time_n these_o thing_n i_o have_v lay_v together_o with_o all_o possible_a brevity_n and_o clearness_n that_o in_o one_o view_n we_o may_v see_v a_o consent_n of_o all_o these_o part_n of_o the_o christian_a world_n in_o call_v bishop_n to_o their_o public_a council_n and_o most_o solemn_a debate_n and_o how_o far_o they_o be_v from_o think_v such_o employment_n inconsistent_a with_o their_o sacred_a function_n and_o charge_v they_o that_o thereby_o they_o leave_v the_o word_n of_o god_n to_o serve_v table_n neither_o can_v this_o be_v look_v on_o as_o any_o part_n of_o the_o degeneracy_n of_o the_o church_n or_o the_o policy_n of_o the_o papacy_n since_o as_o the_o forecited_n arumaeus_n say_v they_o be_v admit_v to_o this_o honour_n before_o the_o papal_a power_n be_v advance_v and_o be_v so_o far_o from_o carry_v on_o the_o pope_n design_n that_o they_o be_v in_o most_o country_n the_o great_a opposer_n of_o they_o and_o when_o the_o pope_n begin_v to_o set_v up_o their_o monarchy_n their_o business_n be_v to_o draw_v they_o off_o from_o meet_v in_o these_o council_n under_o several_a pretence_n of_o case_n of_o blood_n and_o other_o thing_n the_o better_a to_o keep_v they_o in_o a_o sole_a dependency_n on_o themselves_o as_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o follow_a discourse_n 2._o the_o next_o thing_n suggest_v be_v that_o the_o imperial_a law_n do_v forbid_v clergyman_n have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v with_o secular_a matter_n 4._o and_o for_o this_o a_o rescript_n of_o honorius_n and_o theodosius_n be_v mention_v and_o a_o decree_n of_o justinian_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v 1._o the_o imperial_a edict_n be_v not_o the_o law_n of_o england_n our_o dispute_n be_v about_o a_o right_n by_o our_o own_o law_n which_o a_o rescript_n of_o honorius_n and_o theodosius_n can_v neither_o give_v nor_o take_v away_o what_o will_v become_v of_o the_o whole_a frame_n of_o our_o government_n and_o of_o our_o just_a right_n and_o property_n if_o the_o produce_v of_o imperial_a edict_n will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o overthrow_v they_o when_o the_o bishop_n once_o plead_v hard_o in_o parliament_n in_o behalf_n of_o a_o imperial_a constitution_n late_o adopt_v into_o the_o canon-law_n the_o answer_v give_v by_o all_o the_o temporal_a lord_n be_v 3._o nolumus_fw-la leges_fw-la angliae_fw-la mutare_fw-la quae_fw-la huc_fw-la usque_fw-la usitatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o approbatae_fw-la they_o do_v not_o mean_a they_o will_v make_v no_o alteration_n in_o parliament_n for_o that_o very_a parliament_n do_v so_o in_o several_a thing_n but_o their_o meaning_n be_v 2._o as_o mr._n selden_n observe_v that_o they_o own_v neither_o canon_n nor_o imperial_a law_n here_o any_o far_a than_o they_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n 2._o the_o imperial_a constitution_n do_v give_v liberty_n to_o churchman_n to_o have_v to_o do_v in_o secular_a affair_n the_o emperor_n constantine_n who_o constitution_n deserve_v as_o great_a regard_n as_o those_o of_o honorius_n and_o theodosius_n to_o show_v his_o respect_n to_o the_o christian_a religion_n permit_v all_o man_n to_o bring_v their_o cause_n before_o the_o bishop_n without_o ever_o go_v to_o the_o other_o tribunal_n 9_o as_o sozomen_n a_o lawyer_n of_o constantinople_n relate_v and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a foundation_n of_o the_o constitution_n de_fw-fr episcopali_fw-la judicio_fw-la as_o gothofred_n confess_v which_o be_v at_o large_a insert_v into_o the_o capitular_o baluz_n with_o a_o more_o than_o usual_a introduction_n and_o make_v a_o law_n to_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o empire_n frank_n saxon_n lombard_n briton_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o be_v more_o considerable_a to_o these_o part_n then_o a_o bare_a rescript_n of_o honorius_n and_o theodosius_n and_o yet_o these_o very_a emperor_n 8._o in_o a_o constitution_n of_o they_o do_v so_o far_o ratify_v the_o judgement_n of_o bishop_n upon_o trial_n by_o consent_n before_o they_o that_o no_o appeal_n do_v lie_v from_o their_o decree_n what_o rescript_n then_o be_v this_o of_o they_o which_o so_o utter_o forbid_v clegy-man_n have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v with_o public_a function_n or_o thing_n appertain_v to_o the_o court_n i_o suppose_v that_o constitution_n of_o honorius_n be_v mean_v which_o confine_v the_o bishop_n power_n to_o what_o concern_v religion_n and_o leave_v other_o cause_n to_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n and_o the_o course_n of_o law_n but_o two_o thing_n be_v well_o observe_v by_o jac._n gothofred_n concern_v this_o rescript_n of_o honorius_n 1._o 1._o that_o it_o be_v mean_v of_o absolute_a and_o peremptory_a judgement_n without_o appeal_n 2._o that_o whatever_o be_v mean_v by_o it_o not_o many_o year_n after_o this_o constitution_n be_v repeal_v by_o honorius_n himself_o and_o the_o bishop_n sentence_n make_v as_o absolute_a as_o before_o so_o that_o honorius_n be_v clear_o against_o he_o if_o a_o man_n second_o judgement_n and_o thought_n be_v better_a 3._o the_o practice_n of_o the_o best_a man_n in_o those_o age_n show_v that_o they_o think_v no_o law_n in_o force_n to_o forbid_v churchman_n to_o meddle_v in_o secular_a affair_n as_o may_v be_v at_o large_a prove_v from_o the_o practice_n of_o gregory_n thaumaturgus_n and_o s._n basil_n in_o the_o east_n 37._o of_o silvanus_n bishop_n of_o troas_n of_o s._n ambrose_n s._n augustine_n and_o other_o of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o devout_a churchman_n of_o those_o time_n 24._o and_o s._n augustine_n be_v so_o far_o from_o think_v it_o unlawful_a 24._o that_o in_o his_o opinion_n s._n paul_n command_v the_o bishop_n to_o do_v it_o constituit_fw-la enim_fw-la talibus_fw-la causis_fw-la ecclesiasticos_fw-la apostolus_fw-la cognitores_fw-la and_o the_o learned_a gothofred_n of_o geneva_n say_v judicio_fw-la mos_fw-la hic_fw-la frequens_fw-la &_o legitimus_fw-la eundi_fw-la ad_fw-la judices_fw-la episcopos_fw-la it_o be_v then_o a_o common_a and_o legal_a practice_n to_o go_v to_o bishop_n as_o to_o their_o judge_n which_o will_v never_o have_v be_v if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o law_n in_o force_n to_o forbid_v bishop_n meddle_v in_o secular_a affair_n 4._o the_o emperor_n still_o reserve_v to_o themselves_o the_o power_n of_o dispense_n with_o their_o own_o rescript_n and_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n 7._o therefore_o the_o council_n of_o sardica_n when_o it_o prohibit_v bishop_n go_v to_o court_n except_v the_o prince_n call_v they_o thither_o upon_o which_o balsamon_n have_v this_o note_n that_o although_o the_o canon_n prohibit_v yet_o if_o the_o emperor_n command_v the_o bishop_n be_v bind_v to_o obey_v and_o to_o do_v what_o he_o command_v they_o without_o any_o fault_n either_o in_o the_o emperor_n or_o they_o and_o in_o other_o place_n he_o assert_v the_o emperor_n power_n of_o dispense_n with_o the_o strict_a canon_n against_o churchmen_n meddle_v in_o secular_a affair_n chalced._n thence_o he_o say_v the_o metropolitan_a of_o side_n be_v