty_n of_o both_o these_o nation_n or_o to_o any_o law_n either_o ecclesiastical_a or_o temporal_a that_o have_v be_v just_o and_o lawful_o esiablish_v by_o our_o predecessor_n king_n of_o poland_n and_o great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n or_o grant_v by_o all_o the_o order_n during_o the_o interregnum_fw-la to_o all_o the_o roman_n catholic_n church_n lord_n baron_n gentleman_n citizen_n and_o inhabitant_n of_o what_o rank_n or_o condition_n soever_o with_o the_o pacta_fw-la conventa_fw-la agree_v upon_o betwixt_o our_o ambassador_n and_o the_o order_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n moreover_o we_o promise_v to_o maintain_v whatsever_fw-fr be_v fuâ—â—ed_v or_o agree_v upon_o in_o the_o diet_n of_o our_o election_n or_o shall_v be_v enact_v or_o agree_v upon_o in_o that_o of_o our_o coronation_n to_o execute_v the_o same_o and_o to_o cause_n to_o be_v restore_v to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o to_o the_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n and_o unite_v to_o their_o land_n and_o revenue_n whatsoever_o have_v be_v in_o any_o in_o owner_n alinate_v or_o dismember_a therefront_n by_o what_o way_n soever_o not_o to_o contract_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o great_a duchy_n of_o lithuania_n but_o to_o defend_v and_o enlarge_v they_o to_o establish_v court_n of_o justice_n in_o all_o place_n for_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o duchy_n of_o lithuania_n and_o to_o render_v justice_n to_o every_o one_o without_o delay_n or_o respect_n to_o person_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v which_o god_n forbid_v that_o we_o shall_v violate_v our_o oath_n in_o any_o one_o point_n we_o consent_v that_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o of_o all_o our_o territory_n shall_v be_v discharge_v and_o exempt_v from_o the_o obedience_n and_o fidelity_n they_o owe_v we_o after_o the_o king_n have_v take_v this_o oath_n he_o kneel_v upon_o a_o cushion_n of_o red_a taffata_n while_o the_o litany_n of_o the_o saint_n be_v read_v at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o they_o take_v off_o his_o clothes_n and_o the_o archbishop_n anoint_v his_o right_a hand_n and_o arm_v up_o to_o the_o elbow_n with_o consecrate_a oil_n and_o afterward_o his_o shoulder_n and_o forehead_n and_o then_o they_o put_v on_o his_o clothes_n again_o after_o this_o ceremony_n the_o two_o bishop_n conduct_v he_o to_o the_o chapel_n where_o they_o clothe_v he_o with_o another_o habit_n somewhat_o resemble_v that_o of_o a_o bishop_n then_o the_o marshal_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o duchy_n with_o the_o officer_n that_o be_v senator_n place_v he_o upon_o a_o throne_n erect_v in_o the_o middle_a of_o the_o church_n where_o he_o hear_v mass_n and_o be_v afterward_o bring_v back_o to_o the_o altar_n where_o the_o archbishop_n put_v a_o naked_a sword_n into_o his_o right-hand_n say_v receive_v this_o sword_n with_o which_o you_o be_v powerful_o to_o protect_v and_o defend_v the_o holy_a church_n and_o the_o faithful_a after_o which_o the_o great_a standard-bearer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n gird_n it_o to_o his_o side_n the_o king_n have_v the_o sword_n by_o his_o side_n draws_z it_o out_o of_o the_o scabbard_n and_o beat_v the_o air_n four_o time_n in_o form_n of_o a_o cross_n towards_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o have_v wipe_v it_o upon_o his_o left_a arm_n he_o put_v it_o up_o again_o into_o the_o seabbard_n then_o he_o kneel_v and_o the_o archbishop_n put_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n the_o sceptre_n into_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o globe_n of_o gold_n into_o his_o left_a after_o which_o the_o king_n rise_v and_o his_o sword_n be_v draw_v and_o give_v to_o the_o sword-bearer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o be_v carry_v before_o he_o and_o then_o march_v between_o the_o archbishop_n and_o the_o two_o bishop_n he_o be_v bring_v back_o to_o the_o same_o throne_n all_o these_o ceremony_n be_v end_v the_o archbishop_n return_v to_o the_o altar_n and_o after_o te_fw-la deum_fw-la be_v sing_v and_o that_o prelate_n seat_v the_o king_n come_v to_o make_v his_o confession_n to_o he_o after_o which_o he_o give_v the_o sacrament_n to_o his_o majesty_n and_o then_o the_o benediction_n to_o the_o people_n this_o do_v the_o marshal_n of_o the_o court_n cry_v vivat_fw-la rex_fw-la and_o be_v answer_v by_o all_o the_o people_n who_o repeat_v the_o same_o word_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o treasurer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n scatter_v money_n among_o the_o people_n who_o be_v in_o the_o church_n '_o will_v be_v needless_a to_o describe_v the_o feast_n that_o usual_o follow_v this_o ceremony_n since_o i_o intend_v in_o a_o peculiar_a chapter_n to_o give_v a_o particular_a account_n of_o the_o feast_n and_o entertainment_n of_o the_o polander_n only_o it_o may_v be_v reasonable_o suppose_v that_o a_o feast_n which_o a_o king_n make_v after_o his_o coronation_n be_v very_o splendid_a and_o magnificent_a the_o day_n after_o the_o coronation_n the_o king_n go_v in_o great_a pomp_n be_v clothe_v in_o his_o royal_a robe_n to_o the_o townhouse_n where_o upon_o a_o throne_n erect_v before_o the_o house_n the_o magistrate_n come_v to_o assure_v he_o of_o their_o fidelity_n and_o present_v he_o with_o the_o key_n of_o all_o the_o gate_n in_o a_o silver_n dish_n the_o chancellor_n or_o vicechancellor_n assure_v they_o reciprocal_o of_o the_o affection_n and_o clemency_n of_o the_o king_n and_z reads_z with_o a_o audible_a voice_n the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n which_o they_o take_v kneel_v and_o hold_v up_o their_o hand_n then_o they_o present_v his_o majesty_n with_o a_o purse_n full_a of_o ducat_n after_o
