express_o treason_n by_o the_o 6._o parl._n k._n ja._n 2._o cap._n 14._o whereby_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o none_o rebel_v against_o the_o king_n person_n or_o authority_n and_o the_o house_n be_v here_o garrison_v to_o defend_v against_o the_o sheriff_n who_o be_v come_v to_o eject_v in_o his_o majesty_n name_n to_o resist_v he_o be_v to_o resist_v his_o majesty_n authority_n and_o be_v garrison_v in_o furtherance_n of_o rebel_n and_o rebellion_n it_o be_v treason_n by_o the_o 25._o act_n 6._o parl._n k._n ja._n 2._o likeas_n the_o convocation_n be_v of_o about_o 400._o man_n or_o thereby_o under_o the_o command_n of_o captain_n ensign_n and_o other_o officer_n it_o be_v likewise_o treason_n by_o the_o 75._o act_n 9_o parl._n q._n m._n and_o the_o 5._o act._n 1._o parl._n ch._n 2._o the_o justice_n do_v find_v the_o garrison_n of_o the_o house_n not_o relevant_a to_o infer_v treason_n but_o only_o to_o infer_v the_o punishment_n of_o deforcement_n whereupon_o the_o pursuer_n be_v force_v to_o allege_v of_o new_a that_o they_o insist_v against_o he_o for_o have_v garrison_v his_o house_n after_o the_o publication_n of_o the_o letter_n of_o fire_n and_o sword_n raise_v at_o the_o pursuer_n instance_n against_o assint_fw-la upon_o which_o debate_n they_o find_v that_o the_o garrison_n and_o provide_v of_o the_o house_n after_o the_o publication_n of_o the_o letter_n of_o fire_n and_o sword_n be_v relevant_a to_o infer_v the_o punishment_n of_o treason_n likeas_n they_o refuse_v to_o sustain_v that_o article_n wherein_o be_v libel_v the_o raise_n of_o man_n and_o the_o dispose_n they_o in_o company_n under_o colour_n to_o be_v relevant_a except_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o they_o be_v a_o hundred_o man_n or_o upward_o and_o be_v under_o colour_n or_o muster_v or_o under_o weekly_a or_o daily_o pay_v and_o that_o all_o this_o be_v do_v after_o the_o publication_n of_o the_o letter_n of_o fire_n and_o sword_n both_o which_o interlocutor_n seem_v surprise_v for_o as_o to_o the_o first_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o garrison_n of_o any_o house_n against_o a_o sheriff_n or_o any_o judge_n be_v to_o garrison_n it_o against_o the_o king_n '_o authority_n for_o a_o sheriff_n do_v represent_v the_o king_n in_o his_o authority_n as_o much_o as_o any_o soldier_n do_v and_o it_o be_v undeniable_a that_o to_o garrison_n house_n against_o the_o king_n soldier_n be_v treason_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o if_o this_o be_v allow_v no_o sentence_n can_v receive_v execution_n in_o scotland_n since_o every_o man_n may_v garrison_n his_o house_n and_o every_o man_n may_v deny_v that_o he_o garrison_v his_o house_n against_o the_o king_n and_o to_o put_v in_o a_o garrison_n and_o authorise_v they_o to_o defend_v the_o house_n be_v so_o clear_o a_o warlike_a action_n that_o there_o be_v no_o place_n leave_v to_o debate_v upon_o intention_n and_o though_o the_o defend_n house_n be_v ordinary_o pursue_v as_o deforcement_n yet_o the_o formal_a garrison_n of_o it_o import_v much_o more_o and_o the_o commission_n of_o fire_n and_o sword_n do_v not_o add_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o crime_n commit_v in_o garrison_v the_o house_n for_o the_o design_n of_o such_o letter_n be_v only_o to_o warrant_n and_o command_v the_o liedge_n to_o prosecute_v they_o as_o rebel_n so_o that_o before_o the_o raise_n of_o the_o letter_n they_o be_v account_v open_a and_o notorious_a rebel_n for_o letter_n of_o fire_n and_o sword_n be_v only_o grant_v against_o such_o and_o therefore_o assint_fw-la in_o garrison_v his_o house_n to_o defend_v such_o do_v express_o commit_v treason_n against_o the_o 25._o act_n 6._o par._n ja._n 2._o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o interlocutor_fw-la seem_v likewise_o very_o hard_o for_o raise_v man_n in_o fear_n of_o war_n and_o list_v they_o under_o colour_n or_o swear_v they_o to_o colour_n be_v certain_o exercitum_fw-la comparare_fw-la though_o there_o be_v no_o commission_n of_o fire_n or_o sword_n for_o the_o design_n of_o these_o letter_n be_v not_o to_o make_v a_o traitor_n but_o to_o prosecute_v actual_a rebel_n and_o though_o this_o army_n be_v not_o levy_v to_o oppose_v immediate_o the_o king_n government_n yet_o even_o to_o raise_v a_o army_n within_o the_o kingdom_n though_o no_o design_n can_v be_v prove_v be_v treason_n for_o that_o be_v to_o usurp_v the_o king_n power_n but_o much_o more_o be_v this_o criminal_a when_o the_o levy_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o wicked_a design_n of_o oppose_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o king_n law_n to_o see_v which_o execute_v be_v the_o chief_a part_n of_o his_o kingly_a government_n and_o it_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o foresay_a 17_o act_n 6._o parl._n ja._n 2._o that_o it_o be_v treason_n to_o make_v war_n against_o the_o king_n liedge_n against_o his_o forbid_v and_o if_o any_o do_v the_o king_n be_v to_o gang_n upon_o they_o with_o assistance_n of_o the_o hall_n land_n and_o to_o punish_v they_o after_o the_o quality_n of_o their_o trespass_n viii_o the_o five_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o assail_v castle_n or_o place_n where_o the_o king_n reside_v or_o be_v for_o the_o time_n ibid._n but_o this_o must_v be_v only_o understand_v to_o be_v treason_n if_o the_o assaulter_n know_v the_o king_n to_o be_v there_o or_o if_o he_o be_v not_o upon_o design_n to_o rescue_v he_o quo_fw-la casu_fw-la he_o must_v be_v warrant_v by_o the_o estate_n as_o say_v be_v ix_o the_o six_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o raise_v a_o fray_n in_o the_o king_n host_n or_o army_n wilful_o ja._n 2._o parl._n 12._o act_n 54._o upon_o which_o act_n the_o mr._n of_o forbes_n be_v hang_v for_o raise_v sedition_n in_o the_o king_n host_n at_o jedburgh_n 14._o july_n 1537._o x._o the_o seven_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o trouble_v any_o who_o kill_v a_o declare_a traitor_n which_o act_n extend_v only_o to_o the_o kin_n friend_n fortifier_n and_o maintainer_n of_o these_o who_o be_v kill_v as_o traitor_n because_o it_o be_v presumeable_a that_o when_o these_o who_o be_v so_o relate_v trouble_v the_o killer_n it_o be_v presumeable_a the_o trouble_n arise_v upon_o that_o account_n 2._o these_o relation_n be_v discharge_v to_o bear_v the_o killer_n any_o grudge_n or_o injure_v they_o by_o word_n or_o writ_n nota_fw-la it_o appear_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o grudge_n need_v not_o be_v prove_v but_o be_v presume_v presumption_n juris_fw-la &_o de_fw-la jure_fw-la for_o here_o lex_fw-la praesumit_fw-la &_o disponit_fw-la super_fw-la praesumpto_fw-la xi_o the_o eight_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o impugn_v the_o dignity_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n or_o to_o seek_v and_o procure_v the_o innovation_n and_o diminution_n of_o their_o power_n or_o authority_n act_n 130_o parl._n 8._o ja._n 6._o but_o this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o direct_a impugn_v of_o their_o authority_n as_o if_o one_o contend_v that_o parliament_n be_v not_o necessary_a or_o that_o one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n may_v be_v turn_v out_o xii_o the_o nine_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o decline_v the_o king_n authority_n or_o the_o authority_n of_o his_o council_n in_o any_o case_n whether_o spiritual_a or_o temporal_a and_o the_o king_n council_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o all_o cause_n whatsoever_o whether_o spiritual_a or_o temporal_a of_o what_o ever_o degree_n or_o function_n the_o defender_n who_o be_v summon_v shall_v be_v act_n 129._o parl._n 8._o k._n ja._n 6._o which_o act_n be_v make_v to_o repress_v the_o insolence_n of_o the_o ministry_n who_o about_o that_o time_n use_v constant_o to_o decline_v the_o king_n authority_n in_o ecclesiastic_a matter_n conform_v to_o which_o act_n mr._n andrew_n crightoun_n be_v sentence_v to_o be_v hang_v and_o demain_v as_o traitor_n septemb_n 1610._o and_o mr._n james_n guthrie_n be_v execute_v in_o anno_fw-la 1662._o for_o decline_v the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n jurisdiction_n at_o strivil_v when_o he_o be_v challenge_v for_o some_o word_n speak_v in_o the_o pulpit_n from_o this_o act_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o king_n be_v in_o his_o own_o person_n judge_v competent_a over_o all_o cause_n and_o all_o person_n even_o though_o the_o pursuit_n be_v at_o his_o own_o instance_n which_o will_v appear_v both_o from_o the_o rubric_n and_o statutory_a part_n of_o the_o act_n albeit_o regulariter_fw-la no_o man_n can_v be_v judge_n in_o his_o own_o cause_n xiii_o the_o ten_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o conceal_v and_o not_o reveal_v treason_n but_o conceal_v in_o this_o case_n be_v not_o treason_n except_o the_o concealer_n can_v have_v prove_v it_o for_o else_o he_o have_v by_o reveal_v and_o not_o prove_v make_v himself_o guilty_a of_o treason_n this_o conceal_n of_o treason_n be_v by_o the_o english_a law_n call_v misprision_n of_o treason_n and_o be_v punish_v only_o
sum_n and_o so_o be_v no_o more_o debtor_n and_o can_v expect_v no_o advantage_n and_o so_o the_o fear_n of_o perjury_n cease_v and_o as_o to_o the_o foresay_a seven_o act_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v only_o make_v not_o to_o exclude_v the_o debtor_n absolute_o but_o to_o correct_v the_o 257._o act_n 15._o p._n k._n i._n 6._o whereby_o the_o oath_n of_o party_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v receivable_a as_o decisive_a of_o the_o cause_n as_o to_o other_o witness_n our_o ordinary_a distinction_n be_v that_o paction_n in_o usury_n be_v either_o extrinsic_a to_o the_o bond_n or_o write_v as_o be_v the_o take_a bud_n or_o bribe_v for_o continue_v a_o sum_n and_o these_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o any_o witness_n albeit_o by_o the_o foresay_a 7._o act._n it_o be_v say_v that_o usury_n shall_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o party_n and_o witness_n insert_v but_o paction_n which_o concern_v the_o writ_n itself_o as_o that_o whereby_o more_o be_v promise_v then_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o bond_n these_o can_v be_v prove_v but_o by_o the_o witness_n insert_v for_o else_o write_v may_v be_v take_v away_o by_o witness_n as_o to_o oath_n of_o party_n it_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v take_v by_o the_o former_a act_n against_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o law_n by_o which_o nemo_fw-la tenetur_fw-la jurare_fw-la in_o svam_fw-la turpitudinem_fw-la and_o the_o justice_n according_o do_v force_v the_o panel_n to_o swear_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o wilson_n above_o cite_v but_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o this_o act_n shall_v not_o extend_v only_o to_o civil_a and_o not_o criminal_a case_n for_o that_o act_n say_v that_o litiscontestation_n be_v make_v it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o receive_v but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o there_o be_v no_o litiscontestation_n in_o criminal_n go_v this_o act_n can_v be_v extend_v to_o these_o case_n vii_o usury_n be_v allow_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o the_o proper_a product_n or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d pecuniae_fw-la but_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n it_o be_v punish_v and_o most_o lawyer_n think_v it_o may_v be_v punish_v criminal_o decius_n consil._n 130._o and_o it_o be_v call_v crimen_fw-la utriusque_fw-la fori_fw-la because_o it_o be_v punishable_a civil_o and_o ecclesiastical_o the_o pain_n of_o usury_n with_o we_o be_v that_o the_o debtor_n shall_v be_v free_a from_o his_o obligation_n or_o have_v back_o his_o pledge_n or_o if_o the_o debtor_n conceal_v than_o the_o revealer_n shall_v have_v right_a to_o the_o sum_n act_n 222._o k._n i._n 6._o par._n 14._o and_o by_o the_o 248_o act_n p._n 15._o k._n i._n 6._o it_o be_v appoint_v that_o the_o usurary_n bond_n or_o contract_n shall_v be_v reduce_v and_o be_v reduce_v the_o sum_n shall_v belong_v to_o his_o majesty_n or_o his_o donator_n and_o the_o party_n to_o have_v repetition_n of_o the_o unlawful_a annualrent_n pay_v by_o he_o in_o case_n only_o he_o concur_v with_o the_o donator_n in_o the_o reduction_n title_n xxv_o the_o dribe_v partiality_n and_o negligence_n of_o judge_n 1._o what_o be_v bribe_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n 2._o what_o by_o our_o law_n and_o how_o our_o law_n punish_v it_o 3._o crimen_fw-la repecundarum_fw-la &_o barratriae_fw-la 4._o whether_o arbiter_n deligat_n or_o assessor_n be_v punishable_a for_o take_v bribe_n 5._o how_o negligent_a judge_n be_v punishable_a it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o make_v good_a law_n if_o the_o execution_n of_o they_o be_v not_o commit_v to_o just_a and_o diligent_a person_n as_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o have_v a_o exact_a balance_n if_o that_o balance_n be_v not_o put_v in_o a_o good_a hand_n and_o therefore_o as_o the_o law_n have_v be_v very_o liberal_a of_o its_o privilege_n to_o just_a judge_n and_o severe_a in_o punish_v such_o as_o offend_v they_o so_o it_o have_v punish_v with_o the_o same_o rigour_n such_o judge_n as_o transgress_v either_o by_o bribe_v negligence_n or_o partiality_n which_o be_v three_o distinct_a species_n forbid_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o we_o i._o bribe_v be_v the_o take_n of_o money_n or_o other_o good_a deed_n either_o for_o do_v of_o justice_n or_o commit_v of_o unjustice_n there_o be_v indeed_o some_o lawyer_n who_o think_v that_o a_o judge_n take_v money_n in_o a_o civil_a cause_n to_o do_v justice_n do_v not_o thereby_o commit_v a_o crime_n but_o be_v only_o liable_a to_o restitution_n menoch_n 2._o arb._n 342._o n._n 6._o but_o this_o be_v express_o contrary_a to_o sound_v reason_n since_o if_o take_v upon_o any_o term_n be_v allow_v the_o law_n may_v be_v elude_v and_o judge_n will_v be_v thereby_o tempt_v not_o only_o to_o take_v bribe_n but_o to_o take_v pain_n to_o justify_v what_o they_o have_v do_v but_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o this_o opinion_n be_v neither_o prove_v per_fw-la l._n 4._o ff_n de_fw-fr l._n jul_a repetund_a for_o there_o it_o be_v not_o only_o say_v non_fw-la excipiet_fw-la quo_fw-la magis_fw-la aut_fw-la minus_fw-la quid_fw-la ex_fw-la officio_fw-la svo_fw-la fecerit_fw-la which_o prohibit_v only_o a_o excess_n in_o justice_n and_o not_o the_o do_v justice_n for_o money_n nor_o perl_n 3._o c._n eod_a since_o that_o law_n do_v only_o in_o the_o general_n forbid_v the_o take_n of_o money_n but_o this_o be_v express_o forbid_v l._n 2._o §_o 2_o ff_n de_fw-mi condict_v obturp_v cause_n where_o it_o be_v declare_v a_o crime_n but_o the_o punishment_n there_o seem_v only_o to_o be_v litem_fw-la svam_fw-la facere_fw-la and_o skeen_n ad_fw-la stat._n 25._o wil._n say_v that_o non_fw-la licet_fw-la judici_fw-la vendere_fw-la judicium_fw-la justum_fw-la ii_o by_o our_o law_n the_o king_n judge_n be_v to_o those_o a_o assize_n upon_o what_o they_o have_v do_v as_o judge_n and_o if_o they_o be_v convict_v they_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n according_a to_o the_o measure_n of_o their_o fault_n cap._n 13._o stat._n rob._n 2._o and_o the_o judge_n of_o inferior_a court_n such_o as_o regality_n be_v to_o those_o a_o assize_n before_o the_o justice_n and_o if_o they_o be_v find_v either_o culpable_a or_o remiss_a they_o be_v to_o escheat_n their_o moveable_n and_o their_o life_n to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n will_v or_o in_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o regality_n cap._n 14._o ibid._n and_o by_o the_o 26._o act_n ja._n 3._o parl._n 5._o a_o sheriff_n or_o any_o other_o officer_n of_o fee_n that_o be_v to_o say_v any_o heritable_a officer_n be_v to_o be_v put_v from_o his_o office_n for_o three_o year_n if_o he_o be_v find_v partial_a and_o a_o ordinary_a judge_n if_o he_o be_v find_v partial_a lose_v his_o office_n forever_o and_o though_o his_o person_n be_v be_v punish_v at_o the_o king_n will_n and_o the_o pay_v of_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v be_v only_o add_v to_o the_o punishment_n express_v against_o a_o judge_n who_o be_v not_o heritable_a yet_o i_o conceive_v that_o be_v add_v in_o the_o last_o place_n it_o be_v applicable_a both_o to_o the_o heritable_a judge_n and_o other_o likeas_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o though_o by_o all_o these_o act_n the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n be_v only_o express_v to_o be_v the_o judge_n competent_a yet_o the_o practica_fw-la the_o justice_n be_v judge_n competent_a if_o partiality_n be_v commit_v in_o any_o criminal_a cause_n as_o for_o instance_n if_o a_o sheriff_n shall_v execute_v any_o panel_n upon_o a_o crime_n prove_v only_o against_o he_o by_o the_o pursuer_n brother_n or_o other_o inhabile_fw-la witness_n or_o upon_o a_o libel_n which_o be_v palpable_o irrelevant_a in_o these_o and_o in_o such_o other_o criminal_a case_n the_o justice_n and_o not_o the_o council_n will_v be_v only_a judge_n competent_a nor_o be_v partiality_n in_o civil_a case_n a_o crime_n by_o our_o law_n though_o it_o be_v punishable_a by_o this_o act_n paena_fw-la arbitraria_fw-la and_o by_o resound_v of_o the_o damage_n sustain_v by_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi the_o foresay_a law_n strike_v only_o against_o partiality_n in_o general_a but_o bribe_v be_v express_o discharge_v by_o the_o 25._o chap._n stat._n k._n william_n but_o there_o be_v no_o punishment_n there_o express_v and_o therefore_o skeen_n add_v in_o his_o observation_n the_o punishment_n of_o l._n 1._o cum_fw-la aut_fw-la hent_n c._n de_fw-fr paen_fw-la judic_fw-la and_o thereafter_o by_o the_o 22._o chap._n 1._o stat._n rob._n 1._o all_o judge_n be_v forbid_v to_o take_v land_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o to_o champart_n either_o for_o give_v defer_v or_o prolong_v of_o justice_n and_o the_o offender_n be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n will_v and_o to_o lose_v their_o office_n for_o all_o their_o life_n champart_n be_v a_o french_a word_n signify_v part_n du_fw-fr champ_n a_o part_n of_o any_o land_n so_o that_o by_o a_o metaphor_n the_o take_v any_o part_n of_o the_o
the_o pain_n of_o treason_n from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v observable_a 1._o that_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n be_v not_o able_a to_o defend_v the_o rise_n in_o arm_n or_o make_v league_n see_v that_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v his_o majesty_n prerogative_n 2._o that_o the_o rise_n in_o defensive_a arm_n be_v treason_n by_o these_o word_n upon_o what_o pretext_n soever_o 3._o that_o nudus_fw-la conatus_fw-la be_v in_o this_o case_n treason_n by_o these_o word_n to_o attempt_v by_o the_o english_a law_n the_o conspire_v to_o raise_v a_o war_n be_v not_o treason_n except_o it_o be_v de_fw-fr facto_fw-la raise_v and_o with_o they_o if_o three_o or_o four_o rise_v to_o throw_v down_o private_a house_n or_o for_o any_o private_a cause_n it_o be_v but_o a_o riot_n but_o if_o these_o three_o or_o four_o rise_v to_o reform_v law_n or_o religion_n or_o upon_o any_o public_a account_n than_o it_o be_v account_v the_o levy_v war_n against_o the_o king_n cook_n hoc_fw-la tit_n pag._n 9_o who_o likewise_o tell_v we_o that_o if_o three_o conspire_v to_o levy_v a_o war_n it_o be_v treason_n if_o in_o the_o mere_a conspirer_n if_o the_o rest_n thereafter_o levy_v actual_o a_o war_n though_o he_o be_v not_o present_a and_o in_o that_o sense_n only_o i_o will_v interpret_v the_o severe_a l._n 19_o basil._n h._n t._n propter_fw-la cogitationem_fw-la dignus_fw-la est_fw-la poena_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o english_a law_n require_v still_o owert_a fait_fw-fr a_o open_a deed_n this_o rise_n in_o arm_n be_v likewise_o call_v seditio_fw-la regni_fw-la vel_fw-la exercitus_fw-la reg._n majest_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 1._o &_o cap._n 11._o ibid._n ad_fw-la tit_n sedit_fw-la the_o second_o species_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o commit_v treason_n against_o the_o king_n person_n and_o i_o find_v that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o kind_n of_o treason_n express_v in_o the_o former_a act_n 25._o parl._n 6._o ja._n 2._o whereby_o it_o be_v declare_v treason_n to_o lay_v hand_n upon_o his_o person_n violent_o what_o ever_o age_n he_o be_v of_o which_o word_n be_v add_v to_o clear_v that_o it_o be_v treason_n to_o rebel_v even_o against_o his_o authority_n before_o he_o be_v proclaim_v or_o crown_v for_o the_o be_v crown_v or_o proclaim_v be_v tantum_fw-la declaratoria_fw-la juris_fw-la sed_fw-la nihil_fw-la novi_fw-la juris_fw-la tribuit_fw-la it_o be_v the_o jus_o sanguinis_fw-la and_o succession_n of_o blood_n which_o make_v he_o king_n this_o species_n of_o treason_n be_v likewise_o declare_v act_n 3._o and_o 4._o parl._n 1_o ja._n 1._o and_o in_o their_o case_n affectus_fw-la sine_fw-la effectu_fw-la punitur_fw-la and_o thus_o the_o master_n of_o forbes_n be_v hurl_v through_o the_o calsey_n hang_v and_o quarter_v for_o imagine_v this_o be_v a_o english_a term_n which_o signify_v a_o design_n to_o shoot_v k._n james_n the_o 5_o 17._o july_n 1537._o and_o the_o countess_n of_o glames_z be_v burn_v for_o imagine_v to_o poison_v the_o say_a king_n james_n the_o five_o 17._o july_n 1537._o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n it_o be_v not_o treason_n to_o kill_v a_o king_n out_o of_o possession_n cook_n pag._n 9_o but_o this_o seem_v unjust_a if_o the_o king_n title_n be_v clear_a as_o our_o king_n be_v in_o exile_n though_o in_o dubious_a case_n such_o as_o betwixt_o the_o bruce_n and_o balliol_n possession_n may_v difference_n the_o case_n to_o kill_v the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n be_v with_o they_o treason_n 25._o stat._n edw._n 3._o the_o three_o species_n of_o treason_n be_v the_o reset_a any_o who_o have_v commit_v treason_n or_o that_o supply_v they_o in_o red_a help_n or_o counsel_n cujus_fw-la opera_fw-la dolo_fw-la malo_fw-la host_n populi_fw-la romani_fw-la pecunia_fw-la aliave_fw-la re_fw-la adjuti_fw-la erant_fw-la this_o be_v likewise_o discharge_v act._n 97._o parl._n 7._o ja._n 5._o where_o all_o the_o liedge_n be_v forbid_v to_o reset_v supply_n or_o maintain_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n rebel_n under_o pain_n of_o death_n and_o if_o any_o disobey_v to_o enforce_v id_fw-la est_fw-la to_o second_v the_o king_n against_o notour_n rebel_n against_o his_o person_n when_o they_o be_v require_v and_o command_v they_o shall_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o king_n as_o favourer_n of_o such_o rebel_n except_o they_o have_v for_o they_o a_o reasonable_a excusation_n act_n 4._o parl._n 1_o ja._n 1._o from_o which_o act_n it_o may_v be_v debate_v the_o refuse_v to_o assist_v against_o rebel_n that_o be_v not_o notour_n or_o against_o rebel_n that_o have_v not_o commit_v any_o other_o treason_n than_o perduellion_n can_v infer_v with_o we_o the_o guilt_n of_o treason_n the_o doctor_n here_o debate_v whether_o a_o wife_n reset_a her_o own_o husband_n or_o a_o father_n his_o son_n commit_v treason_n and_o albeit_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o the_o relation_n of_o sovereign_n and_o subject_a be_v the_o chief_a of_o all_o other_o and_o so_o all_o other_o relation_n shall_v cede_fw-la to_o it_o and_o rebellion_n against_o the_o state_n lose_v all_o relation_n l._n post_fw-la liminium_fw-la ff_n de_fw-mi capt_n &_o postlimin_n yet_o the_o ordinary_a distinction_n be_v that_o if_o any_o of_o these_o relation_n assist_v a_o rebel_n with_o thing_n that_o be_v necessary_a for_o he_o as_o a_o man_n as_o meat_n drink_z etc._n etc._n in_o that_o case_n they_o be_v not_o guilty_a of_o treason_n but_o if_o they_o assist_v these_o relation_n with_o any_o thing_n that_o may_v be_v serviceable_a to_o they_o in_o their_o treason_n than_o they_o be_v guilty_a farin_n quest_n 113._o num_fw-la 280._o and_o matheus_n hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi cap._n 2._o num_fw-la 20._o for_o albeit_o rebel_n lose_v all_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o municipal_a law_n yet_o they_o retain_v those_o privilege_n that_o flow_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o nature_n bartol_n ad_fw-la l._n amissum_fw-la ff_n de_fw-mi capt_n &_o postlim_fw-la and_o thus_o caesar_n pardon_v pompey_n son_n and_o tiberius_n piso_n son_n albeit_o they_o follow_v their_o father_n after_o they_o be_v declare_v traitor_n but_o i_o find_v in_o our_o law_n many_o decision_n of_o this_o question_n as_o in_o july_n 1537._o where_o janet_n dowglas_n lady_n glames_z be_v convict_v and_o burn_v for_o fortify_v and_o assist_v the_o earl_n of_o angus_n and_o george_n dowglas_n her_o brethren_n traitor_n and_o rebel_n and_o 18._o july_n 1537._o the_o mr._n of_o glames_z be_v hang_v and_o draw_v for_o conceal_v and_o not_o reveal_v the_o treasonable_a design_n of_o his_o mother_n to_o poison_v the_o king_n but_o the_o countess_n of_o errol_n be_v pursue_v for_o assist_v the_o earl_n of_o bothwel_n at_o least_o for_o not_o reveal_v a_o letter_n she_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o earl_n of_o bothwels_n lady_n desire_v assistance_n it_o be_v allege_v for_o the_o lady_n that_o the_o countess_n of_o bothwel_n be_v no_o rebel_n though_o her_o husband_n be_v and_o that_o she_o have_v not_o consent_v this_o be_v delay_v anno_fw-la 1596._o vii_o the_o four_o species_n or_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o stuff_v the_o house_n of_o they_o who_o be_v convict_v of_o treason_n and_o hold_v they_o against_o the_o king_n or_o that_o stuff_v any_o of_o their_o own_o house_n in_o further_a of_o the_o king_n rebel_n which_o be_v express_v also_o by_o the_o former_a act_n yet_o i_o think_v this_o rather_o exegetick_a of_o the_o former_a point_n than_o a_o separate_a point_n of_o treason_n for_o both_o these_o may_v be_v comprehend_v under_o help_n red_a or_o counsel_n robert_n stewart_n be_v hang_v for_o keep_v out_o his_o house_n against_o the_o king_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o orknay_n his_o father_n be_v hang_v for_o hound_v out_o his_o son_n the_o one_o the_o 5._o of_o january_n and_o the_o other_o the_o 1._o of_o february_n 1615._o and_o cunninghame_n of_o tourland_n be_v forefault_n and_o execute_v for_o assist_v his_o brother_n in_o keep_v out_o the_o house_n of_o cunninghame-head_n 15._o february_n 1601._o but_o yet_o when_o house_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v render_v be_v keep_v only_o for_o private_a cause_n under_o pain_n of_o treason_n though_o the_o party_n disobey_v yet_o if_o he_o thereafter_o yield_v that_o manner_n of_o keep_v out_o house_n will_v not_o be_v punish_v as_o treason_n but_o arbitrary_o as_o in_o burgy_n case_n 1668._o the_o 2._o of_o february_n 2674._o mackloud_o of_o assint_fw-la be_v pannele_v for_o have_v garrison_v his_o house_n of_o arbreak_n and_o convocate_a his_o majesty_n liedge_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 400._o man_n under_o pay_n and_o colour_n against_o which_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o assint_fw-la here_o only_o fortify_v his_o house_n and_o convocat_n his_o man_n to_o oppose_v the_o earl_n of_o seaforth_n but_o not_o the_o king_n nor_o do_v he_o pretend_v any_o quarrel_n against_o the_o government_n but_o against_o private_a oppression_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o this_o be_v
of_o achingter_n daughter_n 5._o july_n 1596._o yet_o i_o find_v that_o john_n kincaid_n have_v come_v in_o the_o king_n will_v feb._n 1601._o for_o ravish_a isobel_n hutchison_n a_o widow_n the_o king_n only_o fine_v he_o in_o 2500_o mark_n harry_n speed_n be_v hang_v 20._o feb._n 1639._o quia_fw-la laceravit_fw-la pudenda_fw-la pveri_fw-la which_o crime_n jul._n clar._n gothofred_n and_o other_o affirm_v to_o be_v also_o capital_a in_o their_o country_n i_o find_v one_o leiutenent_n ker_n pursue_v for_o ravish_v and_o away-taking_a robert_n cuninghame_n 6._o feb._n 1640._o but_o this_o be_v rather_o a_o species_n of_o plagium_n then_o of_o rapt_v vii_o since_o minor_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n for_o adultery_n much_o more_o ought_v they_o to_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n for_o a_o rapt_v since_o the_o injury_n be_v there_o both_o more_o attorcious_a and_o more_o unnatural_a and_o carp_n part_n 2._o quest._n 75._o give_v we_o several_a instance_n where_o this_o crime_n be_v capital_o punish_v in_o minor_n where_o he_o likewise_o tell_v we_o that_o to_o force_v even_o a_o common_a whore_n be_v capital_o punishable_a though_o it_o may_v seem_v that_o they_o be_v infralegum_fw-la obseruantiam_fw-la and_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n who_o offend_v against_o it_o title_n xvii_o adultery_n 1._o the_o definition_n of_o adultery_n and_o whether_o the_o lie_a with_o a_o unmarried_a woman_n or_o with_o a_o whore_n be_v adultery_n 2._o the_o punishment_n of_o adultery_n by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o our_o law_n 3._o the_o difference_n betwixt_o single_a and_o nottour_n adultery_n 4._o whether_o death_n can_v be_v inflict_v for_o single_a adultery_n in_o scotland_n 5._o whether_o the_o marriage_n ought_v to_o be_v prove_v 6._o who_o can_v be_v punish_v as_o accessory_n in_o adultery_n 7._o what_o probation_n be_v requisite_a in_o adultery_n 8._o whether_o a_o dicreet_a of_o devorce_n before_o the_o commissary_n be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v adultery_n in_o a_o criminal_a case_n 9_o whether_o he_o who_o hear_v his_o wife_n be_v dead_a marry_v another_o be_v punishable_a as_o a_o adulterer_n 10._o whether_o a_o pursuit_n be_v intend_v for_o nottour_n adultery_n and_o single_a adultery_n only_o prove_v if_o the_o single_a adultery_n can_v be_v punish_v in_o that_o case_n 11._o how_o adulterous_a child_n succeed_v adultery_n be_v a_o sin_n whereby_o man_n not_o only_o violat_a the_o second_o table_n in_o wrong_v their_o neighbour_n by_o steal_v from_o he_o his_o quiet_a his_o good_a name_n the_o affection_n and_o person_n of_o his_o wife_n endeavour_v also_o ofttimes_o to_o steal_v his_o estate_n for_o the_o adulterous_a child_n but_o be_v likewise_o a_o breach_n of_o the_o first_o in_o break_v of_o that_o vow_n which_o be_v make_v to_o god_n in_o marriage_n and_o contemn_v that_o holy_a and_o mighty_a majesty_n who_o be_v then_o call_v upon_o as_o judge_n and_o witness_v i._o adulterium_fw-la est_fw-la vitiatio_fw-la alterius_fw-la thori_fw-la the_o violation_n of_o another_o bed_n and_o be_v commit_v by_o a_o marry_a person_n lie_v with_o a_o unmarried_a or_o a_o unmarried_a person_n lie_v with_o one_o who_o be_v marry_v for_o albeit_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n when_o a_o man_n who_o be_v marry_v do_v lie_v with_o a_o woman_n who_o be_v free_a that_o be_v judge_v to_o be_v no_o adultery_n and_o albeit_o the_o lie_a with_o a_o whore_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v judge_v no_o adultery_n l._n 22._o cod._n hoc_fw-la tit_n si_fw-mi ea_fw-la quae_fw-la stupro_fw-la tibi_fw-la cognita_fw-la est_fw-la &_o passim_fw-la venalem_fw-la formam_fw-la exhibuit_fw-la ac_fw-la prostitutam_fw-la meritricio_fw-la more_fw-it vulgo_fw-la se_fw-la praebuit_fw-la adulterii_fw-la crimen_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la cessat_fw-la upon_o which_o law_n the_o doctor_n conclude_v that_o though_o he_o who_o first_o debaush_v a_o woman_n with_o adultery_n be_v punishable_a as_o a_o adulterer_n yet_o these_o who_o do_v thereafter_o debauch_v she_o can_v farr_n quest._n 141._o num_fw-la 85._o yet_o this_o be_v against_o both_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o our_o law_n for_o the_o lie_v with_o another_o man_n wife_n be_v still_o adultery_n but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o though_o she_o be_v a_o whore_n yet_o she_o be_v another_o man_n wife_n nor_o be_v the_o marriage_n dissolve_v by_o the_o adultery_n and_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o if_o the_o woman_n with_o who_o the_o adultery_n be_v commit_v be_v at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o same_o be_v commit_v live_v as_o a_o common_a whore_n and_o the_o committer_n be_v a_o single_a man_n who_o know_v not_o of_o she_o be_v marry_v his_o punishment_n shall_v be_v somewhat_o moderate_a upon_o that_o account_n but_o if_o the_o committer_n be_v marry_v the_o crime_n be_v the_o same_o whether_o the_o woman_n be_v a_o whore_n or_o not_o since_o it_o be_v still_o a_o violation_n upon_o the_o man_n part_n to_o lie_v likewise_o with_o a_o man_n betroth_a or_o promise_a spouse_n or_o as_o we_o say_v his_o affidat_n spouse_n be_v adultery_n na_o nec_fw-la violare_fw-la licet_fw-la matrimonium_fw-la nec_fw-la spem_fw-la matrimonii_fw-la l._n 13._o §_o diu_fw-la 6._o ff_n h._n t._n which_o agree_v as_o i_o conceive_v with_o deu._n 22.23_o where_o he_o who_o lie_v with_o a_o betroth_a virgin_n shall_v be_v stone_v as_o a_o adulterer_n because_o say_v verse_n 24._o he_o lie_v with_o his_o neighbour_n wife_n and_o he_o who_o lie_v with_o a_o betroth_a virgin_n who_o be_v to_o be_v short_o marry_v render_v the_o succession_n as_o doubtful_a as_o he_o who_o lie_v with_o a_o marry_a wife_n the_o punishment_n of_o adultery_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v death_n as_o some_o think_v by_o the_o julian_n law_n relegatio_fw-la or_o banishment_n as_o other_o think_v but_o certain_o the_o pain_n of_o death_n be_v the_o punishment_n to_o be_v inflict_v by_o that_o excellent_a constitution_n leg_n quamvis_fw-la cod._n hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi albeit_o thereafter_o justinian_n do_v by_o the_o 134._o n._n cap._n 11._o remit_v to_o the_o woman_n the_o pain_n of_o death_n and_o ordain_v she_o only_o to_o be_v imprison_v in_o a_o monastery_n by_o the_o law_n likewise_o of_o most_o nation_n adultery_n be_v only_o punishable_a by_o pecuniary_a mulct_n albeit_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n it_o be_v punishable_a by_o ston_a both_o man_n and_o woman_n to_o death_n 20._o deut._n 22._o which_o punishment_n some_o think_v likewise_o to_o have_v be_v abrogate_a by_o our_o saviour_n because_o when_o the_o woman_n accuse_v for_o adultery_n be_v bring_v before_o he_o he_o do_v dismiss_v she_o without_o any_o punishment_n but_o this_o be_v very_o groundless_a for_o our_o saviour_n come_v not_o to_o be_v a_o judge_n in_o such_o cause_n as_o himself_o declare_v and_o though_o he_o have_v be_v a_o judge_n yet_o she_o want_v a_o accuser_n iii_o our_o law_n divide_v adultery_n in_o that_o which_o be_v notour_n adultery_n and_o single_a adultery_n notour_fw-fr adultery_n be_v by_o the_o 74._o act_n parl._n 9_o q._n marry_o declare_v to_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n after_o premonition_n be_v make_v to_o abstain_v from_o the_o say_v manifest_a and_o notour_n crime_n which_o premonition_n have_v its_o origin_n from_o auth._n si_fw-la quis_fw-la c._n ad_fw-la l._n 1._o de_fw-fr adult_n by_o which_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o husband_n to_o kill_v he_o who_o be_v thrice_o premonish_v not_o to_o converse_v with_o his_o wife_n and_o in_o effect_n the_o design_n of_o that_o act_n be_v only_o to_o punish_v a_o horrid_a abuse_n which_o be_v then_o ordinar_n viz._n the_o take_v away_o other_o man_n wife_n and_o keep_v they_o open_o as_o their_o own_o to_o the_o great_a contempt_n of_o law_n yet_o by_o the_o explication_n of_o this_o act_n which_o be_v give_v by_o the_o 105._o act_n 7._o parl._n i._n 6._o that_o be_v only_o declare_v to_o be_v notour_n adultery_n where_o 1._o there_o be_v bairn_n one_o or_o more_o procreate_v betwixt_o the_o adulterer_n 2._o when_o they_o keep_v company_n or_o bed_n together_o notorious_o know_v 3._o when_o they_o be_v suspect_v of_o adultery_n and_o thereby_o give_v slander_n to_o the_o kirk_n whereupon_o be_v admonish_v to_o satisfy_v the_o kirk_n they_o contemptuous_o refuse_v and_o for_o their_o refusal_n they_o be_v excommunicate_a if_o either_o of_o which_o three_o degree_n be_v prove_v before_o the_o justice_n the_o committer_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o though_o by_o the_o first_o act_n premonition_n to_o abstain_v be_v still_o to_o be_v make_v in_o all_o case_n yet_o in_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o first_o case_n here_o relate_v it_o be_v declare_v necessary_a but_o since_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o kill_v he_o who_o be_v premonish_v and_o thereafter_o converse_v except_o they_o converse_v in_o suspect_a place_n gribald_n de_fw-fr homicide_n num_fw-la 11._o it_o seem_v that_o in_o neither_o
