blame_v who_o do_v not_o either_o preveen_n or_o repledge_a baily_n of_o regality_n may_v likewise_o repledge_a from_o the_o king_n lieutenent_n as_o be_v find_v the_o 19_o of_o august_n 1596._o and_o as_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o annexation_n and_o likewise_o from_o any_o commissioner_n appoint_v by_o the_o council_n as_o be_v find_v in_o may_n 1568._o and_o from_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n in_o riot_n and_o blood_n as_o be_v find_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n july_n 1617._o though_o these_o cause_n be_v of_o small_a moment_n and_o require_v summar_n and_o unexpensive_a cognition_n seem_v to_o require_v easy_a and_o less_o solemn_a trial_n in_o the_o procedor_fw-la than_o repledgiation_n will_v allow_v and_o yet_o by_o c._n 11._o the_o appell_n i_o find_v that_o licebat_fw-la in_o remimina_fw-la appellare_fw-la nor_o can_v the_o party_n injure_v complain_v since_o they_o may_v have_v make_v their_o application_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n nor_o shall_v their_o error_n prejudge_v his_o jurisdiction_n vii_o the_o manner_n of_o repledgiation_n from_o any_o court_n be_v that_o either_o the_o party_n himself_o who_o have_v the_o power_n of_o repledge_v or_o some_o other_o have_v a_o procurator_n from_o he_o compear_v and_o produce_v his_o charter_n of_o erection_n from_o the_o production_n of_o the_o seize_v be_v not_o sufficient_a see_v that_o be_v but_o assertio_fw-la notarii_fw-la yet_o sometime_o without_o production_n of_o the_o charter_n repledgiation_n will_v be_v sustain_v because_o it_o be_v notour_n that_o the_o repledger_n have_v a_o regality_n as_o in_o the_o duke_n of_o lennox_z case_n 1637._o as_o also_o repledgiation_n will_v be_v sustain_v upon_o production_n of_o the_o criminal_a register_n bear_v that_o it_o be_v former_o sustain_v to_o the_o same_o person_n may_v 1668._o arducaple_n against_o the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o highland_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o production_n of_o a_o lord_n of_o regality_n retour_fw-fr will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o instruct_v that_o he_o have_v a_o regality_n and_o it_o appear_v it_o shall_v since_o a_o retour_fw-fr be_v a_o sentence_n and_o so_o be_v a_o sufficient_a instruction_n till_o it_o be_v reduce_v he_o who_o offer_v to_o repledge_a must_v find_v caution_n of_o culrach_n to_o do_v justice_n within_o year_n and_o day_n upon_o the_o person_n who_o he_o repledge_v and_o if_o the_o judge_n to_o who_o he_o be_v repledged_a do_v not_o justice_n within_o year_n and_o day_n he_o tine_v his_o court_n as_o we_o call_v it_o for_o year_n and_o day_n and_o the_o culrach_n for_o so_o the_o cautioner_n be_v call_v who_o have_v upon_o his_o become_a cautioner_n borrow_v the_o defender_n be_v in_o a_o unlaw_n and_o the_o judge_n from_o who_o he_o be_v borrow_v or_o repledged_a may_v proceed_v to_o do_v justice_n as_o former_o skeen_n de_fw-fr verb._n sig_n the_o panel_n likewise_o who_o be_v repledged_a must_v find_v caution_n for_o his_o own_o appearance_n before_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n to_o under_o the_o law_n for_o the_o crime_n lay_v to_o his_o charge_n the_o 16._o of_o may_v 1599_o patrick_n m_n ckalla_o against_o the_o regality_n of_o lennox_n no_o person_n can_v be_v repledged_a except_o he_o be_v present_a at_o the_o court_n from_o which_o he_o be_v desire_v to_o be_v repledged_a for_o a_o party_n who_o be_v absent_a can_v find_v caution_n to_o sist_z himself_o before_o the_o court_n to_o which_o he_o be_v repledged_a as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o armstrong_n who_o be_v pursue_v for_o murder_v some_o customer_n be_v desire_v to_o be_v repledged_a by_o the_o earl_n of_o annandale_n anno_fw-la 1666._o nor_o can_v a_o person_n be_v repledged_a after_o defence_n be_v propon_v for_o he_o for_o this_o be_v recusatio_fw-la judicis_fw-la it_o must_v be_v ante_fw-la omne_fw-la propon_v dum_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la integra_fw-la viii_o when_o regality_n be_v erect_v there_o be_v a_o burgh_n of_o regality_n express_v therein_o and_o though_o that_o burgh_n may_v choose_v baily_n yet_o the_o bailie_n of_o regality_n have_v still_o a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n with_o those_o baily_n of_o the_o burgh_n of_o regality_n in_o that_o same_o way_n that_o other_o superior_n retain_v still_o a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n with_o their_o regality_n as_o be_v find_v the_o 24._o of_o january_n 1668._o betwixt_o the_o bailie_n of_o killimure_n and_o the_o burgh_n thereof_o this_o burgh_n be_v oblige_v to_o maintain_v a_o sufficient_a prison_n not_o only_o for_o criminal_n but_o for_o debtor_n by_o the_o 273._o act_n 15._o parl._n ja._n 6._o and_o all_o caption_n bear_v the_o letter_n to_o be_v direct_a to_o baily_n of_o regality_n etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o by_o that_o act_n these_o burgh_n seem_v only_o to_o be_v oblige_v to_o entertain_v prisoner_n where_o there_o be_v provost_n baily_n and_o common-good_a nota_fw-la that_o these_o word_n of_o that_o act_n by_o the_o sheriff_n to_o stewart_n and_o baily_n of_o regality_n be_v ill_o print_v for_o the_o word_n to_o shall_v be_v or_o the_o lord_n likewise_o decide_v thus_o against_o the_o baily_n of_o regality_n the_o 7._o of_o july_n 1668._o hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la callender_n in_o this_o burgh_n all_o court_n must_v be_v hold_v yet_o defender_n be_v oblige_v to_o compear_v at_o any_o other_o place_n within_o the_o regality_n to_o which_o they_o be_v express_o cite_v as_o have_v observe_v in_o a_o case_n the_o 16._o of_o march_n 1622._o or_o if_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n be_v in_o use_n to_o hold_v his_o court_n else_o where_o for_o a_o considerable_a time_n without_o interruption_n the_o vassal_n or_o any_o other_o defender_n be_v oblige_v to_o appear_v thereat_o though_o it_o be_v not_o the_o place_n design_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o erection_n as_o had._n observe_v december_n 1624._o and_o if_o the_o party_n who_o be_v desire_v to_o be_v repledged_a dwell_v within_o the_o regality_n the_o time_n of_o the_o commit_n of_o the_o crime_n the_o repledgiation_n will_v be_v sustain_v though_o at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o be_v accuse_v he_o be_v remove_v without_o the_o regality_n as_o be_v find_v the_o 21._o of_o november_n 1632._o in_o the_o case_n of_o one_o weems_n who_o be_v desire_v to_o be_v repledged_a to_o the_o regality_n of_o methwen_n lord_n of_o regality_n be_v oblige_v to_o hold_v justice-court_n twice_o a_o year_n 3._o parl._n k._n ja._n 2._o act._n 5._o and_o if_o they_o be_v negligent_a in_o cause_v rest_n and_o steal_a good_n be_v restore_v the_o sheriff_n may_v fulfil_v their_o place_n act_n 11._o parl._n 15._o ja._n 2._o and_o when_o erection_n fall_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o may_v be_v justify_v id_fw-la est_fw-la judge_v by_o the_o justice_n act_n 26._o par._n 6._o k._n i._n 6_o but_o this_o act_n can_v only_o take_v place_n till_o a_o stewart_n or_o bailie_n be_v appoint_v for_o regulariter_fw-la the_o king_n own_o stewart_n of_o regality_n may_v repledge_v from_o the_o justice_n a_o lord_n of_o regality_n can_v fit_v himself_o in_o his_o own_o court_n but_o must_v administer_v by_o a_o bailie_n who_o be_v sometime_o admit_v by_o a_o simple_a commission_n during_o his_o life_n or_o otherwise_o he_o be_v admit_v to_o be_v heritable_a bailie_n which_o right_o pass_v by_o infestment_n but_o this_o bailie_n be_v in_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o be_v proper_o call_v the_o stewart_n of_o the_o regality_n though_o sometime_o the_o king_n depute_n in_o regality_n be_v likewise_o call_v baily_n as_o in_o the_o 5._o act._n 3._o parl._n k_o i._n 2._o ix_o lord_n of_o regality_n can_v cite_v witness_n without_o their_o own_o jurisdiction_n but_o they_o must_v have_v letter_n of_o supplement_n for_o that_o office_n though_o general_o they_o may_v proceed_v in_o the_o same_o way_n that_o the_o justice-general_n do_v but_o they_o may_v exact_v caution_n to_o enter_v as_o law-will_a from_o the_o defender_n after_o sentence_n be_v give_v as_o be_v find_v the_o 7._o of_o october_n 1668._o betwixt_o mr._n john_n prestoun_n and_o mr._n john_n pape_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o great_a privilege_n than_o the_o justice_n have_v who_o can_v present_o exact_v caution_n of_o any_o person_n for_o pay_v a_o unlaw_n but_o can_v only_o raise_v letter_n of_o horning_n upon_o the_o act_n of_o adjournal_n the_o lord_n of_o regality_n have_v right_a to_o the_o single_a escheat_n of_o rebel_n live_v within_o their_o jurisdiction_n as_o also_o to_o the_o escheat_n of_o all_o person_n condemn_v for_o crime_n commit_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n within_o their_o jurisdiction_n albeit_o condemn_v by_o the_o justice_n from_o which_o general_a rule_n hope_v in_o his_o lesser_a practic_n except_v only_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n but_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o exception_n may_v not_o be_v likewise_o make_v of_o all_o other_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n see_v the_o lord_n
for_o above_o a_o hundred_o pound_n shall_v be_v sustain_v except_o it_o be_v otherwise_o warrant_v then_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o clerk_n albeit_o by_o the_o 75._o act_n parl._n 6._o k._n ja._n 5._o the_o baron_n precept_n for_o summons_n in_o that_o court_n be_v so_o call_v shall_v be_v execute_v as_o summons_n before_o the_o lord_n and_o copy_n shall_v be_v leave_v and_o they_o endorse_v upon_o yet_o the_o 11._o of_o july_n 1634._o hay_o against_o airth_n it_o be_v find_v that_o execution_n by_o a_o baron_n officer_n be_v valid_a though_o not_o give_v in_o writ_n and_o that_o the_o same_o be_v probable_a by_o witness_n iii_o a_o baron_n have_v power_n may_v judge_v of_o theft_n if_o the_o thief_n be_v take_v in_o the_o fang_n quon_n attach_v cap._n 100_o where_o it_o be_v statute_v that_o baro_fw-la qui_fw-la libertatem_fw-la habet_fw-la de_fw-la sock_n &_o sack_n towle_z &_o theme_n possunt_fw-la judicare_fw-la furem_fw-la sasitum_fw-la de_fw-la aliquo_fw-la furto_fw-la manifesto_fw-la sicut_fw-la haud_fw-la haebband_n &_o back_o beirand_a de_fw-fr praxi_fw-la baron_n do_v not_o punish_v slaughter_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o do_v so_o because_o 1._o the_o power_n of_o pit_n and_o gallow_n will_v import_v the_o power_n of_o judge_a life_n and_o death_n 2._o by_o the_o 77._o cap._n quon_n attach_v omnes_fw-la barrones_n qui_fw-la habent_fw-la furcam_fw-la &_o fossam_fw-la de_fw-la latrocinio_fw-la de_fw-la hominis_fw-la occissione_n habeant_fw-la furcam_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la curiam_fw-la as_o the_o marginal_a note_n bear_v and_o by_o the_o 13._o cap._n leg._n mal._n 2._o it_o be_v statute_n that_o malefactor_n who_o hold_v of_o baron_n may_v be_v condemn_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o other_o malefactor_n be_v except_o in_o the_o four_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n in_o which_o baron_n have_v no_o power_n from_o which_o it_o may_v be_v very_o clear_o infer_v that_o quo_fw-la ad_fw-la other_o crime_n they_o have_v nam_fw-la exceptio_fw-la firmat_n regulam_fw-la in_o non_fw-la exceptis_fw-la 3._o by_o the_o 91._o act_n parl._n 1_o i._o 2._o it_o be_v statute_n if_o a_o man_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o barony_n if_o the_o baron_n be_v infest_v with_o such_o freedom_n he_o may_v proceed_v as_o the_o sheriff_n do_v and_o albeit_o hope_v in_o his_o large_a practic_n observe_n that_o these_o word_n of_o the_o act_n if_o he_o be_v infest_v with_o such_o freedom_n may_v receive_v various_a interpretation_n yet_o i_o see_v no_o interpretation_n they_o can_v proper_o receive_v except_o this_o that_o these_o word_n be_v mean_v if_o he_o have_v the_o jurisdiction_n proper_a and_o competent_a to_o a_o baron_n which_o be_v pit_n and_o gallow_n nam_fw-la verba_fw-la generabia_fw-la interpretanda_fw-la sunt_fw-la secundum_fw-la subjectam_fw-la materiam_fw-la albeit_o wilful_a fire-raising_a be_v one_o of_o the_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n yet_o a_o baron_n may_v cognosce_fw-la upon_o and_o punish_v the_o raiser_n of_o fire_n rash_o within_o husband_n town_n in_o the_o barony_n i._o 1._o parl._n 4._o cap._n 75._o the_o word_n of_o which_o statute_n be_v if_o fire_n happen_v within_o husband_n town_n of_o barony_n we_o leave_v they_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o their_o lord_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o bailiff_n in_o town_n do_v within_o burgh_n in_o which_o act_n by_o the_o word_n lord_n be_v mean_v baron_n for_o they_o be_v in_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n call_v lord_n of_o their_o own_o land_n or_o barony_n a_o baron_n may_v unlaw_n for_o absence_n for_o ten_o pound_n but_o not_o above_o and_o for_o blood_n he_o may_v unlaw_n for_o fifty_o pound_n but_o not_o above_o vitle_n fourteen_o of_o justice_n of_o peace_n our_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v call_v irenarchae_fw-la which_o signify_v in_o the_o greek_a the_o keeper_n of_o the_o peace_n irenarchae_fw-la erant_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la tutelam_fw-la quietis_fw-la ac_fw-la pacis_fw-la per_fw-la singula_fw-la territoria_fw-la faciunt_fw-la stare_v concordiam_fw-la dicebantur_fw-la etiam_fw-la latrunculatores_fw-la sen_fw-la latronum_fw-la expulsores_fw-la their_o office_n be_v to_o apprehend_v rebel_n and_o thief_n who_o they_o can_v only_o examine_v and_o send_v to_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o province_n but_o can_v not_o judge_v they_o themselves_o their_o office_n be_v more_o full_o describe_v lib._n 10._o c._n tit_n 75._o but_o to_o speak_v proper_o latrunculatores_fw-la be_v our_o constable_n call_v by_o the_o greek_a lawyer_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d justice_n of_o peace_n and_o constable_n be_v once_o full_o settle_v among_o we_o by_o k._n i._n 6._o but_o their_o office_n have_v fall_v in_o desuetude_n it_o be_v revive_v by_o 38._o act_n 1._o parl._n 1_o sess._n k._n ch._n the_o 2._o by_o this_o act_n they_o be_v allow_v to_o meet_v four_o time_n in_o the_o year_n and_o to_o adjudge_v of_o servant_n fee_n and_o of_o mend_v the_o high_a way_n they_o have_v power_n to_o punish_v the_o cutter_n and_o destroyer_n of_o plant_v green_a wood_n slayer_n of_o red_a and_o black_a fish_n maker_n of_o moorburn_a keeper_n of_o crooves_n wilful_a beggar_n egyptian_n and_o their_o receptor_n drunkard_n prophaner_n of_o the_o sabbath_n as_o to_o all_o which_o his_o majesty_n promise_v to_o give_v they_o ample_a commission_n and_o to_o the_o end_n their_o power_n may_v not_o prejudge_v any_o other_o court_n former_o erect_v it_o be_v appoint_v by_o that_o act_n that_o fifteen_o day_n shall_v expire_v after_o the_o commit_n of_o the_o fact_n for_o which_o the_o committer_n be_v to_o be_v convene_v which_o interval_n be_v give_v to_o the_o judge_n competent_a to_o do_v diligence_n and_o if_o he_o omit_v the_o same_o during_o that_o time_n than_o the_o justice_n may_v judge_v the_o same_o and_o one_o justice_n have_v power_n to_o bind_v the_o party_n complain_v upon_o to_o the_o peace_n under_o such_o pecunial_a sum_n as_o he_o shall_v think_v fit_a and_o that_o either_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o complainer_n who_o shall_v give_v his_o oath_n that_o he_o dread_v harm_n or_o the_o justice_n himself_o may_v exact_v the_o sum_n though_o none_o complain_v and_o if_o any_o person_n be_v charge_v to_o make_v his_o appearance_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n shall_v refuse_v it_o he_o be_v a_o land_a man_n who_o rent_n exceed_v a_o thousand_o mark_n or_o ten_o chalder_n of_o victual_n than_o he_o shall_v inform_v any_o of_o his_o majesty_n privy_a council_n or_o if_o he_o be_v a_o mean_a person_n he_o may_v cause_n bring_v he_o by_o force_n before_o himself_o if_o the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n condemn_v any_o person_n in_o blood-weit_a or_o any_o other_o pain_n but_o not_o proportional_o to_o the_o offence_n then_o the_o justice_n shall_v inform_v the_o privy_a council_n that_o they_o may_v take_v order_n therewith_o but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o satisfaction_n make_v by_o the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n to_o the_o party_n the_o justice_n may_v modify_v a_o reasonable_a satisfaction_n if_o the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n do_v by_o collusion_n clear_v the_o delinquent_n of_o a_o assize_n the_o party_n once_o clear_v be_v not_o to_o be_v further_o question_v but_o the_o judge_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o privy_a council_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v declare_v judge_n competent_a to_o all_o riot_n and_o break_v of_o peace_n if_o the_o committeeâs_v be_v under_o the_o degree_n of_o nobleman_n prelate_n counsellor_n and_o senator_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n who_o may_v refer_v the_o summons_n to_o the_o party_n oath_n if_o he_o be_v personal_o summon_v and_o thereupon_o hold_v he_o as_o confess_v but_o if_o the_o summons_n be_v not_o personal_o execute_v than_o the_o defender_n be_v to_o be_v summon_v of_o new_a at_o his_o dwell_a house_n and_o these_o two_o citation_n at_o his_o dwell_a house_n shall_v be_v equivalent_a to_o one_o that_o be_v personal_a if_o the_o committer_n be_v above_o the_o foresay_a quality_n than_o the_o justice_n though_o they_o can_v judge_v they_o may_v for_o prevent_v of_o riot_n command_v they_o to_o find_v caution_n for_o keep_v of_o the_o peace_n and_o to_o compear_v before_o the_o privy_a council_n and_o though_o they_o compear_v not_o yet_o whatever_o breach_n they_o commit_v in_o the_o interim_n shall_v be_v repute_n as_o great_a a_o contravention_n as_o if_o they_o have_v find_v caution_n at_o the_o end_n of_o every_o quarter_n session_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v to_o send_v to_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o council_n a_o catalogue_n of_o all_o such_o person_n as_o they_o either_o have_v commit_v or_o have_v under_o surety_n with_o a_o short_a abreviat_fw-la of_o the_o cause_n thereof_o which_o be_v that_o which_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o the_o former_a title_n call_v transmittere_fw-la cum_fw-la elogio_fw-la to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o council_n may_v determine_v betwixt_o and_o the_o quarter_n session_n what_o shall_v be_v do_v with_o they_o