world_n in_o the_o ducal_z prussia_n near_o coningsberg_n they_o have_v at_o present_a a_o church_n and_o public_a shcool_n be_v protect_v by_o the_o present_a elector_n of_o brandenburg_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o prussian_n who_o every_o year_n in_o their_o diet_n exclaim_v against_o this_o injustice_n of_o the_o elector_n but_o at_o racovia_n the_o seat_n and_o sepulchre_n of_o faustus_n socinus_n after_o many_o change_n the_o print_v house_n and_o academy_n be_v first_o demolish_v come_v at_o last_o by_o right_n of_o inheritance_n to_o the_o grand_a daughter_n of_o james_n sieninski_n palatine_n of_o podolia_n and_o governor_n of_o racovia_n who_o embrace_v the_o roman_n catholic_n religion_n and_o be_v still_o live_v and_o this_o be_v the_o present_a state_n of_o the_o socinian_o of_o which_o none_o else_o can_v give_v a_o full_a or_o large_a account_n a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o late_a interregnum_fw-la in_o poland_n and_o the_o election_n of_o the_o present_a king_n have_v give_v the_o reader_n page_n 221._o a_o short_a epitome_n of_o the_o most_o glorious_a action_n of_o john_n sobieski_n late_a king_n of_o poland_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o complete_a his_o character_n to_o take_v notice_n here_o of_o his_o conduct_n during_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o his_o life_n which_o have_v so_o little_o answer_v the_o glorious_a beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n that_o prince_n enter_v into_o a_o common_a league_n with_o the_o emperor_n the_o republic_n of_o venice_n and_o the_o pope_n against_o the_o common_a enemy_n of_o christendom_n and_o notwithstanding_o the_o emperor_n and_o venetian_n carry_v on_o the_o war_n with_o so_o much_o vigour_n and_o success_n as_o to_o give_v a_o fair_a opportunity_n to_o the_o pole_n to_o regain_v caminiek_n and_o the_o province_n the_o turk_n and_o tartar_n have_v get_v from_o they_o yet_o to_o the_o great_a amazement_n of_o the_o world_n the_o polish_v army_n do_v nothing_o at_o all_o and_o be_v not_o able_a to_o protect_v their_o country_n against_o the_o excursion_n of_o their_o enemy_n who_o commit_v unspeakable_a disorder_n and_o carry_v a_o great_a multitude_n of_o people_n into_o slavery_n this_o occasion_v great_a murmur_n among_o the_o pole_n against_o their_o king_n and_o be_v such_o a_o blot_n as_o tranish_v the_o lustre_n of_o his_o former_a action_n several_n have_v inquire_v into_o the_o cause_n of_o so_o odd_a a_o conduct_n for_o that_o prince_n want_v neither_o courage_n or_o ability_n every_o body_n think_v that_o the_o miscarriage_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o poland_n be_v owe_v to_o the_o king_n himself_o there_o have_v be_v many_o conjecture_n on_o this_o subject_a but_o the_o only_a who_o appear_v to_o i_o well_o ground_v be_v that_o prince_n covetousness_n and_o after_o a_o impartial_a examination_n this_o seem_v to_o i_o the_o only_a remora_n who_o stop_v the_o vigorous_a resolution_n that_o be_v yearly_o take_v old_a man_n general_o speak_v be_v covetous_a the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v plain_a enough_o but_o beside_o this_o almost_o natural_a bias_n the_o little_a esteem_n the_o pole_n have_v for_o prince_n james_n be_v a_o great_a motive_n to_o engage_v his_o father_n to_o heap_v up_o money_n though_o to_o the_o visible_a detriment_n of_o the_o republic_n that_o prince_n see_v as_o i_o have_v say_v that_o the_o pole_n express_v little_a esteem_n for_o his_o elder_a son_n and_o consequent_o have_v no_o prospect_n that_o he_o shall_v succeed_v he_o mere_o upon_o account_n of_o his_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o royal_a family_n and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n know_v by_o experience_n that_o money_n be_v the_o best_a argument_n to_o recommend_v a_o prince_n to_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o pole_n resolve_v to_o hoard_n up_o money_n and_o therefore_o leave_v his_o army_n unpaid_a the_o magazine_n unprovided_a and_o live_v very_o parsimonious_a in_o his_o house_n the_o same_o reason_n oblige_v he_o to_o set_v a_o tax_n upon_o several_a thing_n that_o be_v former_o give_v gratis_o at_o his_o court_n as_o pass_n petition_n and_o the_o like_a france_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v sensible_a that_o the_o turk_n can_v hardly_o make_v head_n against_o so_o many_o enemy_n if_o all_o of_o they_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n with_o vigour_n make_v a_o good_a use_n of_o the_o covetousness_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o by_o mean_n of_o a_o yearly_o pension_n to_o that_o hungry_a prince_n disappoint_v all_o the_o design_n of_o the_o polish_v nobility_n who_o can_v hardly_o bear_v without_o murmur_n that_o caminick_n shall_v continue_v so_o long_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o infidel_n a_o violent_a and_o very_a extraordinary_a distemper_n king_n john_n labour_v under_o give_v he_o a_o sufficient_a warn_v of_o his_o death_n draw_v nigh_o he_o try_v several_a way_n to_o have_v his_o son_n choose_v his_o successor_n in_o his_o life-time_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a for_o that_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o poland_n it_o have_v be_v rare_o practise_v and_o the_o king_n be_v not_o belove_v enough_o to_o oblige_v the_o pole_n to_o act_n against_o their_o own_o law_n thus_o stand_v the_o affair_n of_o poland_n when_o king_n john_n die_v which_o happen_v the_o 17_o of_o june_n at_o nine_o a_o clock_n at_o night_n 1696._o the_o news_n of_o the_o king_n death_n be_v immediate_o carry_v by_o a_o express_a to_o dardinal_n radziowsky_n archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n primate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o regent_n during_o the_o interregnum_fw-la who_o make_v his_o entry_n into_o warsaw_n on_o the_o 24_o of_o june_n that_o be_v seven_o day_n after_o the_o king_n death_n in_o a_o most_o solemn_a and_o magnificent_a manner_n all_o the_o senator_n and_o nobility_n then_o in_o town_n ride_v forth_o above_o a_o league_n from_o the_o city_n to_o meet_v he_o with_o colour_n fly_v and_o kettle_n drum_v beat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o incredible_a crowd_n of_o people_n his_o eminence_n go_v direct_o to_o the_o castle_n and_o ascend_v into_o the_o room_n where_o the_o king_n body_n lie_v expose_v in_o his_o royal_a robe_n and_o have_v say_v a_o short_a prayer_n go_v to_o the_o queen_n apartment_n to_o condole_v her_o majesty_n he_o do_v the_o like_a to_o prince_n james_n and_o his_o brother_n and_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n call_v a_o general_n diet_n to_o meet_v on_o the_o 29_o of_o august_n follow_v to_o choose_v a_o successor_n as_o the_o cardinal_n primate_n have_v make_v a_o great_a noise_n since_o that_o time_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a to_o give_v his_o character_n in_o this_o place_n he_o be_v of_o a_o very_a good_a family_n in_o poland_n and_o son_n to_o the_o famous_a radziousky_a who_o call_v in_o the_o swede_n under_o charles_n gustavus_n he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a part_n but_o somewhat_o obstinate_a pope_n innocent_a xi_o make_v he_o a_o cardinal_n without_o any_o other_o recommendation_n but_o his_o own_o merit_n the_o than_o king_n of_o poland_n though_o his_o relation_n nor_o the_o french_a king_n be_v please_v with_o his_o promotion_n though_o time_n have_v discover_v that_o his_o eminence_n be_v absolute_o in_o the_o interest_n of_o france_n he_o go_v to_o rome_n after_o the_o doath_z of_o innocent_a xi_o and_o be_v present_a at_o