advantage_n arise_v by_o any_o plea_n be_v forbid_v by_o this_o statute_n which_o the_o civilian_n call_v pactum_fw-la de_fw-la quota_fw-la litis_fw-la by_o the_o 104._o act_n 7._o parl._n i._n 5._o consult_v or_o give_v partial_a judgement_n be_v declare_v bribe_v in_o a_o judge_n and_o such_o as_o diffame_v they_o as_o briber_n be_v punish_v legetalionis_fw-la but_o because_o these_o act_n be_v not_o clear_a against_o bribe_v therefore_o by_o the_o 93._o act._n 6._o parl._n i._n 6._o the_o take_n of_o bribe_n be_v discharge_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n their_o wife_n and_o servant_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o infamy_n deprivation_n and_o confiscation_n of_o all_o their_o movable_n to_o all_o which_o a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v adject_v it_o be_v very_o observable_a that_o by_o this_o act_n not_o only_o the_o take_n of_o bribe_n be_v discharge_v but_o even_o the_o take_v any_o good_n or_o gear_n during_o the_o depend_v of_o a_o plea_n or_o from_o such_o as_o shall_v have_v cause_n depend_v for_o the_o future_a and_o though_o it_o seem_v very_o reasonable_a that_o man_n shall_v not_o be_v discharge_v of_o the_o effect_n of_o their_o friend_n liberality_n and_o shall_v not_o be_v by_o be_v elect_a lord_n of_o session_n put_v in_o a_o worse_a condition_n than_o the_o other_o subject_n yet_o so_o jealous_a be_v the_o law_n of_o bribe_v that_o it_o be_v afraid_a that_o if_o judge_n be_v allow_v to_o take_v at_o any_o rate_n or_o upon_o pretext_n of_o their_o friend_n liberality_n they_o may_v abuse_v this_o pretext_n to_o mere_a bribe_v l._n ult_n c._n h._n t._n l._n 4._o ff_n eod_a and_o yet_o the_o gloss_n ad_fw-la l._n 1._o ff_n h._n t._n allow_v a_o judge_n to_o take_v from_o his_o relation_n within_o the_o six_o degree_n nor_o be_v it_o lawful_a to_o take_v any_o thing_n even_o by_o way_n of_o remuneration_n though_o remuneration_n be_v rather_o a_o pay_v then_o a_o gilt_n matheus_n p._n 619._o but_o i_o conceive_v that_o this_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o a_o remuneration_n make_v for_o service_n do_v during_o a_o plea_n or_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o a_o plea_n or_o upon_o any_o public_a account_n but_o it_o seem_v against_o reason_n to_o think_v that_o if_o a_o brother_n or_o brother_n in_o law_n shall_v entertain_v his_o brother_n family_n whilst_o he_o be_v a_o judge_n that_o he_o may_v not_o receive_v a_o remuneration_n for_o that_o or_o the_o like_a kindness_n the_o second_o observation_n from_o this_o act_n be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o their_o wife_n or_o servant_n to_o take_v bribe_n or_o good_a deed_n which_o be_v consonant_n to_o l._n 1._o c._n h._n t._n by_o which_o the_o judge_n be_v liable_a to_o pay_v the_o quadruple_a of_o what_o his_o servant_n take_v but_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o none_o be_v liable_a by_o this_o statute_n for_o what_o his_o servant_n take_v except_o he_o know_v that_o his_o servant_n take_v by_o command_n or_o ratihabition_n for_o this_o statute_n discharge_v judge_n to_o take_v by_o themselves_o or_o their_o wife_n or_o their_o servant_n which_o imply_v some_o act_n of_o the_o master_n for_o qui_fw-la facit_fw-la per_fw-la alium_fw-la facit_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la but_o he_o who_o be_v absolute_o ignorant_a of_o what_o his_o servant_n do_v can_v be_v punish_v for_o another_o fault_n against_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o law_n else_o the_o master_n shall_v be_v make_v a_o slave_n to_o his_o servant_n who_o may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n force_v he_o to_o what_o he_o decide_v or_o else_o by_o take_v bribe_n may_v ruin_v both_o his_o master_n estate_n and_o reputation_n since_o this_o statute_n discharge_v only_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o it_o shall_v extend_v to_o bribe_n take_v by_o other_o judge_n for_o law_n in_o criminal_a case_n use_v not_o to_o be_v extend_v and_o since_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n may_v by_o bribe_v do_v moâ—e_n unjustice_n and_o prejudge_v the_o liege_n more_o than_o other_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o other_o judge_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v so_o severe_o punish_v as_o they_o and_o yet_o since_o the_o crime_n of_o bribe_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o law_n of_o nation_n in_o all_o judge_n it_o seem_v just_a to_o extend_v this_o act_n to_o all_o judge_n and_o the_o other_o because_o though_o lex_fw-la julia_fw-la be_v make_v contra_fw-la principales_fw-la magistratus_fw-la yet_o it_o be_v by_o the_o roman_a custom_n extend_v ad_fw-la magistratus_fw-la urbanos_fw-la math._n p._n 617._o iii_o the_o take_n of_o bribe_n or_o good_a deed_n be_v punish_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n per._n l._n jul_a repetundarum_fw-la by_o which_o tenebatur_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o magistratu_fw-la potestate_fw-la curatione_fw-la legatione_fw-la vel_fw-la quo_fw-la alio_fw-la officio_fw-la munere_fw-la ministeriove_n publico_fw-la quid_fw-la acciperit_n quo_fw-la magis_fw-la aut_fw-la quo_fw-la minus_fw-la officium_fw-la faceret_fw-la l._n 1_o 3_o 4_o 6._o ff_n de_fw-fr l._n jul_a repet_n the_o punishment_n of_o crimen_fw-la repetundarum_fw-la be_v death_n if_o money_n be_v take_v to_o pronounce_v a_o capital_a sentence_n unjust_o l._n 7._o or_o banishment_n and_o confiscation_n of_o good_n in_o case_n no_o such_o criminal_a effect_n follow_v ff_n 38._o de_fw-la paenis_fw-la and_o though_o some_o doctor_n teach_v that_o albeit_o it_o be_v capital_a to_o condemn_v a_o innocent_a man_n yet_o to_o absolve_v a_o guilty_a man_n who_o deserve_a death_n be_v only_o punishable_a by_o banishment_n but_o if_o the_o judge_n receive_v money_n or_o commit_v gross_a iniquity_n that_o shall_v be_v punishable_a by_o death_n also_o for_o l._n 7._o h._n t._n do_v not_o distinguish_v these_o two_o case_n this_o crime_n be_v by_o the_o doctor_n call_v banatria_fw-la nam_fw-la baratriam_fw-la committit_fw-la qui_fw-la propter_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la justitiam_fw-la baractat_fw-la farin_n q._n 3._o art_n 10._o and_o they_o conclude_v that_o by_o the_o present_a custom_n of_o nation_n it_o be_v only_o punish_v arbitrary_o not_o exceed_v banishment_n boss._n the_o offic_n corrupt_v num_fw-la 6._o he_o also_o who_o corrupt_v the_o judge_n be_v punishable_a with_o the_o punishment_n of_o falsehood_n gloss_n ad_fw-la l._n qui_fw-la explicandi_fw-la c._n de_fw-fr accus_fw-la which_o hold_v though_o the_o judge_n accept_v not_o the_o bribe_n he_o be_v punishable_a if_o the_o endeavour_n pervenit_fw-la ad_fw-la actum_fw-la proximum_fw-la menoch_n the_o arb_n case_z 343._o he_o also_o who_o corrupt_v the_o judge_n or_o clerk_n lose_v the_o cause_n far._n num_fw-la 126._o but_o i_o differ_v from_o he_o in_o that_o he_o think_v that_o a_o panel_n who_o corrupt_v the_o judge_n in_o a_o criminal_a cause_n ought_v not_o there_o after_o to_o be_v allow_v a_o liberty_n of_o propon_v a_o defence_n for_o a_o innocent_a man_n may_v by_o fear_n be_v drive_v to_o offer_v to_o redeem_v his_o own_o life_n to_o which_o inclination_n the_o law_n indulge_v very_o much_o the_o judge_n who_o judge_n unskilful_o per_fw-la imperitiam_fw-la be_v punishable_a by_o a_o fine_a beside_o that_o he_o pay_v the_o expense_n of_o the_o plea_n l._n fin_n de_fw-fr var._n &_o extr_n crim_n but_o bossius_n and_o other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o be_v never_o to_o be_v corporal_o punish_v and_o by_o the_o 17._o act_n 6._o p._n ja._n 2._o only_o such_o judge_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v as_o trespass_v wilful_o in_o their_o office_n arbiter_n bribe_v be_v punish_v as_o other_o judge_n but_o some_o â—_z do_v just_o conclude_v that_o arbiter_n be_v not_o liable_a for_o their_o unskilfulnesse_n since_o they_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o party_n who_o shall_v blame_v their_o own_o election_n delegat_v judge_n such_o as_o these_o to_o who_o the_o lord_n recommend_v perambulate_v of_o march_n be_v punishable_a for_o bribe_v but_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n they_o be_v not_o punishable_a for_o their_o unskilfulnesse_n assessor_n take_v bribe_n be_v also_o punishable_a but_o some_o think_v they_o not_o punishable_a for_o unskilfulnesse_n since_o the_o judge_n be_v not_o obliedge_v to_o follow_v their_o opinion_n and_o though_o some_o think_v that_o a_o assessor_n get_v a_o salary_n be_v liable_a even_o for_o his_o unskilfulnesse_n curt._n jun._n ad_fw-la l._n 2._o ff_n quod_fw-la cuique_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o he_o shall_v have_v know_v that_o he_o be_v name_v assessor_n to_o supply_v the_o unskilfulnesse_n of_o the_o judge_n yet_o i_o differ_v for_o he_o give_v only_o his_o advice_n and_o so_o be_v liable_a only_o as_o a_o advocate_n be_v v._o judge_n negligent_a in_o put_v law_n to_o execution_n be_v punishable_a for_o their_o remissness_n and_o negligence_n c._n 14._o r._n 2._o by_o the_o escheat_a of_o their_o moveable_n and_o their_o life_n be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n will_v which_o seem_v too_o severe_a a_o punishment_n for_o mere_a negligence_n but_o by_o the_o 26._o act_n 5._o par._n ja._n 3._o a_o judge_n find_v culpable_a which_o
full_a copy_n must_v be_v give_v because_o all_o diet_n here_o be_v peremptor_n and_o not_o with_o continuation_n of_o day_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v ut_fw-la reus_fw-la veniat_fw-la instructus_fw-la ad_fw-la defendendum_fw-la whereas_o before_o the_o session_n a_o short_a copy_n be_v sufficient_a because_o the_o summons_n be_v give_v out_o to_o see_v and_o a_o time_n allow_v to_o answer_v the_o diet_n be_v here_o so_o peremptory_a that_o if_o the_o defender_n be_v cite_v to_o a_o day_n whereupon_o the_o council_n sit_v not_o if_o he_o appear_v at_o the_o day_n to_o which_o he_o be_v cite_v and_o take_v instrument_n at_o the_o council_n chamber_n he_o will_v not_o be_v thereafter_o oblige_v to_o attend_v nor_o can_v he_o be_v denounce_v fugitive_n for_o be_v absent_a for_o see_v it_o be_v peremptory_a against_o he_o it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v peremptory_a for_o he_o where_o many_o party_n be_v cite_v as_o defender_n upon_o a_o bill_n to_o the_o council_n any_o one_o or_o two_o will_v be_v allow_v to_o answer_v for_o the_o rest_n they_o find_v caution_n and_o enact_v themselves_o to_o be_v liable_a for_o whatever_o shall_v be_v discern_v against_o those_o for_o who_o they_o undertake_v which_o privilege_n be_v grant_v if_o no_o personal_a punishment_n be_v conclude_v against_o the_o defender_n but_o if_o either_o the_o complaint_n conclude_v or_o that_o the_o crime_n will_v in_o law_n infer_v a_o corporal_a punishment_n then_o the_o offering_n to_o find_v caution_n to_o answer_v will_v not_o be_v allow_v nam_fw-la noxa_fw-la caput_fw-la sequi_fw-la debet_fw-la and_o no_o man_n can_v bind_v his_o body_n for_o another_o nam_fw-la nemo_fw-la est_fw-la dominus_fw-la suorum_fw-la membrorum_fw-la the_o pursuer_fw-mi may_v appear_v by_o his_o procurator_n but_o the_o defender_n must_v either_o be_v present_a or_o send_v a_o testificat_fw-la of_o his_o sickness_n upon_o soul_n and_o conscience_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v the_o privilege_n of_o any_o counsellor_n that_o he_o may_v undertake_v to_o answer_v for_o any_o defender_n that_o be_v cite_v quo_fw-la casu_fw-la the_o defender_n will_v not_o be_v unlaw_v or_o denounce_v fugitive_n upon_o his_o absence_n but_o his_o defence_n will_v be_v receive_v as_o if_o he_o be_v present_a nor_o can_v any_o bill_n for_o receive_v a_o complaint_n pass_v against_o a_o councillor_n but_o in_o presentia_fw-la the_o council_n by_o the_o first_o constitution_n be_v only_o to_o take_v cognizance_n of_o what_o concern_v the_o public_a peace_n and_o be_v neither_o judge_n in_o civil_a case_n nor_o crime_n but_o in_o so_o far_o as_o these_o impinged_a upon_o or_o be_v violation_n thereof_o but_o now_o that_o judicator_n do_v under_o the_o notion_n of_o riot_n and_o breach_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n hear_v to_o many_o cause_n civil_a and_o criminal_a but_o see_v the_o design_n of_o this_o treatise_n aim_v only_o to_o illustrat_fw-la our_o criminal_a law_n i_o shall_v only-conside_a the_o procedor_fw-la of_o the_o council_n in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o can_v cognosce_fw-la upon_o crime_n ii_o the_o most_o ordinar_n crime_n which_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o council_n be_v these_o which_o we_o call_v riot_n in_o our_o law_n a_o riot_n be_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o peace_n commit_v by_o oppression_n or_o wrong_v his_o majesty_n liege_n by_o force_n and_o violence_n instance_n whereof_o be_v the_o dispossess_v any_o of_o his_o majesty_n subject_n by_o a_o convocation_n of_o the_o liedge_n or_o otherwise_o the_o affront_a of_o magistrate_n by_o raise_v tumult_n against_o they_o etc._n etc._n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o which_o crime_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o consider_v that_o jura_fw-la maxim_n oderunt_fw-la violentias_fw-la &_o rapinas_fw-la &_o pluribus_fw-la modis_fw-la succurrant_fw-la vim_o passis_fw-la &_o spoliatis_fw-la for_o here_o the_o public_a be_v wound_v in_o break_v its_o peace_n and_o private_a person_n be_v wrong_v by_o the_o prejudice_n do_v upon_o which_o account_n the_o law_n have_v furnish_v more_o remedy_n against_o this_o than_o any_o other_o crime_n for_o either_o it_o may_v be_v pursue_v civil_o per_fw-la interdictum_fw-la unde_fw-la vi_fw-la so_o call_v from_o the_o first_o word_n of_o the_o edict_n which_o run_v thus_o unde_fw-la vi_fw-la tu_fw-la illum_fw-la dejecisti_fw-la terestituere_fw-la cogam_fw-la which_o interdict_v restore_v only_o the_o possession_n of_o immovables_n whereas_o moveable_n be_v spoilzy_v be_v crave_v back_o actione_n vibonorum_fw-la justinian_n also_o introduce_v that_o he_o who_o rest_n and_o violent_o take_v what_o be_v his_o own_o shall_v lose_v it_o l._n 7._o c._n unde_fw-la vi_fw-la for_o in_o this_o the_o resumer_n usurp_v the_o power_n of_o the_o magistrate_n who_o ministry_n be_v requisite_a in_o invert_v the_o present_a possession_n the_o canon_n law_n likewise_o have_v introduce_v beneficium_fw-la cap._n redintae_fw-la grandae_fw-la 4._o cap._n 3._o quest_n 1._o and_o menoch_n relate_v 17._o remedy_n and_o philip._n franc._n 24._o for_o recovery_n of_o possession_n and_o see_v the_o thing_n possess_v be_v still_o presume_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o possessor_n and_o that_o hardly_o the_o right_n of_o moveable_n can_v be_v otherwise_o prove_v then_o by_o possession_n the_o law_n do_v most_o reasonable_o both_o for_o secure_v property_n and_o punish_v violence_n establish_v that_o great_a rule_n that_o spoliatus_fw-la est_fw-la ante_fw-la omne_fw-la restituendus_fw-la and_o conform_v thereto_o the_o council_n who_o be_v never_o judge_n to_o property_n but_o only_o to_o possession_n so_o that_o in_o effect_n all_o their_o sentence_n be_v interdict_v do_v still_o restore_v the_o possession_n to_o the_o person_n eject_v and_o likewise_o punish_v arbitrar_o the_o violence_n commit_v for_o we_o have_v no_o express_a statute_n tax_v the_o punishment_n by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n it_o be_v account_v no_o riot_n or_o rout_n except_o three_o at_o least_o be_v present_a and_o that_o something_o be_v do_v ad_fw-la terrorem_fw-la populi_fw-la for_o break_v of_o the_o peace_n bolton_n cap._n 31._o iii_o the_o two_o ordinar_n defence_n which_o be_v propon_v against_o riotous_a ejection_n be_v that_o by_o a_o writ_n it_o be_v lawful_a and_o agree_v upon_o betwixt_o party_n that_o the_o defender_n may_v have_v eject_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi if_o he_o remove_v not_o at_o the_o day_n appoint_v which_o will_v defend_v against_o a_o riot_n and_o yet_o craig_n relate_v a_o case_n p._n 198._o where_o one_o who_o have_v grant_v a_o tack_v only_o for_o a_o year_n have_v eject_v the_o tacks-man_n after_o expire_a of_o that_o year_n be_v pursue_v actione_n unde_fw-la vio_n in_o a_o action_n of_o ejection_n and_o be_v force_v to_o transact_v albeit_o he_o contend_v that_o the_o word_n only_o be_v exclusive_a of_o any_o future_a possession_n but_o where_o by_o express_a paction_n it_o be_v declare_v lawful_a for_o he_o who_o enter_v to_o enter_v brevi_fw-la manu_fw-la without_o process_n or_o hazard_v of_o ejection_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o this_o paction_n be_v unlawful_a see_v no_o man_n can_v warrant_v violence_n and_o this_o seem_v as_o unlawful_a as_o if_o one_o shall_v oblige_v himself_o never_o to_o pursue_v for_o any_o injury_n to_o be_v do_v he_o which_o paction_n the_o law_n declare_v express_o unlawful_a &_o nemo_fw-la potest_fw-la renunciare_fw-la juri_fw-la publico_fw-la and_o this_o be_v to_o allow_v private_a person_n the_o power_n of_o jurisdiction_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v think_v but_o this_o paction_n be_v extort_a and_o albeit_o the_o party_n injure_v be_v exclude_v by_o this_o paction_n yet_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n may_v certain_o pursue_v vindictam_fw-la publicam_fw-la if_o opposition_n be_v make_v and_o violence_n use_v notwithstanding_o of_o which_o i_o remember_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o argile_n have_v obtain_v a_o decreet_a of_o remove_v against_o george_n campbel_n and_o it_o be_v suspend_v till_o the_o next_o term_n the_o lord_n ordain_v it_o to_o be_v insert_v in_o the_o bill_n that_o the_o earl_n may_v eject_v he_o brevi_fw-la manu_fw-la the_o next_o day_n after_o the_o term_n by_o his_o own_o authority_n but_o the_o earl_n be_v sheriff_n here_o himself_o and_o so_o his_o jurisdiction_n be_v only_o prorogat_v and_o the_o law_n be_v express_v that_o privatus_fw-la potest_fw-la ex_fw-la consensu_fw-la prorogare_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la ejus_fw-la qui_fw-la aliqualem_fw-la habet_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la privatus_fw-la consensus_fw-la tribuere_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la ei_fw-la qui_fw-la nullam_fw-la habet_fw-la vid._n hanc_fw-la quaestionem_fw-la apud_fw-la bart._n ad_fw-la l._n creditores_fw-la c._n the_o pign_n &_o hipoth_v but_o here_o also_o the_o lord_n warrant_v to_o eject_v be_v a_o delegate_a of_o their_o own_o jurisdiction_n i_o conceive_v also_o that_o where_o there_o be_v no_o violence_n nor_o opposition_n make_v the_o voluntar_n consent_n may_v allow_v the_o ejection_n especial_o in_o a_o master_n towards_o his_o own_o tennent_n who_o have_v a_o natural_a jurisdiction_n in_o that_o case_n and_o that_o his_o ejection_n be_v also_o
albeit_o those_o course_n and_o repledgiation_n be_v equivalent_a to_o advocation_n iii_o advocation_n may_v be_v raise_v from_o inferior_a criminal_a judge_n by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o theft-boot_n before_o the_o sheriff_n of_o inverness_n and_o advocate_n by_o the_o lord_n because_o of_o the_o intricacy_n of_o the_o case_n albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v there_o that_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o judge_n competent_a in_o such_o advocation_n because_o they_o can_v not_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o crime_n pursue_v to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o though_o they_o can_v not_o be_v judge_n themselves_o yet_o they_o may_v remit_v the_o pursuit_n to_o these_o who_o be_v competent_a even_o as_o brieve_v raise_v for_o serve_v a_o person_n air_n may_v be_v advocate_n to_o the_o lord_n who_o may_v remit_v the_o case_n to_o another_o inquest_n but_o durhie_n observe_v the_o 9_o of_o january_n 1629._o that_o kincaid_n of_o waristoun_n crave_v that_o the_o process_n against_o he_o for_o slaughter_n may_v be_v advocate_n by_o the_o lord_n to_o the_o justice_n because_o of_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o baron_n bailie_n or_o else_o that_o they_o will_v grant_v assessor_n the_o lord_n continue_v the_o diet_n till_o application_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o the_o council_n but_o if_o the_o council_n will_v not_o interpose_v than_o they_o shall_v do_v justice_n therein_o by_o remit_v the_o same_o to_o the_o justice_n or_o otherwise_o but_o advocation_n in_o criminal_a case_n be_v ordinary_o raise_v by_o the_o privy_a council_n who_o have_v the_o most_o natural_a power_n in_o such_o case_n advocation_n be_v raise_v upon_o bill_n and_o the_o letter_n pass_v the_o signet_n of_o the_o session_n if_o the_o bill_n be_v past_a by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n or_o of_o the_o council_n if_o the_o bill_n be_v pass_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o council_n this_o advocation_n must_v be_v execute_v by_o a_o messenger_n and_o a_o full_a copy_n must_v be_v give_v of_o the_o letter_n as_o in_o other_o summons_n for_o in_o effect_n a_o advocation_n be_v a_o summons_n and_o the_o diet_n in_o advocation_n be_v peremptor_n as_o in_o all_o other_o criminal_a pursuit_n neither_o be_v the_o advocation_n give_v up_o to_o see_v as_o in_o other_o criminal_a pursuit_n at_o the_o day_n of_o compearance_n and_o therefore_o a_o full_a copy_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o end_n the_o defender_n may_v be_v ready_a to_o answer_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi of_o the_o action_n must_v be_v cite_v and_o the_o judge_n from_o who_o the_o action_n be_v to_o be_v advocate_n must_v be_v also_o cite_v to_o the_o effect_n he_o may_v defend_v his_o own_o jurisdiction_n and_o if_o both_o these_o be_v not_o cite_v the_o advocation_n will_v not_o be_v sustain_v when_o the_o day_n of_o compearance_n come_v if_o the_o advocation_n be_v raise_v before_o the_o session_n it_o be_v call_v before_o the_o session_n and_o if_o the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v find_v relevant_a the_o cause_n be_v remit_v to_o the_o justice_n but_o if_o that_o advocation_n be_v raise_v before_o the_o council_n it_o be_v call_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o they_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o relevancy_n of_o the_o reason_n and_o both_o pursuer_fw-mi and_o defender_n must_v prove_v all_o that_o they_o allege_v instant_o the_o advocation_n of_o a_o criminal_a pursuit_n do_v contain_v the_o reason_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v found_v as_o in_o civil_a advocation_n but_o though_o in_o civilibus_fw-la the_o raiser_n of_o the_o advocation_n will_v be_v allow_v to_o add_v a_o reason_n though_o it_o be_v not_o libel_v which_o be_v call_v a_o eiked_a reason_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o allow_v in_o criminalibus_fw-la because_o all_o must_v be_v prove_v instanter_fw-la and_o the_o defender_n be_v not_o able_a to_o prove_v his_o answer_n instant_o if_o he_o know_v not_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n which_o he_o must_v answer_v whereas_o in_o civilibus_fw-la he_o will_v get_v a_o term_n to_o prove_v his_o answer_n to_o the_o eiked_a reason_n iv._o the_o ordinary_a reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v 1._o consanguinity_n or_o affinity_n within_o degree_n defendant_n viz._n cousin_n german_a or_o near_o for_o whatever_o be_v a_o sufficient_a reason_n to_o cast_v a_o witness_n shall_v in_o my_o opinion_n much_o more_o be_v sufficient_a to_o decline_v a_o judge_n since_o there_o may_v be_v penury_n of_o witness_n so_o that_o the_o witness_v challenge_v may_v be_v necessary_a whereas_o if_o a_o judge_n be_v suspect_v he_o may_v be_v supply_v by_o another_o deput_n or_o a_o superior_a judge_n and_o a_o judge_n may_v by_o himself_o ruin_n a_o cause_n which_o one_o witness_n can_v do_v and_o though_o we_o have_v no_o express_a law_n for_o this_o yet_o the_o lord_n incline_v ordinary_o to_o sustain_v this_o and_o particular_o in_o the_o month_n of_o decem._n 1676._o ross_z contra_fw-la collodine_n where_o a_o decreet_a be_v turn_v in_o a_o libel_n because_o pronounce_v by_o a_o nephew_n albeit_o it_o be_v there_o allege_v that_o by_o the_o 212._o act_n 14._o parl._n i._n 6._o a_o brother_n father_n and_o son_n be_v only_o to_o be_v decline_v as_o judge_n for_o that_o statute_n relate_v only_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o because_o of_o their_o great_a eminency_n and_o trust_v be_v not_o to_o be_v as_o easy_o suspect_v as_o inferior_a judge_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o justice_n or_o any_o of_o they_o may_v be_v decline_v as_o within_o degree_n defendant_n for_o though_o they_o must_v now_o be_v senator_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n yet_o they_o sit_v not_o there_o as_o such_o nor_o be_v the_o justice-general_a or_o justice-clerk_n always_o of_o that_o number_n but_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o since_o the_o justice_n court_n be_v a_o supreme_a judicatory_a in_o its_o own_o kind_n and_o that_o this_o respect_n that_o be_v put_v upon_o they_o be_v because_o of_o their_o eminency_n and_o presume_v integrity_n that_o therefore_o they_o be_v the_o same_o person_n aught_o to_o have_v the_o same_o privilege_n and_o the_o justice-general_a and_o justice-clerk_n be_v superior_a in_o order_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o be_v justiciar_n aught_o at_o least_o to_o have_v as_o great_a trust_n but_o though_o the_o admiral_n be_v a_o supreme_a judge_n also_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o this_o statute_n shall_v be_v extend_v to_o he_o because_o man_n of_o mean_a part_n may_v officiat_fw-la there_o it_o may_v be_v also_o doubt_v whether_o this_o declinator_fw-la against_o father_n brother_n and_o son_n shall_v extend_v to_o the_o degree_n of_o affinity_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o consanguinity_n so_o that_o a_o father_n or_o brother_n in_o law_n may_v be_v decline_v and_o though_o the_o lord_n late_o will_v not_o decline_v one_o of_o their_o number_n though_o brother_n in_o law_n to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi yet_o it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o albeit_o act_v of_o parliament_n must_v be_v strict_o interpret_v yet_o where_o there_o be_v a_o parity_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o word_n may_v in_o propriety_n admit_v of_o the_o extension_n there_o the_o extension_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o here_o a_o brother_n in_o law_n be_v to_o be_v suspect_v and_o a_o brother_n in_o law_n be_v in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n a_o brother_n likeas_n since_o witness_n may_v be_v cast_v upon_o the_o suspicion_n of_o affinity_n why_o may_v not_o judge_n especial_o see_v in_o the_o statute_n 1621._o against_o disposition_n make_v by_o bankrupt_n and_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o lawyer_n degree_n of_o affinity_n and_o consanguinity_n be_v still_o equiparat_fw-la and_o so_o wise_a be_v we_o in_o this_o point_n that_o a_o pursuit_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v advocate_n upon_o this_o statute_n because_o the_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v brother_n to_o the_o judge_n though_o he_o be_v only_o pursue_v ratione_fw-la officii_fw-la and_o have_v no_o interest_n himself_o and_o express_o renounce_v all_o interest_n in_o the_o pursuit_n 28._o january_n 1629._o whether_o this_o statute_n be_v to_o be_v extend_v to_o unlawful_a relation_n so_o that_o a_o bastard_n brother_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v decline_v vide_fw-la my_o observation_n upon_o the_o statute_n 1621._o another_o reason_n of_o advocation_n like_a to_o this_o be_v that_o one_o of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o court_n be_v pursuer_fw-mi as_o for_o instance_n the_o pursuit_n be_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o one_o of_o two_o sheriff_n depute_v before_o his_o own_o colleague_n habet_fw-la quip_n societas_fw-la jus_o quoddam_fw-la fraternitatis_fw-la in_o se_fw-la l._n verum_fw-la ff_n praesocio_fw-la vid._n c._n insinuante_fw-la de_fw-fr offic_n deleg_a &_o cap._n postr_n de_fw-fr appel_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v judge_v where_o the_o colleague_n pursue_v but_o that_o the_o pursuit_n shall_v be_v carry_v away_o to_o another_o judicature_n be_v appoint_v by_o a_o
statute_n in_o france_n anno_fw-la 1560._o but_o we_o have_v no_o such_o statute_n and_o one_o colleague_n with_o we_o may_v be_v witness_n for_o another_o and_o why_o not_o then_o judge_n a_o three_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v that_o the_o judge_n be_v suspect_v as_o if_o he_o have_v give_v partial_a counsel_n or_o if_o he_o have_v repel_v a_o just_a defence_n or_o as_o be_v severe_a above_o what_o the_o law_n allow_v 4._o that_o he_o be_v incompetent_a the_o case_n pursue_v be_v only_o proper_a to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o justice_n as_o be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n viz._n treason_n murder_n fire-raising_a and_o ravish_v of_o woman_n but_o sometime_o though_o the_o first_o libel_n have_v infer_v treason_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o peddy_n january_n 1667._o yet_o if_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi will_v restrict_n his_o action_n to_o damnage_v and_o interest_n but_o will_v desert_v the_o diet_n as_o to_o the_o criminal_a pursuit_n it_o may_v be_v sustain_v 5._o that_o the_o case_n be_v very_o intricat_a as_o in_o a_o pursuit_n of_o theft-boot_n which_o be_v advocate_n from_o the_o sheriff-deput_a of_o invernesse_n eo_fw-la ex_fw-la capite_fw-la member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n also_o pretend_v that_o they_o can_v be_v pursue_v before_o any_o other_o court_n because_o this_o will_v draw_v they_o from_o attend_v the_o session_n but_o the_o act_n 39_o pa._n 6._o q._n m._n whereon_o this_o be_v found_v seem_v only_o to_o hold_v in_o remove_n so_o that_o no_o action_n concern_v remove_n shall_v be_v advocate_n but_o in_o these_o case_n viz._n deadly_a fead_z where_o the_o judge_n ordinary_a be_v party_n or_o the_o defender_n a_o member_n of_o the_o session_n and_o yet_o the_o praxi_fw-la that_o part_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v extend_v to_o all_o advocation_n but_o they_o can_v advocate_n from_o the_o justice_n court_n if_o the_o cause_n be_v advocate_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi of_o the_o first_o libel_n which_o be_v advocate_v must_v find_v caution_n de_fw-fr novo_fw-la to_o insist_v in_o the_o pursuit_n else_o the_o justice_n will_v desert_v the_o diet_n which_o caution_n be_v necessary_a because_o the_o judicature_n before_o which_o the_o caution_n be_v find_v be_v alter_v and_o neither_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi nor_o his_o cautioner_n be_v bind_v to_o insist_v before_o any_o other_o court_n the_o defender_n likewise_o of_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o who_o raise_v the_o advocation_n be_v obliedge_v to_o renew_v his_o caution_n that_o he_o will_v under_o the_o law_n else_o the_o justice_n will_v imprison_v he_o the_o taiser_n of_o the_o advocation_n mus_fw-la intimate_fw-la to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi of_o the_o principal_a cause_n that_o he_o have_v raise_v a_o advocation_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o say_v pursuer_fw-mi may_v be_v ready_a to_o insist_v at_o the_o day_n to_o which_o the_o advocation_n be_v raise_v and_o when_o the_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi before_o the_o court_n from_o which_o the_o cause_n be_v advocate_v the_o raiser_n of_o the_o advocation_n shall_v intimate_fw-la to_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v be_v ready_a to_o insist_v for_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n be_v in_o the_o justice-court_n what_o the_o procurator_n fiskal_n be_v in_o inferior_a court_n the_o office_n of_o both_o be_v to_o pursue_v vindictam_fw-la publicam_fw-la v._o the_o old_a custom_n be_v as_o some_o allege_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n judge_v all_o the_o advocation_n which_o be_v raise_v in_o criminal_a cause_n from_o inferior_a judge_n even_o to_o the_o justice_n court_n and_o very_o judicious_a lawyer_n do_v yet_o hold_v that_o the_o justice_n can_v judge_v whether_o they_o be_v competent_a judge_n in_o cause_n advocate_v from_o inferior_a criminal_a court_n but_o that_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n shall_v cognosce_fw-la whether_o the_o cause_n shall_v be_v advocate_n and_o if_o they_o sustain_v the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n that_o they_o shall_v remit_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o justice_n or_o remit_v the_o trial_n to_o the_o court_n from_o which_o it_o be_v advocate_v if_o the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v not_o relevant_a for_o they_o think_v it_o unreasonable_a that_o the_o justice_n shall_v be_v judge_n of_o their_o own_o competency_n but_o since_o the_o justice_n be_v supreme_a and_o sovereign_a judge_n as_o well_o as_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n and_o since_o the_o justice_n be_v now_o many_o and_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o session_n also_o it_o seem_v reasonable_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v judge_n to_o their_o own_o competency_n especial_o since_o these_o reason_n of_o advocation_n do_v very_o frequent_o do_v upon_o subtlety_n of_o the_o criminal_a law_n and_o can_v be_v well_o judge_v but_o by_o such_o as_o understand_v that_o law_n exact_o as_o for_o instance_n i_o have_v see_v a_o advocation_n raise_v of_o a_o libel_n in_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n from_o before_o a_o lord_n of_o regalities_n court_n upon_o this_o reason_n viz._n that_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o accusation_n be_v for_o drown_v a_o coal-heugh_a which_o be_v treason_n in_o our_o law_n to_o the_o which_o crime_n of_o treason_n none_o but_o the_o justice_n be_v judge_n competent_a in_o which_o advocation_n these_o point_n be_v necessary_o debate_v 1._o whether_o lord_n of_o regality_n be_v judge_n to_o treason_n 2._o whether_o though_o they_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o treason_n found_v upon_o the_o common_a law_n yet_o if_o they_o be_v judge_n to_o statutory_a treason_n 3._o whether_o though_o burn_v a_o coal-heugh_a be_v treason_n by_o statute_n yet_o if_o drown_v of_o it_o fall_v under_o that_o statute_n all_o which_o point_n be_v indagationis_fw-la criminalis_fw-la and_o these_o who_o can_v judge_v such_o point_n may_v judge_v any_o criminal_a case_n likeas_n both_o by_o the_o old_a and_o new_a stile_n of_o advocation_n raise_v either_o by_o the_o council_n or_o criminal_a court_n the_o letter_n bear_v that_o the_o reason_n be_v to_o be_v see_v and_o consider_v by_o the_o justice_n and_o immediate_o upon_o the_o advocation_n caution_n be_v find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o adjournal_n and_o to_o answer_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o the_o justice_n have_v be_v in_o constant_a possession_n of_o judge_v such_o reason_n and_o whereas_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o though_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v not_o judge_n to_o crime_n yet_o the_o case_n of_o competency_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o jurisdiction_n be_v mere_o civil_a and_o so_o it_o will_v seem_v proper_a to_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o lord_n especial_o since_o it_o be_v nor_o just_a that_o the_o justice_n shall_v be_v judge_n in_o their_o own_o cause_n to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o though_o this_o case_n be_v civil_a yet_o it_o have_v so_o necessary_a a_o contingency_n with_o what_o be_v criminal_a as_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v divide_v since_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o advocation_n wherein_o their_o own_o â—urisdiction_n be_v controvert_v why_o shall_v this_o be_v deny_v to_o the_o justice_n who_o be_v a_o part_n of_o themselves_o and_o such_o supreme_a judge_n be_v above_o suspicion_n especial_o since_o they_o can_v gain_v nothing_o by_o their_o jurisdiction_n title_n xviii_o of_o inquisition_n 1._o the_o nature_n of_o inquisition_n and_o when_o it_o be_v competent_a 2._o the_o king_n and_o party_n may_v pursue_v separat_o 3._o citation_n super_fw-la inquirendis_fw-la when_o competent_a i._o when_o a_o crime_n be_v commit_v the_o council_n or_o the_o justice_n do_v of_o old_a take_v a_o previous_a inquisition_n of_o it_o by_o examine_v witness_n and_o take_v such_o other_o information_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o these_o deposition_n and_o examination_n be_v call_v informationes_fw-la by_o the_o doctor_n but_o though_o they_o may_v examine_v witness_n before_o the_o intent_v of_o a_o criminal_a pursuit_n yet_o after_o it_o be_v once_o intent_a the_o justice_n find_v the_o 8._o of_o january_n 1672._o that_o they_o can_v not_o examine_v witness_n for_o the_o inquisition_n end_v by_o the_o intent_a of_o the_o pursuit_n &_o ubi_fw-la incipit_fw-la accusatio_fw-la desinit_fw-la inquisitio_fw-la the_o doctor_n be_v very_o profuse_a on_o this_o subject_n but_o i_o shall_v only_o excerpt_v from_o they_o what_o be_v most_o suitable_a to_o our_o form_n and_o practice_n they_o define_v inquisition_n to_o be_v a_o information_n of_o the_o crime_n take_v by_o the_o judge_n own_o authority_n &_o ex_fw-la officio_fw-la and_o they_o divide_v it_o in_o a_o general_a inquisition_n which_o be_v take_v of_o the_o crime_n in_o general_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o any_o particular_a informer_n or_o defender_n and_o a_o special_a inquisition_n which_o be_v take_v against_o a_o particular_a person_n of_o who_o guilt_n they_o be_v inform_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n no_o judge_n can_v proceed_v against_o any_o private_a
