day if his Strength will bear it which by casting forth the serous Humour through the Pores of the Body will perform the Cure Take of the decoction of Senna Gerionis four Ounces of Syrup of Buckthorn six Drams of Spirit of Sulphur five Drops of Aqua Mirabilis one Dram mingle them and make a Potion to be taken in the Morning At Bed-time after Purging give the following Pills Take of Pill Storax eight Grains of the Juice of Liquorish half a Scruple make three Pills Repeat the Purging Potion every third day for thrice Of the days the Sick does not Purge let him take of the following Electuary Take of the Conserve of Red Roses vitriolated of the Electuary of Sassafras one Ounce of Frankincense powder'd one Dram of Diacodium a sufficient quantity make an Electuary let him take the quantity of a Nutmeg Morning and Evening drinking upon it three Ounces of the following Decoction Take of the pectoral Decoction one Pint add to it in boiling of Balsam of Tolu three Drams of the Leaves of Ground-Ivy half an handful To the strained Liquor add two Ounces of Diacodium and one Ounce of Spirit of Carraways mingle them Diureticks and Diaphoreticks must be also used Lastly He that would wholly prevent this Disease must be well Cloathed and must remove into a hot and dry Country CHAP. XIII Of the Head-ach HEad-ach in Latin Cephalalgia This word is used for all Pains of the Head in general but properly it only signifies a new Pain of the Head Cephalaea is an inveterate Pain of the Head Hemierania the Pain of one side of the Head It is also divided into external and internal Idiopathick and Sympathick and of these some are pricking others heavy and some beating an inward pain of the Head is seated upon the Meninges which lies deep and reaches to the Roots of the Eyes but the outward pain is seated upon the Pericranium and is exasperated when the Head is prest or the Roots of the Hair turned back An Idiopathick Pain is continual This does not proceed from the disorder of other parts but a Sympatick Pain does What that part is which communicates the pain to the Head may be easily known by the proper Signs of the affected part The pain of the Head proceeds from a cold Cause and from a hot Cause For the Cure of the former the Flegmatick Matter is to be evacuated by the following Pills Take of the Pills of Ambar one Scruple and an half of Cochiae Minor two Scruples and an half of Tartar vitriolated ten Grains of Peruvium Balsam a sufficient quantity mingle them make twelve Pills give six of them once a Week in the Morning The Bath is very effectual in this case the party being bathed and his Head washed with it Sneezing Powder is also very proper Sudorifick Decoctions are also very beneficial in iinveterate pains Take of Sarsa parilla and Gujacum each two Ounces infuse them twenty four hours in two Quarts of Fountain Water upon hot Ashes and boil them over a gentle Fire till half is consumed add to it Coriander Seeds and Liquorish or of Sugar and Cinnamon as much as is sufficient to give an agreeable taste Strain it and keep it in a Glass let him take half a Pint hot in a Morning for fifteen twenty or thirty days and let him have more Cloaths on than ordinary But this is to be noted in the use of Sudorifick decoctions that some Purging Medicine must be given once a Week from the very beginning of the Cure Specifick Remedies should be used and such an one is the following Epithem Take of the Powder of Zedoary one Draw of the Waters of Bettony Vervain and Elder each one Ounce mingle them apply it hot to the pained part with Scarlet Cloth Among the Specificks for the pain of the Head from whatever Cause it arises Vervain is the chief whereof the distilled Water is applied to the Head and taken inwardly to four Ounces with four Drops of Spirit of Salt and Forestus says that he knew two sick People that were Cured by only hanging green Vervain about their Necks when other Medicines were used to no purpose If the pain of the Head proceed from a hot Cause give first a Glyster and then Bleed But a greater quantity of Blood is to be taken away when the Pain proceeds from Blood than when Choler abounds Afterwards some Medicines that Purge Choler must be given not only when Choler is the chief Cause but also when Blood is Luxuriant for the thinner part soon turns to Choler If by one Evacuation the peccant matter is not sufficiently purged the Purging Medicine must be repeated at due distances of time in the whole course of the Disease if the Belly be not fluid Glysters that are emollient cooling and gently Purging are to be injected every day For pains of the Head which come upon continual Feavers Sheeps Lungs taken out hot and applied to the Head do powerfully asswage the Pain Or Take of the Seeds of white Poppies two Drams of Saffron half a Scruple of Camphor one Scruple with a sufficient quantity of Populeon Oyntment spread them upon Leather and apply them to the Forehead And after general Evacuations derivation may be successfully used by Bleeding in the Forehead with a Lancet or with Leeches and by applying Blisters to the Neck In the mean while the Humours must be attemperated by Juleps and Emulsions Lastly If the Pain be very violent we must use Narcoticks outwardly and inwardly In every Pain of the Head from whatever Cause it arises and will not yield to other Remedies the Head must be shaved and a large Blister applied all over it Diseases of the EYES CHAP. XIV Of a Gutta Serena WHen the Sight is lost and there is no apparent fault in the Eye it is occasioned by the hindrance of the influx of the Animal Spirits into the Eyes An Obstruction is the most ordinary cause of a Gutta Serena which is generated by a Flegmatick Humour falling from the Brain into the Optick Nerves But it is also certain that this Disease is occasioned by the compression of the Optick Nerves by Flegm coleated about them or with Blood or some other Matter heap'd up in that place whereby Tumors are made in those places and Experience shews that an inflamation of the Brain or Phrensie in malignant Feavers occasion Blindness Lastly Wounds in the Head whereby the Optick Nerves are cut hinder the influx of the Animal Spirits to the Eyes This Disease is known by the Eyes seeming to continue in their Natural State only the Pupil appears blacker and larger But there is great difficulty in distinguishing the Causes of it for though when it proceeds from Blood or Pus an Inflamation Abscess or Wound go before yet no sure Sign can be given to distinguish a compression by a Flegmatick Humour from an Obstruction Yet we may in some sort guess because in an Obstruction only of the
commends the following Collyrium very much Take of the Juice of Fennel four ounces of the Juice of Celandine three ounces of the Juice of Rue two ounces of the Juice of Mallows two ounces and an half of Aloes one dram of Vitriol two scruple of Verdigrease one scruple of Ginger and Cinnamon half a scruple of the Gall of an Eele of Ox Gall or Hogs Gall two drams of Sugar-Candy two scruples boil the Juices add the rest and clarifie them so make a Collyrium But before and after the use of these things the Eye must be fomented with an emollient Decoction But if it cannot be cured by Topical Remedies you must proceed to Chirurgical Operation the manner whereof is describ'd by Celsus and others Of Diseases of the EARS CHAP. XXXII Of Deafness and Difficulty of Hearing WE treat of Deafness and Difficulty of Hearing in the same Chapter because they proceed from the same Causes and differ only in degree They are either occasioned by Diseases of the Head or by a fault in the Ears A Cold Intemperies of the Brain repletion or weakness or any other Disorder especially in that Part from whence the Nerves of Hearing arise may occasion Deafness of Difficulty of Hearing The fault of the Ear may be in the inward or outward part of it In the outward Cavity a perfect or imperfect Stoppage by reason of a Tumor Abscess Blood Matter Flegm or other things from within or without may occasion a difficulty of Hearing But it is to be noted that though the outward Cavity be quite stopped yet perfect Deafness will not follow for sounds can pass through the Mouth to the Ears for there is an open Passage from the Pallate to the inward Cavity of the Ears which serves for the cleansing the Ears aad those that are Deaf are wont to open their Mouths that they may hear the better And if Travelling by Night you put one end of your Stick or the point of your Sword betwixt your Teeth and the other end on the Ground you will easier hear a noise from a far and Footsteps of those that follow you In the inward part of the Ear Humours collected in the inward Cavity flowing principally from the Head most commonly Flegmatick but sometimes Cholerick occasion Deafness or Difficulty of Hearing But these Humours are sometimes transmitted to the Ears from the whole Body as in continual Fevers especially when they are malignant but it also proceeds from an ill Conformation of the Organs of Hearing as when the Tympanum is relaxed by a violent noise or from moisture And for this reason very many deaf People hear worst in a Southerly Constitution because the Membrane is relaxed by the moisture of the Air But sometimes the Tympanum is stretched and dried too much as after acute Diseases Watching or Fasting and sometimes it is broke by violent Motions or corroded by Matter But sometimes Matter and Blood flow from the Ear in great Concussions without any injury to the Hearing when they break out betwixt the Bone and the Membrane or if other Parts of the Ear are disordered from the Birth or by reason of some external Cause as from a Fall a Blow or the like Lastly a cold Intemperies occasioned by cold Air or cold Water falling into Ear or the immoderate use of Narcoticks or of other Medicines may occasion this Disease To distinguish particularly all those Causes by their Signs is very difficult yet they may be guest at in the following manner If Deafness happen by reason of a Disease in the Headâ— some other Senses are also hurt or some peculiar Disease appears in the Brain as pain or dulness of the Head Apoplexy Lethargy or the like The Stoppage of the outward Cavities of the Ears may be perceived by the Eyes if by the Sun you look into the Cavities for then you may see whether it be a Tumour or gross Matter or any other Heterogeneous Substance and then you may know by the relation of the Patient whether any thing is fall'n into the Ear. But if the inward Cavity be filled with some Humour we may reasonably suppose it is Flegm if a Flegmatick Fluxion troubled the Sick before or if he has been frequently subject to such Fluxions But if a Cholerick Humour occasions this Disease a Cholerlck Fever afflicts the Sick or went before and it is also accompanied with violent Pain if it proceed from Blood the Pain is heavy and Blood abounds in the whole Body The looseness and moisture of the Tympanum is known by moist Causes going before and by a moist Intemperies seizing some other Part for it can scarce be imagined that moisture should only seize this part Too much driness or tensity of Tympanum may be known by the driness of the whole Body and drying Causes going before We may also guess at the Rupture or Errosion of the Drum if the violent corroding and tearing Causes above-mentioned went before As to the Prognosticks of this Disease Deafness from the Birth or which has continu'd a long while and is absolute is incurable And that which is not absolute but of a long standing is seldom or never cured That Deafness which proceeds from Choler or Blood in acute and continual Fevers commonly goes off when the Fever ceases Difficulty of Hearing if it be not soon cured degenerates into a perfect Deafness if the Drum be broke and if a Cicatrix be left upon it the Deafness is incurable That Deafness which encreases and decreases by intervals is curable As to the Cure That Deafness which proceeds from a Disease of the Head requires no other Cure than what is requisite for the Cure of the said Disease that which arises from a Tumour that is hard and inveterate is incurable But if it be hot and inflamed the Cure of it is proposed in the Chapter of Pains of the Ears But if it proceed from Matter collected in the Ear see the Chapter of the things that come preternaturally from the Ear. If it proceed from driness it must be cured by a moistning Diet by long Sleep and by washing the Head with warm Water and dropping moistning things into the Ear as Oil of sweet Almonds and the like If it proceed from any thing dropp'd into the Ear that must be forthwith wash'd out shook out or extracted and if some little Animal has crept into the Ear it must either be allur'd out or kill'd The Ears are wash'd by pouring in such things as moisten smoothen and dilate them as Milk Oil of sweet Almonds or some mollifying or loosning Decoction Things are shook out of the Ears by Sneezing It is also good in this case to bend the Ear downwards and to hop upon the Leg of the same side for by this means Boys shake Water out of their Ears when they have been swimming But if those things do not succeed you must endeavour to extract it by carefully putting an Ear Pitcher beyond it or with a pair of Forceps
violent Sounds The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the variety of the Causes and first the Cure of the Noise proceeding from a consent of other Parts depends on the Cure of the Diseases of those Parts But that which arises immediately from the Ear requires a peculiar Cure and if it be generated by a cold Intemperies and from gross Wind it requires the same Cure which is described in the Chapter above If it proceed from an Ulcer in the Ears it requires the same Cure which is proposed for Curing the Ulcer in the following Chapter If it proceed from Weakness after long Sickness it will decrease gradually as the Strength increases But you must drop into the Ear Oil of Camomil of Dill or Oil of sweet Almonds And lastly if it takes its rise from a hot Intemperies or an exquisite Sense a cooling and moistning Diet must be ordered and cooling things must be dropp'd into the Ear and first a Decoction of Barly Violets Lettice Water Lilies to which may be added to make it more penetrating a little Balm or Camomil and if these do no good the Juice of Lettice Purslane and Henbane may be used Galen proposes the Juice of Poppies and Opium it self but these are to be used sparingly least by weakning the Native Heat of the Part they should too much dull the Hearing CHAP. XXXIV Of Pain of the Ears PAIN of the Ears is a very violent Disease The chief Causes of it are Intemperies immaterial and humoral Wounds Ulcers and external Things falling or thrust into the Cavity of the Ear. A cold Intemperies often occasions a Pain in the Ears it is occasioned by cold Winds cold Water and other cold thlngs for cold things are injurious to those Membranous and nervous Parts But a cold Matter occasioning Pains in the Ears is either Flegmatick or Serous flowing from the Brain or Wind transmitted from the Brain or lower Parts Hot Matter occasioning those Pains is either Cholerick or Sanguinious whereby an Inflammation is raised If an immaterial Intemperies be the Cause there is no weight peceived in the Ear nor no Tumour A cold Intemperies is known by cold Causes going before as travelling in the Winter time the increase of Pain by external Cold and its being eased by the Application of hot things A hot Intemperies may be known by the external things that heat as a hot Air the heat of the Sun pain arising from the use of hot things If the pain arise from a Flegmatick Humour there is a weight perceived in the Ear and in the Head and a Flegmatick Fluxion has sometimes fallen upon some other Parts Besides cold Causes went before as cold and a Northerly Wind cold Aliments Winter time old Age and the like If the Pain arise from Wind it will be violent but not continual and a noise of the Ear will be joined with it That it comes from a Serous Humour may be known by other Diseases produced by it and afflicting the Sick at the same time as sharp and thin Fluxions on the Teeth the Eyes the Ears the Breast and other Parts and by an Evacuation of serous Humour by Vomit Stool Urine and Sweat If it arises from a Cholerick Humour it will be pricking and sharp with a sense of heat it will be eased by cooling Medicines and the Constitution is hot and cholerick the Sick young the Course of Diet hot it is Summer and some other heating Causes went before An Inflammation is known by the Violence of the Pain Pulsation by great heat and redness that extend themselves sometimes to the Cheeks and Temples a violent continual Fever accompanies it sometimes a Delirium Convulsion Fainting and Coldness of the extream Parts A Wound may be known by Blood pouring from the Ear an Ulcer by Matter flowing out But because a Flux of Matter sometimes flows from the Brain through the Ears there is need of distinction for if it proceed from the Brain the Pain of the Head and other Signs of an Imposthume went before the Matter is evacuated in great quantity and is lessen'd by degrees till at length it quite ceases But it may proceed indeed in a great quantity from an Abscess of the Ear but then the Signs of an Inflammation went before afterwards an Ulcer follows which afterwards may be known by the following Signs whether it takes its rise from an Abscess or from a Flux of some sharp Humour A small quantity of Matter flows continually pain and heat and pricking in the Ear especially when the Ear-Picker is put in Moreover we may guess at the differences of the Ulcer for if the Ulcer actually exists it may be known by the thin Sanies that is of a Citron Colour And by the length of the Disease you may know if it be deep by the quantity of Matter if it be sordid by the thickness and quantity of it if it be virulent by the thin Sanies if putrid by the stinking Matter if corrosive by Blood flowing out after the Sanies if it be Fistulous by the duration of the Ulcer the virulent Sanies and by the hard and callous Flesh Things fallen into the Ear or thrust into it may be known by the relation of the Sick and may be perceived in the Cavity of it The Prognostick of the Pain of the Ear is various according to the variety of the Causes that which proceeds only from an Intemperies is easily cured That which proceeds from cold flegmatick serous or windy Matter is not dangerous but is most commonly long in curing But that which proceeds from hot Humours and especially if they cause an Inflammation is very dangerous for the Brain by reason of its nearness suffers by consent and a Delirium and a Convulsion often follow and young Men are in most danger of this Disease for they being of a hot Constitution and their Blood being hot the Inflammation is so great that it destroys the Native Heat of the Brain and kills the Sick within a Week but old Mens Humours are colder and the Inflammation less and so they are less in danger Ulcers in the Ears are difficultly cured because the Brain puts off its Excrements upon them but those that follow an Abscess are easier cur'd and also those that yield good Matter But when the Sanies is virulent fetid or otherwise ill qualified the Cure will be very difficult and especially if the Ulcer be Fistulous or the Bone foul The Cure must be varied according to the variety of the Causes if it proceed from a cold Intemperies alone boâ—â— Medicines applied to the Ear may be sufficient for the Cure such as were proposed for the Cure of Deafness A hot Intemperies if at any time it happen without Matter may be cur'd by cooling Topicks If it proceed from a cold Intemperies joined with Matter viz. Flegm or Wind or serous Matter the same Cure is to be administred which was proposed for the Cure of Deafness If it arise
that it cannot move readily also too much Dryness hinders Speech which happens in Feavers but Organick Diseases are magnitude increased as was said before of Tumours which hinders the free Motion of the Tongue the Figure of it faulty as when the Tongue is naturally too short or when the Top of it is cut off or when the Bridle is too strait and an Obstruction of the Nerves of the seventh Pair which are brought to the Muscles that move the Tongue Lastly Common Diseases are a Solution of the Continuum and Wounds of the Part. Too great a Moisture of the Tongue causes Stammering and such so affected cannot pronounce the Letter R and it is either native as in Children who by reason of too great Moisture are troubled with it and are freed from it in Progress of Time whereby the Superfluous Moisture is consumed But in some it remains all their Life long and they always Stammer But in some Stammering is accedental and comes from a Catarrh and from a great Fluxion of a Flegmatick Humour falling upon the Jaws or Tongue and is cured by Evacuation Revulsion and Derivation and by strengthning and drying the Head The Cure of a Palsie of the Tongue is performed by taking off the antecedent Cause viz. The Humour abounding in the Brain and by discussing the Conjunct Cause viz. the Humour thrust into the Nerves moving the Tongue And first Purging must be ordered and Bleeding must be used if Blood abound and such a Quantity must be taken away as is agreeable to the Age and Strength of the Patient afterwards Cephalick things must be used and if the Diseases be obstinate a Sudorifick Diet-drink After universal Evacuations Derivation of the Morbifick Matter must be made by Cupping-glasses and Blisters applied to the Neck and by an Issue in the hinder part of the Head Avicen applies a Cupping-glass to the Chin which is also approved of by late Authors Bleeding under the Tongue is also used successfully after general Evacuations and to discuss the Humour the following Gargarism is frequently used Take of the Roots of Florentine-orris half an ounce of the Leaves of wild Marjoram Sage Staechas Rosemary each half an handful of Cubebs three drams of Liquorish one ounce boil them in equal Parts of Water and Whitewine added towards the end to one Pint strain it and dissolve in it two ounces of Oxymel of Squils mlke a Gargarism But if it be not strong enough to do the business two or three drams of the Roots of Pellitory of Spain or the like quantity of Mustard-seed may be added to it Castor also may be added if it be not too unpleasing The Juice of Sage is much commended the Tongue being rub'd with it you may also add Mustard-seed to it The following Pills may be also held frequently upon the Tongue Take of the Juice of Bettony and Liquorish each one dram and an half of Castor and Assa-faetida each half a dram of Nutmeg and Spicknard each one scruple make them up into small Pills with Honey Fumes and Powders sprinkled into the Hair and the like must be used to strengthen the Brain and to discuss the Relicts of the Flegmatick Humour And lastly To hinder the Growth of new Matter which the Intemperies of the Brain is wont to cause after general and particular Evacuations things that strengthen the Head must be used Of Diseases of the Gums Teeth Jaws Uvula and Larynx CHAP. XLVII Of Pains of the Teeth THe Pain of the Teeth is occasioned by the Influx of Humours which are either Cold Flegmatick Hot Serous Salt or Acrid Worms also bred in rotten Teeth occasions Pain and some think that the Pain proceeds sometimes from Wind. The External and Procatarctick Causes occasioning Pain in the Teeth are all those things which promote Fluxion of Humours the chief whereof are cold Air or Southerly Winds standing long in the Heat of the Sun or abroad in the Night surfetting and all Errors in Diet. To these add Rottenness of the Teeth which weakens them and renders them more apt to receive Fluxions The Diversity of the Causes may be known by various Signs when the Pain arises from hot Humours it is very violent the Constitution hot the Age flourishing it is Summer there is great Heat in the Part and often an Inflammation of the Gums cooling Medicines give Ease hot increase the Pain But if the Pain arise from cold Humours Signs contrary to these appear If Worms are the Cause the Pain is by Intervals and the Motion of the Worm is sometimes perceived in the Part. Pain is likewise produced by a Flatuous Spirit which appears by the vehemency and tearing Pain which is felt in the Part and which goes off in a little time and is easily cured by applying discutient Remedies to the place The Prognostick is various according to the Variety of the Causes A Pain which is occasioned by a hot thin or sharp acrid and salt Humour is the more vehement indeed but sooner goes off by reason of the sudden Changes of the Humours that which proceeds from a cold and Flegmatick Humour is more gentle but of longer Duration A Tumour arising in the Gums or Jaws eases the Pain of the Teeth by reason that the Fluxion is carried to the exterior Parts so that it falls no more upon the Cavity of the Teeth As to the Cure the Cause of the Pain must be taken away and the Pain it self mitigated And although Anodyns have no great Effect unless the Fluxion be taken off yet it is often so violent that it must not only be mitigated with Anodyns properly so called but also with Narcoticks before the Cause be removed Therefore the Humour which flows to the Teeth must be drawn back evacuated and repelled that which is already flown in must be discussed and carried off by Derivation First therefore If the Pain arise from hot Humours Bleeding must be used in the Arm of the same Side whereby a Revulsion of the Humour may be made but if the Pain proceeds from cold Humours Bleeding is not so proper but by reason of the Fluxion it may be used because it principally makes Revulsion but a small quantity of Blood must be taken away unless the Signs of a Plethora appear for in that case large Bleeding may be allowed which is the best means to ease the Pain in the Teeth and all other Pains The next Day some purging Medicine must be given that is proper for the peccant Humour afterwards if the Pain continues Cupping-glasses with Scarification must be applied to the Shoulders or a large Cupping-glass without Scarification a Blister may be applied to the Neck or behind the Ears for it draws powerfully the Humours backward And to stop the Flux Astringents are properly applied to the Temples such are the Plaisters of Gum-elemi of Mastich alone or ad Herniam The fresh Roots of Comfrey bruised and applied to the Temples are excellent for stopping of Fluxion also the Powder
Pain is a Solution of the Continuum occasioned by things that bite and distend and those things that chiefly and most frequently bite and distend the Stomach are Humours or Wind whereunto may be added Worms velicating the Tunicks of the Stomach Acrid and Malignant Humours as green or Black Choler salt Flegm corrupt Ichor Stinking Matter coming from an Abscess of the Liver or Breast broken and poured upon the Stomach and all other Acrimonious Humours may occasion a Pain of the Stomach Also acid Vapours arising from the said Humours may occasion the same Pain Wind also contained in the Cavity of the Stomach may occasion Inflation and a painful Tension but especially when it is contained within the Tunicks of the Stomach which makes the Disease obstinate because it can be hardly discussed Diseases also of the Stomach and of the neighbouring Parts are wont to occasion this Pain as a hot or cold Intemperies Inflammation Schirrhus or any other hard Tumour occasioning a heavy Pain And lastly Wounds and Ulcers of the Part and Tumours and Inflations of the Neighbouring Parts by pressing the Stomach may occasion Pain But Humours and Wind that occasion the Pain of the Stomach are either generated in the Stomach or flow from the whole Body or some Parts of it from the whole Body in Feavers or when the Body is full of ill Humours from other Parts but especially from the Liver Spleen and Brain from the Liver flows Choler from the Spleen Melancholly and black Choler from the Head salt Flegm Also from other extraordinary and rare Causes such a Pain may arise as from Stones generated in the Stomach and the like Fabritius Hildanus relates that a Matron having swallowed a piece of the Rine of Bacon kept it in her Stomach two Years and was afflicted with continual Pain and at length by taking a Vomit she cast it up and was cured External causes occasioning this Disease are either Meats infected with an ill Quality or indued with a great deal of Acrimony which are sufficient of themselves to occasion such a Pain or they are apt to generate Winds or taken in too great a quantity they putrifie and become Acrimonious or they are too hot Or strong and acrid Medicines or such as are indued with a destructive Faculty may occasion the Pain or when they are taken in too great a quantity or not being well corrected and Poisons may also occasion the same Pain The Diagnostick Signs are to be directed to the Part affected and to the cause and first the Situation of the Pain shews that the upper Orifice of the Stomach is affected when it is perceived under the Xiphoid Cartilage but the violence of the Pain occasioned by the exquisite sense of the Part shews more certainly that this Part is affected and that it is a true Cardialgia so do the Anxiety and Restlesness so that the Sick cannot abide in one Posture there is also Fainting and Swooning by Reason of the Consent of the Heart wherewith there is a great Sympathy not only by Reason of the Nearness but because there is a great Loss of Spirits by the violence of the Pain sometimes also the Brain is affected by Sympathy by reason of the great Nerve that is implanted in this Part and because acrid Vapours are elevated to the Head from the Stomach upon which account Head-achs Giddiness and the Falling-Sickness arise sometimes In other Parts of the Stomach there are also sharp Pains but they are not accompanied with so grievous Symptoms and they resemble Chollick Pains but they differ in Situation The causes occasioning these Pains are distinguished by their proper Signs whereof the most plain are known by things evacuated for if Flegm or Choler or Wind or Worms are ejected by Vomit or Stool it is easie to conjecture that the Disease proceeds from such Causes but though there be no Evacuation of the Morbifick Matter we may know by peculiar Signs when Choler Flegm or Wind abounds The Signs also of Worms may be taken from the Chapter of Worms and the peculiar Diseases of the Stomach it self or of the Neighbouring Parts occasioning this Disease may be known by every ones proper Signs the Humour causing the Pain may be also guessed at by the Time of the Invasion of its Increase and Cessation for in some the Pain is worst before eating and this signifies that Choler prevails which when the Sick is fasting is drawn into the Stomach or becomes more acrid thereby in others the Pain begins presently after eating because the crude and biting Humours which before lay quiet in the Tunicks of the Stomach are disturbed by eating or being seated in the bottom of the Stomach they at that time are raised and offend the upper Orifice and in some the Pain is worst whilst the Meat is concocting because acrid and biting Vapours are elevated from the Morbifick Matter by the Heat increased in the Stomach at the Time of Concoction in others four or five Hours after eating because the Meat is corrupted by the Concoction being depraved by which means it velicates the Stomach in others the Pain is augmented after Sleep and this is occasioned by a Catarrh the Humour flowing from the Brain in the Sleep which being heaped up in a great quantity occasions Pain when the Sick awakes but the Pain is sometimes quieted by eating the Acrimony of the Humours being asswaged by the Benignity of the Food As to the Prognostick it is certain that a Cardialgia is much more dangerous than other Pains of the Stomach by reason of the exquisite sense of the Mouth of the Stomach and the great Sympathy that is betwixt that and the principle parts The greater or lesser is the Pravity of the Morbifick cause and the violence of the Symptoms so is the Danger more or less A continual and acute Feaver joined with a great Pain of the Stomach threatens great Danger for Hippocrates says Aphor. 65. Section 5. A great Heat about the Stomach and Cardiogmos in Feavers are ill for they signifie a great Quantity of vitious Humours contained in the Stomach A Pain of the Stomach occasioned by Worms or Wind is most commonly less dangerous for that the Cause is not so obstinate and not fixed to the Part but yet sometimes violent Symptoms arise from Worms contained in the Stomach and biting it whereby the Sick is presently killed and also when the Intemperies occasioning Wind is obstinate as it were habitual it is not without Danger because it degenerates into a dry Dropsie Hippocrates Aphor. 7. Sect. 4. says That Coldness in the extream parts in a Cardialgia portends Death The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the Variety of the Causes for if it arises from the Diseases of other Parts the Cure of them must be taken Care of but if the Cause be seated in the Stomach it self the Pain proceeds either from Wind or sharp and cholerick Humours or from an Inflammation Abscess or
they would be easily excluded by things that Evacuate and Cleanse and by Carminative Medicines but most commonly they are fixed in the very Tunicks of the Intestines upon which account it is difficult to remove them and so they occasion an obstinate Disease The Gross Flegmatick and Melancholly Humours flow by little and little through the Veins of the Intestines and so do not presently cause Pain till there is a quantity sufficient to irritate Nature for their Expulsion and then being moved cause Pain or Wind occasioned by them and included in the Coats of the Intestines distends them and not easily getting out occasions a lasting Pain also Choler after the same manner poured through the Veins of the Intestines upon their Coats and imbibed by them causes violent Pains which are wont to be long and obstinate because it is difficultly removed from their substance There is another Species of a bilious Chollick which degenerates into a Palsie scarce known unto the Ancients which proceeds from a bilious Humour not poured as the former upon the Colon but upon the Membranes of the Abdomen which is transferred thither either from the Gall-Bladder or from the Mesentery in the Crisis of long Feavers or by reason of violent Anger or some other external Cause when because of Obstructions it cannot be carried to the common Passages but by a Preposterous Motion is put off suddenly upon the foresaid Membranes of the Abdomen And hence great Pain arises like the Chollick which yields neither to Glisters nor Fomentations nor any other Remedy but continues for many Months by which the Body wasts and the Sick is vexed with a sort of intermitting Feaver and often with a slow continual Feaver at length the Pain remitting a Palsie succeeds that Humour leasurely creeping through the Membranes of the Abdomen to the Spine of the Back but this Palsie chiefly possesses the upper parts yet there is most commonly a Pain in the Thighs and Legs and in some few the use of them is wholly taken away and sometimes it breaks in upon the â—raâ— and causes the Falling-sickness from whence Death generally follows There are other causes of the Chollick but less frequent viz. Stones growing in the Guts Worms wound up in a bottom and obstructing the Intestines a Compression of the Guts by a Tumour of the neighbouring parts and the narrowness of them by reason of an Inflammation and other Tumours of the Guts or a twisting of them occasioned by Wind which is next to an Iliack Passion and sometimes the Matter which causes a Chollick is Venomous and Malignant Lastly All hard Bodies by obstructing the Guts or distending them may occasion a Chollick as stones generated in the Guts a great quantity of Cherry-stones hard Cheese and the like As Platerus relates of a certain Governour a long while troubled with the Chollick and Convulsions who after the use of Glisters evacuated a great quantity of hard Cheese by Stool The External Causes are a cold Constitution of the Air pressing and hardning the Belly or a hot Constitution which does likewise harden the Excrements the use of Meat and Drink unfit for the Mans Constitution of crudâ— and harsh Roots and of gross Meats of hard Digestion too much rest immoderate Sleep unseasonable Exercise immoderate Venery and other External Causes which may injure the Concoction of the Stomach The Diagnosticks of this Disease are plain for first the Pain is violent sometimes afflicting grievously this part sometimes that sometimes it possesses the Region of the Spleen sometimes of the Stomach or Liver or of the Reins sometimes it is above sometimes below the Navel and oftentimes it is most violent in the left side the Patient often Vomits the Pain is increased after Eating the Belly is most commonly bound The Signs of the Causes are distinguished in the following manner If the Pain proceed from Flegm it is not violent unless it be accompanied with Wind the Sick is eased by hot things and injured by cold things a course of Diet before apt to increase Flegm preceded If the Chollick is occasioned by Wind there is a stretching Pain and a certain Inflation of the Belly the Sick perceive a great deal of Wind and a rumbling in the Belly they are much eased by breaking Wind a course of Diet fit to breed Wind was used before as unseasonably drinking cold Water the frequent use of Pulse Turneps and Chesnuts Herbs and Fruits and the like and if the the Wind be contained in the Cavity of the Intestins the Pain is wandring and not fixed to one part and is renewed by Intervals But if it be kept in within the Coats of the Guts the Pain is fixed and is continual and obstinate because it cannot find Vent If the Chollick proceeds from an acrid and Cholerick Humour it is most sharp there is a twitching and pricking Heat Drouth and for the most part a Feaver the Disease is increased by hot Medicines and Diet and is mitigated by cold By the following Signs the Chollick and Nephritick Pain may be distinguished if they are accurately examined First The Nephritick Pain is fixed in the Kidney and stretches it self from that to the Testes according to the length of the Ureter but the Chollick is wandring and painfully girds the lower Belly Secondly The Chollick increases after eating by reason of the pressure upon the Gut by a full Stomach but the Nephritick Pain is not at all increased after eating but rather lessened because some of the Nutritious Juice is carried to the Veins which somewhat asswages the Pain Thirdly In the Chollick Vomiting is more severe and the Belly is more bound because the Colon lies near the Bottom of the Stomach and the Intestines being full or violently provoked contract themselves that they may expel the common Enemy but either of the Symptoms is common to either of the Diseases so that the Intention or Remission of them has a difficult Diagnostick For the Nephritick Pain being intense may occasion greater Vomiting and bind the Belly more than a remiss Chollick Fourthly In the Chollick the Patient is more eased by Vomiting and going to Stool than in Nephirtick Pains Fifthly In the Nephritick Pain the Urine is first clear and thin afterwards something settles to the Bottom and at length Sand or Gravel is evacuated buâ— in the Chollick the Urine is thicker from the beginning The Cure of this Disease must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes And first There is the same Way of Cure for a Windy and Flegmatick Chollick you must begin with an emollient Glister and afterwards you must give a Carminative and discutient Glister which must be repeated twice thrice or four times in a day till the Pain be gone but if after the use of one or two Glisters the Sick does not go to Stool as sometimes it happens the Belly must be irritated by a sharp Suppository but it is convenient to add to one of the Glisters four