hate_v such_o as_o design_n to_o inform_v they_o as_o if_o he_o be_v more_o my_o friend_n who_o will_v set_v my_o family_n by_o the_o ear_n than_o he_o who_o instruct_v my_o child_n and_o servant_n in_o necessary_a duty_n there_o be_v but_o too_o many_o who_o endeavour_n now_o to_o make_v all_o who_o they_o hate_v pass_v for_o such_o as_o love_v arbitrary_a government_n but_o as_o in_o many_o passage_n of_o my_o former_a life_n i_o have_v prefer_v my_o country_n interest_n to_o my_o own_o so_o in_o this_o book_n i_o endeavour_v to_o oppose_v arbitrariness_n where_o it_o be_v most_o dreadful_a and_o that_o be_v in_o matter_n criminal_a in_o which_o life_n and_o fortune_n be_v equal_o expose_v for_o he_o who_o disintere_o declare_v his_o own_o opinion_n before_o private_a case_n occur_v wherein_o interest_n or_o inclination_n may_v bias_n he_o do_v in_o so_o much_o praeclude_v himself_o and_o other_o too_o as_o far_o as_o his_o authority_n can_v reach_v from_o the_o power_n of_o be_v arbitrary_a and_o let_v other_o say_v what_o they_o please_v i_o will_v stand_v more_o in_o awe_n of_o my_o conscience_n then_o of_o my_o enemy_n and_o govern_v myself_o more_o by_o my_o own_o reason_n then_o by_o the_o giddy_a multitude_n i_o hope_v i_o need_v not_o be_v jealous_a that_o our_o public_a difference_n will_v make_v any_o unkind_a to_o this_o book_n which_o be_v publish_v for_o their_o service_n and_o which_o be_v now_o more_o accurate_a than_o when_o it_o at_o first_o please_v they_o in_o sheet_n i_o do_v print_v it_o not_o only_o to_o correct_v the_o many_o false_a copy_n which_o be_v abroad_o but_o to_o divert_v i_o from_o refine_n too_o much_o upon_o our_o public_a debate_n and_o i_o wish_v the_o read_n it_o may_v have_v the_o same_o effect_n upon_o other_o and_o that_o all_o of_o we_o will_v turn_v thing_n to_o their_o true_a light_n and_o consider_v without_o passion_n how_o happy_a we_o be_v who_o live_v under_o a_o prince_n of_o our_o own_o religion_n and_o blood_n who_o clemency_n be_v as_o extraordinary_a as_o his_o restitution_n who_o govern_v we_o by_o our_o own_o law_n and_o country_n man_n and_o distribute_v all_o his_o own_o revenue_n among_o we_o that_o we_o enjoy_v by_o his_o prudence_n a_o profound_a peace_n whilst_o other_o bleed_v or_o starve_v in_o last_a war_n that_o all_o the_o commerce_n of_o europe_n be_v gather_v in_o among_o we_o that_o we_o be_v free_a from_o those_o suck_a tax_n under_o which_o they_o groan_v and_o be_v but_o late_o rescue_v from_o a_o rebellion_n in_o which_o after_o we_o have_v empty_v our_o vein_n and_o purse_n for_o religion_n and_o liberty_n we_o become_v atheist_n and_o slave_n the_o index_n part_n i._n 1._o of_o crime_n in_o general_a and_o by_o what_o law_n they_o be_v judge_v in_o scotland_n 21._o the_o division_n of_o crime_n 25._o blasphemy_n 29._o heresy_n 34._o simony_n baratry_n 37._o treason_n laesae_fw-la majestas_fw-la 64._o sedition_n 67._o poison_n 72._o de_fw-fr incendiariis_fw-la or_o fire-raiser_n 80._o witchcraft_n 109._o murder_n 139._o of_o duel_n 148._o self-murder_n 152._o parricide_n 159._o incest_n sodomy_n bestiality_n 163._o rape_n or_o ravish_v 169._o adultery_n 185._o bigamy_n 190._o theft_n 211._o theft-boot_n and_o receipt_n 218._o hame-sucken_a 223._o break_v of_o prison_n 230._o de_fw-fr dardanatiis_fw-la or_o forestallers_a 236._o usury_n 248._o the_o bribe_v partiality_n and_o negligence_n of_o judge_n 255._o deforcement_n 268._o falshood_n 286._o stellionatus_fw-la 290._o perjury_n 303._o of_o injury_n personal_a and_o real_a and_o of_o infamous_a libel_n 309._o poind_v of_o ox_n in_o time_n of_o labour_v 314._o bear_v of_o unlawful_a weapon_n 317._o beggar_n and_o vagabond_n 319._o robbery_n oppression_n vis_fw-la publica_fw-la &_o privata_fw-la 331._o be_v and_o part_n open_a &_o consilio_fw-la 347._o some_o crime_n punish_v among_o the_o roman_n which_o be_v not_o direct_o in_o use_n with_o we_o part_n ii_o 351._o of_o jurisdiction_n in_o general_n 355._o of_o the_o judge_n competent_a de_fw-fr foro_fw-la competenti_fw-la 364._o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o parliament_n in_o crime_n 367._o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o high_a constable_n in_o criminal_n 372._o the_o jurisdiction_n competent_a to_o the_o high_a chamberlain_n and_o magistrate_n of_o burgh_n royal._n 374._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o majesty_n privy_a council_n in_o criminal_n 385._o of_o the_o exchequer_n jurisdiction_n in_o criminal_n 386._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n in_o criminal_n 393._o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n in_o criminal_n 397._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o commissar_n in_o criminal_n 401._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o regalitis_n in_o criminal_n 411._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o sheriff_n in_o criminal_n 417._o the_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n of_o baron_n 420._o of_o justice_n of_o peace_n 423._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o of_o the_o several_a employment_n and_o officer_n of_o that_o court._n 429._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n over_o soldier_n and_o of_o military_a crime_n 434._o advocation_n of_o criminal_a cause_n 442._o of_o inquisition_n 446._o of_o accusation_n and_o accuser_n 456._o of_o advocat_n and_o procurator_n 462._o of_o libel_n and_o the_o form_n of_o process_n thereto_o relate_v 476._o of_o exculpation_n and_o the_o other_o privilege_n competent_a to_o the_o defender_n 488._o of_o assizes_n 511._o of_o probation_n by_o confession_n 522._o probation_n by_o oath_n by_o writ_n and_o by_o presumption_n 527._o probation_n by_o witness_n 543._o of_o torture_n 546._o of_o remission_n 551._o of_o prescription_n in_o crime_n 556._o of_o punishment_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la 567._o of_o criminal_a sentence_n and_o their_o execution_n part_n i._n title_n i._o of_o crymes_n in_o general_a and_o by_o what_o law_n they_o be_v judge_v in_o scotland_n 1_o how_o crymes_n differ_v from_o delict_n and_o malefice_n 2_o in_o what_o consist_v the_o nature_n and_o essence_n of_o a_o crime_n 3_o by_o what_o law_n crime_n be_v punish_v in_o scotland_n 4_o how_o far_o dole_n or_o design_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o commit_a crime_n and_o how_o tendency_n and_o insinuation_n be_v punish_v 5_o whether_o minor_n can_v commit_v crymes_n 6_o whether_o such_o as_o sleep_n can_v commit_v crymes_n 7_o whether_o such_o as_o be_v drink_v be_v punishable_a for_o crymes_n 8_o whether_o furious_a person_n be_v punishable_a 9_o whether_o a_o university_n or_o collective_a body_n be_v punishable_a god_n almighty_a have_v create_v this_o low_a world_n to_o be_v equal_o a_o instance_n of_o his_o power_n and_o of_o his_o goodness_n do_v furnish_v it_o with_o great_a variety_n of_o excellent_a and_o wonderful_a production_n but_o lest_o these_o shall_v be_v deface_v at_o pleasure_n by_o man_n who_o have_v ruin_v himself_o do_v little_a value_n and_o be_v much_o incline_v to_o ruin_v every_o thing_n beside_o therefore_o god_n do_v not_o only_o imprint_v upon_o his_o soul_n some_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d common_a principle_n whereby_o he_o be_v lead_v to_o love_v order_n but_o do_v likewise_o fence_v the_o aeconomy_n and_o government_n he_o have_v place_v in_o the_o world_n with_o reward_n and_o punishment_n and_o it_o be_v just_a that_o as_o these_o who_o do_v virtuous_o be_v to_o be_v reward_v so_o these_o who_o be_v vicious_a shall_v be_v punish_v which_o punishment_n be_v the_o subject-matter_n of_o the_o criminal_a law_n and_o of_o this_o treatise_n i._o transgression_n or_o peccatum_fw-la be_v by_o modestinus_n l._n obligamur_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr obl_n &_o act._n make_v the_o root_n of_o all_o enormity_n and_o be_v divide_v delicta_fw-la into_o quasi_fw-la delicta_fw-la &_o crimina_fw-la quasi_fw-la delicta_fw-la be_v such_o fault_n and_o transgression_n as_o be_v not_o so_o heinous_a that_o they_o deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v criminal_o such_o as_o small_a riot_n delicta_fw-la be_v such_o as_o deserve_v a_o more_o severe_a punishment_n but_o yet_o because_o they_o tend_v not_o to_o wrong_v the_o commonwealth_n and_o public_a security_n immediate_o therefore_o do_v not_o deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o any_o express_a law_n as_o crymes_n crymes_n be_v these_o injury_n do_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v so_o immediate_a and_o heinous_a as_o that_o they_o be_v punish_v by_o express_a law_n this_o distinction_n be_v use_v by_o matheus_n but_o farinacius_n make_v delictam_fw-la the_o genus_fw-la and_o divide_v it_o in_o crimen_fw-la &_o maleficium_fw-la with_o we_o this_o subtlety_n be_v not_o observe_v for_o the_o word_n crime_n comprehend_v both_o crymes_n and_o delict_n the_o summon_v raise_v for_o accuse_v in_o both_o be_v call_v criminal_a letter_n and_o the_o court_n in_o which_o both_o be_v judge_v the_o criminal_a court_n neither_o use_v we_o the_o word_n malefice_fw-la in_o any_o crime_n but_o in_o witchcraft_n in_o which_o it_o signify_v that_o prejudice_n and_o damnage_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o unlawful_a mean_n use_v by_o sorcerer_n ii_o in_o
oppression_n to_o exact_v more_o fraught_v from_o passenger_n or_o great_a price_n for_o weaver_n and_o handiwork_n than_o what_o be_v allow_v and_o usual_a act_n 21_o and_o 23._o parl._n 5._o q._n m._n it_o be_v oppression_n to_o stop_v or_o make_v impediment_n of_o common_a high_a way_n to_z or_o from_o burgh_n act_n 54._o parl._n 6._o q_o m._n it_o be_v oppression_n for_o officer_n to_o extort_v the_o liege_n act_n 33._o p._n 5._o i._o 3._o &_o act_n 83._o parl._n 11._o i._o 6._o or_o to_o put_v out_o or_o put_v in_o the_o roll_n of_o assizour_n give_v to_o he_o by_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi act_n 88_o parl._n 11._o i._o 6._o in_o which_o last_o act_n common_a oppressor_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n oppression_n be_v also_o punishable_a by_o death_n act._n 42._o parl._n 4._o ja._n 4._o act_n 88_o parl._n 11._o ja._n 6._o vii_o because_o ofttimes_o in_o their_o case_n the_o panel_n pretend_v that_o what_o he_o do_v take_v by_o force_n be_v his_o own_o or_o that_o he_o have_v a_o right_a thereto_o therefore_o except_o the_o violence_n be_v very_o great_a the_o justice_n use_n to_o ordain_v the_o matter_n of_o right_a to_o be_v first_o discuss_v before_o the_o civil_a judge_n as_o be_v find_v in_o novemb_n 1675_o in_o the_o case_n of_o inglis_n of_o east-sheilds_a and_o in_o many_o other_o case_n and_o by_o the_o 33._o act._n 4._o parl._n i._n 5._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o as_o for_o depredation_n masterful_a reiff_n and_o spoilzy_n particular_a diet_n shall_v be_v set_v therefore_o at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o matter_n be_v first_o civil_o discuss_v before_o they_o upon_o which_o act_n it_o be_v ofttimes_o allege_a before_o the_o justice_n that_o the_o cause_n must_v be_v civil_o discuss_v before_o the_o session_n in_o all_o masterful_a reiff_n before_o they_o can_v proceed_v to_o cognosc_fw-la thereupon_o but_o notwithstanding_o of_o this_o the_o justice_n do_v constant_o sustain_v criminal_a process_n for_o reiff_n and_o robbery_n without_o any_o previous_a civil_a precognition_n and_o they_o find_v this_o act_n to_o be_v now_o in_o desuetude_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o monimusk_n 27._o of_o november_n 1611._o and_o i_o think_v that_o by_o lord_n in_o that_o act_n be_v not_o mean_v the_o lord_n of_o sâssion_n for_o that_o act_n be_v two_o year_n prior_n to_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o session_n but_o that_o by_o lord_n there_o be_v mean_v the_o justice_n themselves_o for_o there_o be_v no_o session_n at_o that_o time_n the_o justice_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o many_o civil_a case_n original_o such_o as_o perambulation_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o all_o civil_a case_n if_o they_o have_v a_o necessary_a connexion_n with_o or_o dependence_n upon_o criminal_a case_n and_o therefore_o where_o the_o person_n who_o be_v allege_v to_o have_v commit_v masterful_a reiff_n or_o spuilzy_n can_v pretend_v that_o what_o he_o do_v be_v in_o prosecution_n of_o his_o own_o right_n the_o justice_n have_v a_o latitude_n to_o try_v the_o matter_n of_o right_n first_o civil_o but_o this_o be_v never_o necessary_a for_o it_o be_v by_o the_o act_n leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o judge_n it_o remain_v then_o to_o be_v consider_v how_o far_o the_o take_n away_o by_o violence_n what_o be_v real_o a_o man_n own_o can_v infer_v a_o guilt_n against_o he_o which_o difficulty_n may_v be_v clear_v in_o these_o few_o conclusion_n 1._o that_o the_o thing_n violent_o possess_v though_o by_o a_o common_a spuilzie_n and_o much_o more_o by_o a_o masterful_a reiff_n aught_o to_o be_v restore_v nam_fw-la spoliatus_fw-la est_fw-la ante_fw-la omne_fw-la restituendus_fw-la and_o that_o though_o he_o who_o take_v away_o what_o be_v his_o own_o can_v instant_o prove_v his_o right_n and_o since_o this_o hold_v where_o the_o violence_n be_v only_o commit_v by_o a_o simple_a riot_n it_o shall_v by_o a_o strong_a consequence_n hold_v where_o the_o thing_n be_v take_v away_o by_o such_o violent_a mean_n as_o amount_v to_o a_o crime_n and_o so_o this_o shall_v be_v no_o good_a defence_n either_o against_o a_o criminal_a or_o civil_a pursuit_n 2._o not_o only_o aught_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v restore_v but_o even_o the_o true_a proprietar_n who_o intromet_v with_o his_o own_o by_o open_a force_n &_o violence_n be_v punishable_a for_o the_o law_n will_v not_o allow_v that_o any_o man_n shall_v be_v judge_n to_o himself_o but_o much_o less_o that_o he_o shall_v use_v violence_n &_o force_v upon_o any_o account_n and_o this_o be_v to_o invade_v or_o assume_v jurisdiction_n which_o be_v in_o itself_o a_o crime_n the_o three_o conclusion_n be_v that_o if_o any_o man_n do_v by_o force_n or_o violence_n extort_v from_o another_o a_o writ_n or_o obligation_n which_o he_o can_v have_v obliedge_v he_o in_o law_n to_o grant_v that_o force_n be_v not_o only_o punishable_a criminally_n but_o the_o deed_n so_o extort_a be_v reducable_a by_o a_o civil_a pursuit_n as_o be_v find_v in_o january_n 1675._o though_o it_o be_v allege_v there_o that_o such_o force_n may_v be_v criminal_o punish_v yet_o the_o deed_n so_o grant_v can_v not_o be_v reduce_v since_o such_o deed_n be_v only_o reduceable_a where_o something_o may_v be_v restore_v but_o here_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v restore_v since_o the_o deposition_n allege_v to_o be_v extort_a by_o force_n depend_v upon_o a_o former_a minute_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o the_o grant_a can_v have_v be_v compel_v to_o have_v grant_v the_o same_o and_o this_o be_v the_o same_o case_n as_o if_o a_o creditor_n shall_v compel_v his_o debtor_n by_o force_n to_o pay_v he_o what_o be_v his_o own_o in_o which_o though_o the_o force_n be_v punishable_a yet_o the_o debtor_n can_v not_o repeat_v what_o he_o have_v just_o pay_v as_o be_v clear_a not_o only_o by_o common_a sense_n and_o reason_n but_o l._n 12._o ff_n quoth_v meet_v cause_n julianus_n ait_fw-fr eum_fw-la qui_fw-la vim_o adhibuit_fw-la ut_fw-la debitori_fw-la svo_fw-la ut_fw-la ei_fw-la solverit_fw-la hoc_fw-la edicto_fw-la non_fw-la teneri_fw-la propter_fw-la naturam_fw-la actionis_fw-la metus_fw-la causa_fw-la quae_fw-la damnum_fw-la exegit_fw-la quamvis_fw-la negari_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la in_o juliam_fw-la eum_fw-la de_fw-la vi_fw-la incidisse_fw-la &_o jus_o crediti_fw-la amiss_o to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o more_o disadvantageous_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n nor_o a_o great_a usurpation_n against_o authority_n then_o that_o every_o man_n shall_v be_v his_o own_o judge_n and_o force_v the_o executioner_n and_o the_o law_n just_o presume_v that_o he_o have_v no_o legal_a right_n who_o will_v not_o pursue_v iâ_n in_o a_o legal_a way_n and_o if_o this_o be_v allow_v every_o man_n will_v discuss_v his_o own_o suspension_n himself_o by_o force_v his_o debtor_n to_o pass_v from_o it_o and_o will_v force_v the_o heir_n of_o his_o debtor_n to_o give_v he_o bond_n or_o his_o debtor_n himself_o to_o fulfil_v all_o minute_n without_o any_o regal_a pursuit_n every_o master_n will_v thus_o thrust_v out_o his_o tenant_n and_o every_o creditor_n force_v his_o debtor_n to_o pay_v by_o carry_v he_o away_o prisoner_n and_o when_o he_o be_v that_o length_n he_o will_v allege_v that_o nihil_fw-la illi_fw-la deest_fw-la and_o as_o to_o the_o former_a law_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o detestation_n of_o force_n and_o violence_n do_v allow_v three_o several_a remedy_n to_o the_o person_n violent_v viz._n edictum_fw-la praetor_n be_v quod_fw-la metus_fw-la causa_fw-la etc._n etc._n lex_fw-la julia_fw-la which_o punish_v the_o force_n as_o a_o crime_n &_o decretum_fw-la divi_z marci_n all_o which_o three_o be_v express_o mention_v in_o that_o title_n and_o though_o by_o the_o old_a edict_n and_o the_o lex_fw-la julia_fw-la he_o who_o force_v his_o debtor_n to_o pay_v what_o be_v just_o due_a can_v not_o be_v by_o these_o remedy_n restore_v quia_fw-la nihil_fw-la decrat_fw-mi vim_o passo_n as_o the_o law_n former_o cite_v do_v prove_v yet_o ex_fw-la decreto_fw-la divi_z marci_n which_o be_v posterior_n to_o these_o remedy_n as_o marcus_n antoninus_n be_v long_a posterior_n to_o julius_n caesar_n even_o he_o who_o take_v payment_n of_o his_o own_o can_v not_o defend_v himself_o by_o allege_v upon_o his_o right_n which_o excellent_a law_n be_v set_v down_o l._n 13._o ff_n quod_fw-la motus_fw-la causa_fw-la quisquis_fw-la igitur_fw-la probatus_fw-la mihi_fw-la fuerit_fw-la rem_fw-la ullam_fw-la debitoris_fw-la vel_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la debitam_fw-la non_fw-la ab_fw-la ipso_fw-la sibi_fw-la sponte_fw-la datam_fw-la sine_fw-la ullo_fw-la judice_fw-la tempore_fw-la possidere_fw-la vel_fw-la accipisse_n isque_fw-la sibi_fw-la jus_o in_fw-la eam_fw-la rem_fw-la dixisse_fw-la jus_o crediti_fw-la non_fw-la habebit_fw-la and_o faber_n upon_o that_o law_n do_v excellent_o conclude_v that_o this_o be_v a_o just_a supplement_n of_o the_o former_a law_n and_o cujacius_n allow_v this_o remedy_n not_o only_o to_o