the_o choose_n of_o a_o new_a pope_n which_o fall_v on_o cardinal_n ottoboni_n he_o live_v like_o a_o prince_n and_o his_o magnificence_n and_o liberality_n acquire_v he_o a_o great_a many_o friend_n upon_o the_o 29_o of_o august_n the_o diet_n assemble_v with_o the_o usual_a ceremony_n and_o after_o the_o mass_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n have_v be_v celebrate_v by_o the_o cardinal_n primate_n they_o begin_v to_o talk_v of_o the_o election_n of_o a_o marshal_n or_o speaker_n of_o their_o assembly_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o many_o dispute_n the_o lesser_a poland_n pretend_v that_o it_o be_v her_o turn_n to_o have_v a_o mareshal_n choose_v out_o of_o her_o body_n and_o great_a poland_n put_v in_o the_o same_o claim_n but_o be_v inclinable_a to_o wave_v it_o the_o lithuanian_n oppose_v it_o pretend_v that_o the_o great_a poland_n be_v to_o take_v their_o turn_n now_o that_o lithuania_n may_v have_v they_o in_o the_o next_o diet_n and_o their_o dispute_n grow_v so_o high_a that_o people_n be_v afraid_a the_o diet_n will_v break_v up_o without_o come_v to_o any_o conclusion_n the_o bishop_n of_o posen_n think_v of_o a_o new_a way_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o controversy_n and_o come_v to_o the_o assembly_n in_o procession_n at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o clergy_n pretend_v to_o allay_v their_o heat_n by_o the_o charm_n of_o his_o benediction_n but_o this_o provoke_v the_o deputy_n who_o tell_v he_o in_o great_a scorn_n they_o be_v not_o possess_v and_o therefore_o have_v no_o need_n of_o his_o exorcism_n at_o last_o the_o
glad_a of_o such_o a_o opportunity_n to_o be_v revenge_v for_o the_o ill_a usage_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o he_o according_o he_o cut_v off_o his_o master_n head_n upon_o a_o log_n of_o wood_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o piece_n of_o beef_n and_o be_v force_v to_o give_v he_o several_a slash_n before_o he_o can_v entire_o separate_v his_o head_n from_o his_o body_n stephen_n battori_n king_n of_o poland_n besiege_v the_o city_n of_o polotta_n in_o muscovy_n anno_fw-la 1579._o and_o after_o a_o most_o vigorous_a resistance_n the_o besiege_a find_v themselves_o unable_a to_o hold_v out_o long_o offer_v to_o surrender_v the_o place_n the_o capitulation_n be_v at_o last_o agree_v upon_o by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o the_o garrison_n and_o inhabitant_n except_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o governor_n who_o continual_o animate_v the_o soldier_n and_o the_o burgher_n to_o make_v a_o obstinate_a defence_n represent_v to_o they_o that_o it_o will_v be_v more_o honourable_a to_o die_v in_o the_o service_n of_o their_o prince_n than_o to_o save_v their_o life_n by_o a_o ignominious_a treaty_n and_o indeed_o neither_o the_o bishop_n nor_o the_o governor_n will_v sign_v the_o capitulation_n but_o retire_v into_o the_o church_n of_o st._n sophia_n whence_o steven_n battori_n cause_v they_o to_o be_v bring_v forth_o and_o commit_v they_o to_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o treasurer_n of_o lithuania_n when_o the_o polish_v garrison_n enter_v the_o town_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o it_o and_o to_o receive_v the_o store_n and_o ammunition_n according_a to_o the_o article_n of_o the_o capitulation_n they_o be_v surprise_v to_o behold_v so_o many_o mark_n of_o a_o horrible_a and_o brutish_a cruelty_n which_o the_o muscovite_n have_v practise_v on_o the_o polish_v prisoner_n they_o find_v some_o of_o they_o most_o barbarous_o tear_v in_o piece_n some_o half_a boil_a in_o great_a kettle_n with_o their_o hand_n tie_v behind_o their_o back_n and_o other_o who_o have_v be_v miserable_o butcher_v by_o rip_v up_o their_o belly_n the_o polander_n be_v so_o transport_v with_o rage_n and_o indignation_n at_o the_o sight_n of_o such_o a_o dismal_a scene_n of_o horror_n that_o they_o will_v have_v revenge_v the_o death_n of_o their_o countryman_n upon_o the_o whole_a muscovitish_a garrison_n but_o king_n stephen_n generous_o consider_v that_o no_o provocation_n can_v excuse_v the_o breach_n of_o a_o solemn_a treaty_n restrain_v the_o fury_n of_o his_o soldier_n and_o send_v the_o muscovite_n back_o to_o their_o own_o country_n under_o the_o convoy_n of_o two_o troop_n of_o horse_n i_o can_v easy_o produce_v many_o other_o example_n of_o this_o nature_n but_o what_o i_o have_v already_o say_v be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v that_o the_o muscovite_n be_v natural_o cruel_a i_o return_v now_o to_o that_o memorable_a irruption_n which_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n make_v into_o poland_n with_o so_o much_o violence_n and_o success_n that_o king_n john_n casimir_n and_o his_o queen_n lovise_n mary_n be_v force_v to_o leave_v the_o kingdom_n and_o to_o retire_v into_o silesia_n for_o almost_o all_o the_o nobility_n and_o even_o the_o polish_v army_n have_v abandon_v they_o and_o follow_v the_o rapidity_n of_o the_o conqueror_n fortune_n but_o the_o polander_n afterward_o be_v sensible_a of_o the_o fault_n they_o have_v commit_v in_o forsake_v their_o king_n and_o those_o who_o have_v still_o continue_v faithful_a to_o he_o resume_v fresh_a courage_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o general_n czarneski_n they_o by_o degree_n expel_v the_o swede_n who_o have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n and_o of_o the_o city_n of_o cracow_n which_o they_o have_v take_v in_o three_o day_n thus_o the_o kingdom_n be_v reconquer_v and_o the_o swede_n be_v oblige_v to_o enter_v into_o a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n which_o be_v conclude_v in_o the_o abbey_n of_o oliva_n prince_n be_v so_o apt_a to_o be_v jealous_a of_o a_o neighbour_a conqueror_n that_o they_o be_v even_o willing_a to_o assist_v a_o former_a enemy_n against_o the_o unequal_a force_n of_o a_o ambitious_a and_o successful_a invader_n for_o when_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o poland_n at_o a_o time_n when_o the_o polander_n be_v engage_v in_o a_o war_n with_o the_o cossack_n who_o have_v besiege_v leopold_n the_o muscovite_n who_o have_v also_o invade_v lithuania_n immediate_o quit_v that_o duchy_n and_o fall_v upon_o the_o swede_n in_o livonia_n in_o order_n to_o make_v a_o diversion_n and_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v natural_o enemy_n to_o all_o christian_n and_o in_o a_o particular_a manner_n to_o the_o polish_v nation_n not_o only_o send_v a_o potent_a army_n to_o assist_v the_o k._n of_o poland_n but_o force_v the_o cossack_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o leopold_n and_o to_o join_v with_o they_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o polander_n and_o