chief_a minister_n of_o state_n under_o michael_n ducas_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o neocaesarea_n make_v the_o law_n of_o the_o admiralty_n for_o greece_n and_o the_o gloss_n upon_o iustinian_n novel_n observe_v 2._o that_o bishop_n may_v meddle_v with_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n when_o their_o prince_n call_v they_o to_o it_o and_o this_o be_v the_o present_a case_n for_o the_o bishop_n be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n be_v write_v to_o serve_v he_o in_o the_o public_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o therefore_o no_o imperial_a rescript_n if_o it_o be_v of_o force_n in_o england_n can_v have_v any_o in_o this_o case_n which_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o imperial_a law_n themselves_o 5._o there_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n about_o iustinian_n decree_n 41._o for_o the_o bishop_n be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o mention_v in_o it_o but_o the_o defensores_fw-la ecclesiarum_fw-la who_o be_v lawyer_n or_o advocate_n of_o the_o church_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o constitution_n of_o honorius_n where_o gothofred_n prove_v they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o in_o order_n 38._o it_o be_v true_a justinian_n do_v appropriate_v the_o probat_fw-la of_o will_n to_o the_o master_n of_o his_o revenue_n but_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n testam_fw-la as_o lindwood_n observe_v have_v alter_v that_o constitution_n and_o which_o must_v we_o regard_v more_o justinian_n or_o our_o own_o law_n i_o find_v one_o thing_n more_o suggest_v by_o way_n of_o prejudice_n to_o the_o cause_n in_o hand_n viz._n the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n 4._o which_o have_v provide_v a_o writ_n upon_o a_o clergy-man_n be_v choose_v a_o officer_n in_o a_o manor_n say_v it_o be_v contra_fw-la legem_fw-la &_o consuetudinem_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o non_fw-la consonum_fw-la the_o argument_n have_v be_v altogether_o as_o good_a if_o it_o have_v be_v take_v from_o a_o minister_n of_o a_o parish_n not_o be_v capable_a of_o the_o office_n of_o constable_n and_o it_o have_v as_o effectual_o prove_v that_o clergyman_n ought_v not_o to_o meddle_v in_o secular_a
in_o the_o same_o circumstance_n the_o apostle_n be_v when_o the_o christian_a church_n be_v to_o be_v plant_v in_o the_o world_n and_o so_o few_o person_n as_o the_o 12_o apostle_n make_v choice_n of_o for_o that_o work_n be_v there_o no_o difference_n to_o be_v make_v between_o a_o church_n constitute_v and_o settle_v and_o incorporate_v into_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o one_o not_o yet_o form_v but_o labour_v under_o great_a difficulty_n and_o make_v its_o way_n through_o constant_a persecution_n may_v it_o not_o be_v as_o well_o argue_v that_o bishop_n be_v not_o to_o stay_v in_o one_o country_n nor_o to_o have_v any_o fix_a habitation_n because_o the_o apostle_n pass_v from_o place_n to_o place_n preach_v the_o word_n of_o god_n do_v not_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n himself_o confess_v that_o the_o clergy_n be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 86._o and_o by_o the_o act_n 8_o eliz._n 1._o the_o clergy_n be_v call_v one_o of_o the_o great_a state_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o be_v there_o not_o then_o great_a reason_n that_o those_o who_o be_v the_o chief_a part_n of_o it_o as_o he_o confess_v the_o bishop_n to_o be_v shall_v have_v a_o share_n in_o affair_n that_o concern_v the_o whole_a nation_n and_o will_v it_o not_o seem_v strange_a to_o the_o christian_a world_n that_o we_o alone_o of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o europe_n shall_v exclude_v the_o bishop_n from_o have_v a_o equal_a interest_n with_o the_o other_o estate_n in_o parliament_n for_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o prove_v from_o unquestionable_a testimony_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v well_o settle_v in_o any_o of_o these_o northern_a kingdom_n the_o bishop_n be_v admit_v into_o all_o the_o public_a council_n and_o have_v so_o continue_v to_o this_o day_n where_o the_o convention_n of_o the_o estate_n have_v be_v keep_v up_o bohemia_n only_o except_v since_o the_o day_n of_o sigismond_n i_o begin_v with_o france_n where_o hincmarus_n say_v lalatii_fw-la there_o be_v two_o great_a council_n every_o year_n one_o of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o order_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o ensue_a year_n and_o redress_v of_o grievance_n and_o in_o these_o the_o bishop_n be_v always_o present_a and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o king_n council_n which_o manage_v the_o intervening_a affair_n and_o into_o this_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o bishop_n be_v choose_v it_o be_v endless_a to_o repeat_v the_o several_a parliament_n in_o france_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o merovingian_n and_o caroline_n race_n wherein_o law_n be_v pass_v and_o the_o great_a affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n manage_v by_o the_o bishop_n noblemen_z and_o other_o those_o who_o have_v look_v into_o the_o ancient_a annal_n and_o capitular_o of_o france_n can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o this_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n remarkable_a to_o our_o purpose_n in_o the_o famous_a council_n of_o frankford_n which_o oppose_v the_o worship_n of_o image_n so_o stout_o viz._n that_o after_o the_o matter_n of_o religion_n be_v agree_v then_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o that_o age_n the_o other_o estate_n be_v present_a they_o proceed_v to_o other_o matter_n and_o then_o tassilo_n duke_n of_o bavaria_n be_v bring_v upon_o his_o knee_n for_o treason_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o peter_n bishop_n of_o verdun_n be_v hear_v who_o be_v likewise_o accuse_v of_o treason_n and_o there_o purge_v himself_o concern_v both_o which_o case_n there_o be_v 2_o canon_n still_o extant_a among_o the_o canon_n of_o that_o council_n 9_o and_o in_o another_o the_o bishop_n be_v appoint_v by_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n to_o do_v justice_n in_o their_o several_a diocese_n and_o that_o they_o have_v not_o only_o a_o share_n in_o the_o legislative_a but_o in_o the_o judiciary_n part_n appear_v by_o one_o of_o the_o ancient_a formulae_fw-la in_o marculphus_n 25._o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o king_n sit_v in_o judgement_n unà _fw-la cum_fw-la dominis_n &_o patribus_fw-la nostris_fw-la episcopis_fw-la vel_fw-la cum_fw-la plurimis_fw-la optimatibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la vel_fw-la in_o the_o language_n of_o that_o age_n be_v the_o same_o with_o &_o this_o be_v the_o palatine_a court_n 287._o where_o bignonius_n say_v the_o great_a cause_n be_v hear_v the_o king_n himself_o be_v present_a or_o the_o come_v palatii_fw-la episcopis_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la adsidentibus_fw-la the_o bishop_n and_o lord_n sit_v in_o judicature_n together_o with_o he_o