Carminative Medicines be applied below the Navel of the Patient such are Bags of Anniseeds Fennel-seeds Fenugreek-seeds Flowers of Camomile Elder Rosemary and Stechas mixed together or a Rose-cake fried in a Pan with rich Canary and sprinkled with Powder of Nutmegs and Coriander-seeds or the Gaul of a Wether newly kill'd or his Lungs laid on warm If by these means the pains cease not let a Glister be injected made of Wine and Oil wherein two drachms of Philonium Romanum may be dissolved or Narcoticks may be given inwardly in a small quantity to allay the violence of the Humors and Wind as we are wont to do in the pains of the Cholick But if by reason of contumacious pains that will not be asswaged or of the violence of some external cause Blood begins to come away Medicines that cause Revulsion are to be applied to turn the course of the Blood from the Womb such are Frictions of the upper parts and painful Ligatures also Cupping-glasses fastened to the Shoulder-blades under the Dugs and under the short Ribs on both sides and if the Woman be full of Blood it will not be amiss to take some blood from her when she begins to void blood and especially before it begins to come and the blood must be taken away at several times a little at once And if the flux of blood continues we must proceed to an astringent and thickening Diet and Medicines and so the Powders and Electuaries before described may be administred also juice of Plantain new drawn and syrup of Poppies to the quantity of an ounce with Powder of Bole-armenick or Dragons-blood Also binding and astringent Fomentations may be used outwardly made of Pomgranate-peels Cypress-nuts Acorn-cups Baclaustins Grape-stones and the like boiled in Smiths water and red Wine Or a little bag full of red Roses and Balaustins may be boiled and applied hot to the Patient's Belly The above-mentioned Plasters and Cere-cloaths may be used and to bind more make a Pultiss of astringent Powders with Turpentine and whites of Eggs spread it upon Tow or course Flax and apply it to the Navel and Reins warm The Tow that is to be applied to the Navel must be moistened with Wine that which is to be apply'd to the Kidnies with Vinegar The two following Medicines are accounted Secrets and it is believed they will certainly retain the Child in the Womb if they be used before it be torn from the Vessels of the Womb. Take of Leaves of Gold number twelve of Spodium one drachm the Cock's treading of three Eggs not addled mix all very well till the Gold be broken into small pieces afterwards dissolve them in a draught of white Wine and give it three Mornings following At the same time let the following Cataplasm be applied Take of Male-frankincense powdered two ounces the whites of five Eggs let them be stirr'd together over hot Coals add Turpentine to make them stick then spread them upon Tow and lay them upon her Navel as hot as she can possibly endure them twice a day Morning and Evening on the three days aforesaid CHAP. CVII Of hard Labour THAT is said to be hard Labour which does not observe the due and ordinary course of Nature and longer time is spent in it and the pains are more violent than usual and the Symptoms that accompany it are more grievous Many Causes may be assigned of it both external and internal The internal depend on the Mother the Womb or the Child As to the Mother the natural weakness of the whole Body may make the Labour difficult or her Age she being too young or too old or it may be occasioned by Diseases which she had with her Big-belly Leanness and too much dryness of the Body or Fat compressing the Passages of the Womb the ill conformation of the Bones encompassing the Womb as in those that are Lame may also occasion it Wind swelling the Bowels a Stone or a preternatural Tumour in the Bladder that presses the Womb may be the cause so may the ill constitution of the Lungs or of the parts serving Respiration For the holding of the Breath is very necessary to help the exclusion of the Child As to the Womb various Diseases of it may render the Delivery difficult as Tumors Ulcers Obstructions and the like As to the Child hard Labour is occasion'd when by reason it is dead or putrified or any way diseased it cannot confer any thing to its own exclusion Also when the Body or Head of it is large or when there are many So Twins most commonly cause hard Labour or when it is ill situated as when the Hands or the Feet offer first or when one Hand or one Foot comes out or when it is doubled or when the Membranes break too soon so that the Water flows out and leaves the Orifice of the Womb dry at the time of exclusion or when the Membranes are too thick so that they cannot be easily broken by the Child The external causes depend on things necessary and contingent things necessary are those which are commonly call'd Non-natural so cold and dry Air and a North-wind are very injurious to Women in Labour because they bind the Body and drive the Blood and Spirits to the inner Parts and they are very injurious to the Child coming from so warm a place also hot Weather dissipates the Spirits and weakens the Child and causes a Fever in an ill habit of Body Crude Aliments and such as are difficultly concocted and those that bind taken in great quantity before Labour do render it difficult the Stomach being weakened and the common Passages contracted which ought to be very open in this case Drowsiness hinders the action of the Mother and Child and shews that Nature is weak The unseasonable motion of the Woman much retards the delivery as when she refuses upon occasion to stand walk lie or sit or flings her self about unadvisedly so that the Child can not be born the right way being turned preposterously by the restlesness of the Mother The retention of such things as should be evacuated at the time of Labour as of Urine that swells the Bladder or Excrements in the right Gut the Hemorrhoids also much swelled narrow the neck of the Womb and so hinder Natures endeavours And lastly violent Passions of the Mind as Fear Sorrow and Anger make the Labour difficult To things contingent ought to be referred a Blow a Fall or a Wound which may much obstruct Labour also the By-standers which ought to assist the Woman viz. strong Women and Maids which may lift her up just at the time of Delivery especially a skilful Midwife which ought to advise in every matter for if she be unskilful she may make the Labour difficult For sometimes the Midwife orders the Woman to endeavour an Expulsion and to stop her Breath when the Ligaments of the Fetus stick firmly to the Womb so that the Woman is tired before the time of her Delivery
THE Store-house of Physical Practice Being a General TREATISE OF THE Causes and Signs OF ALL DISEASES AFFLICTING Human Bodies TOGETHER With the Shortest Plainest and Safest way of Curing them by Method Medicine and Diet. To which is added for the Benefit of Young Practisers several choice Forms of Medicines used by the London Physicians By JOHN PECHEY of the College of Physicians in London LONDON Printed for Henry Bonwicke at the Red Lyon in St. Paul's Church-yard MDCXCV HONOR VIRTUTIS PRAEMIUM THE PREFACE I Believe nothing has so much obstructed the Improvement of the Art of Physick as the late unaccountable Humour of Romancing on the Nature and the Causes of Diseases For in many of our modern Authors the greatest part of the Paper is wasted about flourishing a Whimsoe to make it pass for a probable Supposition and hence the noble Art is term'd conjectural so that in some of them scarce a Page can be spared for the Cure that which is the main of the Business being huddled up or touch'd on by the by Whereas Reason and Argument are not the true Tests of Physick nor indeed of any thing else when Experience the great Baffler of Speculation can determine the Matter And which is strange this unkind usage of the Art is privileg'd by a sort of Men who are set apart for the well ordering of Physick and these Broachers of Whimsies dignified with the Titles of Philosophers and Virtuoso's From what has been said the following plain Practice must expect but cold Entertainment with the speculative Physician but such as mind and study Practice will I question not patronize the Vndertaking when upon the perusal they find in this One Treatise the Sum and Substance of several voluminous Authors it being a Collection of such Methods and Medicines as I thought best and most useful But it is chiefly design'd for young Practisers and may serve as their Vade Mecum where they may readily turn to any Disease and at once view the Diagnosticks and Cure And here it may not be improper to add briefly for the Benefit of young Physicians some Directions relating to Study and Practice And first spend not too much time upon Anatomy Chymistry and Herbs for tho' the knowledge of these is not only ornamental but useful too yet if you consume the greatest part of your time in these Preliminaries you will be as foppish as those young Sparks that give themselves up to Dancing and Fiddling and neglect Arms and History the true Accomplishments of a Gentleman But above all be not inveigled with an Hypothesis the bane of Art In the next place associate with such practical Physicians as make their own Medicines and assist in the making of Medicines and see their Practice for by this means such being usually call'd in at the beginning of the Disease you may observe a whole process of Cure whereas those that only prescribe are seldom sent for till the Disease is incurable Moreover add Reading to Practice and every day let some time be allotted for Study and so you will be confirm'd and in a great measure freed from those anxious and vexatious Thoughts that continually afflict Physicians when they are not incouraged and strengthen'd by the assistance of good Authors Is it not therefore most adviseable to abate something of the gayity of Youth and to apply in time to serious Matters that thereby you may procure a lasting Peace with your Selves and a comfortable Repose for Age For tho' many pleasant Surprizes daily occur in Youth that make the World for a time a very agreeable Habitation yet the continual Reflections on the Follies of it in our fading Years render the Mind sour and uneasy To conclude I shall add one short Note which I desire all young Physicians to observe well viz. That you have a regard to the predominant Symptom for in many Cases you must for a time desist from the method of curing the Original Disease and immediately bend all your force against the urgent Symptom otherwise the Patient will be destroy'd before the Disease can be cur'd From the Angel and Crown in Bazing-lane London January the 22d 1694 5. THE INDEX A. ABscess of the Stomach 215 After-pains 421 Agues 499 Albugo 46 Anasarca 265 Apoplexy 14 Appetite lost 188 Asthma 127 B. BArrenness 396 Belching 193 Bladders in the Eye 59 Bladder inflamed 288 Bleeding at Nose 100 C. CAncer of the Womb 384 Cancer of the Cornea 61 Catalepsis 18 Carus 14 Catarrh 28 Celiac passion 240 Childrens Convulsions 9 Childrens Diseases 429 Dead Child 415 Child-bed Purgations suppressed 419 Cholera morbus 205 Cholic 222 Cholic bilious 229 Cholic hysteric 233 Clorosis 314 Coma 14 Consumption 152 Convulsion 25 Coryza 98 Costiveness 238 Courses stopt 316 Courses immoderate 355 D. DEafness 72 Diabetes 302 Dilatation of the Pupil 43 Diarrhaea 242 Diseases of the glassy Humour 37 Diseases of the christalline Humour 38 Diseases of the watery Humour 39 Acute Diseases in Child-bed 425 Dropsie 257 Dropsie of the Womb 388 Dysury 311 E. EArs Noise in them 78 Ears Pain in them 79 Ears Things coming out of them 88 Empyâ—ma 149 Encanâ—his 67 Epiphora 68 F. FAinting 179 Falling-sickness 6 Falling of the Vvea 64 Fever pestilential 464 Fever continual 482 Fever scarlet 493 Fevers of Children 494 Fevers intermitting 502 Fistula Lachrimalis 64 Flux bloody 245 Flux of the Hemorrhoids immoderate 254 Forms of Medicines 527 G. GIddiness 4 Gout 451 Green-sickness 314 Gums ulcerated 119 Gums bleeding 120 Gutta serena 32 H. HEad-ach 30 Heart trembling of it 183 Hicops 197 Hypochondriack Diseases 358 Hysteric Diseases ibib I. JAundice 255 Jaws ulcerated 121 Inflamation of the Tongue 103 Inflamation of the Stomach 215 Inflation of the Womb 388 Iliac passion 236 Incontinence of Vrine 303 Itch 522 L. LAbour hard 410 Lethargy 14 Loosness 242 Lyentery 240 M. MAdness 3 Matter collected under the Cornea 58 Measles 478 Miscarriage 401 Mouth ulcerated 121 N. NArrowness of the Pupil 46 Nauseousness 193 Nephritic pain 284 Night-mare 12 Nostrills Ill scent in them 97 Nurse choice of one 429 O. OPthalmia 49 Over-purging 504 Ozaena 90 P. PAlpitation of the Heart 183 Palsie 19 Palsie of the Tongue 109 Peripneumonia 136 Bastard Peripneumonia 146 Phrensie 1 Piles 254 Piles painful ibid Pimples in the Face 522 Plague 464 Pleurisie 130 Polypus 92 Small Pox 467 French Pox 505 Q. QUinsie 126 R. RAnula under the Tongue 105 Reins inflamed 288 Rheumatism 461 Rickets 440 Rhyas 67 Rupture of the Cornea 63 S. SArcoma 92 Schirrhus of the Womb 381 Scurvy 268 Secundine retain'd 416 Smelling lost 95 Sneezing 99 Spitting of Blood 100 Spots in the Eyes 46 Spots in the Face 522 Stomach-pain 207 Stone in the Kidnies 284 Stone in the Bladder 286 Stranguary 307 Suffusion 39 Swooning 179 T. TAsting diminish'd 107 Teeth black 117 Tenesmus 249 Timpany 262 Trembling 28 Tumors of the Tongue 103 U. ULcers of the Tunicks of the Eye 60 Ulcers of the Nostrils 90 Ulcers of
of the Oak factitious Cinnabar and of Elk's Hoof each half an Ounce Dose half a Scruple or one Scruple Some find benefit by Shaving the Head and by applying to the forepart of it a Plaister Take of the Roots and Seeds of Peony of Castor of Misleto of the Oak and of Man's Skull finely powder'd each one Dram of the Plaister of Bettony two Ounces of Carrana Tacamahaca each two Drams of Balsam Copaiba a sufficient quantity make a Plaister spread on Leather and apply it to the Sutures of the Head Anoint the Temples and Nostrils often with Oyl of Ambar either by it self or mixed with Oyl of Copaiba Sneesing Powders and Apophlegmatisms must be used every Morning Take of white Hellebore one ounce of Castor and Euphorbium each half a dram of sweet Marjoram and the Leaves of Rue each two drams make a Powder which you may dissolve with Mustard in a decoction of Sage or hyssop and with it wash and gargle the Mouth Glysters may be used daily upon occasion 'T is said that six or eight Ounces of the decoction of Gujacum taken twice a day and the second decoction of it used for ordinary drink as is used in the French Pox will Cure this Disease CHAP. V. Of Childrens Convulsions CHildrens Convulsions in Latin Epilepsia puerorum are so frequent that it is almost the only Species of Convulsions They are chiefly subject to them in the first Month and at the time they breed Teeth but they also happen at other times and proceed from other causes in such are disposed to them Sometimes they do not come presently after the Birth but lye hid until the breeding of Teeth or not till a great while after and take their rise from other evident Causes either Internal or External as from an Unhealthy or Big-bellied Nurse from Milk coagulated or corrupted in the Stomach from a Feaverish Disposition from Ulcers or Scabs of the Head or of other Parts suddenly disappearing from changes of the Air or from the Conjunction or opposite Aspects of the Sun and Moon We must endeavour to prevent these Convulsions in Children and Infants or to Cure them when they are come for if the former Children of the same Parents have been subject to Convulsive Fits this Disease ought to be prevented by the early use of Remedies in such as are born after To this end it is customary to give to new-born Babes as soon as they begin to breath some Medicine proper for Convulsions Some upon this occasion give some drops of pure Hony others a Spoonful of Canary-wine sweetned with Sugar or Oyl of Almonds fresh drawn others give a drop of Oyl of Ambar or half a Spoonful of Epileptick water Besides these things used at first which certainly do good some other Remedies ought to be administred for instance give a Spoonful twice a day of the following Liquor Take of the Waters of Black Cherries and Rue each one Ounce and a half of Langius's Antiepilectick Water one Ounce of Syrup of Coral six Drams of prepared Pearl fifteen Grains mingle them in a Viol. The third or fourth day after the Birth make an Issue in the Neck and if the Countenance be florid evacuate by bleeding an Ounce and an half or two Ounces of Blood from the Jugular Veins but take care that too much Blood do not flow out in sleep rub gently the Temples with the following Linement Take of Oyl of Nutmegs by expression two Drams of Balsam of Copaiba three Drams of Ambar one Scruple mix them Hang round the Neck the Roots and Seeds of Male-peony and a little Elks hoof sewed up in a Rag Moreover Medicines proper for Convulsions must be given daily to the Nurse Let her take Morning and Evening a Draught of Whey wherein the Roots of Male-peony or the Seeds of Sweet Fennel have been boiled Take of the Conserves of the flowers of Bettony Male-peony and Rosemary flowers each two Ounces of the Powders of the Roots and Flowers of Male-peony each two Drams of red Coral prepared and white Ambar each one Dram of the Roots of Angelica and Zodoary prepared each half a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Peony make an Electuary Let her take the quantity of a Nutmeg Morning and Evening and be very orderly in her Diet. But if any Infant be actually seized with Convulsions because the Issue does not run well you must apply a Blister to the Neck or behind the Ears and if the Infant be not of a cold Constitution Blood must be drawn from the Jugular Veins by Leeches and Linements must be used to the Temples Nostrils and Neck and to the Soles of the Feet and Glisters which empty the Belly plentifully must be injected Moreover often in a day namely every sixth or eighth hour Specifick Remedies must be given Take of Oyl of Copaiba and of Castor each two Drams of Ambar half a Dram make a Linement Apply to the Soles of the Feet the Plaister with Euphorbium spread on Leather Take of prepared Pearls of the Powder de Gutteta each one Dram mingle them for twelve Papers whereof let him take one Morning and Evening in a Spoonful of the following Julap drinking after it one or two Spoonfuls Take of the Waters of Black Cherries and of Lilly of the Vallies each two Ounces of Fennel-water and Compound Peony water each two Drams of Syrup of red Poppies six Drams Take of the Powder of the Seeds of Rue of Castor of Assafaetida each a sufficient quantity mingle them and tye it up in a Rag sprinkle it with Vinegar and put it often to the Nostrils Vntzerus commends much the Gall of a Sucking Kitlin all the Juice being taken out of the Bladder and mixed with a little water of Lime-flowers and given to the Child An excellent Physician lately told me that he had known several Children cured with this Remedy When by reason of breeding Teeth difficultly Convulsions happen this Symptom is Secondary and less Dangerous and therefore does not require the first and chief work of Healing for sometimes we are more Solicitous to ease the Pain and take off the Feaverish Disposition And therefore a thin and cooling Diet is ordered for the Eruption of the Teeth either by rubbing or cutting the Gums and things that are anodine are applied to the swelled and pained Parts and here Glisters and Bleeding are often used and we ought to procure Sleep and to qualifie the Fury of the Blood in the mean while Temperate Medicines for Convulsions and such as do the least stir the Humours are to be used and Blisters because they evacuate the Serum too apt to be poured upon the Head do often give relief When Children are seized with Convulsions not presently after the Birth or upon breeding Teeth but from other Occasions and Accidents the cause for the most part of such is either in the Head or in the Bowels when the former is suspected as is wont to be
Authors from whence you may gather that there is most commonly an abolition of the internal and external Senses and a stiffness of the Limbs But sometimes the Senses are not wholly abolished for sometimes they can hear and their Limbs may be moved by the By-standers The Cure is twofold one in the Fit the other out of the Fit In the Fit those things are proper which are prescribed for Sleepy Diseases Out of the Fit such things as are used for Cure of Melancholy are proper for from thence it most commonly proceeds But if it come from a Cold intemperies such things are proper as serve to mend such a Constitution if it proceed from abundance of Blood Bleeding is to be used CHAP. IX Of a Palsie A Palsie in Latin Paralysis is a privation of Sense and Motion by reason the influx of the Animal Spirits is hindred There are various differences of it for either it seizes all the parts of the Head then it is called Paraplegia or only half the Body then it is called Hemeplegia or it seises only one part then it is called a particular Palsie It is also called perfect and imperfect It is said to be perfect when Sense and Motion are wholly abolished imperfect when the Functions are weakned And then it is also called Numbness which is a fore-runner of a Palsie There is also another Species of an imperfect Palsie when Motion is hurt and the Sense remains perfect and so on the contrary The causes of a Palsie in general are all those things which hinder the influx of the Animal Spirits into the Nerves and Muscles the most frequent of all is a Flegmatick Humour which by obstructing compressing thickning or cooling the Nerves hinders the said influx of the Animal Spirits The Pituitous humour flows from the Brain into the Nerves and spinal Marrow so a small Apoplexy degenerates into a Palsie because the humour occasioning it is cast from the Brain upon the Marrow or beginning of the Nerves and so it either insinuates it self into the substance of them and shuts the insensible passages through which the Spirits pass or passing by the Vertebra's of the Back and spinal Marrow and following the Course of the Nerves compresses them and so hinders the passages of the Animal Spirits and the same Humour may thicken the substance of the Nerves by its Coldness so that it cannot make way for the Animal Spirits There are other Causes of a Palsie but they are not so common as taking Cold a Blow or Fall the frequent handling of Quicksilver tumors near the Spine or Nerves cutting of the Nerves dislocation of the Vertebra or other Joints The kind of the Disease is easily known for want of Motion and Sense may be soon perceived but the knowledge of the part affected is more difficult But it may be known by those that are skilled in Anatomy who know the Originations and Insertions of the Nerves For if the right part of the Face becomes Paralytick or the left the other parts being sound they know the Brain is only affected according to that part from whence the Nerves are carried to those parts But if the parts under the Head are also afflicted with the Face the Brain and the Spine of the Back are also affected and if the parts below the Head are seised and the Face well the fault is only in the Spine and in the beginning of it if all the Parts are affected But if only half the Body is Paralytick only half the Spine is affected When the Legs are Paralytick the seat of the Disease is about the end of the Spinal Marrow near the Vertebra's of the Os Sacrum and so in the rest the place is to be sought for from whence the Nerves arise And sometimes enquiry after the external Cause much helps to find out the Part affected of which there are two Instances in Galen one of a certain Man who in a Cold and Rainy Season wore a long while a wet Neckcloath about his Neck his Hands became Paralytick The other is of one who lost the Sense of three of his Fingers and when Galen understood that he fell out of a Cart upon his Back he conjectured that some Part was hurt by the Fall under the seventh Vertebra where the Nerve begins and therefore he applied the Medicine which was used before to the Fingers to no purpose to that part The knowledge of the Causes is to be fetched from the Procatarctick Causes the foregoing Diseases and the Constitution of the Sick and so the external cooling and moistening Causes going before Old Age a Flegmatick Constitution Winter cold and moist Diet An Apoplexy going before signifie that the Disease proceeds from a cold intemperies and a Flegmatick humour Feavers foregoing and sometimes a present Feaver Cholerick or Melancholy Constitution Summer-time or Autumn the use of Spices of Salt or hot Meats violent and long Passions of the Mind the excretion of Cholerick and Melancholy humours or of Acid or Acrid Serum hot defluxions upon various parts and Pains arising from thence And lastly when Pain and Convulsions accompany the diminution of Sense and Motion and when such as are so afflicted are injured by hot and drying Medicines and relieved by cooling and moistening Remedies the Palsie proceeds from Cholerick or Melancholy humours Tumors and luxations and Wounds causing a Palsie are easily known The Prognostick Signs A Palsie coming from a pituitous humour stuffing the substance of the Nerves is difficult to Cure A Palsie following an Apoplexy is seldom Cured and most commonly turns to an Apoplexy again A trembling coming upon a Palsie is good If the paralytick Part be hot there is hope of Recovery but if it be always cold it is hardly Cured A wasting of the Part and great Paleness renders it incurable If the Eye of the Paralytick side be lessened there is little hopes of a Cure A Palsie of the Legs or Feet is easier Cured than of the upper Parts A Palsie in old People is incurable A Palsie cannot be Cured in the Winter A violent Feaver coming upon a Palsie is good so is a Loosness coming upon a small and new Palsie The Cure of a Palsie is to be varied according to the variety of the Causes but because it chiefly comes from Flegm and a cold intemperies we must chiefly endeavour to remove this Cause and you must begin with an universal evacuation of the whole Body As to Bleeding that can scarce do any good for the Blood is not in the fault but Flegm and for the most part this Disease seises Old People such as are Flegmatick and naturally Cold But if an abundance of crude Blood should seem to produce the Flegmatick Humour and to nourish it a Vein may be opened in the Arm of the well-side But Blood must be drawn sparingly lest the languid Heat should be extinguished Therefore Bleeding being omitted or used as is said sparingly the Cure must be begun by removing the antecedent
of Convulsions the first is called Emprosthotonos wherein the Body with the Head and Neck are violently contracted forward so that the Chin touches the Breast and the Body represents the Keel of a Ship and sometimes is bent like a Bow and the Head touches the Knees In this sort two Muscles that bend the Head forward are chiefly affected The second is called Opisthotonos and in it the Body is bent backward The twelve Muscles that extend the Head or some of them being Convulsed The third is called Tetanos wherein the Muscles before and behind are equally contracted and the Parts kept as it were in Aequilibrio This is the strongest of all it arising from a Contraction of all the Muscles A particular Convulsion is caused by the Contraction of some one part the Nerve that serves for its Motion being ill affected which has sometimes a peculiar Name from the effect or symptom as a Convulsion of the Muscles moving the Eyes is called Strabismus that of the Jaws and Muscles of the Temples 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A Convulsion of the Mouth from a Contraction of the broad Muscle arising only from one part is called the Dog Convulsion But if there be a Contraction in both sides it is call'd Risus Sardonicus but sometimes the Mouth is distorted by the Palsie by Relaxation of the other Muscle A Convulsion of the Yard is call'd Satyriasis or Priapismus Other Convulsions have no proper Names The immediate Causes of a true Convulsion according to Hippocrates and Galen are repletion and inanition the mediate Causes which occasion a repletion and inanition are various a Flegmatick humour flowing into the Nerves is supposed to distend them as to their Breadth and so they must be necessarily contracted as to their length Another cause of Convulsion from repletion is an inflamation of the Nervous Parts The Causes of Convulsions by Emptiness are all immoderate Evacuations by Bleeding Vomiting Sweat and a Consumption of innate Moisture which is occasioned by Burning and Coliquative Feavers by immoderate Labour by Watchings and Cares and immoderate Venery A Convulsive Motion proceeds from Matter that Vellicates and Pricks the Nervous Parts which most commonly is malignant for such a humour commonly happens in malignant Feavers It is also occasioned by Worms Poison and by Hysterick Fits A Convulsion which seises many Parts especially near the Head is dangerous and that which seises the Muscles of the Breast is also dangerous for the Sick may be suffocated by it A Convulsion arising from great Fluxes of Blood or over-purging is dangerous if not deadly so is a Convulsion arising from a Phrensie and upon a Feaver Hypocrates says that those who are seised with a Tetanos die within four days but that if they live longer they recover CVRE The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the variety of the Causes That which happens from Emptiness is incurable After Bleeding or it being omitted if it be not convenient strong Purges must be used but respect must be had to the strength of the Patient After Bleeding apply Cupping-glasses with Scarification if Blood has not been drawn before otherwise without Scarification They must be first applied to the remoter parts afterwards to the parts near the affected part But if the Legs are Convulsed they must be applied to the Buttocks and Loins if the Arms to the Neck and Shoulders Blysters are also applied with good success to the parts opposite to the part affected In the mean time after the first Purge the Matter is to be prepared with Medicines proper for the Head Note that Castor ought to be added to Purges in this case Sharp Glysters are frequently to be injected such as were mentioned in the Chapter of an Apoplexy The part affected must be anointed with the following or some other proper Linement Take of the Oyntment of Marsh-mallows six Ounces Oyl of Turpentine and Camomile each one Ounce Oyl of Lavender three Drams of Oyl of Foxes half an Ounce Liquid Storax two Ounces wherewith anoint the affected part and the Spine of the Back frequently with a hot Hand After anointing the parts wrap them in a warm Sheep-Skin just taken from the Sheep Sheeps Lungs Pidgeons or Hens cut in the middle and applied hot are also good It is also good to put the affected part into the Belly of an Ox or Sheep newly kill'd and keep it there as long as it is warm but the use of Sulphurous Baths is most successful When a violent Pain accompanies the Convulsion use the following Linement Take of the Oyls of Violets Lillies Camomile each one Ounce and an half of Oyl of sweet Almonds Mastich and Roses each one Ounce mingle them and anoint the part affected Sneesing Powders and Apophlegmatisms are also proper in this Case CHAP. XI Of Trembling TRembling in Latin Tremor is a depraved Motion of the Members whereby they are involuntarily moved The chief Cause of it is weakness of the Nerves occasioned by Old Age by long Sickness by immoderate Venery by Fear and other passions of the Mind or by such things as are wholly offensive to the Nerves as the Fume of Quicksilver Hard Drinking will also occasion it and a partial Obstruction of the Nerves by gross humours CVRE It is Cured by the same Medicines that are used in the Palsie CHAP. XII Of a Catarrh A Catarrh in Latin Catarrhus according to the Ancients is a preternatural fluxion of Humours from the Head upon the Lower Parts But the ingenious Dr. Lower is of the Opinion that it is put off by the Blood upon the Glands that are seated in the Throat and Jaws and he says there are no passages to convey it from the Head CVRE Whatever precipitates the Serum through the Reins or carries it off by Stool or by Sweat is good in this case or whatever else lessens the Serum Wherefore nothing is better for Curing a Catarrh if a Feaver does not accompany it then abstaining a long while from Drink for several have been Cured by not drinking in three or four days time for by this means the source of the Disease is dried up just as Râ—vulets become dry for want of Rain But if you have reason to imagin from the Pulse the Urine or restlesness of the Body that there is some Feaver Having first purged the Body you must presently Bleed and the Sick must be kept to a thin Diet and other things are to be done which the Cure of the Feaver requires but respect must be had to the Flux of the Serum But if by reason of abundance of Serum the Catarrh continue obstinate in this case nothing is better then after Purging to use Diureticks if the Catarrh yet continue you must make Issues in the Neck Arms or Legs or apply Blisters there But because these things require time to do the business if need require or if there be danger of Suffocation you must Bleed again and presently Sweat the Patient once or twice a