the_o same_o reason_n which_o induce_v the_o muscovite_n and_o the_o tartar_n to_o succour_v the_o polander_n oblige_v the_o emperor_n also_o to_o send_v they_o some_o troop_n but_o he_o make_v they_o pay_v dear_a for_o his_o assistance_n for_o the_o saltwork_n be_v mortgage_v to_o he_o for_o some_o year_n he_o cause_v so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o salt_n to_o be_v make_v and_o export_v that_o the_o work_n be_v almost_o ruin_v nor_o be_v the_o muscovite_n and_o tartar_n the_o only_a troublesome_a neighbour_n to_o poland_n for_o it_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o follow_a relation_n that_o the_o misfortune_n of_o that_o nation_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n owe_v to_o the_o german_n vladislaus_n jagellon_n king_n of_o poland_n be_v engage_v in_o a_o war_n with_o the_o teutonic_n knight_n who_o be_v master_n of_o prussia_n and_o have_v raise_v a_o powerful_a army_n of_o polander_n lithuanian_n and_o prussian_n be_v in_o a_o condition_n to_o overpower_v his_o enemy_n and_o to_o expel_v they_o utter_o out_o of_o his_o dominion_n when_o the_o emperor_n sigismond_n of_o luxemburg_n desire_v he_o to_o refer_v the_o difference_n that_o occasion_v the_o war_n to_o his_o arbitration_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o grant_v the_o teutonic_n knight_n a_o truce_n for_o two_o year_n jagellon_n accept_v the_o offer_n and_o disband_v his_o army_n but_o since_o the_o emperor_n design_v only_o to_o gain_v time_n that_o the_o knight_n may_v be_v able_a to_o put_v themselves_o in_o a_o posture_n of_o desence_n he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o take_v care_n to_o adjust_a these_o difference_n that_o he_o be_v glad_a the_o polander_n be_v divide_v fear_v that_o after_o they_o have_v drive_v the_o teutonic_n knight_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o will_v make_v a_o vigorous_a attempt_n to_o retake_v silesia_n which_o the_o king_n of_o bohemia_n have_v late_o usurp_v king_n jagellon_n perceive_v that_o the_o emperor_n have_v disappoint_v he_o send_v to_o put_v he_o in_o mind_n of_o his_o promise_n but_o it_o seem_v sigismond_n have_v either_o forget_v or_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o remember_v the_o service_n which_o the_o polander_n have_v do_v he_o in_o the_o year_n 1414_o when_o they_o oblige_v the_o turk_n to_o restore_v all_o the_o prisoner_n they_o have_v take_v and_o to_o grant_v he_o a_o truce_n for_o six_o year_n and_o that_o jagellon_fw-mi not_o only_o refuse_v the_o crown_n of_o bohemia_n which_o the_o revolt_a hussites_n have_v offer_v he_o but_o exhort_v they_o to_o return_v to_o their_o obedience_n to_o the_o church_n and_o to_o their_o prince_n thus_o without_o consider_v those_o important_a service_n and_o without_o examine_v the_o matter_n he_o give_v judgement_n against_o the_o polander_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o teutonic_n knight_n which_o so_o incense_v king_n jagellon_n that_o he_o dispatch_v one_o immediate_o to_o reproach_v he_o with_o his_o ingratitude_n and_o injustice_n and_o to_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o renounce_v his_o friendship_n whereupon_o sigismond_n endeavour_v to_o excuse_v himself_o by_o pretend_v that_o he_o be_v impose_v upon_o by_o the_o knight_n though_o the_o emperor_n know_v that_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n have_v just_a cause_n to_o be_v angry_a with_o he_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o seem_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o his_o resentment_n that_o he_o go_v as_o far_o as_o luceoria_n to_o see_v he_o and_o his_o uncle_n vitold_v pretend_v a_o earnest_a desire_n to_o be_v reconcile_v to_o they_o though_o his_o real_a design_n be_v to_o divide_v '_o they_o he_o know_v that_o the_o latter_a be_v a_o violent_a and_o ambitious_a prince_n and_o that_o his_o nephew_n have_v entrust_v he_o with_o a_o very_a great_a authority_n in_o lithuania_n and_o resolve_v to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o opportunity_n to_o corrupt_v his_o fidelity_n and_o inspire_v he_o with_o a_o inclination_n to_o revolt_v he_o insinuate_v that_o a_o prince_n of_o so_o much_o merit_n ought_v not_o to_o depend_v â—pon_o his_o nephew_n but_o to_o think_v how_o
this_o place_n he_o find_v the_o cossack_n and_o tartar_n join_v together_o who_o he_o attack_v and_o fight_v for_o three_o day_n together_o during_o which_o time_n the_o battle_n be_v very_o obstinate_a on_o both_o side_n but_o at_o last_o the_o polish_v army_n obtain_v a_o entire_a victory_n over_o the_o cossack_n and_o tartar_n and_o put_v chemelnski_n and_o the_o cham_n who_o command_v in_o person_n to_o flight_n this_o deseat_n oblige_v chemelnski_n to_o make_v a_o peace_n with_o poland_n which_o be_v conclude_v sept._n 28._o 1651_o but_o last_v not_o long_o for_o soon_o after_o the_o cossack_n be_v enrage_v by_o the_o insolency_n of_o the_o polish_v nobility_n and_o fear_v to_o fall_v again_o into_o their_o ancient_a bondage_n attack_v the_o army_n of_o the_o republic_n and_o total_o rout_v it_o i_o observe_v before_o that_o chemelnski_n have_v always_o the_o policy_n to_o enter_v into_o a_o alliance_n with_o such_o prince_n who_o be_v best_a able_a to_o support_v he_o in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o maxim_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o understand_v that_o the_o tartar_n have_v make_v a_o peace_n with_o poland_n not_o dare_v to_o rely_v upon_o his_o own_o single_a strength_n he_o put_v himself_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o muscovite_n in_o the_o year_n 1654._o and_o make_v a_o league_n with_o they_o which_o cost_v the_o polander_n the_o city_n of_o smolensko_n which_o the_o muscovite_n take_v the_o same_o year_n chemelnski_n die_v anno_fw-la 1658_o the_o cossack_n choose_v one_o vihowski_n for_o their_o general_n and_o threaten_v that_o they_o will_v put_v themselves_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o turk_n or_o the_o d._n of_o muscovy_n if_o the_o republic_n will_v not_o grant_v all_o that_o they_o demand_v upon_o which_o king_n john_n casimir_n consider_v that_o it_o will_v be_v equal_o disadvantageous_a to_o his_o kingdom_n whether_o they_o submit_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o muscovy_n or_o the_o turk_n conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o they_o by_o which_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o all_o their_o captain_n shall_v be_v gentleman_n of_o poland_n that_o vihowski_n their_o general_n shall_v be_v palatin_a of_o kiowia_fw-la that_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o greek_a religion_n shall_v be_v admit_v to_o the_o chief_a office_n and_o that_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o