and_o this_o be_v not_o only_o the_o original_a of_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n as_o a_o stand_a court_n of_o judicature_n but_o the_o like_a in_o england_n be_v the_o true_a foundation_n of_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n so_o that_o in_o the_o elder_a and_o best_a time_n of_o france_n after_o christianity_n have_v prevail_v there_o neither_o consultation_n about_o public_a affair_n nor_o administration_n of_o justice_n be_v think_v inconsistent_a with_o the_o function_n of_o bishop_n in_o spain_n during_o the_o gothick_n power_n all_o the_o great_a affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o even_o the_o right_n of_o their_o prince_n be_v debate_v and_o transact_v by_o the_o great_a of_o the_o clergy_n and_o nobility_n together_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o several_a council_n of_o toledo_n in_o that_o time_n 1._o in_o the_o case_n of_o suintilas_n sisenandus_n and_o other_o and_o in_o one_o of_o they_o it_o be_v say_v that_o after_o they_o have_v dispatch_v matter_n of_o religion_n they_o proceed_v ad_fw-la caeterarum_fw-la causarum_fw-la negotia_fw-la to_o the_o handle_n of_o other_o cause_n 2._o in_o the_o 13._o council_n of_o toledo_n the_o case_n of_o impeachment_n of_o treason_n be_v bring_v in_o and_o rule_v set_v down_o for_o due_a proceed_n therein_o and_o yet_o from_o one_o of_o these_o council_n of_o toledo_n it_o be_v that_o all_o the_o stir_n have_v be_v make_v in_o the_o canon-law_n about_o bishop_n not_o be_v present_a in_o case_n of_o blood_n in_o germany_n the_o first_o law_n that_o be_v ever_o publish_v be_v those_o by_o lotharius_n ii_o in_o comitiis_fw-la regni_fw-la 362._o say_v goldastus_n and_o there_o be_v present_a 33_o bishop_n 34_o duke_n 72_o count_n beside_o the_o people_n and_o by_o the_o matriculation-roll_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n it_o appear_v what_o a_o great_a interest_n the_o clergy_n have_v preserve_v there_o in_o from_o the_o first_o time_n of_o the_o prevalecy_n of_o christianity_n there_o 98._o and_o arumaeus_n a_o considerable_a protestant_a lawyer_n of_o the_o empire_n say_v the_o bishop_n of_o germany_n sit_v in_o a_o double_a capacity_n in_o the_o diet_n both_o as_o bishop_n and_o as_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o he_o commend_v the_o prudence_n of_o that_o constitution_n with_o respect_n both_o to_o justice_n and_o the_o honour_n and_o safety_n of_o religion_n for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bohemia_n 1._o goldastus_n a_o learned_a protestant_n say_v that_o there_o as_o in_o all_o other_o well-constituted_n kingdom_n among_o christian_n there_o be_v 3_o estate_n of_o prelate_n noble_n and_o commons_o and_o this_o continue_a he_o say_v from_o the_o time_n christianity_n be_v receive_v till_o the_o day_n of_o sigismond_n no_o soon_o be_v christianity_n receive_v in_o hungary_n 1._o but_o their_o prince_n stephanus_n and_o ladislaus_n call_v their_o great_a council_n of_o their_o prelate_n and_o noble_n and_o the_o law_n make_v in_o the_o concilium_fw-la zabolchianum_fw-la be_v pass_v by_o the_o king_n 12._o with_o all_o his_o bishop_n and_o noble_n and_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a clergy_n and_o people_n in_o poland_n 2â—5_n starovolscius_fw-la say_v that_o their_o ancestor_n after_o they_o receive_v christianity_n out_o of_o regard_n to_o religion_n give_v the_o bishop_n the_o first_o place_n in_o the_o senate_n and_o admit_v the_o clergy_n to_o the_o great_a office_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 263._o and_o sigismond_n in_o his_o constitution_n say_v the_o state_n of_o poland_n consist_v of_o the_o bishop_n baron_n and_o delegate_n call_v nuntii_fw-la terrestres_fw-la in_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n 85._o adamus_n bremensis_n say_v that_o the_o bishop_n after_o the_o people_n receive_v christianity_n be_v receive_v into_o their_o public_a council_n 8._o and_o loccenius_n reckon_v up_o among_o the_o several_a estate_n the_o bishop_n nobles_z knight_n and_o deputy_n of_o the_o country_n and_o city_n and_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o hirdstraa_n 36._o or_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o norway_n the_o bishop_n as_o well_o as_o nobility_n be_v present_a in_o the_o convention_n of_o the_o state_n and_o all_o public_a council_n the_o like_a may_v be_v prove_v here_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n from_o the_o conversion_n of_o ethelbert_n downward_o this_o be_v so_o very_o evident_a that_o he_o must_v blind_v his_o eye_n that_o do_v not_o see_v it_o if_o he_o do_v but_o cast_v they_o on_o the_o history_n of_o those_o
power_n about_o the_o liberty_n of_o churchman_n this_o be_v carry_v on_o from_o the_o time_n that_o william_n i._o bring_v they_o into_o subjection_n by_o their_o barony_n his_o son_n stand_v upon_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n whilst_o anselm_n and_o his_o brethren_n struggle_v all_o they_o can_v but_o to_o little_a purpose_n till_o after_o the_o death_n of_o h._n i._n then_o stephen_n to_o gratify_v the_o great_a prelate_n by_o who_o favour_n he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n yield_v all_o they_o desire_v but_o he_o soon_o repent_v and_o they_o be_v even_o with_o he_o for_o it_o malmsbury_n take_v particular_a notice_n that_o he_o yield_v they_o shall_v have_v their_o possession_n free_a and_o absolute_a b._n and_o they_o promise_v only_o a_o conditional_a allegiance_n to_o he_o as_o long_o as_o he_o maintain_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n when_o k._n stephen_n break_v the_o canon_n as_o they_o say_v by_o imprison_v 2_o bishop_n the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o his_o brethren_n summon_v he_o to_o answer_v it_o before_o they_o in_o council_n and_o there_o declare_v that_o the_o king_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o churchman_n till_o the_o cause_n be_v first_o hear_v and_o determine_v by_o themselves_o all_o his_o time_n they_o have_v no_o regard_n to_o his_o authority_n when_o it_o contradict_v their_o will_n and_o when_o the_o peace_n be_v make_v between_o he_o and_o h._n ii_o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la take_v notice_n that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o clergy_n increase_v by_o it_o 528._o in_o this_o state_n h._n ii_o find_v thing_n 16._o when_o gul._n neuburgensis_n say_v the_o great_a business_n of_o the_o churchman_n be_v to_o preserve_v their_o liberty_n upon_o this_o the_o great_a quarrel_n between_o he_o and_o becket_n begin_v this_o make_v the_o king_n search_v what_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v which_o his_o ancestor_n challenge_v to_o these_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o make_v becket_n and_o his_o brethren_n submit_v for_o this_o purpose_n the_o parliament_n be_v call_v at_o clarendon_n and_o after_o great_a debate_n the_o 16_o constitution_n be_v produce_v which_o be_v those_o the_o king_n be_v resolve_v to_o maintain_v and_o he_o make_v the_o bishop_n as_o well_o as_o other_o swear_v to_o observe_v they_o now_o when_o the_o rest_n of_o they_o relate_v