carried off by derivation to this end frictions of the extream Parts especially the lower Parts are to be used Cupping-glasses are to be applied to the Back and Shoulders without Scarification especially to the hinder part of the Head with Scarification whereby the Humours are so powerfully drawn from the foreâ—parts and beginning of the Nerves that some upon the application of it have immediately recovered their Sight At the same time a Blister must be applied to the Neck An Issue made in the Neck with a Skean of Silk is very beneficial in this case A Potential Cautery applied to the Coronal Suture has been successful sometimes when nothing else would do good After universal Purging a sudorifick Diet is to be ordered of Sarsa and the like and after the use of the sudorifick Decoction the use of a sulphureous Bath is very proper to Bath in and to wash the Head with Apophlegmatisms are also of use During the whole Course the Sick is to be purged often And care is to be taken to strengthen the Head and Eyes to which end a Dram of Old Venice Treacle must be given at Bed-time twice or thrice a Week dissolved in Fennel or Eye-bright Water Nutmeg also chewed iâ— a Morning Fasting is much commended so are Candieâ— Myrobalans eaten in a Morning In a desperate case after all Remedies have been used to no purpose a large Blister applied to the shaved Head has sometimes done much good and repeated twice oâ— thrice when the Excoriation begins to be dry CHAP. XV. Of Diseases of the glassy Humour THE glassy Humour is placed under the Cristaline and is therefore made by Nature clear that the Species may be conveyed pure and clear to the Optick Nerves if therefore the perspicuity of it be sullied by the mixture of any Humour and it become dark the Sight is more or less diminished proportionably to the degree of darkness of it Moreover this Humour may be injured by being misplaced namely if part of it by a Blow or Contusion is thrust before the Cristalin Humour for then the Sight is darkned for the glassy humour is thicker than the watry and so the Species of Objects cannot be brought pure and sincere to the Cristaline Humour The former of these Diseases can be known by no Signs but be imagined only by reason For this Humour cannot be seen nor the disposition of it known therefore Practitioners when they perceive no fault in the Eye confound this with the Gutta Serena and that without any damage to the Patient for extraneous Humours poured upon the glassy Humour must be discussed by the same Remedies wherewith a Gutta Serena is wont to be Cured But the vitiated situation of the glassy Humour may be known by appearing like the White of an Egg under the Pupil but it cannot be distinguished from a suffusion unless the antecedent and procatarctick causes are well considered for a suffusion proceeds from a simple influx of the Humours But this from the glassy Humour misplaced by a Blow or Wound This Disease is incurable by Art But sometimes it happens to be Cured by Nature and therefore the whole business is to be left to her CHAP. XVI Of the Diseases of the Cristaline Humour THE Christaline Humour is the chief Instrument of Sight and therefore more than the other Humours of the Eye ought to retain its Purity and Perspicuity that it may render the Sight perfect and if it recede from that Purity the Sight is much obstructed The chief Disease of the Cristaline Humour is the change of it to a grey Colour and this Disease happens in old Age from a drying and thickning Cause It is known by a deep and great whiteness that appears about the Pupil and all things are seen through a Smoak and Cloud but it is difficultly distinguished from a Suffusion which represents such a Whiteness in the Pupil upon which account many Authors confound it with a Suffusion But those that look carefully may distinguish these two Diseases for in a Suffusion the whiteness is in the Pupil but in this it appears deep This Disease is incurable especially in old People in whom the driness of the Parts cannot be mended Besides the Cristaline Humour may be vitiated in Situation namely when its broad part which is like a Lentil is not exactly opposed to the hole of the Pupil but is moved upward to downward and then things appear double But this fault of Sight is also occasioned by Vapours or by thin Flegm that sullies the Christaline Humour This often happens to People that are drunk The second ill Situation of the Christaline Humour is when it inclines forward or backward if forward towards the Pupil then things that are near are not plainly seen but things that are at distance are this happens most commonly to old People If it be placed backward towards the Optick Nerve things that are near are plainly seen but things at distance not at all This is called Purblindness which is to be remedied only by Spectacles The third ill Situation of the Cristaline Humour is when it proceeds too much to the right or left and this is called Squinting But this is not only occasioned by the vitious Situation of the Cristaline Humour but also from the ill Disposition of the Muscles that move the Eyes which is either natural or occasioned by a Convulsion or Palsie which is to be cured by Paralytick Remedies Lastly From a greater or lesser Inversion of the Cristaline Humour other Vices of Sight may proceed as when things that are streight appear crooked or upside down which happened to a Physician as Sennertus relates who looking earnestly upwards removed the Cristaline Humour CHAP. XVII Of the Diseases of the Watery Humour and especially of a Suffusion THE watery Humour is alter'd from its natural Constitution when it is peccant in Quantity or Quality when it is encreased or diminished beyond measure it causes a Dilatation or Contraction of the Pupil which are to be treated of in their Place But when it is vitious in quality it becomes thick it is caused by some other Humour flowing into it this is called a Suffusion which is to be treated of here This Disease when it begins and when the Sight is a little darkned is called A Suffusion But when something is collected in the Pupil like Water it is called Water Lastly when the Matter is wholly concreted in the Pupil and wholly obscures the Sight it is called a Cataract There is also a Suffusion which is Spurious which proceeds from Vapours translated from the Stomach and other Parts A Flegmatick Humour is the chief and most ordinary Cause of a Suffusion yet some other Humours may be mixed with it at least in a small Proportion if Choler be mixed with it it appears yellow when Melancholy black These Humours are wont to flow to the Eyes whâ— they are weak either naturally or occasionally To the natural Weakness belongs a prominence of the
of an Ophthalmia If there be also an Inflammation and Pain Medicines respecting both must be added to the former Moderate cleansing and drying Medicines are Sugar Honey Saffron Myrrh Frankincense Aloes Sarcocol Tutty and Ceruss whereof the following Forms may be composed Take of the Decoction of Barly and Foenugreek four ounces of the best Hony half an ounce or of Syrup of dried Roses one ounce make a Collyrium wherewith wash the Eye often or Take of Vervain and Plantane Waters each two ounces of Sugar-Candy half an ounce mingle them for a Collyrium or Take of Hony Water distilled in a Bath and of Rose-water each equal Parts or Take an Egg boiled hard and clear'd from the Shell divide it into two parts take out the Yolk and fill the hole with Sugar-Candy powder'd bind it up and set it in a Cellar and a Liquor will drop from it which is very fit to cleanse Vlcers if you would have it operate more powerfully you must mix powder'd Myrrh with the Sugar-Candy In the Progress of the Disease if it is necessary to cleanse and dry more powerfully add to the forementioned Collyria white Troches of Rhasis Frankincense Aloes Myrrh Sarcocol and such like in a small Dose You may also add Milk the White of an Egg Mucilages and other Anodyns but Tutty is better than the rest because it dries without causing Pain The following Collyrium is very drying and cleansing Take of Sarcocol moistned in Rose-water of Ceruss Aloes wash'd Myrrh Tutty prepared each half a dram of Sugar-Candy one dram with the Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth extracted in Rose-water make a Collyrium wherewith anoint the Eye-lids CHAP. XXV Of the Cancer of the Cornea AS Cancers are wont to happen in all Parts of the Body so also they sometimes grow in the Eyes A Cancer of the Eye is either occult or ulcerated An occult is called a Cancerous Tumor when it is ulcerated it is called a cancerous Ulcer in both there is an unequal hardness and a leaden and livid Colour great and pricking Pain especially about the Temples the Veins appear swoln like a Varix in the Tumour and in the Neighbouring Parts sharp Blood frequently flows our when the Cancer is ulcerated and the Pain is very much exasperated by Medicines that are never so little heating This Disease is incurable both in the Eye and in other Parts of the Body when it is rooted unless it be irradicated by a Chirurgical Operation Two sorts of Cures are proposed by Authors viz. a true one and a palliative The true one can be performed only by Chirurgery the palliative Cure which mitigates the Symptoms is perform'd by Evacuations and convenient Topicks But first of all a cooling and moistning Course of Diet must be ordered afterwards Blood must be drawn from the Part opposite to the Eye affected and Leeches must be applied behind the Ears of the same side and to the Hemorrhoidal Veins if they are any whit swelled Cupping-glasses must be also applied to the Shoulders and other sorts of Revulsions must be used Purging and the preparaâ—ion of the Humours by Potions Apozems medicated Brothes and the like must be frequently prescribed But above all Black Hellebore rightly prepared or the extract of it for an incipient Cancer has been cured by using of it twice or thrice These Remedies hinder the influx of the Humours into the Eyes and much lessen the Pain and other Symptoms But Topical Remedies such as are described in the Chapter of an Ophthalmia to ease pain do also much good especially Collyria made of Mucilages of the white Troches of Rhasis of Tutty prepared and with the Water of Roses Night-shade and Plantane The following Water is excellent for washing the Eye Take of the Roots of the greater Figwort and of Herb-Robert each two handfuls of Ribwort Night-shade Borrage Bugloss Purslain Eye-bright Betony each one handful of green Frogs and of the white of Eggs each number seven of the Seeds of Foenugreek and Quinces each one ounce the Roots and Seeds must be beat and the Leaves cut then pour upon them of Rose-water and Eye-bright water each one pint mingle them and distil them in a leaden Still The Flesh of Pullets eases the Pain much and some say this Disease has been cured by this Remedy only A Lady that had an ulcerous Cancer upon all the right side of her Face a long while and had used various Medicines that were prescribed by Italian French German and Spanish Physicians was cured by a Barber by this common Remedy He cut Chickens into thin and broad Pieces and applied them often in a day to the Part affected Lastly The true Cure of a confirm'd Cancer can only be perform'd by the Extraction of the Eye which Fabricious Hildanus says may be safely and successfully done and he describes at large the manner of Extirpation and all the Circumstances of it in his Observations CHAP. XXVI Of the Rupture of the Cornea THERE is such a Solution of the Continuum in the horny Tunick sometimes that the watery Humour comes out of the Tunica Vvea this is call'd a Rupture of the Cornea The cause of this is either a Rupture or a Wound and it is most commonly incurable but if the Wound be small and if but part of the watery Humour flows out the Cure may be undertaken For Galen says that the watery Humour is sometimes regenerated The Cure of this Disease must be entred upon by conglutinating Remedies Universal Evacuations namely Bleeding and Purging if they are necessary being first used drop into the Eye the White of an Egg mingled with the white Troches of Rhasis and foment the Part with the Decoction of Red Roses of the Leaves of Knot-grass Brambles Shepherds Purse and Plantane made in astringent Wine if there be not an Inflammation if there be it must be made in Simple Water Or Take of Quinces paired the Seeds and Cores being taken out half a pound of red Roses three pugils of Acacia two drams of Saffron one scruple boil them in astringent Wine and make a Pulâ—ise to be applied to the Part and to strengthen the whole the following Collyrium must be used Take of Aloes wash'd of prepared Tutty and of Sarcocol moistned with Womans Milk each half a scruple Saffron grains eight with Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth make a Collyrium CHAP. XXVII Of the Falling out of the Uvea THE Falling out of the Vvea often succeeds the Rupture of the Cornea the Cure of it is very difficult But if it be very small it may be oured by moderate Astringents such as are proposed in the foregoing Chapter CHAP. XXVIII Of a Fistula Lachrimalis HItherto the Diseases of the Eyes which happen in the Tunicks or Humours of them have been treated of It remains now that we speak of the Diseases of the Eye-lids and of the Corners of the Eyes And first the Tumour appearing betwixt the greater Angle of the Eye and the Root of the Nose offers
fitted for the purpose But if this does not succeed you must endeavour to break them and afterwards wash them out and to this purpose a Probe with Cotton on the end of it and dipp'd in Turpentine or the like is put into the Ear to clear the Passage and if any of the clammy Matter remains behind it may be cleared by an Ear-Picker Some cut a Quill and put one end into the Ear and endeavour to suck out what is in it Animals are allur'd out of the Ear by putting such things to it as are pleasing to them as a Spunge dipp'd in Milk and Sugar or the Pulp of a sweet Apple or Lard wherewith little Worms are much pleased and soon come out of the Ear if it be turned to the Sun If a Leecâ— happen to get into the Ears it may be enticed out by putting Blood to the Ear Gnats may be drawn out by putting Dogs Hairs into the Ears but if you cann't get them out alive 't is best to kill them because then they will not disturb the Ear so much and may be easier drawn out they may be kill'd by dropping Spittle or Urine into the Ear. But bitter things kill them soonest as the Juice of Wormwood a Decoction of Aloes or any Gauls sharp things do also the same as Vinegar the Juice of Onions and the like But because a cold Intemperies is the most frequent cause of Deafness rhe Cure must be chiefly directed to the amendment of it wherefore an attenuating drying and moderately heating course of Diet being ordered as is prescribed for the Gutta Serena and Southerly Winds being avoided as much as possible and the Ears defended from them Vaporous Aliments must be avoided especially Garlick and Onions which are very injurious to the Hearing and also those that generate gross and flegmatick Humours these things I say being first observed general Evacuation must be entered upon by Head Purges Bleeding must be also used if there be an indication for it and if the Disease be obstinate a Sudorifick Diet afterwards particular Remedies that cause a Revulsion of the Humours as Blisters Issues Sneesing Powders Masticatories Apophlegmatisms but especially Masticatories But Sulphureous and Bitumenous Baths are peculiarly proper for the Cure of this Disease the Body being bathed and the Head washed with them afterwards topical Remedies are to be applied to discuss the Matter in the Ear. Take of the Leaves of wild Marjoram Wormwood Penny-royal wild Thym Sage Mint the lesser Centaury Mallows Marsh-mallows each one handful of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot Stechas and Rosemary each one pugil of Cinnamon and Cloves each half an ounce boil them in equal parts of Fountain-water and White Wine added towards the end Strain it and foment the Ear with it hot with a Spunge Morning and Evening and the Vapour of the Decoction may be received into the Ear through a Tunel It certainly does much good by passing into the innermost Parts of the Ear. Instead of the Fomentation Bread made up with Carraway-seeds cut and applied hot from the Oven may be used or common Bread just taken out of the Oven the under Crust being cut off dipp'd in Spirit of Wine and applied as hot to the Ear as can be born is also of good use But the Bread will be more effectual if with the common Flower the Seeds of Carraways Juniperberries Bayberries and Nutmegs are mixed with it If you 'll have a stronger Decoction you may add of the Pulp of Coloquintida or of the Roots of white Hellebore each one dram After fomentation some Liquor must be instilled into the Ear and afterwards you may stop it with Cotton perfum'd with Musk. Take of Oil of bitter Almonds and of Rue each one ounce mingle them and pour it hot into the Ear. Or Take of Oil of Castor and white Lillies each one ounce of Oil of Dill half an ounce of white Hellebore half a dram of Aqua Vitae one ounce boil them in a Bath till all the Aqua Vitae is evaporated Strain it for the use above-mentioned Chymical Oils are are very effectual as of Marjoram Rosemary Sage Fennel Spike Cloves but because they are very strong they must not be used alone but they are to be mixed in a small quantity with the foregoing Oils half a dram of them may be sufficient to be mixed with two ounces of the foresaid Oils The Water that drops out of an Ash-stick when it is burning is much commended for Deafness when it proceeds from a hot Cause The Fat of an Eel is much in use it is gathered from the Water wherein a Fat Eel is boil'd being Scum'd off with a Bay-leas and dropp'd hot into the Ear. In applying topical Remedies this must be always observed viz. that they are applied warm or hot and what hath been used before must be taken out of the Ear before other things are dropp'd in and when any thing has been dropp'd in the Ear must be stopp'd with Cotton perfum'd with Musk which of it self is very good for Deafness CHAP. XXXIII Of Noise in the Ears THE Sense of Hearing is obstructed by a Noise in the Ears for as the Eye ought to be void of Colour that it may rightly perceive all the Colours of Objects For if it be preternaturally affected with any Colour as in the Jaundice the Sight must be necessarily depraved so the Ear should have no sound in it that it be able to receive all Sounds that come from abroad for if any Sound is preternaturally in the Ear it hinders Hearing This Noise in the Ear proceeds from a preternatural Commotion of the inbred Air for though this inbred Air moves naturally yet no noise is heard from its Motion unless we stop the Ear with the hand or with some such thing The Causes of this extraordinary Motion are Vapours Wind or Spirits transmitted to the Ear from other Parts or bred in it if it be brought from other Parts it proceeds either from the whole Body or some peculiar Part. It flows from the whole Body in Fevers and this Sound in the Ear comes from a windy Spirit conveyed through the Arteries from the whole Body to the Ears But it most frequently happens at the beginning of Fits and just before a Crisis by a Bleeding at the Nose Wind is also elevated to the Ears from some peculiar Part viz. from the Stomach Liver Spleen Mesentery Womb and from some other Parts upon which account inviolent Vomiting Hypochondriack Melancholy and Mother-Fits there is frequently a Noise in the Ears It is also occasioned by windy Spirits flowing from the Head that arise from Cold and Flegmatick Humours Wind is also generated in the Ear by Flegmatick Matter contain'd there Upon which account difficulty of Hearing is commonly accompanied with a Noise in the Ear for the Obstruction is occasioned by Humours Other Causes occasioning this Noise in the Ears are Ulcers a hot Intemperies Weakness exquisite Sense a violent shaking in the Head and
Zacutus Scarrified the Tongue deep in a Boy of Ten Years of Age when the Tongue was soft and by that means a great quantity of Salt-water flowed out and the Patient was presently cured Lastly When the Tongue is much increased Claudinus proposes the Cutting off the Superfluous Flesh necessary Preparations being first used CHAP. XLIV Of the Ranula under the Tongue THough in the foregoing Chapter we treated of the Tumours of the Tongue yet one remains which we thought best to treat of in a Chapter by it self because it is of a different Nature from the others and requires a different way of Cure A Ranula is a Tumour under the Tongue in that part wherein it is joyned to its bridle and so great is this Tumour most commonly that it rises higher than the lower Teeth a cleft is in the middle of it whereby it is divided into right and left and by this means it resembles the hinder part of a Frog from whence it takes its name It is of the Nature of a Meliceris and the Matter which flows from it is like Honey and contained in a Bag and in this Bag a Stone is sometimes found It is most commonly without danger but it is dangerous when it looks black and brown and is hard for then it is of a Cancerous Nature and ought not to be medled with As to the Cure of this Disease First the antecedent Cause must be taken away and if it be Inveterate then you must use Cauteries and Sudorifick Decoctions Afterwards you must endeavour to dissolve it by Topical Remedies Take of Pomegranate-peel of dried Hyssop and of common Salt each two drams make a Powder to be held under the Tongue and to be repeated often Forestus says That a Girl of Twelve Years of Age was cured by this Remedy within two days But in grown People it is best to use Sal Armoniack which dissolves and penetrates more powerfully But if the Tumour cannot be cured by Medicines that discuss it must be opened which most commonly must be done for it is seldom dissolved but a large Apertioâ— must be made that all the Matter may come out together afterwards the Ulcer must be washed first with gentle things as with a Decoction of Mallows afterwards with cleansing things as with Whitewine mixed with Honey of Roses Lastly With Oxymel When the Ulcer appears clear and free from the Bag it must be cicatrized by washing the Mouth often with Allum dissolved in Claret If the Ulcer be Inveterate and cannot be cured by the foresaid Remedies touch it twice a day with the Oyl of Sulphur tempered with Rose-water viz. Mix one drop of the Oyl with five or six drops of the Water for so the Intemperies will be corrected and the part dried which may be also strengthned by washing the Mouth often with a Dissolution of Allum in Claret But if it will not be cured by these means the actual Cautery must be used You may see the manner of using of it in Paraeus Book VII Chap. 5. CHAP. XLV Of Tasting diminished abolished or depraved TAsting as the other Senses and all the Actions of the Body is injured three ways it is diminished abolished and depraved It is diminished when it scarce perceives Tasts that are not strong and but little such as are It is abolished when it cannot taste any thing And lastly It is depraved when it supposes the Object tasts differently from what it really does The Causes of Diminution and Abolition of Tasting are the same they only differ in degree for if they are small they only diminish the Taste if they are great they abolish it The Causes are either a Defect of the Animal Spirits in the part or an Intemperies of the Nerve that comes from the third Pair to the Tongue or the Tongue it self is some way preternaturally indisposed The Spirits are in fault either by reason of the Paucity of them as in People that are Dying or upon account of Obstructions of the Nerves of the third Pair through which they are conveyed or by reason of a Tumour in that part of the Brain from whence the Nerves rise The Tongue is either covered with a moist and Flegmatick Humour or it is affected with Tumours Pustles or Ulcers and by these its proper Action or the Sense of Tasting may be either diminished or abolished The Taste is depraved when the Tongue is affected with some vitious Humour as in Feavers when it is infected with Choler all things seem bitter and when it is infected with Salt Flegm or a Melancholly Humour all things taste Acid or Salt for the External Objects coming upon the Tongue move the vitious Juice of it and so all things that are tasted seem of the same Taste with the Humour in the Tongue But sometimes the Tongue perceives the Taste of the Juices contained in it although no External Object come near it This is daily seen in Feavers when the Tongue is infected with Choler for if it be very bitter there is continually a bitter Taste in the Mouth The Diversity of the foresaid Causes may be known by the Variety of the Tasts and by the Disposition of the Tongue A sweet Tast and a Redness of the Tongue signifies Blood bitter Taste and a Yellow Colour signifies Choler whiteness with Sweetness Flegm a brown Colour and Sharpness Melancholly an abominable Taste shows ill Humours contained in the Stomach Pustles Tumours and Ulcers may be easily seen But lastly if there be no Alteration seen in the Tongue and yet the tast is either diminished or abolished we must suppose that the Cause lies hid in the Brain or Nerves The Cure is various according to the Variety of the Causes and therefore if the Disease be in the Brain or Nerves such Medicines must be ordered as are used for the Cure of a Palsie But when the Taste is depraved by vitious Humours that Symptom most commonly proceeds from other Diseases especially from Feavers which being cur'd the Symptom ceases If the Taste be injured by Tumours the Cure of it depends on the Cure of them Lastly If the Fault arise from Pustles or Ulcers of the Tongue the Cure of those must be undertaken by bleeding and purging and with the Application of cooling drying and astringent Topicks in the Form of a Gargarism But if the Ulcers are sordid they must be cleansed with Honey of Roses sharpned moderately with Oyl of Vitriol or of Sulphur But when you would dry more powerfully the affected Part must be touched once and again with the Oyls unmixed And so may be cured Aphthae and all Ulcers of the Mouth and Tongue presently CHAP. XLVI Of a Palsie of the Tongue and of the Motion of it Hurt THe chief Action of the Tongue is Speech and that is abolished diminished and depraved by various Causes which have Reference to Simular Organick or common Diseases As to Simular a moist Intemperies joyned with Matter renders the Tongue too soft and loose so
it is fit to add Chalk Coral Dragons-blood and other temperating astringent and emplastick Medicines which in some manner fix and mitigate the Ferment of the Blood For Instance Take of the Waters of Tormentil Oak-buds each three ounces Cinnamon-water hordiated four ounces of Aqua-mirahilis one ounce of Pearls and Coral prepared and of Chalk each two scruples of true Bole and Dragons-blood each half a dram of Japâ—n Earth a scruple of destilled Vinegar or Spirit of Vitriol as much as is sufficient to make it gratefully acid Syrup of Mirtles an ounce and an half Mingle them make a Julep let the Sick take two or three ounces of it every third or fourth hour shaking the Viol every time it is used The Cloaths on the Bed must be also lessened and the Sick must be removed into a thin warm and free Air let him always sleep in a large Room and as soon as his Strength begins to fail the Sweat must be rubbed off with dry Linnen Cloaths a little warmed and the Patient must be removed to the other Part of the Bed As to the violent Vomiting that seises Consumptive Persons at the latter end there is little Help to be afforded by Art only the Physician ought to assist by his prudent Counsels since he cannot by Medicines First therefore The Sick ought to be ordered to eat little though frequently at a time Secondly He must eat those things that afford good Nourishment and are of easie Digestion Thirdly After eating he must avoid as much as he can Coughing Sleeping and lying down Sometimes it happens after the Putrid Feaver begins especially if the Evacuation of the Colliquative Matter by Stool or by other ways is hindered by Art that Nature indeavours tho in vain the Protrusion of the Enemy by the Salivary Ducts or the glandulous Tunick of the Mouth and Oesophagus by which means a troublesome Spitting arises that continues for many Weeks Secondly by reason of the Acrimony of the Humour evacuated by these Parts an Inflammation not only of the Membrane of the Mouth but also of the Oesophagus and Stomach follows Thirdly By the Inflammation an Ulceration is occasioned and from thence little Ulcers called Aphthâ—â— accompanied with a very troublesom Pain of the Throat And Lastly An Hicop that is very troublesom arises from the Inflammation and Exulceration Which Symptoms as they are troublesome so are they sometimes long and always deadly for the Cause from whence they proceed is incurable yet cleansing softning astringent and Mucilaginous Gargarisms must be injected with a Syringe and to ease the Pain of the Throat a double Flannel worn about the Neck does much Good by defending it from the external Cold. CHAP. LX. Of Swooning or Fainting THe next and immediate Cause of this Disease is a Defect of the Vital Spirits and this Defect of the Spirits chiefly happens four ways Either because there is not a sufficient quantity of them generated or because they are dissipated and evacuated when they are generated or they are preternaturally altered and corrupted Or lastly They are suffocated and overwhelmed They are not generated either by reason of a Fault of the Faculty or of the Matter the Faculty of the generating the Spirits is hurt either by a Peculiar Disorder of the Heart or by Consent The peculiar Diseases of the Heart that are chiefly to to be taken Notice of are great Intemperies overturning the native Temper of it or destroying the Substance of the Parts and of the Native Heat as acute and malignant Feavers Colliquative Pestilential and Hectick Fevers also Organical Diseases as Constriction and too great Dilatation The Faculty of the Heart is hurt by Consent as from the Brain and Liver which have a great Sympathy with it and also often from the Mouth of the Stomach by reason of its nearness and Exquisite Sense upon which account Swooning is divided into Cardiack and Stomachick that is Cardiack which proceeds from the Heart being Primarily affected that is Stomachick which is produced by Consent of the Stomach It also often arises from the Womb by reason of ill Vapours transmitted thence to the Heart The Fault of the Matter is a Defect or Corruption of the Air and Blood from whence the Vital Spirits are generated A Defect of the Air happens from Respiration or Transpiration hurt A Defect of the Blood from a Fault in Nutrition The Corruption of both is occasioned by putting on another Quality so from the infected Air in a Pestilential Constitution Swooning and Fainting frequently happen and some ill Smells occasion the same and sweet Smells in some Women The Blood is also often corrupted by unwholesome Food Too large Evacuations dissipate the Spirits both sensible and insensible sensible Evacuatioins are first of Blood it self by the Mouth Nostrils Womb Belly Hemorrhoids Bleeding and great Wounds Secondly of other Humours which though they are Excrementitious yet being evacuated in a large quantity they dissipate the Spirits and occasion Fainting Such Humours are wâ—nt to be evacuated by Vomit Stool Urine Sweat by opening a large Abscess especially inwardly as of an Empyema and also outwardly as in a Dropsie the Navel being open Insensible Evacuations are made by too great a rarity of the Skin and by reason of Thinness or Acrimony of things contained by immoderate Heat Bathing and excessive Labour They are also dissipated by long Watching long Fastting immoderate Venery Anger or excessive Joy long and acute Sickness violent Pains of the Heart Stomach Bowels Veins Ears Teeth and of all the Nervous Parts The Spirits are altered and corrupted by an ill Disposition of the Bowels and by any thing that has a malignant and an inimical Quality to the Heart as a venomous and pestilential Air drawn in by the Breath or generated in the Body by Putrefaction of Humours Poison taken inwardly does the same and the Biting of Venomous Creatures Lastly A violent Reflux of the Spirits and Blood to the Heart and the like suffocates and overwhelms the Vital Spirits A noble Virgin which was very subject to fainting upon every small occasion died suddenly by reason of a sudden Reflux of the Blood and Spirits to the Heart as she was about to sign a Contract of Marriage with a very handsom and accomplished Gentleman Fainting also sometimes happens from cold and thick Blood heapt up in abundance in the greater Vessels As to the Cure it must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes but from whatever Cause it proceeds that which follows must be observed in the Fit You must lay them on their Back and sprinkle Water in their Faces and provoke Sneezing put some good Wine or Cinnamon-water into their Mouths apply Bread hot out of the Oven to their Nostrils call them aloud shake them pull them by the Nose double their Fingers pull their Hair use Frictions Ligatures and Cupping-glasses But the Cure must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes in the following manner If it takes its
ounces of Cream of Tartar and the best Scammony each two ounces of choice Rhubarb ten drams of sharp Cinnamon half an ounce of Yellow Sanders two drams of clarified Sugar a Pound mingle them make an Electuary The Dose is from three drams to half an ounce It may also be dissolved in some convenient Water and so you may make a Potion of it The Cure of a depraved Appetite depends on the Purification of the Blood and Humours But Volatile Salts are more successful in this case than any other Medicines a few grains of them being taken twice or thrice in a day in Wine or some other Liquor especially at Dinner or Supper and to evacuate the vicious Humours Purging and Vomiting must be used CHAP. LXIV Of Nauseousness Belching and Vomiting IN perfect Health nothing is wont to be evacuated upwards by the Mouth wherefore whatever comes this way signifies Sickness whether it be Meat Wind or a thick or thin Liquor When Wind comes forth with a Noise it is called Belching when the Meat is ejected it is called Vomiting Nauseousness always precedes Vomiting and sometimes Belching Wind by reason of the Clamminess of its Nature sticks to the Stomach and is difficultly excluded and is often accompanied with an Inflation of the Stomach Belching arises from windy Meats or from other flatulent things taken inwardly as Chesnuts Pease Beans Turneps Redishes and the like or from Flegmatick and viscid Humours sticking to the Stomach and rarified to Wind by taking Aromaticks That the material cause of Wind is a Flegmatick and clammy Humour is evident from the Antecedent Causes as from Meats of a like kind viz. Milk Fish especially Sea-Fish and the Feet of Animals and Gellies and from the Cure which is wholly performed by evacuating and correcting Flegmatick Humours As in Belching only Wind is evacuated so in Vomiting either Meat crude or more or less fermented or various sorts of Humours as Watery serous flegmatick and cholerick and the like thin thick white yellow green Sky coloured or black Humours or the like insipid bitter acid rough sweet stinking or Humours without Taste and sometimes bloody Matter or Excrements All Vomiting is occasioned by the Stomach being Primarily or Secondarily affected The Stomach is Primarily affected when the Cause of Vomiting or of the Peristaltick Motion inverted is in it self It is Secondarily affected by consent from other Parts and it is provoked to the Inversion of its Peristaltick Motion in Part or altogether by the Peristaltick Motion of the Guts which is sometimes occasioned by the violent Agitation of the Diaphragma and of the Muscles of the Belly by a violent Cough The Stomach is primarily disposed to vomit first when it is inflamed excoriated or ulcerated then it is easily excited to any violent Contraction of it self from any sort of Nourishment taken Secondly When the Nourishment by its Quantity and chiefly by its Quality is troublesome to the Stomach Thirdly when sharp Humours from he Head fall upon the Sâ—omach and corrode the lower Orifice and so occasion Vomiting From the total Inversion of the Peristaltick Motion of the Guts Vomiting is occasioned as in the Iliack Passion whereby Glisters are often vomited up From the same Motion inverted in Part Vomiting is occasioned frequently as in the Cholera Morbus and from any other Motion upwards of Humours fermenting in the small Guts and by Reason of the Passage of the Excrements stopped In a violent Cough the Diaphragm being shaken violently Vomiting is occasioned which we think to be caused by a conjunct Compression of all the Bowels contained in the Abdomen made towards the Breast which mightily troubles the Stomach and forces it to the Inversion of the natural Motion Vomiting oecasioned by things taken in at the Mouth is quieted of its own accord so soon as they are vomited up or upon use of a few Aromaticks and Opiats it is stopped and cured For Instance Take of Mint-water two ounces Tincture of Cinnamon two drams London Landanum two grains Syrup of Minâ— half an ounce mingle them let the Sick take a spoonful of this Mixture by short Intervals and the Vomiting will presently cease Sharp Humours flowing from the Head upon the Stomach are to be evacuated by proper Purges mentioned before or corrected by Medicines that alter and temperate the Noxious Acrimony Vomiting of Blood occasioned by the Rupture or Erosion of the Vessels of the Stomach and Intestins is cured by conglutinating them by the following Mixture which is also useful in other Excresions of the Blood Take of Plantain-water two ounces of Cinnamon two drams distilled Vinegar half an ounce of red Coral prepared half a dram of Dragons-blood ten grains of London Laudanum two grains of Syrup of Mirtles one ounce mingle them A Spoonful of this Mixture being taken often cures most Ruptures of the Vessels and will â—top Fluxes of Blood in a short time beyond Expectation But Blood collected in the Stomach the Flux and the Vomiting of it being stopt will be carried off of its own Accord by Stool but if there is danger of the Blood 's coagulating to the foregoing Mixture may be added half a dram of Crabs-eyes and one scruple of Diaphoretick Antimony Vomiting of Matter chiefly following an Inflammation of the Pancreas or of some neighbouring Part or some notable Ulcer must be cured by curing the Primary Distemper In the mean time you may use the above described Mixture with Crabs-eyes and Antimonium Diaphoreticum It will be also proper to give a drop of Balsam of Sulphur annisated in all the Liquor he takes The belching and generation of Wind will be cured by First avoiding Flegmatick and Windy Meats Secondly By inciding and evacuating clammy Flegm Thirdly By attemperating the Choler if it be acrid Fourthly By discussing the Wind that is already made Acids and Aromaticks and volatile Salts incide clammy Flegm and Flegmagoges purge it off Spirit of Nitre attemperates Choler when it is acrid better than any thing else two or three drops of it being taken in common Beer or in some convenient Mixture Most Spices discuss Wind so do the Oyls of them but especially the Seeds Flowers and Barks but Spirit of Niter is better than all for it corrects Choler and Flegm and hinders the Generation of Wind and discusses that which is generated The following Mixture is also good to expel Wind from the Stomach and Bowels Take of the Waters of Mint and Fennel each two ounces of Spirit of Wine rectified one ounce of the sweet Spirit of Niter twenty drops of London Laudanum three grains of Oyl of Mace by Distillation six drops of Syrup of Mint one ounce and an half mingle them This Mixture must be taken by Spoonfuls often or seldom according to the degree of Pain and Quantity of Wind. Silvius's Carminative Spirit is made in the following manner Take of the Roots of Angelica one dram of Master-wort and Galingal each one dram and an half of the Flowers of Rosemary