kiowia_fw-la shall_v have_v the_o rank_n of_o a_o senator_n beside_o the_o starostie_a of_o lubomliana_n be_v give_v to_o vihowski_n and_o that_o of_o bobrois_fw-mi to_o nieczaio_n on_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v hold_v they_o as_o fief_n of_o the_o republic_n these_o condition_n be_v afterward_o ratify_v by_o the_o diet_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o cossack_n captain_n from_o miserable_a peasant_n of_o russia_n as_o they_o be_v by_o their_o birth_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o polish_v nobleman_n i_o have_v already_o observe_v that_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o cossack_n be_v partly_o occasion_v by_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o polish_v gentleman_n for_o they_o be_v their_o lord_n and_o have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n over_o they_o as_o they_o have_v still_o in_o poland_n over_o all_o their_o peasant_n those_o of_o vkrania_n not_o be_v able_a to_o support_v their_o insolency_n begin_v to_o revolt_v and_o by_o degree_n expel_v all_o the_o nobility_n there_o be_v several_a great_a lord_n who_o by_o this_o revolution_n lose_v above_o 100000_o crown_n a_o year_n among_o who_o be_v the_o above_o mention_v prince_n visnovieski_n who_o son_n i_o have_v see_v in_o poland_n so_o poor_a that_o he_o have_v only_o a_o yearly_a pension_n of_o six_o thousand_o livre_n which_o queen_n mary_n lovise_n allow_v he_o to_o subsist_v upon_o but_o fortune_n afterward_o raise_v he_o to_o the_o throne_n upon_o the_o abdication_n of_o king_n casimir_n as_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o observe_v in_o its_o proper_a place_n that_o fatal_a revolt_n of_o the_o cossack_n which_o begin_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o sigismond_n iii_n augment_v by_o degree_n under_o the_o follow_a king_n not_o only_o deprive_v many_o polish_v gentleman_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o give_v the_o tartar_n occasion_n to_o carry_v away_o above_o a_o million_o of_o person_n into_o slavery_n but_o be_v also_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n throughout_o vkrania_n for_o it_o may_v be_v reasonable_o suppose_v that_o the_o turk_n endeavour_v to_o settle_v mahometism_n in_o that_o country_n in_o imitation_n of_o all_o conqueror_n who_o the_o letter_n to_o secure_v the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o people_n who_o they_o subdue_v force_v they_o to_o receive_v their_o religion_n as_o the_o most_o effectual_a way_n to_o keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n to_o their_o new_a master_n and_o even_o though_o the_o turk_n shall_v not_o endeavour_v to_o settle_v mahometism_n in_o all_o their_o conquest_n it_o will_v at_o last_o become_v the_o modish_a religion_n since_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o people_n to_o take_v the_o language_n and_o religion_n of_o a_o prince_n who_o favour_n they_o be_v desirous_a to_o procure_v the_o cossack_n have_v under_o several_a general_n maintain_v a_o war_n against_o the_o polander_n who_o perpetual_o labour_v to_o reduce_v they_o they_o be_v at_o last_o oblige_v to_o call_v in_o the_o turk_n and_o to_o put_v themselves_o under_o their_o protection_n thus_o be_v those_o infidel_n admit_v into_o vkrania_n and_o easy_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o city_n of_o caminiec_n which_o they_o find_v destitute_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o provision_n nevertheless_o they_o take_v it_o by_o capitulation_n but_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o observe_v the_o article_n they_o have_v grant_v by_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v to_o continue_v still_o in_o the_o profession_n of_o their_o ancient_a religion_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v master_n of_o the_o place_n they_o carry_v away_o into_o slavery_n all_o the_o people_n of_o that_o unhappy_a city_n and_o leave_v no_o mark_n of_o its_o have_v be_v once_o inhabit_v by_o christian_n but_o only_o the_o cathedral_n church_n which_o they_o have_v also_o turn_v to_o a_o mosque_n these_o be_v the_o fatal_a consequence_n of_o the_o insupportable_a tyranny_n of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o poland_n and_o of_o their_o unjustifiable_a cruelty_n to_o their_o subject_n but_o long_o before_o the_o turk_n invade_v poland_n they_o look_v upon_o vkrania_n as_o a_o country_n which_o they_o resolve_v to_o conquer_v at_o any_o rate_n and_o which_o they_o may_v easy_o subdue_v if_o the_o cossack_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o desire_v their_o protection_n beside_o they_o be_v willing_a to_o take_v hold_n of_o so_o favourable_a a_o opportunity_n to_o deliver_v themselves_o from_o such_o cruel_a and_o formidable_a enemy_n who_o have_v so_o often_o harass_v they_o by_o their_o piracy_n on_o the_o black_a sea_n they_o have_v make_v peace_n with_o the_o emperor_n and_o consequent_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o keep_v a_o army_n in_o hungary_n and_o after_o the_o abdication_n of_o king_n john_n casimir_n who_o be_v a_o valiant_a prince_n the_o people_n have_v choose_v a_o peaceable_a king_n in_o his_o place_n they_o consider_v also_o that_o the_o revolt_n of_o the_o cossack_n give_v they_o a_o free_a passage_n into_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fertile_a country_n such_o as_o vkrania_n certain_o be_v and_o invite_v they_o to_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o caminiec_n which_o be_v the_o key_n of_o that_o province_n for_o that_o city_n which_o be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o upper_a podolia_n be_v fortify_v by_o nature_n be_v situate_v on_o a_o rock_n environ_v by_o a_o very_a deep_a broad_a and_o sleep_v ditch_n which_o be_v fill_v with_o water_n by_o the_o river_n smotrzy_n which_o almost_o quite_o surround_v the_o city_n so_o that_o it_o leave_v only_o a_o narrow_a passage_n into_o it_o and_o it_o be_v that_o entry_n only_o which_o be_v fortify_v by_o art_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v sufficient_o defend_v by_o nature_n nevertheless_o it_o must_v be_v 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or_o foreign_a war._n it_o be_v in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o design_n that_o in_o a_o diet_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o germany_n he_o complain_v of_o king_n sigismund_n proceed_n allege_v that_o he_o be_v contrive_v indirect_a method_n to_o expel_v the_o teutonic_n knight_n out_o of_o prussia_n which_o they_o have_v purchase_v with_o their_o blood_n and_o where_o they_o have_v extirpated_a paganism_n and_o establish_v the_o faith_n of_o jesus_n christ_n but_o see_v he_o can_v not_o prevail_v with_o