to_o some_o exemption_n and_o privilege_n which_o the_o churchman_n challenge_v to_o themselves_o about_o their_o court_n excommunication_n appeal_n and_o such_o like_a and_o which_o the_o king_n think_v fit_a to_o restrain_v they_o in_o from_o whence_o in_o becket_n epistle_n it_o be_v say_v 3._o those_o constitution_n be_v frame_v ad_fw-la ancillandam_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la to_o bring_v the_o church_n in_o subjection_n as_o baronius_n show_v out_o of_o the_o vatican_n copy_n and_o fitz-stephen_n s_o say_v all_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n be_v for_o suppress_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n and_o oppress_v the_o clergy_n i_o say_v consider_v this_o be_v there_o not_o then_o great_a reason_n to_o understand_v this_o 11_o the_o constitution_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n viz._n that_o notwithstanding_o k._n stephen_n grant_n h._n ii_o will_v make_v they_o hold_v by_o barony_n and_o do_v all_o the_o service_n of_o baron_n in_o the_o king_n court_n as_o other_o baron_n do_v and_o he_o will_v allow_v they_o no_o other_o privilege_n but_o that_o of_o withdraw_v when_o they_o come_v to_o sentence_n in_o a_o case_n of_o blood_n what_o be_v there_o in_o this_o sense_n but_o what_o be_v easy_a and_o natural_a and_o full_o agreeable_a to_o the_o state_n of_o those_o time_n whereas_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o foundation_n for_o the_o pretence_n of_o the_o bishop_n affect_v to_o be_v present_a in_o all_o cause_n which_o the_o king_n must_v restrain_v by_o this_o constitution_n this_o sense_n of_o it_o be_v not_o only_o without_o ground_n but_o be_v absolute_o repugnant_a to_o all_o the_o history_n of_o that_o age._n for_o if_o this_o constitution_n be_v intend_v to_o restrain_v the_o bishop_n from_o try_v cause_n of_o blood_n than_o the_o bishop_n do_v desire_v to_o be_v present_a in_o those_o cause_n and_o the_o king_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o whereas_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o bishop_n pretend_a scruple_n of_o conscience_n from_o the_o canon_n that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v present_a but_o in_o truth_n stand_v upon_o their_o exemption_n from_o the_o service_n of_o baron_n which_o they_o call_v ecclesiastical_a slavery_n and_o therefore_o that_o can_v not_o be_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o constitution_n to_o restrain_v they_o in_o that_o which_o they_o desire_v to_o be_v free_v from_o and_o which_o by_o this_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n be_v plain_o force_v upon_o they_o against_o their_o will_n for_o lanfranc_n have_v bring_v the_o canon_n of_o the_o 11_o the_o council_n of_o toledo_n into_o england_n 11._o that_o no_o bishop_n or_o clergyman_n shall_v condemn_v a_o man_n to_o death_n or_o give_v vote_n in_o the_o sentence_n of_o condemnation_n at_o which_o council_n be_v present_a 2_o archbishop_n 12_o bishop_n and_o 21_o abbot_n and_o before_o h._n two_o '_o s_o time_n this_o canon_n of_o toledo_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o canon-law_n make_v by_o ivo_n burchardus_fw-la regino_n and_o gratian_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n stephen_n and_o when_o they_o see_v such_o a_o canon_n so_o general_o receive_v be_v there_o not_o far_o great_a reason_n to_o think_v they_o desire_v to_o withdraw_v then_o that_o they_o shall_v press_v to_o be_v present_a and_o the_o king_n restrain_v they_o but_o the_o constitution_n be_v so_o frame_v on_o purpose_n to_o let_v they_o understand_v that_o the_o king_n expect_v in_o all_o judgement_n they_o shall_v do_v their_o duty_n as_o other_o baron_n but_o lest_o they_o shall_v think_v he_o purposely_o design_v to_o make_v they_o break_v the_o canon_n he_o leave_v they_o at_o liberty_n to_o withdraw_v when_o sentence_n be_v to_o be_v give_v so_o that_o i_o can_v hardly_o doubt_v but_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n if_o he_o please_v calm_o to_o reflect_v upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n will_v see_v reason_n to_o acknowledge_v his_o mistake_n and_o that_o this_o constitution_n be_v so_o far_o from_o intend_v to_o restrain_v the_o bishop_n from_o all_o judicature_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n that_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o be_v purposely_o frame_v to_o oblige_v they_o to_o be_v present_a and_o to_o act_v in_o such_o cause_n as_o the_o other_o baron_n do_v at_o least_o till_o the_o cause_n be_v ripe_a for_o sentence_n which_o last_o point_v the_o king_n be_v content_a to_o yield_v to_o they_o out_o of_o regard_n and_o reverence_n to_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n be_v not_o word_n of_o prohibition_n and_o restraint_n from_o any_o thing_n but_o of_o obligation_n to_o a_o duty_n which_o be_v to_o be_v present_a and_o serve_v in_o the_o king_n court_n of_o judicature_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o other_o baron_n do_v from_o all_o which_o it_o be_v evident_a i_o think_v beyond_o contradiction_n that_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o law_n be_v not_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o prelate_n 73._o as_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n suggest_v to_o thrust_v themselves_o into_o this_o kind_n of_o judicature_n but_o a_o ambition_n of_o a_o worse_a kind_n though_o quite_o contrary_a viz._n under_o a_o pretence_n of_o ecclesiastical_a liberty_n and_o privilege_n to_o exempt_v themselves_o from_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n to_o which_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o barony_n they_o be_v bind_v sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la barones_n as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o baron_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v true_a that_o the_o bishop_n exercise_n of_o this_o jurisdiction_n together_o with_o the_o temporal_a lord_n be_v a_o relic_n of_o popery_n and_o one_o of_o the_o encroachment_n of_o the_o clergy_n in_o those_o time_n of_o ignorance_n and_o usurpation_n as_o some_o well-meaning_a protestant_n be_v now_o make_v to_o believe_v that_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o exemption_n of_o the_o clergy_n from_o this_o kind_n of_o secular_a judicature_n be_v one_o of_o the_o high_a point_n of_o popery_n and_o that_o which_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o adherent_n contest_v for_o with_o more_o zeal_n then_o for_o any_o article_n of_o the_o creed_n this_o be_v one_o of_o those_o privilege_n which_o thomas_n becket_n say_v christ_n purchase_v for_o his_o church_n with_o his_o blood_n and_o in_o the_o obstinate_a defence_n whereof_o against_o the_o king_n he_o himself_o at_o last_o lose_v his_o life_n and_o now_o to_o put_v the_o matter_n beyond_o all_o doubt_n i_o appeal_v to_o any_o man_n skilled_a in_o the_o history_n of_o those_o time_n whether_o thomas_n becket_n oppose_v the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n to_o the_o