such_o as_o of_o its_o own_o nature_n may_v be_v good_a or_o evil_n according_o as_o it_o be_v circumstantiat_fw-la as_o in_o poison_n the_o give_v whereof_o may_v be_v occasion_v by_o ignorance_n mistake_v or_o malice_n 3._o some_o act_n be_v so_o irregular_a of_o their_o own_o nature_n that_o the_o law_n require_v only_o that_o the_o act_n be_v prove_v without_o prove_v the_o dole_n or_o wicked_a design_n as_o in_o sodomy_n adultery_n etc._n etc._n 4._o some_o act_n though_o they_o be_v not_o wicked_a of_o their_o own_o nature_n yet_o because_o the_o design_n can_v still_o be_v prove_v therefore_o the_o contraveen_a the_o law_n be_v equivalent_a to_o design_n &_o dolus_fw-la presumitur_fw-la contra_fw-la versantem_fw-la in_o illicito_fw-la as_o the_o converse_v with_o a_o woman_n after_o the_o church_n have_v forbid_v the_o same_o and_o therefore_o the_o doctor_n divide_v dolum_fw-la in_o verum_fw-la &_o presumtivum_fw-la 5._o where_o the_o law_n have_v express_o require_v dole_n and_o defigne_v there_o it_o must_v be_v express_o libel_v and_o prove_v as_o in_o the_o act_n 37._o par._n 2._o k._n ja._n 2._o where_o it_o be_v statute_v that_o if_o any_o man_n wilful_o recept_n rebel_n he_o shall_v be_v forefault_v but_o albeit_o lata_fw-la culpa_fw-la be_v equivalent_a to_o dolus_fw-la in_o lesser_a crymes_n yet_o the_o doctor_n conclude_v that_o where_o the_o crime_n may_v infer_v death_n or_o mutilation_n loss_n of_o life_n or_o limb_n as_o we_o speak_v there_o the_o gross_a negligence_n or_o lata_fw-la culpa_fw-la be_v not_o equivalent_a to_o dolus_fw-la clar._n quest._n 84_o num._n 7._o it_o be_v likewise_o much_o debate_v whether_o a_o endeavour_n to_o commit_v a_o crime_n be_v a_o crime_n albeit_o the_o efffect_n follow_v not_o and_o albeit_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o in_o maleficiis_fw-la voluntas_fw-la spectatur_fw-la non_fw-la exitus_fw-la l._n 1._o §_o divus_o ff_n ad_fw-la leg_n corn._n the_o sicar_n yet_o be_v general_o conclude_v by_o the_o practician_n of_o all_o nation_n that_o simplex_fw-la conatus_fw-la or_o endeavour_n be_v not_o now_o punishable_a by_o death_n clar._n quest._n 91._o gothofr_n §_o conatus_fw-la but_o for_o clear_v this_o accorcord_v to_o the_o principle_n of_o reason_n i_o shall_v form_v these_o conclusion_n first_o that_o all_o endeavour_n be_v a_o offence_n against_o the_o commonwealth_n though_o nothing_o follow_v thereupon_o albeit_o sometime_o the_o punishment_n be_v connive_v at_o or_o mitigate_v according_a to_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o malice_n but_o that_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o criminal_a appear_v from_o this_o that_o simple_a design_n be_v punishable_a in_o treason_n and_o some_o other_o atrocious_a crime_n because_o in_o these_o especial_o in_o treason_n it_o will_v be_v too_o late_a to_o provide_v a_o remedy_n when_o the_o crime_n be_v commit_v 2._o in_o less_o atrocious_a crime_n the_o design_n be_v punish_v if_o the_o comitter_n proceed_v to_o act_v that_o which_o approach_v near_o to_o the_o crime_n itself_o si_fw-la diventum_fw-la sit_fw-la ad_fw-la actum_fw-la maleficio_fw-la proximum_fw-la but_o this_o be_v not_o simplex_fw-la conatus_fw-la but_o in_o effect_n be_v a_o lesser_a degree_n of_o the_o crime_n to_o which_o it_o approach_v as_o if_o a_o thief_n have_v put_v ladder_n to_o the_o house_n which_o he_o resolve_v to_o rob_v or_o if_o he_o mix_v poison_n but_o the_o potion_n be_v spill_v upon_o the_o ground_n by_o a_o accident_n and_o albet_fw-la it_o be_v common_o receive_v that_o even_o in_o these_o case_n affectus_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la puniendus_fw-la sine_fw-la effectu_fw-la by_o the_o same_o punishment_n with_o the_o crime_n design_v yet_o i_o will_v distinguish_v in_o this_o betwixt_o a_o effect_n disappoint_v by_o a_o interveen_a accident_n and_o that_o which_o be_v stop_v by_o the_o repentance_n of_o the_o committer_n for_o where_o the_o design_n be_v only_o disappoint_v i_o think_v the_o ordinar_n punishment_n shall_v not_o be_v remit_v in_o case_n ubi_fw-la deventum_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la actum_fw-la proximum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d basil_n the_o extraord_n crim_n l._n 1._o and_o therefore_o the_o court_n of_o savoy_n do_v very_o just_o condemn_v a_o thief_n to_o be_v hang_v who_o have_v enter_v the_o house_n of_o one_o girard_n to_o steal_v and_o murder_n but_o be_v deprehend_v before_o the_o theft_n be_v commit_v goth._n §_o conatus_fw-la num_fw-la 16._o for_o since_o the_o punishment_n be_v only_o remit_v in_o conatu_fw-la or_o endeavour_n because_o of_o the_o favourable_a circumstance_n that_o nothing_o follow_v thereupon_o so_o i_o think_v this_o may_v be_v counterbalanced_n by_o the_o depravity_n of_o the_o design_n in_o many_o case_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v design_v to_o kill_v a_o whole_a family_n or_o burn_v a_o whole_a town_n and_o see_v man_n be_v punish_v not_o mere_o for_o what_o be_v do_v because_o that_o can_v be_v help_v as_o lawyer_n affirm_v but_o because_o the_o committer_n of_o a_o crime_n may_v commit_v the_o like_a therefore_o i_o conclude_v that_o he_o who_o design_v to_o commit_v a_o crime_n shall_v be_v punish_v as_o if_o he_o have_v commit_v it_o if_o he_o be_v only_o let_v by_o accident_n because_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v be_v otherwise_o secure_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v admire_v why_o in_o july_n 1670._o m_o r._n stanfields_n servant_n be_v not_o punish_v with_o death_n for_o endeavour_v to_o burn_v her_o master_n house_n albeit_o she_o be_v apprehend_v before_o any_o prejudice_n be_v do_v but_o i_o will_v here_o add_v as_o a_o caution_n that_o great_a praemeditation_n shall_v be_v prove_v before_o conatus_fw-la be_v punish_v capital_o for_o that_o show_v the_o confirm_a malice_n of_o the_o designer_n and_o be_v equivalent_a as_o to_o he_o to_o success_n 3._o in_o mean_a crime_n where_o the_o effect_n follow_v not_o upon_o the_o design_n but_o be_v hinder_v by_o repentance_n i_o think_v little_a or_o no_o punishment_n shall_v follow_v for_o nihil_fw-la tam_fw-la naturale_fw-la quam_fw-la unum_fw-la quodque_fw-la eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la dissolvi_fw-la quo_fw-la colligatum_fw-la est_fw-la the_o like_a shall_v also_o hold_v where_o the_o design_n be_v take_v up_o in_o passion_n or_o without_o premeditation_n because_o there_o the_o committer_n be_v not_o for_o the_o future_a so_o much_o to_o be_v fear_v but_o this_o subject_n will_v be_v more_o full_o clear_v in_o the_o particular_a subsequent_a title_n for_o in_o some_o crime_n conatus_fw-la or_o endeavour_n be_v more_o punishable_a then_o in_o other_o whether_o what_o tend_v to_o a_o crime_n though_o it_o be_v not_o arrive_v at_o the_o full_a guilt_n requisite_a to_o make_v it_o fall_v express_o under_o the_o statute_n or_o law_n by_o which_o that_o crime_n be_v punish_v to_o which_o it_o approach_v have_v be_v oftentimes_o doubt_v as_o for_o instance_n to_o misconstruct_v his_o majesty_n government_n and_o proceed_n or_o to_o deprave_v his_o law_n be_v express_o declare_v punishable_a by_o death_n by_o the_o 10._o act._n 10._o p._n i._n 6._o whether_o then_o may_v not_o paper_n as_o tend_v to_o misconstruct_v his_o majesty_n proceed_n and_o government_n or_o bear_v insinuation_n which_o may_v raise_v in_o the_o people_n jealousy_n against_o the_o government_n be_v punish_v by_o that_o law_n and_o that_o such_o insinuation_n and_o tendency_n be_v not_o punishable_a criminal_o may_v be_v argue_v thus_o 1._o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o mankind_n to_o know_v express_o what_o they_o be_v to_o obey_v especial_o where_o such_o great_a certification_n be_v annex_v as_o in_o crymes_n 2._o the_o law_n have_v take_v under_o its_o consideration_n this_o guilt_n have_v punish_v the_o actual_a misconstruct_n or_o deprave_v but_o have_v not_o declare_v such_o insinuation_n or_o tendency_n punishable_a &_o in_o statutis_fw-la casus_fw-la omissus_fw-la habetur_fw-la pro_fw-la omisso_fw-la 1._o this_o will_v infallible_o tend_v to_o render_v all_o judge_n arbitrary_a for_o tendency_n and_o insinuation_n be_v in_o effect_n the_o product_n of_o conjectur_n and_o paper_n may_v seem_v innocent_a or_o criminal_a according_a to_o the_o zeal_n or_o humour_n as_o well_o as_o malice_n of_o the_o judger_n man_n be_v natural_o prone_a to_o differ_v in_o such_o consequential_a inference_n and_o too_o apt_a to_o make_v construction_n in_o such_o according_a to_o the_o favour_n or_o malice_n they_o bear_v to_o the_o person_n or_o cause_n be_v not_o some_o man_n apt_a to_o construct_v that_o to_o tend_v to_o their_o dishonour_n which_o be_v design_v for_o their_o honour_n and_o to_o think_v every_o thing_n a_o innovation_n of_o law_n or_o privilege_n which_o check_v their_o inclination_n and_o design_n whereas_o some_o judge_n be_v so_o violent_a in_o their_o loyalty_n as_o to_o imagine_v the_o mean_a mistake_n do_v tend_v to_o a_o opposition_n against_o authority_n and_o thus_o zeal_n jealousy_n malice_n or_o interest_n will_v become_v judge_n if_o tendency_n and_o insinuation_n be_v allow_v to_o be_v crime_n 4._o man_n
reus_fw-la est_fw-la in_o eadem_fw-la conditione_n sed_fw-la qui_fw-la perduellionis_fw-la reus_fw-la est_fw-la hostili_fw-la animo_fw-la adversus_fw-la rem_fw-la publicam_fw-la vel_fw-la principem_fw-la animatus_fw-la so_o that_o the_o infallible_a mark_n of_o perduellion_n be_v hostilis_fw-la animus_n a_o design_n of_o raise_v arms._n and_o therefore_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o not_o only_o statutory_a treason_n be_v extinguish_v by_o death_n but_o that_o even_o simple_a conceal_n and_o not_o reveal_v or_o a_o malicious_a design_n to_o poison_v the_o king_n and_o such_o other_o treason_n as_o show_v not_o a_o desire_n of_o rise_v in_o arm_n be_v likewise_o extinguish_v by_o death_n and_o yet_o the_o basil._n l._n 12._o h._n t._n say_v that_o all_o the_o head_n of_o treason_n be_v extinguish_v by_o death_n excepto_fw-la capite_fw-la proditionis_fw-la &_o insidiarum_fw-la contra_fw-la principem_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d albeit_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o defunct_a traitor_n be_v ordinary_o take_v up_o and_o bring_v to_o the_o panel_n in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o nature_n as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o forefaultur_n of_o the_o laird_n of_o restalrig_n yet_o this_o be_v not_o necessary_a but_o it_o be_v necessary_a in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o nature_n that_o the_o defunct_n near_o of_o kin_n be_v call_v as_o defender_n for_o their_o interest_n both_o because_o their_o estate_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o they_o by_o their_o forefaultur_n and_o to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v defend_v the_o defunct_a and_o object_n both_o against_o the_o relevancy_n of_o the_o libel_n and_o the_o hability_n of_o the_o witness_n and_o therefore_o the_o basilick_n add_v very_o well_o that_o haereditas_fw-la publicatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la crimen_fw-la ab_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la purgetur_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o since_o the_o forefault_a after_o death_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o that_o the_o former_a act_n bear_v express_o that_o these_o pursuit_n may_v be_v intend_v conform_v to_o the_o common_a law_n if_o these_o pursuit_n shall_v not_o prescrive_v with_o we_o in_o five_o year_n as_o they_o do_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o it_o will_v appear_v they_o shall_v since_o these_o pursuit_n be_v intent_a conform_v to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o quem_fw-la sequitur_fw-la commodum_fw-la eum_fw-la dâ—bet_fw-la sequi_fw-la incommodum_fw-la the_o six_o privilege_n of_o treason_n be_v that_o the_o king_n advocate_n be_v to_o be_v the_o last_o speaker_n to_o the_o assize_n in_o perduellion_n though_o in_o other_o case_n the_o pannel_n advocat_n be_v to_o be_v last_o speaker_n and_o the_o last_o speaker_n have_v much_o advantage_n for_o he_o may_v answer_v all_o be_v allege_v by_o the_o opponent_n art_n 11._o regulation_n 1670._o xxiii_o the_o last_o privilege_n of_o treason_n be_v that_o albeit_o of_o old_a no_o person_n can_v be_v condemn_v in_o absence_n by_o the_o justice_n yet_o the_o parliament_n still_o can_v have_v proceed_v against_o traitor_n in_o absence_n and_o now_o by_o a_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v find_v that_o in_o the_o case_n of_o perduellion_n and_o of_o treasonable_a rise_n in_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n authority_n the_o justice_n may_v proceed_v to_o the_o receive_n of_o probation_n and_o pronounce_v of_o sentence_n even_o in_o absence_n of_o the_o party_n which_o be_v first_o propound_v as_o a_o querie_n to_o the_o council_n they_o remit_v the_o same_o to_o the_o session_n to_o who_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n give_v in_o the_o follow_a reason_n and_o query_n upon_o the_o 15._o august_n 1667._o whether_o or_o not_o a_o person_n guilty_a of_o high_a treason_n may_v be_v pursue_v before_o the_o justice_n albeit_o they_o be_v absent_a and_o contumacious_a so_o that_o the_o justice_n upon_o citation_n and_o sufficient_a probation_n and_o evidence_n may_v pronounce_v sentence_n and_o doom_n of_o forefaultur_n if_o the_o ditty_n be_v prove_v the_o reason_n of_o scruple_n be_v that_o process_n of_o forefaultur_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_a and_o that_o in_o other_o ordinary_a crime_n the_o defender_n if_o they_o do_v not_o appear_v be_v declare_v fugitive_n and_o that_o the_o follow_a reason_n appear_v to_o be_v strong_a and_o relevant_a for_o the_o affirmative_a 1._o by_o the_o common_a law_n albeit_o a_o party_n absent_a can_v be_v condemn_v for_o a_o crime_n yet_o in_o treason_n which_o be_v crimen_fw-la exceptum_fw-la this_o be_v a_o speciality_n that_o absent_v may_v be_v proceed_v against_o and_o sentence_v 2._o by_o the_o first_o act_n of_o king_n james_n the_o 5_o his_o 6._o parliament_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o king_n have_v good_a cause_n and_o action_n to_o pursue_v all_o summons_n of_o treason_n commit_v against_o his_o person_n and_o commonwealth_n conform_v to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o good_a equity_n and_o reason_n notwithstanding_o there_o be_v no_o special_a law_n act_n or_o provision_n make_v thereupon_o and_o therefore_o see_v by_o the_o common_a law_n person_n guilty_a of_o laese_n majesty_n may_v be_v proceed_v against_o and_o sentence_v though_o they_o be_v absent_a it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n why_o the_o justice_n shall_v proceed_v against_o and_o sentence_n person_n guilty_a of_o treason_n though_o absent_a and_o that_o he_o be_v sufficient_o warrant_v by_o the_o say_a act_n so_o to_o do_v 3._o it_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o law_n equity_n and_o reason_n that_o a_o person_n guilty_a of_o treason_n shall_v be_v in_o a_o better_a case_n and_o his_o majesty_n in_o a_o worse_o by_o the_o contumacy_n of_o a_o traitor_n the_o same_o be_v a_o addition_n if_o any_o can_v be_v add_v to_o so_o high_a a_o crime_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v impunity_n and_o his_o majesty_n prejudge_v of_o the_o casuality_n arise_v to_o he_o by_o his_o forefaultur_n 4._o the_o parliament_n be_v in_o use_n to_o proceed_v and_o pronounce_v doom_n of_o forefaultur_n though_o the_o party_n be_v absent_a and_o in_o so_o do_v they_o do_v not_o proceed_v in_o and_o by_o a_o legislative_a power_n but_o as_o the_o supreme_a judge_n and_o the_o parliament_n be_v the_o fountain_n of_o justice_n what_o be_v just_a before_o they_o be_v just_a and_o warrantable_a before_o other_o judicatories_n in_o the_o like_a case_n 5._o by_o the_o abovementioned_a act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v statute_n that_o summon_v and_o process_n of_o treason_n may_v be_v intent_a and_o pursue_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o delinquent_n either_o his_o memory_n or_o estate_n delate_v the_o one_o and_o forefault_v the_o other_o whereupon_o sentence_n may_v follow_v to_o the_o effect_n foresay_a and_o therefore_o see_v sentence_n may_v follow_v when_o the_o delinquent_n can_v be_v present_a and_o be_v not_o in_o be_v it_o be_v against_o all_o reason_n that_o when_o they_o be_v wilful_o and_o contumacious_o absent_a they_o shall_v not_o be_v proceed_v against_o and_o sentence_v if_o they_o be_v guilty_a and_o it_o be_v unjust_a that_o his_o majesty_n shall_v call_v a_o parliament_n for_o punish_v and_o forefault_v of_o person_n be_v absent_a or_o that_o he_o shall_v wait_v till_o they_o die_v especial_o see_v in_o the_o interim_n the_o probation_n may_v perish_v by_o decease_n of_o the_o witness_n follow_v the_o lord_n of_o session_n their_o opinion_n edinburgh_n the_o 26._o of_o february_n 1667._o the_o lord_n of_o council_n and_o session_n have_v consider_v the_o query_n above-written_a present_v to_o they_o by_o the_o lord_n bellenden_n his_o majesty_n thesaurer_n depute_v it_o be_v their_o opinion_n that_o upon_o the_o justice_n citation_n and_o sufficient_a probation_n take_v before_o they_o the_o judge_n and_o assize_n may_v proceed_v and_o pronounce_v sentence_n thereintil_o and_o forefaulter_v against_o the_o person_n guilty_a of_o high_a treason_n though_o they_o be_v absent_a and_o contumacious_a sic_fw-la subscribitur_fw-la io._n gilmore_n i._n p._n d._n upon_o this_o the_o parliament_n ratify_v the_o process_n lead_v against_o these_o person_n and_o by_o the_o 11._o act_n parl._n 2._o ch._n 2._o ses._n 1._o it_o be_v statute_v that_o rise_v in_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n authority_n may_v be_v pursue_v before_o and_o judge_v by_o the_o justice_n but_o the_o parliament_n retain_v still_o a_o power_n cumulative_a with_o the_o justice_n and_o when_o process_n of_o treason_n be_v intent_a before_o they_o they_o may_v proceed_v as_o former_o and_o think_v this_o last_o act_n a_o great_a innovation_n of_o all_o our_o law_n nor_o be_v it_o imaginable_a but_o that_o if_o it_o have_v be_v safe_a that_o that_o privilege_n will_v have_v be_v grant_v to_o his_o majesty_n former_o and_o that_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v clear_a per_fw-la l._n 1._o &_o l._n penult_n ff_n de_fw-fr requirendis_fw-la eris_fw-la nam_fw-la annotabantur_fw-la bona_fw-la &_o si_fw-la reus_fw-la post_fw-la anum_fw-la non_fw-la comparuerit_fw-la &_o satis_fw-la dederit_fw-la de_fw-la stando_fw-la non_fw-la recuperabit_fw-la
punishable_a by_o death_n cap._n 8._o parl._n 3_o i._o 5._o ii_o but_o since_o design_n and_o dolus_fw-la be_v act_n of_o the_o mind_n therefore_o they_o be_v infer_v from_o presumption_n and_o what_o presumption_n be_v necessary_a in_o this_o case_n be_v very_o well_o relate_v by_o far._n quest_n 110._o cap._n 2._o and_o john_n meldrum_n be_v execute_v upon_o presumption_n 2_o aug._n 1633._o where_o he_o be_v pursue_v for_o burn_v the_o house_n of_o frendrick_n the_o only_a presumption_n adduce_v against_o he_o be_v great_a threaten_n capital_a enmity_n his_o contradict_a himself_o in_o his_o own_o examination_n common_a brute_n and_o open_a fame_n that_o he_o be_v the_o burner_n but_o i_o think_v that_o case_n very_o hard_o and_o not_o to_o be_v draw_v in_o consequence_n for_o though_o the_o dolus_fw-la and_o design_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o presumption_n because_o that_o be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n yet_o the_o burn_a itself_o be_v a_o external_a act_n shall_v only_o be_v prove_v by_o witness_n and_o confession_n 2._o see_v probatio_fw-la praesumptiva_fw-la be_v but_o fiâ—titiâ—_n it_o be_v hard_a to_o allow_v both_o thâ—_n burn_v itself_o and_o quo_fw-la animo_fw-la the_o fire_n be_v raise_v to_o be_v prove_v by_o presumption_n against_o that_o common_a rule_n in_o law_n that_o dvae_fw-la fictiones_fw-la non_fw-la cadunt_fw-la in_o candem_fw-la rem_fw-la 3._o lawyer_n be_v positive_a that_o dolus_fw-la debet_fw-la possit_fw-la probari_fw-la manifest_a bertez_n consil_n 322._o iii_o it_o be_v doubt_v among_o the_o doctor_n whether_o he_o that_o burn_v his_o own_o house_n may_v be_v punish_v as_o incendiarius_fw-la since_o quilibet_fw-la est_fw-la rei_fw-la sua_fw-la arbyter_n and_o dominion_n be_v define_v to_o be_v the_o use_n of_o any_o thing_n as_o we_o think_v fit_a but_o since_o fire-raising_a be_v ofttimes_o punish_v not_o only_o for_o the_o prejudice_n it_o have_v do_v sed_fw-la quia_fw-la flamma_fw-la potuit_fw-la longius_fw-la è_fw-la vagari_fw-la therefore_o fire-raising_a shall_v be_v punish_v in_o this_o case_n and_o as_o it_o be_v not_o presumable_a that_o any_o man_n will_v burn_v his_o own_o without_o design_n so_o if_o this_o be_v not_o punish_v man_n may_v upon_o the_o pretext_n of_o burn_v their_o own_o waste_n and_o destroy_v their_o own_o and_o ruin_v their_o neighbouss_n and_o he_o may_v very_o well_o be_v presume_v to_o have_v have_v a_o design_n against_o his_o neighbour_n but_o though_o the_o immediate_a dominion_n belong_v to_o private_a person_n yet_o the_o king_n have_v also_o a_o interest_n &_o dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la and_o as_o no_o man_n can_v kill_v himself_o lawful_o so_o neither_o can_v he_o burn_v his_o own_o house_n except_o he_o can_v instruct_v that_o he_o do_v the_o same_o upon_o a_o just_a and_o reasonable_a cause_n iv._o the_o punishment_n of_o fire-raising_a by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v various_a and_o suitable_a to_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o the_o crime_n for_o raiser_n of_o fire_n within_o a_o town_n be_v burn_v alive_a those_o who_o burn_v corn_n beside_o house_n be_v bind_v and_o beat_v and_o then_o burn_v but_o not_o burn_v quick_a as_o we_o speak_v lex_fw-la 28._o parag_v incendiarii_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la but_o the_o burn_a of_o a_o house_n or_o village_n be_v not_o so_o high_o punish_v and_o clarus_n quest._n 68_o think_v that_o the_o statutory_a pain_n of_o fire-raising_a if_o it_o be_v capital_a shall_v not_o take_v place_n in_o small_a fire-raising_a but_o since_o a_o small_a spark_n may_v kindle_v a_o great_a fire_n this_o conclusion_n seem_v very_o unwarrantable_a if_o the_o fire_n be_v design_o raise_v v._o according_a to_o our_o law_n the_o burn_a of_o folk_n in_o their_o house_n and_o corn_n and_o wilful_a fire-raising_a be_v treason_n and_o laese_n majesty_n ja._n 5._o p._n 3._o cap._n 8._o from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o the_o particle_n and_o be_v not_o here_o copulative_a but_o a_o disjunctive_a for_o either_o of_o these_o case_n viz._n the_o burn_a of_o corn_n be_v per_fw-la se_fw-la treason_n 2._o it_o be_v observable_a that_o all_o fire-raising_a be_v not_o treason_n though_o the_o rubric_n of_o the_o act_n bear_v that_o all_o fire-raising_a be_v treason_n which_o may_v be_v conclude_v by_o these_o reason_n 1._o that_o all_o punishment_n shall_v be_v commensurat_fw-la to_o the_o delict_n and_o crime_n which_o be_v punish_v and_o therefore_o since_o fire-raisings_a be_v very_o various_a it_o be_v unjust_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v all_o equal_o punish_v especial_o the_o punishment_n here_o be_v treason_n which_o be_v too_o severe_a for_o burn_a peets_n in_o a_o moss_n or_o a_o little_a cottage_n stand_v in_o a_o moor_n where_o the_o guilt_n be_v so_o small_a that_o the_o offender_n in_o these_o case_n shall_v be_v capital_o punish_v and_o in_o a_o case_n pursue_v against_o mackenzie_n of_o suddie_n upon_o the_o 29._o july_n 1693._o for_o burn_a some_o fuel_n stand_v upon_o a_o moor_n the_o justice_n will_v not_o sustain_v this_o as_o treason_n 2._o if_o all_o fire-raising_a be_v by_o this_o act_n treason_n there_o need_v not_o a_o posterior_n act_n have_v be_v make_v cap._n 146._o p._n 12._o ja._n 6._o declare_v that_o wilful_a fire-raising_a in_o coal-heughs_a upon_o malice_n and_o despite_n be_v punishable_a as_o treason_n 3._o by_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o k._n ja._n 5._o it_o need_v not_o to_o have_v be_v say_v that_o the_o burn_a of_o folk_n in_o their_o house_n and_o the_o burn_a of_o house_n and_o corn_n shall_v be_v treason_n if_o general_o all_o fire-raising_a be_v treason_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n then_o of_o that_o act_n we_o must_v consider_v that_o there_o be_v three_o several_a species_n of_o fire-raising_a declare_v to_o be_v treason_n by_o that_o act_n the_o first_o be_v the_o burn_a folk_n in_o their_o house_n which_o must_v be_v interpret_v likewise_o to_o be_v the_o burn_a of_o dwelling_v house_n though_o the_o people_n be_v not_o accidental_o there_o or_o be_v possible_o there_o and_o escape_v which_o species_n of_o fire-raising_a be_v most_o severe_o punish_v both_o because_o fire-raising_a be_v of_o all_o other_o the_o most_o horrid_a &_o domus_fw-la sua_fw-la est_fw-la unicuique_fw-la tutissimum_fw-la refugium_fw-la and_o because_o ordinary_o the_o burn_a of_o all_o the_o person_n dwell_v in_o the_o house_n be_v thereby_o design_v as_o well_o as_o the_o burn_a the_o house_n itself_o the_o second_o species_n be_v the_o burn_a house_n and_o corn_n which_o be_v suitable_a to_o the_o foresay_a 28._o law_n ff_n de_fw-fr poenis_fw-la where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o qui_fw-la acervum_fw-la frumenti_fw-la juxta_fw-la aedes_fw-la positum_fw-la combusserit_fw-la vinctus_fw-la verberatusque_fw-la igne_fw-la necatur_fw-la the_o three_o species_n be_v wilful_a fire-raising_a which_o differ_v in_o this_o from_o burn_v that_o burn_v be_v of_o a_o particular_a place_n with_o design_n to_o destroy_v no_o more_o but_o fire-raising_a be_v the_o burn_a a_o particular_a place_n with_o design_n to_o burn_v more_o as_o to_o kindle_v a_o little_a corn_n upon_o design_n to_o burn_v the_o whole_a field_n vi_o the_o other_o act_n make_v the_o burn_a of_o coal-heughs_a to_o be_v treason_n be_v practise_v upon_o john_n henry_n 14._o june_n 1615._o who_o be_v hang_v thereupon_o and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o law_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o favourableness_n of_o that_o manufactory_a which_o some_o do_v ruin_n by_o put_v fire_n in_o they_o which_o be_v so_o easy_a that_o nothing_o can_v defend_v against_o it_o but_o the_o severity_n of_o such_o a_o law_n as_o this_o and_o upon_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o hazard_n which_o do_v arise_v by_o such_o fire_n as_o this_o which_o can_v never_o be_v quench_v when_o once_o kindle_v vii_o i_o be_v once_o consult_v whether_o the_o drown_n of_o coal-heughs_a be_v treason_n by_o this_o act_n since_o erat_fw-la eadem_fw-la ratio_fw-la utrobique_fw-la but_o i_o think_v not_o because_o penal_a law_n especial_o in_o which_o the_o punishment_n be_v so_o severe_a as_o treason_n shall_v not_o be_v extend_v as_o be_v elsewhere_o large_o debate_v and_o the_o hazard_n of_o drown_v a_o coal-heugh_a be_v not_o equal_a to_o the_o burn_a of_o it_o for_o drown_v can_v be_v easy_o remove_v and_o can_v spread_v so_o far_o viii_o so_o odious_a be_v this_o crime_n that_o it_o be_v express_o provide_v it_o shall_v be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o point_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o so_o can_v only_o be_v cognosce_v by_o the_o justice_n and_o all_o remission_n grant_v for_o fire-raising_a be_v declare_v null_n but_o this_o last_o be_v not_o in_o viridi_fw-la observantia_fw-la and_o fire-raising_a be_v include_v in_o the_o earl_n of_o caithness_n remission_n it_o be_v sustain_v though_o their_o act_n be_v object_v ix_o if_o dole_n and_o design_n can_v be_v prove_v in_o the_o fire-raising_a so_o that_o it_o be_v accidental_a sed_fw-la si_fw-la culpa_fw-la incendio_fw-la