the_o prince_n to_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n at_o a_o time_n when_o all_o the_o christian_n be_v ready_a to_o enter_v in_o a_o confederacy_n against_o the_o turk_n he_o make_v a_o league_n with_o basil_n duke_n of_o muscovy_n and_o persuade_v he_o to_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o polaender_n and_o to_o invade_v lithuania_n the_o muscovite_n rely_v upon_o this_o new_a alliance_n with_o the_o emperor_n scruple_v not_o to_o violate_v the_o peace_n he_o have_v 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and_o there_o be_v not_o only_a deputy_n who_o make_v a_o noise_n at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o marshal_n but_z during_o the_o whole_a progress_n of_o the_o diet_n that_o they_o may_v extort_v favour_n from_o the_o court_n nay_o there_o be_v some_o who_o force_v the_o king_n to_o comply_v with_o they_o by_o threaten_v to_o break_v up_o the_o diet_n if_o he_o do_v not_o answer_v their_o expectation_n for_o there_o be_v so_o few_o of_o they_o that_o have_v a_o sincere_a regard_n to_o the_o true_a interest_n of_o the_o republic_n that_o there_o be_v scarce_o one_o to_o be_v find_v among_o they_o that_o be_v capable_a of_o resist_v the_o temptation_n of_o 2000_o crown_n thus_o the_o court_n may_v purchase_v the_o vote_n of_o the_o member_n or_o dissolve_v a_o overbold_a and_o obstinate_a diet_n by_o seatter_v sufficient_a sum_n among_o the_o mercenary_a deputy_n and_o even_o not_o only_o the_o neighbour_n but_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o kingdom_n may_v by_o the_o same_o mean_n procure_v a_o rupture_n in_o the_o diet_n when_o they_o find_v the_o honest_a party_n resolve_v to_o take_v effectual_a measure_n for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o republic_n before_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v resolve_v in_o the_o diet_n it_o must_v be_v propose_v by_o the_o deputy_n and_o approve_v by_o the_o king_n and_o senate_n and_o before_o it_o can_v pass_v into_o a_o law_n it_o must_v be_v revise_v by_o the_o marshal_n of_o the_o deputy_n and_o two_o of_o the_o deputy_n beside_o or_o else_o by_o three_o senator_n and_o six_o deputy_n after_o which_o it_o must_v be_v read_v in_o the_o senate_n in_o the_o king_n presence_n and_o the_o chancellor_n must_v ask_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n whether_o the_o king_n senators_z and_o deputy_n will_v have_v the_o seal_v put_v to_o it_o then_o it_o be_v seal_v and_o insert_v in_o the_o register_n of_o warsaw_n or_o in_o those_o of_o the_o chancery_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o one_o of_o the_o king_n secretary_n take_v care_v to_o get_v it_o print_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o public_a treasury_n that_o it_o may_v be_v send_v to_o the_o petty_a diet_n and_o to_o the_o court_n of_o all_o the_o palatinat_n they_o treat_v in_o all_o diet_n not_o only_o of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o republic_n but_o also_o of_o particular_a person_n thus_o in_o one_o of_o the_o diet_n they_o take_v cognizance_n of_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o order_n of_o maltha_n and_o prince_n demetrius_n vicznowieski_n who_o take_v possession_n of_o a_o estate_n which_o the_o duke_n ostrog_n his_o brother-in-law_n have_v give_v to_o that_o order_n and_o in_o another_o diet_n those_o who_o murder_v gonczeski_n petty_a general_n of_o lithuania_n be_v prosecute_v and_o condemn_v to_o be_v behead_v but_o in_o case_n of_o treason_n against_o the_o king_n the_o polander_n pretend_v that_o neither_o his_o majesty_n nor_o the_o order_n of_o the_o nobility_n ought_v to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o judge_a and_o determine_v of_o the_o cause_n and_o it_o be_v on_o this_o score_n that_o the_o marshal_n lubomiski_n complain_v against_o k._n john_n casimir_n who_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v condemn_v for_o contumacy_n in_o the_o diet_n hold_v at_o warsaw_n anno_fw-la 1664._o nevertheless_o in_o a_o diet_n hold_v in_o the_o same_o city_n 1582._o king_n steven_n batteri_n bring_v several_a deputy_n into_o the_o senate_n to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o trial_n and_o judgement_n of_o sborowski_n who_o be_v accuse_v of_o treason_n against_o the_o king_n which_o that_o great_a prince_n do_v that_o all_o the_o nobility_n may_v be_v witness_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o proceed_n it_o be_v in_o a_o general_n diet_n that_o they_o give_v the_o indigenat_n that_o be_v the_o right_a of_o nobility_n to_o stranger_n which_o render_v they_o capable_a of_o possess_v some_o small_a pension_n or_o gift_n of_o the_o
be_v a_o twist_v of_o the_o hair_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o unravel_v it_o these_o twist_v lock_n can_v be_v compare_v to_o any_o thing_n more_o fit_o than_o to_o those_o long_a and_o nasty_a rope_n of_o hair_n upon_o some_o spaniel_n the_o polander_n give_v this_o account_n of_o the_o original_a of_o this_o distemper_n they_o say_v that_o the_o tartar_n have_v make_v a_o furious_a irruption_n into_o poland_n in_o the_o year_n 1279_o and_o have_v kill_v a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n they_o poison_v their_o heart_n and_o throw_v they_o into_o the_o water_n which_o infect_v those_o who_o drink_v they_o with_o this_o loathsome_a disease_n the_o true_a cause_n whereof_o be_v still_o a_o secret_a to_o physician_n stranger_n general_o believe_v that_o the_o plica_fw-la be_v the_o effect_n of_o slovenliness_n and_o not_o of_o any_o distemper_n and_o they_o be_v confirm_v in_o this_o opinion_n because_o they_o be_v never_o trouble_v with_o it_o even_o though_o they_o live_v a_o long_a time_n in_o the_o country_n for_o if_o their_o hair_n begin_v to_o twist_n when_o they_o fall_v sick_a they_o cause_v it_o immediate_o to_o be_v cut_v off_o which_o the_o polander_n dare_v not_o do_v for_o fear_n of_o lose_v their_o sight_n which_o they_o imagine_v be_v a_o unavoidable_a consequence_n of_o cut_v off_o the_o hair_n in_o this_o distemper_n yet_o i_o have_v know_v some_o who_o hair_n be_v actual_o cut_v off_o without_o any_o dangerous_a accident_n but_o the_o people_n be_v so_o persuade_v that_o the_o plica_fw-la be_v a_o distemper_n that_o there_o be_v some_o old_a woman_n who_o pretend_v to_o bring_v it_o out_o upon_o child_n that_o be_v trouble_v with_o languish_v disease_n by_o mix_v and_o twist_v their_o hair_n and_o make_v their_o mother_n believe_v that_o the_o child_n be_v only_o sick_a because_o the_o plica_fw-la can_v break_v forth_o chap._n xxiv_o of_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o polander_n the_o polander_n receive_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o mieceslaus_n in_o the_o year_n 964._o