death_n and_o break_v the_o oath_n he_o have_v take_v to_o observe_v they_o because_o by_o they_o among_o other_o thing_n the_o bishop_n be_v exclude_v from_o judicature_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n or_o for_o the_o quite_o contrary_a reason_n among_o other_o because_o this_o service_n of_o the_o king_n in_o his_o court_n impose_v on_o they_o by_o virtue_n of_o their_o barony_n be_v look_v upon_o by_o he_o as_o a_o violation_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o church_n and_o a_o badge_n of_o ecclesiastical_a slavery_n which_o by_o all_o mean_v he_o desire_v to_o cast_v off_o and_o if_o the_o latter_a be_v the_o true_a reason_n i_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o impartial_a reader_n and_o even_o to_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n himself_o upon_o second_o thought_n whether_o he_o have_v not_o wide_o mistake_v both_o the_o occasion_n and_o mean_v of_o this_o law_n 2._o let_v we_o consider_v the_o plain_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n according_a to_o the_o true_a read_n of_o they_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n have_v make_v use_n of_o the_o most_o imperfect_a copy_n viz._n that_o in_o matt._n paris_n i_o can_v tell_v for_o what_o reason_n unless_o it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o last_o clause_n in_fw-la judicio_fw-la be_v there_o leave_v out_o which_o be_v put_v in_o in_o the_o copy_n extant_a in_o gervase_n and_o in_o the_o vatican_n copy_n and_o in_o several_a mss._n in_o all_o which_o it_o run_v thus_o et_fw-la sicut_fw-la barones_n caeteri_fw-la debent_fw-la interest_n judiciis_fw-la curiae_fw-la regis_fw-la cum_fw-la baronibus_fw-la usque_fw-la perveniatur_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la ad_fw-la diminutionem_fw-la membrorum_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la now_o here_o be_v two_o thing_n to_o be_v distinguish_v 1._o something_o express_o require_v of_o the_o bishop_n as_o to_o their_o presence_n in_o the_o king_n court_n viz._n that_o they_o must_v attend_v as_o other_o baron_n and_o sit_v together_o with_o they_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v express_v twice_o et_fw-la sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la barones_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o clause_n and_o cum_fw-la baronibus_fw-la again_o after_o and_o debent_fw-la interest_n in_o the_o middle_n and_o can_v any_o one_o sober_o think_v that_o the_o meaning_n of_o all_o this_o be_v they_o must_v not_o be_v present_a in_o case_n of_o blood_n no_o the_o constitution_n say_v they_o ought_v to_o be_v present_a as_o other_o baron_n and_o sit_v with_o other_o baron_n in_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o king_n court_n and_o yet_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n do_v to_o speak_v mild_o very_o unfair_o represent_v this_o constitution_n as_o if_o it_o do_v forbid_v the_o prelate_n to_o be_v at_o all_o present_a in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n and_o that_o in_o express_a word_n for_o speak_v of_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n he_o have_v this_o passage_n 61._o and_o one_o of_o these_o constitution_n be_v that_o the_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n shall_v not_o interest_n judiciis_fw-la curie_n regis_fw-la be_v present_a at_o the_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o king_n court_n whereas_o this_o constitution_n as_o he_o himself_o cite_v it_o afterward_o run_v thus_o debent_fw-la interest_n judiciis_fw-la curie_n regis_fw-la quousque_fw-la etc._n etc._n they_o ought_v to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n till_o it_o come_v to_o loss_n of_o member_n or_o life_n so_o that_o this_o law_n express_o say_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n till_o it_o come_v etc._n etc._n and_o when_o it_o come_v to_o loss_n of_o member_n or_o life_n it_o do_v not_o say_v as_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n affirm_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v present_a then_o nor_o do_v the_o word_n of_o the_o constitution_n imply_v any_o such_o thing_n but_o only_o require_v as_o i_o shall_v evident_o make_v appear_v their_o presence_n so_o far_o and_o when_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o sentence_n leave_v they_o at_o liberty_n to_o withdraw_v in_o obedience_n to_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n which_o they_o pretend_v themselves_o bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o observe_v and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o among_o the_o 16_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n 1164._o whereof_o 10_o be_v condemn_v 6_o tolerate_a but_o none_o approve_v by_o pope_n alex._n iii_o this_o 11._o be_v one_o of_o the_o 6_o which_o escape_v with_o a_o hoc_fw-la toleravit_fw-la this_o the_o pope_n be_v content_a to_o tolerate_v because_o in_o the_o last_o clause_n of_o it_o there_o be_v regard_n have_v to_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n of_o this_o misrepresentation_n of_o the_o constitution_n under_o debate_n though_o it_o may_v have_v deserve_v a_o more_o severe_a animadversion_n i_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o because_o i_o have_v no_o design_n to_o provoke_v the_o author_n or_o any_o body_n else_o but_o only_o to_o convince_v they_o 2._o something_o allow_v to_o the_o bishop_n as_o peculiar_a to_o themselves_o viz._n that_o when_o the_o court_n have_v proceed_v so_o far_o in_o judicio_fw-la in_o a_o particular_a trial_n for_o before_o it_o be_v judiciis_fw-la in_o general_n that_o sentence_n be_v to_o be_v give_v either_o as_o to_o dismember_n or_o loss_n of_o life_n than_o they_o be_v at_o liberty_n but_o till_o then_o they_o be_v require_v as_o suppose_v charles_n v._o have_v require_v the_o protestant_a prince_n to_o attend_v he_o to_o mass_n as_o other_o prince_n do_v only_o when_o the_o mass-bell_n tinckle_v they_o may_v withdraw_v will_v not_o any_o reasonable_a man_n understand_v by_o this_o that_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o their_o attendance_n till_o then_o so_o it_o be_v here_o the_o king_n command_v their_o attendance_n till_o it_o come_v to_o such_o a_o point_n therefore_o before_o it_o come_v thither_o their_o presence_n be_v plain_o require_v by_o this_o constitution_n and_o so_o in_o stead_n of_o there_o be_v a_o statute-law_n to_o exclude_v the_o bishop_n at_o such_o trial_n there_o be_v one_o to_o require_v their_o presence_n in_o judicio_fw-la in_o the_o proceed_n of_o such_o a_o trial_n till_o it_o come_v to_o sentence_n all_o that_o can_v be_v say_v in_o this_o case_n be_v that_o the_o last_o clause_n be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o sentence_n but_o of_o the_o kind_a or_o quality_n of_o the_o cause_n i._n e._n they_o be_v to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o king_n court_n till_o they_o come_v to_o a_o cause_n wherein_o a_o man_n life_n or_o member_n be_v concern_v but_o that_o this_o can_v be_v the_o meaning_n will_v appear_v 1._o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n between_o quousque_fw-la perveniatur_fw-la ad_fw-la judicium_fw-la mutilationis_fw-la membrorum_fw-la vel_fw-la mortis_fw-la that_o may_v have_v be_v understand_v of_o