and Marjoram Garden-rue and of the Herb called Basilicon and of the Tops of the lesser Centaury each half a handful of Bay-berries three drams of the Seeds of Angelica Lovage and Annise each half an ounce of Ginger Nutmegs and Mace each one dram and an half of Cinnamon six drams of Cloves and the Bark of Oranges each one dram cut them and powder them grosly and pour upon them twenty quarts of Maligo Wine digest them two days in a Bath then distil them till they are dry pour all again upon the Ingredients and distil off three Fourths CHAP. LXV Of the Hickops THe Hickops are a Convulsive Motion of the Stomach The Matter occasioning the Hickops is either collected in the Stomach or communicated to it from the Liver Spleen Bowels or other Parts or from the whole Body so sharp Meats or Medicines sharp Humours or Worms contained in the Stomach may occasion an Idiophathick Hickop But a Sympathick is occasioned by Inflammations of the neighbouring Parts or from Humours or sharp Vapours transferred to the Stomach from Diseases of the whole Body as in acute and malignant Feavers The Signs of the Causes must be thus distinguished If it be Idiopathick it is more continual and Signs of Humours contained in the Stomach appear and then it is cured by Vomiting The Peccant Humour collected in the Stomach may be known by Vomiting Belching a Taste in the Mouth and other Signs If it proceed from a Disease of any other Part the Signs of it must be sought for in the proper Chapters As to the Prognostick that Hickop from any Procatarctick cause as from Meat Drink or Cold is not dangerous and also that which precedes a critical Vomiting If it happen in a Feaver it shews that the Disease is very dangerous A Hickop coming after Vomiting is also dangerous The Cure of this Disease is to be directed to the Causes of it which as is said before produce this Disease Sympathically or Idiopathically the Causes that occasion a Sympathick Hickop are the Diseases of other Parts which being cured the Hickop is also taken off though those Remedies which are proper to remove the Symptom may be used in the mean while An Idiopathick Hickop is occasioned by Flegm Wind Choler or any other acrid or malignant Humour That which is occasioned by a Flegmatick Humour must be cured by Remedies that incide purge and cleanse that Humour and that strengthen the Stomach to which may be added the following Medicines which are peculiarly proper for the Symptom Take of Tincture of Castor one dram of the Juice of Mint four ounces Let the Sick take a spoonful or two at a time and let his Stomach be anointed with it hot twice or thrice a day Vinegar of Squills may be taken frequently to incide and dissolve the Matter impacted into the Tunicks of the Stomach or instead of it Oxymel of Squills Cloves also held frequently in the Mouth do good also Elixir Proprietatis described by Crollius is good Take of the Seeds of Dill two or three drams boil them gently in eight ounces of good Wine Let the Sick takâ— two Spoonfuls Morning and Evening The Seed also tied up in a Rag may be held to the Nostrils frequently when the Disease is obstinate the following Pills are very effectual Take of Castor and Mirrh each three drams of Sal-gemma half an ounce of Diagridium and Mastich each one dram of the fresh Troches of Agarick three drams of choice Aloes the Weight of all mix them with the Juice of Mint and make a Mass Of each dram make six Pills gild them let the Sick take two or three in a Morning two hours before Meat twice a Week Pills also made of the Powder of Hiera with Oxymel are also good whereof a dram may be taken at a time Of the days the Sick does not Purge let him take the following Powder Take of the Seeds of Dill half an ounce of Zedoary and of Woo◠〈◊〉 Aloes of Nutmegs Cloves and of the Powder of Dâ—â—mbra each one dram mix them let him take two scruples with a little good Wine or adding three ounces of common Salt let him use of it with his Meat Let the following Cataplasm be applied to his Stomach Take of the Roots of long Birth-wort of Florentine-orris of Bayberries of the Leaves of Rue and dried Mint each three drams of Castor and Mirrh each two drams of Cloves and Hyposistis each six drams with Honey of Rosemary-flowers make a Cataplasm Lastly when the Disease is very obstinate we must use a Decoction of Guajacum and the Bath-water That which prooceeds from Wind must be cured by Remedies that are proper to expel Wind Let Cupping-glasses be applied to the Region of the Stomach which like a Miracle mitigate and take off suddenly flatulent Diseases of the Lower-belly That which proceeds from an acrid and cholerick Humour must be cured by Bleeding if there be a Plethora and by Vomiting or by Purging every third day Take of choice Rhubarb powdered and moistened with Endive-water half an ounce of the Pulp of Tamarinds two drams of the Seeds of Endive Purslain and Spodium each one dram of Yellow Sanders and of Diagridium each half a dram with Syrup of Lemons make a Mass for Pills of half a dram make four or five Pills to be taken in the Morning Of other Days let him take the Conserve of Roses and Borrage mixed with a little of the Powder of the three Sanders Emulsions of the cold Seeds attemperate powerfully the Acrimony of the Humours Syrup of Apples mixed with Syrup of Quinces is also good hot or cold Water or a Ptisan is also to be drank freely of Foment the Stomach with a Spunge dipt in Rose-vinegar and apply the following Plaister to the Back and Stomach Take of the Ceratum Santalinum and of Ointment of Roses each one ounce of Mastich half an ounce of the Bark of Citron and of the Flesh of Quinces each one dram with the Juice of Housleek and with a little Turpentine make Plaisters If there be a Suspicion of a malignant Quality Treacle or some other Alexipharmick must be prescribed and the Region of the Stomach must be anointed with the Oyl of Scorpions But from whatsoever Cause the Hickops arise the following Medicines are to be used First The Peccant Humour must be evacuated by Vomit if the Sick can bear it and it must be repeated if the Disease be lessened by it but not quite taken away and strong Vomits must be given if the Case so require as Platerus teaches in his Practice whereof he mentions an Observation in these Words A Surgeon was seized with the Hickops and they were so continual Night and Day that he cou'd not sleep nor scarce speak or eat being extreamly weakned by them he earnestly desired we should give him a strong Chimical Vomit which being taken he cast up a vast Quantity of green and black Choler the Vomiting stopt and he recovered But if the
frigid one dram make a Julep for three Doses to be taken twice a day To these may be added restorative Opiats Narcoticks and the like all which are to be varied according to the Judgment and Discretion of the Physician Turpentine washed in Wormwood-water taken twice or thrice resolves and ripens Imposthumes of the Stomach The following Fomentation may be applyed outwardly in the beginning Take of the Roots of Sorrel two ounces of the Leaves of Endive Succory and Mallows each one handful of the Seeds of Lettice and of white Poppies each three drams of white and red Sanders each half a dram of the Flowers of Violets and of Water-lillies each one Pugil make a Decoction add to it a little Rose-vinegar foment the Region of the Stomach with it warm After the Fomentation anoint the part with Oyl of Roses and Oyl of Violets mixed Cataplasms are not convenient in the beginning because they oppress the part by their Weight and by retaining the Heat increase the Inflammation If the Disease come to a Declination and if the Tumour should be resolved which is most to be wished for a resolving Fomentation may be applied made in the following manner Take of the Roots of Florentine-orris two ounces of the Leaves of Mint Marjoram Penny-royal and of Roman Wormwood each one Handful of the Seeds of Fâ—enugreek and of Annise each two drams of the grains of Kermes one dram of the Flowers of Staechas Rosemary and Camomil each one Pugil adding towards the the end a little White-wine make a Decoction wherewith foment the Region of the Stomach After the Fomentation anoint the Part with Oyl of Nutmeg Wormwood Nard and the like to which Wax and the Powder of Florentine-orris and of Cinnamon being added an Oyntment may be made but Plaisters and Cataplasms are not convenient because they oppress the Part. But if the Tumour seem to tend to Suppuration foment the part with a Decoction of the Flowers of Camomil and red Roses and afterwards apply the following Cataplasm Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows two ounces of the Leaves of Bears-breech and of Roses each one handful boil them well and then add of the Flower of Barley and of Linseeds and Faenugreek-seeds and of the Powder of Camomil each half an ounce of white and red Sanders each two drams with Oyl of Roses and of Camomil and with a little Hens-grease make a Cataplasm to be renewed often The Abscess being broken cleanse the Ulcer by drinking Hydromel to which must be added sometimes according to Galen's order Manna of Frankincense or Barly-water with Sugar of Roses in the beginning in a hot Constitution When the Ulcer grows old from what cause soever it prooceeds Broths are proper altered with cooling and moderately astringent Herbs Barly-broths sweetned with Sugar of Roses new Milk sweetned with Sugar and a little Honey Steel-waters for the ordinary drink or Water wherein some Bole-armonick or sealed Earth has been infused to which may be added a little red rough Wine if there be but little Heat in the Part afterward the following Apozem may be used Take of whole Barley one Pugil of the Leaves of Scabious Agrimony Burnet and of Maiden-hair each half an handful of the seeds of Melons two drams of red Roses dried one Pugil make a Decoction to one Pint wherein dissolve three ounces of Syrup of dried Roses make an Apozem for four doses to be frequently repeated For internal Ulcers a Decoction of China is also very good when there is no Feaver for being taken for twenty Days or more it gently provokes Sweat and dries the Ulcer by degrees But if there be danger of a Consumption the foresaid Root must be boiled in Chicken-broth with the foresaid Herbs and with cleansed Barley When the Ulcer has continued long Chalybeat or Purging Waters drank for a Month do good and gentle Catharticks as Rubarb and Tamarinds Myrobalans Syrup of Roses are to be used once a Week Lastly The following things are to be used Take of Bole-armenick sealed Earth red Coral Blood-stone well washed in Rose-water each one dram of Dragons-blood Gum-arabick and Tragacanth each half a dram of the Seeds of white Poppies gently bruised and roasted of Hypocistis Sarcoco and Frankincense each one Scruple of Sugar of Roses one ounce make a Powder whereof let him take a dram in Plantane-water or with Conserve of Roses daily Or of the same Powder may be made an Opiat with Conserve of Comfry and Roses and with Syrup of Quinces or of Myrtles or Troches may be made of it with the Mucilages of the Seeds of Psyllium or of Tragacanth of all which the Sick may take by turns least his Stomach turn by taking of one Medicine a long while And outwardly to heal the Ulcer may be applied to the Region of the Stomach a Fomentation made of Wormwood Roses Pomegranate-peel Galls Balaustins Myrtles Frankincense Mastich and the like And afterwards the part must be anointed with some Astringent Oyntment and an Astringent Plaister must be applied over CHAP. LXX Of the Chollick IT takes its name from the Gut Colon which is the part affected which is long and winding and designed by Nature to receive the Excrements of almost all the Body and when those Excrements are retained too long they are wont to occasion Pains of this kind Therefore the Causes of the Chollick is all Excrementitious Matter that occasions a Solution of the Continuum either by distending pricking or corroding and is either Wind or Humours Wlnd generated by Crudities or from a cold Intemperies of the Stomach or Bowels if it cannot be seasonably excluded by reason the Feces are very hard or by reason the Intestines are obstructed it is heap'd up in a great quantity in the great Guts especially in the Colon and occasions violent Pain Thick Cold and Flegmatick Humours stufft into the Tunicks of the Guts may occasion such Pains by corroding them if they are indued with Acrimony or by chilling them which consequently occasions Costiveness and Convulsions as Galen says of himself that he having a violent Chollick evacuated glassy Flegm which was actually cold Wind which is easily elevated by a weak and gentle Heat from gross and clammy Humours may also occasion this Pain Cholerick and Acrid Humours and also Melancholly and Acid may occasion these Pains by vellicating and pricking the Intestines But in the Action of these Causes it may be asked how the Chollick Pain should have Exacerbations and Remissions the same Matter remaining in the Bowels which as long as it is there should always bite and distend them To which I answer that that Matter does sometimes remain quiet and then it occasions little or no Pain but sometimes is moved and excited by various Fermentations that happen to the Humours as is wont to happen to the Falling-sickness Hysterick Fits and in Fits of Feavers But we must take notice that the Wind or Humours do not only reside in the Cavity of the Intestines for then
the Narcotick may be sufficient for a Child of a Year old The Liquid Laudanum which as was said I daily us'd was prepared according to this easie Method Take of Spanish-wine one Pint Opium two ounces of Saffron one ounce of the Powder of Cinnamon and of Cloves each one dram let them be infused together in a Bath for two or three days till the Liquor come to a due Consistence strain it and keep it for use In the Dry-gripe Dysentery I used the following Method If the Patient was in the Flower of his Age and had a Feaver I ordered him to be bled in the Arm and after an hour or two that he shou'd take great quantities of Liquor as I us'd to do in the Cholera Morbus but not Chicken-broth or Posset-drink as in that Case but Whey which I ordered to be drank cold in the same quantity as in the Cholera but the Glisters were to be injected warm without Sugar or any other thing I found the Gripes and the bloody Stools went off with the fourth Glister This Business being over and all the Whey ejected which might be done in the Space of two or three Hours if the Sick minded his Business I presently put him to Bed where he soon sweated of his own Accord by reason of the Whey mixt with the Blood and I ordered it should be continued for twenty four hours but not at all provoked allowing him all the while nothing but Milk a little warmed which he only used three or four days after he left his Bed If either by rising too soon or by leaving the use of Milk too soon the Patient relapses the same Method is to be repeated To conclude 'T is to be noted that tho in those Years wherein the Bloody-flux is Epidemical the foresaid Evacuations are wholly necessary before we come to the use of Laudanum yet in any Constitution not favouring so much this Disease they may be safely omitted and the Cure may be performed more compendiously by Laudanum alone in the manner we have described CHAP. LXXVIII Of a Tenesmus A Tenesmus is a continual Motion to go to Stool whereby nothing but a mucous Matter is evacuated The Cause of this Disease is an Ulcer of the right Gut from whence a purulent Matter continually flows and irritates the expulsive Faculty It is not dangerous unless it proceed from black Choler and so shou'd turn to a Cancer or should occasion Miscarriage in Women with Child The manner of Cure is much the same with that of the Bloody-flux If there be an Inflammation which is chiefly known by a Feaver or an abundance of Blood Bleeding must be us'd and if the Inflammation remains after Bleeding and occasion a Strangury which sometimes happens Bleeding by Leeches in the Hemorrhoidal Veins is beneficial Glisters are also to be Injected according to the various Seasons of the Ulcer sometimes those that are lenient when the Pain is violent sometimes cleansing glutinating or astringent but in giving Glisters you must observe first that they must be given often and in a small quantity because 't is difficult to keep them and then the Pipe must be put up gently least it should anger the part and cause Pain And the part must be well fomented and Bathed and Fumes Suppositories and Oyntments must be us'd to it a Fomentation may be made in the following manner Take of the Leaves of Mullein and Wormwood each six handfulls boil them in new Milk and put them into two Bags and apply them hot by turns to the Fundament and Belly Or Take of the Flowers of Camomil and Roses each one handful of red Wine a quart infuse them for two Hours upon hot Ashes foment the Fundament as hot as the Patient can bear it with Clothes four times double afterward let hlm set upon a Spunge pressed out of the same Liquor Or fill two Bags with wheat-bran and boil them in Vinegar let the Sick sit hot upon them by turns as he can bear them If much Blood be evacuated you may make a Fomentation in the following manner Take of the Leaves and Roots of Mullein two handfuls of red Roses one Pugil of the Bark of Pomegranates and of Gauls each half an ounce boil them in two Parts of Smiths Water and in one of red Wine 't will be more powerful if you add half an ounce of Alum A Bath to ease the Pain must be made of Emollients boyled in a Decoction of Sheeps-feet and if the Heat be much Violets Night-shade Goards and pieces of Melons may be added But to heal the Ulcer a Bath must be made of Astringents Fumes are proper to dry the Ulcer made of Frankincense cast on Coals or of a Decoction of Savine made with Oxycrate the following is much commended by Forestus Take of Mastich one dram of Frankincense one Scruple of Mirtles one dram and an half of red Roses two scruples make a Fume to be received through a Chair that has a hole at the Bottom Suppositories do much good in this Case but they ought to be gentle least they should exasperate the sensible Part they may be made of Goats Suet cut into the Form of a Suppository for it gives Ease and heals the Ulcer but it will be more powerful to ease the Pain if you mix with it the Seeds of white Poppies and of Henbane bruised but t is much better to add instead of the Seeds three drops of the Oyls pressed from the Seeds or a grain of Opium dissolved in half a Scruple of Oyl of Almonds But to heal the Ulcer 't is best to add to the Suet dissolved Starch and Gum-tragacanth beat or infused first in Plantane-water or it may be compounded in the following manner Take of Gum-Tragacanth as much as is sufficient pour upon it a little Plantain-water that it may only swell and not be too moist add the Mucilage of the Seeds of Psyllium or of Quinces a sufficient quantity and the Yolk of one Egg mingle them and make them warm and of melted wax a sufficient quantity to make Suppositories Narcoticks may be also added and the Powders of Ceruss Tutty Bole Balaustines and other things that dry and are not acrimonious when there is a great Corrosion but they ought to be finely powdered least they should cause Pain Oyls and Oyntments may be also applied as Oyntment of Roses Populeum of the Mucilages of Yolks of Eggs and Oyl of Roses and the like to asswage the Pain and Inflammation Lastly when the Disease is violent Narcoticks must be used inwardly and outwardly Laudanum Opiatum is best whereof three or four grains may be given with Mastich or sealed Earth or mixt with a Glister made of a Decoction of Camomil Flowers CHAP. LXXIX Of Worms THe Worms are generated in various Parts of the Body yet because that is very seldom and they most frequently abound in the Guts therefore we shall treat only of these The Signs of Worms in the Bowels are various
a day Certainly the Magisterial-water of Worms of the London Dispensatory is very beneficial in this Disease so are the Spirit and Salt of Harts-horn Spirit of Blood Flowers of Sal-armoniack which I have often used with good Success Moreover Testaceous Powders as Crabs-eyes Coral Pearls and Vegetables which are counted good for the Gout as the Roots of Birth-wort the Leaves of Ground-pine and Germander and the like mixed with Antiscorbuticks conduce to the Cure of this Disease Oyl of Worms of Frogs and Toads are often useful to ease the Pain I have been told by a worthy Man that the Water drawn from what is contained in the Stomach of an Ox newly killed by Distillation and applied hot with Cloaths gives certainly ease For Convulsive and Paralitick Diseases occasioned by the Scurvy Remedies proper for them must be mixed with Antiscorbuticks For a Consumption and a Feaver ocasioned by the Scurvy gentle Catharticks Digestives and things that corroborate must be used And because they often arise from a scirrhous Tumour in the Stomach or Parts thereabouts things that open Obstructions are to be used as Tunbridge-waters and the like Moreover Fomentations Liniments and Plaisters must be outwardly applyed Asses or Cows-milk diluted with Barly-water or with some proper distilled-water is often good so is Broth made of Snails and Snails boiled in Milk Moreover Distilled waters of Milk or Whey with Snails and Antiscorbutick Herbs do a great deal of Good in this Case And for the Feaver the following Medicines may be used with a thin Diet Take of the Raspings of Harts-horn and Ivory each two drams and an half of Eryngo Roots candied six drams of the Roots of Chervil Dandelyon each half an ounce of the Leaves of Harts-tongue Liverwort each one handful one Apple sliced of Raisins one handful boil them in four Pints of Fountain-water to the Consumption of a third part pour the strained Liquor upon two handfuls of Brook-lime and a dram and an half of Sal-prunella or of Nitre fixed one dram let them infuse for the Space of three Hours four or six ounces of it may be taken three times a day Take of the Leaves of Brook-lime four handfuls of Wood-sorrel of the Herb and Root of Dandelyon each two handfuls of Snails cleansed one pound and an half the Peels of two Oranges After they are bruised and cut pour upon them six Pints of new Milk or Whey made with Syder or of the fresh Juice of Apples distill them after the common Way Three ounces may be taken twice or thrice a day A Scorbutical Rhumatism must be cured by Purging but especially by Bleeding and repeated sometimes according to the Strength of the Patient Diureticks and Diaphoreticks must be also used and four or six ounces of the Infusion of Horse-dung in Wine or Ale may be taken twice or thrice a day on the Days the Sick does not purge Spirit of Harts-horn or of Blood is also very good in this case A Scorbutical Dropsie arising from an evident Cause or occasionally is often cured wherefore if the Sick cannot sleep Opiats must be given and Purging must be repeated at due distances according to the Strength of the Patient and Glisters must be often injected to keep the Body loose Take of Mercurius Dulcis one Scruple of Rosin of Jalap five or ten grains of Cloves half a Scruple mix them and give it in a spoonful of Panado At other Times Diureticks and sometimes Diaphoreticks must be given Take of Tincture of Salt of Tartar impregnated with the Tincture of Millepedes as much as you please Give a Scruple or two Scruples twice a day in some proper Liquor Take of the Spirit of Sal-armoniack what quantity you please The Dose is fifteen drops Take of Mille pedes prepared three drams of Salt of Tartar two drams of Nutmegs one dram mix them make a Powder The Dose is half a dram twice a day with some proper Liquor Or Take of dried Bees powdered two drams of the Seeds of Bishops-weed powdered one dram of Oyl of Juniper one scruple of Turpentine a sufficient quantity for a Mass of Pills The Dose is one scruple or half a dram to be taken twice a day drinking upon it three or four ounces of the following Water Take of the Leaves of both the Scurvy-grasses of Water-cresses of Pepper-wort and Arsmart each three handfuls of the Roots of Wake-robin Briony and Florentine-orris each four ounces of the middle Bark of Elder two handfuls of the Winteran-bark two ounces of the yellow Peel of four Oranges and three Lemmons and of fresh Juniper-berries four ounces cut them and bruise them and pour upon them two quarts of Rhenish-wine and of the Wine made of the Juice of Elder-berries one quart Distill them in a common Still and mix the Waters The Dose is three or four ounces twice a day after a Dose of any of the Medicines above prescribed There remains one Symptom that comes though rarely upon the Scurvy viz. A crackling of the Bones but the Cure of it is not yet known An orderly Diet is of great moment in the Cure of the Scurvy The Sick must only eat Meat of easy Digestion he must avoid thick and clammy Meat and such as are smoaked and Pulse Milk-meats unripe Fruit and things that are sugared for the Scurvy has increased wonderfully of late by the immoderate use of Sugar Their Drink must be middling mild Beer that is clear and medicated with Antiscorbuticks Exercise and Labour are so beneficial in the Scurvy that many have been cured by them alone An Air moderately hot and dry thin and pure should be chosen CHAP. LXXXV Of the Stone in the Kidneys and of the Nephritick Pain THE Nephritick Pain is called that whick afflicts the Reins and Ureters The cause of this Pain is various but the most frequent is a Stone or gross Flegm The less frequent causes are Clods of Blood thrust into the Ureters or thick Matter conveyed from the Reins or other Parts into the Ureters The diagnostick Signs of the Stone The first Sign is a fixed Pain about the Region of the Loins the second is bloody Urine the third thin and little Water at the Beginning of the Fit which is sometimes succeeded by a total Suppression of Urine if both the Ureters be obstructed the fourth is the frequent voiding of Sand and little Stones the fifth is a Numbness of the Legs the Sixth is the drawing up of the Stones the seventh is Nauseousness and Vomiting The Cure of the Nephritick Pain and Stone sticking in the Reins and Ureters is peformed by dilating the Passages by the Explosion of the Stone or any other Matter which causes Pain and also by removing the antecedent Cause and mitigating the Pain to the which Indications the following Remedies answer Take of the carminative Decoction for a Glister ten ounces of the Electuary of Laurel-berries of the Electuary of Juice of Roses each three drams of Venice-turpentine dissolved in the Yolk of
ounce of Sugar is very good Sal-prunella or the Spirit of Salt may be mixed with it If Suppression of Urine occasioned by a phlegmatick Matter often recur nothing is better than the Bath-waters which easily dissolve and cleanse away the Mucilaginous Matter A certain Nobleman that was afflicted with a Suppression of Urine for many Days after other Medicines used to no Purpose was freed by injecting the following Glyster which he retained two Hours Take of the Roots of Smallage and Parsly Knee holm Asparagous Mallows each two drams of Pellitory two handfuls of the Seeds of Annise Fennel Daucus Bishop-weed bastard Saffron Rue Cummiâ— and Juniper-berries each half an ounce of the Flowers of Camomil Mellilot Dill and Stoechas each two Pugils boil them in Whitewine till half is consumed in one Pint of the strained Liquor dissolve four ounces of fresh Butter of Honey of Roses two ounces of red Sugar one ounce of Benedictum Laxativum half an ounce of the Yolk of one Egg of Oyls of Nuts Dill or Linseeds one ounce make a Glister In the whole Course of the Cure Fomentations Liniments Cataplasms Baths and the like must be used among other things a Cataplasm of Pellitory fried with Butter or rather with Oyl of Scorpions is good also a Bladder half full of Oyl wherein Cantharides have been boyled A Cataplasm made of Onyons fried in Lard and with some Oyl is commonly applied to the Region of the Pubis and Loins When an Ischury proceeds from clotted Blood Troches of Ambar Mumny simple Oxymel Oxymel of Squills Syrup of Sorrel and the like must be used and Cow-dung outwardly applied does Wonders Lastly when the Suppressions proceeds from Pus things that cleanse and incide must be used such chiefly as were proposed for an Ulcer of the Reins and Bladder CHAP. XCIV Of a Dysury or Heat of Vrine THe next and immediate Cause of rendring Urine with Pain is a Solution of the Continuum in the Sphincter Muscle or Channel of the Bladder and therefore whatsoever causes Solution of the Continuum in those Parts occasions also a Dysury or Heat of Urine Among these Causes the chief and most frequent is an Acrimony of the Urine sometimes simple without the Mixture of other Humours which a hot Intemperies of the Bowels or of the whole Body or the use of acrid and hot Meats occasions it But it is most commonly from a Mixture of acrid Humours sometimes Matter flowing from the Reins or Bladder ulcerated occasion such an Acrimony in the Urine and sometimes a white and Milky Matter that is emitted plentifully with the Urine occasions the Heat of it also a Stone in the Bladder or Gravel produces the same Lastly An Inflammation as in a Gonorrhea as long as the Prostratae are Inflamed the Heat of Urine continues The Signs of the Causes may be thus distinguished If it proceeds from an Acrimony the Urine is thin and high coloured or there will be a Mixture of Purulent Matter and an Intemperies of the Bowels went before or hot and acrid Aliments the Heat of the Air or the like heating causes preceded Lastly Stones and Inflammations of these parts may be known by their proper Signs As to the Prognostick This Disease is not of it self dangerous but is very troublesome to the Patient and is sometimes difficultly cured especially in old Men who if they are decrepid have it as long as they live and if it continue long in any Age it ulcerates the Neck of the Bladder The Cure is first to be directed to the taking off the Cause and therefore if it arise from the Stone an Inflammation or from an Ulcer of the Bladder or the Neck of it the Cure must be taken from the Chapters of these Diseases but those things which are mentioned below may much abate the Symptom But that which proceeds from an Acrimony of Urine and from hot Humours mixed with it must be cured with the following Remedies And first To qualifie the Intemperies of the Parts frequent Bleeding is necessary and it must be often repeated if there be a great quantity of Blood or danger of an Inflammation Purges are also convenient in this Disease but they must be lenitive and cooling for otherwise they mightily exasperate the Heat of Urine wherefore some do not dare to give any thing besides a simple Bolus of Cassia and this is certainly to be preferred before all other things Yet it may be made more cooling if Tamarinds are added to it or a Decoction of Lettice Purslain and the Tops of Mallows with Cassia may be taken for many Days that the acrid Humours flowing to the Urinary parts may be by degrees turned upon the Bowels but yet if a large quantity of ill Humours requires more Purging we may use the following Potion Take of the Leaves of Lettice Purslain Plantane and the Tops of Mallows each half an ounce of Tamarinds half a dram of yellow Mirobalans one dram boil them to six ounces in the strained Liquor dissolve one ounce of Cassia fresh drawn strain them again and afterwards add the Infusion of one dram and an half of Rubarb in Lettice water with yellow Sanders of Manna and of Syrup of Roses each one ounce make a Potion Vomiting also with gentle Remedies is excellent for it makes Revulsion from the Part affected and does not occasion those Disorders that Purging does and therefore such as can bear Vomiting well may take a gentle Vomit once or twice a Week Glisters also frequently injected do good Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce of the Leaves of Mallows Violets and Lettice each one handful of the flowers of Water-lillies and of Barley cleansed each one Pugil boil them to a Pint in the strained Liquor dissolve an ounce of Cassia newly extracted one whole Egg and two ounces of Oyl of Violets make a Glister The Mucilages of the Seeds of Marsh mallows Quinces Fenugreek may be mixed with Glisters to ease the Pain But to qualifie the Heat and to ease the Pain Glisters of Milk by it self or mixed with the foregoing things are usually so effectual that I have known some eased of long Pains with this Remedy only and by the Bath which shall be mentioned by and by But many things may be given inwardly to asswage the Pain and to correct the Intemperies of the Parts affected Take of the Waters of Purslain Lettice and Water-lillies each one ounce of the Syrup of Violets and of Water-lillies each six drams Sal-prunella one dram mingle them make a Julep to be repeated often Emulsions may be also used though they are diuretick because they cool and gently cleanse the Urinary Passages Take of the four greater cold Seeds and of White Poppies each three drams of Sweet Almonds blanched and infused in cold water half an ounce bruise them in a Marble Mortar and pour upon them gently a pint and an half of the Decoction of Barly of Liquorish and the Tops of Mallows make an Emulsion for