and_o have_v ever_o since_o remain_v in_o subjection_n to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n except_o some_o who_o in_o the_o last_o age_n embrace_v the_o doctrine_n of_o luther_n and_o calvin_n at_o present_v the_o polander_n be_v general_o roman_a catholic_n except_o in_o russia_n where_o there_o be_v still_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o person_n who_o observe_v the_o rite_n of_o the_o greek_a church_n and_o in_o prussia_n where_o there_o be_v many_o lutheran_n as_o at_o dantzick_n elbing_n thorn_n and_o mariemburg_n there_o be_v also_o some_o socinian_n former_o but_o king_n john_n casimir_n expel_v they_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o 1658_o and_o oblige_v they_o to_o sell_v their_o estate_n in_o three_o year_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o sigismond_n augustus_n nicholas_n radziwill_n be_v the_o first_o who_o turn_v calvinist_n and_o protect_v those_o of_o that_o persuasion_n in_o his_o house_n at_o vilna_n where_o they_o sing_v the_o psalm_n translate_v into_o the_o vulgar_a tongue_n but_o that_o branch_n of_o the_o house_n of_o radziwill_n be_v now_o whole_o extinct_a the_o last_o have_v leave_v only_o one_o daughter_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o elector_n of_o brandenburg_n second_o son_n the_o ecclesiastic_n in_o general_n be_v very_o much_o respect_v in_o poland_n but_o the_o monk_n or_o regular_a clergy_n be_v more_o esteem_v than_o the_o rest_n and_o well_o entertain_v every_o where_n they_o read_v homily_n in_o the_o church_n and_o carry_v the_o sacrament_n private_o to_o sick_a person_n and_o even_o sometime_o bury_v the_o dead_a without_o ask_v the_o consent_n either_o of_o the_o bishop_n or_o curate_n the_o mendicant_a friar_n who_o go_v about_o beg_v alm_n enter_v bold_o to_o the_o very_a closet_n without_o knock_v at_o the_o door_n the_o monk_n in_o poland_n be_v general_o rich_a but_o they_o be_v neither_o regular_a nor_o modest_a for_o they_o usual_o drink_v in_o cellar_n which_o be_v the_o tavern_n of_o that_o country_n and_o sometime_o to_o that_o excess_n that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o walk_v in_o the_o street_n without_o fear_v either_o to_o be_v censure_v by_o their_o superior_n or_o to_o give_v any_o occasion_n of_o scandal_n to_o the_o people_n the_o fast_n that_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o monk_n and_o by_o all_o the_o polander_n in_o general_n consist_v only_o in_o abstain_v from_o milk_n egg_n and_o boil_a fish_n at_o night_n for_o they_o may_v eat_v dry_v fish_n for_o their_o collation_n and_o provide_v they_o fast_o at_o that_o time_n they_o imagine_v that_o they_o may_v eat_v and_o drink_v all_o the_o day_n long_o they_o abstain_v from_o butter_n egg_n and_o milk_n on_o friday_n and_o saturday_n for_o they_o believe_v there_o be_v no_o difference_n betwixt_o milk_n and_o flesh_n as_o for_o the_o secular_a clergy_n there_o be_v some_o of_o they_o who_o have_v not_o only_o two_o canonship_n but_o two_o parsonage_n but_o there_o be_v none_o of_o they_o who_o take_v care_n to_o perform_v the_o duty_n of_o their_o function_n the_o curate_n make_v the_o monk_n instruct_v their_o parishioner_n and_o leave_v the_o other_o duty_n of_o their_o office_n to_o be_v perform_v by_o vicar_n the_o canon_n be_v never_o present_a at_o the_o office_n and_o give_v a_o poor_a scholar_n two_o penny_n a_o day_n to_o say_v their_o hour_n for_o they_o in_o the_o quire_n and_o the_o bishop_n themselves_o be_v so_o careless_a of_o their_o episcopal_a function_n that_o they_o dare_v not_o correct_v the_o inferior_a clergy_n the_o polander_n seem_v very_o devout_a and_o bestow_v considerable_a gift_n upon_o their_o church_n but_o they_o be_v neither_o liberal_a to_o the_o poor_a nor_o careful_a of_o their_o sick_a servant_n they_o pray_v aloud_o in_o the_o church_n and_o at_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o sacrament_n at_o mass_n they_o beat_v themselves_o and_o knock_v their_o head_n against_o the_o pavement_n or_o against_o the_o bench_n on_o which_o they_o sit_v with_o so_o much_o violence_n that_o on_o such_o occasion_n there_o be_v always_o a_o great_a noise_n in_o the_o church_n the_o woman_n common_o use_v their_o prayer-book_n with_o a_o chaplet_n of_o bead_n draw_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o '_o they_o in_o winter_n all_o the_o lady_n of_o quality_n and_o even_o some_o man_n cause_n a_o fur_v bag_n to_o be_v bring_v to_o church_n in_o which_o they_o put_v their_o foot_n for_o the_o wether_n be_v extreme_o cold_a especial_o for_o the_o woman_n who_o have_v fine_a thin_a shoe_n they_o wear_v also_o a_o little_a fur_v mantle_n upon_o their_o shoulder_n the_o church_n of_o poland_n be_v very_o fine_a and_o well-adorned_a the_o jesuit_n of_o leopold_n have_v a_o chasuble_a cover_v so_o thick_a with_o pearl_n and_o so_o heavy_a that_o they_o can_v use_v it_o when_o they_o say_v mass_n it_o be_v value_v at_o above_o 100000_o livre_n they_o sing_v somewhat_o in_o the_o polish_v tongue_n every_o where_o especial_o in_o the_o parish_n at_o high-mass_n the_o rosary_n be_v also_o daily_o repeat_v in_o the_o same_o language_n in_o all_o the_o church_n of_o the_o dominican_n where_o the_o woman_n be_v seat_v on_o one_o side_n and_o the_o man_n on_o the_o other_o the_o man_n alone_o sing_v the_o ave_fw-la maria_n and_o the_o woman_n alone_o the_o sancta_fw-la maria._n there_o be_v monk_n of_o all_o order_n in_o poland_n except_o carthusian_n and_o minim_n chap._n xxv_o of_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o jurisdiction_n in_o poland_n ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a the_o former_a be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o bishop_n who_o execute_v it_o by_o their_o official_o from_o who_o judgement_n there_o lie_v a_o appeal_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n the_o primate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o beside_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n nuncio_n be_v so_o great_a that_o he_o may_v judge_v all_o ecclesiastic_a cause_n by_o appeal_n the_o civil_a jurisdiction_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o several_a sort_n of_o judge_n the_o starosta_n hold_n court_v within_o the_o extent_n of_o their_o territory_n and_o each_o city_n have_v a_o right_a to_o give_v judgement_n in_o certain_a case_n every_o palatin_n marshal_n and_o chancellor_n have_v his_o respective_a jurisdiction_n the_o king_n the_o senate_n and_o the_o general_a diet_n determine_v civil_a and_o criminal_a cause_n and_o beside_o the_o nobility_n have_v three_o court_n where_o they_o give_v final_a judgement_n in_o cause_n without_o further_a appeal_n there_o be_v two_o of_o those_o court_n for_o the_o kingdom_n and_o one_o for_o the_o duchy_n those_o of_o the_o kingdom_n sit_v at_o peotrkow_n in_o lower_n and_o lublin_n in_o upper_a poland_n and_o that_o of_o the_o duchy_n be_v hold_v one_o year_n at_o viina_n and_o another_o at_o minsk_n or_o at_o nowogrodeck_n by_o turn_n they_o be_v compose_v