dalkeith_n he_o immediate_o distract_v which_o article_n be_v likewise_o find_v relevant_a be_v join_v with_o fame_n and_o dilation_n which_o decision_n be_v in_o my_o opinion_n very_o dangerous_a for_o they_o want_v a_o sure_a foundation_n and_o be_v precedent_n whereby_o judge_n may_v become_v very_o arbitrary_a and_o against_o these_o i_o may_v oppone_v a_o three_o alledgiance_n use_v in_o the_o former_a process_n against_o agnes_n finnie_n wherein_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o conclusion_n of_o all_o criminal_a libel_n shall_v be_v necessary_o infer_v from_o the_o deed_n subsume_v and_o that_o conclusio_fw-la semper_fw-la sequitur_fw-la debiliorem_fw-la partem_fw-la nam_fw-la libellus_fw-la est_fw-la syllogismus_fw-la apodicticus_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la probabilis_fw-la and_o therefore_o except_o the_o libel_n can_v condescend_v upon_o some_o mean_v use_v by_o the_o panel_n from_o which_o the_o malefice_fw-la be_v necessary_o infer_v it_o can_v not_o be_v conclude_v that_o these_o malefice_n be_v do_v by_o she_o or_o that_o she_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o wrong_n do_v thus_o bodin_n lib._n 4._o do_v conclude_v that_o veneficae_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la condemnandae_fw-la licet_fw-la sint_fw-la deprehensae_fw-la cum_fw-la bufonibus_fw-la ossibus_fw-la aliisque_fw-la instrumentis_fw-la egredientes_fw-la exovili_fw-la licet_fw-la oves_fw-la immediate_a moriantur_fw-la and_o perkins_n cap._n 6._o assert_n that_o neither_o defamation_n nor_o threaten_n albeit_o what_o be_v threaten_v do_v follow_v nor_o mala_fw-la fama_fw-la nor_o the_o defunct_n lay_v the_o blame_n of_o their_o death_n upon_o the_o person_n accuse_v call_v inculpatio_fw-la by_o the_o doctor_n can_v infer_v this_o crime_n though_o all_o these_o be_v conjoin_v for_o in_o his_o opinion_n nothing_o can_v be_v a_o sufficient_a ground_n to_o condemn_v a_o witch_n except_o the_o panel_n own_o confession_n or_o the_o deposition_n of_o two_o famous_a witness_n depon_v upon_o mean_n use_v by_o the_o panel_n and_o it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o in_o the_o chapter_n immediate_o subsequent_a to_o that_o wherein_o witch_n be_v ordinary_o to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n god_n have_v express_o ordain_v that_o out_o of_o the_o mouth_n of_o two_o or_o three_o witness_n every_o word_n shall_v be_v establish_v and_o in_o the_o process_n deduce_v against_o isobel_n young_a for_o witchcraft_n feb._n 4._o 1629._o and_o against_o katherine_n oswald_n novemb_n 11._o 1629._o this_o point_n be_v likewise_o debate_v it_o be_v libel_v against_o the_o say_a katherine_n that_o by_o her_o witchcraft_n she_o cause_v a_o cow_n give_v blood_n instead_o of_o milk_n and_o cause_v a_o woman_n fall_v and_o break_v a_o rib_n in_o her_o side_n against_o which_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o there_o be_v no_o necessary_a connexion_n there_o inter_fw-la terminum_fw-la à _fw-la quo_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la quem_fw-la inter_fw-la causam_fw-la &_o effectum_fw-la but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o cow_n give_v blood_n for_o milk_n may_v proceed_v from_o another_o natural_a cause_n viz._n from_o lie_v upon_o a_o ant_n or_o emmot_n hill_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v that_o because_o we_o know_v not_o what_o virtue_n may_v be_v in_o herb_n stone_n or_o other_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v apply_v it_o be_v very_o hard_o to_o find_v cure_v perform_v by_o the_o application_n of_o these_o without_o the_o use_v charm_n or_o spell_n to_o be_v witchcraft_n but_o when_o these_o outward_a application_n be_v use_v to_o do_v hurt_v as_o for_o instance_n if_o the_o say_v margaret_n wallace_n be_v at_o enmity_n with_o john_n clark_n and_o after_o she_o be_v forbid_v to_o frequent_v his_o house_n do_v continue_v to_o frequent_v the_o same_o and_o do_v throw_v in_o blood_n or_o any_o unusual_a thing_n upon_o his_o wife_n pap_n if_o the_o child_n who_o suck_v the_o same_o have_v thereafter_o die_v i_o think_v this_o article_n join_v with_o precede_a defamation_n of_o she_o by_o another_o witch_n may_v have_v be_v find_v relevant_a because_o she_o be_v there_o in_o re_fw-mi illicita_fw-la and_o since_o the_o law_n can_v know_v exact_o what_o efficacy_n there_o be_v in_o natural_a cause_n it_o may_v very_o well_o discharge_v any_o such_o superstitious_a forbid_a act_n as_o it_o please_v under_o the_o pain_n of_o witchcraft_n nor_o can_v these_o who_o be_v accuse_v complain_v of_o severity_n since_o sibi_fw-la imputent_fw-la that_o use_v these_o forbid_a thing_n against_o the_o express_a commandment_n of_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o since_o the_o law_n and_o practic_n have_v forbid_v all_o charm_n it_o be_v most_o just_a that_o these_o who_o use_v the_o same_o shall_v be_v severe_o punish_v whatever_o the_o pretext_n be_v upon_o which_o they_o be_v use_v or_o after_o whatever_o way_n or_o manner_n or_o to_o whatever_o end_n whether_o good_a or_o bad_a x._o albeit_o per_n leg_n 4._o cod._n de_fw-fr mal_fw-fr &_o math._n these_o magic_a art_n be_v only_o condemn_v which_o tend_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o mankind_n but_o not_o these_o whereby_o man_n be_v cure_v or_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o ground_n preserve_v yet_o i_o have_v ofttimes_o impute_v this_o constitution_n to_o tribonian_a who_o be_v a_o pagan_a and_o a_o severe_a enemy_n to_o christian_n or_o else_o that_o it_o behove_v to_o be_v so_o interpret_v or_o that_o thereby_o remedy_n assist_v by_o godly_a prayer_n be_v allow_v else_o what_o mean_v these_o word_n suffragia_fw-la innocenter_n adhibita_fw-la but_o since_o i_o be_o inform_v from_o the_o ecclesiastic_a historian_n as_o zozim_n lib._n 2._o that_o constantine_n be_v not_o yet_o turn_v christian_n when_o he_o pass_v that_o constitution_n but_o however_o this_o constitution_n be_v omit_v in_o the_o basilicks_n and_o the_o gloss_n say_v that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o repurgation_n of_o the_o law_n and_o that_o constitution_n be_v very_o well_o reprobat_fw-la by_o leo_n 65._o novel_a and_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n tit_n de_fw-fr sorti-legiis_a and_o the_o general_a sanction_n of_o the_o former_a act_n of_o parliament_n leave_v no_o place_n for_o this_o distinction_n suitable_a to_o all_o which_o john_n brough_n be_v convict_v for_o witchcraft_n in_o anno_fw-la 1643._o for_o cure_v beast_n by_o cast_v white_a stone_n in_o water_n and_o sprinkle_v they_o therewith_o and_o for_o cure_v woman_n by_o wash_v their_o foot_n with_o south-running_a water_n and_o put_v odd_a money_n in_o the_o water_n several_a other_o instance_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o process_n lead_v in_o anno_fw-la 1661._o and_o the_o instance_n of_o drummond_n be_v very_o remarkable_a who_o be_v burn_v for_o perform_v many_o miraculous_a cure_n albeit_o no_o malefice_fw-la be_v ever_o prove_v xi_o consult_v with_o witch_n be_v a_o relevant_a ditty_n with_o we_o as_o be_v find_v against_o alison_n jolly_a per._n octob._n 1596._o and_o this_o be_v found_v upon_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o act._n the_o profess_v likewise_o skill_n in_o necromancy_n or_o any_o such_o craft_n be_v by_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o parliament_n a_o relevant_a article_n for_o the_o full_a clear_n of_o which_o act_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o know_v that_o divination_n be_v either_o per_fw-la daemono-mantiam_a the_o invocation_n of_o pagan_a god_n or_o nanganiam_fw-la which_o be_v the_o prophesy_v for_o invocation_n of_o some_o sublunary_a thing_n mangania_n be_v divide_v in_o necromantiam_fw-la which_o be_v a_o prophesy_v by_o depart_a spirit_n udromantiam_fw-la which_o be_v a_o divination_n by_o water_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o species_n and_o kind_n of_o divination_n by_o any_o thing_n be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o general_a prohibition_n of_o necromancy_n and_o such_o like_a act_n so_o that_o prediction_n and_o response_n by_o the_o sieve_n and_o the_o shears_n and_o by_o the_o book_n and_o all_o such_o cheat_n and_o species_n of_o sorcery_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n in_o this_o act_n yet_o these_o forbid_a practice_n may_v sometime_o be_v excuse_v by_o ignorance_n or_o if_o it_o can_v be_v clear_v by_o circumstance_n that_o the_o user_n design_v nothing_o but_o a_o innocent_a jest_n or_o recreation_n delrio_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 1._o quaest_n 4._o xii_o the_o last_o article_n in_o criminal_a libel_n use_v ordinary_o to_o be_v the_o be_v delate_a by_o other_o witch_n which_o the_o doctor_n call_n diffamatio_fw-la and_o we_o common_a bruit_n and_o open_a fame_n which_o be_v never_o sustain_v as_o relevant_a per_fw-la se_fw-la but_o only_o join_v with_o other_o relevant_a article_n as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o foresay_a process_n of_o margaret_n hutchison_n though_o i_o think_v that_o interlocutor_fw-la very_o severe_a since_o if_o any_o of_o the_o former_a article_n be_v per_fw-la se_fw-la relevant_a they_o need_v not_o the_o assistance_n of_o fame_n and_o delation_n sometime_o likewise_o but_o with_o much_o more_o reason_n article_n that_o be_v of_o themselves_o irrelevant_a be_v sustain_v relevant_a be_v join_v with_o fame_n and_o delation_n a_o example_n whereof_o be_v to_o be_v
who_o be_v repute_v accessary_a in_o this_o crime_n and_o how_o punish_v i._o parricide_n be_v a_o crime_n which_o be_v commit_v by_o kill_v our_o parent_n against_o which_o solon_n refuse_v to_o make_v any_o law_n lest_o he_o shall_v by_o forbid_v it_o teach_v the_o people_n it_o be_v possible_a by_o the_o civil_a law_n parricide_n be_v commit_v by_o kill_a ascendant_n or_o descendants_n in_o any_o degree_n or_o collateral_n to_o the_o four_o degree_n the_o kill_v likewise_o of_o wife_n husband_n or_o patron_n be_v parricide_n by_o that_o law_n l._n 1._o ff_n h._n t._n ii_o with_o we_o parricide_n be_v by_o the_o statute_n 220._o ja._n 6_o par._n 14._o punish_v only_o in_o he_o who_o kill_v his_o father_n mother_n good-sir_n or_o good-dame_n and_o these_o be_v by_o that_o act_n ordain_v to_o be_v disherish_v and_o their_o posterity_n in_o linea_fw-la recta_fw-la be_v incapable_a of_o succeed_v to_o the_o person_n kill_v but_o the_o succession_n be_v devolve_v upon_o the_o next_o collateral_a or_o near_a of_o blood_n the_o person_n guilty_a be_v convict_v by_o a_o assize_n from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o statute_n be_v not_o exclusive_a of_o other_o punishment_n but_o suppose_v that_o parricide_n be_v capital_o punishable_a according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n for_o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o think_v the_o punishment_n here_o relate_v shall_v be_v the_o only_a punishment_n by_o which_o parricide_n can_v be_v reach_v and_o woman_n for_o murder_v their_o child_n be_v frequent_o either_o hang_v or_o head_v as_o other_o murderer_n 2._o this_o act_n reach_v only_o such_o as_o be_v convict_v by_o a_o assize_n and_o therefore_o january_n 1664._o it_o be_v find_v that_o sir_n james_n oliphant_n be_v declare_v fugitive_n for_o kill_v his_o mother_n but_o not_o convict_v by_o a_o assize_n his_o estate_n can_v not_o be_v gift_v by_o the_o king_n and_o in_o effect_n though_o he_o have_v be_v find_v guilty_a by_o a_o assize_n he_o can_v not_o have_v be_v forefault_v for_o the_o near_a collateral_a will_v seclude_v the_o fisk._n it_o be_v likewise_o find_v in_o that_o case_n that_o the_o son_n can_v not_o be_v forefault_v as_o have_v murder_v his_o mother_n under_z trust_v for_o they_o find_v that_o not_o to_o be_v the_o murder_n which_o be_v declare_v treason_n by_o the_o 11._o par._n cap._n 51._o ja._n 6._o for_o the_o trust_n there_o mention_v be_v when_o such_o as_o come_v under_o the_o trust_n of_o other_o be_v person_n who_o will_v not_o have_v come_v within_o their_o reach_n without_o special_a assurance_n of_o indemnity_n and_o protection_n and_o it_o be_v relate_v as_o a_o receive_a tradition_n among_o we_o that_o this_o act_n be_v first_o make_v upon_o mackdonald_a his_o kill_v the_o laird_n of_o mack-clane_a who_o come_v to_o lodge_v with_o he_o upon_o such_o assurance_n notwithstanding_o of_o the_o feid_n which_o be_v among_o they_o it_o be_v likewise_o improper_a to_o say_v that_o the_o mother_n be_v under_o the_o power_n and_o assurance_n of_o the_o son_n and_o if_o the_o power_n and_o assurance_n betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n can_v fall_v under_o that_o act_n par._n 11._o ja._n 6._o this_o act_n have_v be_v unnecessar_n and_o there_o can_v have_v be_v no_o place_n for_o the_o pain_n therein_o contain_v for_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o traitor_n belong_v to_o the_o fisk_n and_o not_o to_o the_o near_a collateral_a iii_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o this_o act_n shall_v be_v extend_v to_o parent_n kill_v their_o child_n and_o albeit_o the_o statute_n do_v not_o in_o terminis_fw-la express_a descendant_n yet_o it_o be_v probable_a they_o may_v fall_v under_o its_o sanction_n even_o as_o the_o foresay_a text_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v extend_v to_o equal_a degree_n with_o these_o express_v ob_fw-la paritatem_fw-la rationis_fw-la and_o by_o that_o law_n the_o kill_n of_o ascendant_n or_o descendants_n be_v parricide_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o rubric_n of_o this_o act_n run_v general_o against_o parricide_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v deny_v but_o parricide_n be_v commit_v by_o mother_n against_o their_o child_n and_o woman_n daily_o be_v convict_v thereof_o whether_o the_o foresay_a statute_n against_o parricide_n can_v be_v extend_v to_o degree_n of_o affinity_n as_o well_o as_o degree_n of_o consanguinity_n so_o that_o to_o kill_v a_o father-in-law_n may_v be_v punish_v as_o parricide_n as_o well_o as_o the_o kill_a a_o father_n may_v be_v doubt_v but_o i_o conceive_v it_o extend_v not_o to_o degree_n of_o affinity_n because_o 1._o law_n against_o crime_n shall_v not_o be_v extend_v 2._o the_o statute_n discharge_v father_n brother_n or_o son_n to_o judge_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o relation_n be_v not_o extend_v to_o brothers-in-law_n &_o c._n though_o that_o extension_n will_v be_v more_o favourable_a 3._o some_o of_o these_o relation_n in_o this_o statute_n can_v in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n be_v extend_v to_o degree_n of_o affinity_n for_o we_o say_v not_o good-sir_n or_o good-dame_n in_o law_n and_o albeit_o §_o 6._o just_a the_o publ_n judic_fw-la use_v the_o word_n adfinitatis_fw-la in_o this_o crime_n yet_o theoph._n in_o his_o greek_a instit_n eod_n §_o express_v the_o same_o by_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v affectionis_fw-la &_o non_fw-la adfiniâ—atis_fw-la and_o with_o theophil_n agree_v 36._o eclog._n tit_n 40_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o this_o show_v advantage_n by_o the_o greek_a lawyer_n iv._o whether_o it_o do_v extend_v to_o bastard_n may_v be_v doubt_v for_o though_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o since_o they_o know_v their_o mother_n it_o may_v be_v therefore_o extend_v against_o they_o if_o they_o kill_v she_o or_o she_o they_o yet_o since_o their_o father_n be_v uncertain_a nam_fw-la sunt_fw-la vulgo_fw-la quaesiti_fw-la &_o patrem_fw-la demonstrare_fw-la nequeunt_fw-la and_o since_o they_o have_v no_o advantage_n by_o their_o father_n in_o law_n it_o be_v hard_o the_o law_n shall_v punish_v they_o as_o parricide_n but_o yet_o lawyer_n conclude_v they_o may_v be_v punish_v for_o paricid_n allex._n ad_fw-la lib._n 2._o the_o injur_n voc_fw-la and_o since_o this_o be_v a_o crime_n against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o may_v be_v punish_v in_o bastard_n who_o be_v natural_a child_n v._o this_o crime_n extend_v not_o to_o movable_n by_o the_o act_n but_o by_o our_o law_n wherever_o the_o law_n punish_v by_o death_n it_o imply_v confiscation_n for_o movable_n follow_v still_o the_o person_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o france_n from_o which_o we_o have_v borrow_v this_o and_o many_o other_o thing_n qui_fw-la confisque_fw-la le_fw-fr corpse_n confisque_fw-fr les_fw-fr biens_fw-fr it_o be_v probable_a that_o upon_o this_o act_n even_o absent_v may_v be_v convict_v of_o this_o crime_n as_o the_o lord_n then_o think_v if_o the_o certification_n of_o the_o letter_n have_v bear_v the_o penalty_n here_o express_v for_o albeit_o probation_n can_v be_v lead_v in_o absence_n of_o the_o party_n to_o fix_v a_o crime_n upon_o he_o yet_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o civil_a effect_n which_o strike_v not_o against_o the_o person_n of_o the_o committer_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n also_o all_o murderer_n be_v debar_v from_o succeed_v to_o such_o who_o they_o murder_v l._n cum_fw-la ratio_fw-la §_o sin_n ff_n de_fw-fr bonis_fw-la damnat_fw-la which_o be_v yet_o observe_v in_o france_n but_o though_o with_o we_o there_o be_v no_o contrary_a decision_n yet_o with_o we_o they_o be_v not_o debar_v and_o see_v this_o pain_n be_v only_o statute_v in_o the_o case_n of_o parricide_n we_o may_v by_o a_o natural_a consequence_n conclude_v that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v extend_v to_o ordinary_a murder_n vi_o by_o the_o act_n 20._o parliament_n 1._o ses._n 1._o ch._n 2._o beat_v or_o curse_v of_o parent_n be_v declare_v to_o have_v be_v punishable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n with_o death_n and_o therefore_o ordain_v that_o whatsoever_o son_n or_o daughter_n above_o the_o age_n of_o sixteen_o and_o not_o distract_v shall_v beat_v or_o curse_v his_o father_n or_o mother_n he_o shall_v die_v without_o mercy_n but_o if_o they_o be_v within_o the_o age_n of_o sixteen_o and_o past_a pupilarity_n they_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v arbitrary_o from_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o this_o crime_n be_v mere_o statutory_a and_o therefore_o shall_v not_o extend_v beyond_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o act_n to_o grandfather_n or_o grandchild_n albeit_o appellatione_fw-la silij_fw-la &_o nepos_fw-la comprehenditur_fw-la in_o favorabilibus_fw-la 2._o that_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v oppose_v to_o death_n and_o so_o never_o can_v be_v extend_v in_o other_o act_n to_o death_n 3._o that_o those_o who_o be_v not_o above_o the_o age_n of_o pupilarity_n be_v not_o capable_a to_o commit_v crime_n nor_o shall_v be_v punish_v for_o they_o be_v here_o
just_a allegiance_n &_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la he_o can_v be_v resist_v or_o else_o he_o do_v wrong_a via_fw-la facti_fw-la by_o beat_v the_o party_n he_o cite_v or_o give_v he_o opprobrious_a speech_n by_o apprehend_v he_o without_o a_o caption_n or_o after_o a_o suspension_n be_v produce_v by_o he_o or_o otherwise_o give_v rise_n to_o the_o violence_n use_v against_o he_o &_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la he_o may_v be_v resist_v as_o be_v find_v mart._n 166â—_n and_o be_v clear_a from_o the_o doctor_n cabal_n ibid._n it_o have_v be_v allege_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o deforcement_n at_o the_o messenger_n instance_n against_o the_o panel_n for_o stop_v he_o to_o poynd_v good_n because_o the_o messenger_n be_v the_o person_n at_o who_o instance_n the_o letter_n of_o poind_v be_v raise_v and_o therefore_o he_o can_v not_o execute_v they_o himself_o see_v no_o man_n can_v be_v judge_n in_o his_o own_o cause_n and_o the_o messenger_n be_v judge_n in_o all_o poynding_n but_o this_o be_v repel_v because_o the_o letter_n of_o poind_v be_v always_o blank_a in_o the_o pâ—rsons_n name_n to_o who_o they_o be_v direct_v and_o so_o the_o messenger_n may_v fill_v up_o his_o own_o name_n and_o no_o messenger_n be_v exclude_v and_o if_o the_o executer_n do_v any_o wrong_n he_o be_v liable_a to_o a_o spoilzie_a and_o his_o sentence_n be_v reduceable_a but_o this_o want_v not_o its_o own_o scruple_n see_v messenger_n be_v judge_n when_o they_o poynd_v and_o no_o man_n can_v judge_v in_o his_o own_o cause_n 2._o it_o be_v here_o allege_v that_o the_o letter_n upon_o which_o execution_n be_v use_v be_v suspend_v and_o so_o can_v not_o be_v put_v to_o execution_n which_o alledgiance_n be_v repel_v because_o the_o suspension_n be_v not_o intimate_v and_o so_o the_o messenger_n nor_o party_n be_v not_o thereby_o put_v in_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la mart._n 1662._o though_o this_o be_v the_o punishment_n of_o deforce_o when_o it_o be_v pure_o such_o and_o be_v not_o aggrage_v with_o other_o heinous_a circumstance_n yet_o if_o a_o messenger_n be_v execute_v letter_n of_o caption_n against_o a_o traitor_n for_o treason_n any_o who_o will_v deforce_v he_o will_v commit_v treason_n and_o that_o be_v to_o be_v art_n and_o part_n of_o treason_n and_o so_o in_o other_o crime_n but_o whether_o deforcement_n may_v be_v punish_v in_o our_o law_n as_o break_v of_o prison_n i_o doubt_v very_o much_o though_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n among_o the_o doctor_n that_o eximens_fw-la aliquem_fw-la ex_fw-la manu_fw-la familiae_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la carcere_fw-la à _fw-la pari_fw-la procedunt_fw-la &_o carceratus_fw-la dicitur_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o carceris_fw-la mansione_n dagit_fw-la sed_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la satellitum_fw-la custodia_fw-la &_o in_o familiae_fw-la manu_fw-la reperitur_fw-la nam_fw-la eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la utribique_fw-la leditur_fw-la majestas_fw-la principis_fw-la &_o offenditur_fw-la ministerium_fw-la justitiae_fw-la cabal_n resol_fw-it crim_n cent_n 1._o casu_fw-la 8._o v._o deforcement_n than_o be_v prove_v as_o other_o crime_n by_o witness_n and_o who_o ever_o may_v be_v witness_n for_o prove_v other_o crime_n be_v admit_v here_o but_o it_o have_v be_v oft_o doubt_v whether_o the_o witness_n who_o be_v carry_v along_o with_o the_o messenger_n for_o verify_v his_o execution_n may_v be_v sustain_v as_o witness_n to_o prove_v the_o deforcement_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o doubt_n be_v because_o ordinary_o they_o be_v injure_v themselves_o in_o such_o case_n yet_o at_o last_o it_o be_v decide_v in_o march_n 1662._o that_o they_o be_v very_o receiveable_a witness_n because_o without_o these_o deforcement_n can_v not_o be_v prove_v and_o since_o the_o execution_n can_v be_v prove_v by_o they_o why_o not_o deforcement_n but_o it_o be_v a_o necessary_a caution_n in_o that_o case_n that_o no_o injury_n be_v pursue_v as_o do_v to_o the_o witness_n for_o if_o that_o be_v once_o libel_v they_o become_v party_n and_o will_v not_o thereafter_o be_v receive_v as_o witness_n though_o they_o shall_v offer_v to_o pass_v from_o the_o injury_n as_o do_v to_o themselves_o and_o these_o witness_n be_v so_o receivable_a that_o in_o the_o case_n betwixt_o murray_n &_o french_a 13_o july_n 1669._o it_o be_v find_v that_o though_o they_o be_v within_o the_o degree_n defendant_n to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi yet_o they_o may_v be_v receive_v because_o in_o effect_n they_o be_v testes_fw-la instrumentarii_fw-la be_v witness_n contain_v in_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o deforcement_n but_o i_o think_v this_o be_v debateable_a because_o testes_fw-la instrumentarii_fw-la be_v only_o allow_v in_o obligation_n though_o within_o degree_n quo_fw-la casu_fw-la they_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v choose_v with_o mutual_a consent_n which_o can_v be_v allege_v here_o see_v the_o messenger_n only_o choose_v such_o witness_n as_o he_o please_v whether_o the_o execution_n of_o deforcement_n will_v prove_v that_o the_o messenger_n be_v deforce_v without_o lead_v any_o other_o witness_n may_v it_o be_v doubt_v and_o that_o it_o shall_v appear_v from_o these_o ground_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v a_o principle_n in_o law_n that_o creditur_fw-la nunciis_fw-la in_o his_o quae_fw-la spectant_fw-la ad_fw-la ipsorum_fw-la officium_fw-la 2._o in_o civilibus_fw-la the_o execution_n of_o a_o messenger_n be_v always_o believe_v till_o it_o be_v improven_v 3._o lawyer_n be_v very_o clear_a that_o creditur_fw-la nuncio_n si_fw-la referat_fw-la se_fw-la fuisse_fw-la percussum_fw-la vel_fw-la verberatum_fw-la in_o ipsa_fw-la executione_fw-la which_o guido_n papae_fw-la decis_fw-la 628._o declare_v to_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o france_n in_o dauphmie_n and_o this_o be_v enact_v by_o a_o statute_n of_o florence_n 13._o june_n 1559._o yet_o by_o our_o law_n the_o execution_n of_o deforcement_n will_v not_o prove_v that_o the_o messenger_n be_v deforce_v and_o caballus_fw-la declare_v this_o likewise_o of_o most_o other_o nation_n beside_o these_o abovecited_a casu_fw-la 127._o according_a to_o our_o law_n the_o messenger_n who_o be_v deforce_v can_v be_v lead_v even_o as_o single_a witness_n though_o the_o pursuit_n be_v not_o at_o their_o own_o instance_n but_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v or_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n in_o which_o case_n it_o seem_v that_o all_o their_o interest_n cease_v but_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v because_o it_o be_v presumable_a that_o the_o party_n who_o be_v wrong_v will_v still_o retain_v a_o resentment_n against_o the_o injurer_n and_o so_o will_v still_o be_v prejudicate_v witness_n in_o that_o case_n but_o yet_o according_a to_o the_o doctor_n this_o be_v doubt_v and_o many_o of_o they_o conclude_v that_o creditur_fw-la nuncio_n se_fw-la verberatum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la nam_fw-la creditur_fw-la ei_fw-la secundum_fw-la omnes_fw-la in_o iis_fw-la quae_fw-la pertinent_a ad_fw-la suum_fw-la officium_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la est_fw-la connexum_fw-la relationi_fw-la executionis_fw-la sibi_fw-la demandata_fw-la menoch_n de_fw-fr arb._n case_z 112._o alii_fw-la vero_fw-la credunt_fw-la casum_fw-la hunc_fw-la esse_fw-la arbitrarium_fw-la and_o according_a to_o our_o law_n such_o as_o be_v witness_n choose_v by_o the_o messenger_n to_o go_v alongst_o with_o he_o in_o use_v the_o execution_n will_v still_o be_v receive_v witness_n though_o they_o be_v themselves_o beat_v in_o the_o deforcement_n and_o so_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o former_a suspicion_n equal_o with_o the_o messenger_n and_o the_o only_a reason_n of_o difference_n that_o can_v be_v assign_v be_v that_o the_o messenger_n be_v himself_o say_v in_o our_o law_n to_o be_v deforce_v and_o so_o be_v the_o person_n formal_o interest_v but_o witness_n be_v not_o in_o our_o law_n say_v to_o be_v deforce_v and_o though_o they_o be_v receive_v ordinary_o yet_o it_o be_v give_v as_o a_o caution_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o depon_n upon_o any_o wrong_n do_v to_o themselves_o for_o if_o they_o do_v it_o will_v make_v they_o though_o otherways_o habit_n to_o be_v reject_v from_o be_v witness_n and_o the_o law_n will_n eo_fw-la casu_fw-la look_v upon_o they_o as_o person_n that_o remember_v too_o much_o the_o injury_n 〈…〉_z though_o the_o witness_n take_v along_o by_o the_o messenger_n to_o the_o execution_n can_v be_v reject_v upon_o that_o account_n after_o they_o have_v purge_v themselves_o of_o partial_a counsel_n and_o malice_n if_o they_o may_v not_o be_v reject_v if_o before_o they_o be_v swear_v they_o confess_v they_o continue_v to_o have_v a_o resentment_n of_o the_o injury_n do_v they_o and_o in_o my_o opinion_n if_o this_o beat_n and_o injury_n suffer_v by_o they_o be_v confess_v by_o themselves_o before_o they_o be_v purge_v of_o partial_a counsel_n they_o shall_v be_v reject_v though_o the_o party_n interest_v and_o at_o who_o instance_n the_o letter_n be_v execute_v can_v be_v receive_v witness_n to_o prove_v a_o deforcement_n even_o though_o they_o shall_v declare_v that_o they_o will_v never_o pursue_v the_o deforcement_n ad_fw-la proprium_fw-la interest_n &_o vindictam_fw-la yet_o such_o as_o be_v
he_o money_n or_o upon_o every_o slight_a occasion_n which_o be_v most_o inconvenient_a 2._o the_o law_n do_v not_o punish_v extrajudicial_a oath_n give_v in_o deposition_n of_o witness_n &_o sic_fw-la testes_fw-la deponens_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la contrarium_fw-la ejus_fw-la quid_fw-la dixit_fw-la extrajudicium_fw-la non_fw-la punitur_fw-la de_fw-fr falso_fw-la alexander_n lib._n 1._o consil._n 74._o covar_n in_o repit_a cap._n quantis_fw-la de_fw-fr pvit_fw-fr vid._n monoch_n de_fw-fr arbitrar_fw-la cas._n 312._o much_o less_o shall_v it_o such_o extrajudicial_a promise_n yet_o some_o think_v even_o such_o contravertion_n as_o these_o shall_v ob_fw-la despectum_fw-la numen_fw-la be_v punish_v arbitrary_a but_o if_o this_o promise_n be_v give_v judicial_o as_o in_o cautione_n juratoria_fw-la in_o remove_n whereby_o the_o party_n obliedge_v himself_o to_o remove_v and_o pay_v the_o violent_a profit_n or_o whereby_o he_o bind_v himself_o to_o report_v the_o criminal_a letter_n to_o the_o justice-clerk_n in_o these_o &_o such_o other_o case_n i_o think_v the_o not_o implement_n of_o the_o promise_n unless_o a_o reasonable_a cause_n can_v be_v assign_v shall_v infer_v perjury_n both_o because_o this_o be_v a_o judicial_a oath_n and_o because_o in_o contemplation_n thereof_o the_o law_n remit_v the_o necessity_n of_o find_v another_o cautioner_n and_o the_o party_n concern_v have_v no_o other_o security_n nor_o what_o be_v found_v upon_o this_o juratory_n caution_n iv._o 6._o it_o be_v doubt_v among_o the_o doctor_n whether_o these_o can_v be_v account_v perjure_v qui_fw-la non_fw-la impleverunt_fw-la vota_fw-la parentum_fw-la juramento_fw-la confirmata_fw-la who_o perform_v and_o fulfil_v not_o their_o parent_n oath_n in_o which_o case_n grotius_n distinguish_v betwixt_o those_o oath_n whereby_o the_o father_n bind_v himself_o only_o to_o god_n and_o in_o these_o the_o son_n for_o not_o implement_n be_v not_o guilty_a of_o perjury_n because_o in_o effect_n illud_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la onus_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la but_o be_v personal_a and_o so_o the_o son_n represent_v not_o the_o father_n in_o it_o but_o if_o the_o vow_n be_v make_v to_o a_o particular_a person_n than_o that_o vow_n be_v in_o unus_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la the_o not_o implement_n of_o the_o father_n vow_n will_v infer_v perjury_n for_o quo_fw-la ad_fw-la the_o estate_n haeres_fw-la &_o defunctus_fw-la sunt_fw-la una_fw-la &_o cadem_fw-la persona_fw-la matheus_n distinguish_v in_o this_o case_n si_fw-la juramentum_fw-la parentis_fw-la sit_fw-la in_o rem_fw-la conceptum_fw-la &_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la tenetur_fw-la sed_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la fit_a in_fw-la rem_fw-la conceptum_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o persona_fw-la tenetur_fw-la arg_fw-mi l._n 7.8_o part_n ff_n de_fw-fr part_n it_o may_v be_v likewise_o doubt_v upon_o the_o same_o ground_n whether_o the_o oath_n of_o any_o people_n in_o public_a affair_n relate_v to_o the_o state_n do_v tie_v their_o child_n &_o the_o example_n of_o saul_n be_v punish_v for_o not_o observe_v the_o oath_n whereby_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o 2_o sam._n 21._o seem_v to_o evince_v that_o the_o contravention_n of_o these_o national_a oath_n give_v by_o parent_n be_v punishable_a upon_o child_n in_o foro_fw-la divino_fw-la but_o whether_o the_o civil_a punishment_n can_v be_v inflict_v for_o contravention_n of_o national_a oath_n such_o as_o the_o covenant_n and_o declaration_n either_o in_o the_o case_n where_o the_o oath_n be_v give_v either_o by_o the_o predecessor_n or_o the_o giver_n himself_o be_v not_o decide_v and_o i_o shall_v incline_v to_o think_v that_o the_o contravention_n of_o these_o national_a oath_n can_v infer_v the_o civil_a punishment_n of_o perjury_n both_o because_o the_o design_n of_o perjury_n be_v only_o to_o punish_v such_o as_o do_v prejudge_v the_o private_a interest_n of_o these_o concern_v who_o they_o swear_v and_o such_o a_o contravention_n can_v be_v proper_o call_v mendacium_fw-la the_o swearer_n have_v design_v at_o that_o time_n to_o fulfil_v what_o he_o swear_v though_o he_o thereafter_o alter_v his_o judgement_n nor_o can_v dolus_fw-la be_v allege_v in_o this_o case_n nor_o that_o the_o interest_n of_o a_o three_o party_n be_v thereby_o prejudge_v all_o which_o be_v requisite_a for_o infer_v perjury_n v._o 7._o when_o witness_n depon_n with_o we_o in_o any_o private_a case_n it_o be_v of_o old_a doubt_v whether_o the_o deposition_n may_v be_v reprobate_v and_o themselves_o punish_v for_o perjury_n by_o the_o deposition_n of_o other_o witness_n and_o of_o late_a these_o conclusion_n seem_v to_o be_v regular_o allow_v 1._o that_o a_o witness_n depon_v verba_fw-la initialia_fw-la false_o such_o as_o of_o what_o age_n he_o be_v whether_o he_o be_v marry_v or_o where_o he_o dwell_v eo_fw-la casu_fw-la he_o may_v be_v punish_v for_o perjury_n if_o if_o he_o depon_n false_o for_o these_o question_n be_v propon_v not_o only_o to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v be_v know_v what_o age_n the_o witness_n be_v of_o but_o likewise_o to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v be_v know_v whether_o the_o deponer_n be_v a_o person_n of_o such_o veracity_n as_o may_v be_v trust_v and_o that_o by_o these_o his_o veracity_n may_v be_v trace_v and_o examine_v 2._o that_o a_o witness_n may_v be_v convince_v of_o perjury_n by_o writ_n but_o 3._o whether_o a_o witness_n may_v be_v convince_v of_o falsehood_n and_o perjury_n by_o the_o deposition_n of_o other_o witness_n be_v controvert_v in_o the_o case_n of_o balcanquel_n against_o rig_v a_o minister_n and_o that_o he_o can_v not_o it_o be_v urge_v because_o if_o this_o be_v allow_v daretur_fw-la progressus_fw-la in_o infinitum_fw-la for_o else_o if_o two_o witness_n depon_v that_o such_o a_o thing_n be_v do_v may_v be_v convince_v of_o perjury_n by_o other_o two_o or_o more_o witness_n these_o witness_n may_v again_o be_v convict_v by_o other_o and_o those_o by_o other_o in_o infinitum_fw-la for_o the_o other_o part_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o 1._o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o overaw_v witness_n in_o scotland_n but_o the_o fear_n and_o hazard_v of_o perjury_n to_o free_a witness_n from_o this_o trial_n be_v in_o effect_n to_o render_v they_o libertine_n and_o to_o encourage_v they_o to_o depon_n false_o 2._o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o think_v that_o if_o two_o witness_n shall_v depon_n that_o which_o be_v notour_o false_a as_o that_o such_o a_o man_n be_v kill_v who_o thereafter_o be_v see_v by_o a_o whole_a judicatory_a and_o all_o the_o member_n of_o session_n and_o parliament_n to_o have_v be_v alive_a that_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la witness_n shall_v not_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o perjury_n 3._o assizer_n who_o be_v in_o effect_n witness_n as_o well_o as_o judge_n and_o may_v proceed_v to_o a_o sentence_n upon_o their_o own_o private_a knowledge_n may_v be_v try_v by_o a_o assize_n of_o error_n consist_v of_o twice_o as_o many_o whereas_o if_o the_o deposition_n of_o witness_n can_v not_o be_v reprobate_v by_o other_o witness_n no_o assize_n can_v be_v convict_v by_o a_o assize_n of_o error_n as_o temere_fw-la jurantes_fw-la super_fw-la assiza_fw-mi to_o the_o foresay_a argument_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o 1._o the_o same_o do_v only_o evince_v the_o probation_n shall_v be_v more_o exact_a in_o that_o then_o in_o other_o case_n but_o do_v not_o at_o all_o conclude_v that_o such_o witness_n can_v no_o wise_n be_v convince_v of_o perjury_n and_o the_o ordinary_a rule_n give_v by_o lawyer_n be_v that_o twice_o as_o many_o be_v requisite_a to_o reprobat_fw-la as_o to_o prove_v which_o conclusion_n can_v not_o take_v place_n if_o the_o reprobation_n of_o witness_n by_o witness_n be_v not_o sustain_v 2._o this_o argument_n will_v evince_v if_o it_o have_v any_o weight_n that_o even_o circa_fw-la initialia_fw-la witness_n perjure_v themselves_o can_v not_o be_v pursue_v for_o perjury_n because_o these_o may_v be_v convince_v by_o other_o witness_n and_o these_o by_o other_o &_o sic_fw-la daretur_fw-la progressus_fw-la in_o infinitum_fw-la so_o that_o either_o witness_n can_v be_v convict_v of_o perjury_n in_o no_o case_n or_o else_o they_o may_v be_v in_o every_o case_n where_o they_o swear_v false_o notwithstanding_o all_o which_o the_o justice_n by_o interlocutor_fw-la find_v that_o witness_n can_v not_o be_v pursue_v for_o perjury_n upon_o the_o deposition_n of_o other_o witness_n upon_o the_o day_n of_o 1677._o but_o yet_o it_o remain_v doubtful_a whether_o one_o witness_n may_v not_o be_v pursue_v for_o perjury_n upon_o the_o deposition_n of_o other_o though_o two_o can_v because_o the_o joint_a deposition_n only_o make_v a_o full_a probation_n 8._o clarus_n num_fw-la 12._o §_o perjurium_fw-la be_v of_o opinion_n that_o when_o any_o thing_n be_v refer_v to_o oath_n judicial_o that_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la the_o party_n who_o swear_v can_v never_o be_v challenge_v for_o perjury_n sed_fw-la johan_n deum_fw-la habet_fw-la ultorem_fw-la which_o boerius_n do_v also_o assert_v to_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n decis_fw-la 305._o and_o the_o reason_n which_o move_v they_o