plenty of Excrements heap'd together in the first Region and distending the Belly or it vitiates the Blood in the whole Body rendring it unfit to nourish the Child or it fills the Vessels of the Womb which retain the Child with a slymy moisture Bleeding may be also used for this Cacochymy in a small quantity but the chiefest way of Cure is by frequent Purging that the superfluous Excrements of the Body may be evacuated and betwixt Purge and Purge such things must be used as asswage the Intemperies of the Bowels and the Acrimony of the Humors if there be any and thicken the said Humors in case they be too thin and if flegmatick Humors abound they must be discussed with Sudorificks and Diureticks and other Remedies howbeit we must diligently observe that whatever ill Humors abound Issues are very proper to prevent Abortion of which Zacutus Lusitanus gives a special note in these words By most happy Experiments I have observed That frequent Abortion caused by corrupted Humors which flow from the whole Body to the Womb and by their evil disposition or abundance kill the Child is hereby as by a most present help prevented many Women have miscarried on this account among whom some having oftentimes brought a Child of seven Months or four Months growth torn and putrified cou'd by no other means be freed from so great a Calamity save by Issues made in their Arms and Thighs which were always made at the beginning of the Fluxion by which means they went out their time and brought forth Children healthy and not defiled with any Infection The peculiar Diseases of the Womb as over-great Moisture Swellings Ulcers and such like must be cured by their proper Remedies If these Diseases happen when a Woman is with Child the difficulty is greater because big-bellied Women cannot so easily bear all kind of Remedies yet lest being destitute of all help they should remain in extream danger of Miscarriage and Death some kind of Remedies are to be used In case therefore the Patient be too full of Blood she must have a Vein opened tho' she be with Child especially in the first Months and so twice or thrice if need be always remembring that there never be much Blood taken away at a time And when there is abundance of some ill Humors gentle Purging must be repeated especially in the middle Months and if a moist and flatulent or slymy Intemperies annoy the Patient we may sometimes proceed to a Sudorifick Diet at least a gentle one in the strongest sort of Women In the mean while these astringent and strengthening Medicines are to be used all the time the Woman is with Child that are proper to hinder Abortion Take of Kermes-berries and Tormentil-roots each three ounces of Mastich one drachm and an half make a Powder of which give now and then half a drachm or as much as will lie on the point of a Knife Or Take of red Coral two drachms Kermes-berries Date-stones each one drachm shavings of Ivory half a drachm of Pearls not bor'd one scruple make a Powder Or let her take every day in the morning some grains of Mastich Our ordinary Women use frequently Plantain-seed which they take in the morning to the quantity of half a drachm with Wine and Water or in an Egg or Broath or by it self almost every day all the while they are with Child and with good success To the same purpose very effectual Electuaries are compounded according to the following Example Take of Conserve of Roses two ounces of Citron-peel candied six drachms of Myrabolans candied of the pulp of Dates each half an ounce of Coral prepared Pearl prepared and shavings of Hartshorn each one drachm with syrup of Quinces make an Electuary of which let the Patient take often the quantity of a Nutmeg If a Liquor be more pleasing a Decoction of Tormentil-roots sweet'ned with Conserve of Roses may be given successfully The following Lozenges are very good for they strengthen and by little and little free the Body from Excrements though they do not sensibly purge sometimes Take of Mace of the three sorts of Sanders Rhubarb Sena Coral Pearl each one scruple of Sugar dissolved in Rose-water four ounces make all into Lozenges weighing three drachms apiece Let her take one twice a week by it self or dissolved in a little Broath Ointments and Plasters are to be applied outwardly Take of Ship-pitch half an ounce of Frankincense one ounce Mastich half an ounce Dragons blood and red Roses each two drachms make a Cerecloath Or Take of Oil of Myrtles and Mastich each one ounce of red and yellow Sanders Hypocistis and Acacia each half an ounce of Spodium and red Roses each two drachms of Bole-armonick seal'd Earth Ivory each two scruples of Turpentine washed in Plantain-water one ounce with a sufficient quantity of Wax make a Cereloath spread it on Cloath and apply it to the Reins Or Take of the Plaster for the Matrix three ounces of Bistort-roots Acacia Hypocistis Pomgranat-peels each half an ounce of Labdanum six drachms soften them with the juice of Quinces and make a Plaster for the use aforesaid As to Plasters it is to be noted That they must not be worn long together but taken off now and then otherwise if they stick too long upon the Back they do so heat the Kidnies that sometimes they occasion an heat of Urine and the voiding by Urine Sand Stones yea Blood it self Nor are those things to be omitted which are accounted Specificks for retaining the Child in the Womb as the Eagle's stone worn about the Neck a Load-stone applied to the Navel Corals Jaspers Smaragds Bones found in the Hearts of Stags and such like worn under the Arm-pits or hanged about the Neck But that the success of these Medicines may be good the Patient must be ordered to rest and to keep her self as quiet as possibly she can both in Body and Mind and to abstain from Coition which does much disquiet the Womb for whilst the Womb opens it self to receive the Semen with which it is much delighted it drops out the tender Fetus not yet well setled in the Womb. But if notwithstanding the Medicines aforesaid by reason of the vehemency of the Cause whether it be external or internal the Patient be ready to miscarry we must do the best we can with these following Remedies And in the first place so soon as Pains and Throws shall be perceived to be in the lower parts of the Belly towards the Pubis in the Loins and about the Os sacrum we must seek to allay and stop them both by Medicines taken inwardly and outwardly applied according to the variety of the Causes for if Abortion be caused by Crudities and Wind which is most usual when it begins from an internal Cause a Powder must be given made of Aromaticum Rosatum and Coriander-seeds and we may give of the Aqua Imperialis if Phlegm and Wind abound At the same time let
the Stomach 215 Ulcers of the Reins and Bladder 295 Unguis Oculorum 71 Vomiting 193 Urine suppress'd 307 Urine hot 311 Urine bloody 292 Uvula relaxed 124 W. WEakness 187 Whites 357 Womb inflamed 371 Womb ulcerated 375 Womb mortified 387 Womb falling 395 Worms 252 THE STORE-HOUSE OF Physical Practice Diseases of the HEAD CHAP. I. Of a Phrensie A Phrensie in Latin Phrenitis is twofold True and Spurious A true Phrensie is an inflamation of the Brain and Membranes of it with a perpetual Delirium and a continual Acute Feaver A Bastard Phrensie proceeds from an hot intemperies communicated to the Brain from the whole Body as in Burning Feavers or from the inflamation of some particular part as of the Liver Lungs and especially the Diaphragm The Causes of a true Phrensie proceed from Cholerick Blood extravasated The Signs of an approaching Phrensie are Watchings disturbed Sleep immoderate Speech Urine first Thick then Thin and Clear Heat and Pain in the Head and the like A Phrensie is known by perpetual Raving restless Watching and by drawing the Breath deep and seldom and the Sick does not call for Drink though there are great and apparent causes of Thirst the Pulse is small frequent and quick the Feaver is continual and the Tongue black yellow or rough A Phrensie is generally deadly because the Noble Parts are generally affected But there is most hopes of Recovery when they Laugh and when all the symptoms are moderate and when the Strength is good and if after the Disease is at height some evacuation happens as by Sweat Bleeding at the Nose or a Loosness The following Signs shew it to be deadly trembling of the Hands and Tongue gnashing of the Teeth Convulsion and a shaking at the beginning of it catching of the Cloaths black Blood droping from the Nose white Stools and a pale Urine CVRE The Blood flowing to the Head must be evacuated repelled intercepted and a revulsion of it must be made That which is already flown in must be evacuated and discussed the intemperies of the part must be corrected and the strength of it and of the whole Body must be preserved All these things may be performed by the following remedies But first of all and at any time of the day Bleeding must be used If it be occasion'd by a suppression of the Lochia or of the Courses or of the Hemorrhoids the Vein call'd Saphena must be open'd in the Foot afterwards you must open a Vein in the Arm to evacuate the Blood that is put off upon the Head Bleeding is to be repeated twice thrice or more according to the height of the Disease and the Age and Strength of the Patient Note in opening of the Vein the Orifice must be small for otherwise the restlesness of the Sick will force the Blood out and so make it joyn the sooner you may apply a Plaister to it made of Aloes the White of an Egg and Hares Down After Bleeding you must endeavour to procure Sleep by applying cooling things to the Forehead and Temples and Anodine Medicines must be given inwardly Take of Lettice and Purslain Water each one Ounce of Diacodium half an Ounce or six Drams of Syrup of Lemons half an Ounce make a Draught to be taken at Bed-time The Sick may take often of the following Julep Take of the Waters of Lettice Purslain Roses red Poppies each three Ounces Syrup of Violets and Pomgranats each one Ounce and an half of Sal prunella three Drams make a Julep The Dose is three or four spoonfuls at a time four or five times a day When Bleeding cannot be used Cupping-glasses must be applied with deep Scarification first to the lower Parts viz. the Thighs c. then to the upper Parts viz. to the Shoulders c. And afterwards you may apply them without Scarification to the Legs and other parts Blisters may be also conveniently applied to the Shoulders and Arms and a cooling Glyster must be daily injected For instance Take of the common decoction for Glysters one Pint dissolve in it one Ounce of Lenitive Electuary and four Ounces of Brown Sugar make a Glyster Note That the quantity of the Glyster must be varied according to the Age and Bigness of the Patient Bleeding in the Nose by pricking often with a Lancet the Nostrils where the Hairs grow does much good and also Leeches applied behind the Ears to the Nostrils and Forehead CHAP. II. Of Madness MAdness in Latin Mania This Disease does not kill of it self yet it is very difficult to Cure especially if it be hereditary CVRE Bleeding Vomiting and strong Purges are to be frequently used with which and severe Discipline it is frequently Cur'd But if the Disease be mild kind words and good usage and gentle Physick does oftentimes the business But in most Bleeding must be us'd to a great quantity in the beginning of the Disease sometimes in the Arm and sometimes in the Jugular Vein in the Forehead Foot or drawn from the Hemorrhoidal Veins by Leeches Vomits do also a great deal of good But such as are Chymical are best because they work most powerfully and the Sick may be easily cheated with them Take of Sulphur of Antimony eight or ten grains of cream of Tartar half a Scruple mix them and give it in a spoonful of Broth or with Bread Repeat this Vomit once in four days Strong Purges are also frequently used As Take of extract of black Hellebore and Calamelanos each one Scruple mix them and make a Bolus to be taken in the Morning Betwixt the Evacuations such things may be used as attemperate the Blood if the Sick will take them as Steel-waters Whey and the like For preservation such People as are subject to Madness should Purge and Bleed Spring and Fall CHAP. III. Of Giddiness GIddiness in Latin Vertigo There are two sorts of it in one the Sight is taken away in the other it is not The Cause of Giddiness is a circumvolution of the Spirits An idiopathick Giddiness is known by Pains and dulness in the Head a dulness of the Sight noise in the Ears Deafness and the like The peccant Matter is discovered by the following Signs dulness of the outward and inward Senses Sloth much Sleep much Spitting want of Appetite and of Thirst a white and crude Urine shew that Flegm abounds watching anger activity of Body thirst a quick Pulse thin and yellow Urine signifie that Choler is peccant fear sadness disturbed thoughts long watching dreadful Dreams soure belchings and the like signifie Melancholy abounds The bigness and stiffness of the Veins a florid Countenance and heat of the Face beating of the Temples dulness of the Head weariness or a red and thick Urine and sometimes a thin when there is a translation to the Head signifie that Blood abounds A sympathetick Giddiness is known by the absence of the Symptoms that proceed from the Head and when there is no apparent Disease in the Brain Want of Appetite nauciousness
soure Belching Pain or Wind in the Stomach signifie that it proceeds from the Stomach that a Giddiness proceeds from the Liver Spleen or Womb is known by the following Signs When it proceeds from the Spleen there are frequent and large evacuations of Wind inflation of the Belly soure Belchings and the like when from the Womb there is stopage of the Courses or Hysterick Fits A Giddiness that is recent and seldom invades and that which is occasioned by external Causes is light and easily Cured that which is inveterate and frequent most commonly ends in the Falling Sickness or Apoplexy CVRE The Cure is much the same with the Falling Sickness which see in the Chapter of the Falling Sickness But when it is small it does not need so large a course of Physick as is requisite for the Cure of the Falling Sickness But those things will be sufficient which I shall here set down First therefore if Blood abounds inject a pretty sharp Glyster and afterwards Bleed then Purge with the following Pills Take of the fetid Pills two Scruples of Resin of Jalap five grains with a sufficient quantity of Galbanum dissolved in Briony Water make seven Pills to be taken in the Morning repeat them Thrice But if the Patient cannot take Pills the following Purging Potion may be given instead of them Take of Gerions decoction six Ounces boil in it of the Fibres of black Hellebore and of Agarick each one Dram and an half strain it and add an Ounce of the Syrup of Roses Solutive and two Drams of Compound Briony Water Make a Potion Afterwards let the Patient use the following Sneesing Powder Take of the Leaves of Marjoram Sage Rosemary dried each half a Dram of the Roots of Pellitory of Spain and white Hellebore each one Scruple of Musk three Grains make a Powder Cupping-glasses with and without Scarification frictions of the extream parts Bleeding from the Hemorrhoidal Veins may be used to cause revulsion Blisters are also of use for derivation Afterwards use such things as are proper to strengthen the Head which you will find in the Chapter of an Epilepsie The Conserves of the Flowers of Marrygolds is counted by some a Specifick for Giddiness CHAP. IV. Of the Falling Sickness THE Falling Sickness in Latin Epilepsia is an universal and violent Convulsion the Fit most commonly comes of a sudden and precipitates in the twinkling of an Eye to the Earth and deprives a Man of Sense and Understanding for they seem rather forcibly thrown down than to fall and that part which first comes to the Ground is most commonly bruised or wounded They gnash with their Teeth foam at the Mouth and often beat their Heads against the Ground their Arms and Legs either become rigid or tossed here or there Some beat their Breasts violently and some cast their Bodies impetuously hither and thither But in most the Belly swells much After some time sometimes sooner sometimes longer the symptoms suddenly cease as if the Tragedy were just ended and then the Sick come to themselves again and are sensible but there remains after the Fit is gone off a pain in the Head and a dulness in their Senses and often a Giddiness The Fits are sometimes wont to come at set times of the day month or year but most commonly according to the greater turns of the year or according to the Conjunctions or opposite Aspects of the Moon or Sun they return more certainly and afflict more violently and sometimes the Fits are uncertain and come as occasion is offered and according to the variety of evident Causes Sometimes they are gentle sometimes violent sometimes though rarely some Signs forewarn the Epileptick person of a Fit before he falls as a dulness of the Head sparkling of Fire before the Eyes Noise in the Ears and the like Sometimes a Convulsion in some outward part as in the Arm or in the Leg or in the Back or in the Hypochondres precedes which rising from thence like a cold Air towards the Head occasions the Fit CVRE You must begin with Purging but if the Sick bear Vomiting well a Vomit must be first given and must be repeated for several months four days before the Full Moon Wine of Squills mixed with fresh Oyl of Sweet Almonds or half a Scruple or a Scruple of Salt of Vitriol may be given to Infants But for grown People and such as are of a strong Constitution the following forms of Medicines may be prescribed Take of Crocus Metallorum or of Mercurius Vitae four or six grains Mercurius dulcis fifteen Grains or a Scruple grind them together upon a Stone mix them with the Pap of a roasted Apple or Conserve of Borrage make a Bolus Or give half an Ounce one Ounce or one Ounce and an half of the infusion of Crocus Metallorum or of Mercurius Vitae made in Spanish Wine according to the Strength of the Sick Or Take of Emetick Tartar four or six grains They that are of a weak Constitution may take a Scruple or half a Dram of Salt of Vitriol and half an hour after let them drink several Pints of Posset-drink and then with a Feather or with the Finger let them provoke themselves to Vomit often The next day after the Vomit unless any thing forbid draw Blood from the Arm or by the Sucking of Leeches from the Hemorrhoidal Veins and the next day after Bleeding give a Purging Medicine which afterwards must be constantly repeated four days before the New Moon Take of Rosin of Jalap half a Scruple of Mercurius dulcis one Scruple of Castor three Grains of Conserve of the Flowers of Peony one Dram make a Bolus to be taken in the Morning Or Take of the Fibres of black Hellebore infused in Vinegar dried and pouder'd half a Dram of Ginger half a Scruple of Salt of Wormwood twelve Grains of Oyl of Ambar two drops make a Pouder give it in the Pulp of a roasted Apple in the Morning Of the days the Sick does not Purge especially at the Seasons of the Moon give Morning and Evening specifick Remedies Take of the Roots of male Peony dried and poudered one two or three Drams give it twice a day in the following tincture at eight in the Morning and at four in the Afternoon Take of the Leaves of Misleto of the Oak two Drams of the Roots of Peony cut half an Ounce of Castor one Dram put them into a Glass and pour upon them of Bettony Water or of simple Peony Water and of White Wine each a Pint of Salt of Misleto of the Oak or of Common Salt two Drams Digest them in a close Vessel in the heat of Sand for two days Give three Ounces with a Dose of the Powder above prescribed At the same time make a Necklace with Peony Roots sliced and hang it about the Neck and the Roots fried or boiled till they are soft may be eat daily with the Meat Take of Man's Skull prepared one Ounce of misleto
known by the signs which shew watry Humours heap'd up in the Brain the Medicines above mentioned must be used Moreover for those who bear Purging well a Vomit or gentle Purge must be prescribed Wine and Oxymel of Squills also Mercurius dulcis Rubarb and Rosin of Jalap are of good use when the cause of the Convulsions seems to be lodged in the Bowels or when Worms or sharp Humours in the Belly are the cause For Worms a Purge of Rubarb or of Mercurius dulcis with the Rosin of Jalap must be given and the following Medicines are also of use Take of the Roots of Virginian Snake-weed powdered one Dram of Coral calcined till it is white half a Dram make a Powder The Dose is half a Scruple or a Scruple twice a day for three days following drinking upon it the Decoction of the Roots of Grass Take of Hiera pitra and of Venice-Treacle each one Dram make a Plaister for the Belly If the Convulsions are thought to proceed from sharp Humours disturbing the Bowels or Stomach Purging upward and downward by turns is to be observed to this end a gentle Vomit of Wine of Squills or Salt of Vitriol is to be given Take of Syrup of Peony three Ounces Salt of Vitriol two Scruples of Compound Lavender-water one Dram mingle them give a Spoonful three or four times in an hour till the Child has once Vomited or went to Stool once But if Evacuation downward seem most proper give the Infusion of Rubarb or the Powder of it or Syrup of Succory with Rubarb or Syrup of Roses with Agarick And moreover Glisters are to be used frequently in this case and External Medicines are to be applied to the Belly Take of the leaves of Camomil cut small two handfuls put them into two Bags made of fine Cloth or of Silk which being dip'd in hot Milk and pressed out are to be applied successively to the Belly CHAP. VI. Of the Night-Mare or Incubus IT is commonly supposed by the ordinary sort of People that this Disease is occasioned by the Devil or an Evil Spirit 's lying upon their Stomachs which perhaps may be so sometimes but it also comes from meer Natural Causes as is supposed though what those are or where the Morbisick Matter is placed is not known when it is thought to come from Natural Causes the Cure is to be undertaken in the following manner Bleeding and gentle Purging is first to be used and afterward things proper for the Head as Powders of Ambar Coral Pearls the Roots of Male-peony Dittany of Crete Contra yerva and other things prescribed in the Chapter of the Apoplexy and the like But an orderly Diet is first to be prescribed windy Meats and such as are hard of Digestion are to be avoided and Sleep must not be indulged after Eating or Study and large and late Suppers and lying on the Back must be forbid Infants and Children are often troubled with this Disease the sign whereof is their starting in their Sleep and crying out violently and after they have had these Fits often they fall into Convulsions wherefore a right Method of Cure ought to be administred as soon as they seem to be disordered in their Sleep Inquiry must be made concerning the Milk they Suck whether it be good or not and whether it agrees with their Stomachs after they have Sucked plentifully they must not be suffered to sleep the Nurse must use an orderly Diet and let her take also Morning and Evening a Dose of a Powder or Electuary that is proper for the Head drinking upon it a Draught of Posset-drink wherein the Leaves of Sage or Bettany or the Roots or Seeds of Peony have been boiled Let the Infant take twice a day a Spoonful of Black-Cherry-water let an Issue be made in the Neck and let it lye sometimes on one side sometimes on the other and seldom or never upon the Back And Coral or the Seeds of Male-peony being hanged about the Neck or upon the Pit of the Stomach may do some good When they start violently often in their Sleep apply a Blister to the Neck or behind the Ears Moreover Morning and Evening daily give half a Scruple of the Powder de Gutteta in a Spoonful of Lime-flower-water CHAP. VI. Of Sleepy Diseases Coma Lethargy Carus and Apoplexy THere are four sorts of Preternatural Sleep Coma Lethargy Carus and Apoplexy which because for the most part they proceed from the same Causes and require the same Methods of Cure therefore they shall be treated of together in this Chapter The first and principal cause of these Diseases is a Flegmatick or Watry Humour contained in the Brain contrary to Nature Secondly Sleepy Diseases are wont to be generated by Blood abounding in the Brain and from extravasated Blood stopping or oppressing the Ventricles of the Brain sleepy Disease and especially an Apoplexy is sometimes occasioned Thirdly It is certain that a Comatose Disease proceeds from a Tumor that oppresses the Brain by its weight Fourthly Immoderate Vapors carried to the Head may be the cause of a Sympathetick Coma. Fifthly From the immoderate use of Narcotick Medicines inwardly taken so deep a Sleep is occasioned that many by the imprudent use of Opium have slept their last That Sleepy Diseases are occasioned by Flegmatick Humours stagnating in the Brain is known by a Flegmatick Habit of Body by old Age or Childhood by a cold or moist Season or Country by the Suppression of the Excretion of Flegm by the Mouth and Nostrils and for that the Sick before the coming of this Disease was afflicted with a Dulness of the Head Dimness of Sight and Unaptness for Motion and because in the Disease Flegm flows from the Mouth and Nostrils or falling upon the Throat is frequently swallowed down by the Sick That Blood produces a sleepy Disease is known by a Plethorick Disposition by Redness of the Face and by a Pain in the Head foregoing this Disease That the Sympathetick Disease arises from Vapors elevated to the Brain is known by the absence of those Signs which signifie an Idiopathetick Disease also by the signs of the peculiar disorder of the Parts from whence Vapors are transmitted to the Brain A very thin Diet is to be ordered at the beginning of these Diseases and when the Fit is off the Sick to prevent a Relapse must forbear all strong Liquors and be fed with Barly and Oat-meal Broths or with Chicken Broth and sometimes especially when he Purges with Chickens Lamb and the like When a Physician is first called to a Patient that is seized with a sleepy Disease he must endeavour by all means to rowse him by offering Violence to all his Senses and therefore he must expose his Eyes to the Sun-beams or to a clear Light his Ears must be filled with violent Noises and Clamours and the Sick must be sure to be called aloud by his own name sharp things are to be blown up his Nostrils the Sense of Touching
Cause which is a cold intemperies of the Brain To which end the following Remedies must be used Take of the Roots of Cyperus Florentine Orris Angelica Zedoary Elecompane each one Ounce of the Leaves of Bettony Marjoram Balm Peniroyal Calaminth each one handful of the Tops of Thym and Sage each half an handful of the Seeds of Anise Sesely and Fennel each three Drams of Liquorish rasped of Raisins of the Sun cleansed each one Ounce of the Leaves of Senna cleansed and sprinkled with Aqua Vitae two Ounces of the Seeds of Carthamus bruised and of fresh Polypody of the Oak each one Ounce of Agarick newly trochiscated of Turbith and Hermodactil's each three Drams of Ginger and Cloves each one Dram of the Flowers of Staechas of Rosemary Sage and Lavender each one pugil boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water to a Pint dissolve in it four Ounces of White Sugar clarifie it and aromatize it with two Drams of Cinnamon and make an Apozem for four Doses to be taken in a Morning In the first and last Dose dissolve three Drams of Diaphaenicon Or Take of the Mass of Pill Cochiae Minor two Scruples moisten them with Bettony Water make five or six Pills guild them and let him take them early in the Morning The Pills of Agarick and of Cochiae major are used for the same purpose Take of Gujacum and of Sarsaparilla each two Ounces infuse them twenty four hours in two Quarts of Fountain Water over hot Ashes then boil them over a gentle fire to the consumption of half strain it give half a Pint hot in the Morning and cover the Sick well that they may Sweat The use of this may be continued for fifteen or twenty days or longer In the use of Sudorifick Decoctions this is always to be observed viz. let some Purging Medicine be given once a Week omitting for that day the Sudorifick Potion Sneezing Apoplegmatisms Blisters Head Powders and Baths are also used After the use of the Diet Drink give the following Pills once a Week Take of the faetid Pill Coch. Minor each half a Dram Troches of Alhandal four Grains mingle them and make Pills to be taken in the Morning But because the Humour wants preparation before every Purge therefore two or three days before every Dose of the Pills give three or four Ounces of the following Water in the Morning two hours before Eating Take of Gujacum four Ounces of the Bark of the same one Ounce of Sarsaparilla one Ounce and an half of China one Ounce of Sassafras six Drams of Wood of Aloes and of Galingal each one Dram and an half of the Roots of Angelica Peony and Fennel each three Drams and an half of the Seeds of Peony two Drams infuse them twenty four hours in six Pints of Fountain Water and two Quarts of White Wine Afterwards add the Leaves of Bettony ground Pine Sage each one handful of the Flowers of the Lime-tree Primrose Staechas and Rosemary each two Pugils of Lavender Flowers one Pugil of Old Venice Treacle half an Ounce of the Seeds and Bark of Citron each two Drams and an half of Polypody half an Ounce of Cinnamon six Drams distil them in a Bath to two Pints and an half of the Liquor add four Ounces of Penids If the Purges abovementioned are not successful it will be convenient to give Chymical Vomits as Vinum Benedictum and the like if the Sick is able to bear them After general Evacuation we must use Topicks both to the Paralytick part to recall the Heat and Spirits and to the Spinal Marrow where for the most part resides the Cause of the Disease therefore let the part affected be rubbed daily gently with hot Cloaths and let Cupping Glasses be applied to the Heads of the Muscles of the part affected let them have a narrow Mouth and much Flame But they must not be kept on long lest what is attracted should be dissipated Afterwards apply a Plaister of Pitch and Rosin of the Pine that what is attracted may be kept in All the Paralytick part may be Stung gently with Nettles Afterwards the part affected may be anointed with proper Oils Ointments and Balsams The following Ointment is very good in this case Take of the Juice of Squills four Ounces of the Juice of Wild Cucumber and of the Juice of Rue each one Ounce of Euphorbium Castor Sagapenum Ammoniacum Bdellium dissolved all in Vinegar each one Dram and an half of Myrrh Frankincense Pellitory of Spain Niter each one Dram of Oils of Elder Turpentine and of Euphorbium each half an Ounce of Wax a sufficient quantity to make an Ointment After the anointing the part wrap it about with hot Cloaths If the Disease goes not off by these means Plaisters are to be applied to the Spine of the Back the following is of excellent use for this purpose Take of Ship-pitch Galbanum Sagapenum and Gum Ammoniack each one Ounce of the Roots of Pellitory of Spain and of Mustard Seed each half an Ounce of Euphorbium two Drams of Yellow Wax three Drams of Oyl of Turpentine a sufficient quantity make a Plaister It is also very good to Sweat the Part affected by the Vapours from a Decoction of Cephalick Herbs and Roots made in White Wine but the Decoction must not touch the Part. A Decoction of the Roots of Burdock is also much commended in this Case These sorts of Baths are to be used twice or thrice a Week and after Bathing you must put the Sick to Bed and give him a Dram of Venice Treacle The green Leaves of Tobacco infused in Malago Wine and the Parts bathed with it after Sweating is reckoned the best outward Remedy for a Palsie But lastly the Bath Waters are best if the Sick drink of them some days Bath and Wash the Head with them and afterwards rub the Parts with the Infusion of Tobacco Leaves The Paralytick Parts must be always kept warm If it can be with the Skins of Foxes Hares or Lambs CHAP. X. Of a Convulsion A Convulsion in Latin Spasmus is an involuntary and perpetual Retraction of the Nerves and Muscles towards their Original It is twofold one properly so called to which the Definition above mentioned agrees the other is rather a Convulsive Motion and they are thus distinguished In a true Convulsion the retraction of the Muscle is continual and the Member immoveable In a Convulsive Motion the Member is variously agitated as in the Falling-sickness They also differ in their Causes for a true Convulsion proceeds from fulness or emptiness a Convulsive Motion from Irritation A true Convulsion is divided into universal and particular an universal takes its rise either from the Brain and then the Muscles of the Face are also seised with Convulsions or it arises from the beginning of the Spinal Marrow then the Muscles of the Head or those that move the Spine forward or backward are seised with Convulsions Upon which account there are three sorts
Eyes for those that have such Eyes are subject to Suffusions for prominent Eyes are wont to be large and so fitter to receive Humours and Vapours Some external Causes also occasion weakness as a Blow Contusion Bathing a Southerly and Rainy Season long continuing in the Sun Smoak hard Reading especially by a Candle which occasions a Fluxion of Humours upon the Eyes The differences of Suffusions arise from the thickness quantity or place where the Humour resides that occasions them By reason of the greater or lesser thickness the Obstruction of the Sight is more or less for if the Humour be thin and serous the Sight is but little obstructed if very thick blindness is occasion'd By reason of the quantity and place the Humour possesses either all the Pupil and then the Sight is equally obstructed which way soever it is directed to the Objects or it covers one part of the Pupil more than another and the Objects are not seen whole by looking directly nor many at one time But if the Humour be very small and is seated in the middle of the Pupil the Objects appear as if there were holes in them But if the Matter be torn into various Corpuscles seated in various Parts of the Pupil the appearance of Gnats is always before the Eyes Also Hair Cobwebs Circles about a Candle and many other things The Diagnostick of this Disease is first to be directed to a legitimate Suffusion to distinguish it from a spurious afterwards the various Sorts of a legitimate Suffusion are to be enquired into A true Suffusion seizes only one of the Eyes most commonly or if both not at the same time nor alike which happens in a Bastard Suffusion Secondly in a legitimate Suffusion something dark appears in the Pupil which is not in a Spurious but this Sign is not constant for if the Suffusion be generated from a thin and serous Humour there is no change in the Eye that Humour being scarce thicker than the watery Humour upon which account Physicians mistake it for a Gutta Serena But this Suffusion is easily distinguished from a Gutta Serena for in a Gutta Serena the Sight is wholly taken away or much diminished no fault appearing in the Eye But in a Suffusion which does not appear to the Sight the Sick can see tolerably well because the serous Humour from whence it is produced is thin and clear so that the species of the Objects can pass through it like Glass and then in a Suffulsion the Sight is not for the most part obstructed in althe Parts of the Pupil but the Objects are sometimes seen best when they are placed directly opposite to the Eye and sometimes when they are placed towards the Corner because most commonly there is a greater thickness or thinness in one part of the Pupil than in another Thirdly In a true Suffusion the Symptoms are continual but in a Bastard Suffusion they are encreased or lessened by intervals as the Vapours rise more or less to the Head and so when the Stomach is empty they are much less than when it is full for then a greater quantity of Vapours arise from the Head and then the Gnats Cobwebs and the like appear only by intervals Besides in a true Suffusion the Sight seems to pass always through a Cloud or thick Glass which is the proper and Pathognomonick Symptom of it But in a Bastard Suffusion the Sight is sometimes very good CVRE The Cure is easier performed in Summer than in Winter If a Suffusion come upon an acute Fever after a Peripneumonia Frensie or violent Pains of the Head it is very hard to cure A confirm'd Suffusion can be cured only by Couching In a confirm'd Suffusion if having shut the other Eye the Pupil is dilated there is hope of a Cure by Couching otherwise there is none for then the Optick Nerve is obstructed and so the Spirits cannot come to the Pupil A black Suffusion can never be cured and but very rarely a green or yellow A Suffusion which represents the Objects by holes is not to be Couched Couching succeeds best when the Eye is full and at its natural bigness for if it be withered and small it will not succeed This Operation must not be attempted in old Age or in Child-hood nor when the Eye being pressed with the Finger the Suffusion appears broader and then returns to its wonted bigness and shape for then it is not ripe But if being pressed with the Finger it does not alter its shape it may be Couched When it is ripe it is like a thin Skin and may be wrapped round the Needle and thrust to the lower Part of the Eye The Cure of a Suffusion is not to be directed only to the conjunct Cause but also to the antecedent and therefore the whole Body especially the Brain must be first well Purged afterwards the Humour obstructing the Pupil must be difcussed or removed some other way Which Indications being the same in a manner as were proposed for the Cure of a Gutta Serena may be sought for there Therefore all that Cure being premised which was instituted for a Gutta Serena we must proceed to those Remedies which respect peculiarly the taking off the Matter that is seated near the Pupil and though Topical Remedies may seem not to do much good yet a due use of them is not to be rejected for experience teaches that incipient Suffusions have been cured by Topical Remedies when they have been used after general Evacuations First therefore you must begin with gentle Resolvents which must not dry too much lest the Matter of the Suffusions should be hardned and so rendred unfit for Resolution and Emollients are therefore to be mixed with the Resolvents to prevent the hardening of the Matter and to render the resolving of it more easie to which end the following Fomentation may be used at the beginning Take of the Leaves of Rue Fennel Eyebright and the greater Celandine each one handful of the Seeds of Foenugreek one ounce of the Flowers of Camomil and Melilot each one pugil boil them in three parts of Fountain Water and one of Wine added at the end Strain it and foment the Eyes with it with a soft Spunge Morning and Evening and the Head being covered the Steam of the Decoction may be received into the Eyes At the very beginning of the Disease when the Fluxion is beginning and when Medicines are used for Revulsion it will be proper to foment the Eyes with Red Wine to hinder the Fluxion In the Progress of the Disease a Fomentation of White Wine wherein Crocus Metallorum has been infused is very beneficial and the Breath of a Child having first chewed Fennel-seeds received into the Eyes and a Child or a Whelp licking the Eyes in the Morning is also good and Bread hot out of the Oven mixed with Fennel-seeds held to the Eyes till they are moist with the Vapour of it The foresaid Remedies must be used in the