commissioner_n of_o the_o thesaury_n do_v in_o june_n 1669._o ordain_v two_o skipper_n in_o bruntistand_n to_o be_v scourge_v at_o that_o mercat_n cross_n because_o when_o a_o customer_n come_v to_o enter_v a_o boat_n wherein_o unfree_a good_n be_v be_v allege_v to_o be_v they_o do_v put_v off_o the_o boat_n from_o the_o rock_n where_o it_o lay_v whereby_o the_o customer_n fall_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v almost_o drown_v title_n viii_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n in_o crimnial_n 1._o the_o lord_n of_o session_n use_v to_o pass_v bill_n for_o criminal_a letter_n 2._o they_o advocate_n cause_n belong_v to_o the_o justice_n court_n 3._o they_o be_v judge_n in_o crimine_fw-la falsi_fw-la 4._o they_o have_v make_v statute_n for_o regulate_v the_o justice_n court_n 5._o whether_o they_o can_v review_v the_o sentence_n of_o the_o justice_n court_n 6._o they_o suspend_v the_o sentence_n of_o the_o justice_n court_n 7._o they_o be_v judge_n to_o such_o as_o kill_v or_o wound_v one_o another_o during_o the_o dependence_n of_o a_o process_n before_o the_o session_n 8._o they_o grant_v warrant_n to_o advocat_n to_o compear_v for_o such_o as_o be_v pursue_v for_o treason_n i._o the_o lord_n of_o session_n have_v regular_o no_o jurisdiction_n in_o criminal_o and_o yet_o they_o pass_v the_o bill_n whereupon_o all_o criminal_a summons_n be_v raise_v for_o all_o summons_n in_o criminal_o must_v have_v a_o bill_n which_o must_v pass_v under_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n and_o for_o which_o he_o get_v ten_o mark_n and_o his_o servant_n one_o thereafter_o it_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o ordinar_n upon_o the_o bill_n and_o be_v subscribe_v by_o he_o as_o a_o common_a bill_n the_o reason_n why_o their_o bill_n be_v pass_v by_o the_o lord_n seem_v to_o be_v because_o the_o justice-deputs_a be_v not_o ordinar_n residenter_n in_o town_n their_o salary_n not_o be_v sufficient_a for_o defray_v that_o charge_n or_o else_o because_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o bâlls_n be_v a_o member_n and_o servant_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n yet_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o grievance_n give_v in_o by_o the_o justice_n to_o the_o parliament_n anno_fw-la 1662._o and_o it_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a that_o those_o who_o employment_n it_o be_v to_o understand_v criminal_a case_n shall_v not_o have_v the_o pass_n of_o these_o bill_n and_o many_o of_o the_o lord_n refuse_v to_o pass_v these_o bill_n whereby_o the_o liedge_n be_v prejudge_v and_o it_o be_v most_o unreasonable_a that_o the_o justice_n shall_v not_o know_v what_o they_o be_v to_o judge_v especial_o this_o warrant_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o process_n and_o so_o fall_v natural_o under_o the_o cognition_n of_o these_o who_o be_v judge_n to_o it_o and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o justice_n will_v pass_v their_o own_o bill_n it_o will_v sustain_v but_o now_o the_o justice_n use_v ordinary_o to_o pass_v their_o own_o bill_n because_o the_o justice_n be_v now_o of_o the_o session_n but_o still_o other_o lord_n who_o be_v not_o justice_n may_v pass_v such_o bill_n but_o albeit_o these_o lores_n can_v judge_v crime_n yet_o they_o may_v and_o do_v punish_v injury_n commit_v against_o any_o of_o their_o own_o member_n by_o fine_v or_o confine_v ii_o they_o likewise_o advocate_n cause_n from_o the_o inferior_a court_n to_o the_o justice_n thus_o in_o anno_fw-la 1664._o mackintosh_n be_v pursue_v before_o the_o sheriff_n of_o inverness_n for_o theft-boot_n they_o advocate_v the_o cause_n to_o the_o justice_n albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o cognition_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o consequence_n be_v ill_o infert_v for_o the_o council_n do_v advocate_n and_o can_v not_o cognosce_fw-la and_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n do_v advocate_n breius_fw-la for_o serve_v air_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o judge_n themselves_o for_o both_o in_o this_o and_o that_o case_n a_o inquest_n be_v necessary_a iii_o they_o be_v likewise_o judge_n in_o crimine_fw-la falsi_fw-la and_o their_o sentence_n be_v a_o sufficient_a warrant_n to_o the_o assize_n to_o condemn_v without_o repeat_v the_o probation_n and_o when_o the_o inquest_n refuse_v to_o condemn_v upon_o that_o warrant_n they_o be_v of_o new_a enclose_v as_o be_v do_v in_o binny_v case_n and_o will_v be_v liable_a to_o a_o assize_n of_o error_n if_o they_o assioilzie_a and_o their_o decreet_a bear_v the_o lord_n remit_v he_o to_o the_o justice_n to_o be_v punish_v tanquam_fw-la falsarius_fw-la and_o to_o under_o the_o law_n criminal_o and_o ordain_v that_o ordinance_n to_o be_v insert_v in_o their_o book_n of_o sederunt_fw-la and_o that_o order_n be_v in_o the_o justice_n court_n call_v a_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la the_o 2._o of_o july_n 1662._o albeit_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 11._o require_v that_o all_o probation_n in_o criminal_o shall_v be_v lead_v in_o presence_n of_o the_o assize_n yet_o the_o answer_n be_v that_o the_o lord_n decreet_a be_v only_a probation_n here_o and_o that_o be_v read_v in_o face_n of_o the_o assize_n the_o lord_n likewise_o determine_v the_o punishment_n in_o falsehood_n and_o remit_v in_o their_o decreet_a the_o party_n to_o the_o justice_n to_o be_v only_o banish_v or_o scourge_v or_o have_v his_o tongue_n bore_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o guilt_n and_o i_o have_v see_v a_o gentleman_n who_o i_o will_v not_o name_n in_o anno_fw-la 1664._o only_a imprison_v by_o the_o lord_n for_o forge_v of_o a_o false_a bond_n of_o suspension_n because_o he_o be_v ingenuous_a and_o in_o necessity_n and_o albeit_o this_o may_v seem_v irregular_a yet_o see_v the_o lord_n be_v only_o privy_a to_o the_o deposition_n it_o be_v necessary_a they_o shall_v have_v this_o allowance_n i_o find_v it_o one_o of_o the_o rule_v set_v down_o by_o the_o doctor_n that_o ubi_fw-la cunque_fw-la iudex_fw-la principaliter_fw-la cognoscendo_fw-la reperit_fw-la incidenter_fw-la crimen_fw-la esse_fw-la comissum_fw-la potest_fw-la de_fw-la crimine_fw-la illo_fw-la cognoscere_fw-la c._n si_fw-la adversus_fw-la libre_fw-la l._n pen._n and_o the_o example_n of_o this_o rule_n be_v instance_a in_o charta_fw-la falsa_fw-la l._n pen._n c._n de_fw-fr probat_fw-la and_o upon_o improve_n a_o instrument_n or_o write_v they_o have_v ordain_v omnes_fw-la testes_fw-la instrumentarios_fw-la &_o falsi_fw-la fabricatores_fw-la to_o be_v fall_v sariâs_n and_o remit_v they_o to_o the_o justice_n the_o 16._o of_o february_n 1660._o fern_n inn_n and_o tarbat_n hang_v but_o i_o remember_v not_o that_o they_o have_v in_o any_o other_o case_n cognosce_v upon_o crime_n incidenter_n albeit_o the_o foresay_a rule_n will_v give_v they_o a_o incident_a jurisdiction_n in_o all_o case_n iv._o i_o find_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v make_v statute_n to_o regulat_fw-la the_o justice_n court_n for_o upon_o the_o 1._o of_o june_n 1593._o they_o declare_v that_o all_o land_a man_n shall_v be_v esteem_v pares_fw-la curiae_fw-la and_o may_v sit_v upon_o nobleman_n assize_n be_v pursue_v tanquaritemerè_fw-la jurantes_fw-la sup_n assisa_fw-la and_o the_o council_n use_v to_o consult_v they_o in_o intricat_a case_n which_o be_v refer_v to_o they_o by_o the_o justice_n and_o thus_o in_o anno_fw-la 1667._o they_o be_v consult_v whether_o the_o west_n country_n rebel_n may_v be_v forefault_v in_o their_o absence_n v._o but_o whether_o they_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o reduce_v or_o review_v what_o be_v do_v by_o the_o justice_n or_o in_o the_o justice_n court_n in_o any_o case_n be_v not_o yet_o decide_v but_o i_o have_v see_v a_o reduction_n of_o a_o verdict_n of_o a_o inquest_n pronounce_v against_o mr._n william_n somervel_v whereby_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o usury_n the_o reason_n of_o reduction_n be_v that_o the_o inquest_n have_v err_v in_o calculo_fw-la and_o it_o be_v contend_v that_o the_o lord_n be_v competent_a judge_n to_o review_v error_n in_o calculo_fw-la for_o that_o be_v in_o effect_n but_o a_o civil_a medium_fw-la and_o where_o no_o criminal_a conclusion_n be_v crave_v nor_o can_v follow_v they_o be_v judge_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o reduction_n of_o retour_n where_o the_o verdict_n may_v be_v reduce_v as_o past_a upon_o ignorance_n it_o be_v also_o urge_v that_o see_v the_o lord_n make_v statute_n to_o regulate_v the_o justice_n court_v and_o past_o their_o bill_n they_o may_v cognosce_fw-la upon_o palpable_a error_n commit_v ignorant_o by_o assize_n and_o it_o be_v hard_o that_o the_o liedge_n shall_v not_o be_v repon_v against_o error_n of_o such_o ignorant_a person_n as_o assizer_n ordinary_o be_v vi_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n do_v suspend_v the_o execution_n likewise_o of_o all_o sentence_n in_o the_o justice_n court_v but_o these_o suspention_n when_o once_o raise_v be_v discuss_v before_o the_o justice_n they_o likewise_o sometime_o discuss_v these_o suspention_n before_o the_o session_n
potest_fw-la amirans_fw-la marinas_fw-la intelligo_fw-la quae_fw-la negotiationis_fw-la causa_fw-la ineuntur_fw-la sive_fw-la extra_fw-la mare_fw-la sive_fw-la in_o mari_fw-fr celebrantur_fw-la delicta_fw-la tamen_fw-la ex_fw-la necessitate_v intra_fw-la mar_v be_v fluxum_fw-la perpetrari_fw-la debent_fw-la in_o scotland_n the_o dean_n of_o gilled_a be_v as_o walwood_n observe_v tit_n 23._o ordinary_a judge_n of_o old_a betwixt_o mariner_n and_o merchand_n likeas_n the_o waterbailiff_n betwixt_o mariner_n and_o mariner_n and_o the_o justice-general_a be_v judge_n in_o criminal_n but_o now_o no_o judge_n may_v meddle_v say_v he_o with_o the_o admiral_n cause_n but_o only_o by_o way_n of_o assistance_n and_o that_o by_o commission_n in_o difficult_a cause_n as_o be_v find_v in_o that_o action_n antoni_fw-la de_fw-fr latour_n against_o christian_a marteis_fw-la 6._o of_o november_n 1642._o ii_o in_o october_n 1635._o bernard_n gilermo_n and_o some_o spanish_a dutch_a and_o french_a pirate_n be_v apprehend_v mr._n james_n robertson_n then_o admiral-deput_a crave_v that_o the_o council_n will_v name_v assessor_n to_o he_o in_o the_o trial_n of_o these_o foreigner_n and_o they_o be_v name_v a_o court_n of_o justiciary_a of_o the_o admiralty_n for_o the_o register_n of_o the_o admiralty_n give_v it_o that_o title_n be_v keep_v at_o irwine_n and_o these_o pirate_n indict_v and_o hang_v for_o piracy_n commit_v by_o they_o upon_o french_a spanish_a and_o dutch_a merchand_n the_o party_n injure_v be_v receive_v witness_n else_o these_o crim_n at_o sea_n can_v not_o be_v prove_v this_o trial_n be_v by_o a_o assize_n as_o before_o the_o justice_n iii_o by_o the_o martim_fw-la law_n of_o england_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o man_n who_o take_v a_o pirate_n in_o the_o ocean_n to_o hang_v he_o at_o the_o main-yard_n because_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o the_o ocean_n be_v within_o no_o man_n jurisdiction_n &_o so_o every_o man_n be_v leave_v to_o his_o own_o natural_a liberty_n but_o this_o may_v prove_v very_o dangerous_a for_o thus_o man_n may_v execute_v their_o revenge_n in_o place_n of_o justice_n and_o may_v make_v innocent_a man_n pirate_n for_o their_o private_a advantage_n and_o judicatur_n be_v establish_v to_o prevent_v such_o injury_n and_o upon_o that_o pretext_n man_n may_v as_o well_o adjudge_v prize_n take_v upon_o the_o ocean_n but_o yet_o if_o a_o ship_n be_v on_o her_o voyage_n to_o remote_a place_n as_o the_o indies_n so_o that_o the_o taker_n can_v keep_v the_o pirate_n till_o they_o come_v to_o a_o harbour_n they_o may_v in_o that_o case_n execute_v they_o at_o sea_n for_o that_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o self-defence_n and_o necessity_n make_v law_n but_o i_o think_v this_o necessity_n must_v be_v prove_v vid._n grot._n de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr belli_fw-la lib._n 2._o c._n 20_o §_o 14._o and_o for_o this_o same_o reason_n i_o differ_v from_o that_o author_n who_o assert_n num_fw-la 12._o that_n if_o the_o taker_n bring_v a_o pirate_n to_o a_o port_n and_o the_o judge_n refuse_v or_o delay_n justice_n so_o that_o the_o taker_n must_v lose_v than_o the_o taker_n may_v execute_v justice_n himself_o for_o this_o be_v to_o make_v every_o man_n judge_n not_o only_o of_o the_o pirate_n but_o of_o the_o judge_n to_o who_o application_n be_v make_v and_o a_o private_a person_n may_v as_o well_o pretend_v that_o if_o a_o judge_n delay_v or_o deny_v justice_n against_o such_o as_o we_o pretend_v do_v either_o rob_v or_o affront_v we_o we_o may_v do_v justice_n upon_o they_o ourselves_o contrary_a to_o many_o law_n and_o particular_o to_o l._n nullus_fw-la c._n de_fw-fr judaeis_n the_o same_o learned_a author_n juris_fw-la maritimi_fw-la do_v tell_v we_o cap._n 4._o num_fw-la 14._o that_n if_o a_o spaniard_n rob_v a_o frenchman_n on_o the_o high_a sea_n both_o their_o prince_n be_v in_o amity_n among_o themselves_o and_o with_o england_n and_o that_o the_o ship_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o port_n of_o enland_n the_o frenchman_n may_v proceed_v against_o the_o spaniard_n to_o punish_v he_o but_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v bring_v intra_fw-la prasidia_fw-la of_o that_o prince_n by_o who_o subject_n the_o same_o be_v take_v it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o he_o can_v proceed_v criminal_o but_o the_o taker_n must_v resort_v to_o the_o pirate_n own_o country_n or_o where_o he_o carry_v the_o ship_n but_o in_o my_o opinion_n a_o pirate_n may_v be_v judge_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o any_o nation_n for_o he_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o all_o nation_n and_o though_o he_o be_v not_o deprehend_v commit_v a_o crime_n in_o the_o sea_n of_o that_o prince_n or_o state_n within_o which_o he_o be_v deprehend_v and_o so_o seem_v not_o liable_a to_o their_o jurisdiction_n nec_fw-la ratione_fw-la loci_fw-la delicti_fw-la nec_fw-la originis_fw-la nec_fw-la domicilii_fw-la yet_o he_o who_o be_v of_o no_o nation_n be_v of_o all_o nation_n as_o vagabond_n be_v and_o he_o who_o be_v a_o equal_a enemy_n to_o all_o nation_n commit_v a_o crime_n against_o every_o nation_n iv._o though_o the_o admiral_n criminal_a jurisdiction_n extend_v no_o further_a than_o crime_n commit_v at_o sea_n or_o within_o flood-mark_a yet_o he_o be_v some_o time_n judge_v ratione_fw-la contingentiae_fw-la &_o ob_fw-la continentiam_fw-la causae_fw-la as_o if_o a_o man_n rescue_v a_o pirate_n out_o of_o prison_n though_o this_o crime_n be_v commit_v without_o flood-mark_a yet_o the_o admiral_n be_v judge_n because_o it_o have_v dependence_n upon_o and_o arise_v from_o the_o principal_a crime_n to_o which_o he_o be_v judge_n and_o if_o the_o admiral_n begin_v to_o present_a pirate_n or_o malefactor_n at_o sea_n he_o may_v continue_v his_o pursuit_n and_o apprehend_v they_o at_o land_n and_o without_o his_o own_o jurisdiction_n but_o he_o must_v in_o that_o case_n seek_v concurrence_n from_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o place_n locen_n cap._n 3._o num_fw-la 2._o v._o though_o the_o admiral_n have_v a_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n yet_o some_o allege_v that_o he_o have_v not_o this_o proper_o as_o admiral_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o commission_n of_o justiciary_a contain_v in_o his_o gift_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o admiral_n proceed_v to_o thy_o crime_n the_o court_n be_v not_o call_v the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n simple_o as_o in_o other_o case_n but_o the_o court_n of_o justiciary_a of_o the_o admiralty_n it_o be_v likewise_o doubt_v whether_o the_o admiral_n have_v the_o sole_a power_n of_o judge_a crime_n commit_v at_o sea_n or_o if_o the_o justice_n have_v a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n with_o they_o and_o may_v preveen_v and_o that_o the_o justice_n have_v a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n be_v clear_a for_o i_o find_v that_o in_o anno_fw-la 1613._o the_o justice_n do_v hang_v one_o john_n davidson_n and_o john_n allows_v english_a pirate_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 1610._o they_o hang_v peter_n love_n john_n cock_n and_o other_o likewise_o english_a pirate_n which_o last_o be_v hang_v upon_o their_o own_o confession_n emit_v before_o the_o privy_a council_n and_o all_o of_o they_o be_v hang_v within_o flood-mark_a i_o have_v likewise_o see_v the_o justice_n advocate_n cause_n from_o the_o admiral_n court_n but_o whether_o the_o admiral_n sentence_n in_o criminal_n can_v be_v reduce_v by_o the_o criminal_a court_n as_o their_o sentence_n in_o civil_n can_v be_v reduce_v before_o the_o session_n i_o will_v not_o determine_v title_n x._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o commissar_n in_o criminal_n 1._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o churchman_n 2._o our_o commissar_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o verbal_a injury_n 3._o how_o far_o they_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o improbation_n i._o churchman_n be_v discharge_v to_o sit_v judge_n in_o crime_n and_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o greek_a church_n give_v they_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d a_o bloodless_a jurisdiction_n upon_o which_o account_n the_o law_n give_v they_o audientiam_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la do_fw-mi c._n the_o episcop_n audient_fw-la with_o we_o these_o bishop_n abstain_v from_o vot_v in_o criminal_a process_n bring_v in_o to_o the_o parliament_n though_o there_o they_o sit_v as_o heritor_n rather_o than_o as_o mere_a churchman_n and_o so_o may_v pretend_v to_o a_o voice_n upon_o that_o account_n ii_o the_o commissar_n be_v the_o bishop_n official_o and_o so_o have_v least_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n of_o all_o other_o court_n but_o yet_o they_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o verbal_a injury_n which_o be_v by_o the_o law_n account_v crime_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o be_v the_o only_a judge_n competent_a to_o this_o crime_n be_v because_o that_o court_n as_o be_v a_o ecclesiastic_a court_n &_o curia_fw-la christianitatis_fw-la consider_v these_o verbal_a injury_n as_o scandal_n and_o so_o they_o be_v allow_v not_o only_o to_o punish_v the_o same_o with_o pecuniary_a mulct_n but_o with_o church_n censure_n such_o as_o to_o make_v the_o offender_n stand_v at_o the_o church_n door_n to_o expiate_v a_o slander_n though_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o