to_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o a_o party_n have_v make_v his_o antagonist_n absolute_o judge_n of_o his_o own_o cause_n he_o have_v as_o it_o be_v submit_v to_o he_o &_o juramentum_fw-la debet_fw-la esse_fw-la ultimum_fw-la refugium_fw-la and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o case_n decide_v per._n l._n 2._o c._n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la credit_n religionem_fw-la contemptam_fw-la juramenti_fw-la satis_fw-la deum_fw-la habet_fw-la ultorem_fw-la sed_fw-la majestatis_fw-la crimen_fw-la vel_fw-la periculum_fw-la corporis_fw-la &_o si_fw-la per_fw-la principis_fw-la venerationem_fw-la quodam_fw-la calore_fw-la fuerit_fw-la perjeratum_fw-la inferri_fw-la non_fw-la placet_fw-la for_o in_o the_o immediate_o precede_v law_n it_o be_v say_v that_o causa_fw-la jure_fw-la jurando_fw-la ex_fw-la consensu_fw-la utriusque_fw-la partis_fw-la delato_fw-la decisa_fw-la nec_fw-la perjurii_fw-la praetextu_fw-la retractari_fw-la potest_fw-la so_o that_o add_v both_o law_n together_o the_o sense_n be_v that_o when_o the_o cause_n be_v refer_v to_o any_o party_n oath_n it_o be_v decide_v conform_v thereto_o that_o decision_n can_v neither_o be_v retract_v upon_o pretext_n of_o perjury_n nor_o can_v the_o perjurer_n be_v corporal_o punish_v and_o this_o seem_v a_o much_o more_o reasonable_a answer_n than_o those_o many_o give_v by_o the_o doctor_n but_o yet_o i_o can_v assent_v to_o the_o conclusion_n itself_o nor_o be_v it_o at_o all_o conform_a to_o our_o law_n nor_o perhaps_o to_o reason_n for_o interest_n and_o avarice_n be_v sufficient_a bait_n to_o perjury_n though_o impunity_n be_v not_o thereto_o add_v and_o when_o the_o party_n defer_v a_o oath_n he_o intend_v thereby_o to_o submit_v final_o to_o he_o to_o who_o the_o famine_n be_v defer_v but_o not_o so_o but_o that_o if_o thereafter_o the_o sweaâ—er_n shall_v be_v find_v perjure_a he_o may_v be_v still_o challenge_v nor_o perhaps_o will_v he_o have_v defer_v the_o oath_n if_o he_o have_v not_o conclude_v himself_o secure_a as_o to_o what_o shall_v be_v depone_v not_o only_o out_o of_o respect_n to_o religion_n but_o likewise_o because_o of_o the_o hazard_n of_o perjury_n and_o see_v in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v mendacium_fw-la juramento_fw-la affirmatum_fw-la i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v perjury_n be_v there_o any_o ground_n why_o at_o least_o his_o majesty_n be_v advocate_n shall_v not_o be_v allow_v to_o pursue_v it_o for_o the_o reason_n which_o be_v urge_v for_o the_o speciality_n in_o it_o cease_v in_o he_o and_o as_o there_o be_v no_o decision_n in_o favour_n of_o clarus_n his_o opinion_n in_o our_o law_n so_o in_o mr._n james_n row'_v and_o other_o case_n where_o this_o may_v have_v be_v propon_v this_o defence_n be_v never_o propon_v yet_o in_o some_o case_n the_o deponer_n in_o juramento_fw-la delato_fw-la crave_v that_o the_o lord_n may_v declare_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v liable_a for_o perjury_n when_o any_o oath_n be_v necessary_o so_o defer_v to_o he_o which_o the_o lord_n in_o some_o case_n use_v to_o grant_v as_o in_o facto_fw-la antiquo_fw-la and_o by_o so_o do_v they_o show_v that_o perjury_n be_v punishable_a regulariter_fw-la even_o in_o he_o to_o who_o a_o oath_n be_v defer_v but_o i_o believe_v that_o the_o doctor_n have_v more_o just_o conclude_v that_o where_o a_o oath_n be_v defer_v in_o criminal_n though_o the_o panel_n need_v not_o swear_v yet_o if_o he_o do_v swear_v he_o be_v not_o punishable_a as_o a_o perjure_a person_n though_o he_o swear_v false_o quia_fw-la licet_fw-la cuique_fw-la suum_fw-la redimere_fw-la sanguinem_fw-la clar._n num_fw-la 12._o and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v debate_v that_o this_o hold_v not_o with_o we_o in_o usury_n and_o other_o case_n because_o there_o the_o law_n obliedge_v he_o to_o give_v his_o oath_n and_o matheus_n do_v think_v that_o it_o shall_v in_o no_o case_n but_o rather_o that_o the_o perjurer_n shall_v there_o be_v punish_v with_o a_o double_a punishment_n both_o for_o conceal_v the_o crime_n and_o also_o perjure_v himself_o and_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o this_o be_v rather_o punishable_a then_o ordinary_a perjury_n because_o the_o defender_n need_v not_o swear_v and_o be_v in_o no_o hazard_n by_o not_o swear_v and_o the_o less_o the_o temptation_n be_v the_o sin_n be_v always_o the_o great_a nor_o need_v the_o defender_n redeem_v his_o own_o blood_n by_o swear_v as_o be_v pretend_v or_o at_o least_o licet_fw-la hoc_fw-la liceat_fw-la licere_fw-la tam_fw-la debet_fw-la per_fw-la modum_fw-la licitum_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la perjurio_fw-la vi_o it_o may_v likewise_o be_v doubt_v in_o some_o case_n whether_o the_o violation_n of_o a_o oath_n do_v infer_v perjury_n as_o when_o a_o judge_n give_v his_o oath_n that_o he_o shall_v administrat_fw-la justice_n impartial_o or_o a_o advocate_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v honest_a in_o his_o employment_n without_o discover_v his_o client_n secret_a or_o betray_v his_o business_n if_o that_o judge_n take_v money_n as_o a_o bribe_n or_o that_o advocate_n thereafter_o prevaricate_a may_v be_v upon_o these_o account_n pursue_v for_o perjury_n and_o this_o be_v i_o remember_v controvert_v in_o the_o case_n of_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n officer_n of_o state_n who_o be_v pursue_v upon_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o queen_n mary_n for_o perjury_n because_o he_o be_v allege_v to_o have_v take_v money_n from_o the_o defender_n in_o case_n wherein_o they_o be_v pursue_v at_o his_o majesty_n instance_n and_o that_o this_o can_v not_o infer_v perjury_n be_v argue_v from_o this_o that_o our_o law_n have_v make_v some_o particular_a statute_n as_o to_o perjury_n it_o design_v thereby_o that_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o nation_n shall_v not_o in_o this_o crime_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o see_v it_o have_v only_o punish_v perjury_n in_o the_o case_n of_o witness_n assizer_n and_o bigamy_n it_o do_v clear_o follow_v that_o perjury_n deum_fw-la tantum_fw-la habet_fw-la ultorem_fw-la in_o all_o other_o case_n 2._o if_o perjury_n be_v punishable_a in_o this_o case_n tutor_n and_o executor_n who_o find_v caution_n may_v be_v always_o punish_v for_o perjury_n where_o they_o be_v pursuable_a for_o maladministration_n which_o be_v absurd_a and_o be_v never_o practise_v in_o any_o nation_n 3._o when_o such_o oath_n as_o these_o be_v give_v these_o word_n as_o you_o shall_v answer_v to_o god_n be_v ordinary_o adject_v rather_o to_o impress_v a_o fear_n of_o the_o deity_n upon_o the_o swearer_n than_o to_o subject_v he_o by_o the_o oath_n to_o the_o hazard_n of_o perjury_n and_o the_o fear_n of_o perjury_n be_v neither_o thought_n upon_o consider_v by_o the_o administrator_n nor_o the_o swearer_n so_o that_o non_fw-fr de_fw-fr hoc_fw-la agitur_fw-la at_o that_o time_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o many_o thing_n that_o be_v always_o look_v to_o in_o punish_v of_o crime_n 4._o if_o consequential_a perjury_n have_v be_v punishable_a as_o formal_a perjury_n there_o need_v no_o act_n to_o have_v be_v make_v declare_v that_o bigamy_n shall_v be_v repute_n and_o punish_v as_o perjury_n see_v it_o be_v such_o by_o consequence_n before_o that_o act._n for_o the_o better_a clear_n of_o this_o case_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o divide_v perjury_n in_o formal_a and_o consequential_a perjury_n and_o to_o conclude_v that_o formal_a perjury_n which_o be_v in_o these_o case_n declare_v perjury_n by_o a_o express_a act_n shall_v be_v punishable_a as_o a_o crime_n but_o that_o consequential_a perjury_n as_o may_v be_v instance_a in_o the_o case_n above-written_a shall_v not_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o crime_n but_o as_o a_o aggravation_n for_o see_v in_o these_o the_o perjurer_n do_v not_o formal_o design_n to_o commit_v perjury_n be_v be_v not_o very_o rational_a to_o think_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o formal_a punishment_n of_o that_o crime_n which_o distinction_n i_o find_v likewise_o allow_v by_o the_o civilian_n for_o albeit_o formal_a perjury_n be_v only_o punishable_a by_o banishment_n and_o infamy_n yet_o if_o any_o man_n die_v by_o that_o perjury_n as_o in_o false-witnessing_a in_o capital_a crime_n the_o perjury_n be_v eo_fw-la casu_fw-la punishable_a by_o death_n and_o if_o it_o be_v mix_v with_o treason_n it_o be_v punishable_a as_o treason_n margaret_z wood_n be_v in_o february_n 1631._o pursue_v for_o have_v perjure_v herself_o as_o a_o false_a witness_n in_o so_o far_o as_o she_o have_v be_v cite_v before_o the_o privy_a council_n and_o examine_v by_o they_o she_o have_v depone_v many_o false_a thing_n against_o the_o laird_n of_o pitcaple_n and_o richard_n mowat_n against_o which_o pursuit_n it_o be_v allege_v for_o she_o 1._o that_o she_o can_v not_o be_v pursue_v as_o a_o false_a witness_n because_o a_o woman_n in_o our_o law_n can_v be_v a_o witness_n and_o consequent_o she_o can_v be_v a_o false_a witness_n 2._o she_o do_v not_o depon_n upon_o oath_n before_o the_o council_n and_o consequent_o she_o can_v be_v guilty_a of_o perjury_n since_o nemo_fw-la
punish_v with_o the_o same_o pain_n 3._o by_o constant_a custom_n in_o all_o criminal_a court_n be_v and_o part_n be_v punish_v as_o the_o principal_a crime_n notwithstanding_o of_o all_o which_o i_o think_v the_o foresay_a conclusion_n very_o rigorous_a for_o paena_fw-la est_fw-la commensuranda_fw-la de_fw-fr licto_fw-la and_o to_o punish_v the_o more_o and_o the_o less_o guilty_a equal_o seem_v against_o nature_n and_o justice_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o other_o nation_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o doctor_n accession_n be_v punishable_a according_a to_o their_o proportional_a degree_n of_o guilt_n and_o albeit_o the_o act_n above_o cite_v sustain_v the_o libel_n yet_o it_o ordain_v not_o the_o punishment_n of_o art_n and_o part_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o principal_a offender_n but_o though_o the_o act_n do_v bear_v the_o same_o express_o yet_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n a_o statute_n bear_v that_o such_o as_o be_v accessary_a shall_v be_v punish_v as_o the_o principal_a malefactor_n be_v to_o be_v restrict_v ad_fw-la opem_fw-la quae_fw-la dedit_fw-la causam_fw-la maleficio_fw-la &_o non_fw-fr de_fw-fr quolibet_fw-la modo_fw-la auxiliandi_fw-la annot_n ad_fw-la clar._n quest_n 90._o num_fw-la 28._o it_o will_v therefore_o seem_v just_a that_o not_o only_o the_o justice_n or_o party_n shall_v make_v application_n to_o the_o council_n and_o interpose_v that_o the_o punishment_n shall_v be_v mitigat_fw-la according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o guilt_n as_o the_o custom_n now_o be_v but_o that_o the_o justice_n shall_v have_v a_o innate_a power_n to_o proportion_v the_o punishment_n to_o the_o guilt_n prove_v for_o none_o can_v understand_v so_o well_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o guilt_n as_o the_o justice_n who_o hear_v the_o probation_n and_o it_o be_v hard_a that_o the_o poor_a panel_n shall_v lie_v under_o so_o great_a hazard_n as_o to_o be_v expose_v to_o a_o capital_a sentence_n whereas_o it_o may_v be_v the_o council_n will_v not_o sit_v so_o soon_o as_o that_o he_o may_v interpose_v with_o they_o some_o crime_n punish_v among_o the_o roman_n which_o be_v not_o direct_o in_o use_n with_o we_o have_v finish_v in_o the_o last_o title_n what_o belong_v to_o those_o crime_n which_o our_o law_n punâ—shes_v direct_o i_o resolve_v here_o to_o touch_v overly_o even_o those_o crime_n which_o be_v little_o consider_v among_o we_o not_o only_o that_o we_o may_v thereby_o know_v the_o genius_n of_o that_o wise_a nation_n but_o that_o we_o may_v consider_v how_o far_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o renew_v among_o we_o these_o excellent_a law_n the_o roman_n consider_v how_o destructive_a those_o be_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n who_o endeavour_v by_o all_o indirect_a mean_n to_o screw_v themselves_o into_o public_a employment_n do_v therefore_o make_v this_o indirect_a deal_n to_o be_v a_o crime_n and_o call_v it_o ambitus_fw-la which_o punish_v lege_fw-la julia_fw-la those_o who_o give_v money_n for_o make_v themselves_o magistrate_n or_o that_o they_o may_v attain_v to_o honour_n it_o be_v common_o think_v that_o how_o soon_o the_o power_n be_v transfer_v from_o the_o people_n to_o the_o senate_n and_o from_o the_o senate_n to_o the_o prince_n this_o crime_n cease_v because_o the_o prince_n have_v the_o sole_a power_n of_o bestow_v magistracy_n and_o honour_n be_v still_o presume_v in_o law_n to_o bestow_v they_o upon_o those_o deserve_v best_a who_o groneveg_v the_o leg_n abrogat_fw-la ad_fw-la h._n t._n but_o yet_o i_o see_v not_o why_o the_o prince_n may_v not_o just_o cause_n punish_v such_o who_o have_v wrong_v both_o the_o public_a interest_n and_o his_o favour_n in_o prostitute_v both_o to_o so_o unworthy_a a_o sale_n and_o since_o commissioner_n for_o parliament_n and_o magistrate_n of_o town_n be_v still_o elect_v by_o plurality_n of_o suffrage_n i_o see_v not_o why_o such_o as_o bribe_v the_o elector_n may_v not_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o accusation_n the_o punishment_n of_o this_o crime_n be_v deportation_n which_o be_v much_o like_o our_o banishment_n and_o in_o the_o less_o town_n it_o be_v punish_v by_o a_o fine_n of_o a_o hundred_o crown_n and_o infamy_n and_o since_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o bribe_v i_o think_v it_o shall_v be_v punish_v with_o we_o as_o such_o residuorum_fw-la crimen_fw-la be_v commit_v by_o he_o who_o convert_v the_o public_a money_n with_o which_o he_o be_v entrust_v to_o his_o own_o private_a use_n and_o be_v punish_v by_o fyne_a he_o who_o be_v guilty_a in_o a_o three_o more_o than_o he_o owe_v this_o crime_n be_v punish_v by_o no_o express_a law_n with_o we_o but_o that_o this_o be_v a_o crime_n with_o we_o appear_v clear_o from_o its_o be_v except_v from_o the_o late_a act_n of_o indemnity_n among_o the_o other_o crime_n the_o word_n whereof_o be_v except_v all_o private_a murder_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o account_n of_o all_o such_o person_n as_o have_v intromet_v with_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n revenue_n public_a imposition_n excise_n fines_n forfeiture_n sequestration_n and_o all_o other_o public_a money_n for_o which_o they_o have_v not_o order_n warrant_v or_o assignment_n for_o their_o own_o private_a use_n or_o for_o which_o they_o have_v not_o due_o count_v and_o receive_v discharge_v thereof_o from_o such_o as_o pretend_v to_o have_v authority_n for_o the_o time_n to_o do_v the_o same_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o exchequer_n may_v be_v judge_n competent_a to_o this_o crime_n if_o commit_v by_o their_o own_o member_n and_o the_o council_n if_o do_v by_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n servant_n since_o there_o can_v be_v no_o great_a injury_n do_v to_o his_o majesty_n government_n then_o to_o abstract_n or_o invert_v his_o money_n which_o be_v the_o nerve_n not_o only_o of_o war_n but_o of_o all_o power_n peculatus_fw-la be_v a_o steal_n of_o the_o public_a money_n as_o the_o other_o be_v a_o conceal_n of_o it_o and_o this_o be_v punish_v in_o public_a minister_n capital_o l._n un_fw-fr c._n h._n t._n though_o other_o theft_n be_v not_o capital_o punish_v among_o the_o roman_n so_o attrocious_a a_o crime_n do_v they_o judge_v the_o breach_n of_o trust_n and_o so_o easy_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v for_o public_a minister_n to_o steal_v public_a money_n if_o they_o please_v this_o crime_n be_v certain_o punishable_a with_o we_o by_o death_n since_o all_o theft_n be_v so_o punishable_a plagium_n be_v the_o steal_n of_o man_n and_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n l._n 7._o &_o ult_n c._n h._n t._n which_o agree_v with_o the_o law_n of_o god_n exod._n 21.16_o deut._n 24.7_o and_o with_o we_o egyptian_n and_o other_o steal_v child_n have_v be_v likewise_o punish_v by_o death_n and_o such_o as_o force_v away_o man_n to_o be_v soldier_n shall_v be_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o punishment_n though_o the_o council_n use_v to_o punish_v they_o only_o by_o a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n and_o such_o as_o take_v away_o man_n childeren_n upon_o pretext_n to_o marry_v they_o before_o they_o come_v to_o the_o year_n wherein_o they_o may_v give_v a_o legal_a consent_n which_o be_v 12._o in_o woman_n and_o 14._o in_o man_n ought_v in_o my_o judgement_n to_o be_v so_o punish_v i_o have_v treat_v crimen_fw-la repetundarum_fw-la in_o the_o title_n brybe_a &_o crimen_fw-la annonae_fw-la in_o the_o title_n forestallers_a i_o shall_v end_v this_o first_o part_n relate_v to_o crime_n with_o theophils_n apology_n subjoin_v to_o his_o title_n of_o crime_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d finis_fw-la part_n ii_o title_n i._o of_o jurisdiction_n in_o general_n 1._o jurisdiction_n define_v and_o divide_v in_o imperium_fw-la merum_fw-la mixtum_fw-la &_o jurisdictionem_fw-la simplicem_fw-la 2._o jurisdiction_n be_v either_o ordinary_a or_o delegat_v 3._o it_o be_v either_o cumulative_a or_o privative_a 4._o how_o a_o jurisdiction_n may_v be_v prorogat_n the_o civilian_n do_v treat_v of_o jurisdiction_n very_o learned_o and_o profuse_o but_o since_o most_o of_o their_o dictate_v be_v very_o remote_a from_o our_o practice_n in_o scotland_n i_o resolve_v to_o clear_v only_o such_o general_a term_n as_o be_v borrow_v by_o our_o law_n from_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n i._o jurisdiction_n may_v be_v define_v to_o be_v a_o public_a power_n grant_v to_o a_o magistrate_n to_o cognosc_fw-la upon_o and_o determine_v cause_n and_o to_o put_v sentence_n follow_v thereupon_o in_o execution_n in_o such_o way_n and_o manner_n as_o either_o his_o commission_n law_n or_o practic_a do_v allow_v jurisdiction_n be_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n divide_v in_o merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la mixtum_fw-la imperium_fw-la &_o jurisdictionem_fw-la simplicem_fw-la merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la est_fw-la abere_fw-la potestatem_fw-la gladii_fw-la ad_fw-la animadvertendum_fw-la in_o facinerofos_fw-la &_o potestatas_fw-la etiam_fw-la appellatur_fw-la mixtum_fw-la imperium_fw-la est_fw-la potestas_fw-la qua_fw-la jure_fw-la proprio_fw-la magistratui_fw-la competit_fw-la cui_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la inhaeret_fw-la &_o inest_fw-la &_o dicitur_fw-la
cause_n in_o the_o first_o instance_n and_o of_o old_a if_o a_o person_n accuse_v for_o treason_n do_v absent_v himself_o the_o criminal_a court_n not_o no_o other_o inferior_a court_n can_v proceed_v to_o take_v trial_n by_o probation_n against_o he_o and_o so_o all_o they_o can_v do_v be_v only_o to_o denounce_v he_o fugitive_n for_o his_o absence_n upon_o which_o denounciation_n his_o escheat_n do_v only_o fall_v but_o he_o can_v not_o be_v forefeit_v and_o therefore_o since_o it_o be_v unjust_a that_o he_o shall_v by_o his_o own_o absence_n procure_v to_o himself_o a_o impunity_n and_o exemption_n from_o forfeiture_n the_o parliament_n do_v by_o their_o supreme_a power_n cite_v the_o person_n guilty_a to_o appear_v before_o they_o and_o do_v lead_v probation_n in_o absence_n against_o he_o and_o forfeit_v he_o in_o absence_n though_o guilty_a but_o it_o be_v find_v inconvenient_a that_o parliament_n behoove_v either_o to_o be_v call_v or_o such_o delinquent_n pass_v unpunished_a therefore_o by_o the_o 11._o act_n 2._o parl._n ch._n 1._o it_o be_v statute_v that_o the_o justice_n may_v proceed_v to_o try_v crime_n by_o probation_n even_o when_o the_o person_n cite_v be_v absent_a in_o case_n of_o treasonable_a rise_n in_o arm_n and_o open_a and_o manifest_a rebellion_n against_o his_o majesty_n or_o his_o successor_n and_o their_o authority_n so_o that_o the_o parliament_n be_v yet_o only_a judge_n to_o the_o trial_n of_o all_o crime_n by_o probation_n against_o absent_v except_o only_a perduellion_n oâ—_n open_a and_o manifest_a treason_n and_o albeit_o it_o may_v seem_v strange_a that_o the_o justice_n shall_v have_v be_v allow_v to_o lead_v probation_n against_o absent_v in_o this_o which_o be_v the_o great_a of_o crime_n and_o not_o in_o crime_n of_o lesser_a importance_n yet_o this_o proceed_v from_o the_o just_a detestation_n which_o the_o parliament_n have_v of_o this_o crime_n and_o that_o the_o punishment_n thereof_o may_v not_o be_v delay_v where_o the_o delay_n may_v prove_v so_o dangerous_a ii_o if_o the_o parliament_n forfeit_v any_o person_n after_o cognition_n of_o the_o cause_n their_o sentence_n can_v be_v quarrel_v by_o any_o inferior_a judge_n act_n 39_o parl._n 11._o k._n i._n 6._o and_o though_o it_o be_v add_v to_o that_o act_n that_o no_o forfeiture_n lawful_o and_o orderly_o lead_v in_o parliament_n shall_v be_v quarrel_v by_o any_o inferior_a judicatory_a for_o these_o word_n lawful_o and_o orderly_o lead_v seem_v unnecessary_a since_o after_o cognition_n of_o the_o cause_n by_o the_o parliament_n no_o inferior_a judicatory_a can_v quarrel_v a_o decreet_a of_o parliament_n even_o though_o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o the_o say_v decreet_a be_v not_o lawful_a and_o orderly_a yet_o if_o a_o person_n be_v only_o denounce_v fugitive_n by_o the_o parliament_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n may_v suspend_v in_o that_o case_n if_o the_o process_n be_v not_o orderly_o lead_v but_o whether_o they_o can_v reduce_v even_o in_o that_o case_n est_fw-la altioris_fw-la indaginis_fw-la and_o some_o think_v that_o though_o it_o be_v very_o inconvenient_a that_o such_o a_o decreet_a shall_v receive_v present_a execution_n where_o possible_o the_o party_n be_v not_o lawful_o cite_v yet_o that_o such_o respect_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o parliament_n as_o that_o the_o illegality_n of_o that_o procedure_n before_o they_o though_o not_o object_v before_o sentence_n shall_v remain_v undecided_a till_o the_o next_o session_n of_o parliament_n iii_o if_o the_o parliament_n shall_v remit_v any_o such_o process_n for_o crime_n to_o any_o of_o their_o own_o number_n to_o be_v decide_v final_o before_o they_o it_o have_v be_v doubt_v whether_o their_o decision_n can_v be_v reduce_v by_o the_o session_n and_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n reach_v only_o to_o decision_n in_o parliament_n but_o yet_o since_o decreet_n pronounce_v by_o commissioner_n of_o parliament_n be_v repute_v with_o we_o decreet_n of_o parliament_n and_o since_o decreet_v pronounce_v by_o commissioner_n for_o valuation_n of_o teind_n be_v not_o reduceable_a because_o these_o decreet_n be_v repute_v decreet_n of_o parliament_n as_o be_v pronounce_v by_o such_o commissioner_n of_o parliament_n it_o seem_v that_o decreet_v pronounce_v by_o such_o commissioner_n in_o crime_n after_o probation_n can_v not_o be_v quarrel_v and_o reduce_v by_o the_o session_n or_o other_o inferior_a judicatories_n title_n iu._n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o high-constable_n in_o crminals_n 1._o the_o original_a of_o the_o word_n constable_n and_o his_o power_n 2._o the_o office_n of_o petty_a constable_n 3._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o those_o who_o be_v constable_n of_o his_o majesty_n castle_n i._o some_o describe_v the_o word_n constable_n from_o the_o word_n coning_n which_o signify_v a_o king_n and_o staple_n which_o signify_v a_o stay_n or_o hold_v in_o the_o saxon_a language_n because_o constabulary_n be_v only_o erect_v in_o those_o place_n where_o the_o king_n keep_v house_n and_o thus_o the_o constable_n be_v judge_v of_o old_a to_o all_o crime_n commit_v within_o twelve_o league_n of_o the_o king_n house_n and_o habitation_n l._n malcol_n c._n 6._o though_o skeen_n there_o observe_v that_o the_o best_a manuscript_n bear_v only_o two_o league_n or_o four_o scot_n miles_n our_o craig_n and_o other_o author_n derive_v the_o word_n constable_n from_o the_o comes_fw-la stabuli_fw-la under_o the_o roman_a empire_n nam_fw-la constabularius_fw-la say_v he_o nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la est_fw-la nisi_fw-la praefectus_fw-la aequitum_fw-la since_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n robert_n the_o bruce_n this_o office_n of_o high-constable_n stand_v heretable_o in_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o errol_n and_o their_o be_v some_o debate_n concern_v his_o jurisdiction_n francis_n earl_n of_o errol_n obtain_v commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n date_v the_o 23._o of_o jun_n 1630._o seal_v penult_n march_v 1631._o to_o the_o person_n therein_o specify_v or_o any_o nine_o of_o they_o impower_v they_o to_o search_v the_o act_n of_o parliament_n consuetude_n monument_n and_o register_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o all_o evident_n that_o the_o earl_n of_o errol_n or_o the_o lord_n hay_o his_o son_n shall_v produce_v concern_v their_o honour_n hostilogy_n privilege_n and_o immmunity_n belong_v or_o which_o have_v belong_v to_o the_o office_n of_o constabulary_a from_o the_o first_o institution_n thereof_o this_o commission_n i_o have_v see_v with_o the_o report_n thereof_o date_v the_o 27_o of_o july_n 1631._o bearing_n the_o commissioner_n to_o have_v meet_v with_o the_o earl_n of_o errol_n and_o his_o say_a son_n and_o to_o have_v consider_v their_o instruction_n warrant_n and_o custom_n of_o other_o country_n anent_o the_o constable_n privilege_n and_o in_o the_o three_o article_n of_o the_o report_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n only_o here_o treat_v of_o they_o set_v down_o these_o word_n the_o constable_n be_v supreme_a in_o all_o matter_n of_o riot_n disorder_n blood_n and_o slaughter_v commit_v within_o four_o mile_n of_o the_o king_n person_n or_o of_o the_o parliament_n or_o council_n represent_v the_o royal_a authority_n in_o his_o absence_n and_o that_o alse_a well_o within_o the_o court_n as_o outwith_o the_o same_o and_o the_o trial_n and_o punishment_n of_o such_o crime_n and_o offence_n be_v proper_a and_o due_a to_o the_o constable_n and_o his_o depute_n and_o the_o provost_n and_o baily_n of_o that_o centre_n or_o burgh_n and_o all_o other_o judge_n within_o the_o bound_n where_o the_o say_v fact_n be_v commit_v be_v obliedge_v to_o ride_v concur_v fortify_v and_o assist_v the_o constable_n and_o his_o depute_n in_o take_v the_o say_n malefactor_n and_o to_o make_v their_o tolbooth_n patent_n for_o receive_v they_o therein_o as_o be_v clear_o evident_a by_o production_n of_o warrant_n grant_v by_o his_o majesty_n predecessor_n to_o that_o effect_n and_o which_o likewise_o appear_v by_o the_o exhibition_n of_o certain_a bond_n make_v by_o the_o town_n of_o edinburgh_n to_o the_o constable_n for_o the_o time_n concern_v that_o purpose_n the_o king_n have_v see_v this_o report_n do_v approve_v it_o in_o a_o letter_n direct_v to_o his_o secret_a council_n of_o this_o kingdom_n from_o the_o court_n at_o theobal_n the_o 11._o of_o may_v 1633._o registrat_n in_o the_o book_n of_o secret_a council_n the_o 15._o day_n of_o that_o month_n and_o in_o the_o commission_n report_n and_o letter_n foresay_a the_o constable_n be_v design_v high-constable_n and_o his_o office_n the_o high-office_n of_o constabulary_a the_o constable_n be_v still_o in_o use_n since_o that_o time_n to_o judge_v riot_n within_o the_o bound_n foresaid_n and_o to_o interrupt_v the_o town_n of_o edinburgh_n when_o he_o know_v of_o their_o meddle_v provide_v the_o riot_n be_v commit_v in_o time_n of_o parliament_n and_o i_o be_v tell_v that_o in_o time_n of_o parliament_n hold_v at_o edinburgh_n anno_fw-la 1640._o and_o 1641._o the_o earl_n of_o errol_n be_v find_v
potest_fw-la amirans_fw-la marinas_fw-la intelligo_fw-la quae_fw-la negotiationis_fw-la causa_fw-la ineuntur_fw-la sive_fw-la extra_fw-la mare_fw-la sive_fw-la in_o mari_fw-fr celebrantur_fw-la delicta_fw-la tamen_fw-la ex_fw-la necessitate_v intra_fw-la mar_v be_v fluxum_fw-la perpetrari_fw-la debent_fw-la in_o scotland_n the_o dean_n of_o gilled_a be_v as_o walwood_n observe_v tit_n 23._o ordinary_a judge_n of_o old_a betwixt_o mariner_n and_o merchand_n likeas_n the_o waterbailiff_n betwixt_o mariner_n and_o mariner_n and_o the_o justice-general_a be_v judge_n in_o criminal_n but_o now_o no_o judge_n may_v meddle_v say_v he_o with_o the_o admiral_n cause_n but_o only_o by_o way_n of_o assistance_n and_o that_o by_o commission_n in_o difficult_a cause_n as_o be_v find_v in_o that_o action_n antoni_fw-la de_fw-fr latour_n against_o christian_a marteis_fw-la 6._o of_o november_n 1642._o ii_o in_o october_n 1635._o bernard_n gilermo_n and_o some_o spanish_a dutch_a and_o french_a pirate_n be_v apprehend_v mr._n james_n robertson_n then_o admiral-deput_a crave_v that_o the_o council_n will_v name_v assessor_n to_o he_o in_o the_o trial_n of_o these_o foreigner_n and_o they_o be_v name_v a_o court_n of_o justiciary_a of_o the_o admiralty_n for_o the_o register_n of_o the_o admiralty_n give_v it_o that_o title_n be_v keep_v at_o irwine_n and_o these_o pirate_n indict_v and_o hang_v for_o piracy_n commit_v by_o they_o upon_o french_a spanish_a and_o dutch_a merchand_n the_o party_n injure_v be_v receive_v witness_n else_o these_o crim_n at_o sea_n can_v not_o be_v prove_v this_o trial_n be_v by_o a_o assize_n as_o before_o the_o justice_n iii_o by_o the_o martim_fw-la law_n of_o england_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o man_n who_o take_v a_o pirate_n in_o the_o ocean_n to_o hang_v he_o at_o the_o main-yard_n because_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o the_o ocean_n be_v within_o no_o man_n jurisdiction_n &_o so_o every_o man_n be_v leave_v to_o his_o own_o natural_a liberty_n but_o this_o may_v prove_v very_o dangerous_a for_o thus_o man_n may_v execute_v their_o revenge_n in_o place_n of_o justice_n and_o may_v make_v innocent_a man_n pirate_n for_o their_o private_a advantage_n and_o judicatur_n be_v establish_v to_o prevent_v such_o injury_n and_o upon_o that_o pretext_n man_n may_v as_o well_o adjudge_v prize_n take_v upon_o the_o ocean_n but_o yet_o if_o a_o ship_n be_v on_o her_o voyage_n to_o remote_a place_n as_o the_o indies_n so_o that_o the_o taker_n can_v keep_v the_o pirate_n till_o they_o come_v to_o a_o harbour_n they_o may_v in_o that_o case_n execute_v they_o at_o sea_n for_o that_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o self-defence_n and_o necessity_n make_v law_n but_o i_o think_v this_o necessity_n must_v be_v prove_v vid._n grot._n de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr belli_fw-la lib._n 2._o c._n 20_o §_o 14._o and_o for_o this_o same_o reason_n i_o differ_v from_o that_o author_n who_o assert_n num_fw-la 12._o that_n if_o the_o taker_n bring_v a_o pirate_n to_o a_o port_n and_o the_o judge_n refuse_v or_o delay_n justice_n so_o that_o the_o taker_n must_v lose_v than_o the_o taker_n may_v execute_v justice_n himself_o for_o this_o be_v to_o make_v every_o man_n judge_n not_o only_o of_o the_o pirate_n but_o of_o the_o judge_n to_o who_o application_n be_v make_v and_o a_o private_a person_n may_v as_o well_o pretend_v that_o if_o a_o judge_n delay_v or_o deny_v justice_n against_o such_o as_o we_o pretend_v do_v either_o rob_v or_o affront_v we_o we_o may_v do_v justice_n upon_o they_o ourselves_o contrary_a to_o many_o law_n and_o particular_o to_o l._n nullus_fw-la c._n de_fw-fr judaeis_n the_o same_o learned_a author_n juris_fw-la maritimi_fw-la do_v tell_v we_o cap._n 4._o num_fw-la 14._o that_n if_o a_o spaniard_n rob_v a_o frenchman_n on_o the_o high_a sea_n both_o their_o prince_n be_v in_o amity_n among_o themselves_o and_o with_o england_n and_o that_o the_o ship_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o port_n of_o enland_n the_o frenchman_n may_v proceed_v against_o the_o spaniard_n to_o punish_v he_o but_o if_o the_o ship_n be_v bring_v intra_fw-la prasidia_fw-la of_o that_o prince_n by_o who_o subject_n the_o same_o be_v take_v it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o he_o can_v proceed_v criminal_o but_o the_o taker_n must_v resort_v to_o the_o pirate_n own_o country_n or_o where_o he_o carry_v the_o ship_n but_o in_o my_o opinion_n a_o pirate_n may_v be_v judge_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o any_o nation_n for_o he_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o all_o nation_n and_o though_o he_o be_v not_o deprehend_v commit_v a_o crime_n in_o the_o sea_n of_o that_o prince_n or_o state_n within_o which_o he_o be_v deprehend_v and_o so_o seem_v not_o liable_a to_o their_o jurisdiction_n nec_fw-la ratione_fw-la loci_fw-la delicti_fw-la nec_fw-la originis_fw-la nec_fw-la domicilii_fw-la yet_o he_o who_o be_v of_o no_o nation_n be_v of_o all_o nation_n as_o vagabond_n be_v and_o he_o who_o be_v a_o equal_a enemy_n to_o all_o nation_n commit_v a_o crime_n against_o every_o nation_n iv._o though_o the_o admiral_n criminal_a jurisdiction_n extend_v no_o further_a than_o crime_n commit_v at_o sea_n or_o within_o flood-mark_a yet_o he_o be_v some_o time_n judge_v ratione_fw-la contingentiae_fw-la &_o ob_fw-la continentiam_fw-la causae_fw-la as_o if_o a_o man_n rescue_v a_o pirate_n out_o of_o prison_n though_o this_o crime_n be_v commit_v without_o flood-mark_a yet_o the_o admiral_n be_v judge_n because_o it_o have_v dependence_n upon_o and_o arise_v from_o the_o principal_a crime_n to_o which_o he_o be_v judge_n and_o if_o the_o admiral_n begin_v to_o present_a pirate_n or_o malefactor_n at_o sea_n he_o may_v continue_v his_o pursuit_n and_o apprehend_v they_o at_o land_n and_o without_o his_o own_o jurisdiction_n but_o he_o must_v in_o that_o case_n seek_v concurrence_n from_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o place_n locen_n cap._n 3._o num_fw-la 2._o v._o though_o the_o admiral_n have_v a_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n yet_o some_o allege_v that_o he_o have_v not_o this_o proper_o as_o admiral_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o commission_n of_o justiciary_a contain_v in_o his_o gift_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o admiral_n proceed_v to_o thy_o crime_n the_o court_n be_v not_o call_v the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n simple_o as_o in_o other_o case_n but_o the_o court_n of_o justiciary_a of_o the_o admiralty_n it_o be_v likewise_o doubt_v whether_o the_o admiral_n have_v the_o sole_a power_n of_o judge_a crime_n commit_v at_o sea_n or_o if_o the_o justice_n have_v a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n with_o they_o and_o may_v preveen_v and_o that_o the_o justice_n have_v a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n be_v clear_a for_o i_o find_v that_o in_o anno_fw-la 1613._o the_o justice_n do_v hang_v one_o john_n davidson_n and_o john_n allows_v english_a pirate_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 1610._o they_o hang_v peter_n love_n john_n cock_n and_o other_o likewise_o english_a pirate_n which_o last_o be_v hang_v upon_o their_o own_o confession_n emit_v before_o the_o privy_a council_n and_o all_o of_o they_o be_v hang_v within_o flood-mark_a i_o have_v likewise_o see_v the_o justice_n advocate_n cause_n from_o the_o admiral_n court_n but_o whether_o the_o admiral_n sentence_n in_o criminal_n can_v be_v reduce_v by_o the_o criminal_a court_n as_o their_o sentence_n in_o civil_n can_v be_v reduce_v before_o the_o session_n i_o will_v not_o determine_v title_n x._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o commissar_n in_o criminal_n 1._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o churchman_n 2._o our_o commissar_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o verbal_a injury_n 3._o how_o far_o they_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o improbation_n i._o churchman_n be_v discharge_v to_o sit_v judge_n in_o crime_n and_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o greek_a church_n give_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o bloodless_a jurisdiction_n upon_o which_o account_n the_o law_n give_v they_o audientiam_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la do_fw-mi c._n the_o episcop_n audient_fw-la with_o we_o these_o bishop_n abstain_v from_o vot_v in_o criminal_a process_n bring_v in_o to_o the_o parliament_n though_o there_o they_o sit_v as_o heritor_n rather_o than_o as_o mere_a churchman_n and_o so_o may_v pretend_v to_o a_o voice_n upon_o that_o account_n ii_o the_o commissar_n be_v the_o bishop_n official_o and_o so_o have_v least_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n of_o all_o other_o court_n but_o yet_o they_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o verbal_a injury_n which_o be_v by_o the_o law_n account_v crime_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o be_v the_o only_a judge_n competent_a to_o this_o crime_n be_v because_o that_o court_n as_o be_v a_o ecclesiastic_a court_n &_o curia_fw-la christianitatis_fw-la consider_v these_o verbal_a injury_n as_o scandal_n and_o so_o they_o be_v allow_v not_o only_o to_o punish_v the_o same_o with_o pecuniary_a mulct_n but_o with_o church_n censure_n such_o as_o to_o make_v the_o offender_n stand_v at_o the_o church_n door_n to_o expiate_v a_o slander_n though_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o