a_o cause_n of_o blood_n and_o quousque_fw-la perveniatur_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la ad_fw-la mutilationem_fw-la membrorum_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la for_o this_o suppose_v a_o trial_n already_o begin_v and_o the_o bishop_n present_v so_o far_o in_o it_o but_o when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o point_n of_o mutilation_n or_o death_n than_o they_o have_v leave_v to_o withdraw_v so_o that_o this_o last_o clause_n must_v either_o be_v understand_v of_o execution_n which_o no_o one_o can_v think_v proper_a for_o the_o king_n court_n or_o for_o the_o sentence_n give_v by_o the_o court_n which_o be_v most_o agreeable_a 2._o the_o sense_n be_v best_a understand_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o that_o age._n for_o if_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o constitution_n have_v be_v they_o must_v not_o be_v present_a in_o any_o cause_n of_o blood_n and_o the_o bishop_n have_v all_o swear_v to_o observe_v it_o can_v we_o imagine_v we_o shall_v find_v they_o practise_v the_o contrary_a so_o soon_o after_o and_o for_o this_o i_o appeal_v to_o petrus_n blesensis_n 454._o who_o word_n be_v so_o material_a to_o this_o purpose_n that_o i_o shall_v set_v they_o down_o principes_fw-la sacerdotum_fw-la &_o seniores_fw-la populi_n licèt_fw-la non_fw-la dictent_fw-la judicia_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la eadem_fw-la tamen_fw-la tractant_fw-la disputando_fw-la &_o disceptando_fw-la de_fw-la illis_fw-la séque_fw-la ideo_fw-la immunes_fw-la à _fw-la culpa_fw-la reputant_fw-la quòd_fw-la mortis_fw-la aut_fw-la truncationis_fw-la membrorum_fw-la judÃcium_fw-la decernentes_fw-la à _fw-la pronuntiatione_fw-la duntaxat_fw-la &_o executione_fw-la poenalis_fw-la sententiae_fw-la se_fw-la absentent_fw-la whereby_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o bishop_n be_v present_a at_o all_o debate_n and_o give_v vote_n in_o cause_n of_o blood_n but_o they_o absent_v themselves_o from_o the_o sentence_n and_o the_o execution_n of_o it_o it_o be_v true_a pet._n blesensis_n find_v fault_n with_o they_o for_o this_o but_o what_o be_v that_o to_o the_o law_n or_o to_o the_o practice_n of_o that_o age_n i_o do_v not_o question_v but_o pet._n blesensis_n condemn_v the_o observation_n of_o the_o other_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n as_o well_o as_o this_o and_o in_o
they_o with_o go_v against_o the_o law_n or_o custom_n of_o parliament_n therein_o but_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n say_v 30._o whatever_o be_v do_v this_o parliament_n signify_v nothing_o because_o the_o whole_a parliament_n stand_v repeal_v by_o 1_o h._n iu._n and_o all_o do_v in_o it_o delcare_v null_n and_o void_a yet_o to_o our_o comfort_n 79._o the_o same_o author_n tell_v we_o the_o three_o henry_n be_v usurper_n and_o therefore_o i_o desire_v to_o be_v satisfy_v whether_o a_o usurper_n by_o a_o parliament_n of_o his_o call_n can_v null_n and_o repeal_n what_o be_v do_v by_o a_o king_n and_o his_o parliament_n if_o he_o may_v than_o the_o king_n lose_v his_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o late_a usurper_n if_o not_o than_o the_o parliament_n 21_o r._n ii_o can_v not_o be_v repeal_v by_o that_o 1_o h._n iu._n if_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n have_v consider_v this_o he_o be_v a_o person_n of_o too_o great_a judgement_n and_o loyalty_n to_o have_v mention_v more_o than_o once_o the_o repeal_n of_o that_o parliament_n 115._o by_o the_o subsequent_a parliament_n 1_o h._n iu._n from_o all_o this_o we_o see_v that_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o whole_a parliament_n both_o 11_o r._n ii_o and_o 21_o r_o ii_o the_o bishop_n have_v a_o right_a to_o sit_v so_o far_o that_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v where_o they_o be_v not_o present_a and_o therefore_o all_o the_o pretence_n they_o can_v have_v for_o withdraw_a must_v be_v from_o the_o canon-law_n which_o although_o not_o sufficient_a to_o bind_v they_o if_o the_o matter_n have_v be_v contest_v yet_o it_o serve_v they_o for_o a_o very_a colourable_a pretence_n of_o absent_v themselves_o in_o such_o dangerous_a time_n as_o those_o of_o 11_o r._n ii_o here_o the_o author_n of_o the_o peerage_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a think_v he_o bring_v seasonable_a relief_n to_o the_o cause_n 19_o when_o he_o undertake_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o bishop_n withdraw_a be_v not_o mere_o on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o canon-law_n this_o i_o confess_v be_v home_o to_o the_o business_n if_o he_o can_v make_v it_o out_o 1._o he_o say_v there_o be_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n before_o that_o do_v express_o prohibit_v they_o to_o excercise_n jurisdiction_n in_o those_o case_n this_o we_o utter_o deny_v and_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n to_o which_o he_o refer_v prove_v the_o contrary_a 2._o the_o bishop_n make_v bold_a with_o the_o canon_n when_o they_o think_v fit_a 20._o as_o 21_o r._n ii_o but_o how_o can_v they_o do_v that_o unless_o they_o have_v a_o parliamentary_a right_o to_o be_v present_a he_o say_v the_o constitute_v a_o proxy_n be_v as_o great_a a_o violation_n of_o the_o canon_n as_o be_v personal_o present_a and_o what_o then_o therefore_o the_o parliament_n will_v not_o have_v suffer_v they_o to_o do_v that_o if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o law_n to_o exclude_v they_o how_o do_v this_o prove_v that_o the_o bishop_n do_v not_o withdraw_v on_o the_o account_n of_o the_o canon_n two_o r._n ii_o because_o they_o make_v a_o proxy_n 21_o r._n two_o but_o why_o do_v they_o not_o appear_v personal_o if_o they_o have_v no_o regard_n to_o the_o canon_n when_o the_o receive_v their_o proxy_n show_v they_o have_v a_o legal_a right_o to_o appear_v but_o he_o grievous_o mistake_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o canon_n of_o stephen_n langton_n in_o lyndwood_n when_o he_o interpret_v literas_fw-la pro_fw-la poena_fw-la sanquinis_fw-la instigenda_fw-la scribere_fw-la vel_fw-la dictare_fw-la against_o make_v of_o proxy_n which_o be_v only_o mean_v of_o give_v or_o write_v the_o sentence_n for_o execution_n 21._o 3._o he_o say_v they_o be_v exclude_v by_o ancient_a custom_n which_o by_o a_o very_a subtle_a way_n of_o reason_v he_o prove_v to_o have_v be_v part_n of_o the_o fundamental_a contract_n of_o the_o nation_n as_o he_o speak_v see_v then_o say_v he_o it_o be_v without_o doubt_n that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o custom_n that_o the_o prelate_n shall_v not_o exercise_v jurisdiction_n in_o capital_a case_n not_o so_o altogether_o without_o doubt_n unless_o it_o be_v better_o prove_v than_o we_o have_v yet_o see_v it_o and_o there_o be_v no_o record_n that_o do_v mention_v when_o it_o do_v begin_v nor_o any_o time_n when_o it_o can_v be_v say_v there_o never_o be_v such_o a_o usage_n yes_o before_o the_o council_n of_o toledo_n be_v publish_v in_o spain_n and_o receive_v here_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v suppose_v that_o it_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o