statute_n in_o france_n anno_fw-la 1560._o but_o we_o have_v no_o such_o statute_n and_o one_o colleague_n with_o we_o may_v be_v witness_n for_o another_o and_o why_o not_o then_o judge_n a_o three_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v that_o the_o judge_n be_v suspect_v as_o if_o he_o have_v give_v partial_a counsel_n or_o if_o he_o have_v repel_v a_o just_a defence_n or_o as_o be_v severe_a above_o what_o the_o law_n allow_v 4._o that_o he_o be_v incompetent_a the_o case_n pursue_v be_v only_o proper_a to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o justice_n as_o be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n viz._n treason_n murder_n fire-raising_a and_o ravish_v of_o woman_n but_o sometime_o though_o the_o first_o libel_n have_v infer_v treason_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o peddy_n january_n 1667._o yet_o if_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi will_v restrict_n his_o action_n to_o damnage_v and_o interest_n but_o will_v desert_v the_o diet_n as_o to_o the_o criminal_a pursuit_n it_o may_v be_v sustain_v 5._o that_o the_o case_n be_v very_o intricat_a as_o in_o a_o pursuit_n of_o theft-boot_n which_o be_v advocate_n from_o the_o sheriff-deput_a of_o invernesse_n eo_fw-la ex_fw-la capite_fw-la member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n also_o pretend_v that_o they_o can_v be_v pursue_v before_o any_o other_o court_n because_o this_o will_v draw_v they_o from_o attend_v the_o session_n but_o the_o act_n 39_o pa._n 6._o q._n m._n whereon_o this_o be_v found_v seem_v only_o to_o hold_v in_o remove_n so_o that_o no_o action_n concern_v remove_n shall_v be_v advocate_n but_o in_o these_o case_n viz._n deadly_a fead_z where_o the_o judge_n ordinary_a be_v party_n or_o the_o defender_n a_o member_n of_o the_o session_n and_o yet_o the_o praxi_fw-la that_o part_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v extend_v to_o all_o advocation_n but_o they_o can_v advocate_n from_o the_o justice_n court_n if_o the_o cause_n be_v advocate_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi of_o the_o first_o libel_n which_o be_v advocate_v must_v find_v caution_n de_fw-fr novo_fw-la to_o insist_v in_o the_o pursuit_n else_o the_o justice_n will_v desert_v the_o diet_n which_o caution_n be_v necessary_a because_o the_o judicature_n before_o which_o the_o caution_n be_v find_v be_v alter_v and_o neither_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi nor_o his_o cautioner_n be_v bind_v to_o insist_v before_o any_o other_o court_n the_o defender_n likewise_o of_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o who_o raise_v the_o advocation_n be_v obliedge_v to_o renew_v his_o caution_n that_o he_o will_v under_o the_o law_n else_o the_o justice_n will_v imprison_v he_o the_o taiser_n of_o the_o advocation_n mus_fw-la intimate_fw-la to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi of_o the_o principal_a cause_n that_o he_o have_v raise_v a_o advocation_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o say_v pursuer_fw-mi may_v be_v ready_a to_o insist_v at_o the_o day_n to_o which_o the_o advocation_n be_v raise_v and_o when_o the_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi before_o the_o court_n from_o which_o the_o cause_n be_v advocate_v the_o raiser_n of_o the_o advocation_n shall_v intimate_fw-la to_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v be_v ready_a to_o insist_v for_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n be_v in_o the_o justice-court_n what_o the_o procurator_n fiskal_n be_v in_o inferior_a court_n the_o office_n of_o both_o be_v to_o pursue_v vindictam_fw-la publicam_fw-la v._o the_o old_a custom_n be_v as_o some_o allege_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n judge_v all_o the_o advocation_n which_o be_v raise_v in_o criminal_a cause_n from_o inferior_a judge_n even_o to_o the_o justice_n court_n and_o very_o judicious_a lawyer_n do_v yet_o hold_v that_o the_o justice_n can_v judge_v whether_o they_o be_v competent_a judge_n in_o cause_n advocate_v from_o inferior_a criminal_a court_n but_o that_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n shall_v cognosce_fw-la whether_o the_o cause_n shall_v be_v advocate_n and_o if_o they_o sustain_v the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n that_o they_o shall_v remit_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o justice_n or_o remit_v the_o trial_n to_o the_o court_n from_o which_o it_o be_v advocate_v if_o the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v not_o relevant_a for_o they_o think_v it_o unreasonable_a that_o the_o justice_n shall_v be_v judge_n of_o their_o own_o competency_n but_o since_o the_o justice_n be_v supreme_a and_o sovereign_a judge_n as_o well_o as_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n and_o since_o the_o justice_n be_v now_o many_o and_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o session_n also_o it_o seem_v reasonable_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v judge_n to_o their_o own_o competency_n especial_o since_o these_o reason_n of_o advocation_n do_v very_o frequent_o do_v upon_o subtlety_n of_o the_o criminal_a law_n and_o can_v be_v well_o judge_v but_o by_o such_o as_o understand_v that_o law_n exact_o as_o for_o instance_n i_o have_v see_v a_o advocation_n raise_v of_o a_o libel_n in_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n from_o before_o a_o lord_n of_o regalities_n court_n upon_o this_o reason_n viz._n that_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o accusation_n be_v for_o drown_v a_o coal-heugh_a which_o be_v treason_n in_o our_o law_n to_o the_o which_o crime_n of_o treason_n none_o but_o the_o justice_n be_v judge_n competent_a in_o which_o advocation_n these_o point_n be_v necessary_o debate_v 1._o whether_o lord_n of_o regality_n be_v judge_n to_o treason_n 2._o whether_o though_o they_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o treason_n found_v upon_o the_o common_a law_n yet_o if_o they_o be_v judge_n to_o statutory_a treason_n 3._o whether_o though_o burn_v a_o coal-heugh_a be_v treason_n by_o statute_n yet_o if_o drown_v of_o it_o fall_v under_o that_o statute_n all_o which_o point_n be_v indagationis_fw-la criminalis_fw-la and_o these_o who_o can_v judge_v such_o point_n may_v judge_v any_o criminal_a case_n likeas_n both_o by_o the_o old_a and_o new_a stile_n of_o advocation_n raise_v either_o by_o the_o council_n or_o criminal_a court_n the_o letter_n bear_v that_o the_o reason_n be_v to_o be_v see_v and_o consider_v by_o the_o justice_n and_o immediate_o upon_o the_o advocation_n caution_n be_v find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o adjournal_n and_o to_o answer_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o the_o justice_n have_v be_v in_o constant_a possession_n of_o judge_v such_o reason_n and_o whereas_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o though_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v not_o judge_n to_o crime_n yet_o the_o case_n of_o competency_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o jurisdiction_n be_v mere_o civil_a and_o so_o it_o will_v seem_v proper_a to_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o lord_n especial_o since_o it_o be_v nor_o just_a that_o the_o justice_n shall_v be_v judge_n in_o their_o own_o cause_n to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o though_o this_o case_n be_v civil_a yet_o it_o have_v so_o necessary_a a_o contingency_n with_o what_o be_v criminal_a as_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v divide_v since_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o advocation_n wherein_o their_o own_o âurisdiction_n be_v controvert_v why_o shall_v this_o be_v deny_v to_o the_o justice_n who_o be_v a_o part_n of_o themselves_o and_o such_o supreme_a judge_n be_v above_o suspicion_n especial_o since_o they_o can_v gain_v nothing_o by_o their_o jurisdiction_n title_n xviii_o of_o inquisition_n 1._o the_o nature_n of_o inquisition_n and_o when_o it_o be_v competent_a 2._o the_o king_n and_o party_n may_v pursue_v separat_o 3._o citation_n super_fw-la inquirendis_fw-la when_o competent_a i._o when_o a_o crime_n be_v commit_v the_o council_n or_o the_o justice_n do_v of_o old_a take_v a_o previous_a inquisition_n of_o it_o by_o examine_v witness_n and_o take_v such_o other_o information_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o these_o deposition_n and_o examination_n be_v call_v informationes_fw-la by_o the_o doctor_n but_o though_o they_o may_v examine_v witness_n before_o the_o intent_v of_o a_o criminal_a pursuit_n yet_o after_o it_o be_v once_o intent_a the_o justice_n find_v the_o 8._o of_o january_n 1672._o that_o they_o can_v not_o examine_v witness_n for_o the_o inquisition_n end_v by_o the_o intent_a of_o the_o pursuit_n &_o ubi_fw-la incipit_fw-la accusatio_fw-la desinit_fw-la inquisitio_fw-la the_o doctor_n be_v very_o profuse_a on_o this_o subject_n but_o i_o shall_v only_o excerpt_v from_o they_o what_o be_v most_o suitable_a to_o our_o form_n and_o practice_n they_o define_v inquisition_n to_o be_v a_o information_n of_o the_o crime_n take_v by_o the_o judge_n own_o authority_n &_o ex_fw-la officio_fw-la and_o they_o divide_v it_o in_o a_o general_a inquisition_n which_o be_v take_v of_o the_o crime_n in_o general_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o any_o particular_a informer_n or_o defender_n and_o a_o special_a inquisition_n which_o be_v take_v against_o a_o particular_a person_n of_o who_o guilt_n they_o be_v inform_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n no_o judge_n can_v proceed_v against_o any_o private_a
sum_n and_o so_o be_v no_o more_o debtor_n and_o can_v expect_v no_o advantage_n and_o so_o the_o fear_n of_o perjury_n cease_v and_o as_o to_o the_o foresay_a seven_o act_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v only_o make_v not_o to_o exclude_v the_o debtor_n absolute_o but_o to_o correct_v the_o 257._o act_n 15._o p._n k._n i._n 6._o whereby_o the_o oath_n of_o party_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v receivable_a as_o decisive_a of_o the_o cause_n as_o to_o other_o witness_n our_o ordinary_a distinction_n be_v that_o paction_n in_o usury_n be_v either_o extrinsic_a to_o the_o bond_n or_o write_v as_o be_v the_o take_a bud_n or_o bribe_v for_o continue_v a_o sum_n and_o these_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o any_o witness_n albeit_o by_o the_o foresay_a 7._o act._n it_o be_v say_v that_o usury_n shall_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o party_n and_o witness_n insert_v but_o paction_n which_o concern_v the_o writ_n itself_o as_o that_o whereby_o more_o be_v promise_v then_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o bond_n these_o can_v be_v prove_v but_o by_o the_o witness_n insert_v for_o else_o write_v may_v be_v take_v away_o by_o witness_n as_o to_o oath_n of_o party_n it_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v take_v by_o the_o former_a act_n against_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o law_n by_o which_o nemo_fw-la tenetur_fw-la jurare_fw-la in_o svam_fw-la turpitudinem_fw-la and_o the_o justice_n according_o do_v force_v the_o panel_n to_o swear_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o wilson_n above_o cite_v but_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o this_o act_n shall_v not_o extend_v only_o to_o civil_a and_o not_o criminal_a case_n for_o that_o act_n say_v that_o litiscontestation_n be_v make_v it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o receive_v but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o there_o be_v no_o litiscontestation_n in_o criminal_n go_v this_o act_n can_v be_v extend_v to_o these_o case_n vii_o usury_n be_v allow_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o the_o proper_a product_n or_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d pecuniae_fw-la but_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n it_o be_v punish_v and_o most_o lawyer_n think_v it_o may_v be_v punish_v criminal_o decius_n consil._n 130._o and_o it_o be_v call_v crimen_fw-la utriusque_fw-la fori_fw-la because_o it_o be_v punishable_a civil_o and_o ecclesiastical_o the_o pain_n of_o usury_n with_o we_o be_v that_o the_o debtor_n shall_v be_v free_a from_o his_o obligation_n or_o have_v back_o his_o pledge_n or_o if_o the_o debtor_n conceal_v than_o the_o revealer_n shall_v have_v right_a to_o the_o sum_n act_n 222._o k._n i._n 6._o par._n 14._o and_o by_o the_o 248_o act_n p._n 15._o k._n i._n 6._o it_o be_v appoint_v that_o the_o usurary_n bond_n or_o contract_n shall_v be_v reduce_v and_o be_v reduce_v the_o sum_n shall_v belong_v to_o his_o majesty_n or_o his_o donator_n and_o the_o party_n to_o have_v repetition_n of_o the_o unlawful_a annualrent_n pay_v by_o he_o in_o case_n only_o he_o concur_v with_o the_o donator_n in_o the_o reduction_n title_n xxv_o the_o dribe_v partiality_n and_o negligence_n of_o judge_n 1._o what_o be_v bribe_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n 2._o what_o by_o our_o law_n and_o how_o our_o law_n punish_v it_o 3._o crimen_fw-la repecundarum_fw-la &_o barratriae_fw-la 4._o whether_o arbiter_n deligat_n or_o assessor_n be_v punishable_a for_o take_v bribe_n 5._o how_o negligent_a judge_n be_v punishable_a it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o make_v good_a law_n if_o the_o execution_n of_o they_o be_v not_o commit_v to_o just_a and_o diligent_a person_n as_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o have_v a_o exact_a balance_n if_o that_o balance_n be_v not_o put_v in_o a_o good_a hand_n and_o therefore_o as_o the_o law_n have_v be_v very_o liberal_a of_o its_o privilege_n to_o just_a judge_n and_o severe_a in_o punish_v such_o as_o offend_v they_o so_o it_o have_v punish_v with_o the_o same_o rigour_n such_o judge_n as_o transgress_v either_o by_o bribe_v negligence_n or_o partiality_n which_o be_v three_o distinct_a species_n forbid_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o we_o i._o bribe_v be_v the_o take_n of_o money_n or_o other_o good_a deed_n either_o for_o do_v of_o justice_n or_o commit_v of_o unjustice_n there_o be_v indeed_o some_o lawyer_n who_o think_v that_o a_o judge_n take_v money_n in_o a_o civil_a cause_n to_o do_v justice_n do_v not_o thereby_o commit_v a_o crime_n but_o be_v only_o liable_a to_o restitution_n menoch_n 2._o arb._n 342._o n._n 6._o but_o this_o be_v express_o contrary_a to_o sound_v reason_n since_o if_o take_v upon_o any_o term_n be_v allow_v the_o law_n may_v be_v elude_v and_o judge_n will_v be_v thereby_o tempt_v not_o only_o to_o take_v bribe_n but_o to_o take_v pain_n to_o justify_v what_o they_o have_v do_v but_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o this_o opinion_n be_v neither_o prove_v per_fw-la l._n 4._o ff_n de_fw-fr l._n jul_a repetund_a for_o there_o it_o be_v not_o only_o say_v non_fw-la excipiet_fw-la quo_fw-la magis_fw-la aut_fw-la minus_fw-la quid_fw-la ex_fw-la officio_fw-la svo_fw-la fecerit_fw-la which_o prohibit_v only_o a_o excess_n in_o justice_n and_o not_o the_o do_v justice_n for_o money_n nor_o perl_n 3._o c._n eod_a since_o that_o law_n do_v only_o in_o the_o general_n forbid_v the_o take_n of_o money_n but_o this_o be_v express_o forbid_v l._n 2._o §_o 2_o ff_n de_fw-mi condict_v obturp_v cause_n where_o it_o be_v declare_v a_o crime_n but_o the_o punishment_n there_o seem_v only_o to_o be_v litem_fw-la svam_fw-la facere_fw-la and_o skeen_n ad_fw-la stat._n 25._o wil._n say_v that_o non_fw-la licet_fw-la judici_fw-la vendere_fw-la judicium_fw-la justum_fw-la ii_o by_o our_o law_n the_o king_n judge_n be_v to_o those_o a_o assize_n upon_o what_o they_o have_v do_v as_o judge_n and_o if_o they_o be_v convict_v they_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n according_a to_o the_o measure_n of_o their_o fault_n cap._n 13._o stat._n rob._n 2._o and_o the_o judge_n of_o inferior_a court_n such_o as_o regality_n be_v to_o those_o a_o assize_n before_o the_o justice_n and_o if_o they_o be_v find_v either_o culpable_a or_o remiss_a they_o be_v to_o escheat_n their_o moveable_n and_o their_o life_n to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n will_v or_o in_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o regality_n cap._n 14._o ibid._n and_o by_o the_o 26._o act_n ja._n 3._o parl._n 5._o a_o sheriff_n or_o any_o other_o officer_n of_o fee_n that_o be_v to_o say_v any_o heritable_a officer_n be_v to_o be_v put_v from_o his_o office_n for_o three_o year_n if_o he_o be_v find_v partial_a and_o a_o ordinary_a judge_n if_o he_o be_v find_v partial_a lose_v his_o office_n forever_o and_o though_o his_o person_n be_v be_v punish_v at_o the_o king_n will_n and_o the_o pay_v of_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v be_v only_o add_v to_o the_o punishment_n express_v against_o a_o judge_n who_o be_v not_o heritable_a yet_o i_o conceive_v that_o be_v add_v in_o the_o last_o place_n it_o be_v applicable_a both_o to_o the_o heritable_a judge_n and_o other_o likeas_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o though_o by_o all_o these_o act_n the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n be_v only_o express_v to_o be_v the_o judge_n competent_a yet_o the_o practica_fw-la the_o justice_n be_v judge_n competent_a if_o partiality_n be_v commit_v in_o any_o criminal_a cause_n as_o for_o instance_n if_o a_o sheriff_n shall_v execute_v any_o panel_n upon_o a_o crime_n prove_v only_o against_o he_o by_o the_o pursuer_n brother_n or_o other_o inhabile_fw-la witness_n or_o upon_o a_o libel_n which_o be_v palpable_o irrelevant_a in_o these_o and_o in_o such_o other_o criminal_a case_n the_o justice_n and_o not_o the_o council_n will_v be_v only_a judge_n competent_a nor_o be_v partiality_n in_o civil_a case_n a_o crime_n by_o our_o law_n though_o it_o be_v punishable_a by_o this_o act_n paena_fw-la arbitraria_fw-la and_o by_o resound_v of_o the_o damage_n sustain_v by_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi the_o foresay_a law_n strike_v only_o against_o partiality_n in_o general_a but_o bribe_v be_v express_o discharge_v by_o the_o 25._o chap._n stat._n k._n william_n but_o there_o be_v no_o punishment_n there_o express_v and_o therefore_o skeen_n add_v in_o his_o observation_n the_o punishment_n of_o l._n 1._o cum_fw-la aut_fw-la hent_n c._n de_fw-fr paen_fw-la judic_fw-la and_o thereafter_o by_o the_o 22._o chap._n 1._o stat._n rob._n 1._o all_o judge_n be_v forbid_v to_o take_v land_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o to_o champart_n either_o for_o give_v defer_v or_o prolong_v of_o justice_n and_o the_o offender_n be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n will_v and_o to_o lose_v their_o office_n for_o all_o their_o life_n champart_n be_v a_o french_a word_n signify_v part_n du_fw-fr champ_n a_o part_n of_o any_o land_n so_o that_o by_o a_o metaphor_n the_o take_v any_o part_n of_o the_o