Morning chiefly At Night apply the following Cataplasm Take of the Flower of Foenugreek-seed one ounce of Aloes half an ounce of Saffron one dram make a fine Powder mix it with White Wine wherein Crocus Metallorum has been infused make a Cataplasm to be applied hot at Bed time Many commend Pidgeons Blood dropped hot into the Eye but because the heat of it soon goes off it were better to apply a young Pidgeon before it has Feathers cut in the middle to the Eye The Suffusion being cured either by Resolving Medicines or by Chirurgical Operation care must be taken to preserve the Eyes for the Eyes being much weakned by the Disease are ready to receive Fluxions therefore Purging is to be used frequently and Issues are to be made to turn the Humours and such strengthening things are to be used as were proposed in a Gutta Serena and the Eyes must be washed in the Morning with Wine held in the Mouth till it is warm and mixed with Sage chewed in the Mouth Moreover Spectacles that represent the Objects neither greater nor lesser than they are preserve the Sight much Lastly all those things are to be avoided which injure the Sight and such as help it are to be used CHAP. XVIII Of the Dilatation of the Pupil THE Vvea Tunica is subject to many Diseases especially Rupture Distortion Dilatation and Constriction A Rupture may be occasioned by an external Cause as by a Bruise or the like or by an internal namely by a great quantity of Humours extending or breaking it But this can never be cured by Art the distorting of it happens from the first Conformation when it sticks on every side to the horny Tunick and this also can never be cured The Dilatation of the Pupil which is the hole of the Vvea Tunica through which the Species of the Objects enter the Eye injures the Sight for that the Light enters in too great quantity upon which account such as are troubled with a Dilatation of the Pupil see better where there is a little Light than where there is a great deal and this shews the natural and the ordinary changes of the Pupil which happen according to the more or less Light of the place we are in for in a very light place the Pupil is contracted and this is the Reason that when we come out of a very light Place into another that is more obscure we can at first scarce see any thing till the Pupil is gradually dilated to receive more light and then things that could not be seen at first plainly appear and on the contrary they that come put of a dark place into a very light place can scarce bear the Light The preternatural Dilatation of the Pupil is either from the Birth or arises from preternatural adventitious Causes which are either internal or external The next and immediate of the Internals is Extension of the Tunica Vvea which is either from driness or repletion driness stretches the Vvea and renders the hole of the Pupil larger as holes in Leather are larger when they are dry This dry Intemperies is occasioned by long Watchings by Fevers and other drying Causes The Repletion of the Tunica Vvea it being extended on every side renders the Pupil larger and this is produced either by Wind or Vapours or by Humours flowing upon the Eye or by the watery Humour encreased above measure and lastly from a Swelling of the Tunica Vva To these Causes may be added a Convulsion of the Tunick which chiefly appears in Fits of the Falling Sickness and in Chldrens Convulsions The external Causes are a Fall a violent Shaking holding of the breath in Women in Travail and in Trumpeters The Diagnostick of this Disease is not difficult for the Dilatation of the Pupil may be perceived by the Eyes especially if before the Disease the Physician know the natural largeness of it and also if with the largeness of the Pupil the Sight is obstructed besides the natural largeness of the Pupil is known by shutting one Eye for then the Pupil of the other is more dilated which does not happen in a Dilatation that is a Disease because the Tunica Vvea is so much distended by the preternatural Cause that it can be distended no further As to the Prognostick A Dilatation of the Pupil from the Birth is incurable and that which arises after is difficult to Cure especially if Driness be the Cause CVRE The Cure is to be varied according to the variety of the Causes and if it come from Driness the whole Body must be refreshed with moistning Medicines and Nourishment such as is used in Hectick Fevers the Body is also to be moistned with a Bath of hot Water and new Milk if it be also frequently drop'd into the Eyes especially Womens Milk If it proceed from an Humour that fills the Eye the-whole Body is to be Evacuated and presently the Hu +mour wherewith the Eye is stopped must be discussed which may be sufficiently performed by the Remedies prescribed in the Cure of a Suffusion But after them Astringents may be used to contract the Pupil of the Eye to which end the following Collyrium may be used Take of Red Roses dried two scruples of Saffron Spikenard and the Bark of Frankinâ—ense each half a scruple of Tutty prepared Spodium Acacia each one scruple reduce them to a Powder and tie it up in a fine Rag and infuse it in three ounces of Rose-water Drop the Water in the Eyes often and press the Rag every time you use the Water If it proceed from Wind after general Evacuations those Medicines are to be used which expel Wind and the Eyes may be fomented with a Decoction of Fennel Rue Dill Red Roses and Myrtles made in Rose-water and a fourth part of White Wine Lastly if it be occasioned by a Bruise it must be cured like an Ophthalma if there be an Inflammation but if there be no Inflammation apply at the beginning a Cataplasm made of Bean Flower the Leaves of Plantane Red Roses and Rose-water But afterwards Pidgeons Blood must be often drop'd into the Eye which is an excellent Remedy for all Wounds and Bruises of the Eyes CHAP. XIX Of the Narrowness of the Pupil THE Narrowness of the Pupil is also injurious to the Sight It is either narrow from the Birth and then it is no great Injury for though they cannot see so well as others in a Place where there is not much light yet they see better in a very light Place or the Narrowness of the Pupil is occasioned by preternatural Causes as from too great moisture or driness from a Defect in the Watery Humour or for want of Spirits The Cure of this Disease is the same with the former though they produce different Effects CHAP. XX. Of an Albugo Spot and other Colours of the Cornea changed THE natural Constitution of the Cornea is altered when it loses its Perspicuity or changed into another Colour It loses its
clearness when it grows thick by driness which often happens in old People and is never to be cured Or it is thickned by gross Humours stuff'd into it which frequently happens in an Ophthalmia when by reason of too great an use of Resolvent Remedies the thinner Parts of the Humours are discussed the thick remaining behind Or when by cooling Medicines used too often the Humours are thickned and then the Horny Tunick is not only thicker in that Part where the Humour is impacted but it also turns white and is called Leucoma or Albugo but such a Disease is also occasioned by the Cicatrix of a Wound whereby the Cornea is rendred thicker and loses its clearness There are several sorts of it as it is more or less thick one only possesses the Superficies of the Cornea another is seated deep and penetrates the whole Cornea one is greater and possesses the whole Pupil or the greatest Part of it another is small and covers only a small Part of the Pupil and then it is called a Spot The Cornea is also infected with a different Colour when Blood is poured off upon it and then it is called Suggillatio and then all the Objects appear red or when Choler insinuates it self into it which often happens in the Jaundice and then the Objects appear yellow Those Diseases do not want peculiar Diagnosticks because they are apparent As to the Prognosticks An Albugo which proceeds from Flegm or from a gross Humour remaining after an Ophthalmia is easily cured if it be not inveterate But that which is occasioned by a Cicatrix is very difficultly cured because Parts of exquisite Sense can scarce bear such sharp Remedies as are necessary to take off the Cicatrix The Cure of an Albugo occasioned by Flegmatick Humours concreted in the Cornea must be performed by emollient discutient and attenuating Medicines But universal Remedies mush be premised which carry off the antecedent Cause and prevent a new influx of Humours such are set down in the Cure of a Suffusion and Gutta Serena afterwards a Fomentation is to be applied with soft Spunges to mollifie the concreted Matter made of the Decoction of Foenugreek Melilot Celandine and Fennel or the Vapour of this Decoction may be received into the Eyes Presently after discussing Remedies are to be used such as are prescibed for the Cure of a Suffusion and attenuating Eye Medicines and such as resolve the Humour impacted in the Eye especially such as are made of Honey distilled are to be used for the Water of distilled Honey is very good to take out Spots from the Eyes if the use of it be long continued Sugar-Candy dissolved in Eyebright Celandine or Fennel-water is also good and let the Eye be often licked with a Boy 's or Girl 's Tongue they having first chewed Fennel in their Mouths Amatus Lusitanus says that he cured a Girl of twelve Years of Age that had thick Clouds in her Eyes with the following Collyrium having first used the Decoction Sarsa for three Weeks Take two Pound of Honey in the Comb of the Tops of Fennel of the Flowers of Elder and Eyebright each two Pugils of Sugar-Candy two ounces distil them in a Bath and drop the Water into the Eyes The Juice of Fennel fresh drawn with one drop of Peruvian Balsam in it discusses powerfully an Albugo the Oil of burnt Rags mixt with the Spittle of a Boy being applied with a Feather is also good This Oil is drawn by firing a Rag and extinguishing it between two Platters when it is cold the drops of Oil will stick to the Platter But an Albugo or a Spot occasioned by a Cicatrix is cured by those Remedies which mollifie attenuate and dissolve but because those things that take off the Cicatrix are Acrimonious the greater care ought to be taken that universal Evacuations and Revulsions are first used lest Humours should flow to the Part afterwards it will be convenient to use such Fomentations which are mentioned above and then discutient and abstersive Remedies are to be applied First those that are gentle especially the Compound Water of Honey above described But afterwards stronger as the Galls of Fish of the Pike and the like Also of other Animals as of the Partridge Cock Goose Bull and the like also the Juices of the greater Celandine the lesser Centaury Brooklime and the like which are to be mixed with Honey both because the Honey is discutient and abstersive also because Liquors drop'd into the Eye run presently to the Corners and will not stay upon the Pupil upon which they ought to work but when they are mixed with Honey they easily stick to it but by reason of their sharpness the foresaid Juices or Galls may be thickned with the Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth Psyllium or Quinces extracted in Penny-royal or Eye-bright Water the form of a Collyrium with Juices may be such as follows Take of the Juice of Fennel Celandine and Brook-lime each three Drams of the Juice of the lesser Centaury half an ounce of white Honey one ounce mingle them like a Liniment if with the Albugo there is a redness of the Eyes the Collyrium made of White Wine Salt and Wheat described in the Chapter of an Ophthalmia is good or the following may be used Take of Aloes and Agarick each one scruple powder them and tie them up in a Rag and infuse them in Eye-bright or Fennel-water and rub the Eyes with it Morning and Evening The Aloes cleanses strengthens and stops Fluxions and the Agarick is very abstersive Suggilatio or the red Colour of the Eyes occasioned by Blood pour'd upon them if it be fresh may be easily cured by dropping Pidgeons Blood into the Eyes or for want of it Womans Milk with a little Frankincense and Saffron or the Yolk of an Egg with Wine may be used But if the Disease be obstinate the Eye must be fomented with a Decoction of Foenugreek Marsh mallows Fennel Rue and Celandine or the Steam of the Decoction may be received into the Eyes Lastly all those things that we prescribed for a Suffusion are proper for the Cure of this Disease But when the Disease is inveterate and when that which was red begins to turn black the Tops of Hyssop wrap'd in a Rag and dipp'd in boiling Water and applied to the Eye are particularly recommended by Galen and Experience shews that this Remedy is so very effectual that the Blood is apparently drawn out and sticks to the Rag. Lastly the yellow Colour which appears in the Eyes of those that have the Jaundice goes off of its own accord when the Disease is cured But if you desire to hasten the Dissipation of it the Steam of Vinegar received in the Eyes will do it CHAP. XXI Of an Ophthalmia THE Tunica adnata is so nearly joined to the Cornea that many Diseases possess both Tunicks so an Inflammation of the Eyes though it properly belong to the Tunica adnata yet is very often extended
it self it is called Oegylops and Anchylops Anchylops before it is broken But Oegylops after it is broken This Tumor or rather Tubercle is sometimes with an Inflammation and sometimes without when it is accompanied with an Inflammation it is red about and painful and is occasioned by thin and cholerick Blood brought by the Veins of the Temples Forehead and Face to the Part and for the most part degenerates into a sinuous Ulcer and then it is called Fistula Lachrimalis which if it continues a Year occasions a Caries of the Bone which may be known by the Cavity it makes by the stinking Matter and the roughness that is perceived by the Probe This Tubercle also comes without an Inflammation and then it is generated by a gross and viscid Humour that resembles Honey then it is to be reckoned with those Tumors which are called Atheroma Steatoma and Meliceris which are wont to be without Pain The Cure of an Oegylops is very difficult because Medicines can be hardly applied by reason of the nearness of the Eye and because by reason of the softness of the Parts it easily degenerates into a Sinous Ulcer But is yet more difficult to Cure if the Abscess pass through the Nostrils and Matter flow through them because the Bones that are under are most commonly fouled thereby But sometimes an Oegylops is of the Nature of a Cancer which may be known by the pricking pain the swelling of the Veins and the hardness and livid Colour of the Skin and then it is better not to meddle with it for Medicines make it worse and increase the Pain A new Fistula Lachrimalis which hath an outward and plain Orifice is cured by Medicines but that which is deep and inveterate and joined with a Caries of the Bone can scarce be cured without a Cautery The various Seasons of this Disease require different Applications and Remedies and first at the beginning of an Oegylops Revulsion of the Fluxion to the Part must be made by Bleeding and Purging and at the same time repelling Medicines must be applied to the Forehead whereby sometimes the Progress of the Disease is stopp'd and the suppuration hindred To which end the following Cerate may be applied Take of Pomgranate Peel of Acacia Balaustins Cyperus Nuts Roch Allum and Bole Armoniack each one Dram of white Wax four ounces of Turpentine three drams make a Cerate Having used this or the like resolving Medicines are to be applied to the Part for some time as is the following Decoction Take of pure Honey and of Aloes each two ounces of Myrrh one ounce of Saffron one dram and an half of Water a quart boil them with a gentle Fire to the Consumption of half dip a piece of soft Spunge press it a little and apply it hot afterwards bind it on and change it often If the Tumor cannot be dissolved by the foresaid Remedies but tends to Suppuration it must be helped by a Plaister of simple Diachylon or if the Pain and Inflammation be violent a Cataplasm of Crums of Bread may be conveniently applied If the Abscess does not break of its own accord it must be presently opened for otherwise the Matter will corrode the neighbouring Parts and occasion an incurable Fistula The Abscess being opened the Ulcer must be cleansed and cured after the manner of other Ulcers But if it prove obstinate and turn to a Fistula the following Method of Cure must be used And first universal Evacuations as Bleeding and Purging are to be repeated The Fluxion from the Head is to be averted by Cupping-glasses Blisters and Causticks applied to proper Places after which a Decoction of China or Sarsa may be used for a considerable time In the mean time the Brain is to be dried by Suffumigations Cephalick Powders and other Medicines proposed in the Chapter of a Catarrh In place of an Issue a Seton may be put in the Neck by which alone a Fistula Lachrimalis was cured according to the Relation of Fabritius Hildanus In using of Topicks the Orifice of the Ulcer is to be opened and dilated slowly and by degrees by a Tent made of the Pith of Elder prepared Spunge or the Root of Gentian The Ulcer being sufficiently opened the following Medicines may be used Take of common Hony two ounces Verdigrease one dram Water of Rue four ounces the Verdigrease being powdered boil them altogether to the Consumption of the third part The strained Liquor warm may be put into the Eye by a Syringe solftly This Remedy is to be continued for three Weeks putting upon the Ulcer a convenient Plaister and defending the Eye by washing it with Rose-water The Ulcer being sufficiently cleansed the following Collyrium may be used to Incarnate and Cicatrize Take of Frankincense Sarcocol Aloes Dragons Blood Balaustins Allum Antimony each one dram Verdigrease five grains powder them all finely and with a sufficient quantity of Rue-water make a liquid Collyrium to be drop'd into the Eye thrice a day and also the Tent may be dipp'd in it and after it is put in the Ulcer a Plaister of Diapalma may be put over it If there be a Caries in the Bone it can only be cured by an actual Cautery the manner of applying it is exactly described by Paraeus Fallopius and Aquapendens CHAP. XXIX Of Rhyas and Encanthis TO a Fistula Lachrimalis ordinarily succeeds another Distemper which is called Rhyas which is the Consumption of the Caruncle of the greater Angle of the Eye whereby it becomes larger It is also produced by other Causes as by sharp Humours falling upon and corroding the Part or by cleansing Medicines which are used to Cure the Fistula Lachrimalis To a Rhyas is opposed an Encanthis which is the immoderate growing and standing out of the above-named Caruncle which is occasion'd by the too great abundance of Blood falling upon the Part or from an Ulcer of that Part not timely dried up A Rhyas is cured by Consolidating and Sarcotick Medicines such are the following Take of Red Roses one pugil Cyperus Nuts Myrtles each two drams Aloes a dram and an half rough Wine one pint boil them to the Consumption of the fourth part Wash the affected Part with this Wine often Or Take of Aloes Frankincense each one dram Dragons Blood half a dram of Red Roses and berries of Sumach each one scruple Rosewater a pound boil them to the Consumption of a fourth part make it in the form of a Collyrium An Encanthis is cured by taking away the superfluous Flesh that grows in the Corner of the Eye which is performed by Medicines which eat away proud Flesh beginning with the more moderate and proceeding to those that are more powerful Therefore burnt Allum is to be first applied and if that be not effectual Vnguentum Apostolorum Aegyptiacum or Vitriol burnt is to be used But if these be not sufficient the Caruncle is to be cut off or consumed with an actual Cautery In taking off the Canruncle care must be taken
that it be not altogether taken away lest the contrary Distemper viz. a Rhyas be produced CHAP. XXX Of an Epiphora BY the Name of an Epiphora in general a flux of Humours into any part whatsoever is understood Nevertheless it is most commonly taken for the flux of a thin Humour from the Eyes which is also called involuntary Tears which use to flow from the Corners of the Eyes continually To the Production of these Tears which preternaturally flow from the Eyes the ill disposition both of the part sending and the part receiving do concurr The part which sends is the Brain which being affected with a cold or hot Intemperies generates watery Humours and sends them to the inferior Parts which are fit to receive them The recipient Part is the gland by the greater Corner of the Eye and the Caruncle placed above the same Corner The thinness or thickness of which Parts or any other weakness is the Cause why they so easily receive the Humouts that flow into them This Humour is carried from the Brain into the Corners of the Eyes sometimes by the internal Veins and sometimes by the external The Humour causing an Epiphora is sometimes cold and then it produces no other Inconvenience to the Sick but the troublesomness of the Fluxion But sometimes it is accompanied with Saltness and Sharpness and then it produces Pain Redness and also the Exulceration of the Eye-lids As to the Prognostick A new Epiphora occasioned by external Causes is easily cured especially in those that are Young When it is of long continuance and in an old Person it is very hard to be cured That which proceeds from other Distempers as from an Oegylops Fistula Lachrimalis and the like altogether depends upon the Cure of those Diseases The Cure of this Disease consists in taking away of the Fluxion and in strengthening the recipient Part. The Fluxion is to be removed by Evacuation Revulsion and Derivation of the Peccant Humour and the strengthening of the Part from which it is transmitted The Peccant or Serous Humour abounding in the Brain is evacuated by Bleeding and Purging Bleeding in a cold Intemperies of the Brain is not proper unless there appears manifest Signs of a Plethora But in a hot Intemperies when the Humours are sharp Bleeding is very proper and may be repeated twice or thrice if it be needful Such Purging Medicines must be used as agree with the Nature of the Patient Revulsion of the Humour must be made by Cupping-Glasses applied to the Shoulders often by Blisters frequently applied to the Neck or by Issues in the hinder Part of the Head or in the Arms. Forestus says when the Disease is obstinate a Blister applied to the forepart of the Head does much good For Derivation Leeches applied behind the Ears are proper and Masticatories used in a Morning And least the Humours once evacuated should be generated again the Brain must be strengthened and dried and if it be of a cold Intemperies such things must be used as are proper to correct it if of a hot such coolling Medicines must be used as peculiarly respect the Head And whilst the foresaid Remedies are in use Topical Remedies must be applied to the Part receiving and first if the Humour flows by the external Veins astringents must be applied to the Forehead and Temples and if the Fluxion proceed from an hot an acrid Humour the following Cataplasm must be applied Take of Bole Armenic Dragons Blood Balaustines and of Myrtles each one dram and an half of Acacia and Hypocistis each one dram of Frankincense and Mastich each two scruples of red Roses one pugil pouder them and mix them with the white of an Egg and a little Vinegar make a Cataplasm wrap it in a Rag and apply it to the foresaid Parts and when 't is dry renew it If it be occasioned by a cold Humour the following Cerate must be applied Take of Frankincense and Mastick each one dram and an half of Gum Anime Tacamahacca and Blood-stone each one dram of Gum Juniper two scruples of Turpentine and Wax a sufficient quantity make a Cerate But to the part affected astringent and drying Collyria must be applied made in the following manner Take of Tutty prepared one dram of Sarcocol moistned half a dram of Frankincense and Mastich each half a scruple of Spikenard grains six make Troches mix them with the White of an Egg and Juice of Quinces and apply them to the Corner of the Eye Or Take of Aloes Cypress Nuts Frankincense Mastich Myrrh each two drams of prepared Tutty Sarcocol moistned each one dram and an half of Dragons Blood Barberries Summach Red Roses each one scruple powder them finely and mix them with Fennel-water and make a Collyrium When the Fluxion is hot the following is best Take of white Troches of Rhasis without Opium of Sarcocol moistned of Acacia and Olibanum each one dram of the Stones of Myrobalans burn'd of white and red Coral each half a dram of Pearls half a scruple of the Juice of Pomgranates boil'd half away a sufficient quantity Make a Collyrium If redness of the Eyes accompanies an Epiphora the following is proper Take of grains of Sumach bruised one scruple of Plantane-water one ounce infuse them for some time then press then out hard and add of Rose-water and Eye-bright-water and of the White of an Egg well beaten each half an ounce of Sugar-Candy finely powder'd one scruple Make a Collyrium CHAP. XXXI Of the Disease of the Eye called Unguis Oculorum IT is a hard and nervous Membrane that arises from the greater Angle of the Eye it first covers the White of the Eye and then the Black and the whole Pupil and so it hinders Sight Sometimes it is thin and white and sometimes fleshy and consists of many bloody Veins This Disease arises from an Ulcer of the Flesh in the Angle of the Eye upon which account an inequality arises in the part which in time grows to this covering It is difficultly cured for the sharp Medicines that are necessary for taking it off must be used leasurely and by degrees by reason of the exquisite Sense of the Eye When it is of a moderate bigness it may be cured by Medicines but when it hath extended it self to the Black of the Eye and is become inverate it can be cured only by manual Operation When it is thick and hard and of a blackish Colour it is of a Cancerous Nature and can never be cured The Cure must be directed to the antecedent and conjunct Cause With respect to the antecedent Cause such course of Diet must be ordered as hath been propos'd for other Diseases of the Eyes arising from Fluxion Evacuations and Revulsions are also to be used and after sufficient Evacuation such Topicks are to be applied as may consume it beginning with those that are gentle such as are prescribed for taking off Spots but if they are not sufficient stronger must be used Forestus
from a hot Intemperies with a Fluxion oâ— Cholerick Humours first the Humout flowing to thâ— Part must be drawn away by Bleeding whereby also thâ— hot Intemperies of the whole Body may be moderated afterwards the peccant Humour must be evacuated by proper Purgers and afterwards cooling Juleps and Brothâ— Goats Milk Mineral Waters Baths of warm Water and the like must be used and lastly all those things are to be used which are proposed for the Cure of a Head-ach proceeding from a hot Intemperies But the Pain must be asswaged by cooling and anodyn Topicks For the Cure of an Inflammation of the Ear an emollient cooling and loosning Clister must be injected and so much Blood must be taken away as may answer to the fulness of it and to make a sufficient Revulsion of the Humour flowing to the affected Ear the Cephalick Vein opposite to it must be opened and a great quantity of Blood must be taken away at several times and if the Disease seem to arise from a Suppression of the Courses or of the Hemorrhoids the inferior Veins must be opened a good quantity of Blood being first taken from the Arm. And if those Causes are absent the opening of the inferior Veins will make an excellent Revulsion to the most distant Parts to which end Leeches applied to the Anus are also proper Revulsions may be also commodiously made by Frictions and Ligatures of the Arms and Legs and by Cupping-glasses applied to the Shoulders and Back And sometimes Cupping-glasses applied behind the Ears for to make Derivation do much good Zacutus Lusitanus also commends Leeches applied behind the Ears four of a side which he says gave much relief to a certain young Man who was afflicted with a violent Inflammation of the Ear The opening of the Artery of the Temples has also sometimes admirable Success Purging is also very proper in this Disease with Cholagoges afterwards the whole Mass of the Humours is to be attemperated with cooling Juleps made of a Decoction of Lettice Purslain Plantane Sorrel and the like also of the Syrups of Lemons Pomegranates and of red Poppies In the mean time whilst the foresaid Remedies are used Topicks are to be continually applied which must be always anodyn by reason of the Violence of the Pain the Mitigation whereof is principally to be taken care of but at the beginning and increase gentle Repellents are to be mixed with the anodyns at the State and Declination Resolvents are to be mixed with them Take of Womans Milk fresh drawn two ounces of the white of an Egg beat to a Liquor half an ounce mix them and drop it warm into the Ear. Or the Milk alone milk'd into the Ear. Take of the leaves of Plantane and Night-shade each one handful of the flowers of Camomil and Melilot each one Pugil make a Decoction let the Vapour be received into the Ear by a Tunnel Take of Oyls of Violets Water-Lillies and Roses each one Ounce mingle them drop it warm into the Ear. Millepedes infused in the foresaid Oyles and press'd out make an excellent Anodyn for they have an excellent Faculty to ease Pain and for that reason they are used for Pains of the Teeth the Piles and other Pains If the Heat is very violent cooling Juices are to be mixed with the foresaid Oyls in the following manner Take of Oyl of Water-Lillies and Oyl of Roses each one ounce of the Juice of Night-shade and Plantane each half an ounce mingle them and drop it into the Ear. Oxyrrhodinum is used by many Practitioners made of Oyl of Roses two parts and one part of Vinegar but it may be suspected as may be also all other things which repel powerfully for there is danger least the Humour should flow back upon the Brain and it is a general Precept always to be observed not to apply strong Repellents in Inflammations that are near noble parts but gentle Repellents may be mixed with Loosening and Anodyn things for so the Fluxion may be moderately suppressed and not driven far back But in violent Pains we are forced to use Narcoticks but they must be used rarely and with great caution for they are offensive to the Head I know a Person says Galen who lost his Speech and Sense by the use of Opium nor could he be restored by any Medicines But if there be absolute Necessity they may be prescribed in the following manner Take of the Oyl of the Seeds of Poppies one ounce and an half of Camphor and Opium each two grains mingle them and drop them into the Ear. Or Take of Oyl of Sweet-Almonds two ounces of the Juice of Mallows half an ounce of Myrrh half a dram of Saffron half a scruple of Opium three or four grains mingle them use it as above In the Application of Topicks the Precept of Galen must be carefully observed viz. That the inflamed Ear be not touched but Medicines must be dropt into the Ear by a Probe wrapt round with the softest Wool dipt in the Medicines and the Sick must be ask'd whether it be warm and whether he can bear it any hotter and you must drop it in as hot as he can bear it the Probe must be dipt in the Medicine and applied gently to the passage of the Ear that it may flow into it you must continue doing of it till the passage is full and then apply over it to the mouth of the passage and over all the Ear Wool dipt in the Medicine At the state of the Disease Oyls gently resolving are to be mixed with Anodyns in the following manner Take of the Oyls of Camomil Sweet-Almonds and Violets each one ounce Oyl of Lillies half an ounce mix them But Fomentations and Fumes resolve more powerfully which may be prepared of the following Decoction Take of roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce of the leaves of Mallows Nightshade and St. Johns Wort each an handful of the Seeds of Flax half an ounce of the Seeds of Mallows Marsh-mallows white Poppies each two drams of the flowers of Camomil Dill and Roses each one Pugil make a Decoction in Water or Milk for a Fomentation or Fume The Water drawn from Ash-sticks being dropt into the Ear eases the pain wonderfully it is drawn by burning green sticks in the Fire it drops from the ends of them If the Tumor cannot be resolved but tends to Suppuration which may be known by the increase of the pain a great Pulsation and a violent Feaver Nature must be furthered in her Motion and the following Cataplasm must be applied Take of Crums of white Bread one pound boil them in Milk to the consistence of a Poultis then add the yolks of Eggs number two of Oyl of Roses two ounces of Saffron one scruple make a Cataplasm Or Take one Onyon fresh Butter two Ounces Oyl of Camomil and Roses each one ounce of Saffron one scruple make a Cataplasm which must be applied moderately hot to the part When the Abscess is broken and the