government_n itself_o and_o part_n of_o the_o fundamental_a contract_n of_o the_o nation_n which_o look_v so_o like_o a_o jesuitical_a argument_n that_o one_o will_v have_v think_v he_o have_v be_v prove_v transubstantiation_n by_o it_o for_o just_a thus_o the_o argument_n run_v at_o this_o day_n among_o that_o party_n there_o be_v a_o time_n when_o it_o be_v receive_v and_o no_o time_n can_v be_v instance_a in_o wherein_o it_o be_v not_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o fundamental_a religion_n of_o jesus_n christ._n the_o plain_a answer_n in_o both_o case_n be_v the_o same_o if_o we_o can_v produce_v unquestionable_a authority_n to_o which_o a_o doctrine_n or_o practice_n be_v repugnant_a we_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o assign_v any_o punctual_a time_n in_o which_o it_o must_v first_o come_v in_o but_o in_o this_o case_n we_o do_v assign_v the_o very_a time_n and_o occasion_n of_o the_o bishop_n absent_v themselves_o in_o capital_a judgement_n and_o that_o be_v from_o the_o receive_n the_o canon_n of_o the_o council_n of_o toledo_n here_o for_o no_o such_o practice_n can_v ever_o be_v prove_v before_o and_o therefore_o this_o can_v never_o be_v prove_v to_o be_v any_o part_n of_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o england_n and_o that_o this_o come_v in_o by_o way_n of_o imitation_n of_o other_o country_n appear_v by_o the_o cite_n the_o council_n of_o toledo_n both_o by_o lanfranc_n and_o richard_n in_o the_o council_n of_o winchester_n 23._o 4._o he_o say_v the_o practice_n be_v ancient_a than_o any_o of_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n but_o how_o do_v that_o appear_v the_o elder_a canon_n he_o can_v find_v be_v that_o of_o stephen_n langton_n in_o lyndwood_n which_o be_v make_v above_o 50_o year_n after_o the_o parliament_n at_o clarendon_n but_o we_o have_v make_v it_o evident_a there_o be_v a_o canon_n receive_v here_o in_o lanfranc_n time_n long_o before_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n and_o so_o a_o full_a answer_n be_v give_v to_o these_o objection_n but_o we_o be_v tell_v by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n that_o the_o bishop_n protestation_n be_v receive_v and_o enter_v in_o the_o roll_n or_o journal-book_n make_v it_o to_o pass_v for_o a_o law_n it_o be_v agree_v to_o by_o the_o king_n and_o two_o house_n so_o as_o whatever_o be_v the_o law_n before_o if_o it_o be_v only_o the_o canon-law_n it_o be_v now_o come_v to_o be_v the_o law_n and_o rule_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n 2._o this_o be_v therefore_o the_o second_o point_n to_o be_v examine_v whether_o the_o receive_v this_o protestation_n amount_v to_o a_o law_n of_o exclusion_n which_o it_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n do_v for_o these_o two_o reason_n 1._o from_o the_o nature_n of_o protestation_n in_o general_a 2._o from_o the_o particular_a nature_n of_o this_o protestation_n 1._o from_o the_o nature_n of_o protestation_n in_o general_n for_o a_o protestation_n be_v only_o a_o declaration_n of_o their_o mind_n that_o make_v it_o and_o not_o of_o they_o who_o receive_v it_o or_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v enter_v in_o the_o act_n or_o record_n of_o the_o court_n unless_o it_o be_v receive_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o imply_v their_o consent_n for_o the_o very_a next_o parliament_n after_o this_o 13_o r._n ii_o the_o two_o archbishop_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a clergy_n enter_v a_o protestation_n that_o they_o give_v no_o assent_n to_o any_o law_n or_o statute_n make_v in_o restraint_n of_o the_o pope_n authority_n and_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o roll_n of_o parliament_n that_o at_o their_o request_n these_o protestation_n be_v enroll_v will_v any_o man_n hence_o infer_v that_o these_o protestation_n be_v make_v act_n of_o parliament_n if_o the_o cause_n will_v have_v bear_v any_o better_a a_o person_n of_o so_o much_o skill_n in_o proceed_n of_o parliament_n will_v never_o have_v use_v such_o a_o argument_n as_o this_o beside_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o protestation_n 24._o si_fw-la protestatio_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la fiat_fw-la semper_fw-la per_fw-la contrarium_fw-la actum_fw-la tollitur_fw-la say_v hostiensis_n a_o protestation_n although_o allow_v in_o court_n be_v take_v off_o by_o a_o subsequent_a act_n contrary_a to_o it_o which_o show_v that_o a_o protestation_n can_v never_o have_v
noble_n 77._o ut_fw-la episcopi_fw-la abbates_n comites_fw-la &_o potentiores_fw-la quique_fw-la si_fw-la causam_fw-la inter_fw-la se_fw-la habuerint_fw-la ac_fw-la se_fw-la pacificare_fw-la noluerint_fw-la ad_fw-la nostram_fw-la jubeantur_fw-la venire_fw-la praesentiam_fw-la neque_fw-la illorum_fw-la contentio_fw-la aliubi_fw-la judicetur_fw-la but_o in_o this_o court_n they_o challenge_v that_o as_o their_o privilege_n to_o be_v try_v by_o their_o peer_n who_o be_v call_v pares_fw-la curiae_fw-la 1434._o so_o the_o emperor_n sigismond_n in_o his_o protestation_n before_o the_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n cum_fw-la secundùm_fw-la juris_fw-la communis_fw-la dispositionem_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la usum_fw-la morem_fw-la stylum_fw-la &_o consuetudinem_fw-la sacri_fw-la romani_fw-la imperii_fw-la feudalis_fw-la contentio_fw-la per_fw-la dominum_fw-la feudi_fw-la ac_fw-la pares_fw-la curiae_fw-la terminanda_fw-la sit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o again_o nisi_fw-la parium_n nostrae_fw-la curiae_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la galâ—icis_fw-la so_o likewise_o in_o france_n as_o tilius_fw-la say_v haec_fw-la judiciorum_fw-la ratio_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la causis_fw-la feudalibus_fw-la judicent_fw-la feudales_n pares_fw-la 96._o in_o gallia_n est_fw-la perantiqua_fw-la so_o in_o fulbertus_n one_o count_n send_v word_n to_o another_o that_o their_o cause_n shall_v not_o be_v determine_v nisi_fw-la in_o conventu_fw-la parium_n suorum_fw-la and_o many_o other_o example_n may_v be_v produce_v but_o these_o be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v we_o understand_v the_o true_a original_a of_o this_o right_n of_o peerage_n which_o be_v from_o the_o feodal_n law_n and_o all_o those_o who_o hold_v of_o the_o same_o lord_n and_o by_o the_o same_o tenure_n be_v say_v to_o be_v pares_fw-la peer_n and_o therefore_o since_o the_o bishop_n in_o england_n be_v baron_n by_o tenure_n ever_o since_o william_n i._o by_o consequence_n they_o be_v peer_n to_o other_o baron_n and_o have_v the_o same_o original_n right_o of_o trial_n by_o other_o baron_n as_o their_o peer_n hold_v by_o the_o same_o tenure_n and_o sit_v in_o the_o same_o court._n and_o thus_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v give_v what_o that_o author_n so_o impatient_o desire_v viz._n a_o rational_a account_n of_o the_o trial_n by_o peer_n and_o have_v thereby_o show_v that_o this_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v any_o disadvantage_n to_o the_o bishop_n cause_n that_o it_o add_v very_o much_o to_o the_o justice_n