advantage_n arise_v by_o any_o plea_n be_v forbid_v by_o this_o statute_n which_o the_o civilian_n call_v pactum_fw-la de_fw-la quota_fw-la litis_fw-la by_o the_o 104._o act_n 7._o parl._n i._n 5._o consult_v or_o give_v partial_a judgement_n be_v declare_v bribe_v in_o a_o judge_n and_o such_o as_o diffame_v they_o as_o briber_n be_v punish_v legetalionis_fw-la but_o because_o these_o act_n be_v not_o clear_a against_o bribe_v therefore_o by_o the_o 93._o act._n 6._o parl._n i._n 6._o the_o take_n of_o bribe_n be_v discharge_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n their_o wife_n and_o servant_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o infamy_n deprivation_n and_o confiscation_n of_o all_o their_o movable_n to_o all_o which_o a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v adject_v it_o be_v very_o observable_a that_o by_o this_o act_n not_o only_o the_o take_n of_o bribe_n be_v discharge_v but_o even_o the_o take_v any_o good_n or_o gear_n during_o the_o depend_v of_o a_o plea_n or_o from_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v cause_n depend_v for_o the_o future_a and_o though_o it_o seem_v very_o reasonable_a that_o man_n shall_v not_o be_v discharge_v of_o the_o effect_n of_o their_o friend_n liberality_n and_o shall_v not_o be_v by_o be_v elect_a lord_n of_o session_n put_v in_o a_o worse_a condition_n than_o the_o other_o subject_n yet_o so_o jealous_a be_v the_o law_n of_o bribe_v that_o it_o be_v afraid_a that_o if_o judge_n be_v allow_v to_o take_v at_o any_o rate_n or_o upon_o pretext_n of_o their_o friend_n liberality_n they_o may_v abuse_v this_o pretext_n to_o mere_a bribe_v l._n ult_n c._n h._n t._n l._n 4._o ff_n eod_a and_o yet_o the_o gloss_n ad_fw-la l._n 1._o ff_n h._n t._n allow_v a_o judge_n to_o take_v from_o his_o relation_n within_o the_o six_o degree_n nor_o be_v it_o lawful_a to_o take_v any_o thing_n even_o by_o way_n of_o remuneration_n though_o remuneration_n be_v rather_o a_o pay_v then_o a_o gilt_n matheus_n p._n 619._o but_o i_o conceive_v that_o this_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o a_o remuneration_n make_v for_o service_n do_v during_o a_o plea_n or_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o a_o plea_n or_o upon_o any_o public_a account_n but_o it_o seem_v against_o reason_n to_o think_v that_o if_o a_o brother_n or_o brother_n in_o law_n shall_v entertain_v his_o brother_n family_n whilst_o he_o be_v a_o judge_n that_o he_o may_v not_o receive_v a_o remuneration_n for_o that_o or_o the_o like_a kindness_n the_o second_o observation_n from_o this_o act_n be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o their_o wife_n or_o servant_n to_o take_v bribe_n or_o good_a deed_n which_o be_v consonant_n to_o l._n 1._o c._n h._n t._n by_o which_o the_o judge_n be_v liable_a to_o pay_v the_o quadruple_a of_o what_o his_o servant_n take_v but_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o none_o be_v liable_a by_o this_o statute_n for_o what_o his_o servant_n take_v except_o he_o know_v that_o his_o servant_n take_v by_o command_n or_o ratihabition_n for_o this_o statute_n discharge_v judge_n to_o take_v by_o themselves_o or_o their_o wife_n or_o their_o servant_n which_o imply_v some_o act_n of_o the_o master_n for_o qui_fw-la facit_fw-la per_fw-la alium_fw-la facit_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la but_o he_o who_o be_v absolute_o ignorant_a of_o what_o his_o servant_n do_v can_v be_v punish_v for_o another_o fault_n against_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o law_n else_o the_o master_n shall_v be_v make_v a_o slave_n to_o his_o servant_n who_o may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n force_v he_o to_o what_o he_o decide_v or_o else_o by_o take_v bribe_n may_v ruin_v both_o his_o master_n estate_n and_o reputation_n since_o this_o statute_n discharge_v only_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o it_o shall_v extend_v to_o bribe_n take_v by_o other_o judge_n for_o law_n in_o criminal_a case_n use_v not_o to_o be_v extend_v and_o since_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n may_v by_o bribe_v do_v moâe_n unjustice_n and_o prejudge_v the_o liege_n more_o than_o other_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o other_o judge_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v so_o severe_o punish_v as_o they_o and_o yet_o since_o the_o crime_n of_o bribe_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o law_n of_o nation_n in_o all_o judge_n it_o seem_v just_a to_o extend_v this_o act_n to_o all_o judge_n and_o the_o other_o because_o though_o lex_fw-la julia_fw-la be_v make_v contra_fw-la principales_fw-la magistratus_fw-la yet_o it_o be_v by_o the_o roman_a custom_n extend_v ad_fw-la magistratus_fw-la urbanos_fw-la math._n p._n 617._o iii_o the_o take_n of_o bribe_n or_o good_a deed_n be_v punish_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n per._n l._n jul_a repetundarum_fw-la by_o which_o tenebatur_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o magistratu_fw-la potestate_fw-la curatione_fw-la legatione_fw-la vel_fw-la quo_fw-la alio_fw-la officio_fw-la munere_fw-la ministeriove_n publico_fw-la quid_fw-la acciperit_n quo_fw-la magis_fw-la aut_fw-la quo_fw-la minus_fw-la officium_fw-la faceret_fw-la l._n 1_o 3_o 4_o 6._o ff_n de_fw-fr l._n jul_a repet_n the_o punishment_n of_o crimen_fw-la repetundarum_fw-la be_v death_n if_o money_n be_v take_v to_o pronounce_v a_o capital_a sentence_n unjust_o l._n 7._o or_o banishment_n and_o confiscation_n of_o good_n in_o case_n no_o such_o criminal_a effect_n follow_v ff_n 38._o de_fw-la paenis_fw-la and_o though_o some_o doctor_n teach_v that_o albeit_o it_o be_v capital_a to_o condemn_v a_o innocent_a man_n yet_o to_o absolve_v a_o guilty_a man_n who_o deserve_a death_n be_v only_o punishable_a by_o banishment_n but_o if_o the_o judge_n receive_v money_n or_o commit_v gross_a iniquity_n that_o shall_v be_v punishable_a by_o death_n also_o for_o l._n 7._o h._n t._n do_v not_o distinguish_v these_o two_o case_n this_o crime_n be_v by_o the_o doctor_n call_v banatria_fw-la nam_fw-la baratriam_fw-la committit_fw-la qui_fw-la propter_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la justitiam_fw-la baractat_fw-la farin_n q._n 3._o art_n 10._o and_o they_o conclude_v that_o by_o the_o present_a custom_n of_o nation_n it_o be_v only_o punish_v arbitrary_o not_o exceed_v banishment_n boss._n the_o offic_n corrupt_v num_fw-la 6._o he_o also_o who_o corrupt_v the_o judge_n be_v punishable_a with_o the_o punishment_n of_o falsehood_n gloss_n ad_fw-la l._n qui_fw-la explicandi_fw-la c._n de_fw-fr accus_fw-la which_o hold_v though_o the_o judge_n accept_v not_o the_o bribe_n he_o be_v punishable_a if_o the_o endeavour_n pervenit_fw-la ad_fw-la actum_fw-la proximum_fw-la menoch_n the_o arb_n case_z 343._o he_o also_o who_o corrupt_v the_o judge_n or_o clerk_n lose_v the_o cause_n far._n num_fw-la 126._o but_o i_o differ_v from_o he_o in_o that_o he_o think_v that_o a_o panel_n who_o corrupt_v the_o judge_n in_o a_o criminal_a cause_n ought_v not_o there_o after_o to_o be_v allow_v a_o liberty_n of_o propon_v a_o defence_n for_o a_o innocent_a man_n may_v by_o fear_n be_v drive_v to_o offer_v to_o redeem_v his_o own_o life_n to_o which_o inclination_n the_o law_n indulge_v very_o much_o the_o judge_n who_o judge_n unskilful_o per_fw-la imperitiam_fw-la be_v punishable_a by_o a_o fine_a beside_o that_o he_o pay_v the_o expense_n of_o the_o plea_n l._n fin_n de_fw-fr var._n &_o extr_n crim_n but_o bossius_n and_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o be_v never_o to_o be_v corporal_o punish_v and_o by_o the_o 17._o act_n 6._o p._n ja._n 2._o only_o such_o judge_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v as_o trespass_v wilful_o in_o their_o office_n arbiter_n bribe_v be_v punish_v as_o other_o judge_n but_o some_o â_z do_v just_o conclude_v that_o arbiter_n be_v not_o liable_a for_o their_o unskilfulnesse_n since_o they_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o party_n who_o shall_v blame_v their_o own_o election_n delegat_v judge_n such_o as_o these_o to_o who_o the_o lord_n recommend_v perambulate_v of_o march_n be_v punishable_a for_o bribe_v but_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n they_o be_v not_o punishable_a for_o their_o unskilfulnesse_n assessor_n take_v bribe_n be_v also_o punishable_a but_o some_o think_v they_o not_o punishable_a for_o unskilfulnesse_n since_o the_o judge_n be_v not_o obliedge_v to_o follow_v their_o opinion_n and_o though_o some_o think_v that_o a_o assessor_n get_v a_o salary_n be_v liable_a even_o for_o his_o unskilfulnesse_n curt._n jun._n ad_fw-la l._n 2._o ff_n quod_fw-la cuique_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o he_o shall_v have_v know_v that_o he_o be_v name_v assessor_n to_o supply_v the_o unskilfulnesse_n of_o the_o judge_n yet_o i_o differ_v for_o he_o give_v only_o his_o advice_n and_o so_o be_v liable_a only_o as_o a_o advocate_n be_v v._o judge_n negligent_a in_o put_v law_n to_o execution_n be_v punishable_a for_o their_o remissness_n and_o negligence_n c._n 14._o r._n 2._o by_o the_o escheat_a of_o their_o moveable_n and_o their_o life_n be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n will_v which_o seem_v too_o severe_a a_o punishment_n for_o mere_a negligence_n but_o by_o the_o 26._o act_n 5._o par._n ja._n 3._o a_o judge_n find_v culpable_a which_o
except_o the_o word_n infer_v so_o clear_o a_o injury_n that_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o libel_v the_o design_n 3._o that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi who_o be_v injure_v do_v present_o resent_v the_o injury_n and_o take_v what_o be_v speak_v for_o a_o injury_n which_o the_o lawyer_n call_v revocatio_fw-la injuriae_fw-la ad_fw-la animum_fw-la and_o it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o this_o dissatisfaction_n be_v signify_v either_o open_o and_o express_o or_o by_o some_o other_o act_n which_o testify_v discontent_a ex_fw-la incontinenti_fw-la quis_fw-la injuriam_fw-la debet_fw-la ad_fw-la animum_fw-la revocare_fw-la alius_fw-la ex_fw-la intervallo_fw-la nihil_fw-la facit_fw-la sed_fw-la injuria_fw-la remissa_fw-la censetur_fw-la §_o ult_n just_a de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v because_o the_o essence_n of_o a_o verbal_a injury_n consist_v in_o dissatisfy_v the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v and_o word_n be_v only_a injury_n if_o they_o be_v so_o take_v and_o therefore_o if_o they_o be_v take_v at_o first_o to_o be_v no_o injury_n they_o be_v then_o no_o injury_n and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o then_o a_o injury_n they_o can_v not_o afterward_o become_v such_o since_o than_o injury_n be_v estimat_fw-la according_a to_o the_o design_n of_o the_o offender_n it_o follow_v natural_o that_o man_n who_o be_v fool_n idiot_n very_o young_a or_o very_o drink_v be_v not_o punishable_a for_o verbal_a injury_n except_o the_o offender_n do_v become_v drink_v upon_o design_n to_o offend_v si_fw-la non_fw-la ex_fw-la proposito_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la impetu_fw-la deliquit_fw-la and_o great_a passion_n which_o break_v off_o all_o design_v justa_fw-la &_o non_fw-la affectata_fw-la ira_fw-la excuse_n also_o in_o this_o case_n as_o also_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o object_v true_a crime_n be_v no_o injury_n if_o the_o objecter_n design_v principal_o not_o to_o offend_v the_o person_n guilty_a but_o to_o inform_v the_o commonwealth_n or_o to_o defend_v the_o speaker_n own_o honour_n and_o upon_o the_o first_o account_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o detect_n what_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v not_o much_o concern_v in_o be_v a_o injury_n cravet_fw-la consil_n 145._o and_o upon_o the_o last_o account_n it_o be_v think_v that_o to_o give_v a_o man_n the_o lie_n be_v a_o injury_n but_o that_o it_o be_v no_o injury_n to_o say_v you_o speak_v not_o truth_n for_o in_o the_o one_o we_o defend_v our_o own_o honour_n but_o in_o the_o other_o we_o offend_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o speaker_n and_o custom_n have_v make_v the_o expression_n pass_v for_o a_o expression_n to_o be_v use_v when_o we_o design_v to_o offend_v the_o relate_v likewise_o what_o we_o hear_v from_o good_a author_n who_o design_v no_o prejudice_n be_v sufficient_a also_o to_o defend_v against_o the_o punishment_n due_a to_o injurer_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o court_n of_o savoy_n cod._n fab_n de_fw-fr injur_fw-fr def_n 5._o yet_o sometime_o injury_n be_v infer_v not_o only_o from_o express_a word_n but_o even_o from_o the_o presumptive_a meaning_n of_o the_o speaker_n as_o to_o look_v in_o a_o man_n face_n and_o to_o say_v i_o be_o not_o a_o liar_n as_o other_o be_v afflict_v §_o injuria_fw-la do_fw-mi de_fw-fr parjur_fw-fr firm_a or_o to_o say_v flaunt_o you_o be_v a_o fine_a churchman_n jacob_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la visu_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 3._o num_fw-la 31._o iii_o real_a injury_n be_v commit_v by_o hinder_v a_o man_n to_o use_v what_o be_v his_o own_o by_o remove_v his_o seat_n out_o of_o its_o place_n in_o the_o church_n by_o give_v a_o man_n medicament_n which_o may_v affront_v he_o by_o arrest_v his_o stood_n unjust_o by_o wear_v in_o contempt_n what_o belong_v to_o another_o man_n as_o a_o mark_n of_o honour_n by_o raze_v shameful_o a_o man_n hair_n or_o beard_n by_o offer_v to_o strike_v he_o in_o public_a or_o by_o strike_v he_o or_o rive_v or_o abuse_v his_o clothes_n or_o his_o house_n and_o many_o other_o way_n relate_v by_o berlich_n conclus_fw-la 69._o vi_o according_a to_o our_o law_n verbal_a injury_n be_v punish_v only_o by_o the_o commissar_n who_o be_v judices_fw-la christianitatis_fw-la scandal_n be_v a_o church_n censure_n and_o the_o commissar_n do_v inflict_v pecuniary_a mulct_n and_o make_v the_o offender_n do_v penance_n at_o church_n door_n or_o otherways_o nor_o do_v ordinary_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n either_o advocate_n such_o action_n or_o modify_v their_o penalty_n the_o council_n do_v use_v to_o remit_v to_o the_o commissar_n such_o pursuit_n and_o refuse_v to_o try_v verbal_a injury_n do_v to_o private_a person_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o strauchan_n and_o straiton_n but_o if_o the_o verbal_a injury_n be_v do_v to_o a_o magistrate_n as_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v call_v he_o a_o knave_n or_o a_o fool_n than_o the_o council_n use_v to_o fine_a and_o to_o punish_v even_o verbal_a injury_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o george_n campbel_n and_o the_o bailiff_n of_o inverary_n 1666._o or_o to_o a_o privy_a counsellor_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o mr._n alexander_n spotswood_n and_o the_o justice_n clerk_n and_o though_o verbal_a injury_n be_v extinguish_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n if_o they_o be_v not_o pursue_v within_o a_o year_n or_o by_o posterior_n friendship_n for_o the_o law_n be_v most_o desirous_a to_o pass_v by_o such_o imaginary_a crime_n yet_o in_o george_n campbels_n case_n a_o subsequent_a reconciliation_n be_v not_o sustain_v as_o a_o relevant_a exception_n because_o it_o be_v not_o very_o express_v they_o punish_v also_o scandalum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la the_o criminal_a court_n likewise_o punish_v verbal_a injury_n if_o against_o magistrate_n but_o will_v not_o sustain_v a_o pursuit_n against_o private_a person_n for_o though_o ii_o of_o november_n 1672._o aikman_n against_o carnagy_n nor_o will_v they_o sustain_v a_o criminal_a pursuit_n for_o call_v a_o minister_n perjure_a with_fw-mi stock_n decis_fw-la 108._o where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v the_o present_a custom_n of_o brabant_n not_o to_o sustain_v criminal_a action_n for_o word_n except_o they_o be_v speak_v against_o magistrate_n in_o the_o exercise_n of_o their_o employment_n vid._n l._n ult_n ff_n de_fw-fr priv_n delict_n real_a injury_n may_v be_v pursue_v before_o the_o council_n or_o justice_n court_n and_o the_o punishment_n be_v arbitrary_a v._o infamous_a libel_n libelli_fw-la famosi_fw-la be_v the_o most_o permanent_a of_o all_o injury_n and_o therefore_o be_v most_o severe_o punish_v and_o in_o it_o the_o offender_n show_v more_o design_n and_o therefore_o be_v more_o guilty_a he_o who_o write_v dictate_v or_o affix_n infamous_a libel_n or_o cause_n write_v dictat_fw-la or_o affix_v they_o be_v punishable_a he_o who_o find_v a_o infamous_a libel_n and_o show_v it_o though_o to_o one_o only_a be_v punishable_a if_o malice_n or_o design_n can_v be_v prove_v else_o not_o for_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o ordinary_a nor_o more_o innocent_o do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n then_o to_o show_v such_o libel_n whether_o dolus_fw-la malus_fw-la &_o animus_n iniuriandi_fw-la a_o design_n to_o offend_v be_v presume_v in_o this_o delict_n or_o must_v be_v prove_v be_v much_o controvert_v bertaz_n consil_n 237._o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v presume_v farin_n quest_n 295._o affirm_v it_o be_v not_o presume_v but_o must_v be_v prove_v and_o i_o incline_v to_o this_o last_o opinion_n see_v infamous_a libel_n be_v not_o now_o so_o much_o resent_v as_o former_o custom_n have_v much_o allay_v the_o picque_n which_o use_v to_o ensue_v thereupon_o and_o that_o custom_n defend_v from_o all_o guilt_n in_o this_o case_n be_v most_o learned_o maintain_v by_o coler_n decis_fw-la 154._o where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o stationer_n be_v absolve_v though_o they_o sell_v infamous_a libel_n because_o all_o stationer_n use_n to_o sell_v such_o many_o thing_n do_v likewise_o in_o this_o case_n lessen_v the_o punishment_n as_o that_o the_o panel_n be_v a_o minor_a be_v provoke_v do_v tear_v it_o before_o it_o be_v full_o write_v or_o after_o it_o be_v affix_v or_o confess_v his_o fault_n and_o say_v he_o do_v it_o only_o out_o of_o passion_n or_o curiosity_n or_o if_o what_o be_v say_v be_v true_a berlich_n conclus_fw-la 67._o the_o punishment_n of_o this_o delict_n be_v of_o old_a arbitrary_a paul_n lib._n 5._o scent_n do_fw-mi 14._o but_o be_v make_v capital_a by_o the_o edict_n valentiniani_n &_o valentis_fw-la l._n unic_fw-la c._n the_o famous_a libel_n but_o clar._n make_v it_o arbitrary_a by_o the_o present_a custom_n of_o europe_n and_o so_o it_o be_v with_o we_o at_o present_a in_o scotland_n except_o where_o the_o prince_n be_v abuse_v or_o where_o a_o capital_a crime_n be_v allege_v against_o any_o man_n for_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la infamous_a libel_n be_v just_o punishable_a by_o death_n and_o thus_o fleeming_n be_v hang_v for_o say_v that_o he_o wish_v that_o the_o king_n will_v shoot_v to_o