inflict_v of_o such_o punishment_n be_v only_o proper_a to_o kirk_n session_n the_o 15._o of_o february_n 1669._o but_o though_o they_o be_v the_o only_a judge_n competent_a to_o verbal_a injury_n where_o they_o be_v scandal_n yet_o in_o verbal_a injury_n do_v to_o person_n of_o quality_n which_o be_v call_v in_o law_n scandala_fw-la magnatum_fw-la the_o council_n sustain_v itself_o judge_v competent_a the_o king_n be_v as_o the_o author_n so_o the_o protector_n of_o all_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o peerage_n and_o in_o verbal_a injury_n likewise_o do_v to_o magistrate_n the_o council_n be_v also_o judge_n magistrate_n represent_v the_o king_n and_o be_v his_o instrument_n in_o the_o government_n when_o verbal_a injury_n be_v do_v by_o member_n of_o a_o court_n to_o one_o another_o that_o court_n be_v likewise_o judge_v competent_a all_o court_n how_o inferior_a soever_o have_v a_o innat_fw-la power_n to_o chastise_v its_o own_o member_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o esteem_n due_a to_o itself_o and_o therefore_o if_o any_o stranger_n who_o have_v a_o process_n depend_v before_o any_o other_o court_n as_o the_o session_n sheriff_n etc._n etc._n do_v abuse_v contumelious_o any_o three_o party_n though_o no_o member_n yet_o these_o respective_a court_n may_v punish_v the_o same_o if_o the_o injury_n be_v do_v in_o face_n of_o judgement_n and_o if_o it_o be_v do_v to_o any_o inferior_a judge_n extrajudicial_o that_o judge_n if_o he_o be_v in_o the_o actual_a exercise_n of_o his_o office_n he_o may_v likewise_o punish_v the_o same_o except_o the_o offender_n be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o judge_n extrajudicial_o injure_v must_v complain_v to_o the_o lord_n but_o can_v imprison_v they_o summary_o because_o if_o this_o be_v allow_v these_o member_n may_v be_v abstract_v from_o serve_v the_o liedge_n as_o a_o advocate_n when_o he_o be_v to_o plead_v a_o cause_n or_o a_o clerk_n when_o he_o be_v to_o give_v out_o a_o decreet_a and_o this_o last_o have_v be_v frequent_o so_o decide_v though_o verbal_a injury_n amount_v to_o scandal_n be_v only_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o commissar_n yet_o where_o they_o have_v nothing_o in_o they_o of_o scandal_n but_o be_v rather_o reflection_n upon_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v as_o to_o call_v a_o gentleman_n a_o puppy_n or_o a_o ass_n it_o may_v be_v the_o privy_a council_n and_o not_o the_o commissar_n be_v judge_n competent_a the_o commissar_n be_v also_o judge_n competent_a to_o adultery_n in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v divorce_n vid._n tit_n adulterii_fw-la iii_o how_o far_o the_o commissar_n and_o inferior_a judge_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o the_o improve_n of_o writ_n and_o declare_v they_o false_a have_v be_v various_o decide_v but_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o conclusion_n 1._o no_o inferior_a judge_n be_v competent_a to_o try_v the_o falsehood_n of_o writ_n by_o the_o indirect_a manner_n of_o improbation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o presumption_n for_o that_o way_n of_o trial_n be_v in_o effect_n nobilis_fw-la officii_fw-la be_v only_o competent_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n 2._o commissar_n and_o other_o inferior_a judge_n be_v only_o competent_a to_o improbation_n even_o where_o the_o direct_a manner_n be_v extant_a if_o improbation_n be_v propon_v by_o way_n of_o exception_n or_o reply_n for_o then_o the_o trial_n of_o falsehood_n fall_v in_o necessary_o as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o process_n and_o without_o this_o be_v allow_v to_o these_o inferior_a judge_n they_o can_v proceed_v in_o no_o case_n for_o if_o a_o pursuit_n be_v intent_a before_o they_o upon_o a_o bond_n they_o behove_v to_o sist_z if_o the_o bond_n be_v allege_v to_o be_v false_a or_o to_o stop_v if_o the_o defender_n shall_v offer_v to_o improve_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o summons_n but_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o competent_a by_o way_n of_o action_n even_o where_o the_o direct_a manner_n be_v extant_a as_o be_v decide_v the_o last_o of_o november_n 1630._o williamson_n contra_fw-la cushney_n 3._o if_o the_o commissar_n or_o other_o inferior_a judge_n pronounce_v once_o a_o decreet_a he_o can_v thereafter_o reduce_v his_o own_o decreet_a as_o have_v proceed_v upon_o false_a execution_n though_o the_o execution_n be_v give_v by_o his_o own_o officer_n since_o they_o be_v only_a judge_n competent_a to_o such_o forgery_n incidenter_n but_o after_o sentence_n they_o be_v functi_fw-la as_o be_v find_v the_o 29._o of_o january_n 1677._o cowan_n contra_fw-la the_o commissar_n of_o glasgows_n phiscal_n and_o according_a to_o these_o conclusion_n the_o late_a instruction_n give_v to_o the_o commissar_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v title_n xi_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o regality_n in_o criminal_n 1._o the_o origine_fw-la of_o regality_n 2._o they_o be_v account_v inferior_a judicatur_n 3._o why_o the_o heritor_n of_o a_o regality_n be_v call_v a_o lord_n of_o regality_n 4._o whether_o his_o majesty_n may_v erect_v regality_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o heritable_a jurisdiction_n 5._o they_o can_v repledge_v in_o case_n of_o treason_n nor_o from_o justice_n air_n 6._o the_o difference_n betwixt_o ecclesiastic_a and_o laic_a regality_n and_o from_o who_o they_o may_v repledge_a 7._o the_o form_n of_o a_o repledgiation_n 8._o regalities_n must_v have_v a_o burgh_n of_o regality_n and_o to_o what_o that_o burgh_n be_v tie_v 9_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o lord_n of_o regalities_n power_n i._o by_o the_o feudal_n law_n to_o which_o regality_n owe_v their_o origine_fw-la alia_fw-la erant_fw-la regalia_z alia_fw-la erant_fw-la feuda_fw-la regalem_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la habentia_fw-la which_o be_v the_o same_o difference_n in_o our_o law_n betwixt_o regalia_z and_o regality_n regalia_z be_v such_o privilege_n as_o immediate_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o do_v not_o original_o belong_v to_o nor_o can_v be_v communicate_v by_o any_o else_o such_o as_o to_o coin_v money_n to_o open_a mine_n of_o silver_n gold_n etc._n etc._n but_o regality_n be_v fews_n which_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n to_o a_o subject_a they_o have_v as_o large_a a_o jurisdiction_n as_o the_o sheriff_n have_v in_o civil_n or_o the_o justice_n in_o criminal_o the_o habilis_fw-la modus_fw-la of_o grant_v which_o right_n be_v by_o signator_n whereupon_o a_o charter_n follow_v which_o pass_v the_o great_a seal_n ii_o regality_n be_v account_v inferior_a judicatur_n cap_n 76._o quon_n attach_v by_o which_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o no_o inferior_a judge_n shall_v judge_v the_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o regality_n be_v express_o number_v among_o inferior_a court_n act_n 173._o parl._n 13._o k._n ja._n 6._o by_o which_o it_o be_v likewise_o statute_n that_o he_o who_o strike_v any_o person_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o justice_n shall_v incur_v the_o pain_n of_o death_n but_o he_o who_o strike_v any_o before_o the_o sheriff_n lord_n of_o regality_n or_o other_o inferior_a judge_n shall_v only_o pay_v a_o hundred_o pound_n but_o though_o they_o be_v account_v inferior_a judge_n when_o compare_v with_o the_o justice_n or_o commissioner_n of_o justiciary_a yet_o they_o have_v great_a power_n in_o the_o way_n of_o their_o procedor_fw-la and_o in_o the_o proportion_v of_o their_o fine_n than_o sheriff_n or_o other_o inferior_a judge_n have_v for_o they_o may_v fine_v in_o a_o hundred_o pound_n though_o sheriff_n and_o other_o can_v as_o be_v find_v the_o 30_o of_o january_n 1663._o stewart_n against_o bogle_n and_o general_o they_o have_v the_o same_o power_n and_o the_o same_o allowance_n with_o the_o justice_n except_o when_o a_o express_a law_n make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o the_o 43._o act_n 11._o parl._n k._n ja._n 2._o appoint_v that_o no_o regality_n shall_v be_v grant_v without_o deliverance_n of_o parliament_n which_o nullity_n of_o old_a can_v not_o have_v be_v receive_v ope_v exceptionis_fw-la if_o it_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n have_v 1610._o and_o they_o be_v still_o subject_a to_o revocation_n by_o the_o king_n if_o they_o be_v otherwise_o grant_v as_o may_v be_v see_v by_o the_o revocation_n 1633._o and_o all_o precede_a iii_o he_o in_o who_o favour_n the_o regality_n be_v grant_v be_v still_o call_v the_o lord_n of_o regality_n though_o he_o be_v otherwise_o but_o a_o baron_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v because_o by_o the_o feudal_n law_n tria_fw-la erant_fw-la tantum_fw-la feuda_fw-la regalem_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la habentia_fw-la &_o quibus_fw-la inerat_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la regalis_fw-la viz_o ducatus_fw-la marchionatus_fw-la &_o comitatus_fw-la and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o no_o land_n can_v be_v comprehend_v under_o this_o jurisdiction_n by_o our_o law_n but_o such_o as_o belong_v to_o he_o in_o who_o favour_n that_o jurisdiction_n be_v grant_v either_o in_o property_n or_o superiority_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v find_v that_o his_o majesty_n palace_n though_o situate_v in_o burgh_n of_o
for_o above_o a_o hundred_o pound_n shall_v be_v sustain_v except_o it_o be_v otherwise_o warrant_v then_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o clerk_n albeit_o by_o the_o 75._o act_n parl._n 6._o k._n ja._n 5._o the_o baron_n precept_n for_o summons_n in_o that_o court_n be_v so_o call_v shall_v be_v execute_v as_o summons_n before_o the_o lord_n and_o copy_n shall_v be_v leave_v and_o they_o endorse_v upon_o yet_o the_o 11._o of_o july_n 1634._o hay_o against_o airth_n it_o be_v find_v that_o execution_n by_o a_o baron_n officer_n be_v valid_a though_o not_o give_v in_o writ_n and_o that_o the_o same_o be_v probable_a by_o witness_n iii_o a_o baron_n have_v power_n may_v judge_v of_o theft_n if_o the_o thief_n be_v take_v in_o the_o fang_n quon_n attach_v cap._n 100_o where_o it_o be_v statute_v that_o baro_fw-la qui_fw-la libertatem_fw-la habet_fw-la de_fw-la sock_n &_o sack_n towle_z &_o theme_n possunt_fw-la judicare_fw-la furem_fw-la sasitum_fw-la de_fw-la aliquo_fw-la furto_fw-la manifesto_fw-la sicut_fw-la haud_fw-la haebband_n &_o back_o beirand_a de_fw-fr praxi_fw-la baron_n do_v not_o punish_v slaughter_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o do_v so_o because_o 1._o the_o power_n of_o pit_n and_o gallow_n will_v import_v the_o power_n of_o judge_a life_n and_o death_n 2._o by_o the_o 77._o cap._n quon_n attach_v omnes_fw-la barrones_n qui_fw-la habent_fw-la furcam_fw-la &_o fossam_fw-la de_fw-la latrocinio_fw-la de_fw-la hominis_fw-la occissione_n habeant_fw-la furcam_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la curiam_fw-la as_o the_o marginal_a note_n bear_v and_o by_o the_o 13._o cap._n leg._n mal._n 2._o it_o be_v statute_n that_o malefactor_n who_o hold_v of_o baron_n may_v be_v condemn_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o other_o malefactor_n be_v except_o in_o the_o four_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n in_o which_o baron_n have_v no_o power_n from_o which_o it_o may_v be_v very_o clear_o infer_v that_o quo_fw-la ad_fw-la other_o crime_n they_o have_v nam_fw-la exceptio_fw-la firmat_n regulam_fw-la in_o non_fw-la exceptis_fw-la 3._o by_o the_o 91._o act_n parl._n 1_o i._o 2._o it_o be_v statute_n if_o a_o man_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o barony_n if_o the_o baron_n be_v infest_v with_o such_o freedom_n he_o may_v proceed_v as_o the_o sheriff_n do_v and_o albeit_o hope_v in_o his_o large_a practic_n observe_n that_o these_o word_n of_o the_o act_n if_o he_o be_v infest_v with_o such_o freedom_n may_v receive_v various_a interpretation_n yet_o i_o see_v no_o interpretation_n they_o can_v proper_o receive_v except_o this_o that_o these_o word_n be_v mean_v if_o he_o have_v the_o jurisdiction_n proper_a and_o competent_a to_o a_o baron_n which_o be_v pit_n and_o gallow_n nam_fw-la verba_fw-la generabia_fw-la interpretanda_fw-la sunt_fw-la secundum_fw-la subjectam_fw-la materiam_fw-la albeit_o wilful_a fire-raising_a be_v one_o of_o the_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n yet_o a_o baron_n may_v cognosce_fw-la upon_o and_o punish_v the_o raiser_n of_o fire_n rash_o within_o husband_n town_n in_o the_o barony_n i._o 1._o parl._n 4._o cap._n 75._o the_o word_n of_o which_o statute_n be_v if_o fire_n happen_v within_o husband_n town_n of_o barony_n we_o leave_v they_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o their_o lord_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o bailiff_n in_o town_n do_v within_o burgh_n in_o which_o act_n by_o the_o word_n lord_n be_v mean_v baron_n for_o they_o be_v in_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n call_v lord_n of_o their_o own_o land_n or_o barony_n a_o baron_n may_v unlaw_n for_o absence_n for_o ten_o pound_n but_o not_o above_o and_o for_o blood_n he_o may_v unlaw_n for_o fifty_o pound_n but_o not_o above_o vitle_n fourteen_o of_o justice_n of_o peace_n our_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v call_v irenarchae_fw-la which_o signify_v in_o the_o greek_a the_o keeper_n of_o the_o peace_n irenarchae_fw-la erant_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la tutelam_fw-la quietis_fw-la ac_fw-la pacis_fw-la per_fw-la singula_fw-la territoria_fw-la faciunt_fw-la stare_v concordiam_fw-la dicebantur_fw-la etiam_fw-la latrunculatores_fw-la sen_fw-la latronum_fw-la expulsores_fw-la their_o office_n be_v to_o apprehend_v rebel_n and_o thief_n who_o they_o can_v only_o examine_v and_o send_v to_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o province_n but_o can_v not_o judge_v they_o themselves_o their_o office_n be_v more_o full_o describe_v lib._n 10._o c._n tit_n 75._o but_o to_o speak_v proper_o latrunculatores_fw-la be_v our_o constable_n call_v by_o the_o greek_a lawyer_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d justice_n of_o peace_n and_o constable_n be_v once_o full_o settle_v among_o we_o by_o k._n i._n 6._o but_o their_o office_n have_v fall_v in_o desuetude_n it_o be_v revive_v by_o 38._o act_n 1._o parl._n 1_o sess._n k._n ch._n the_o 2._o by_o this_o act_n they_o be_v allow_v to_o meet_v four_o time_n in_o the_o year_n and_o to_o adjudge_v of_o servant_n fee_n and_o of_o mend_v the_o high_a way_n they_o have_v power_n to_o punish_v the_o cutter_n and_o destroyer_n of_o plant_v green_a wood_n slayer_n of_o red_a and_o black_a fish_n maker_n of_o moorburn_a keeper_n of_o crooves_n wilful_a beggar_n egyptian_n and_o their_o receptor_n drunkard_n prophaner_n of_o the_o sabbath_n as_o to_o all_o which_o his_o majesty_n promise_v to_o give_v they_o ample_a commission_n and_o to_o the_o end_n their_o power_n may_v not_o prejudge_v any_o other_o court_n former_o erect_v it_o be_v appoint_v by_o that_o act_n that_o fifteen_o day_n shall_v expire_v after_o the_o commit_n of_o the_o fact_n for_o which_o the_o committer_n be_v to_o be_v convene_v which_o interval_n be_v give_v to_o the_o judge_n competent_a to_o do_v diligence_n and_o if_o he_o omit_v the_o same_o during_o that_o time_n than_o the_o justice_n may_v judge_v the_o same_o and_o one_o justice_n have_v power_n to_o bind_v the_o party_n complain_v upon_o to_o the_o peace_n under_o such_o pecunial_a sum_n as_o he_o shall_v think_v fit_a and_o that_o either_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o complainer_n who_o shall_v give_v his_o oath_n that_o he_o dread_v harm_n or_o the_o justice_n himself_o may_v exact_v the_o sum_n though_o none_o complain_v and_o if_o any_o person_n be_v charge_v to_o make_v his_o appearance_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n shall_v refuse_v it_o he_o be_v a_o land_a man_n who_o rent_n exceed_v a_o thousand_o mark_n or_o ten_o chalder_n of_o victual_n than_o he_o shall_v inform_v any_o of_o his_o majesty_n privy_a council_n or_o if_o he_o be_v a_o mean_a person_n he_o may_v cause_n bring_v he_o by_o force_n before_o himself_o if_o the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n condemn_v any_o person_n in_o blood-weit_a or_o any_o other_o pain_n but_o not_o proportional_o to_o the_o offence_n then_o the_o justice_n shall_v inform_v the_o privy_a council_n that_o they_o may_v take_v order_n therewith_o but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o satisfaction_n make_v by_o the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n to_o the_o party_n the_o justice_n may_v modify_v a_o reasonable_a satisfaction_n if_o the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n do_v by_o collusion_n clear_v the_o delinquent_n of_o a_o assize_n the_o party_n once_o clear_v be_v not_o to_o be_v further_o question_v but_o the_o judge_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o privy_a council_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v declare_v judge_n competent_a to_o all_o riot_n and_o break_v of_o peace_n if_o the_o committeeâ—s_v be_v under_o the_o degree_n of_o nobleman_n prelate_n counsellor_n and_o senator_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n who_o may_v refer_v the_o summons_n to_o the_o party_n oath_n if_o he_o be_v personal_o summon_v and_o thereupon_o hold_v he_o as_o confess_v but_o if_o the_o summons_n be_v not_o personal_o execute_v than_o the_o defender_n be_v to_o be_v summon_v of_o new_a at_o his_o dwell_a house_n and_o these_o two_o citation_n at_o his_o dwell_a house_n shall_v be_v equivalent_a to_o one_o that_o be_v personal_a if_o the_o committer_n be_v above_o the_o foresay_a quality_n than_o the_o justice_n though_o they_o can_v judge_v they_o may_v for_o prevent_v of_o riot_n command_v they_o to_o find_v caution_n for_o keep_v of_o the_o peace_n and_o to_o compear_v before_o the_o privy_a council_n and_o though_o they_o compear_v not_o yet_o whatever_o breach_n they_o commit_v in_o the_o interim_n shall_v be_v repute_n as_o great_a a_o contravention_n as_o if_o they_o have_v find_v caution_n at_o the_o end_n of_o every_o quarter_n session_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v to_o send_v to_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o council_n a_o catalogue_n of_o all_o such_o person_n as_o they_o either_o have_v commit_v or_o have_v under_o surety_n with_o a_o short_a abreviat_fw-la of_o the_o cause_n thereof_o which_o be_v that_o which_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o the_o former_a title_n call_v transmittere_fw-la cum_fw-la elogio_fw-la to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o council_n may_v determine_v betwixt_o and_o the_o quarter_n session_n what_o shall_v be_v do_v with_o they_o
and_o the_o power_n of_o give_v of_o quarter_n be_v natural_o inherent_a in_o all_o soldier_n as_o such_o and_o as_o the_o council_n without_o express_a remission_n from_o the_o king_n upon_o submission_n may_v have_v secure_v their_o life_n so_o may_v soldier_n by_o quarter_n for_o they_o have_v as_o much_o power_n in_o the_o field_n as_o the_o other_o at_o the_o council_n table_n 2._o lawyer_n be_v very_o clear_a that_o quarter_n shall_v be_v keep_v though_o give_v to_o subject_n who_o be_v rebel_n grotius_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 19_o where_o after_o he_o have_v full_o treat_v that_o question_n de_fw-fr fide_fw-la servanda_fw-la conclude_v that_o side_n data_fw-la etiam_fw-la persidis_fw-la &_o rebellibus_fw-la subditis_fw-la est_fw-la servanda_fw-la and_o this_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o civil_a war_n in_o holland_n and_o france_n and_o by_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o father_n at_o home_n during_o the_o late_a trouble_n 3._o quarâ—er_o be_v advantageous_a to_o the_o king_n and_o so_o shall_v be_v keep_v for_o these_o who_o be_v take_v may_v have_v kill_v his_o majesty_n general_n or_o officer_n and_o by_o give_v quarter_n to_o his_o enemy_n he_o redeem_v his_o servant_n and_o if_o the_o only_a effect_n of_o quarter_n be_v to_o be_v reserve_v to_o a_o public_a trial_n none_o will_v accept_v quarter_n notwithstanding_o of_o which_o reply_n the_o defence_n be_v repel_v and_o the_o panel_n condemn_v and_o thereafter_o execute_v the_o second_o question_n be_v that_o which_o be_v debate_v in_o haddo_n case_n 16._o march_n 1642._o at_o which_o time_n that_o loyal_a gentleman_n haddo_n be_v pursue_v for_o kill_v mr._n james_n stalker_n servitor_n to_o the_o lord_n frazer_n he_o allege_v that_o the_o say_v mr._n james_n be_v kill_v in_o the_o open_a field_n in_o a_o conflict_n betwixt_o the_o convenanters_n and_o ante-covenanters_n all_o which_o act_v of_o ostility_n be_v remit_v by_o the_o pacification_n to_o which_o 〈◊〉_d be_v reply_v that_o the_o pacification_n do_v only_o secure_a against_o act_n of_o hostility_n which_o be_v do_v in_o furore_fw-la belli_fw-la but_o this_o be_v a_o private_a murder_n for_o the_o say_a mr._n james_n have_v be_v take_v a_o prisoner_n haddo_n do_v come_v up_o to_o he_o and_o ask_v who_o servant_n he_o be_v and_o hear_v that_o he_o be_v servant_n to_o the_o lord_n frazer_n he_o say_v your_o master_n man_n be_v the_o person_n that_o i_o be_o seek_v and_o thereupon_o order_v to_o kill_v he_o which_o be_v according_o do_v by_o which_o it_o clear_o appear_v that_o this_o be_v a_o private_a murder_n do_v in_o cold_a blood_n and_o upon_o premeditat_fw-la malice_n and_o mr._n james_n stalker_n be_v a_o prisoner_n any_o who_o kill_v he_o be_v liable_a for_o his_o murder_n ex_fw-la jure_fw-la militari_fw-la and_o the_o pacification_n can_v no_o more_o defend_v the_o committer_n then_o if_o he_o have_v go_v into_o a_o prison_n and_o kill_v a_o prisoner_n or_o if_o he_o have_v commit_v a_o rapt_v upon_o a_o woman_n likea_n murderer_n be_v express_o except_v from_o the_o pacification_n 2._o haddo_n be_v no_o general_a person_n and_o so_o can_v not_o give_v order_n for_o his_o execution_n and_o so_o the_o kill_n of_o the_o defunct_a be_v not_o warrantable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n to_o which_o it_o be_v duply_v that_o the_o pacification_n do_v secure_a against_o all_o deed_n whatsoever_o do_v upon_o the_o field_n by_o person_n engage_v in_o either_o party_n without_o debate_v whether_o the_o deed_n be_v lawful_o or_o unlawful_o do_v and_o the_o occasion_n and_o not_o the_o manner_n of_o kill_v be_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o as_o to_o the_o manner_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o mr._n james_n have_v never_o get_v any_o quarter_n and_o so_o be_v not_o a_o prisoner_n in_o war_n and_o therefore_o may_v have_v be_v kill_v by_o any_o engage_v in_o the_o quarrel_n whether_o general_a person_n or_o other_o but_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o say_a haddo_n do_v command_v that_o party_n which_o be_v equivalent_a to_o his_o be_v a_o general_a person_n and_o albeit_o the_o pacification_n do_v express_o except_o murder_n yet_o that_o behove_v only_o to_o be_v interpret_v of_o such_o murder_n as_o have_v no_o contingency_n with_o the_o trouble_n nor_o be_v occasion_v by_o they_o this_o debate_n be_v not_o decide_v but_o be_v remit_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o that_o worthy_a gentleman_n execute_v for_o rise_v in_o arm_n against_o the_o estate_n of_o parliament_n iii_o i_o find_v that_o there_o be_v a_o commission_n grant_v by_o the_o parliament_n in_o anno_fw-la 1644._o to_o two_o baily_n of_o edinburgh_n to_o sit_v and_o hold_v justice_n court_n upon_o such_o soldier_n as_o be_v runaway_n and_o that_o upon_o this_o commission_n james_n french_a be_v condemn_v by_o they_o for_o run_v away_o from_o his_o colour_n contrary_a to_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1644._o and_o be_v hang_v according_o from_o which_o these_o observation_n may_v be_v make_v 1._o that_o the_o justice_n be_v not_o judge_n competent_a to_o crime_n that_o be_v mere_o military_a 2._o that_o we_o have_v no_o stand_a law_n for_o execute_v runaway_n beside_o the_o martial_a law_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o law_n found_v upon_o this_o indictment_n except_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1644._o which_o be_v now_o abrogat_fw-la 3._o it_o be_v observable_a that_o one_o mr._n alexander_n henderson_n as_o procurator_n fiscal_n and_o not_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n be_v here_o pursuer_fw-mi from_o all_o which_o it_o seem_v somewhat_o strange_a that_o this_o process_n shall_v have_v be_v insert_v in_o the_o adjournal_n book_n iu._n but_o albeit_o deserter_n be_v here_o punish_v with_o death_n yet_o regulariter_fw-la milites_fw-la gregarij_fw-la or_o list_a soldier_n be_v only_o punishable_a in_o time_n of_o peace_n with_o degredation_n and_o in_o time_n of_o war_n with_o death_n because_o the_o hazard_n be_v then_o great_a l._n 5._o §_o 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr remilit_fw-la and_o by_o that_o law_n they_o may_v be_v kill_v by_o any_o man_n lib._n 2._o cod._n quando_fw-la liciat_a unic_n etc._n etc._n but_o this_o arbitrary_a kill_n be_v not_o now_o in_o use_n as_o voet_n de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr militat_fw-la very_o well_o observe_v if_o superior_a officer_n leave_v their_o charge_n they_o commit_v treason_n l._n 2._o ff_n ad_fw-la leg_n jul_a maje_v vid._n tit_n treason_n v._o constantine_n have_v extinguish_v the_o office_n of_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la who_o be_v the_o supreme_a judge_n in_o all_o military_a case_n the_o magistri_fw-la militum_fw-la succeed_v and_o be_v sole_a judge_n of_o all_o crime_n commit_v by_o soldier_n both_o in_o civil_a and_o in_o military_a case_n and_o if_o soldier_n have_v offend_v the_o civil_a magistrate_n may_v have_v secure_v but_o he_o be_v obledge_v to_o remit_v they_o cum_fw-la elogio_fw-la to_o their_o own_o officer_n l._n 9_o ff_n de_fw-fr custod_n reor_fw-la vid._n tit_n c._n de_fw-fr remilit_fw-la title_n xvii_o advocation_n of_o criminal_a cause_n 1._o advocation_n define_v 2._o no_o advocation_n from_o the_o justice_n 3._o how_o advocation_n be_v raise_v from_o inferior_a court_n and_o the_o form_n thereto_o relate_v 4._o the_o ordinary_a reason_n of_o advocation_n examine_v 5._o whether_o the_o justice_n be_v proper_a judge_n to_o their_o own_o competency_n i._o advocation_n be_v the_o away_o call_v of_o a_o intend_a cause_n or_o pursuit_n from_o a_o inferior_a incompetent_a judicatory_a to_o a_o high_a and_o more_o competent_a and_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n with_o we_o that_o recusatio_fw-la judicis_fw-la be_v with_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v by_o the_o doctor_n call_v advocatio_fw-la or_o evocatio_fw-la which_o be_v by_o they_o define_v to_o be_v litis_fw-la pendentis_fw-la coram_fw-la inferiore_fw-la ad_fw-la superiorem_fw-la absque_fw-la provocatione_n facta_fw-la translatio_fw-la gail_n lib._n 1._o ob_n 41_o num_fw-la 7._o and_o be_v found_v upon_o cap._n ut_fw-la nostrum_fw-la de_fw-la appell_n &_o l._n jud_v solvitur_fw-la ff_n de_fw-mi jud_v ii_o their_a be_v no_o advocation_n raise_v of_o pursuit_n intent_a before_o the_o justice_n but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o design_n of_o stop_v a_o pursuit_n depend_v before_o they_o there_o use_v to_o be_v a_o petition_n give_v in_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o secret_a council_n who_o if_o they_o find_v the_o desire_n of_o the_o petition_n just_a will_v ordain_v the_o justice_n to_o stop_v all_o further_a procedor_fw-la or_o will_v remit_v the_o inquiry_n to_o any_o other_o court_n as_o they_o do_v in_o a_o pursuit_n intent_a at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o caithness_n against_o some_o vassal_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o sutherland_n which_o they_o stop_v as_o to_o the_o earl_n himself_o and_o ordain_v his_o vassal_n to_o be_v pursue_v before_o his_o own_o regality_n court_n sometime_o also_o they_o ordain_v assessor_n to_o be_v justice_n so_o that_o there_o be_v never_o a_o cause_n formal_o advocate_n from_o before_o the_o justice_n