Matter comes out through the Membrane of the Ear either rarified or corroded then the Sick should lye on the Ear affected that the Matter may flow out easily and such things should be dropt into the Ear as may wash and cleanse it Take of the Decoction of Barly four ounces of Honey of Roses one ounce mingle them drop it warm into the Ear. If the Ulcer be generated by Acrimony of Matter it requires a peculiar Cure which may also be used for an Ulcer arising from Fluxion of Humours And first according to the Opinion of Galen Topical Medicines must not be applied to any Member before the whole Body is purged wherefore Evacuation by Bleeding and Purging being administred agreeable to the Nature and Constitution of the Patient and repeated through the whole course of the Cure as often as there is occasion drying and astringent Topicks may be used beginning with the Mild and proceeding to Stronger by degrees For instance Take of the best Honey and of old White-wine each three ounces boil them till all the Scum rises drop it into the Ear afterwards stop the Ear with Cotton dipt in the same Liquor when you would have the Medicine stronger mix the Juice of Horehound Smallage Wormwood the lesser Centaury or of Sow-bread with Honey boil them gently and drop them into the Ear. Or Take of the Juice of Beets one ounce of Horehonnd half 〈◊〉 ounce of the best Honey six drams boil them a little afterwards add two drams of Syrup of Wormwood mingle them You may make a stronger Medicine in the following manner Take of the Juice of Sow-bread one ounce of Myrrh on◠ounce of Saffron half a scruple of Frankincense one scruple of Verdigrease half a scruple of old Wine one ounce an◠an half boil them till the Wine is consumed drop th◠Liquor into the Ear twice or thrice a day Note Before any Liquor is dropt in the Ear must be well cleansed with warm Hydromel a Probe wrap◠round with a Cotton being dipt in the Liquor and used for that purpose The Ulcer being well cleansed it must be cicatrized by Epulotick Medicines used in the following manner Take of round Birthwort of the bark of Pomegranates and of Galls each half an ounce boil them in equal parts of Wine and Smith's-water to half a pint strain it and add to it of the Juice of Plantane and Knot-grass each one ounce of Honey of Roses two drams mingle them and drop it into the Ear or drop into the Ear burnt Allum mixed with the Wine for it is very drying If the Ulcer be very obstinate and has continued a long while it is certainly promoted by Fluxion which therefore you must endeavour to remove by Purging and a Diet-drink of Gujacum or Sarsaparilla by Errhins Masticatories Issues and by other Remedies that divert the Fluxion If Pain arise by reason of the Sharpness of the Remedies Oyl of Sweet or Bitter Almonds with Myrrh Aloes and Saffron must be dropt into the Ear If the Pain be violent a little Opium must be mixed with them or the Oyl of the Yolks of Eggs beat in a leaden Mortar may be used If the Ulcer be very Sordid Aegyptiacum must be mixed with the foresaid Juices If the Pain of the Ear be occasioned by something thrust into the Ear you must endeavour to draw it out by wrapping Wool upon a Probe dipt in Turpentine or made glutinous by Rosin or some other Gum But if this will not do warm Oyl must be often dropt into the Ear to relax it and to Lubricate the Matter contained in it and so it may the easier be drawn out and Sneesing-powder must be given and these things must be used continually till the Sick is freed for if any thing remain long in the Ear an Inflammation will arise and afterwards it will be much more difficult to extract any thing from the Ear and there will be besides great danger Lastly If the foresaid Remedies are not sufficient Chirurgical Instruments must be used See the manner of Extraction in Fabritius Hildanus Cen. I. Observ 4 5 6. Gnats sometimes insinuate themselves into the Ears and moving in the Cavity of it they cause much Trouble but they may be extracted by a Probe wrapped round with Cotten and dipt in Turpentine Sometimes water runs into the Ear in swimming or when the Head is wash'd and is often very troublesom and causes Pain but is most commonly easily shook our by hopping upon the Leg of the same side and by holding the Ear downwards But if this will not do you must endeavour to suck it out with a Pipe wrapt round with Wool to stop the hole of the Ear that the external Air should not enter in It is also dried by a small soft piece of Spunge often put in CHAP. XXXV Of things that come out Preternaturally from the Cavities of the Ears MAny Things come out preternaturally from the Ears which must be particularly mentioned and peculiar Remedies must be prescribed for them First therefore an Abscess being broken arising from an Inflammation or from an Ulcer proceeding from the Acrimony of Humours Matter or Sanies is wont to flow the Cure of which depends on the Cure of the forementioned Diseases which are proposed in the foregoing Chapter Blood also sometimes flows from the Ears as in Wounds and Concussions of the Head whereby the Veins of the Ears may be broken or torn But if this Flux be moderate it must be left to it self for if it should be retained within it might cause an Inflammation but if it be immoderate or continue a long while it must be restrained by bleeding in the Arm and by applying Cupping-glasses with Scarification to the Shoulders afterwards cooling and astringent things must be dropt into the Ears as the Juice of Plantane Knot-grass or the Decoction of Bramble-tops red Roses Mastich Acacia Hyposistis Balaustins Sumach and the like in Wine and Vinegar or Smiths Water A watry Humour sometimes flows from the Brain to the Ears this most commonly happens to Children and ought not to be stop'd for being suddenly stop'd it occasions the Falling-sickness or some other great Disease of the Head For Nature puts off Excrements and the too great Moisture that abounds in Childrens Heads not only by the ordinary ways appointed for this use viz. The Nostrils and Pallate but also through the Eyes the Ears and the Superficies of the Head where Ulcers and Scabs often happen But when such an Evacuation is Symptomatick and when the Humour flowing to the Ears causes Ulcers in them and hinders the Hearing you must endeavour to cure it by a convenient Method And First the Superfluous Humours in the Brain must be evacuated by gentle Purges often repeated and also by Derivation by Blisters in the Neck and an Issue there afterwards the Ears must be cleansed and dried by the following Medicine Take of the Juice of Agrimony and Worm-wood each four Ounces of Whitewine and Honey of
is very hardly cured and there is Danger least it should turn to a Cancer That which is seated below or in the Middle of the Nostrils is easier cured than that which grows at the Root of the Nose because Medicines can scarce reach thither Both of them are to be cured the same Way viz. The superfluous Flesh must be taken off But first the antecedent Cause must be removed which is a Flegmatick Humour falling from the Head To this End an attenuating Course of Diet must be ordered and universal Evacuations Revulsion and Derivation Afterwards the superfluous Flesh must be taken off either by a caustick or by an Instrument and the Ulcer remaining must be cicatrized But at the Beginning when the Disease is fresh it is sometimes cured by astringent and very drying Medicines and such gentle Means are always to be used before you proceed to greater Take of unripe Grapes three Pounds of the Bark of Pomegranate of Balaustins and Sumach each two Pounds infuse them in Vinegar and distil them then add of Allum a Pound of Vitriol three Ounces distil them all again and touch the inward parts of the Nostrils frequently with the Water If this is not sufficient more powerful things must be used and you must add Sandarach and Orpiment to the foregoing Water or the Polypus must be frequently touched with Spirit of Vitriol tempered with Plantane Water But red Precipitat often washed is reckoned the best Medicine It may be mixt with Honey of Roses and applyed with a Tent dipt in it Plaisters are also used in this Case Take of Verdigrease Orpiment Vitriol Crude-alum each one Ounce and an half of Antimony six Drams infuse them in Vinegar and then powder them very fine when they are dry infuse them and powder them eight Times more then lastly infuse them in Plantane Water and dry them afterwards take of Oyl of Roses four Ounces of Thithargo two ounces mix them and boyl them and towards the End two Ounces of the foresaid Powder boyl it to a sticking Plaister and make Tents of it to be put up the Nostrils Note That before the Use of Causticks the Nostrils must be defended by Galen's cooling Oyntment or with Populeum or with the White of an Egg mixt with the Oyl of Roses or the like Secondly you must take Notice that caustick Medicines must be conveyed through a Silver Pipe which must incompass the Polypus so that the Medicine may work and not touch the Nostrils Thirdly you must take Notice that such Medicines must be used when the Moon is waneing for then the Tumour is much diminished and so the Medicine may the easier reach the Root of it Lastly if it cannot be cured by Medicines you must proceed to Chirurgical Operation which is described by Cornelius Celsus and by late Authors CHAP. XXXVIII Of the Loss of Smelling and other Faults of it SMelling as all the other Actions of the Body is hurt three Ways it is either diminished abolished or depraved The Cause of Smelling diminished and abolished are the same they only differ in Degree they are Intemperies Obstruction and Compression A cold and moist intemperies joyned with Flegmatick Matter lessens Smelling or quite abolishes it upon which Account in a Catarrh and Coryza the Sense of Smelling is frequently lessened or wholly destroyed Obstruction is occasioned by a Flegmatick Humour which stops the Passages of the Nostrils and the Pores of the Mamillary Processes so that Smells cannot come to them it may also be occasioned by a Sarcoma Polypus or any thing else that stops the Passages of the Nostrils A Compression also sometimes may happen from a Flegmatick Humour collected in the fore part of the Brain compressing the Mamillary Processes as happens in Diminution of the Sight by compressing of the Optick Nerves It also may happen from a natural Defect in the Confirmation of the Nostrils as when the Nostrils are so narrow and low that there is not a free Passage The Cause of depraved smelling is a bad Savour continually striking upon the Nostrils which either proceeds from an Ulcer of the Nostrils or from putrid Flegm gathered together about the Nostrils or the Os Ethmoides For that Flegm that putrifies in the Sense of Smelling or near it betwixt the Coats of the Brain does not affect the Sense it self nor those that labour under it but any one that sits near them will easily find it out for nothing can be smelt but what is carried to the Sense from some other Place A nasty and stinking Vapour may be carried to the Processus Mamillares from other Parts as from the Stomach Gums and the Brain it self that spoil the Sense of Smelling so that all Savours are thought to be such even as the Tongue being disordered by bitter Choler tasts all things bitter Any of these Causes are easily known a cold Intemperies and Abundance of Flegm are known by a cold and moist Intemperies of the Brain and a slimy Flegm dropping from the Head An Obstruction if it be occasioned by Flegm is known by the same Signs If it proceeds from a Sarcoma or a Polypus the Diagnostick is to be taken from their proper Chapters The Place wherein the Matter causing the Obstruction resides is known from this If it sticks in the Passages of the Nostrils there is a Defect of the Speech because the Nostrils do greatly contribute to the forming of Words But if the Matter stick in the fore part of the Brain or the Mamillary Passages the Speech will be perfect You may know by the peculiar Diseases of each Part from whence the ill Scent arises that offends the Organ of Smelling As to the Prognostick Smelling if it be lately lost or if it arises from a simple Coriza may be easily cured The cure must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes if it arise from a cold Intemperies those things are proper which are used for a cold Catarrh But to open an Obstruction occasioned by Flegm thrust into the Passages of the Nostrils or into the Mamillary Processes such Remedies are to be used as purge those Parts viz. Errhins Sneazing-Powders and Apoplegmatisms Lastly If the Nostrils are obstructed by a Sarcoma or Polypus it must be cured by the removing of them CHAP. XXXIX Of an ill Scent in the Nostrils AN ill Scent in the Nostrils and a stinking Breath are very different for that comes wholly from the Nostrils but this from various Parts viz. From the Stomach Lungs Gums or from Ulcers in the Jaws which are either apparent to Sense or may be known by their proper Signs But an ill Scent in the Nose is occasioned by putrid Vapours arising either from the Nostrils as in an Ozena a Sarcoma or Polypus or from Air transmitted to the Nostrils from putrid Humours contained in the Brain and in rhe fore Part of it or about the Mamillary Processes or Os Cribrasum But Flegmatick Humours putrifie in the said Parts when they are retained in
them beyond Measure especially if there be also a hot and moist Intemperies of the Brain they are retained by reason of an Obstruction of those Parts or too great an Oppression of them as in those that are flat-nosed The Disease of the Nose occasioning such a Stink may be known by its proper Signs But if there be no such Disease in the Nostrils we may conjecture that it arises from a putrid Humour contained in the Brain or Mamillary Processes or in the Os cribrosum The Prognostick of an ill Scent in the Nostrils which is occasioned by an Ulcer Polypus or Sarcoma depends on the Prognostick of them But that ill Scent which proceeds from Corrupt Humours contained in the fore part of the Head if it be lately come may be easily cured if it be inveterate it is incureable especially if it come from an ill Confirmation of the Nostrils as in such as are flat-Nosed The Cure is performed by taking away the Causes and by moderating the Symptoms The Cure of an Ulcer Sarcoma and Polypus are mentioned above but a putrid Humour contained in the Brain Mamillary Processes or in the Os Ethmoides must be carried off by Purging and Cleansing And first universal Evacuations are to be ordered which free the whole Body and the Brain from Flegmatick Excrements and if there be abundance of Humours a Sudorifick Diet-drink must be also ordered afterwards cleansing Errhins must be prescribed to remove the conjunct Matter And first Whitewine wherein Centaury has been infused must be put into the Hand and snuft up Morning and Evening or the Juice of Beet drawn with Marjoraâ— Water may be used but the following is more Powerful Take of the Roots of Florentine-orris half a Dram oâ— white Hellebore and long Pepper each half a Scruple of the Seeds of Anise and of dried Marjoram powdered each one Scruple of the Oyls of Nard Wall-flower and Violets each as much as is sufficient Make a soft Oyntment wherewith anoint the Top of the little Finger and anoint the Nostrils within or a Tent besmeared with the Oyntment may be applied Lastly To palliate the ill Stink sweet-smelling things may be often drawn up the Nostrils as an Infusion of Nutmegs in fragrant Wine Angelica Water and the like CHAP. XL. Of a Coryza COryza is a sort of Catarrh wherein the Fluxion falls on the Nostrils it 's easily known by the abundance of Moisture that is evacuated by the Nostrils 't is commonly call'd a Cold or Stoppage in the Head It requires the same Method of Cure as is used for a Catarrh but in this Case you must not use Errhins least they should draw Humours to the Part affected Masticatories and Apoplegmatisms may be prescribed after general Evacuation and some-things are reckned peculiarly proper for this Disease as the Vapour of a Decoction of Marjoram received into the Nostrils or of Vinegar wherein red Roses have been infused the Venegar being poured upon red hot Iron if it be occasion'd by a very cold Fluxion the Fumes of Frankincense cast upon live Coals corrects the cold Intemperies of the Brain and dries up the Superfluous Moisture CHAP. XLI Of Sneezing THo Sneezing often happens in Health and is generally so small a thing that it scarce deserves the Name of a Symptom yet sometimes 't is so very troublesome that it requires Medicines and the Physicians help and the ancient Custom of saying God bless you upon sneezing shews that some time or other it has proved dangerous some say 't was an Epidemical Disease in the Time of Gregory the Great and that the Sick died sneezing As to the Prognostick 't is of it self without Danger but 't is very injurious at the Beginning of a Catarrh or Coryza and in Feavers when it is frequent it sometimes occasions bleeding at the Nose but most commonly it does good by expelling Superfluities from the Brain When Sneezing is injurious as in a Plurisie Peripneumonia and the like or when it becomes a Disease the Cure must be undertaken by Revulsions and Evacuations and if by Reason of a hot Intemperies of the Brain or of any other Part sharp Vapours are transmitted to the Nostrils Bleeding must be used and proper Purges and to qualifie the Acrimony and to asswage the Irritation of the Nostrils it will be proper to snuff up warm Milk into the Nose or to anoint the Nostrils wlth Oyl of Violets or of sweet Almonds or with fresh Butter CHAP. XLII Of Bleeding at the Nose or Spitting of Blood BLeeding at the Nose comes at any Time of the Year and seises chiefly those that are of a weakly Constitution and have hot Blood and oftner when they are in Years than when they are Young at first there are some Signs of a Feaver which goes off by bleeding at the Nose but a Pain and a Heat in the fore part of the Head remains the Blood flows for some Hours then stops a while and afterwards breaks out again and so it does by turns till at length it is quite stop'd either by the use of Remedies or of its own accord by reason the Quantity is diminished but the Sick is in danger of a Relapse yearly either upon drinking of Spirituous Liquors or from being over-heated upon any other account In order to the Cure I endeavour to qualifie the Head and Ebullition of the Blood upon which account the preternatural Extravasation arises Wherefore I bleed often in the Arm and take away a large Quantity of Blood I order a cooling and thickning Course of Diet as three parts of Fountain Water and one of Milk boil'd together and drank cold roasted Apples Barly-broths and the like forbidding the use oâ— Flesh I also prescribe thickning and cooling Juleps and Emulsions and the like Take of the clarified Juices of Plantane and Nettles each six Ounces of the Aqua Lactis Alexiteria four Ounces of Cinnamon Water hordeated three Ounces of white-Sugar a sufficient Quantity mingle them make a Julep let him take four Ounces in the Morning and at four in the Afternoon and so daily for three Days following Take of the Waters of Plantane and of Cinnamon hordeated each four Ounces of distill'd Vinegar half an Ounce of true Bole and of Dragon's Blood each half a Dram of London Laudanum three grains of Syrup of Myrtles one ounce and an half mix them make a Julep let him take five or six Spoonfuls every Night at Bed-time Take of the Syrup of Juice of Nettles four ounces give half an ounce in his Liquor every time he drinks and he may drink of Tincture of Roses every time he drinks Take of the Seeds of Henbane and of white Poppies each half a dram of Sugar of Roses three drams of Syrup of Comfry a sufficient quantity make an Electuary give the quantity of a small Nutmeg twice a day and let him drink a draught of Tincture of Roses presently after it Or Take of the four greater cold Seeds each one dram and an half of
be tryed which are proposed every where by Authors for the same purpose as a Paste made of Frankincense powdered a little Starch and the Milk of Spurge the Root of Crow-foot the Bark of the Root of Mulberry Tree the Ashes of Earth-Worms Pellitory of Spain steep'd in Vinegar the Root of wild Cucumber infused in Vinegar and the like But Bears-foot is the most effectual the Tooth being rub'd with the Leaf of it bruised but great care must be taken that the other Teeth be not touched with it for if so they wou'd be in danger to drop out A certain Country Fellow being grievously afflicted with the Toothach desired another to rub his Teeth with Bears-foot who unwarily rub'd almost all his Teeth with it and in a few hours almost all of them dropt out Wherefore if any one intends to use so violent a Medicine I wou'd advise him to cover the rest of his Teeth with Wax to secure them Though the Tumour arising in the Jaws most commonly takes off the Pain of the Teeth the Matter being translated to the outward parts yet to procure Ease the sooner some Remedies must be used The following Liniment does good Take of Fresh-Butter and Hens-grease each one ounce of the Powder of Florentine Orris one dram of Saffron half a Scruple of Oyl of Camomil and Oyl of Sweet-Almonds each half an Ounce make a Liniment to be applied to the Jaws A Cataplasm made of Figs bread and Vinegar operate sooner Nettles bruised and applied to the Jaws soon ease the Pain This Cure is for the present Pain but if it be wont to return frequently the generation of Humours flowing to the part must be hindred and the Teeth must be strengthned that they may not so easily receive the Humours flowing to them CHAP. XLVIII Of Black and Rotten Teeth THE Teeth are often Black Yellow or Livid by reason of vitious Humours sticking to their Superficies which by lying long on them corrode and make them rotten ill Vapors do the same which arise from unwholsome Meats eaten or from an Intemperies of the Stomach Quick-silver used to the whole Body or to the Face to Beautifie it blackens the Teeth Upon which account Women that use Paint are wont to have black or foul Teeth In order to the Cure the antecedent Cause must be first removed and if ill Humours abounding in the Stomach occasion this Disease they must be evacuated and the Intemperies producing it must be corrected and a good Course of Diet must be ordered and such Meats must be avoided as are apt to corrupt the Teeth especially those that are Sweet There are a great many Medicines proposed to whiten the Teeth by Authors which every one may make trial of we use only one which presently frees the Teeth from all Filthiness and renders them white and also preserves them from a Caries that is the Spirit of Vitriol or of Sulphur in which a small Stick wrapt round with a Rag may be dipt and the Teeth rubbed with it and presently after the Teeth must be dried with a clean Linnen Cloth When the Teeth are very foul the pure Oyl may be used or mixed with Honey of Roses or it may be corrected with Simple Water least the use of it corrode the Gums Montanus relates that he learned this from a Woman at Rome whom he had seen when he was very young and she about the Age of Twenty he found her afterwards when she was Fifty in the same Condition who had preserved her Beauty and Strength by the use of the Oyl of Vitriol and that her Teeth which were very ill in her Youth were become firm and clean in her old Age by the use of it for she was wont daily to rub her Teeth and Gums gently with a drop or two of it The Ashes of Tobacco are also excellent to cleanse and whiten the Teeth But to preserve them and to keep them clean they must be daily cleansed from Filth and Meat that sticks in them by a Tooth-picker made of the Lignum Leutiscinum Afterwards you must wash the Mouth with Wine and the Teeth must be rubbed with the following Powder Take of the Roots of Bistort Allum and White Coral each one ounce make a fine Powder wherewith rub the Teeth CHAP. XLIX Of the Errosion and Vlceration of the Gums THE Gums are eaten and ulcerated by Acrid and Corroding Humours flowing to them from the Brain Stomach Spleen and other Parts Splenetick People are more especially troubled with Ulcers of the Gums and such as are Scorbutick and sometimes also the Gums are corroded by Worms or by the Humours that occasion them so that when they continue long to be so they signifie Worms to be in the Body Fabritius Hildanus mentions an Observation of a Boy that was much troubled a long while with corroded Gums and after he had tried many Medicines both inward and outward at length he died and his Body being opened there were found great numbers of Worms which had eaten through his Guts and lay in the Cavity of the Belly The Cure must be first directed to the Antecedent Cause and the Peccant Humours must be evacuated by Bleeding and Purging The Acrid and Hot must be attemperated by Apozems Juleps and medicated Broths and the like And the Fluxions of the same Humours is to be turned by applying Cupping-glasses to proper places And lastly The Diseases of the Part principally affected must be cured And afterwards we must use Topicks which are to be varied according to the greatness of the Disease for in a simple Errosion those things are only to be applied which are Astringent and dry And first the following Lotion must be used Take of unripe Galls of the Cups of Acorns and of Balaustins each one dram of red Roses one Pugil of Crude-allum three drams boil them in two parts of Smiths water and one of rough Wine The Teeth must be often washed with this Water and if the Errosion is not cured with it the following Opiat must be used Take of Dragons Blood three drams of Wood of Aloes red Roses Spodium Harts-horn burnt till it is white and Cypress Nuts each one dram of Myrrh and the Ashes of Tobacco each one dram of Allum two drams make of all a Powder mix it with Honey and add to it a few drops of Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur make an Opiat which you must spread upon a rag and apply to the Gums at Bed-time Spirit of Sulphur either by it self or mixed with Honey of Roses cleanses and whitens the Teeth and cures the Corruption of the Gums If the Ulcer is deep or sordid you must use the following Balsam Take of choice Myrrh and of Sugar-candy each equal parts powder them and fill the white of an Egg with them first boiled hard and cut in the middle afterwards bind it up with Thread and hang it in a Cellar put a Glass under for the Liquor to drop into wherewith anoint the part affected
often in a day But if the foresaid Remedies will not do the business and if the Tooth near the Ulcer be rotten it must be drawn out and the Ulcer will be soon cured otherwise it will be incurable CHAP. L. Of Blood flowing from the Gums BLOOD sometimes flows in a great quantity from the Gums either Critically or Symptomatically But though a Critical Hemorrhage seldom happens by the Gums yet that it does so sometimes Experience and the Observations from Authors show It flows Symptomatically from the Gums by reason of its Acrimony and of the vitious Constitution of the Spleen and also the Scurvy It also sometimes flows plentifully after the drawing of a Tooth the little Artery being torn which was inserted into the Root of the Tooth upon which account sometimes so much Blood flows as kills the Patient The Cure of a Symptomatick Flux is performed by Bleeding and Purging and other Remedies that correct the Disorders of the Bowels afterwards Topicks must be used that are of an Astringent Nature in the form of a Gargarism Lotion Powder Liniment or Opiate If a great quantity of Blood flows upon drawing a Tooth Revulsion first must be made by Bleeding and Cupping-glasses and Astringent Medicines must be applied to the part as a Cataplasm made of Bole-armenick Dragons Blood sealed Earth and other Astringents mixed with the white of an Egg. If these things do not do the Patient must apply his Finger to the part from whence the Blood flows and must be kept there so long till the Blood coagulated upon the Orifice of the Artery stops the Flux If the Blood cannot be stopt by these gentle means stronger must be used Chalcitis burnt and applied stops Blood wonderfully Gum-arabick powder'd and the Cavity fill'd with it is also of use So is also the Powder called Thuraloes applied with the white of an Egg and Hares Down CHAP. LI. Of Vlcers of the Mouth and Jaws SMALL and Superficial Ulcers of the Mouth are called Aphthae and when they are large they go under the common name of Ulcers as those are that happen to Pocky People These Ulcers are wont to be generated by Acrid Humours or Vapors translated from various parts of the Body to the Jaws So in Malignant Feavers such Ulcers frequently happen and to those which are of a hot Constitution and are subject to an Intemperies of the Parts and to others that abound with corrupted Humours upon which Account Children are frequently troubled with Aphthae These Ulcers are various not only for that some are small some greater and because some trouble Children and some grown People but also because an Inflammation accompanies some of them and others it do's not These various Degrees happen according to the variety of Humours from whence they are generated for either they proceed from Blood Choler Flegm or Melancholy or rather from black Choler which is of a burning and malignant Quality But these Differences may be known by their proper Signs for red Ulcers proceed from Blood yellow from Choler white from Flegm livid from black Choler a stinking Ulcer signifies Putrefaction As to the Prognostick Aphthae properly so called are easily cured but deep Ulcers or such as are putrid are difficultly cured and they are most dangerous in Children both because they spread more by reason of the Softness of their Flesh and also because they cannot bear strong Medicines upon which account Children sometimes die of them if they are accompanied with Putrefaction and Malignity And with respect to the Cause from whence they proceed they are more or less Dangerous if they proceed from Flegm there is little Danger if from Blood or Choler there is more if from black Choler most of all Black and crusty Ulcers are deadly especially in Children Ulcers of the Jaws accompanied with a Feaver are dangerous As to the Cure a cooling and drying Diet must be ordered to hinder the Generation of the Antecedent Cause wherefore if in Children the Disease arises from a Fault in the Milk either the Nurse must be changed or her Milk must be corrected by proper Meats and Drinks and by Bleeding and purging if there be Occasion But you must be sure to prescribe a cooling and astringent Diet to the Nurse as Quinces Pears Medlars Lettice and Purslain The same must be prescribed for grown People and they must avoid acrid salt and peppered Meats Moreover with respect to the antecedent Cause universal Evacuations must be prescribed according to the Age of the Sick and first Bleeding makes a powerful Revulsion of Humours flowing to the Part and attemperates their Acrimony and cools the whole Body Afterwards Cupping-glasses with Scarification must be applied Leeches behind the Ears and under the Chin and a Blister must be applied to the Neck The next Day after Bleeding Purging must be ordered suitable to the peccant Humour and the Age At the same time viz. From the very beginning of the Cure Topicks must be applied but such as are gentle must be first used as Gargarisms or Lotions made with the Waters of Plantain or Honey-suckle and sweetned with Syrup of dried Roses or of Mulberries or of a Decoction of Plantain Leaves Bramble-tops knot-grass Balaustins red Sanders and the like with the foresaid Syrups And if there be an Inflammation it is proper to add the Juice of Night-shade House-leek or of Purslain and Sal Prunella in such Quantity as may not sharpen it too much or instead of them a small Quantity of Crude Allum may be mixed with it If there be no Inflammation Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur is the only Remedy which may be used by it self to grown People The Ulcer being touched with a Stick wrapped round the top with a Rag dipt in it and so simple Aphthae will be cured immediately But for Children the Spirit must be mixed with Honey of Roses to mitigate the Sharpness and must be used with a Stick as above directed If the Ulcers are very painful and accompanied with Inflammation the Mouth must be often gargled with Milk or with an Emulsion of the cold Seeds or with a Mucilage of the Seeds of Fleabean and of Quinces extracted with Plantain and Rose-water Lastly If the pain be so very obstinate that it cannot be appeased by the Revulsions and Topicks proposed but by Reason of the Violence of it sharp Humours are continually attracted and long Watchings occasioned and a Wasting of the whole Body whereby the Life is much endangered the last Remedy are Narcoticks which ease the Pain and hinders the Influx of the Humours they are to be dosed according to the Age and Strength of the Patient I cured a Boy says Riverius of four Years of Age when he was just dying by giving him a grain of Laudanum His Jaws and Tongue were full of deep Ulcers and the Inflammation so great that he cou'd not bear Topick Remedies and the Flux of Humours so much that they flowed perpetually out of his Mouth like a Stream and the
of this Consumption beginning are Faintness and want of Appetite without any notable Feaver Cough or short Breath though in progress of the Disease when the habit of the Body is wasted some difficulty of Breathing as is usual in all that are Faint may be perceived This Disease is very difficultly cured if the Physician be not made use of at first it ends in an Hydropical and Oedematous Tumour of the Body especially of the lower parts and then the Disease is past all hope The main of the business must be performed by Stomachick Medicines and such as strengthen the Nerves such are Chalybeats Antiscorbuticks and Cephalicks and bitter things of every kind For Instance Let the Sick take if his Body be bound four Ounces of the bitter Decoction with Senna and every fourth night two Ounces of Tinctura Sacra or of the Tinctura of Hiera Picra made in the Waters of Rue Black Cherries Compound Peony In his ordinary Drink hang a Bag of Cephalicks and Antiscorbuticks an hour before Dinner let him take half a Dram of Elixir Proprietatis in a Draught of Whitewine wherein Wormwood has been infused Apply to the Region of the Stomach the Magisterial Stomachick Plaister with a few drops of the Chymical Oyl of Cinnamon and Wormwood or foment the Stomach daily with Aromatick Bags made of the Leaves of Mint and Wormwood Cinnamon Mace Zedoary Galingal Cyperus and Sweet-smelling Flag and boil'd in Claret If it be Summer-time let him drink Chalybeat Waters if Winter Syrup of Steel or the Wine of it made by quenching Filings of Steel in good Whitewine three or four times then by infusing in it Zedoary Galingal Nutmegs sharp Cinnamon Mace Cubebs and Cloves grosly beaten But amongst Chalybeats Mynsichts extract is thought the best which must be given in the form of a Bole or of Pills for the space of twenty or thirty days For Instance Take of the Extract of Mynsicht half a scruple Balsam of Gilead seven drops of Haly's Powder six grains of the Compound Powder of Wake-Robin four grains of the Powder of Liquorish a sufficient quantity make Pills of an ordinary size repeat them every day once Opobalsamum by it self as also Spirit of Harts-horn and Spirit of Sal-armoniack are very effectual in this case because they are agreeable to the Nerves For Instance Let the Sick take eight or ten drops of Opobalsam or of Spirit of Harts-horn in a sufficient quantity of Sugar-candy Let him endeavour to make himself Chearful by Exercise and Company for this Disease most commonly proceeds from Care and Sorrow and let him live in a good and open Air And because the Stomach is chiefly affected in this Disease he must eat a delicate sort of Meat and not be too long accustomed to any one The Consumption that proceeds from Innanition is next to be discoursed of and first Of that which proceeds from an Hemorrhage whither by the Nostrils or from the Lungs by Coughing or from the Jaws by Hawking or from the Stomach by Vomit or from the Reins by Urine or from the Hemorrhoidal or Uterin Vessels in the customary monthly Purgation or from hard Labour or lastly from Wounds when there has been a great and long Flux of Blood In this case the Hemorrhage must be first stopt by thickning Remedies and by binding hard the extream parts and if there be occasion and the Sick have Strength Bleeding must be used frequently but sparingly you must apply if the part will admit of it Galen's Stiptick Plaister the Royal Stiptick Water Oxycrat cold Ink Ashes of Hair a little burnt in a Retort and with Vinegar made up in the form of a Cataplasm true Bole Dragons blood and the like and they must be often renewed Let the Sick take inwardly three or four times a day twenty or thirty drops or more of the Royal Stiptick-water in a Draught of the Milk-water and five or six Spoonfuls of the clarified Juices of Plantane and Nettles or let him take frequently in a Spoon the following Linctus Take of Syrup of Purslain three ounces of true Bole Dragons blood of the Troches of Spodium and of sealed Earth each two scruples of Japan Earth one dram of Gum-Tragacanth a sufficient quantity dissolved in Plantane-water mingle them make a Linctus Or let him take thrice a day the quantity of a Nutmeg of the following Electuary Take of the Conserve of red Roses one ounce of the Troches of Ambar three drams of true Bole and of Dragons blood each half a dram with Syrup of Myrtles make an Electuary Let him take also every night at Bed-time five or six Spoonfuls of the following Julep shaking the Viol when he uses it Take of Plantane-water six ounces of Cinnamon-water hordeated three ounces of distilled Vinegar half an ounce of true Bole and of Dragons blood each half a dram of London Laudanum three grains of Syrup of Myrtles one ounce and an half make a Julep The Flux of Blood being stopt we must endeavour by all means to raise the weak Blood with new and good Chyle and to extinguish the Febrile Flame if it be begun least a Consumption should follow wherefore the Sick must be frequently nourished with good Broths and variety of Meats that are full of Nourishment and of easie Digestion and pleasant to the Stomach but he must be sure to abstain from Wine and from things salted and spiced and because this sort of Sick and all other that are inclining to a Consumption are subject to Anger Sorrow Oppressions of the Hypochonders Hysterick Passions and want of Appetite upon which account they can neither eat plentifully nor digest well They must endeavour to recreate themselves and to take the Benefit of a wholsome and free Air which most commonly does more good than Medicines But if the Sick be Hectick the Peruvian bark given freely is of admirable Vertue and if there be occasion the Sick must use a Milk Diet or Chalybeat Waters but you must by no means Loosen the Body A Consumption also often arises from a simple Gonorrhaea and the Whites also from Imposthumes and large Ulcers and also from giving Suck from a Loosness and Dysentery from a Diabetes from Salivation a Dropsie violent Sweating and the like But a Consumption of the Lungs is the chief The Cause in general of it is an ill Disposition of the whole Mass of Blood and of the Nervous Spirit contracted by degrees by the various Procatarctick Causes whereby the Acrid and Malignant Serum of the Blood separated by the soft and glandulous Paranchyma of the Lungs stuffs and inflames them and at last causes Ulcers which is indeed the containing Cause of this Disease The Procatarctick Causes are first a Suppression of the usual and necessary Evacuations as of the Courses the Lochia of old Ulcers of Issues of Sweat by the Soles of the Feet and other parts of the Body and the like without correcting and removing the Causes on which they depend whereby the Blood