cause_n in_o the_o first_o instance_n and_o of_o old_a if_o a_o person_n accuse_v for_o treason_n do_v absent_v himself_o the_o criminal_a court_n not_o no_o other_o inferior_a court_n can_v proceed_v to_o take_v trial_n by_o probation_n against_o he_o and_o so_o all_o they_o can_v do_v be_v only_o to_o denounce_v he_o fugitive_n for_o his_o absence_n upon_o which_o denounciation_n his_o escheat_n do_v only_o fall_v but_o he_o can_v not_o be_v forefeit_v and_o therefore_o since_o it_o be_v unjust_a that_o he_o shall_v by_o his_o own_o absence_n procure_v to_o himself_o a_o impunity_n and_o exemption_n from_o forfeiture_n the_o parliament_n do_v by_o their_o supreme_a power_n cite_v the_o person_n guilty_a to_o appear_v before_o they_o and_o do_v lead_v probation_n in_o absence_n against_o he_o and_o forfeit_v he_o in_o absence_n though_o guilty_a but_o it_o be_v find_v inconvenient_a that_o parliament_n behoove_v either_o to_o be_v call_v or_o such_o delinquent_n pass_v unpunished_a therefore_o by_o the_o 11._o act_n 2._o parl._n ch._n 1._o it_o be_v statute_v that_o the_o justice_n may_v proceed_v to_o try_v crime_n by_o probation_n even_o when_o the_o person_n cite_v be_v absent_a in_o case_n of_o treasonable_a rise_n in_o arm_n and_o open_a and_o manifest_a rebellion_n against_o his_o majesty_n or_o his_o successor_n and_o their_o authority_n so_o that_o the_o parliament_n be_v yet_o only_a judge_n to_o the_o trial_n of_o all_o crime_n by_o probation_n against_o absent_v except_o only_a perduellion_n oâ_n open_a and_o manifest_a treason_n and_o albeit_o it_o may_v seem_v strange_a that_o the_o justice_n shall_v have_v be_v allow_v to_o lead_v probation_n against_o absent_v in_o this_o which_o be_v the_o great_a of_o crime_n and_o not_o in_o crime_n of_o lesser_a importance_n yet_o this_o proceed_v from_o the_o just_a detestation_n which_o the_o parliament_n have_v of_o this_o crime_n and_o that_o the_o punishment_n thereof_o may_v not_o be_v delay_v where_o the_o delay_n may_v prove_v so_o dangerous_a ii_o if_o the_o parliament_n forfeit_v any_o person_n after_o cognition_n of_o the_o cause_n their_o sentence_n can_v be_v quarrel_v by_o any_o inferior_a judge_n act_n 39_o parl._n 11._o k._n i._n 6._o and_o though_o it_o be_v add_v to_o that_o act_n that_o no_o forfeiture_n lawful_o and_o orderly_o lead_v in_o parliament_n shall_v be_v quarrel_v by_o any_o inferior_a judicatory_a for_o these_o word_n lawful_o and_o orderly_o lead_v seem_v unnecessary_a since_o after_o cognition_n of_o the_o cause_n by_o the_o parliament_n no_o inferior_a judicatory_a can_v quarrel_v a_o decreet_a of_o parliament_n even_o though_o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o the_o say_v decreet_a be_v not_o lawful_a and_o orderly_a yet_o if_o a_o person_n be_v only_o denounce_v fugitive_n by_o the_o parliament_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n may_v suspend_v in_o that_o case_n if_o the_o process_n be_v not_o orderly_o lead_v but_o whether_o they_o can_v reduce_v even_o in_o that_o case_n est_fw-la altioris_fw-la indaginis_fw-la and_o some_o think_v that_o though_o it_o be_v very_o inconvenient_a that_o such_o a_o decreet_a shall_v receive_v present_a execution_n where_o possible_o the_o party_n be_v not_o lawful_o cite_v yet_o that_o such_o respect_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o parliament_n as_o that_o the_o illegality_n of_o that_o procedure_n before_o they_o though_o not_o object_v before_o sentence_n shall_v remain_v undecided_a till_o the_o next_o session_n of_o parliament_n iii_o if_o the_o parliament_n shall_v remit_v any_o such_o process_n for_o crime_n to_o any_o of_o their_o own_o number_n to_o be_v decide_v final_o before_o they_o it_o have_v be_v doubt_v whether_o their_o decision_n can_v be_v reduce_v by_o the_o session_n and_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n reach_v only_o to_o decision_n in_o parliament_n but_o yet_o since_o decreet_n pronounce_v by_o commissioner_n of_o parliament_n be_v repute_v with_o we_o decreet_n of_o parliament_n and_o since_o decreet_v pronounce_v by_o commissioner_n for_o valuation_n of_o teind_n be_v not_o reduceable_a because_o these_o decreet_n be_v repute_v decreet_n of_o parliament_n as_o be_v pronounce_v by_o such_o commissioner_n of_o parliament_n it_o seem_v that_o decreet_v pronounce_v by_o such_o commissioner_n in_o crime_n after_o probation_n can_v not_o be_v quarrel_v and_o reduce_v by_o the_o session_n or_o other_o inferior_a judicatories_n title_n iu._n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o high-constable_n in_o crminals_n 1._o the_o original_a of_o the_o word_n constable_n and_o his_o power_n 2._o the_o office_n of_o petty_a constable_n 3._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o those_o who_o be_v constable_n of_o his_o majesty_n castle_n i._o some_o describe_v the_o word_n constable_n from_o the_o word_n coning_n which_o signify_v a_o king_n and_o staple_n which_o signify_v a_o stay_n or_o hold_v in_o the_o saxon_a language_n because_o constabulary_n be_v only_o erect_v in_o those_o place_n where_o the_o king_n keep_v house_n and_o thus_o the_o constable_n be_v judge_v of_o old_a to_o all_o crime_n commit_v within_o twelve_o league_n of_o the_o king_n house_n and_o habitation_n l._n malcol_n c._n 6._o though_o skeen_n there_o observe_v that_o the_o best_a manuscript_n bear_v only_o two_o league_n or_o four_o scot_n miles_n our_o craig_n and_o other_o author_n derive_v the_o word_n constable_n from_o the_o comes_fw-la stabuli_fw-la under_o the_o roman_a empire_n nam_fw-la constabularius_fw-la say_v he_o nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la est_fw-la nisi_fw-la praefectus_fw-la aequitum_fw-la since_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n robert_n the_o bruce_n this_o office_n of_o high-constable_n stand_v heretable_o in_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o errol_n and_o their_o be_v some_o debate_n concern_v his_o jurisdiction_n francis_n earl_n of_o errol_n obtain_v commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n date_v the_o 23._o of_o jun_n 1630._o seal_v penult_n march_v 1631._o to_o the_o person_n therein_o specify_v or_o any_o nine_o of_o they_o impower_v they_o to_o search_v the_o act_n of_o parliament_n consuetude_n monument_n and_o register_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o all_o evident_n that_o the_o earl_n of_o errol_n or_o the_o lord_n hay_o his_o son_n shall_v produce_v concern_v their_o honour_n hostilogy_n privilege_n and_o immmunity_n belong_v or_o which_o have_v belong_v to_o the_o office_n of_o constabulary_a from_o the_o first_o institution_n thereof_o this_o commission_n i_o have_v see_v with_o the_o report_n thereof_o date_v the_o 27_o of_o july_n 1631._o bearing_n the_o commissioner_n to_o have_v meet_v with_o the_o earl_n of_o errol_n and_o his_o say_a son_n and_o to_o have_v consider_v their_o instruction_n warrant_n and_o custom_n of_o other_o country_n anent_o the_o constable_n privilege_n and_o in_o the_o three_o article_n of_o the_o report_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n only_o here_o treat_v of_o they_o set_v down_o these_o word_n the_o constable_n be_v supreme_a in_o all_o matter_n of_o riot_n disorder_n blood_n and_o slaughter_v commit_v within_o four_o mile_n of_o the_o king_n person_n or_o of_o the_o parliament_n or_o council_n represent_v the_o royal_a authority_n in_o his_o absence_n and_o that_o alse_a well_o within_o the_o court_n as_o outwith_o the_o same_o and_o the_o trial_n and_o punishment_n of_o such_o crime_n and_o offence_n be_v proper_a and_o due_a to_o the_o constable_n and_o his_o depute_n and_o the_o provost_n and_o baily_n of_o that_o centre_n or_o burgh_n and_o all_o other_o judge_n within_o the_o bound_n where_o the_o say_v fact_n be_v commit_v be_v obliedge_v to_o ride_v concur_v fortify_v and_o assist_v the_o constable_n and_o his_o depute_n in_o take_v the_o say_n malefactor_n and_o to_o make_v their_o tolbooth_n patent_n for_o receive_v they_o therein_o as_o be_v clear_o evident_a by_o production_n of_o warrant_n grant_v by_o his_o majesty_n predecessor_n to_o that_o effect_n and_o which_o likewise_o appear_v by_o the_o exhibition_n of_o certain_a bond_n make_v by_o the_o town_n of_o edinburgh_n to_o the_o constable_n for_o the_o time_n concern_v that_o purpose_n the_o king_n have_v see_v this_o report_n do_v approve_v it_o in_o a_o letter_n direct_v to_o his_o secret_a council_n of_o this_o kingdom_n from_o the_o court_n at_o theobal_n the_o 11._o of_o may_v 1633._o registrat_n in_o the_o book_n of_o secret_a council_n the_o 15._o day_n of_o that_o month_n and_o in_o the_o commission_n report_n and_o letter_n foresay_a the_o constable_n be_v design_v high-constable_n and_o his_o office_n the_o high-office_n of_o constabulary_a the_o constable_n be_v still_o in_o use_n since_o that_o time_n to_o judge_v riot_n within_o the_o bound_n foresaid_n and_o to_o interrupt_v the_o town_n of_o edinburgh_n when_o he_o know_v of_o their_o meddle_v provide_v the_o riot_n be_v commit_v in_o time_n of_o parliament_n and_o i_o be_v tell_v that_o in_o time_n of_o parliament_n hold_v at_o edinburgh_n anno_fw-la 1640._o and_o 1641._o the_o earl_n of_o errol_n be_v find_v
inflict_v of_o such_o punishment_n be_v only_o proper_a to_o kirk_n session_n the_o 15._o of_o february_n 1669._o but_o though_o they_o be_v the_o only_a judge_n competent_a to_o verbal_a injury_n where_o they_o be_v scandal_n yet_o in_o verbal_a injury_n do_v to_o person_n of_o quality_n which_o be_v call_v in_o law_n scandala_fw-la magnatum_fw-la the_o council_n sustain_v itself_o judge_v competent_a the_o king_n be_v as_o the_o author_n so_o the_o protector_n of_o all_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o peerage_n and_o in_o verbal_a injury_n likewise_o do_v to_o magistrate_n the_o council_n be_v also_o judge_n magistrate_n represent_v the_o king_n and_o be_v his_o instrument_n in_o the_o government_n when_o verbal_a injury_n be_v do_v by_o member_n of_o a_o court_n to_o one_o another_o that_o court_n be_v likewise_o judge_v competent_a all_o court_n how_o inferior_a soever_o have_v a_o innat_fw-la power_n to_o chastise_v its_o own_o member_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o esteem_n due_a to_o itself_o and_o therefore_o if_o any_o stranger_n who_o have_v a_o process_n depend_v before_o any_o other_o court_n as_o the_o session_n sheriff_n etc._n etc._n do_v abuse_v contumelious_o any_o three_o party_n though_o no_o member_n yet_o these_o respective_a court_n may_v punish_v the_o same_o if_o the_o injury_n be_v do_v in_o face_n of_o judgement_n and_o if_o it_o be_v do_v to_o any_o inferior_a judge_n extrajudicial_o that_o judge_n if_o he_o be_v in_o the_o actual_a exercise_n of_o his_o office_n he_o may_v likewise_o punish_v the_o same_o except_o the_o offender_n be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o judge_n extrajudicial_o injure_v must_v complain_v to_o the_o lord_n but_o can_v imprison_v they_o summary_o because_o if_o this_o be_v allow_v these_o member_n may_v be_v abstract_v from_o serve_v the_o liedge_n as_o a_o advocate_n when_o he_o be_v to_o plead_v a_o cause_n or_o a_o clerk_n when_o he_o be_v to_o give_v out_o a_o decreet_a and_o this_o last_o have_v be_v frequent_o so_o decide_v though_o verbal_a injury_n amount_v to_o scandal_n be_v only_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o commissar_n yet_o where_o they_o have_v nothing_o in_o they_o of_o scandal_n but_o be_v rather_o reflection_n upon_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v as_o to_o call_v a_o gentleman_n a_o puppy_n or_o a_o ass_n it_o may_v be_v the_o privy_a council_n and_o not_o the_o commissar_n be_v judge_n competent_a the_o commissar_n be_v also_o judge_n competent_a to_o adultery_n in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v divorce_n vid._n tit_n adulterii_fw-la iii_o how_o far_o the_o commissar_n and_o inferior_a judge_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o the_o improve_n of_o writ_n and_o declare_v they_o false_a have_v be_v various_o decide_v but_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o conclusion_n 1._o no_o inferior_a judge_n be_v competent_a to_o try_v the_o falsehood_n of_o writ_n by_o the_o indirect_a manner_n of_o improbation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o presumption_n for_o that_o way_n of_o trial_n be_v in_o effect_n nobilis_fw-la officii_fw-la be_v only_o competent_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n 2._o commissar_n and_o other_o inferior_a judge_n be_v only_o competent_a to_o improbation_n even_o where_o the_o direct_a manner_n be_v extant_a if_o improbation_n be_v propon_v by_o way_n of_o exception_n or_o reply_n for_o then_o the_o trial_n of_o falsehood_n fall_v in_o necessary_o as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o process_n and_o without_o this_o be_v allow_v to_o these_o inferior_a judge_n they_o can_v proceed_v in_o no_o case_n for_o if_o a_o pursuit_n be_v intent_a before_o they_o upon_o a_o bond_n they_o behove_v to_o sist_z if_o the_o bond_n be_v allege_v to_o be_v false_a or_o to_o stop_v if_o the_o defender_n shall_v offer_v to_o improve_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o summons_n but_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o competent_a by_o way_n of_o action_n even_o where_o the_o direct_a manner_n be_v extant_a as_o be_v decide_v the_o last_o of_o november_n 1630._o williamson_n contra_fw-la cushney_n 3._o if_o the_o commissar_n or_o other_o inferior_a judge_n pronounce_v once_o a_o decreet_a he_o can_v thereafter_o reduce_v his_o own_o decreet_a as_o have_v proceed_v upon_o false_a execution_n though_o the_o execution_n be_v give_v by_o his_o own_o officer_n since_o they_o be_v only_a judge_n competent_a to_o such_o forgery_n incidenter_n but_o after_o sentence_n they_o be_v functi_fw-la as_o be_v find_v the_o 29._o of_o january_n 1677._o cowan_n contra_fw-la the_o commissar_n of_o glasgows_n phiscal_n and_o according_a to_o these_o conclusion_n the_o late_a instruction_n give_v to_o the_o commissar_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v title_n xi_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o regality_n in_o criminal_n 1._o the_o origine_fw-la of_o regality_n 2._o they_o be_v account_v inferior_a judicatur_n 3._o why_o the_o heritor_n of_o a_o regality_n be_v call_v a_o lord_n of_o regality_n 4._o whether_o his_o majesty_n may_v erect_v regality_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o heritable_a jurisdiction_n 5._o they_o can_v repledge_v in_o case_n of_o treason_n nor_o from_o justice_n air_n 6._o the_o difference_n betwixt_o ecclesiastic_a and_o laic_a regality_n and_o from_o who_o they_o may_v repledge_a 7._o the_o form_n of_o a_o repledgiation_n 8._o regalities_n must_v have_v a_o burgh_n of_o regality_n and_o to_o what_o that_o burgh_n be_v tie_v 9_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o lord_n of_o regalities_n power_n i._o by_o the_o feudal_n law_n to_o which_o regality_n owe_v their_o origine_fw-la alia_fw-la erant_fw-la regalia_z alia_fw-la erant_fw-la feuda_fw-la regalem_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la habentia_fw-la which_o be_v the_o same_o difference_n in_o our_o law_n betwixt_o regalia_z and_o regality_n regalia_z be_v such_o privilege_n as_o immediate_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o do_v not_o original_o belong_v to_o nor_o can_v be_v communicate_v by_o any_o else_o such_o as_o to_o coin_v money_n to_o open_a mine_n of_o silver_n gold_n etc._n etc._n but_o regality_n be_v fews_n which_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n to_o a_o subject_a they_o have_v as_o large_a a_o jurisdiction_n as_o the_o sheriff_n have_v in_o civil_n or_o the_o justice_n in_o criminal_o the_o habilis_fw-la modus_fw-la of_o grant_v which_o right_n be_v by_o signator_n whereupon_o a_o charter_n follow_v which_o pass_v the_o great_a seal_n ii_o regality_n be_v account_v inferior_a judicatur_n cap_n 76._o quon_n attach_v by_o which_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o no_o inferior_a judge_n shall_v judge_v the_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o regality_n be_v express_o number_v among_o inferior_a court_n act_n 173._o parl._n 13._o k._n ja._n 6._o by_o which_o it_o be_v likewise_o statute_n that_o he_o who_o strike_v any_o person_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o justice_n shall_v incur_v the_o pain_n of_o death_n but_o he_o who_o strike_v any_o before_o the_o sheriff_n lord_n of_o regality_n or_o other_o inferior_a judge_n shall_v only_o pay_v a_o hundred_o pound_n but_o though_o they_o be_v account_v inferior_a judge_n when_o compare_v with_o the_o justice_n or_o commissioner_n of_o justiciary_a yet_o they_o have_v great_a power_n in_o the_o way_n of_o their_o procedor_fw-la and_o in_o the_o proportion_v of_o their_o fine_n than_o sheriff_n or_o other_o inferior_a judge_n have_v for_o they_o may_v fine_v in_o a_o hundred_o pound_n though_o sheriff_n and_o other_o can_v as_o be_v find_v the_o 30_o of_o january_n 1663._o stewart_n against_o bogle_n and_o general_o they_o have_v the_o same_o power_n and_o the_o same_o allowance_n with_o the_o justice_n except_o when_o a_o express_a law_n make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o the_o 43._o act_n 11._o parl._n k._n ja._n 2._o appoint_v that_o no_o regality_n shall_v be_v grant_v without_o deliverance_n of_o parliament_n which_o nullity_n of_o old_a can_v not_o have_v be_v receive_v ope_v exceptionis_fw-la if_o it_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n have_v 1610._o and_o they_o be_v still_o subject_a to_o revocation_n by_o the_o king_n if_o they_o be_v otherwise_o grant_v as_o may_v be_v see_v by_o the_o revocation_n 1633._o and_o all_o precede_a iii_o he_o in_o who_o favour_n the_o regality_n be_v grant_v be_v still_o call_v the_o lord_n of_o regality_n though_o he_o be_v otherwise_o but_o a_o baron_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v because_o by_o the_o feudal_n law_n tria_fw-la erant_fw-la tantum_fw-la feuda_fw-la regalem_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la habentia_fw-la &_o quibus_fw-la inerat_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la regalis_fw-la viz_o ducatus_fw-la marchionatus_fw-la &_o comitatus_fw-la and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o no_o land_n can_v be_v comprehend_v under_o this_o jurisdiction_n by_o our_o law_n but_o such_o as_o belong_v to_o he_o in_o who_o favour_n that_o jurisdiction_n be_v grant_v either_o in_o property_n or_o superiority_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v find_v that_o his_o majesty_n palace_n though_o situate_v in_o burgh_n of_o