thus_o forasmeikle_n as_o by_o such_o particular_a act_n of_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n murder_n etc._n etc._n be_v prohibit_v and_o the_o pain_n declare_v to_o etc._n etc._n yet_o you_o a._n b._n do_v upon_o the_o 27._o day_n at_o least_o month_n etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v write_v only_o by_o the_o justice_n clerk_n without_o a_o bill_n and_o pass_v not_o the_o signet_n nor_o need_v it_o be_v execute_v with_o the_o solemnity_n requisite_a in_o libel_v summons_n by_o messenger_n in_o ordinary_a crime_n and_o herald_n in_o treason_n but_o may_v be_v give_v by_o the_o clerk_n servant_n as_o be_v find_v in_o a_o pursuit_n of_o treason_n pursue_v by_o way_n of_o indictment_n against_o mackulloch_n gordoun_n and_o other_o 5._o decemb._n 1666._o it_o need_v not_o likewise_o these_o inducias_fw-la deliberatorias_fw-la allow_v to_o such_o as_o be_v at_o liberty_n and_o be_v pursue_v by_o a_o libel_v summons_n but_o a_o day_n or_o two_o be_v sufficient_a and_o sometime_o they_o may_v be_v pursue_v without_o any_o time_n to_o be_v allow_v for_o this_o procedure_n be_v in_o effect_n the_o same_o with_o that_o inquisition_n special_o treat_v of_o by_o the_o civilian_n there_o be_v likewise_o this_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o indictment_n and_o a_o accusation_n that_o a_o indictment_n proper_o be_v a_o libel_n raise_v at_o the_o king_n instance_n and_o not_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o any_o private_a person_n for_o in_o accusation_n or_o libel_n raise_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o private_a person_n as_o pursuer_n there_o must_v be_v a_o formal_a libel_v summons_n under_o the_o signet_n so_o cap._n 1._o r._n m._n lib._n 1._o num_fw-la 7._o &_o 8._o it_o be_v say_v that_o theft_n and_o murder_n by_o indictment_n belong_v to_o the_o justice_n because_o there_o the_o king_n or_o his_o advocate_n pursue_v but_o where_o a_o certain_a accuser_n appear_v a_o pursuit_n upon_o these_o crime_n may_v be_v intent_a before_o the_o sheriff_n and_o skeen_n upon_o that_o chapter_n and_o likewise_o upon_o the_o 2._o cap._n num_fw-la 2._o david_n stat._n 2._o do_v observe_v that_o all_o criminal_a accusation_n be_v either_o by_o a_o indictment_n or_o by_o a_o certain_a accuser_n and_o from_o this_o difference_n arise_v that_o other_o difference_n that_o crimen_fw-la per_fw-la indictamentum_fw-la be_v only_o pursuable_a before_o the_o justice_n which_o be_v clear_a both_o by_o the_o forecited_a place_n and_o the_o whole_a tract_n of_o the_o book_n of_o r._n m._n but_o this_o last_o difference_n be_v now_o absolet_n for_o of_o late_a before_o the_o sheriff_n or_o at_o inferior_a court_n malefactor_n may_v be_v pursue_v either_o by_o a_o libel_v summons_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o any_o particular_a accuser_n or_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o procurator_n fiskal_n by_o way_n of_o indictment_n which_o practic_a be_v most_o reasonable_a for_o it_o be_v against_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o sheriff_n and_o inferior_a judge_n who_o great_a duty_n and_o chief_a employment_n it_o be_v to_o advert_v to_o crime_n shall_v not_o have_v liberty_n to_o pursue_v without_o the_o concourse_n of_o a_o accuser_n it_o be_v indeed_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n ne_fw-la crimina_fw-la maneant_fw-la impunita_fw-la and_o therefore_o in_o crime_n which_o immediate_o concern_v the_o welfare_n of_o the_o state_n such_o as_o treason_n sedition_n etc._n etc._n every_o man_n may_v be_v a_o accuser_n but_o it_o be_v likewise_o the_o advantage_n of_o every_o private_a person_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v lawful_a to_o every_o malicious_a enemy_n upon_o the_o pretence_n of_o a_o public_a good_a to_o trouble_v and_o vex_v such_o against_o who_o they_o carry_v malice_n upon_o a_o pretence_n of_o a_o criminal_a pursuit_n and_o therefore_o according_a to_o the_o the_o common_a law_n in_o privatis_fw-la delictis_fw-la non_fw-la admittebatur_fw-la ad_fw-la accusâ—ndum_fw-la nisi_fw-la qui_fw-la svam_fw-la aut_fw-la suorum_fw-la injuriam_fw-la insequebatur_fw-la and_o farinac_n state_n suorum_fw-la injuriam_fw-la to_o extend_v ad_fw-la quartum_fw-la gradum_fw-la and_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v extend_v with_o we_o within_o degree_n defendant_n and_o that_o every_o person_n may_v not_o in_o our_o law_n pursue_v any_o private_a crime_n appear_v from_o the_o former_a chapter_n iii_o a_o minor_a may_v not_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n accuse_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o tutor_n and_o curator_n and_o where_o it_o be_v say_v l._n 4._o r._n m._n c._n 2._o that_o a_o major_a be_v of_o lawful_a age_n he_o may_v accuse_v it_o insinuat_v that_o minor_n regular_o can_v accuse_v and_o suitable_a to_o this_o the_o justice_n refuse_v to_o grant_v process_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o william_n umphray_v against_o john_n meldrum_n because_o the_o say_v william_n be_v minor_a and_o have_v no_o legal_a concourse_n 29._o of_o july_n 1597._o which_o be_v found_v upon_o most_o convince_a reason_n for_o minor_n may_v by_o ill_o govern_v youth_n and_o imprudence_n either_o pursue_v injust_o such_o as_o be_v most_o innocent_a or_o else_o by_o manage_v unwise_o the_o criminal_a pursuit_n if_o it_o be_v competent_a to_o they_o they_o may_v prejudge_v both_o themselves_o and_o the_o commonwealth_n in_o suffer_v the_o defender_n to_o be_v cleanse_v by_o a_o verdict_n after_o which_o absolvitour_n the_o defender_n can_v not_o be_v again_o bring_v to_o a_o trial_n nor_o will_v the_o minor_a be_v restore_v against_o the_o sentence_n and_o yet_o a_o minor_a may_v crave_v at_o the_o bar_n that_o the_o justice_n will_v allow_v he_o curatoâ—s_n ad_fw-la light_n which_o desire_n the_o justice_n will_v grant_v 24._o july_n 1600._o spence_n contrae_fw-la bannatine_n iv._o a_o woman_n according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n can_v not_o accuse_v in_o no_o case_n except_o where_o she_o be_v revenge_v the_o injury_n do_v to_o herself_o husband_n or_o relation_n and_o in_o the_o former_a chapter_n it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o woman_n can_v accuse_v none_o of_o felony_n except_o in_o some_o particular_a case_n which_o appear_v to_o be_v by_o the_o 5._o chap._n num_fw-la 8._o the_o murder_n of_o she_o own_o husband_n quia_fw-la una_fw-la caro_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la vir_fw-la &_o uxir_n and_o n._n 9_o it_o be_v general_o ordain_v that_o a_o woman_n may_v be_v allow_v to_o pursue_v any_o injury_n do_v to_o she_o own_o body_n from_o which_o we_o may_v general_o conclude_v that_o she_o may_v pursue_v svam_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la suorum_fw-la injuriam_fw-la wrong_v do_v to_o herself_o but_o not_o wrong_n do_v to_o her_o relation_n v._o whether_o a_o person_n at_o the_o horn_n or_o excommunicate_a may_v pursue_v appear_v to_o be_v debateable_a for_o the_o one_o opinion_n it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o it_o be_v for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o crime_n remain_v not_o unpunished_a 2._o civil_a rebellion_n or_o excommunication_n non_fw-la tollunt_fw-la jura_fw-la naturae_fw-la among_o the_o chief_a whereof_o lawyer_n esteem_v the_o liberty_n of_o pursue_v the_o wrong_n do_v to_o relation_n and_o much_o more_o the_o wrong_n do_v to_o one_o self_n in_o his_o person_n or_o good_a name_n 3._o such_o as_o be_v rebel_n for_o civil_a pursuite_n non_fw-la possunt_fw-la impunae_fw-la offendi_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o appear_v most_o reasonable_a that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v debar_v from_o pursue_v wrong_n do_v they_o for_o if_o a_o person_n at_o the_o horn_n can_v not_o pursue_v the_o wrong_n do_v he_o than_o any_o person_n may_v injure_v he_o at_o pleasure_n see_v the_o fear_n of_o pursuit_n and_o the_o punishment_n depend_v thereupon_o be_v that_o which_o ordinary_o overaw_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi but_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o 1._o by_o the_o 11._o cap._n stat._n will._n these_o who_o contemn_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o church_n shall_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o accuse_v 2._o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o law_n that_o frustra_fw-la legem_fw-la implorat_fw-la qui_fw-la coptra_fw-la legem_fw-la peccat_fw-la 3._o a_o person_n at_o the_o horn_n be_v by_o the_o english_a law_n always_o and_o oftentimes_o in_o our_o law_n say_v to_o be_v outlaw_v and_o to_o be_v outlaw_v import_v the_o lose_v all_o the_o privilege_n of_o law_n and_o in_o our_o law_n they_o be_v say_v non_fw-la habere_fw-la personam_fw-la standi_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la nor_o put_v our_o law_n any_o distinction_n betwixt_o civil_a and_o criminal_a cause_n for_o reconcile_a which_o difficulty_n it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o there_o be_v a_o distinction_n betwixt_o the_o be_v outlaw_v for_o a_o criminal_a or_o civil_a cause_n and_o that_o these_o who_o be_v denounce_v fugitive_n upon_o any_o criminal_a account_n can_v be_v pursue_v till_o they_o be_v relaxt_v which_o be_v incontraverted_o true_a in_o our_o law_n see_v if_o a_o person_n be_v denounce_v for_o not_o find_v caution_n for_o his_o appearance_n to_o under_o the_o law_n he_o will_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o propon_n any_o defence_n till_o he_o be_v relaxt_v
less_o shall_v he_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v allow_v to_o examine_v the_o witness_n since_o that_o be_v not_o allow_v to_o the_o advocat_n for_o the_o defender_n advocat_n with_o we_o in_o criminal_n be_v call_v prolocutor_n 3._o no_o person_n shall_v â—lead_v or_o consult_v in_o reduction_n of_o forefaulter_n without_o leave_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n act_n 135._o ja._n 6._o parl._n 8._o but_o in_o other_o pursuit_n of_o treason_n no_o advocate_n be_v obliedge_v to_o crave_v a_o licence_n and_o even_o the_o foresay_a act_n be_v abrogate_a act_n 38._o parl._n 11._o ja._n 6._o which_o grant_v only_a liberty_n to_o plead_v in_o all_o treason_n pursue_v before_o the_o parliament_n but_o by_o the_o 90._o act._n parl._n 11._o ja._n 6._o advocat_n be_v allow_v before_o all_o court_n to_o plead_v without_o licence_n and_o power_n be_v grant_v to_o judge_n to_o compel_v they_o to_o plead_v in_o such_o case_n and_o the_o former_a restriction_n have_v be_v found_v upon_o c._n falicis_fw-la de_fw-la paenit_fw-la in_o 6._o where_o to_o plead_v for_o traitor_n be_v discharge_v nisi_fw-la concedatur_fw-la licentia_fw-la when_o advocats-assist_a panel_n especial_o in_o treason_n they_o use_v to_o protest_v that_o no_o escape_n of_o they_o in_o plead_v may_v be_v misconstruct_v since_o what_o they_o say_v be_v rather_o ratione_fw-la officii_fw-la then_o ex_fw-la proprio_fw-la motu_fw-la as_o we_o see_v in_o balmerinochs_n case_n and_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v severe_a in_o such_o case_n to_o advocat_n since_o they_o be_v accustom_v to_o much_o freedom_n and_o be_v oftentimes_o transport_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o opposition_n and_o zeal_n to_o there_o client_n nor_o will_v man_n have_v any_o to_o engage_v in_o their_o defence_n against_o such_o pursuit_n if_o this_o liberty_n be_v not_o allow_v and_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n not_o to_o allow_v it_o where_o they_o be_v force_v to_o plead_v as_o they_o ordinary_o be_v in_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o yet_o if_o any_o advocate_n will_v defend_v his_o own_o escape_n against_o authority_n he_o may_v be_v punish_v by_o deprivation_n but_o his_o punishment_n extend_v no_o further_o even_o where_o he_o speak_v treason_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o senate_n of_o savoy_n cod._n fabr_n do_fw-mi de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la defin_n 19_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n procurator_n be_v admit_v for_o the_o defender_n where_o the_o pain_n to_o be_v inflict_v be_v not_o corporal_a for_o the_o reason_n why_o personal_a presence_n be_v requisite_a viz._n that_o the_o defender_n may_v undergo_v what_o be_v inflict_v do_v here_o cease_v and_o yet_o with_o we_o the_o defender_n must_v still_o be_v present_a even_o where_o the_o pain_n to_o be_v inflict_v be_v pecuniary_a such_o as_o in_o cut_v of_o green_a wood_n steal_v of_o bee_n etc._n etc._n because_o the_o certification_n of_o the_o letter_n with_o we_o be_v still_o to_o compear_v to_o under_o the_o law_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o rebellion_n and_o have_v not_o those_o word_n adjoin_v or_o to_o show_v a_o reasonable_a cause_n which_o be_v add_v in_o summons_n for_o civil_a cause_n be_v a_o sufficient_a warrant_n for_o the_o constitute_v a_o procurator_n nobleman_n likewise_o may_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n compear_v by_o their_o procurator_n but_o this_o be_v not_o allow_v with_o we_o procurators_n may_v likewise_o by_o that_o law_n be_v admit_v to_o propon_n the_o incompetency_n of_o the_o judge_n even_o in_o the_o case_n where_o there_o be_v a_o statute_n appoint_v the_o defender_n to_o compear_v personal_o which_o shall_v much_o more_o be_v allow_v with_o we_o where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o statute_n but_o where_o this_o necessity_n be_v impose_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o letter_n boss._n tit_n a_o incrimin_n num_fw-la 13.14_o faâ—in_n de_fw-fr var._n quest_n 99_o num_fw-la 168._o and_o yet_o i_o have_v see_v those_o who_o kill_v armstrong_n the_o customer_n outlaw_v july_n 1668._o albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v they_o dwell_v within_o the_o regality_n of_o annandale_n and_o so_o they_o shall_v be_v repledged_a which_o be_v repel_v because_o they_o be_v not_o present_a yet_o the_o reason_n may_v be_v because_o the_o justice_n be_v judge_n competent_a eo_fw-la casu_fw-la and_o the_o replegiation_n be_v a_o privilege_n with_o which_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n may_v have_v dispense_v and_o so_o be_v competent_a only_o to_o he_o and_o to_o the_o defender_n who_o shall_v have_v compear_v in_o omnem_fw-la eventum_fw-la procurator_n be_v also_o allow_v to_o propone_v excuse_n for_o absent_v etc._n etc._n sine_fw-la mandato_fw-la si_fw-la excusationes_fw-la illa_fw-la sunt_fw-la facti_fw-la &_o necessariae_fw-la as_o be_v sickness_n imprisonment_n etc._n etc._n sed_fw-la ad_fw-la allegandum_fw-la causas_fw-la probabiles_fw-la &_o necessarias_fw-la absentiae_fw-la such_o as_o the_o want_n of_o a_o safe_a conduct_n requiritur_fw-la mandatum_fw-la quia_fw-la absens_fw-la iis_fw-la renunciare_fw-la potest_fw-la &_o non_fw-la constat_fw-la de_fw-fr ipsius_fw-la voluntate_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la mandatum_fw-la which_o distinction_n i_o think_v unnecessar_n because_o it_o be_v always_o presume_v that_o the_o defender_n will_v willing_o have_v himself_o defend_v and_o with_o we_o a_o mandate_n be_v not_o necessary_a if_o a_o advocate_n be_v employ_v for_o his_o gown_n be_v his_o warrant_n and_o where_o a_o advocate_n be_v employ_v i_o think_v the_o cautioner_n may_v be_v admit_v albeit_o he_o have_v no_o warrant_n quia_fw-la qui_fw-la satisdat_fw-la dicitur_fw-la habere_fw-la mandatum_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la farin_fw-mi ibid._n part_n 2._o num_fw-la 283._o and_o the_o cautioner_n defend_v himself_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la see_v if_o the_o reason_n of_o absence_n or_o essoinzie_n as_o we_o call_v it_o be_v find_v relevant_a he_o will_v not_o be_v unlaw_v and_o where_o a_o mandate_n be_v necessary_a with_o we_o which_o be_v where_o a_o advocate_n be_v not_o employ_v it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o the_o mandate_n be_v sufficient_a if_o subscribe_v only_o by_o one_o nottar_n where_o the_o party_n can_v write_v which_o though_o it_o be_v ordinary_o sustain_v yet_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la it_o shall_v be_v subscribe_v by_o two_o for_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n require_v two_o nottar_n and_o four_o witness_n in_o all_o case_n of_o great_a importance_n yet_o see_v quaelibet_fw-la levis_fw-la probatio_fw-la absentiae_fw-la sufficit_fw-la it_o will_v appear_v that_o quodlibet_fw-la mandatum_fw-la hic_fw-la sufficiat_fw-la iv._o albeit_o where_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v a_o private_a person_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o swear_v the_o libel_n yet_o where_o the_o king_n advocate_n pursue_v he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o swear_v the_o verity_n of_o the_o dittay_n because_o he_o pursue_v only_o ratione_fw-la officii_fw-la but_o i_o find_v in_o the_o same_o decision_n that_o the_o advocate_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o depone_v whether_o the_o party_n have_v give_v partial_a counsel_n the_o 10._o of_o august_n 1598._o advocatus_fw-la contra_fw-la the_o laird_n of_o dalgety_n nor_o yet_o to_o declare_v who_o be_v his_o informer_n the_o 20._o of_o april_n 1599_o advocatus_fw-la contra_fw-la john_n connel_n and_o other_o but_o this_o seem_v unreasonable_a see_v the_o defender_n shall_v not_o be_v prejudge_v by_o the_o intent_a of_o a_o pursuit_n at_o the_o advocat_n instance_n and_o jure_fw-la naturali_fw-la the_o pursuer_fw-mi or_o informer_n which_o be_v all_o one_o shall_v not_o be_v a_o witness_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v know_v who_o be_v pursuer_fw-mi without_o the_o advocate_n declare_v it_o be_v also_o a_o great_a encouragement_n to_o unjust_a pursuit_n that_o any_o person_n may_v inform_v at_o random_n without_o be_v know_v and_o the_o informer_n be_v liable_a in_o damnage_n and_o interest_n if_o he_o inform_v without_o any_o ground_n even_o though_o the_o pursuit_n be_v only_o raise_v in_o the_o name_n of_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n act_n 78._o parl._n 6._o ja._n 6._o but_o if_o the_o advocate_n may_v conceal_v lawful_o the_o informer_n name_n than_o the_o defender_n be_v preclude_v from_o all_o these_o just_a advantage_n this_o privilege_n of_o the_o advocat_n not_o swear_v the_o libel_n seem_v to_o be_v found_v upon_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n who_o contend_v that_o procurator_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la prestare_fw-la juramentum_fw-la calumniae_fw-la gail_n ob_n lib._n 1._o obser_n 88_o title_n xxi_o of_o libel_n and_o the_o form_n of_o process_n thereto_o relate_v 1._o a_o libel_n be_v a_o sylogism_n 2._o it_o ought_v to_o condescend_v upon_o time_n and_o place_n 3._o whether_o the_o quality_n libel_v may_v be_v pass_v from_o 4._o the_o stile_n of_o a_o criminal_a summons_n and_o indictment_n 5._o how_o a_o criminal_a summons_n ought_v to_o be_v execute_v 6._o whether_o a_o person_n who_o be_v banish_v may_v safe_o appear_v before_o the_o day_n in_o the_o citation_n 7._o how_o criminal_a action_n be_v to_o be_v call_v and_o the_o form_n thereto_o relate_v i._o a_o libel_n
this_o cause_n it_o be_v that_o even_o our_o law_n appoint_v all_o the_o dispute_n upon_o the_o relevancy_n to_o be_v in_o presence_n of_o the_o assize_n 2._o the_o assize_n be_v oft_o stumble_v at_o what_o be_v refer_v to_o they_o and_o do_v very_o often_o mistake_v what_o be_v find_v relevant_a and_o what_o not_o 3._o assizer_n with_o we_o be_v oftentimes_o ignorant_a person_n at_o least_o seldom_o or_o never_o be_v they_o so_o judicious_a as_o to_o understand_v such_o intricat_a matter_n as_o advocat_n represent_v to_o they_o especial_o in_o circuit_n court_n where_o few_o have_v see_v assize_n before_o and_o they_o be_v oftentim_n but_o mean_a person_n or_o person_n who_o have_v interest_n 4._o by_o our_o law_n the_o libel_n be_v relevant_a if_o art_n and_o part_n be_v libel_v without_o condescend_v that_o they_o be_v art_n and_o part_n in_o swae_fw-la far_o as_o etc._n etc._n and_o the_o assizer_n be_v only_a judge_n to_o what_o be_v art_n and_o part_n so_o that_o in_o effect_n they_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o relevancy_n of_o almost_o all_o case_n and_o be_v put_v to_o decide_v what_o have_v trouble_v the_o able_a doctor_n and_o author_n and_o so_o often_o time_n they_o return_v unformal_a verdict_n 5._o assizer_n be_v trouble_v in_o their_o commerce_n and_o abstract_v from_o their_o affair_n unnecessary_o be_v obliedge_v frequent_o upon_o continuation_n of_o diet_n to_o wait_v whole_a year_n and_o be_v ofttimes_o absent_a whereby_o diet_n be_v desert_v and_o they_o ofttimes_o syne_v 6._o by_o this_o mean_n assize_n of_o error_n will_v be_v suppress_v with_o which_o assizer_n be_v still_o threaten_v by_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi before_o they_o be_v enclose_v and_o it_o seem_v barbarous_a that_o person_n who_o absolve_v shall_v be_v punish_v whereas_o there_o be_v no_o punishment_n for_o concondemn_v which_o inconveniency_n will_v also_o be_v take_v off_o by_o this_o overture_n 7._o assizers_n may_v in_o our_o law_n judge_n according_a to_o their_o private_a knowledge_n without_o lawful_a probation_n which_o seem_v dangerous_a in_o criminal_a case_n 8._o though_o of_o old_a when_o judge_n and_o assizer_n be_v equal_o ignorant_a assizer_n be_v appoint_v yet_o now_o when_o law_n be_v form_v to_o a_o science_n and_o that_o judge_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v learn_v and_o assizer_n not_o it_o seem_v reasonable_a they_o shall_v be_v suppress_v as_o well_o in_o criminal_a case_n as_o they_o be_v already_o in_o civil_a and_o since_o we_o have_v recee_v from_o the_o present_a custom_n of_o england_n and_o our_o own_o old_a custom_n by_o not_o allow_v assize_n in_o civil_a case_n why_o not_o rather_o in_o criminal_a case_n these_o be_v both_o of_o more_o intricacy_n and_o weight_n especial_o see_v in_o england_n the_o probation_n be_v before_o neighbour_n in_o the_o country_n who_o know_v best_a the_o matter_n of_o fact_n but_o with_o we_o assizer_n be_v seldom_o or_o never_o choose_v from_o the_o place_n where_o the_o crime_n be_v commit_v but_o be_v burgess_n of_o edimburgh_n who_o be_v as_o great_a stranger_n to_o what_o past_a as_o the_o judge_n themselves_o and_o if_o assizer_n be_v to_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o country_n it_o will_v be_v very_o expensive_a 9_o the_o most_o learned_a and_o polish_a kingdom_n and_o common_a wealth_n who_o have_v form_v their_o law_n in_o calm_a and_o learned_a age_n make_v there_o judge_n discuss_v both_o relevancy_n and_o probation_n and_o it_o be_v think_v that_o either_o assiser_n have_v be_v introduce_v by_o we_o when_o we_o and_o england_n be_v both_o barbarous_a or_o else_o the_o justice_n have_v invent_v this_o act_n at_o first_o to_o relieve_v themselves_o of_o a_o burden_n v._o the_o assize_n be_v either_o a_o ordinary_a or_o great_a assize_n the_o great_a assize_n be_v that_o whereby_o a_o ordinar_n be_v try_v if_o they_o do_v wrong_v and_o i_o find_v some_o foundation_n for_o their_o term_n par_fw-fr la_fw-fr custum_fw-la d._n langumois_n act_n 4._o &_o de_fw-mi la_fw-fr rochal_a art_n 1._o la_o grand_a assize_n est_fw-fr du_fw-fr seneshal_n la_fw-fr petit_fw-fr du_fw-fr juge_fw-fr prevostal_n a_o ordinary_a assize_n use_v to_o consist_v of_o fifteen_o person_n but_o they_o may_v consist_v of_o more_o or_o few_o if_o the_o number_n be_v unequal_a and_o thus_o the_o penult_n of_o june_n 1614_o ronald_n be_v try_v and_o convict_v for_o dismember_a donaldson_n by_o a_o assize_n of_o thirteen_o person_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o assize_n must_v be_v unequal_a in_o number_n be_v least_o by_o equality_n of_o vot_n affair_n be_v not_o terminat_fw-la and_o bring_v to_o a_o speedy_a issue_n for_o which_o cause_n likewise_o lib._n 2._o reg._n maj._n cap._n 5._o and_o by_o the_o 87._o act_n 6._o parl._n k._n ja._n 1._o it_o be_v appoint_v that_o arbiter_n shall_v be_v appoint_v in_o a_o unequal_a number_n and_o yet_o i_o find_v that_o in_o the_o civil_a brief_n of_o right_n a_o assize_n shall_v consist_v of_o twelve_o swear_a man_n albeit_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n the_o assizer_n must_v all_o agree_v in_o one_o voice_n yet_o with_o we_o the_o major_a part_n may_v condemn_v or_o absolve_v but_o if_o six_o of_o fifteen_o be_v only_o positive_a and_o eight_o non_fw-la liquet_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o this_o verdict_n shall_v condemn_v for_o else_o if_o one_o do_v condemn_v and_o fourteen_o be_v not_o clear_a that_o one_o will_v condemn_v which_o be_v most_o absurd_a and_o in_o july_n 1675._o a_o verdict_n in_o a_o perambulation_n betwixt_o walstoun_n and_o sr._n john_n cheesly_n be_v quarrel_v in_o a_o advocation_n as_o unjust_a because_o the_o great_a number_n be_v non_fw-la liquet_n the_o lord_n do_v advocate_n the_o cause_n to_o themselves_o which_o employ_v that_o they_o do_v not_o sustain_v the_o verdict_n as_o valid_a vi_o the_o assizer_n be_v ordinary_o call_v by_o sives_z and_o the_o oath_n administrat_fw-la to_o they_o be_v that_o you_o shall_v all_o the_o truth_n tell_v and_o nae_fw-la truth_n conceal_v in_o so_o far_o as_o you_o be_v to_o pass_v upon_o this_o present_a assize_n swa_o help_v you_o god_n which_o i_o find_v likewise_o to_o have_v be_v the_o form_n of_o old_a reg._n maj._n lib._n 1._o vers_fw-la 12._o and_o albeit_o by_o the_o 138._o act_n 13._o parl._n ja._n 1._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o all_o judge_n shall_v cause_v assiser_n swear_v when_o they_o take_v their_o oath_n that_o they_o have_v not_o take_v any_o bud_n from_o the_o party_n yet_o they_o do_v never_o tender_v to_o they_o this_o oath_n except_o either_o the_o judge_n or_o party_n be_v jealous_a of_o the_o assiser_n assiser_n be_v party_n judge_n partly_o witness_n as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o they_o be_v judge_n in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o consider_v the_o probation_n lead_v by_o other_o and_o judge_v whether_o prove_v or_o not_o prove_v they_o be_v witness_n in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o may_v condemn_v upon_o proper_a knowledge_n without_o any_o other_o probation_n and_o therefore_o whatever_o exception_n may_v be_v propon_v either_o against_o judge_n or_o witness_v be_v admit_v against_o assiser_n and_o thus_o a_o assiser_n be_v set_v for_o that_o be_v the_o term_n of_o decline_v use_v in_o this_o case_n because_o he_o be_v not_o twenty_o five_o year_n of_o age_n which_o be_v the_o age_n require_v in_o a_o judge_n act_n 132._o parl._n 12._o ja._n 6._o vid._n 7._o june_n 1616._o but_o because_o the_o exception_n against_o assiser_n be_v ordinary_o coincident_a with_o these_o that_o be_v against_o witness_n therefore_o we_o shall_v remit_v they_o to_o the_o title_n of_o witness_n only_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o cherurgians_n of_o edinburgh_n be_v exeme_v by_o q._n mary_n from_o be_v cite_v upon_o assize_n because_o of_o the_o peremptoriness_n of_o the_o employment_n which_o be_v sustain_v by_o the_o justice_n july_n 1671._o both_o as_o to_o assize_n within_o the_o town_n and_o without_o the_o town_n though_o our_o learned_a craig_n be_v a_o justice-deput_a have_v former_o sustain_v it_o as_o to_o assize_n without_o the_o town_n only_o vii_o it_o be_v a_o principle_n in_o the_o feudal_a law_n that_o all_o man_n shall_v be_v judge_v per_fw-la pares_fw-la curiae_fw-la the_o meaning_n whereof_o be_v that_o a_o vassal_n shall_v be_v judge_v per_fw-la convassallo_fw-la because_o it_o be_v presume_v that_o these_o understand_v best_o the_o person_n to_o be_v try_v and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o panel_n former_a life_n and_o conversation_n be_v a_o great_a help_n towards_o a_o sound_a judgement_n of_o the_o case_n and_o from_o this_o feudal_a custom_n rise_v our_o maxim_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v be_v judge_v by_o his_o peer_n quon_n attach_v cap._n 67._o the_o word_n be_v it_o be_v statute_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v judge_v by_o a_o low_a person_n than_o his_o peer_n a_o earl_n by_o a_o earl_n a_o baron_n by_o a_o baron_n
dangerous_a to_o challenge_v a_o remission_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o one_o of_o the_o learnede_a lawyer_n of_o his_o time_n be_v send_v to_o the_o castle_n for_o quarrel_v the_o king_n power_n in_o grant_v a_o remission_n for_o fire-raising_a yet_o i_o find_v a_o remission_n produce_v by_o john_n bell_n quarrel_v as_o null_n because_o 1._o it_o be_v give_v for_o murder_a christopher_n irving_n and_o so_o be_v null_a by_o the_o aforesaid_a act._n 2._o the_o remission_n shall_v contain_v the_o great_a crime_n and_o slaughter_n be_v not_o so_o great_a a_o crime_n as_o murder_v nor_o be_v the_o quality_n of_o fore-thought-fellony_n express_v 3._o it_o be_v not_o subscribe_v by_o the_o thesaurer_n the_o justice_n delay_v to_o give_v answer_n but_o i_o find_v not_o the_o person_n be_v punish_v 1643._o as_o also_o mackie_n be_v convict_v for_o falsit_fw-la and_o have_v enact_v himself_o never_o to_o return_v under_o pain_n of_o death_n thereafter_o he_o return_v and_o be_v pursue_v for_o his_o life_n allege_v upon_o a_o remission_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o remission_n be_v null_a because_o he_o return_v before_o it_o be_v obtain_v and_o past_o the_o seal_n nor_o be_v it_o yet_o past_a upon_o which_o the_o diet_n be_v continue_v the_o 23._o of_o febr._n 1622._o but_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o pursuit_n be_v here_o at_o the_o advocat_n instance_n only_o who_o can_v not_o quarrel_v his_o majesty_n remission_n upon_o no_o account_n iv._o if_o the_o party_n do_v willing_o grant_v a_o discharge_n of_o all_o grudge_n or_o revenge_n in_o the_o crime_n of_o murder_n this_o discharge_n be_v call_v a_o letter_n of_o slants_n and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o doctor_n litera_fw-la pacis_fw-la and_o thus_o plot._n consil_n 78._o say_v that_o gratiafacta_fw-la parti_fw-la nocenti_fw-la à _fw-la principe_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la nisi_fw-la fiat_fw-la reparatio_fw-la damnorum_fw-la &_o interest_n vel_fw-la nisi_fw-la pax_fw-la sit_fw-la prius_fw-la habita_fw-la ab_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la offensi_fw-la this_o rule_n have_v some_o exception_n both_o by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o by_o we_o for_o by_o we_o exception_n be_v make_v of_o remission_n grant_v for_o pacify_v the_o highland_n and_o border_n which_o be_v valid_a though_o the_o party_n laese_v be_v not_o satisfy_v act_n 174._o p._n 13._o i._o 6._o which_o be_v introduce_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o public_a quiet_n and_o be_v found_v upon_o the_o same_o reason_n from_o which_o act_n of_o indemnity_n be_v grant_v without_o gratify_v or_o repair_v these_o who_o be_v ruin_v by_o the_o person_n indemnify_v and_o for_o that_o reason_n also_o rex_fw-la potest_fw-la gratiari_fw-la nocentem_fw-la sine_fw-la pace_fw-la privati_fw-la interest_n habenti_fw-la quando_fw-la damnandus_fw-la laborasset_fw-la pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi reipublicae_fw-la &_o fecisset_fw-la illud_fw-la per_fw-la quod_fw-la multorum_fw-la salus_fw-la causata_fw-la esset_fw-la l._n non_fw-la omnes_fw-la §_o fin_fw-fr ff_n de_fw-mi re_fw-mi militari_fw-la by_o their_o remission_n the_o party_n be_v not_o restore_v to_o his_o good_a fame_n l._n 3._o c._n de_fw-fr gen_n abolit_fw-la indulgentia_fw-la patres_fw-la conscripti_fw-la quos_fw-la liberat_fw-la notat_fw-la nec_fw-la infamiam_fw-la criminis_fw-la tollit_fw-la sed_fw-la paenae_fw-la gratiam_fw-la facit_fw-la and_o though_o i_o think_v this_o shall_v hold_v in_o such_o as_o be_v remit_v after_o they_o be_v condemn_v because_o they_o be_v know_v to_o have_v diffamed_a themselves_o by_o contract_v that_o criminal_a guilt_n yet_o it_o shall_v not_o hold_v in_o such_o as_o secure_v only_o their_o own_o innocence_n by_o a_o remission_n and_o redeem_v themselves_o rather_o from_o hazard_n then_o from_o guilt_n v._o the_o king_n majesty_n sometime_o restore_v the_o person_n condemn_v by_o way_n of_o justice_n per_fw-la modum_fw-la justitiae_fw-la which_o he_o do_v by_o rescind_v the_o sentence_n that_o stand_v against_o he_o as_o injust_a and_o this_o be_v do_v either_o in_o parliament_n if_o the_o person_n be_v condemn_v by_o they_o or_o by_o a_o review_n in_o the_o justice_n court_n if_o he_o be_v condemn_v there_o and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o party_n be_v restore_v not_o only_o to_o his_o fame_n but_o likewise_o to_o all_o his_o estate_n even_o though_o it_o be_v bestow_v upon_o a_o three_o party_n as_o be_v after_o much_o debate_n find_v by_o the_o parliament_n 1661._o in_o the_o case_n betwixt_o the_o marquis_n of_o montrose_n and_o the_o marquis_n of_o argile_n title_n xxix_o of_o prescription_n in_o crime_n 1._o how_o crime_n do_v prescrive_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n 2._o whether_o do_v crime_n prescrive_v by_o our_o law_n i._o according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n crime_n do_v prescrive_v in_o twenty_o year_n l._n querela_fw-la c._n defal_v and_o clarius_n do_v assert_v that_o general_o all_o the_o doctor_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o all_o criminal_a pursuit_n prescribe_v in_o that_o time_n but_o this_o prescription_n do_v not_o run_v in_o some_o atrocious_a crime_n such_o as_o sodomy_n parricide_n apostasy_n etc._n etc._n wherein_o they_o err_v for_o where_o the_o law_n say_v that_o either_o semper_fw-la paricidii_fw-la accusatio_fw-la permittitur_fw-la as_o l._n ult_n ff_n de_fw-fr leg_n pompey_n ad_fw-la paricid_n or_o that_o nullus_fw-la temporibus_fw-la arcetur_fw-la apostotarum_fw-la accusatio_fw-la that_o must_v be_v interpret_v the_o prescriptione_n vigniti_fw-la annorum_fw-la which_o be_v in_o law_n call_v longissum_fw-la tempus_fw-la but_o the_o crime_n of_o adultery_n and_o peculatus_fw-la prescribe_v in_o five_o year_n ii_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v with_o we_o if_o prescription_n have_v place_n at_o all_o and_o that_o it_o have_v not_o may_v be_v urge_v from_o these_o ground_n 1._o that_o prescription_n have_v no_o place_n with_o we_o except_o where_o it_o be_v warrant_v by_o a_o particular_a statute_n and_o there_o be_v no_o statute_n warrant_v prescription_n in_o criminal_o and_o if_o prescription_n found_v upon_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v be_v sufficient_a in_o scotland_n there_o need_v not_o any_o particular_a act_n to_o have_v be_v make_v in_o civil_a case_n but_o since_o our_o law_n think_v necessary_a to_o make_v law_n as_o to_o prescription_n in_o civil_a cause_n they_o have_v much_o more_o determine_v this_o poâ—nt_n by_o law_n in_o criminal_a case_n if_o they_o have_v think_v it_o fit_a to_o extinguish_v crime_n by_o prescription_n but_o on_o the_o contrair_a our_o act_n of_o prescription_n in_o heritage_n 1617._o have_v except_v the_o crime_n of_o falsehood_n from_o prescription_n 2._o there_o be_v jus_o quaesitum_fw-la to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o commit_n of_o the_o crime_n both_o quoad_fw-la vindictam_fw-la et_fw-la bonafisco_fw-la applicanda_fw-la that_o right_o can_v be_v take_v away_o from_o he_o but_o by_o a_o public_a law_n or_o his_o own_o private_a remission_n 3._o it_o seem_v unreasonable_a that_o because_o a_o private_a party_n will_v not_o inform_v be_v either_o afraid_a or_o negligent_a that_o the_o public_a shall_v therefore_o suffer_v 4._o there_o be_v no_o instance_n in_o all_o our_o practics_n where_o prescription_n have_v be_v sustain_v but_o one_o the_o contrair_a crime_n of_o a_o old_a date_n even_o after_o forty_o year_n have_v be_v punish_v 5._o â—emel_fw-la malus_fw-la semper_fw-la praesumitur_fw-la esse_fw-la malus_fw-la in_o eodem_fw-la genere_fw-la malitiae_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v unjust_a to_o suffer_v a_o person_n to_o live_v in_o the_o commonwealth_n who_o will_v be_v both_o do_v wrong_a himself_o and_o incite_v other_o to_o do_v so_o by_o his_o example_n yet_o for_o the_o other_o part_n it_o may_v be_v urge_v 1._o that_o the_o only_a end_n of_o punishment_n be_v that_o the_o crime_n commit_v may_v be_v punish_v to_o preveen_v the_o error_n of_o other_o but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o after_o a_o long_a time_n both_o the_o public_a be_v presume_v to_o have_v forget_v that_o any_o such_o crime_n be_v commit_v and_o the_o party_n injure_v or_o presume_v to_o have_v forget_v and_o remit_v their_o private_a revenge_n for_o satisfy_v whereof_o punishment_n be_v inflict_v 2._o after_o so_o long_a a_o time_n any_o probation_n that_o can_v be_v lead_v against_o the_o malefactor_n either_o fail_v or_o the_o witness_n after_o so_o long_a a_o time_n may_v have_v forget_v the_o exact_a circumstance_n and_o it_o be_v very_o hard_o upon_o testimony_n that_o have_v so_o unclear_a a_o causa_fw-la scientiae_fw-la as_o these_o witness_n can_v give_v to_o take_v away_o a_o man_n life_n likeas_n the_o witness_n and_o other_o probation_n will_v probable_o perish_v whereby_o the_o defender_n may_v have_v exculpat_v himself_o and_o mantain_v his_o innocenc_n so_o that_o the_o fisk_n or_o any_o private_a party_n may_v by_o their_o negligence_n or_o upon_o design_n prejudge_v the_o panel_n of_o his_o defence_n against_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n whereby_o man_n negligence_n can_v only_o wrong_v themselves_o and_o they_o have_v only_o themselves_o to_o blame_v that_o do_v not_o make_v use_n soon_o of_o the_o remedy_n appoint_v by_o