of_o it_o and_o that_o this_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o violation_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la that_o it_o be_v within_o the_o intention_n and_o meaning_n of_o it_o i_o thus_o prove_v in_o the_o 14._o ch_z of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la we_o read_v comites_fw-la &_o barones_n non_fw-la amercientur_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la pares_fw-la suos_fw-la but_o by_o the_o common_a law_n the_o amerciament_n of_o a_o bishop_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o a_o lay-baron_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o law_n they_o be_v look_v on_o as_o peer_n and_o all_o the_o parliamentary_a baron_n whether_o bishop_n or_o abbot_n be_v amerce_v as_o baron_n thence_o 15_o edw._n 2._o a_o writ_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n 12._o that_o they_o shall_v not_o amerce_v the_o abbot_n of_o crowland_n tanquam_fw-la baro_n because_o he_o do_v not_o hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la aut_fw-la partem_fw-la baroniae_fw-la and_o it_o be_v confess_v by_o the_o most_o learned_a lawyer_n that_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a do_v enjoy_v the_o same_o legal_a privilege_n 152._o in_o other_o respect_n which_o the_o temporal_a baron_n do_v as_o in_o real_a action_n to_o have_v a_o knight_n return_v in_o their_o jury_n 347._o as_o to_o a_o day_n of_o grace_n hunt_v in_o the_o king_n forest_n scandalum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la etc._n etc._n now_o since_o the_o law_n of_o england_n allow_v only_o a_o double_a parity_n viz._n as_o to_o lord_n of_o parliament_n and_o commons_o whether_o knight_n esquire_n gentleman_n or_o yeoman_n without_o any_o consideration_n of_o the_o great_a inequality_n of_o circumstance_n among_o they_o yeoman_n have_v as_o little_a sense_n of_o gentility_n as_o commons_o can_v have_v of_o the_o privilege_n of_o noble_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o this_o trial_n by_o peer_n be_v not_o found_v upon_o equality_n of_o circumstance_n and_o that_o in_o all_o reason_n those_o who_o do_v enjoy_v the_o legal_a privilege_n of_o peer_n be_v to_o be_v look_v on_o as_o such_o by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la but_o the_o great_a objection_n be_v that_o the_o lawyer_n be_v of_o another_o opinion_n as_o to_o this_o trial_n by_o peer_n and_o not_o only_o the_o common_a sort_n who_o take_v all_o upon_o trust_v which_o they_o find_v in_o the_o modern_a law-book_n but_o those_o who_o have_v search_v most_o into_o antiquity_n such_o as_o mr._n selden_n and_o sir_n edw._n coke_n to_o this_o therefore_o i_o answer_v 1._o the_o author_n of_o the_o peerage_n 6._o etc._n etc._n prove_v the_o bishop_n be_v not_o peer_n because_o not_o to_o be_v try_v by_o peer_n 143._o this_o consequence_n mr._n selden_n utter_o deny_v for_o he_o say_v it_o be_v true_a and_o plain_a that_o the_o bishop_n have_v be_v peer_n for_o which_o he_o quote_v the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n case_n who_o be_v question_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n for_o leave_v the_o parliament_n at_o salisbury_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o ed._n iii_o and_o he_o plead_v to_o the_o declaration_n quod_fw-la ipse_fw-la est_fw-la unus_fw-la e_fw-la paribus_fw-la regni_fw-la that_o he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o he_o say_v be_v allow_v in_o court_n and_o from_o other_o book-case_n and_o parlament-roll_n he_o there_o evident_o prove_v that_o the_o bishop_n be_v peer_n which_o he_o not_o only_a assert_n in_o that_o confuse_a rhapsody_n which_o go_v abroad_o under_o his_o name_n but_o in_o his_o elaborate_a work_n of_o the_o last_o edition_n of_o his_o title_n of_o honour_n marg._n in_o which_o he_o correct_v and_o leave_v out_o the_o false_a or_o doubtful_a passage_n of_o his_o first_o edition_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n that_o passage_n wherein_o this_o author_n triumph_n a_o bishop_n shall_v not_o be_v try_v by_o peer_n in_o capital_a crime_n the_o same_o thing_n i_o confess_v be_v say_v in_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o baronage_n which_o he_o there_o call_v a_o point_n of_o common_a law_n as_o it_o be_v distinguish_v from_o act_n of_o parliament_n i._n e._n the_o custom_n and_o practice_n have_v be_v so_o and_o the_o only_a evasion_n he_o have_v for_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v this_o 153._o that_o it_o be_v now_o to_o be_v interpret_v according_a to_o the_o current_a practice_n and_o not_o by_o the_o literal_a interpretation_n of_o the_o word_n which_o be_v a_o admirable_a answer_n if_o one_o well_o consider_v it_o and_o justify_v all_o violation_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la if_o once_o they_o obtain_v and_o grow_v into_o custom_n for_o then_o no_o matter_n for_o the_o express_a word_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la if_o the_o contrary_a practice_n have_v be_v receive_v and_o allow_v in_o legal_a proceed_n this_o be_v to_o do_v by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la as_o the_o papist_n do_v by_o the_o scripture_n viz._n make_v it_o a_o mere_a nose_n of_o wax_n and_o say_v it_o be_v to_o be_v interpret_v according_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o church_n 2._o some_o thing_n be_v affirm_v about_o this_o matter_n with_o as_o great_a assurance_n as_o this_o be_v which_o have_v not_o be_v the_o constant_a practice_n 30._o coke_n be_v positive_a that_o bishop_n be_v not_o to_o be_v try_v by_o their_o peer_n but_o so_o he_o be_v in_o the_o same_o page_n that_o a_o nobleman_n can_v wave_v his_o trial_n by_o his_o peer_n and_o put_v himself_o upon_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o country_n whereas_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o record_n 4_o ed._n iii_o that_o thomas_n lord_n berkely_n ponit_fw-la se_fw-la super_fw-la patriam_fw-la put_v himself_o upon_o his_o country_n and_o be_v try_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o 12_o knight_n and_o 28_o h._n vi_o the_o duke_n of_o suffolk_n decline_v the_o trial_n of_o his_o peer_n and_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n mercy_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o be_v a_o privilege_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v they_o if_o they_o challenge_v it_o but_o at_o least_o before_o 15_o ed._n iii_o they_o may_v wave_v it_o if_o they_o please_v and_o after_o that_o too_o if_o they_o be_v try_v out_o of_o parliament_n for_o this_o trial_n by_o peer_n be_v intend_v for_o a_o security_n against_o arbitrary_a power_n in_o take_v away_o man_n life_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v allow_v at_o the_o king_n suit_n but_o not_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o party_n but_o if_o bishop_n be_v try_v out_o of_o parliament_n and_o do_v voluntary_o decline_v the_o challenge_n of_o this_o privilege_n this_o be_v no_o argument_n at_o all_o against_o their_o right_n of_o peerage_n and_o so_o i_o find_v some_o say_v it_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o fisher_n eborac_n bishop_n of_o