therefore_o act_n 89._o par._n 6._o ja._n 1._o ratify_v act_n 28.3_o par._n k._n ja._n 4._o with_o this_o addition_n that_o if_o any_o heritable_a sheriff_n omit_v his_o duty_n in_o prosecute_n of_o this_o crime_n after_o this_o manner_n he_o shall_v lose_v his_o heritable_a office_n for_o three_o year_n but_o if_o he_o have_v only_o that_o office_n for_o the_o time_n he_o shall_v lose_v it_o during_o all_o that_o time_n from_o which_o act_n it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o the_o sheriff_n be_v not_o only_o judge_v competent_a to_o slaughter_n but_o to_o murder_v and_o both_o to_o the_o one_o and_o to_o the_o other_o at_o any_o time_n if_o he_o have_v either_o apprehend_v the_o person_n or_o have_v ex_fw-la in_o continenti_fw-la do_v diligence_n for_o apprehend_v he_o but_o the_o sheriff_n be_v not_o judge_n competent_a to_o murder_v though_o commit_v within_o his_o jurisdiction_n except_o in_o either_o of_o these_o case_n iv._o the_o way_n of_o procedure_v before_o the_o sheriff_n be_v by_o a_o assize_n and_o the_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v pursuer_fw-mi in_o place_n of_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n yet_o sometime_o the_o sheriff_n or_o baron_n may_v condemn_v upon_o the_o panel_n confession_n without_o a_o assize_n as_o dur._n observe_v penult_n january_n 1622._o but_o if_o the_o party_n be_v present_a the_o sheriff_n can_v condemn_v he_o as_o hold_v pro_fw-la confesso_fw-la though_o he_o refuse_v to_o depon_n but_o co_fw-la casu_fw-la he_o must_v put_v he_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o assize_n as_o be_v find_v 24._o july_n 1633._o dickson_n contra_fw-la halyday_n and_o albeit_o a_o blood_n prove_v by_o confession_n may_v be_v punish_v by_o a_o unlaw_n of_o fifty_o pound_n yet_o when_o blood_n be_v punish_v upon_o contumacious_a refusal_n to_o swear_v the_o unlaw_n can_v exceed_v ten_o pound_n 17._o february_n 1624._o v._o the_o sheriff_n may_v pursue_v when_o any_o person_n compear_v and_o insist_o with_o he_o in_o the_o pursuit_n but_o if_o the_o crime_n be_v pursue_v by_o way_n of_o indictment_n without_o the_o concurrence_n of_o any_o party_n the_o justice_n general_n be_v only_a judge_n competent_a thereto_o skeen_n verbo_fw-la sheriff_n but_o that_o rule_n be_v too_o general_a and_o may_v admit_v of_o this_o distinction_n viz._n that_o either_o the_o thief_n be_v take_v with_o fang_n and_o then_o the_o sheriff_n may_v proceed_v to_o judge_v he_o though_o no_o private_a pursuer_fw-mi insist_v against_o he_o nor_o need_v there_o three_o fang_n for_o justify_v that_o pursuit_n albeit_o sheriff_n now_o never_o proceed_v but_o where_o three_o fang_n be_v prove_v or_o else_o no_o fang_n be_v find_v &_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la the_o sheriff_n can_v judge_v the_o thief_n except_o there_o be_v a_o pursuit_n intend_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o private_a party_n vi_o the_o sheriff_n shall_v assist_v in_o all_o justice_n air_n hold_v by_o the_o justice_n general_n or_o the_o chamberlain_n and_o shall_v produce_v the_o verification_n of_o all_o the_o summons_n which_o be_v make_v to_o the_o justice_n air_n and_o shall_v make_v provision_n at_o the_o justice_n air_n and_o his_o clerk_n which_o shall_v be_v allow_v in_o the_o first_o end_n of_o his_o account_n to_o the_o exchequer_n and_o he_o shall_v arrest_v such_o person_n as_o the_o crowner_n can_v arrest_v and_o shall_v those_o a_o assize_n upon_o the_o last_o day_n of_o the_o justice_n air_n anent_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o office_n ja._n 3._o parl._n 14._o cap._n 102._o and_o if_o he_o be_v find_v culpable_a the_o justice_n general_n may_v remove_v he_o from_o his_o office_n till_o the_o next_o parliament_n and_o put_v another_o in_o his_o place_n to_o officiat_fw-la in_o the_o interim_n st._n rob._n bruce_n ex_fw-la lib._n sconen_n relate_v by_o skeen_n ibid._n but_o much_o of_o this_o be_v antiquate_v by_o custom_n for_o the_o thesaurer_n send_v along_o with_o the_o justice_n air_n a_o person_n special_o commissionated_a by_o they_o who_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o justice_n clerk_n vii_o if_o the_o sheriff_n fail_v in_o his_o duty_n he_o be_v punish_v of_o old_a by_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o office_n during_o his_o life_n and_o imprisonment_n during_o his_o majesty_n pleasure_n st._n david_n cap._n 13._o &_o 69._o but_o now_o for_o negligence_n in_o his_o office_n he_o tine_v the_o same_o for_o year_n and_o day_n and_o be_v punishable_a in_o his_o person_n and_o good_n at_o his_o majesty_n pleasure_n ja._n 2._o par._n 14._o cap._n 37._o and_o yet_o the_o lord_n yester_n have_v suffer_v two_o thief_n negligent_o to_o escape_v and_o his_o heritable_a office_n of_o sheriffship_n be_v upon_o that_o account_n take_v from_o he_o by_o king_n james_n the_o five_o that_o decreet_a be_v reduce_v for_o it_o be_v find_v too_o small_a to_o infer_v the_o loss_n of_o a_o heritable_a office_n stat._n sessionis_fw-la pag._n 34._o which_o be_v observe_v by_o hop_v likewise_o in_o his_o large_a practic_n if_o the_o sheriff_n absolute_o refuse_v to_o do_v justice_n he_o lose_v likewise_o his_o office_n and_o be_v punishable_a at_o his_o majesty_n pleasure_n but_o if_o he_o do_v injustice_n he_o lose_v his_o office_n if_o it_o be_v heritable_a for_o three_o year_n but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o heritable_a he_o lose_v it_o during_o the_o time_n he_o be_v to_o enjoy_v it_o former_o and_o in_o both_o case_n he_o be_v punishable_a arbitrary_a in_o his_o person_n and_o be_v obliedge_v to_o refound_v the_o damnage_n and_o interest_n sustain_v by_o the_o party_n laese_v k._n i._n 3._o p._n 5._o cap._n 26._o but_o if_o he_o bribe_v or_o give_v partial_a counsel_n he_o forefault_n his_o fame_n honour_n and_o dignity_n and_o be_v likewise_o punishable_a in_o his_o person_n and_o good_n k._n i._n 5._o par._n 7._o cap._n 104._o if_o the_o case_n be_v difficult_a the_o lord_n of_o session_n will_v sometimes_o advocate_n the_o cause_n from_o the_o sheriff_n to_o the_o justice_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o theft-boot_n pursue_v by_o connadge_n the_o sheriff_n deput_fw-la of_o invernesse_n against_o makintosh_n and_o sometime_o the_o council_n will_v discharge_v the_o sheriff_n to_o proceed_v without_o advocate_a the_o cause_n if_o they_o find_v either_o the_o case_n to_o be_v difficult_a or_o the_o sheriff_n and_o his_o depute_n to_o be_v suspect_v title_n xiii_o the_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n of_o baron_n 1._o in_o what_o case_n baron_n may_v judge_v 2._o the_o clerk_n of_o that_o court_n need_v not_o be_v a_o nottar_n 3._o whether_o he_o may_v punish_v theft_n or_o fire-raising_a i._o a_o baron_n in_o our_o law_n be_v general_o understand_v to_o be_v one_o who_o be_v infest_v in_o any_o land_n though_o not_o erect_v in_o a_o barony_n in_o which_o sense_n he_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n but_o only_o that_o he_o can_v unlaw_n his_o own_o tennent_n for_o blood_n commit_v upon_o his_o own_o ground_n as_o be_v find_v the_o penult_n of_o january_n 1622._o johnstoun_n against_o the_o laird_n of_o west-nisbit_a but_o a_o baron_n proper_o be_v he_o who_o be_v infest_v with_o power_n of_o pit_n and_o gallow_n fossa_fw-la &_o furca_fw-la a_o barron_n judge_n crime_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o sheriff_n and_o may_v like_v he_o proceed_v in_o time_n of_o vacance_n to_o judge_v these_o crime_n to_o which_o he_o be_v otherwise_o competent_a but_o it_o have_v be_v controvert_v whether_o baron_n have_v be_v judge_n competent_a to_o process_n for_o penal_a statute_n since_o the_o penalty_n there_o be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o king_n fisk_n and_o so_o shall_v be_v judge_v in_o his_o own_o court_n but_o the_o lord_n find_v the_o 3._o of_o february_n 1674._o that_o they_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o penal_a statute_n by_o the_o constant_a custom_n of_o this_o nation_n albeit_o in_o civil_a case_n baron_n may_v appoint_v baily_n yet_o balfour_n cap._n 63._o observe_n that_o in_o criminalibus_fw-la no_o person_n below_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o baron_n may_v sit_v upon_o blood_n nam_fw-la potestas_fw-la gladii_fw-la est_fw-la meri_fw-la imperii_fw-la quae_fw-la nullo_n modo_fw-la delegari_fw-la potest_fw-la except_o there_o be_v a_o express_a power_n give_v by_o the_o sovereign_n for_o that_o effect_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o justice_n and_o sheriff_n who_o have_v power_n to_o deput_n and_o that_o power_n of_o deputation_n be_v unnecessar_n if_o it_o be_v otherwise_o competent_a ii_o the_o clerk_n of_o all_o other_o court_n must_v be_v notar_n but_o the_o clerk_n of_o a_o baron_n court_n need_v not_o be_v a_o nottar_n and_o yet_o the_o decreet_a of_o a_o baron_n for_o a_o unlaw_n will_v be_v sustain_v found_v upon_o a_o confession_n though_o the_o confession_n be_v not_o subscribe_v as_o be_v observe_v by_o durie_n the_o penult_n of_o january_n 1622._o but_o by_o a_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la it_o be_v ordain_v that_o no_o sentence_n of_o any_o inferior_a court_n
and_o the_o power_n of_o give_v of_o quarter_n be_v natural_o inherent_a in_o all_o soldier_n as_o such_o and_o as_o the_o council_n without_o express_a remission_n from_o the_o king_n upon_o submission_n may_v have_v secure_v their_o life_n so_o may_v soldier_n by_o quarter_n for_o they_o have_v as_o much_o power_n in_o the_o field_n as_o the_o other_o at_o the_o council_n table_n 2._o lawyer_n be_v very_o clear_a that_o quarter_n shall_v be_v keep_v though_o give_v to_o subject_n who_o be_v rebel_n grotius_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 19_o where_o after_o he_o have_v full_o treat_v that_o question_n de_fw-fr fide_fw-la servanda_fw-la conclude_v that_o side_n data_fw-la etiam_fw-la persidis_fw-la &_o rebellibus_fw-la subditis_fw-la est_fw-la servanda_fw-la and_o this_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o civil_a war_n in_o holland_n and_o france_n and_o by_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o father_n at_o home_n during_o the_o late_a trouble_n 3._o quarâer_o be_v advantageous_a to_o the_o king_n and_o so_o shall_v be_v keep_v for_o these_o who_o be_v take_v may_v have_v kill_v his_o majesty_n general_n or_o officer_n and_o by_o give_v quarter_n to_o his_o enemy_n he_o redeem_v his_o servant_n and_o if_o the_o only_a effect_n of_o quarter_n be_v to_o be_v reserve_v to_o a_o public_a trial_n none_o will_v accept_v quarter_n notwithstanding_o of_o which_o reply_n the_o defence_n be_v repel_v and_o the_o panel_n condemn_v and_o thereafter_o execute_v the_o second_o question_n be_v that_o which_o be_v debate_v in_o haddo_n case_n 16._o march_n 1642._o at_o which_o time_n that_o loyal_a gentleman_n haddo_n be_v pursue_v for_o kill_v mr._n james_n stalker_n servitor_n to_o the_o lord_n frazer_n he_o allege_v that_o the_o say_v mr._n james_n be_v kill_v in_o the_o open_a field_n in_o a_o conflict_n betwixt_o the_o convenanters_n and_o ante-covenanters_n all_o which_o act_v of_o ostility_n be_v remit_v by_o the_o pacification_n to_o which_o ãâã_d be_v reply_v that_o the_o pacification_n do_v only_o secure_a against_o act_n of_o hostility_n which_o be_v do_v in_o furore_fw-la belli_fw-la but_o this_o be_v a_o private_a murder_n for_o the_o say_a mr._n james_n have_v be_v take_v a_o prisoner_n haddo_n do_v come_v up_o to_o he_o and_o ask_v who_o servant_n he_o be_v and_o hear_v that_o he_o be_v servant_n to_o the_o lord_n frazer_n he_o say_v your_o master_n man_n be_v the_o person_n that_o i_o be_o seek_v and_o thereupon_o order_v to_o kill_v he_o which_o be_v according_o do_v by_o which_o it_o clear_o appear_v that_o this_o be_v a_o private_a murder_n do_v in_o cold_a blood_n and_o upon_o premeditat_fw-la malice_n and_o mr._n james_n stalker_n be_v a_o prisoner_n any_o who_o kill_v he_o be_v liable_a for_o his_o murder_n ex_fw-la jure_fw-la militari_fw-la and_o the_o pacification_n can_v no_o more_o defend_v the_o committer_n then_o if_o he_o have_v go_v into_o a_o prison_n and_o kill_v a_o prisoner_n or_o if_o he_o have_v commit_v a_o rapt_v upon_o a_o woman_n likea_n murderer_n be_v express_o except_v from_o the_o pacification_n 2._o haddo_n be_v no_o general_a person_n and_o so_o can_v not_o give_v order_n for_o his_o execution_n and_o so_o the_o kill_n of_o the_o defunct_a be_v not_o warrantable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n to_o which_o it_o be_v duply_v that_o the_o pacification_n do_v secure_a against_o all_o deed_n whatsoever_o do_v upon_o the_o field_n by_o person_n engage_v in_o either_o party_n without_o debate_v whether_o the_o deed_n be_v lawful_o or_o unlawful_o do_v and_o the_o occasion_n and_o not_o the_o manner_n of_o kill_v be_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o as_o to_o the_o manner_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o mr._n james_n have_v never_o get_v any_o quarter_n and_o so_o be_v not_o a_o prisoner_n in_o war_n and_o therefore_o may_v have_v be_v kill_v by_o any_o engage_v in_o the_o quarrel_n whether_o general_a person_n or_o other_o but_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o say_a haddo_n do_v command_v that_o party_n which_o be_v equivalent_a to_o his_o be_v a_o general_a person_n and_o albeit_o the_o pacification_n do_v express_o except_o murder_n yet_o that_o behove_v only_o to_o be_v interpret_v of_o such_o murder_n as_o have_v no_o contingency_n with_o the_o trouble_n nor_o be_v occasion_v by_o they_o this_o debate_n be_v not_o decide_v but_o be_v remit_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o that_o worthy_a gentleman_n execute_v for_o rise_v in_o arm_n against_o the_o estate_n of_o parliament_n iii_o i_o find_v that_o there_o be_v a_o commission_n grant_v by_o the_o parliament_n in_o anno_fw-la 1644._o to_o two_o baily_n of_o edinburgh_n to_o sit_v and_o hold_v justice_n court_n upon_o such_o soldier_n as_o be_v runaway_n and_o that_o upon_o this_o commission_n james_n french_a be_v condemn_v by_o they_o for_o run_v away_o from_o his_o colour_n contrary_a to_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1644._o and_o be_v hang_v according_o from_o which_o these_o observation_n may_v be_v make_v 1._o that_o the_o justice_n be_v not_o judge_n competent_a to_o crime_n that_o be_v mere_o military_a 2._o that_o we_o have_v no_o stand_a law_n for_o execute_v runaway_n beside_o the_o martial_a law_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o law_n found_v upon_o this_o indictment_n except_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1644._o which_o be_v now_o abrogat_fw-la 3._o it_o be_v observable_a that_o one_o mr._n alexander_n henderson_n as_o procurator_n fiscal_n and_o not_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n be_v here_o pursuer_fw-mi from_o all_o which_o it_o seem_v somewhat_o strange_a that_o this_o process_n shall_v have_v be_v insert_v in_o the_o adjournal_n book_n iu._n but_o albeit_o deserter_n be_v here_o punish_v with_o death_n yet_o regulariter_fw-la milites_fw-la gregarij_fw-la or_o list_a soldier_n be_v only_o punishable_a in_o time_n of_o peace_n with_o degredation_n and_o in_o time_n of_o war_n with_o death_n because_o the_o hazard_n be_v then_o great_a l._n 5._o §_o 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr remilit_fw-la and_o by_o that_o law_n they_o may_v be_v kill_v by_o any_o man_n lib._n 2._o cod._n quando_fw-la liciat_a unic_n etc._n etc._n but_o this_o arbitrary_a kill_n be_v not_o now_o in_o use_n as_o voet_n de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr militat_fw-la very_o well_o observe_v if_o superior_a officer_n leave_v their_o charge_n they_o commit_v treason_n l._n 2._o ff_n ad_fw-la leg_n jul_a maje_v vid._n tit_n treason_n v._o constantine_n have_v extinguish_v the_o office_n of_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la who_o be_v the_o supreme_a judge_n in_o all_o military_a case_n the_o magistri_fw-la militum_fw-la succeed_v and_o be_v sole_a judge_n of_o all_o crime_n commit_v by_o soldier_n both_o in_o civil_a and_o in_o military_a case_n and_o if_o soldier_n have_v offend_v the_o civil_a magistrate_n may_v have_v secure_v but_o he_o be_v obledge_v to_o remit_v they_o cum_fw-la elogio_fw-la to_o their_o own_o officer_n l._n 9_o ff_n de_fw-fr custod_n reor_fw-la vid._n tit_n c._n de_fw-fr remilit_fw-la title_n xvii_o advocation_n of_o criminal_a cause_n 1._o advocation_n define_v 2._o no_o advocation_n from_o the_o justice_n 3._o how_o advocation_n be_v raise_v from_o inferior_a court_n and_o the_o form_n thereto_o relate_v 4._o the_o ordinary_a reason_n of_o advocation_n examine_v 5._o whether_o the_o justice_n be_v proper_a judge_n to_o their_o own_o competency_n i._o advocation_n be_v the_o away_o call_v of_o a_o intend_a cause_n or_o pursuit_n from_o a_o inferior_a incompetent_a judicatory_a to_o a_o high_a and_o more_o competent_a and_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n with_o we_o that_o recusatio_fw-la judicis_fw-la be_v with_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v by_o the_o doctor_n call_v advocatio_fw-la or_o evocatio_fw-la which_o be_v by_o they_o define_v to_o be_v litis_fw-la pendentis_fw-la coram_fw-la inferiore_fw-la ad_fw-la superiorem_fw-la absque_fw-la provocatione_n facta_fw-la translatio_fw-la gail_n lib._n 1._o ob_n 41_o num_fw-la 7._o and_o be_v found_v upon_o cap._n ut_fw-la nostrum_fw-la de_fw-la appell_n &_o l._n jud_v solvitur_fw-la ff_n de_fw-mi jud_v ii_o their_a be_v no_o advocation_n raise_v of_o pursuit_n intent_a before_o the_o justice_n but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o design_n of_o stop_v a_o pursuit_n depend_v before_o they_o there_o use_v to_o be_v a_o petition_n give_v in_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o secret_a council_n who_o if_o they_o find_v the_o desire_n of_o the_o petition_n just_a will_v ordain_v the_o justice_n to_o stop_v all_o further_a procedor_fw-la or_o will_v remit_v the_o inquiry_n to_o any_o other_o court_n as_o they_o do_v in_o a_o pursuit_n intent_a at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o caithness_n against_o some_o vassal_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o sutherland_n which_o they_o stop_v as_o to_o the_o earl_n himself_o and_o ordain_v his_o vassal_n to_o be_v pursue_v before_o his_o own_o regality_n court_n sometime_o also_o they_o ordain_v assessor_n to_o be_v justice_n so_o that_o there_o be_v never_o a_o cause_n formal_o advocate_n from_o before_o the_o justice_n