by_o imprisonment_n during_o life_n forfeit_v of_o good_n and_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o land_n during_o life_n for_o this_o crime_n the_o earl_n of_o morton_n be_v execute_v by_o king_n james_n 6._o for_o have_v conceal_v the_o design_v death_n of_o king_n henry_n his_o father_n and_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o conceal_v be_v treason_n where_o the_o king_n be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o repress_v or_o punish_v the_o treason_n that_o be_v intend_v for_o there_o the_o end_n of_o reveal_v seem_v to_o cease_v which_o be_v information_n in_o order_n to_o resistance_n it_o have_v be_v likewise_o doubt_v whether_o the_o not_o reveal_v treason_n be_v punishable_a where_o the_o treason_n be_v design_v by_o the_o prince_n or_o queen_n but_o since_o they_o be_v likewise_o subject_n and_o may_v commit_v treason_n therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o doubt_n but_o it_o be_v treason_n in_o any_o other_o to_o conceal_v their_o treasonable_a design_n fourteen_o the_o eleven_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o flee_v from_o his_o majesty_n or_o his_o lieutenant_n which_o be_v not_o extend_v only_o to_o such_o as_o be_v swear_v to_o colour_n but_o even_o to_o such_o as_o be_v warn_v to_o and_o do_v attend_v the_o king_n host_n vid._n tit_n the_o jurisdiction_n over_o soldier_n xv._n the_o twelve_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o deny_v his_o majesty_n have_v the_o only_a power_n of_o call_v and_o dissolve_v of_o parliament_n act_n 3.1_o parl._n ch._n 2._o xvi_o by_o the_o common_a law_n it_o be_v treason_n to_o kill_v any_o of_o the_o prince_n counsellor_n because_o they_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o prince_n own_o body_n l._n quisquis_fw-la c._n h._n t._n but_o with_o we_o the_o pursue_v or_o invade_v any_o of_o the_o session_n secret_a council_n or_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n officer_n for_o do_v his_o majesty_n service_n be_v only_o punishable_a by_o death_n but_o not_o as_o treason_n act_n 4._o parl._n 16._o ja._n 6._o by_o officer_n here_o be_v mean_v only_a officer_n of_o state_n else_o it_o may_v be_v extend_v to_o messenger_n and_o i_o hear_v it_o resolve_v that_o this_o act_n extend_v not_o to_o such_o as_o invade_v the_o lyon_n and_o these_o word_n any_o of_o the_o session_n be_v not_o extend_v to_o advocat_n clerk_n macer_n or_o any_o else_o beside_o the_o lord_n as_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o narrative_a of_o the_o act._n but_o i_o think_v the_o quality_n adject_v that_o they_o be_v invade_v for_o do_v his_o majesty_n service_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o circumstance_n and_o presumption_n as_o if_o a_o pursuer_fw-mi who_o have_v lose_v a_o cause_n shall_v invade_v the_o next_o day_n a_o lord_n who_o have_v vote_v against_o he_o and_o the_o word_n this_o be_v verify_v and_o try_v import_v so_o much_o but_o the_o stat._n edward_n 3._o be_v much_o more_o clear_a make_v it_o treason_n to_o kill_v the_o officer_n therein_o mention_v only_o viz._n chancellor_n thesaurer_n chief_a justice_n of_o either_o bench_n or_o any_o judge_n of_o either_o bench_n sit_v in_o judgement_n only_o and_o from_o this_o statute_n of_o our_o neighbour_a nation_n we_o may_v argue_v that_o the_o kill_a none_o below_o a_o lord_n of_o session_n shall_v infer_v the_o punishment_n of_o this_o act._n the_o kill_v a_o member_n of_o parliament_n be_v not_o in_o england_n treason_n though_o the_o parliament_n be_v a_o high_a judicatory_a than_o any_o express_v in_o the_o act._n and_o cook_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o allow_v not_o argumentum_fw-la à _fw-la fortiori_fw-la to_o infer_v crime_n and_o with_o we_o the_o kill_a a_o member_n of_o parliament_n will_v not_o infer_v death_n by_o this_o act_n since_o they_o fall_v under_o no_o qualification_n therein_o specify_v in_o england_n kill_v officer_n fall_v only_o under_o the_o statute_n but_o with_o we_o invade_v or_o pursue_v they_o be_v death_n though_o it_o take_v no_o effect_n quaritur_fw-la if_o to_o invade_v they_o when_o they_o be_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n will_v fall_v under_o the_o statute_n since_o they_o be_v not_o under_o that_o character_n elsewhere_o or_o if_o he_o who_o invade_v they_o during_o their_o be_v suspend_v will_v fall_v under_o this_o act_n since_o during_o that_o time_n they_o retain_v the_o character_n and_o the_o exercise_n be_v only_o suspend_v and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o doctor_n that_o a_o statute_n punish_v such_o as_o invade_v magistrate_n be_v only_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o such_o magistrate_n as_o be_v once_o admit_v but_o not_o to_o such_o as_o be_v only_o name_v or_o elect_v for_o such_o statute_n be_v extend_v in_o gratiosis_fw-la yet_o they_o be_v restrict_v in_o such_o odious_a point_n as_o their_o cabal_n case_z 148._o treasonable_a word_n vid._n t._n injury_n and_o libel_n xvii_o the_o three_o branch_n of_o the_o division_n be_v statutory_a treason_n which_o comprehend_v under_o it_o several_a other_o point_n of_o treason_n which_o because_o they_o relate_v to_o other_o crime_n therefore_o i_o shall_v also_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o these_o title_n wherein_o these_o crime_n be_v principal_o treat_v of_o but_o it_o will_v appear_v by_o these_o act_n that_o these_o crime_n be_v not_o declare_v to_o be_v treason_n but_o only_o to_o be_v punishable_a as_o treason_n and_o therefore_o these_o statutory_a treason_n have_v not_o at_o all_o the_o other_o privilege_n competent_a to_o treason_n as_o that_o they_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o woman_n &_o alios_fw-la testes_fw-la inhabiles_fw-la or_o that_o he_o who_o accuse_v in_o these_o will_v commit_v treason_n if_o he_o prove_v not_o his_o accusation_n thus_o wilful_a fire_n raise_v be_v treason_n ja._n 5._o parl._n 3._o cap._n ultimo_fw-la theft_n in_o landed-man_n be_v treason_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 11._o cap._n 50._o vid._n tit_n theft_n murder_n under_o trust_n be_v treason_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 11._o cap._n 51._o vid._n tit_n murder_n sayer_n of_o mass_n jesuit_n traffic_v papist_n and_o their_o resetter_n commit_v treason_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 12._o cap._n 120._o vid._n tit_n heresy_n to_o buy_v or_o bring_v home_o poison_n be_v treason_n ja._n 2._o parl._n 7._o c._n 31._o vid._n poison_n thief_n who_o take_v leill_n man_n upon_o bond_n to_o re-enter_v they_o commit_v treason_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 1._o cap._n 21._o but_o though_o this_o act_n speak_v general_o of_o the_o take_n of_o any_o scottish-man_n yet_o it_o may_v clear_o appear_v by_o the_o narrative_a and_o the_o whole_a strain_n of_o the_o act_n that_o the_o same_o strike_v only_o against_o such_o thief_n as_o keep_v correspondence_n with_o the_o english_a and_o take_v scottish-man_n prisoner_n into_o england_n but_o custom_n have_v interpret_v this_o otherwise_o for_o duncan_n macgrigor_n be_v 15._o july_n 1643._o convict_v and_o hang_v as_o a_o traitor_n for_o art_n and_o part_n of_o take_v james_n anderson_n and_o john_n mackie_n and_o the_o take_n of_o captain_n cairn_n find_v relevant_a as_o a_o article_n of_o treason_n against_o assint_fw-la to_o usurp_v any_o prelate_n place_n after_o his_o decease_n be_v likewise_o treason_n ja._n 5._o parl._n 7._o cap._n 125._o xviii_o this_o crime_n have_v in_o it_o many_o specialty_n wherein_o it_o differ_v from_o other_o crime_n as_o first_o he_o who_o accuse_v any_o man_n for_o treason_n do_v incur_v the_o pain_n of_o treason_n if_o the_o defender_n be_v acquit_v which_o be_v occasion_v as_o the_o act_n bear_v because_o of_o the_o odiousness_n of_o treason_n but_o since_o the_o the_o act_n say_v express_o that_o this_o shall_v take_v place_n where_o the_o party_n calumniat_fw-la be_v call_v accuse_v and_o quit_v of_o the_o crime_n of_o treason_n therefore_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o though_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi raise_v summons_n of_o treason_n and_o shall_v pass_v from_o the_o same_o before_o the_o panel_n go_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o inquest_n that_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la though_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi might_n be_v punish_v poena_fw-la extraordinaria_fw-la yet_o he_o can_v not_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o traitor_n it_o may_v be_v likewise_o doubt_v if_o this_o hold_v in_o statutory_a treason_n as_o theft_n in_o land_a man_n etc._n etc._n and_o since_o the_o reason_n inductive_a of_o that_o act_n be_v the_o odiousness_n of_o treason_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o this_o rigid_a law_n shall_v not_o take_v place_n in_o these_o point_n of_o treason_n which_o be_v not_o so_o odious_a of_o their_o own_o nature_n another_o speciality_n in_o treason_n be_v that_o it_o can_v only_o be_v try_v by_o the_o justice_n reg._n maj._n lib._n 1._o e._n 1._o v._n 1._o and_o that_o because_o of_o the_o king_n immediate_a interest_n since_o it_o be_v not_o presumable_a that_o the_o fiscal_n in_o inferior_a court_n will_v be_v as_o careful_a as_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n who_o can_v appear_v there_o and_o because_o of_o the_o intricacy_n and_o great_a consequence_n of_o that_o crime_n but_o it_o may_v be_v
causam_fw-la dederit_fw-la there_o be_v a_o civil_a action_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n allow_v ex_fw-la lege_fw-la aquilia_fw-la but_o for_o the_o further_a understanding_n incendii_fw-la culpas_fw-la the_o more_o exact_a doctor_n do_v distinguish_v betwixt_o incendium_fw-la ex_fw-la culpa_fw-la lata_fw-la ex_fw-la culpa_fw-la levi_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la culpa_fw-la levissima_fw-la commissum_fw-la and_o since_o culpa_fw-la lata_fw-la aequi_fw-la paratur_fw-la dolo_fw-la therefore_o they_o make_v it_o to_o be_v corporeal_o punishable_a though_o in_o that_o case_n the_o punishment_n be_v not_o extend_v to_o death_n but_o if_o the_o same_o be_v commit_v only_o ex_fw-la culpa_fw-la levi_fw-la than_o it_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o a_o fine_a but_o if_o the_o committer_n have_v not_o wherewith_o to_o pay_v his_o fine_a he_o may_v subsidiar_o be_v punish_v in_o his_o person_n but_o if_o the_o fire_n be_v raise_v per_fw-la culpam_fw-la levissimam_fw-la than_o the_o committer_n can_v never_o be_v punish_v corporeal_o even_o though_o he_o want_v money_n wherewith_o to_o pay_v his_o fine_a dicunt_fw-la tamen_fw-la aliqui_fw-la culpam_fw-la levissimam_fw-la in_o faciendo_fw-la aequiparari_fw-la culpae_fw-la levi_fw-la in_o committendo_fw-la alex._n con_v 55._o ix_o by_o our_o law_n he_o who_o burn_v a_o house_n in_o a_o town_n by_o misgovernance_n and_o not_o of_o set_a purpose_n as_o the_o act_n say_v he_o shall_v be_v punish_v at_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o town_n and_o his_o good_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o he_o who_o suffer_v the_o prejudice_n and_o shall_v likewise_o be_v banish_v for_o three_o year_n and_o if_o he_o have_v no_o good_n he_o shall_v be_v scourge_v at_o the_o mercat_n cross_n and_o through_o the_o town_n and_o shall_v be_v banish_v for_o seven_o year_n but_o if_o he_o who_o owe_v the_o house_n do_v either_o by_o himself_o his_o wife_n or_o bairn_n id_fw-la est_fw-la negligent_o burn_v his_o own_o house_n albeit_o no_o neighbour_n be_v thereby_o prejudge_v yet_o he_o shall_v be_v banish_v the_o town_n for_o three_o year_n and_o if_o he_o to_o who_o the_o house_n be_v set_v burn_v the_o same_o negligent_o he_o shall_v repair_v the_o damage_n and_o be_v baninish_v for_o three_o year_n or_o if_o a_o stranger_n or_o traveller_n burn_v as_o say_v be_v he_o shall_v be_v arrest_v and_o repair_v the_o skaith_n which_o if_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v he_o shall_v abide_v in_o sickerness_n id_fw-la est_fw-la in_o prison_n at_o the_o king_n will_n and_o if_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o town_n be_v negligent_a in_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o office_n they_o be_v to_o be_v unlaw_v in_o ten_o pound_n and_o if_o fire_n happen_v in_o husband-town_n in_o barony_n they_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o lord_n id_fw-la est_fw-la baron_n in_o likemanner_n as_o magistrate_n do_v within_o burgh_n ja._n 1._o parl._n 4._o cap._n 75._o by_o this_o act_n likewise_o no_o fire_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v from_o on_o house_n to_o another_o but_o in_o a_o cover_a vessel_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o a_o un-law_n but_o since_o this_o un-law_n be_v not_o express_v it_o be_v therefore_o arbitrary_a to_o the_o judge_n to_o raise_v it_o as_o high_a as_o his_o jurisdiction_n will_v suffer_v though_o in_o justice_n he_o shall_v proportion_v it_o to_o the_o crime_n especial_o since_o it_o be_v not_o tax_v here_o of_o design_n that_o it_o may_v be_v proportion_v as_o say_v be_v upon_o this_o act_n there_o may_v be_v several_a doubt_n raise_v as_o first_o what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o word_n misgovernance_n for_o clear_v whereof_o the_o common_a distinction_n make_v by_o the_o doctor_n and_o relate_v by_o alexander_n consilio_fw-la 55._o will_v be_v consider_v and_o it_o appear_v that_o misgovernance_n in_o this_o case_n do_v include_v culpam_fw-la levissimam_fw-la the_o mean_a fault_n because_o the_o act_n bear_v misgovernance_n and_o not_o of_o set_a purpose_n so_o that_o whatever_o be_v not_o of_o set_a purpose_n or_o design_v be_v punishable_a by_o this_o act._n likeas_n the_o word_n reckles_o which_o be_v likewise_o use_v in_o this_o act_n as_o exegetick_a of_o the_o former_a may_v be_v proper_o enough_o extend_v to_o culpa_fw-la levissima_fw-la but_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v argue_v upon_o the_o other_o hand_n that_o since_o the_o punishment_n of_o servant_n raise_v fire_n by_o misgovernance_n be_v to_o be_v scourge_v public_o and_o then_o banish_v and_o that_o master_n be_v punish_v if_o they_o burn_v their_o own_o house_n after_o that_o manner_n it_o be_v hard_a to_o extend_v this_o punishment_n ad_fw-la culpam_fw-la levissimam_fw-la and_o as_o the_o law_n interpret_v obligation_n to_o give_v wine_n or_o corn_n neither_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o best_a nor_o worst_a of_o that_o species_n so_o in_o this_o case_n misgovernance_n shall_v be_v interpret_v as_o that_o it_o may_v proper_o neither_o be_v mean_v of_o culpa_fw-la lata_fw-la nor_o levissima_fw-la but_o of_o culpa_fw-la levis_fw-la which_o be_v media_fw-la and_o the_o word_n misgovernance_n proper_o do_v imply_v a_o fault_n that_o be_v considerable_a &_o verba_fw-la poenam_fw-la imponentia_fw-la sunt_fw-la strictissime_fw-la interpretanda_fw-la as_o lawyer_n observe_v 2._o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o if_o child_n who_o be_v not_o come_v to_o that_o age_n at_o which_o they_o be_v only_o punishable_a themselves_o shall_v burn_v the_o father_n house_n if_o the_o father_n be_v punishable_a by_o this_o act_n eo_fw-la casu_fw-la and_o albeit_o it_o will_v seem_v that_o he_o be_v see_v accident_n without_o judgement_n be_v punish_v in_o this_o case_n by_o repair_v the_o damage_n do_v yet_o it_o be_v more_o suitable_a to_o reason_n to_o conclude_v that_o he_o be_v not_o because_o 1._o he_o who_o have_v no_o government_n by_o law_n of_o himself_o or_o any_o thing_n else_o can_v be_v say_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n by_o misgovernance_n 2._o child_n in_o law_n be_v equiparat_fw-la to_o furious_a person_n or_o idiot_n and_o as_o the_o father_n can_v not_o be_v punishable_a for_o what_o be_v do_v by_o his_o child_n be_v furious_a and_o idiot_n so_o neither_o can_v he_o be_v punishable_a for_o what_o be_v do_v by_o they_o whilst_o they_o be_v impuberes_fw-la 3._o quia_fw-la accessorium_fw-la sequitur_fw-la naturam_fw-la svi_fw-la principalis_fw-la &_o subsidiarium_fw-la naturam_fw-la ejus_fw-la cui_fw-la est_fw-la subsidiarum_fw-la and_o therefore_o where_o the_o child_n himself_o can_v be_v punish_v we_o ought_v to_o conclude_v that_o the_o father_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v punish_v for_o he_o xi_o the_o doctor_n do_v conclude_v that_o the_o master_n of_o the_o family_n be_v bind_v not_o only_o for_o his_o own_o but_o likewise_o for_o the_o fault_n of_o any_o of_o the_o family_n who_o raise_v fire_n for_o have_v choose_v they_o himself_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v liable_a for_o their_o fault_n and_o he_o ought_v to_o blame_v himself_o for_o not_o choose_v of_o better_a servant_n but_o this_o be_v to_o be_v restrict_v to_o the_o injury_n do_v by_o the_o servant_n in_o their_o respective_a employment_n to_o which_o they_o be_v make_v overseer_n by_o master_n as_o for_o instance_n if_o the_o cook_n shall_v leave_v the_o fire_n secure_o at_o night_n in_o the_o kitchen_n but_o a_o laquie_n belong_v to_o the_o house_n shall_v thereafter_o come_v in_o to_o the_o kitchen_n and_o scatter_v it_o so_o as_o that_o both_o their_o master_n and_o the_o neighbour_n house_n be_v burn_v they_o conclude_v that_o the_o master_n will_v not_o be_v liable_a to_o make_v up_o his_o neighbour_n damage_n since_o the_o master_n be_v not_o to_o be_v blame_v the_o person_n choose_v by_o he_o have_v do_v his_o duty_n carpz_n part_n 1._o quest_n 39_o num_fw-la 51_o &_o 52._o but_o this_o seem_v unreasonable_a for_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o the_o master_n shall_v not_o have_v choose_v any_o such_o servant_n and_o it_o be_v all_o one_o to_o the_o neighbour_n by_o who_o the_o prejudice_n be_v do_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v do_v without_o the_o committer_n office_n or_o not_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o consider_v whether_o the_o person_n who_o do_v the_o injury_n be_v know_v to_o be_v a_o profligat_fw-la or_o vicious_a person_n before_o he_o be_v employ_v and_o it_o seem_v that_o this_o may_v be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n because_o it_o will_v secure_v neighbour_n and_o be_v advantageous_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o none_o shall_v employ_v servant_n who_o be_v not_o sufficient_a title_n x._o witchcraft_n 1._o wierus_n argument_n against_o the_o punish_n of_o witch_n with_o the_o answer_v thereto_o 2._o some_o observation_n which_o may_v persuade_v a_o judge_n to_o be_v cautious_a in_o judge_v this_o crime_n 3._o upon_o what_o presumption_n witch_n may_v be_v apprehend_v 4._o who_o be_v judge_n competent_a thereto_o 5._o paction_n with_o the_o devil_n 6._o renounce_v of_o baptism_n 7._o the_o devil_n mark_v 8._o threaten_v to_o do_v mischief_n how_o
punishable_a 9_o malefice_n where_o there_o be_v no_o conection_n betwixt_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o effect_n 10._o the_o use_v magic_a art_n for_o good_a end_n how_o punishable_a 11._o consult_v with_o witch_n how_o punish_v 12._o what_o the_o be_v defame_v by_o the_o witch_n import_v 13._o a_o witch_n confession_n not_o punishable_a except_o the_o thing_n confess_v be_v possible_a &_o de_fw-fr succubis_fw-la &_o incubis_fw-la 14._o whether_o the_o transportation_n confess_v be_v real_a and_o though_o real_a whether_o punishable_a 15._o whether_o a_o witch_n can_v cause_v any_o person_n be_v possess_v 16._o whether_o penetration_n be_v possible_a 17._o whether_o transformation_n be_v possible_a 18._o whether_o he_o can_v make_v bruit_n to_o speak_v or_o raise_v storm_n 19_o whether_o witch_n may_v transfer_v disease_n and_o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o seek_v their_o help_n for_o this_o 20._o whether_o witch_n may_v kill_v by_o their_o look_n 21._o whether_o they_o can_v procure_v love_n by_o their_o potion_n 22._o how_o they_o torment_v man_n by_o their_o image_n 23._o whether_o confession_n before_o kirk_n session_n be_v relevant_a 24._o who_o can_v be_v witness_n in_o this_o crime_n 25._o the_o punishment_n of_o this_o crime_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o we_o 26._o the_o punishment_n of_o it_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n that_o there_o be_v witch_n divine_n can_v doubt_v since_o the_o word_n of_o god_n have_v ordain_v that_o no_o witch_n shall_v live_v nor_o lawyer_n in_o scotland_n see_v our_o law_n ordain_v it_o to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n and_o though_o many_o lawyer_n in_o holland_n and_o elsewhere_o do_v think_v that_o albeit_o there_o be_v witch_n under_o the_o law_n yet_o there_o be_v none_o under_o the_o gospel_n the_o devil_n power_n have_v cease_v as_o to_o these_o as_o well_o as_o in_o his_o give_a response_n by_o oracle_n i._o wierus_n that_o great_a patron_n of_o witchcraft_n endeavour_n to_o maintain_v his_o opinion_n by_o these_o argument_n 1._o that_o such_o as_o be_v accuse_v of_o witchcraft_n be_v ordinary_o silly_a old_a woman_n who_o age_n and_o sex_n dispose_v they_o to_o melancholy_a and_o who_o melancholy_a dispose_v they_o to_o a_o madness_n which_o shall_v render_v their_o confession_n very_o suspect_v and_o in_o this_o crime_n there_o be_v seldom_o other_o prove_v whereas_o the_o thing_n confess_v be_v so_o horrid_a that_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v any_o reasonable_a creature_n will_v commit_v they_o 2._o god_n can_v only_o work_v the_o miracle_n ascribe_v to_o witch_n he_o who_o be_v the_o author_n of_o nature_n be_v only_o able_a to_o alter_v or_o divert_v its_o course_n and_o the_o devil_n do_v but_o delude_v the_o fancy_n of_o poor_a creature_n as_o fever_n and_o melancholy_a misrepresent_v object_n nor_o be_v such_o as_o be_v cheat_v in_o the_o one_o more_o guilty_a than_o they_o who_o be_v sick_a of_o the_o other_o and_o it_o be_v severe_a to_o burn_v man_n and_o woman_n for_o do_v that_o which_o be_v conclude_v impossible_a to_o be_v do_v by_o they_o 3._o it_o be_v unjust_a to_o punish_v they_o for_o do_v ill_o by_o charm_n except_o it_o can_v be_v first_o prove_v that_o these_o charm_n produce_v the_o effect_n that_o be_v punishable_a and_o lawyer_n shall_v argue_v thus_o those_o who_o kill_v or_o hurt_v man_n or_o beast_n by_o unlawful_a mean_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o witch_n and_o charmer_n kill_v man_n and_o beast_n by_o unlawful_a mean_n and_o therefore_o charmer_n ought_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o death_n off_o which_o syllogism_n wierus_n deny_v the_o minor_a for_o it_o can_v never_o be_v prove_v that_o verse_n cross_n or_o lay_v flesh_n in_o the_o threshold_n etc._n etc._n can_v destroy_v man_n or_o beast_n these_o be_v cause_n very_o disproportionable_a to_o such_o effect_n there_o be_v no_o contract_n betwixt_o the_o agent_n and_o patient_n in_o these_o case_n 4._o these_o who_o execute_v the_o will_n of_o god_n be_v not_o punishable_a for_o that_o be_v their_o duty_n and_o so_o can_v be_v their_o crime_n but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o whatever_o the_o devil_n or_o witch_n do_v be_v decree_v by_o god_n either_o for_o trial_n or_o punishment_n express_o and_o without_o his_o permission_n nothing_o can_v be_v do_v and_o if_o the_o devil_n be_v not_o act_v here_o by_o obedience_n or_o be_v at_o liberty_n he_o will_v not_o leave_v any_o one_o man_n undestroy_v or_o any_o of_o god_n work_v undefaced_a but_o that_o there_o be_v witch_n and_o that_o they_o be_v punishable_a capital_o not_o only_a when_o they_o poison_v or_o murder_n but_o even_o for_o enchant_v and_o delude_v the_o world_n be_v clear_a by_o a_o express_a text_n exod._n 22._o vers._n 18._o thou_o shall_v not_o suffer_v a_o witch_n to_o live_v and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o same_o word_n which_o express_v a_o witch_n here_o be_v that_o which_o be_v use_v in_o exod._n 7._o to_o express_v those_o magician_n who_o delude_v only_o the_o people_n by_o transform_v a_o rod_n into_o a_o serpent_n as_o moses_n have_v do_v though_o no_o person_n be_v prejudge_v by_o their_o cheat_n and_o illusion_n likeas_n leu._n 29._o and_o 27._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o a_o man_n or_o a_o woman_n that_o have_v a_o familiar_a spirit_n or_o that_o be_v a_o wizard_n shall_v sure_o be_v put_v to_o death_n they_o shall_v stone_n they_o with_o stone_n their_o blood_n shall_v be_v upon_o they_o which_o law_n be_v in_o such_o observation_n among_o the_o jew_n that_o the_o witch_n of_o endor_n 1_o sam._n 28._o be_v afraid_a to_o use_v her_o sorcery_n before_o the_o king_n because_o the_o king_n have_v cut_v off_o those_o who_o have_v familiar_a spirit_n and_o wizard_n out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o so_o great_a indignation_n do_v the_o eternal_a god_n bear_v to_o this_o sin_n that_o he_o do_v destroy_v the_o ten_o tribe_n of_o israel_n because_o they_o be_v addict_v to_o it_o not_o be_v the_o jew_n only_a enemy_n to_o this_o vice_n but_o even_o the_o henthen_n follow_v the_o dictate_v of_o nature_n punish_v witch_n as_o enemy_n to_o the_o author_n of_o it_o for_o the_o persian_n dash_v their_o head_n against_o stone_n as_o mince_v observe_v ad_fw-la §_o item_n lex_fw-la cornelia_n inst_n de_fw-fr pub_fw-la jud_v and_o tacitus_n lib._n 2._o annal._n tell_v we_o that_o publius_n marcius_n and_o pituanus_fw-la be_v execute_v for_o this_o crime_n for_o which_o likewise_o valerius_n maximus_n lib._n 6._o eap_n 3._o tell_v we_o that_o publicia_n and_o lucinia_n be_v with_o threescore_o and_o ten_o other_o roman_n hang_v but_o since_o it_o be_v express_o condemn_v in_o scripture_n and_o by_o many_o general_a council_n such_o as_o aurelian_a toledan_a and_o anaciritan_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v lawful_a for_o we_o to_o debate_v what_o the_o law_n have_v express_o condemn_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o we_o shall_v deny_v witch_n we_o must_v deny_v the_o truth_n of_o all_o history_n ecclesiastic_a and_o secular_a and_o plutarch_n lib._n 5._o sumps_n cap._n 7._o observe_n quodammodo_fw-la philosophiam_fw-la tollunt_fw-la qui_fw-la rebus_fw-la mirabilibus_fw-la fidem_fw-la non_fw-la habent_fw-la opportet_fw-la autem_fw-la qua_fw-la ratione_fw-la aliquid_fw-la fiat_fw-la ratione_fw-la tractare_fw-la quod_fw-la vero_fw-la id_fw-la fiat_fw-la ex_fw-la ratione_fw-la est_fw-la sumendum_fw-la it_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o devil_n have_v the_o power_n and_o will_v to_o prejudge_v man_n can_v but_o be_v ready_a to_o execute_v all_o that_o be_v in_o witchcraft_n and_o it_o be_v as_o credible_a that_o god_n will_v suffer_v man_n to_o be_v convince_v by_o this_o mean_n that_o there_o be_v spirit_n and_o that_o by_o their_o mean_n he_o will_v give_v continue_v proof_n of_o his_o power_n in_o repress_v the_o devil_n and_o of_o the_o necessity_n that_o silly_a man_n have_v of_o depend_v upon_o his_o infinite_a power_n to_o the_o former_a argument_n it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o as_o to_o the_o first_o all_o sin_n and_o vice_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o delusion_n nor_o be_v witch_n more_o delude_v by_o melancholy_a than_o murderer_n be_v by_o rage_n or_o revenge_n and_o though_o it_o have_v never_o be_v see_v that_o person_n natural_o mad_a have_v be_v either_o guilty_a of_o or_o punish_v for_o this_o crime_n the_o devil_n design_v in_o this_o crime_n to_o gain_v only_o such_o as_o can_v damn_v themselves_o by_o give_v a_o free_a consent_n yet_o if_o madness_n can_v be_v prove_v or_o do_v appear_v it_o will_v certain_o defend_v both_o against_o the_o guilt_n and_o punishment_n and_o therefore_o such_o a_o series_n of_o clear_a circumstance_n shall_v concur_v before_o a_o person_n be_v find_v guilty_a of_o this_o crime_n as_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o secure_v the_o panel_n and_o satisfy_v the_o judge_n full_o in_o the_o quaerie_n but_o since_o daily_a experience_n convince_v the_o world_n that_o there_o
of_o that_o place_n where_o the_o delinquent_n dwell_v may_v proceed_v to_o try_v a_o crime_n commit_v without_o his_o own_o territory_n though_o the_o party_n injure_v do_v not_o insist_v against_o which_o distinction_n though_o it_o be_v more_o plausible_a than_o the_o other_o distinction_n yet_o the_o former_a argument_n do_v likewise_o conclude_v the_o three_o conclusion_n be_v that_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o malefactor_n dwell_v may_v proceed_v against_o he_o not_o only_o if_o they_o find_v he_o present_v but_o though_o he_o be_v absent_a l._n 1._o &_o authen_n qua_fw-la in_o provincia_fw-la c._n ubi_fw-la de_fw-la crim_fw-la and_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o castil_n and_o naples_n carlev_n num_fw-la 747._o and_o thus_o the_o lord_n sustain_v a_o improbation_n against_o burghtown_n in_o july_n 1672._o though_o the_o deed_n forge_v concern_v a_o irish_a estate_n and_o though_o burghtown_n dwell_v then_o in_o ireland_n though_o he_o be_v cite_v in_o scotland_n iii_o vagabond_n may_v be_v punish_v where_o ever_o they_o be_v apprehend_v for_o have_v no_o certain_a domicile_fw-fr every_o place_n be_v in_o ipsorum_fw-la praejudicium_fw-la allow_v to_o be_v their_o domicile_fw-la boss._n de_fw-fr foro_fw-la compet_n num_fw-la 69._o and_o he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o vagabond_n who_o have_v no_o certain_a dwell_n licet_fw-la habeat_fw-la domicilium_fw-la originis_fw-la these_o our_o law_n call_v dustifoot_n and_o such_o be_v our_o egyptian_n study_v beggar_n who_o though_o they_o may_v pretend_v to_o have_v a_o dwelling_n to_o which_o they_o may_v sometime_o retâ—re_v yet_o since_o ordinary_o they_o use_v to_o wander_v and_o do_v thing_n unlawful_a they_o ought_v to_o have_v no_o benefit_n by_o that_o domicile_a iv._o by_o the_o cannon_n law_n and_o in_o all_o the_o romish_a church_n as_o ecclesiastic_a person_n can_v be_v in_o the_o first_o instance_n juge_v by_o the_o secular_a judge_n but_o though_o this_o subject_n may_v afford_v matter_n of_o curious_a inquiry_n yet_o i_o will_v not_o dip_v into_o it_o since_o the_o parliament_n do_v in_o anno._n 1662._o find_v that_o mr._n james_n guthry_n may_v be_v try_v by_o the_o parliament_n in_o the_o first_o instance_n for_o word_n speak_v by_o he_o in_o pulpit_n and_o as_o a_o minister_n albeit_o he_o allege_v that_o this_o doctrine_n shall_v have_v be_v try_v first_o by_o a_o church_n judicatur_fw-la for_o the_o parliament_n think_v that_o this_o may_v give_v too_o great_a liberty_n to_o minister_n and_o may_v encourage_v they_o by_o adhere_v no_o one_o another_o to_o inveigh_v against_o and_o disturb_v the_o civil_a government_n at_o their_o pleasure_n for_o if_o eclesiastick_a person_n can_v not_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o secular_a power_n till_o first_o the_o church_n judicatur_n do_v consider_v the_o doctrine_n then_o if_o these_o church_n judicatur_n do_v approve_v the_o doctrine_n it_o can_v not_o thereafter_o be_v find_v treason_n or_o any_o other_o crime_n v._o where_o many_o judge_n be_v competent_a they_o may_v preveen_v one_o another_o and_o prevention_n be_v defyne_v to_o be_v anticipatio_fw-la sive_fw-la praeoccupatio_fw-la usus_fw-la jurisdictionis_fw-la alicujus_fw-la judicis_fw-la circa_fw-la causam_fw-la aliquam_fw-la antequamalius_fw-la judex_fw-la circa_fw-la eam_fw-la jurisdictione_n utatur_fw-la prevention_n be_v when_o one_o judge_n interpose_v his_o authority_n or_o when_o a_o trial_n be_v enter_v upon_o by_o one_o judge_n before_o another_o judge_n do_v exerce_fw-la any_o action_n of_o jurisdiction_n about_o that_o subject_n prevention_n may_v be_v make_v either_o by_o the_o judge_n or_o by_o the_o party_n and_o prevention_n be_v not_o infer_v by_o raise_v of_o a_o libel_n without_o citation_n decian_a lib._n 4._o cap._n 21._o but_o it_o be_v infer_v by_o a_o citation_n or_o by_o the_o first_o citation_n in_o writ_n where_o more_o citation_n be_v requisite_a and_o by_o apprehend_v the_o malefactor_n because_o as_o carleval_n de_fw-fr judiciis_fw-la num_fw-la 881._o observe_n deed_n be_v strong_a prevention_n than_o word_n or_o writ_n prevention_n be_v likewise_o infer_v by_o the_o receive_n of_o witness_n in_o order_n to_o a_o inquisition_n ibid._n it_o seem_v that_o the_o allow_v and_o state_v deed_n from_o which_o prevention_n be_v infer_v by_o our_o law_n be_v only_o these_o which_o be_v enumerate_v by_o the_o 29._o act_n 11._o parl._n k._n i._n 6._o viz._n apprehend_v of_o the_o offender_n person_n and_o execute_v a_o summons_n against_o he_o to_o underlay_v the_o law_n and_o therefore_o no_o mention_n be_v there_o make_v of_o receive_v of_o witness_n or_o inquisition_n it_o appear_v that_o these_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o infer_v prevention_n in_o our_o law_n in_o the_o competition_n of_o this_o prevention_n when_o one_o judge_n have_v do_v one_o deed_n and_o another_o juâ—ge_n have_v do_v another_o the_o ordinary_a conclusion_n for_o peference_n be_v 1._o that_o when_o one_o judge_n use_v first_o real_a citation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v appehend_v the_o offender_n and_o the_o other_o a_o verbal_a or_o citation_n by_o writ_n the_o real_a be_v prefer_v 2._o when_o the_o one_o do_v at_o the_o same_o time_n use_v a_o real_a by_o capture_z and_o the_o other_o a_o write_a citation_n he_o who_o have_v take_v the_o malefactor_n be_v prefer_v 3._o where_o the_o one_o have_v first_o use_v the_o citation_n and_o the_o other_o have_v apprehend_v the_o delinquent_n though_o many_o lawyer_n do_v prefer_v the_o judge_n who_o apprehend_v yet_o the_o judge_n who_o fiâ—st_v cite_v will_v be_v prefer_v in_o our_o law_n and_o if_o a_o citation_n be_v a_o way_n of_o prevention_n as_o be_v say_v former_o i_o see_v not_o why_o the_o jus_o quaesitum_fw-la by_o that_o prevention_n can_v be_v thereafter_o take_v away_o for_o though_o it_o may_v be_v pretend_v that_o judge_n will_v be_v thus_o encourage_v to_o take_v malefactor_n which_o be_v a_o great_a benefit_n than_o the_o cite_v they_o be_v yet_o i_o think_v it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o all_o judge_n to_o concur_v to_o take_v malefactor_n though_o cite_v by_o other_o judge_n and_o yet_o by_o the_o foresay_a statute_n the_o judge_n who_o apprehend_v the_o malefactor_n before_o the_o other_o cite_v he_o do_v preveen_v the_o citer_fw-la it_o be_v agree_v to_o by_o the_o doctor_n that_o when_o two_o competent_a judge_n do_v both_o proceed_v to_o a_o trial_n and_o both_o be_v equal_o found_v in_o their_o jurisdiction_n and_o diligence_n that_o then_o he_o who_o pursue_v for_o the_o great_a crime_n ought_v first_o to_o proceed_v in_o his_o trial_n because_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v more_o concern_v to_o have_v a_o great_a crime_n punish_v than_o a_o small_a crime_n which_o they_o extend_v not_o only_a where_o the_o crime_n be_v different_a but_o even_o where_o the_o one_o be_v aggradge_v by_o more_o atrocious_a circumstance_n than_o the_o other_o as_o if_o the_o one_o shall_v pursue_v for_o wound_v and_o the_o other_o for_o wound_v in_o the_o night_n or_o in_o a_o ambush_n boss._n hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi num_fw-la 102._o and_o he_o who_o preveen_n by_o cite_v one_o of_o many_o complice_n do_v preveen_v quo_fw-la ad_fw-la all_o as_o also_o he_o who_o once_o cite_v he_o who_o give_v order_n to_o commit_v a_o crime_n do_v likewise_o preveen_v all_o judge_n quo_fw-la ad_fw-la the_o committer_n because_o it_o be_v fit_a that_o the_o cognition_n of_o the_o crime_n be_v not_o divide_v and_o ordinary_o the_o defence_n be_v common_a defence_n boss._n num_fw-la 109._o but_o i_o think_v this_o conclusion_n shall_v not_o hold_v except_z the_o other_o judge_n be_v present_o ready_a to_o pursue_v for_o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o crime_n be_v speedy_o punish_v though_o a_o judge_n competent_a have_v once_o fix_v his_o process_n by_o prevention_n yet_o if_o thereafter_o he_o be_v in_o mora_fw-la the_o other_o judge_n who_o have_v a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n with_o he_o may_v proceed_v for_o thereby_o it_o appear_v that_o by_o prevention_n he_o have_v design_v to_o exclude_v the_o other_o judge_n mere_o in_o collusion_n with_o the_o delinquent_n novem_n 9_o 1672._o scot_n contra_fw-la riddel_n if_o prevention_n be_v not_o proponed_a either_o by_o the_o party_n or_o the_o judge_n the_o process_n and_o sentence_n will_v be_v valid_a though_o lead_v before_o the_o judge_n that_o be_v preven_v when_o judge_n ought_v to_o remit_v delinquent_n to_o other_o who_o be_v more_o competent_a be_v full_o set_v down_o title_n regality_n title_n iii_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o parliament_n in_o crime_n 1._o the_o parliament_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o the_o trial_n of_o crime_n even_o where_o the_o panel_n be_v absent_a 2._o forefeiture_n in_o parliament_n can_v be_v quarrel_v before_o any_o inferior_a judge_n 3._o whether_o decreet_v pronounce_v by_o commissioner_n of_o parliament_n can_v be_v quarrel_v by_o any_o inferior_a judicatory_a i._o since_o the_o parliament_n be_v the_o supreme_a judicatory_a it_o may_v certain_o cognosce_fw-la all_o