of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o gentleman_n both_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n who_o be_v choose_v in_o each_o palatinat_n the_o lay-member_n once_o in_o four_o year_n and_o the_o ecclesiastic_n every_o two_o year_n the_o judgement_n be_v give_v by_o plurality_n of_o voice_n but_o in_o matter_n that_o be_v pure_o ecclesiastical_a the_o number_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n must_v be_v equal_a to_o that_o of_o the_o secular_a there_o be_v also_o two_o court_n for_o affair_n relate_v to_o the_o finance_n one_o at_o radom_n in_o upper_a poland_n and_o the_o other_o at_o vilna_n the_o palatine_n take_v cognizance_n of_o nothing_o but_o such_o matter_n as_o relate_v to_o the_o jew_n the_o marshal_n give_v final_a judgement_n without_o further_a appeal_n in_o all_o cause_n both_o civil_a and_o criminal_a relate_v to_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n household_n and_o to_o the_o domestic_a servant_n of_o the_o senator_n who_o remain_v with_o the_o king_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o marshal_n extend_v over_o the_o merchant_n and_o over_o all_o forreignner_n who_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o procure_v justice_n in_o this_o country_n the_o chancellor_n only_o determine_v such_o cause_n as_o be_v bring_v before_o they_o by_o appeal_n as_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o magistrate_n of_o city_n and_o of_o palatine_n when_o the_o difference_n be_v between_o a_o christian_a and_o a_o jew_n the_o punishment_n of_o malefactor_n be_v of_o several_a kind_n some_o for_o example_n be_v hang_v and_o other_o behead_v the_o variety_n of_o punishment_n do_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o different_a quality_n of_o the_o criminal_n but_o from_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o crime_n for_o they_o hang_v a_o robber_n of_o what_o quality_n soever_o he_o be_v and_o they_o behead_v all_o sort_n of_o person_n for_o all_o other_o crime_n but_o robbery_n unless_o for_o some_o enormous_a villainy_n which_o be_v punish_v by_o break_v the_o malefactor_n on_o the_o wheel_n or_o by_o cut_v off_o two_o thoug_n or_o long_a piece_n of_o the_o skin_n of_o his_o back_n master_n have_v also_o a_o power_n to_o correct_v and_o chastise_v their_o servant_n which_o they_o do_v in_o this_o manner_n if_o the_o servant_n that_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v be_v a_o gentleman_n they_o make_v he_o lie_v down_o upon_o his_o belly_n on_o a_o carpet_n that_o be_v spread_v upon_o the_o ground_n than_o a_o man_n beat_v he_o on_o the_o back_n with_o a_o cord_n or_o stick_v give_v he_o as_o many_o blow_v or_o lash_n as_o the_o master_n who_o be_v usual_o present_a order_n after_o which_o he_o who_o be_v beat_v embrace_v the_o knee_n of_o he_o who_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v beat_v and_o call_v he_o his_o benefactor_n this_o correction_n seem_v a_o little_a too_o severe_a but_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o people_n make_v it_o necessary_a since_o i_o have_v mention_v the_o way_n of_o punish_v servant_n who_o be_v gentleman_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a to_o observe_v that_o polish_v gentleman_n may_v serve_v as_o coachman_n groom_n cook_n and_o do_v all_o the_o mean_a office_n without_o derogate_a from_o their_o nobility_n or_o render_v they_o incapable_a of_o the_o high_a preferment_n for_o i_o have_v know_v some_o of_o they_o who_o after_o they_o have_v be_v footboy_n to_o some_o great_a lord_n and_o other_o who_o after_o they_o have_v be_v drummer_n to_o a_o company_n of_o dragoon_n be_v advance_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o senator_n and_o in_o the_o general_n there_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o handicraft-trade_n that_o derogate_v from_o nobility_n in_o this_o country_n chap._n xxvi_o of_o marriage_n and_o funeral_n marriage_n and_n funeral_n be_v extreme_o chargeable_a in_o poland_n for_o when_o a_o gentleman_n marry_v whether_o he_o be_v rich_a or_o poor_a the_o wedding_n must_v last_v three_o day_n the_o marriage_n of_o a_o waiting-gentlewoman_n put_v her_o lady_n to_o almost_o the_o same_o charge_n as_o if_o one_o of_o she_o own_o daughter_n be_v marry_v as_o for_o the_o marriage_n at_o court_n of_o the_o queen_n maid_n of_o honour_n or_o of_o the_o daughter_n of_o some_o great_a lord_n on_o the_o first_o and_o second_o day_n the_o king_n make_v the_o wedding-feast_n which_o be_v hold_v in_o a_o great_a hall_n where_o three_o table_n be_v spread_v the_o king_n and_o queen_n sit_v at_o the_o first_o front_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o hall_n the_o bride_n and_o bridegroom_n be_v seat_v by_o the_o queen_n side_n and_o the_o pope_n nuncio_n and_o archbishop_n of_o gnesna_n sit_v next_o the_o king_n the_o ambassador_n be_v also_o seat_v at_o the_o same_o table_n opposite_a to_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n so_o that_o they_o be_v all_o under_o the_o canopy_n of_o state_n yet_o there_o be_v some_o example_n to_o the_o contrary_a for_o at_o the_o feast_n which_o sigismond_n iii_o make_v at_o cracow_n upon_o occasion_n of_o his_o marriage_n with_o constance_n of_o austria_n in_o the_o year_n 1606_o he_o cause_v the_o cardinal_n maciejowski_n the_o pope_n nuncio_n who_o be_v nominate_v to_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o gnesna_n to_o be_v remove_v from_o under_o the_o canopy_n the_o lady_n senators_z and_o all_o the_o officer_n except_o those_o who_o be_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n be_v seat_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o other_o two_o table_n which_o be_v very_o long_o before_o they_o sit_v down_o they_o be_v all_o call_v over_o in_o order_n that_o they_o may_v take_v their_o place_n according_a to_o their_o rank_n the_o feast_n begin_v usual_o about_o four_o or_o five_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n and_o they_o continue_v drink_v and_o dance_v till_o two_o in_o the_o morning_n the_o senator_n rise_v from_o time_n to_o time_n from_o the_o table_n and_o go_v before_o the_o king_n to_o drink_v his_o health_n and_o do_v he_o obedience_n by_o bend_v the_o knee_n though_o the_o table_n be_v cover_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o provision_n yet_o they_o eat_v but_o little_a at_o those_o feast_n but_o they_o drink_v abundance_n of_o hungary_n 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