or_o otherwise_o the_o pain_n be_v arbitrary_a and_o there_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi can_v by_o his_o petition_n determine_v the_o same_o but_o must_v leave_v it_o to_o the_o judge_n l._n 1._o §_o quorum_fw-la ff_n ad_fw-la s._n c._n turpil_n l._n ff_o de_fw-fr private_a delicti_fw-la l._n ordine_fw-la ff_n ad_fw-la unicipalem_fw-la and_o in_o the_o form_n set_v down_o l._n 3._o ff_n de_fw-fr accusatio_fw-la by_o paulus_n there_o be_v no_o conclusion_n express_v but_o yet_o with_o we_o there_o be_v always_o a_o conclusion_n in_o every_o libel_n though_o it_o be_v general_a and_o i_o perceive_v that_o most_o of_o the_o practitioner_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o at_o least_o a_o general_a conclusion_n shall_v be_v add_v iii_o whether_o a_o libel_n be_v libel_v qualificate_n the_o pursuer_fw-mi may_v pass_v from_o the_o quality_n have_v be_v thus_o determine_v by_o lawyer_n that_o if_o the_o quality_n amount_v to_o another_o different_a crime_n it_o can_v be_v pass_v from_o but_o if_o the_o quality_n amount_v only_o to_o a_o aggrage_a circumstance_n it_o may_v be_v pass_v from_o as_o for_o instance_n if_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi libel_n upon_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n whereby_o murder_n under_o trust_n be_v treason_n and_o subsume_v that_o the_o panel_n be_v guilty_a of_o murder_n under_o trust_n in_o so_o far_o as_o the_o person_n murder_v be_v father_n to_o the_o murderer_n if_o when_o the_o case_n be_v to_o be_v try_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi shall_v declare_v that_o he_o insist_o against_o he_o as_o a_o murderer_n simple_o because_o he_o be_v not_o sure_a to_o prove_v that_o the_o person_n kill_v be_v father_n i_o think_v eo_fw-la casu_fw-la the_o pursuer_fw-mi can_v not_o so_o reform_v or_o declare_v his_o libel_n for_o that_o make_v the_o crime_n to_o differ_v the_o one_o be_v murder_n the_o other_o treason_n and_o the_o defender_n be_v only_o obliedge_v to_o prepare_v he_o to_o defend_v against_o treason_n and_o find_v that_o he_o be_v secure_a as_o to_o the_o crime_n libel_v he_o need_v not_o prepare_v other_o defence_n or_o raise_v exculpation_n for_o that_o effect_n but_o these_o quality_n which_o amount_v only_o to_o aggravation_n may_v be_v pass_v from_o as_o be_v decide_v 11._o november_n 1672._o for_o aikmaâ_n have_v pursue_v carnegy_n of_o newgate_n for_o oppression_n conform_v to_o the_o 25._o act_n 4._o parl._n k._n i_o 5._o because_o he_o have_v beat_v he_o who_o be_v a_o magistrate_n in_o the_o exercise_n of_o his_o office_n the_o justice_n have_v find_v that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi can_v not_o in_o the_o construction_n of_o law_n be_v repute_v a_o magistrate_n because_o he_o have_v not_o take_v the_o declaration_n it_o be_v thereafter_o allege_v that_o the_o libel_n be_v only_o found_v upon_o the_o foresay_a statute_n conceive_v in_o favour_n of_o magistrate_n and_o the_o conclusion_n be_v against_o oppression_n and_o not_o against_o beat_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi can_v no_o more_o insist_v upon_o that_o libel_n which_o be_v repel_v for_o the_o justice_n find_v that_o the_o beat_v any_o man_n be_v a_o crime_n and_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi might_n insist_v against_o the_o defender_n for_o beat_v he_o since_o his_o be_v a_o magistrate_n be_v only_o a_o aggrage_a circumstance_n yet_o this_o seem_v a_o hard_a decision_n since_o the_o proposition_n of_o the_o libel_n do_v not_o bear_v that_o beat_v be_v punishable_a nor_o do_v the_o conclusion_n bear_v that_o at_o least_o the_o panel_n be_v punishable_a for_o beat_v a_o free_a liege_n &_o if_o this_o be_v universal_o allow_v alternative_a libel_n be_v unnecessary_a and_o this_o will_v occasion_v much_o looseness_n in_o criminal_a libel_n whereas_o lawyer_n treat_v of_o criminal_a libel_n have_v lay_v it_o down_o as_o a_o principle_n that_o in_o criminalibus_fw-la non_fw-la licet_fw-la vagare_fw-la and_o the_o crime_n of_o oppression_n and_o beat_v be_v different_a nor_o can_v it_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o a_o private_a person_n differ_v from_o a_o magistrate_n so_o that_o this_o quality_n make_v the_o person_n the_o crime_n and_o the_o medium_n concludendi_fw-la to_o differ_v iv._o for_o the_o better_a clear_n of_o our_o custom_n in_o these_o case_n i_o have_v set_v down_o the_o form_n both_o of_o the_o criminal_a letter_n and_o criminal_a indictment_n now_o in_o use_n with_o we_o a_o criminal_a summons_n charles_n etc._n etc._n humble_o mean_v and_o complain_v to_o we_o by_o our_o lovit_n a._n the_o relict_n b._n sister_n daughter_n and_o near_a kinswoman_n c._n as_o mr._n with_o the_o remanent_fw-la kin_n of_o umquhile_n main_n servant_n to_o the_o say_v c._n and_o our_o right_a trusty_a and_o well_o belove_a councillor_n our_o advocate_n for_o our_o interest_n in_o the_o matter_n underwrite_v upon_o listoun_n without_o any_o just_a cause_n offence_n or_o injury_n do_v to_o he_o by_o the_o say_a umquhile_n man_n have_v conceive_v a_o deadly_a hatred_n and_o evil_a will_n against_o he_o with_o a_o settle_a purpose_n and_o resolution_n to_o bereave_v he_o of_o his_o life_n one_o way_n or_o another_o late_o upon_o the_o last_o day_n of_o ãâ¦ã_z where_o the_o say_a main_n be_v in_o quiet_a and_o sober_a manner_n for_o the_o time_n expect_v no_o harm_n injury_n nor_o pursuit_n of_o any_o person_n but_o to_o have_v live_v under_o god_n peace_n and_o we_o and_o the_o say_v listoun_n being_n bodden_fw-mi with_o a_o great_a batton_n or_o ring_v in_o his_o hand_n and_o with_o knife_n and_o other_o invasive_a weapon_n first_o upbraid_v the_o say_a main_n with_o word_n allege_v that_o he_o be_v a_o common_a thief_n and_o have_v steal_v etc._n etc._n and_o thereafter_o because_o the_o say_a main_n have_v purge_v himself_o of_o that_o calumny_n and_o say_v he_o be_v as_o honest_a a_o man_n as_o himself_o he_o thereupon_o run_v and_o rush_v the_o say_a main_n be_v a_o age_a man_n of_o 74._o year_n of_o age_n to_o the_o ground_n under_o his_o foot_n strike_v he_o in_o the_o head_n craig_n shoulder_n and_o side_n with_o the_o say_v batton_n lap_n upon_o his_o breast_n and_o belly_n with_o his_o foot_n and_o knee_n beat_v he_o upon_o the_o heart_n and_o thereby_o break_v and_o bruise_v his_o whole_a entrails_n and_o noble_a part_n thereafter_o hease_v and_o draw_v he_o by_o the_o heel_n off_o the_o said_n land_n by_o the_o space_n of_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n to_o a_o low_a vault_n in_o etc._n etc._n and_o imprison_v he_o therein_o tanquam_fw-la in_o privato_fw-la carcere_fw-la he_o be_v in_o the_o dead_a thraw_n likeas_n within_o three_o hour_n after_o his_o imprison_n in_o the_o say_a vault_n the_o poor_a age_a man_n die_v of_o the_o say_n stroke_n and_o hurt_n likea_n to_o suppress_v the_o murder_n the_o say_a listoun_n with_o his_o complice_n bury_v he_o in_o a_o obscure_a place_n in_o the_o night_n time_n and_o swa_o the_o say_a main_n be_v shameful_o and_o cruel_o murder_v and_o slay_v and_o secret_o bury_v by_o the_o say_v listoun_n and_o his_o complice_n and_o he_o be_v art_n and_o part_n thereof_o commit_v upon_o set_a purpose_n and_o provision_n and_o forethought_a felony_n in_o high_a and_o manifest_a contempt_n of_o our_o authority_n and_o law_n in_o evil_a example_n of_o other_o to_o commit_v the_o like_a if_o swa_o be_v our_o will_n be_v herefore_o etc._n etc._n and_o in_o our_o name_n and_o authority_n command_n and_o charge_n the_o say_a listoun_n committer_n of_o the_o say_v barbarous_a murder_n in_o manner_n foresay_a to_o come_v and_o find_v sufficient_a caution_n surety_n to_o our_o justice_n clerk_n and_o his_o depute_n act_v in_o our_o book_n of_o adjournal_n that_o he_o shall_v compear_v before_o the_o justice_n or_o his_o depute_n to_o underlye_v the_o law_n for_o the_o samen_n in_o our_o tolbuith_n in_o edinburgh_n on_o the_o day_n ãâ¦ã_z of_o ãâ¦ã_z in_o the_o hour_n of_o cause_n under_o the_o pain_n contain_v in_o our_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o that_o you_o charge_v he_o personal_o if_o that_o he_o can_v be_v apprehend_v and_o failze_v thereof_o at_o his_o dwell_a house_n and_o by_o open_a proclamation_n at_o the_o mercat_n cross_n of_o the_o head_n burgh_n of_o the_o shire_n stewatry_n or_o regality_n where_o he_o dwell_v to_o come_v and_o find_v the_o say_a soverty_n act_v in_o manner_n foresay_a with_o in_o six_o day_n next_o after_o he_o bee_n charge_v be_v you_o thereto_o under_o the_o pain_n of_o rebellion_n and_o put_v of_o he_o to_o the_o horn_n the_o whilk_fw-mi six_o day_n be_v by_o past_a and_o the_o surety_n not_o be_v find_v that_o you_o immediate_o thereafter_o denounce_v he_o rebel_n and_o put_v he_o to_o our_o horn_n and_o escheat_n and_o in_o bring_v all_o his_o movable_a good_n to_o our_o use_n for_o his_o contemption_n and_o cause_n registrat_n their_o our_o letter_n with_o the_o execution_n thereof_o in_o the_o book_n of_o adjournal_n within_o fifteen_o day_n thereafter_o conform_v to_o our_o act_n of_o parliament_n
albeit_o those_o course_n and_o repledgiation_n be_v equivalent_a to_o advocation_n iii_o advocation_n may_v be_v raise_v from_o inferior_a criminal_a judge_n by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o theft-boot_n before_o the_o sheriff_n of_o inverness_n and_o advocate_n by_o the_o lord_n because_o of_o the_o intricacy_n of_o the_o case_n albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v there_o that_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o judge_n competent_a in_o such_o advocation_n because_o they_o can_v not_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o crime_n pursue_v to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o though_o they_o can_v not_o be_v judge_n themselves_o yet_o they_o may_v remit_v the_o pursuit_n to_o these_o who_o be_v competent_a even_o as_o brieve_v raise_v for_o serve_v a_o person_n air_n may_v be_v advocate_n to_o the_o lord_n who_o may_v remit_v the_o case_n to_o another_o inquest_n but_o durhie_n observe_v the_o 9_o of_o january_n 1629._o that_o kincaid_n of_o waristoun_n crave_v that_o the_o process_n against_o he_o for_o slaughter_n may_v be_v advocate_n by_o the_o lord_n to_o the_o justice_n because_o of_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o baron_n bailie_n or_o else_o that_o they_o will_v grant_v assessor_n the_o lord_n continue_v the_o diet_n till_o application_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o the_o council_n but_o if_o the_o council_n will_v not_o interpose_v than_o they_o shall_v do_v justice_n therein_o by_o remit_v the_o same_o to_o the_o justice_n or_o otherwise_o but_o advocation_n in_o criminal_a case_n be_v ordinary_o raise_v by_o the_o privy_a council_n who_o have_v the_o most_o natural_a power_n in_o such_o case_n advocation_n be_v raise_v upon_o bill_n and_o the_o letter_n pass_v the_o signet_n of_o the_o session_n if_o the_o bill_n be_v past_a by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n or_o of_o the_o council_n if_o the_o bill_n be_v pass_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o council_n this_o advocation_n must_v be_v execute_v by_o a_o messenger_n and_o a_o full_a copy_n must_v be_v give_v of_o the_o letter_n as_o in_o other_o summons_n for_o in_o effect_n a_o advocation_n be_v a_o summons_n and_o the_o diet_n in_o advocation_n be_v peremptor_n as_o in_o all_o other_o criminal_a pursuit_n neither_o be_v the_o advocation_n give_v up_o to_o see_v as_o in_o other_o criminal_a pursuit_n at_o the_o day_n of_o compearance_n and_o therefore_o a_o full_a copy_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o end_n the_o defender_n may_v be_v ready_a to_o answer_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi of_o the_o action_n must_v be_v cite_v and_o the_o judge_n from_o who_o the_o action_n be_v to_o be_v advocate_n must_v be_v also_o cite_v to_o the_o effect_n he_o may_v defend_v his_o own_o jurisdiction_n and_o if_o both_o these_o be_v not_o cite_v the_o advocation_n will_v not_o be_v sustain_v when_o the_o day_n of_o compearance_n come_v if_o the_o advocation_n be_v raise_v before_o the_o session_n it_o be_v call_v before_o the_o session_n and_o if_o the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v find_v relevant_a the_o cause_n be_v remit_v to_o the_o justice_n but_o if_o that_o advocation_n be_v raise_v before_o the_o council_n it_o be_v call_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o they_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o relevancy_n of_o the_o reason_n and_o both_o pursuer_fw-mi and_o defender_n must_v prove_v all_o that_o they_o allege_v instant_o the_o advocation_n of_o a_o criminal_a pursuit_n do_v contain_v the_o reason_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v found_v as_o in_o civil_a advocation_n but_o though_o in_o civilibus_fw-la the_o raiser_n of_o the_o advocation_n will_v be_v allow_v to_o add_v a_o reason_n though_o it_o be_v not_o libel_v which_o be_v call_v a_o eiked_a reason_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o allow_v in_o criminalibus_fw-la because_o all_o must_v be_v prove_v instanter_fw-la and_o the_o defender_n be_v not_o able_a to_o prove_v his_o answer_n instant_o if_o he_o know_v not_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n which_o he_o must_v answer_v whereas_o in_o civilibus_fw-la he_o will_v get_v a_o term_n to_o prove_v his_o answer_n to_o the_o eiked_a reason_n iv._o the_o ordinary_a reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v 1._o consanguinity_n or_o affinity_n within_o degree_n defendant_n viz._n cousin_n german_a or_o near_o for_o whatever_o be_v a_o sufficient_a reason_n to_o cast_v a_o witness_n shall_v in_o my_o opinion_n much_o more_o be_v sufficient_a to_o decline_v a_o judge_n since_o there_o may_v be_v penury_n of_o witness_n so_o that_o the_o witness_v challenge_v may_v be_v necessary_a whereas_o if_o a_o judge_n be_v suspect_v he_o may_v be_v supply_v by_o another_o deput_n or_o a_o superior_a judge_n and_o a_o judge_n may_v by_o himself_o ruin_n a_o cause_n which_o one_o witness_n can_v do_v and_o though_o we_o have_v no_o express_a law_n for_o this_o yet_o the_o lord_n incline_v ordinary_o to_o sustain_v this_o and_o particular_o in_o the_o month_n of_o decem._n 1676._o ross_z contra_fw-la collodine_n where_o a_o decreet_a be_v turn_v in_o a_o libel_n because_o pronounce_v by_o a_o nephew_n albeit_o it_o be_v there_o allege_v that_o by_o the_o 212._o act_n 14._o parl._n i._n 6._o a_o brother_n father_n and_o son_n be_v only_o to_o be_v decline_v as_o judge_n for_o that_o statute_n relate_v only_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o because_o of_o their_o great_a eminency_n and_o trust_v be_v not_o to_o be_v as_o easy_o suspect_v as_o inferior_a judge_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o justice_n or_o any_o of_o they_o may_v be_v decline_v as_o within_o degree_n defendant_n for_o though_o they_o must_v now_o be_v senator_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n yet_o they_o sit_v not_o there_o as_o such_o nor_o be_v the_o justice-general_a or_o justice-clerk_n always_o of_o that_o number_n but_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o since_o the_o justice_n court_n be_v a_o supreme_a judicatory_a in_o its_o own_o kind_n and_o that_o this_o respect_n that_o be_v put_v upon_o they_o be_v because_o of_o their_o eminency_n and_o presume_v integrity_n that_o therefore_o they_o be_v the_o same_o person_n aught_o to_o have_v the_o same_o privilege_n and_o the_o justice-general_a and_o justice-clerk_n be_v superior_a in_o order_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o be_v justiciar_n aught_o at_o least_o to_o have_v as_o great_a trust_n but_o though_o the_o admiral_n be_v a_o supreme_a judge_n also_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o this_o statute_n shall_v be_v extend_v to_o he_o because_o man_n of_o mean_a part_n may_v officiat_fw-la there_o it_o may_v be_v also_o doubt_v whether_o this_o declinator_fw-la against_o father_n brother_n and_o son_n shall_v extend_v to_o the_o degree_n of_o affinity_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o consanguinity_n so_o that_o a_o father_n or_o brother_n in_o law_n may_v be_v decline_v and_o though_o the_o lord_n late_o will_v not_o decline_v one_o of_o their_o number_n though_o brother_n in_o law_n to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi yet_o it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o albeit_o act_v of_o parliament_n must_v be_v strict_o interpret_v yet_o where_o there_o be_v a_o parity_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o word_n may_v in_o propriety_n admit_v of_o the_o extension_n there_o the_o extension_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o here_o a_o brother_n in_o law_n be_v to_o be_v suspect_v and_o a_o brother_n in_o law_n be_v in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n a_o brother_n likeas_n since_o witness_n may_v be_v cast_v upon_o the_o suspicion_n of_o affinity_n why_o may_v not_o judge_n especial_o see_v in_o the_o statute_n 1621._o against_o disposition_n make_v by_o bankrupt_n and_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o lawyer_n degree_n of_o affinity_n and_o consanguinity_n be_v still_o equiparat_fw-la and_o so_o wise_a be_v we_o in_o this_o point_n that_o a_o pursuit_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v advocate_n upon_o this_o statute_n because_o the_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v brother_n to_o the_o judge_n though_o he_o be_v only_o pursue_v ratione_fw-la officii_fw-la and_o have_v no_o interest_n himself_o and_o express_o renounce_v all_o interest_n in_o the_o pursuit_n 28._o january_n 1629._o whether_o this_o statute_n be_v to_o be_v extend_v to_o unlawful_a relation_n so_o that_o a_o bastard_n brother_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v decline_v vide_fw-la my_o observation_n upon_o the_o statute_n 1621._o another_o reason_n of_o advocation_n like_a to_o this_o be_v that_o one_o of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o court_n be_v pursuer_fw-mi as_o for_o instance_n the_o pursuit_n be_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o one_o of_o two_o sheriff_n depute_v before_o his_o own_o colleague_n habet_fw-la quip_n societas_fw-la jus_o quoddam_fw-la fraternitatis_fw-la in_o se_fw-la l._n verum_fw-la ff_n praesocio_fw-la vid._n c._n insinuante_fw-la de_fw-fr offic_n deleg_a &_o cap._n postr_n de_fw-fr appel_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v judge_v where_o the_o colleague_n pursue_v but_o that_o the_o pursuit_n shall_v be_v carry_v away_o to_o another_o judicature_n be_v appoint_v by_o a_o