distilled Water Tincture of Tartar of Steel or of Antimony may be also given by turns As to the Cure of the Trembling of the Heart Medicines proper for Convulsions must be given it being meerly Convulsive Wherefore having made sufficient Evacuation the follow Medicines may be given Take of prepared Coral and of Pearls each two drams of both the Bezoars each half a dram of white Ambar two scruples of Ambar-grease one scruple make a Powder The Dose is half a Dram twice or thrice in a day in some proper Julep or distilled Water Take of Compound Powder of Crabs-claws two drams of the Powder of the roots of Male-peony of Mans Skull prepared each one dram of the flowers of Male-peony and of Lillies of the Vallies each half a dram make a Powder to be taken the same way Take of Ivory and red Coral powdered each three drams of the Species Diambra one dram of white Sugar dissolved in a sufficient quantity of Orange-flower-water and boiled to Tablets seven ounces make Tablets each weighing half a dram Let him take one or two often in a day or when he pleases Take of the Conserve of the Flowers of Lillies of the Vallies six ounces of Coral prepared of Pearls Ivory and Crabs-eyes each one dram and an half of Vitriol of Mars one dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Coral make an Electuary The Dose is one or two drams twice a day drinking upon it a Draught of the following Julep Take of the Waters of Orange-flowers and of the whole Citron each six ounces of Orange-peels distilled with Wine two ounces of Sugar half an ounce make a Julep Take of Syrup of Steel six ounces The Dose is one Spoonful in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon in two ounces of the Julep above prescribed but you must omit the Sugar Take of the Powder of Ivory and of Coral each two drams and an half of the Species of Diambra one dram of Salt of Steel two drams of Sugar eight ounces of Ambar-grease dissolved half a scruple make Tablets each weighing half a dram The Dose is three or four drams twice a day Taâ—e of fresh Strawberries eight Pints of the outward Peel of twelve Oranges of the fresh Filings of Steel half a pound beat them together and pour upon them four quarts of Wine Let them ferment together in a close Vessel twenty four hours then distill them in a cold Still Take of Spirit of Harts-horn or of Blood or the like three drams The Dose is twenty drops twice a day in some proper Vehicle Take of the Flowers of Sal-armoniack and of Coral prepared each two drams The Dose is one scruple twice a day Take of Sal-prunella two drams of Salt of Ambar one dram of Salt of Harts-horn one Scruple The Dose is from fifteen to twenty grains twice a day in some proper Liquor Note Such of these Medicines as agree with the Constitution of the Patient are to be chosen CHAP. LXII Of Weakness THE Cause of Weakness is a Defect of Native Heat and of Spirits This Defect is occasioned by the Defect of Vital Spirits The Vital Spirits are wanting either when they are not generated in a sufficient quantity or because when they are generated they are dissipated corrupted or suffocated as it happens in Fainting But the difference betwixt Fainting and Weakness is That in Fainting the Causes produce their Effect of a sudden but in Weakness by degrees The Cure of this Disease respects the taking away the Cause and the cherishing the Heart and Vital Spirits The Causes are almost all great Diseases whereby Nature is much weakned therefore the taking off the Causes respects the Cure of almost all Diseases which must be sought for in their proper Chapters But the Strengthning the Heart and the Restoration of the Vital Spirits are to be treated of a part and sometimes to be preferred before the Cure of the Morbifick Causes when there is danger of Death But you must always take care that whilst you endeavour to refresh the Spirits you do not increase the Morbifick Causes and therefore in a hot Disease you must give temperate Cordials in a cold such as are hot And first With Meat you must mix Cordials as Confection of Alkermes or of Hyacinth in Broths also Mutton Broth the Fat and Skin being cut off is good also Gravy of Mutton is frequently used and the Gravy of the Heart is mightily commended The Italians make a Soop of Yolks of Eggs Wine Sugar and Cinnamon which is very restorative Jelly of Harts-horn is also very good Cordial Juleps may be also prepared in the following manner Take of the Waters of Bugloss Roses and the Flowers of Oranges each one ounce of Syrup of Apples and of Lemons each half an ounce Confection of Alkermes half a dram of Cinnamon-water two drams make a Julep To the Stomach may be applied Bags made of Spices and moistned with Wine the private parts may be fomented with Confection of Alkermes dissolved in Wine The Arteries of the Temples the Hands and Feet may be anointed with the same And Apoplectick Balsam may be often held to the Nostrils CHAP. LXIII Of Appetite depraved diminished and abolished THE Cause of an excessive Appetite is a sharp Juice abounding in the Body and especially brought from the Pancreas to the Intestine and sending thence Vapors that are sharper than usual to the Stomach This Acid is increased in the whole Body by sharp Meats and Drinks Cold and Serene Air immoderate Grief continued long violent Motion and long Watching The Appetite is diminished by Fat Choler and by Fat and Viscid Meat by Hot or Rainy Weather by too much Sleep Sloath and great Cares The Causes that diminish Appetite will wholly abolish it if they are extream Depraved Appetite is usual in the Green-sickness and in Women with Child and sometimes but rarely Men are troubled with it It most frequently happens before the Flux of the Courses or when they are suppressed In the Green-sickness they crave for Meats that are improper and unusual or they eat Chalk Ashes Coals Pitch Dirt Leather and many other things Appetite increased is to be cured with such things as temperate the acid Juice as Coral Pearls Crabs-eyes Filings of Steel and the like also Fat and Oily things and Volatile Spirits Take of Coral prepared and Pearls prepared each one scruple of white Chalk half a scruple of white Sugar three drams make a Powder to be divided into six Doses Take two Papers in a day three or four hours after eating in a Spoonful of strong Wine If a Liquid Medicine be more pleasing let him take a Spoonful of the following Mixture now and then Take of the Waters of Mint two ounces and of Scurvy-grass-water and of the Tincture of Cinnamon made by Infusion in rectified Spirit of Wine each half an ounce of Syrup of Wormwood one ounce mingle them Or Take of Oyl of Mace by Distillation and of the Oyl of Juniper-berries
An Inflammation of the Stomach is a preternatural Tumour arising from Blood poured upon the Substance of the Stomach and its Membranes And this Blood is either pure and sincere and then it produces a Phlegmon properly so called or it is mixed with Choler Flegm and Melancholly and then it produces an Oedematous Schirrhus Phlegmon or a Phlegmon mixed with an Erysipelas There may be many external Causes viz. Whatsoever renders the Blood hot as hot Medicines drinking of Wine or whatever forces the Blood thither as a Bruise of the Stomach especially when it is full of Meat to which may be added hot and acrid things taken inwardly as Cantharides Sublimate and the like The Diagnostick Signs of this Disease are a great Burnining Pricking Distending Pain with Pulsation stretching it self to the Back The Tumour may be felt and sometimes seen the Shoulders are drawn backward the Breathing Swallowing and Belching are difficult Sometimes something Bloody is Vomited up there is a violent Feaver accompanied with dreadful Symptoms If the Inflammation be purely from Blood it is somewhat gentler but if it be joined with an Eâ—ysipelas the Symptoms are very violent and there is an inward Feaver though the outward Parts are cold and the Thirst is unquenchable To this Inflammation of the Stomach that Inflammation is near of kin which either seises that Part of the Liver wherewjth the Stomach is covered or that lies upon the Region of the Abdomen which can be only distinguished by the violence of the Symptoms for the Inflammation of the Stomach is the most violent and most dangerous From what has been said it may be easily prognosticated that this Disease is very dangerous and most commonly deadly Nevertheless that is most dangerous which seises the upper Orifice of the Stomach and partakes of the Nature of an Erysipelas If the Inflammation do not kill and be not resolved it degenerates into an Abscess which is known by the Remission of Heat and Feaver the Tumour remaining The Abscess being broken an Ulcer is left behind which may be known by the Evacuation of Matter by Vomit and Stool But an Ulcer of the Stomach does not only proceed from an Abscess broken but also from other causes which must be here mentioned least any thing should be desicient in the Theory of it Therefore the causes of an Ulcer of the Stomach are either Internal or External the Internal causes are acrid Humours bred in the Stomach or transmitted from another place to it as Yellow and Black Choler or salt Flegm The external causes are acrid and corroding Medicines or Poisons and hither may be referred Wounds of the Stomach ill cured which degenerate into an Ulcer and also the Rupture of some great Vein which cannot be well cured after vomiting much Blood up An Ulcer bred in the Stomach may be known chiefly by the Evacuation of Matter by Vomit and Stool to which primary Sign others may be added For first There is perceived in the Stomach a pricking Pain with Heat especially when any thing acrid salt acid or any thing very hot or very cold is taken inwardly There is moreover a Loss of Appetite Stinking Belching and a small and continual Feaver The Prognostick is most commonly deadly unless the Ulcer be very small and possess the Superficies and has not a Feaver joined with it for the Membrane of the Stomach being ulcerated is difficultly cured and the Nourishment cannot be well concocted and it is rejected before a due concoction besides Medicines can do little good for things that cleanse which are necessary for the Cure of the Ulcer cause Pain and things that dry which should satisfie the other Indication of Healing the Ulcer are continually spoiled by the Meat and Drink and Chyle and other Humours which always stagnate in a weak Stomach The Cure of the foresaid Diseases is to be instituted particularly And first The Cure of the Inflammation is to be begun by Bleeding repeated in the Arm as often as the Strength will bear and though it may seem to be dejected at first by reason of the fainting and Coldness of the extream Parts yet this Infirmity of the Strength proceeds from an Oppression which requires Evacuation and therefore Bleeding ought not to be forbid Moreover the opening of the Hemorrhoid Veins if the Sick has been accustomed to this Evacuation may conveniently cause a Revulsion of the Blood from the Stomach Cupping-glasses applied to the Back and Buttocks both dry and moist Frictions and Ligatures of the extream Parts and the heating those that are wont to be cold by applying hot Cloaths and by anointing them with Oyl of Orris Nard and with other hot things may be also conveniently used to draw the Blood from the Stomach But Purging is not allowed of because it disturbes the Humours and draws them to the Part affected Yet Avicen commends a Decoction of Tamarinds or half an ounce of Cassia dissolved in Endive-water or in Whey and would have it given daily till the seventh Day yet it is better to abstain from all purging at the Beginning but the Seventh Day being over and some Signs of Concoction and Declination appearing Purging may be instituted with a dram of Rhubarb and a Scruple of red Sanders infused in Borrage-water you must add one or two ounces of the Syrup of Roses that the Filth sticking to the Part may be evacuated In the mean while Lenient cooling and emollient Glisters must be daily injected Take of Chicken-broth or a Decoction of Mallows and Violets one Pint of Cassia fresh drawn one ounce of Oyl of Roses and Violets each two ounces of Sugar one ounce and an half Yolks of Eggs number two make a Glister The same altering and corroborating things may be taken inwardly which were proposed for a Cure of the Pain of the Stomach occasioned by a Cholerick Humour But Syrup of Water-lillies and of the Juice of Purslain are peculiarly proper especially at the beginning because they may serve instead of a repelling Medicine Emulsions also of the four cold Seeds and of the Seeds of white-Poppies are proper for they are lenitive and qualifie the Heat and so do also the following Juleps Take of the Waters of Roses three ounces of Plantane two ounces of the Juice of Sorrel one ounce and an half of Sugar of Roses one ounce boil them a little and strain them Let him take two ounces twice or thrice a Day If the Pain be very violent Syrup of Poppies may be taken Let him use for his Drink Barley-water sweetned with Syrup of Violets which he must drink cold In Progress of the Disease Medicines are to be mixed with the foregoing which may help the Resolution to which end the following Julep may be prescribed Take of the Syrups of Water-lillies of Apples and of the Juice of Purslain each one ounce of the Syrup of Roman Wormwood half an ounce of the Waters of Sorrel Lettice and Fennel each three ounces of the Species Diamargarite
most fitly conduce to the carrying down of the Faeces When they I say are forced to give way to a Motion contrary to their Fibres the aforesaid Pain is occasioned from thence which is fixed to one part and is like the boreing of an Auger when either the Valve which is placed at the Beginning of the Colon hinders the going back of the Excrements to the Ilion or any other Membrane belonging to the Sinus sustains alone the Force of this preposterous Impulse We may assign a twofold Cause of this Inversion from whence the Pain arises viz. Obstruction and Iritation First therefore Whatever violently obstructs the Intestines so that nothing can pass downwards necessarily produces this contrary Motion in them Among these Authors are wont to reckon the Excrements hardened gross Wind collected in a great quantity and tying up as it were the Intestines the Constriction of them in a Rupture And lastly An Inflammation and other great Tumours which stop up the Internal Cavity of the Intestine In the mean time we must not deny that this contrary Motion owing its rise to these Causes is rather to be accounted the Motion of these things taken in than of the Intestines nor is this an Inversion of the whole Duct of the Intestines but only of those which are situated above the Seat of that Obstruction wherefore I call an Iliack Passion proceeding hence spurious Secondly I think that in the Iliack Passion the cause of the Inversion of the Peristaltick Motion of the Intestines is most commonly after this Manner viz. Sharp and malignant Humours are cast upon the Stomach and the Guts that are next to it by which the Motion of the Stomach is inverted and forced violently to cast up what is contained in it at length the small Guts that are joined to the Stomack being weakned yield to the violent Motion of it and with them at last the greater follow by Consent the Stomach Vomiting leading as it were the Dance this I call a true Iliack Passion and which is treated of now The Method of cureing it has been hitherto in a manner unknown whatever some boast of the use of Quicksilver and Bullets which besides that they do little good are very oft injurious I have successfully used the following Method When it appears by Glisters cast up by the Mouth and other Signs that it is a true Iliack Passion I endeavour these three things First That the contrary Motion of the Stomach which causes the like Motion of the Guts may be hindred Secondly That the Intestines being weakned by the sharp Humour may be corroborated Thirdly That the Stomach and Guts be freed from these Humours And that I may Answer these Indications I institute the Cure after this Manner First I prescribe one Scruple of Salt of Wormwood in a spoonful of Juice of Lemons to be taken Morning and Evening but at other times of the Day I order some spoonfuls of Mint Water without Sugar or any thing else to be taken twice in an Hour by the repeated use of which alone the Vomiting and the Pain arising from thence will soon vanish At the same time I order a living Kitling to lie continually upon the naked Belly But after the Pain and Vomiting has wholly ceased for the Space of two or three Days I give one dram of the Pill Coch-major dissolved in Mint-water which I also order to be used very often all the time of the working of the Pills that I may the more certainly hinder the Return of the Vomiting nor is the Kitling to be removed before the Patient has taken the Pills I have observed that it is to no purpose to give these Pills or any other Purge how strong soever until the Stomack is strengthned and reduced to its Natural Motion and the Guts also to that which is proper to them for otherwise all Catharticks taken inwardly would prove Emetick and so do more hurt than good and therefore I do not use Purging Medicines until for some Time I have used those Medicines which respect the Stomach I prescribe a very thin Diet for I allow onely some spoonfuls of Chicken-broath to be taken twice or thrice a day in the mean while I order the Patient to keep his Bed all the Time of the Sickness till the Signs of perfect Health appear and when he is well I appoint him to persist in the use of the foresaid Water for a long Time and to keep his Belly warm with Flannels doubled that there may not be a Relapse where unto this Disease is very prone CHAP. LXXIV Of Costiveness BY Costiveness we do not understand a pefect Stoppage of the Belly so that nothing is evacuated downwards as happens in the Iliack Passion but only a slow and unsuitable Evacuation that Way whereby the Excrements and the Relicts of the Meat are seldom ejected and not according to the quantity taken in When the Belly is bound Vapours arise to the Head and Catarrhs and Diseases of the Brain are produced the Concoction is hindred and the Actions of other Parts For the Cure of this Disease the following Medicines must be used Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows and of Lillies each two ounces of the Leaves of Mallows Marshmallows Mercury Violets Bears-breach each one Handful of Linseed and Fenugreek-seeds each half an ounce of the Seeds of Annise one dram and an half of sweet Prunes three pair of the Flowers of Camomil and Melilot each one Pugil boil them to a Pint and an half in the strained Liquor dissolve of Oyl of Lillies and of Fenugreek-seeds each two ounces of fresh-butter half an ounce of Catholicon Duplicatum and of Diaprunum simplex each six drams make a Glister to be injected as often as there is Occasion But we must endeavour to loosen the Belly by other Remedies because by the frequent use of Glisters Nature grows more slothful and at length will never ease the Body without a Glister To this End sweet Prunes or roasted Aples are to be eaten an hour before Meals or in a Decoction of Prunes an ounce of Mauna must be dissolved The following Broth certainly loosens the Belly and keeps it loose for some Days Take of the Leaves of Beet and Mercury each one handful boil them in common Broth let it be taken an Hour before Dinner CHAP. LXXV Of a Lientery and the Caeliack Passion A Lientery is a sort of Loosness wherein the Meat is voided in a short time nothing altered but as it was taken in at the Mouth In the Caeliack Passion the Nourishment is voided crude and imperfectly digested There are many Causes of the Lientery and Caeliack Passion proposed by Authors all which may be reduced to three Heads viz. A cold Intemperies of the Stomach and Intestines an Irritation of those Parts and a great Debility of the retentive Faculty from a grievous and deadly Disease There is another Cause different from those mentioned which uses peculiarly to produce the Caeliack Passion
the Sick bends towards the well Side the Motion of Nature must be furthered by applying Cataplasms made of emollient Roots and Herbs of the Seeds of Flax and of the Flowers of Camomil to which being boiled bruised and pulped Meals Butter Grease and proper Oyls must be added whereby unless the Abscess break and cleanse it self by Urine the Matter breaks into the Cavity of the Belly upon which account sudden Death or an hectick Feaver follows Sometimes the Tumour swells outwards and then it must be opened by a Potential Cautery or with a Knife It also happens sometimes that the Tumours become Scirrhous the Feaver ceasing but the Pain continuing with a greater Sense of Weight and a Numbness of the neighbouring Parts which are most commonly incurable for the Sick falls into a Cachexy and Dropsie yet the Cure may be attempted by emollient inciding and digestive Medicines CHAP. LXXXIX Of Bloody Vrine BLood may be conveyed from many Parts to the Urinal Passages and be mixed with the Urine and so render it bloody but that rarely happens and we only discourse here of Diseases of the Reins and Bladder and of that bloody Urine which proceeds from the fault of those Parts The Blood flows from the Reins and Bladder as from all other Parts either by opening of the Vessells by a Rupture or a Solution of the Continuum but very rarely by reason of the Thinness of the Veins which carry Blood to these Places The most frequent causes are Fullness and Acrimony of the Blood and a Stone in the Kidneys a Fall or Blow the lifting or carrying of a great Weight violent Motion of the Body or the like When Blood flows from the Bladder it is little in quantity The Cure of this Disease must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes And first If it proceed from a great quantity or Acrimony of the Blood Bleeding must be used frequently but little must be taken away at a time and in this case Cupping glasses Frictions and Ligatures must be used to the upper Parts and Derivation must be made by bleeding in the Foot or by opening the Hemorrhoidal Veins When serous and Cholerick Humours promote this Evacuation they must be purged off by Catharticks used by Intervals Take of Rubarb a little torrified and powdered one dram of Coral prepared half a Scruple of the Whey of Goats-milk or of Plantane-water three ounces make a Potion Take of Cassia fresh drawn half an ounce of the Pulp of Tamarinds six drams of Bole-armonick half a Scruple with Sugar make a Bolus After due Revulsions and Evacuations or whilst they are used if there be occasion such things as restrain the Blood and heal the Veins must be given but they must not be presently used least the Blood should be stopt too soon and being thickned it should coagulate somewhere for this Purpose the Juice of Plantane fresh drawn is much commended four or five ounces of it being taken Morning and Evening which is also very proper in all Hemorrhagies but if it be too cold for the Stomach it may be boiled a little with Sugar Sheeps-milk is also much commended four ounces of it being taken with a dram of Bole-armenick but after takeing it the Sick must not sleep nor exercise himself Decoctions also of Knot-grass Horse-tail Purslain and of the Tops of Brambles sweetned with Syrup of Quinces or to qualifie the Heat of the Blood the following Apozem may be used Take of the Leaves of Lettice Purslain Plantane and Comfrey each one handful of the four greater and lesser cold Seeds each one dram of Jujubes three pair of Liquorish half an ounce of the Flowers of Water-lillies of Violets and of Roses each one Pugil make a Decoction to a Pint and an half in the strained Liquor dissolve of Gum-tragacanth a dram and an half of Syrup of Violets and of dried Roses each one ounce and an half of Sal-prunella half an ounce of the Troches of Alkakengi without Opium half a dram make an Apozem for four Doses To thicken and restrain the Blood more powerfully we may add to it an ounce of Syrup of Poppies If the Disease be lasting an Electuary may be made in the following manner Take of the Conserves of Roses and of the Roots of Comfrey each two ounces of sealed Earth and Bole-Armenick of Dragons-blood red Coral Blood-stone and Troches of Ambar each one dram of Hypocistis grains of Kermes and of the Seeds of Plantane each one scruple with equal Parts of Syrup of Mirtles and of Poppies make an Electuary whereof let him take the quantity of a Walnut Morning and Evening drinking upon it a little Plantane-water Dr. Gordon's Troches are also reckoned excellent in this Case But because Clots of Blood are wont to be retained in the Bladder and to occasion violent Symptoms for the Dissolution of them it will be convenient to drink warm now and then Mallow-water mixed with a little Vinegar but the quantity of the Vinegar must be so small that it can scarce be tasted Outwardly Topicks must be applied to the Region of the Loins such as are proper to cool and bind the Reins Take of the Roots of Bristort and of Comfrey each one ounce of the Leaves of Plantane Purslain Shepherds-purse Knot-grass each one handful of the Flowers of Pomegranates half an ounce of the grains of Sumach and Mirtles and of Hypocistis each two drams of the Cups of Acorns and of yellow and red Sanders each one dram of red Roses three Pugils boil them in Smith's-water with a little Vinegar strain the Liquor and foment the Reins with it warm A Bath may be made of the same Decoction the quantity of it being increased Take of the Juice of Plantane and of Blood-wort each two ounces of Vinegar half an ounce of Omphacine Oyl one ounce boil them to the Consumption of the Juices then add of Dragons-blood Mastich and of Pomegranate-peel each two drams of Champhor half a dram of the Countesses Oynoment four ounces of Wax a sufficient quantity make a Liniment Anoint the Loins with it frequently at the time you use it mix a little Vinegar with it Leaden Plates with many holes in them worn upon the Reins are very proper When the Voiding of Blood proceeds from the Stone the following Method has been found very successful by Dr. Sydenham who was much troubled with the Gout the Stone in the Kidneys and a bloody Urine and I have also found it very successful I drank says he two ounces and a half of Manna dissolved in a quart of Whey swallowing now and then a little of the Juice of Lemmons while I was purging to quicken this Cathartick which used to work slowly and to render it more pleasant to the Stomach It can scarce be said how much Ease I received about the Region of the Reins by the use of this Remedy for though they did not always ach before yet they were affected with a heavy and troublesom Pain and
because it succeeded so well with me I took the same of a set day once a Week for some Months and after every Purge I plainly found my self better and could bear the shaking of a Coach when it went fast and was indeed wholly freed from this Symptom But it returning again some time after I took it twice a Week for three Weeks and afterwards only once a Week I continued this Method some Months on set Days and the Bleeding quite stopped The Diet that I observed is as follows In the Morning when I rise I drink a Dish of Tea at Dinner I moderately refresh my self with any sort of Meat of easie Digestion that I like a draught of small Beer is to me instead of a Supper and when I am in Bed I take another draught that by this Julep I may cool and dilute the hot and acrid Juices lodged in the Kidneys whereof the Stone is generated and I prefer at this time and at Dinner time small Beer that has Hopps in it before that which has none for though that which is not hopped is smoother and softer and so fitter to carry off the Stone from the Kidneys yet that which is hopped by reason of the stiptick Quality which the Hopps impart to it is not so apt to generate sandy and stony Matter as that which is not hopped the Substance whereof is more viscous and slimy I take care to go to Bed early especially in Winter and to prevent a bloody Urine I take care that as often as I have occasion to ride a long Way upon the Stones to drink a large draught of small Beer before I go and also before my Return if I be abroad a pretty while whereby I secure my self pretty well from bloody Urine CHAP. XC Of an Vlcer of the Reins and Bladder AN Ulcer is occasioned in the Reins and Bladder by three Causes first from an Abscess broken secondly from the Acrimony of the Humours and thirdly from a rough Stone and this is the most frequent and ordinary cause Among the Diagnostick Signs the first and chief is the voiding of Matter with Urine which continuing a while certainly shews an Ulcer in the urinary Passages but whither the Reins or the Bladder are affected with the Ulcer may be known by the Situation of the Pain as whether it be in the Region of the Loins or in the Pubis or Perinaeum Moreover Matter proceeding from the Reins is better concocted is white light and not at all stinking because the Parenchyma of the Reins being fleshy concocts better and the Matter is also in a greater quantity and more mixt with the Urine which looks like Milk along while after voiding it the Matter is seperated from it and falls to the Bottom of the Chamber-pot But Purulent Matter flowing from the Bladder is little and not much mixed with the Urine nor so concocted but crude variegated and stinks much for the Part having little Heat cannot sufficiently concoct the Matter but from the Neck of the Bladder or from the urinal Passage pure Matter without Urine is often voided Moreover In an Ulcer of the Bladder or of its Neck there is a continual Heat of Urine and a continual Pain in the part which is not so in an Ulcer of the Reins for in that Ulcer the Heat of Urine and Pain cease sometimes When the Ulcer is deep Blood sometimes flows out plentifully which is difficultly stopt and often small pieces of the Parts are voided with the Blood and Matter viz. most commonly small Caruncles from the Reins sometimes they are larger and passing difficultly through the Ureters they occasion a Nephritick Pain but from the Bladder small Scales or small Membranous Skins flow like Bran. And lastly In a long and callous Ulcer of the Bladder a mucous Flegm is produced As to the Prognostick these Ulcers are very difficultly cured because there is a perpetual Flux of Humours to the Part for though the Serum of its own Nature is cleansing yet when it is infected with other qualities it is not so and when acrid and salt Humours are mixed with it â—hey occasion Ulcers or further them Fresh Ulcers of the Reins and Bladder may be cured but when they are inveterate they are incurable In old Men they can never be cured in young Men they may sometimes but with great Difficulty Ulcers that are occasioned by the Stone cannot be cured till the Stone is extracted The Pain and other Symptoms which accompany these Ulcers occasion Watchings and waste the Body and at length the Sick is brought into a Cachexy and Consumption The Cure of the Ulcers of the Reins and Bladder as of all other Ulcers is performed by cleansing drying and consolidating Medicines To which end the following things may be used And First if there be a Plethora or an Inflammation of the Part Bleeding must be ordered first in the Arm and afterwards in the Foot Afterwards Purging must be prescribed frequently that the vitious Humours abounding in the whole Body and flowing to the Part affected may be evacuated but only gentle and lenitive Medicines must be ordered as Cassia Manna Syrup of Roses Rubarb and Agarick reduced to a Bolus or some other solid Form because in a liquid Form they easily run to the Urinary Passage and so increase the Acrimony The following Electuary may be prescribed Take of Polypody of the Oak and of Liquorish rasped each half an ounce of the four greater Cold Seeds each one dram of the Flowers of Violets and Borrage each half a pugil of Jujubes six pair of Damask Prunes three pair of Raisins half an ounce of Senna cleansed two ounces and an half infuse them a Night in Barley-water boil them in the Morning and strain them afterwards dissolve an ounce and an half of Manna in a sufficient quantity of the Decoction strain it again add to it three ounces of Cassia fresh drawn boil them to the Consistence of an Electuary adding at last half an ounce of Rubarb powdered The Dose is one ounce once a Week two Hours before eating Or Take of Cassia two ounces of Manna one ounce and an half of the Pulp of Sebestines and Tamarinds each one ounce of the Mucilage of the Seeds of Psyllium six drams of the four greater cold Seeds each one dram of Juice of Liquorish two drams with Syrup of Roses solutive make an Electuary If you add Mercurius Dulcis to the Electuaries above mentioned it will succeed the better for it is of great Vertue to cleanse and heal all inward and outward Vlcers Among Purgers Turpentine is reckoned and is much commended in this case because it loosens the Belly and cleanses the Ulcer half an ounce of it washed in Plantane water must be given in Powder of Liquorish but it is chiefly to be used when the Urine is very mucous and thick Vomiting is much commended by many whereof some provoke it before Meals with warm water and Oyl with which only Remedy
Troches of Alkakengi which are peculiarly proper in this case must be used inwardly Also Emulsions of the cold Seeds of the Seeds of white Poppies adding if there be occasion Syrup of Poppies And lastly The Conserve of the Flowers of Marsh-mallows must be frequently given And the following Fomentation may be used to the Region of the Reins Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows of the Leaves of Mallows Pellitory and Violets each one handful of the seeds of Flax Fenugreek and Alkakengi each three drams of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot and Water-lillies each one Pugil make a Decoction wherewith foment the Part with Flannels After the Fomentation use the following Liniment Take of Oyl of Violets and of sweet Almonds each one ounce and an half of Oyl of Roses one ounce of the Mucilages of the Seeds of Marshmallows and Fenugreek each two ounces of Suffron one scruple make a Liniment But to ease the Pain new Milk from the Cow with Dr. Gordon's Troches dissolved in it injected is the best Anodyne for it eases the pain and cures the Ulcer CHAP. XCI Of a Diabetes THis Disease was so rare amongst the Ancients that many famous Physicians made no mention of it but in our Age wherein excessive Drinking has been especially of Wine so much used there are many Instances of it As to the Cure The chief intentions of Healing are to prevent fusion of the Blood and to take off that which is so First The Fusion of the Blood is hindred when its gross and watry Parts contain one another and are contained so that they do not too hastily separate which may be effected by thickning Remedies and for this Purpose Rice Starch and Mucilaginous Vegetables also Gums and some resinous things are of use Secondly That the Fusion of the Blood may be taken off such Remedies are indicated as dissolve the Concretions of the Salts I have prescribed in this Disease the Tincture of Antimony with good success and Lime-water with the Seeds of Annise Raisins and Liquorish is much commended by some A Noble-man fell into a desperate Diabetes for besides that he voided a Gallon and an half of clear Urine that was almost as sweet as Honey in the space of a Night and a Day he was also afflicted with great Thirst a Hectick Feaver great Weakness and with a wasting of the whole Body he was cured in a short time by the following Medicines Take of the Tops of Cypress eight handfuls of the Whites of Eggs a quart of Cinnamon half an ounce having cut them small pour upon them four Quarts of new Milk and distill them in a cold Still Have a care of an Empyrema He took six ounces of it thrice a day Take of Gum-Arabick and Tragacanth each six drams of Penediate Sugar one ounce make a Powder give one dram or one dram and an half twice a day with three or four ounces of the distilled Water Take of Rubarb powdered fifteen grains of Cinnamon six grains make a Powder let him take it in the Morning and repeat it six or seven days after Take of Cowslip-water three ounces of Cinnamon-water hordeated two drams with half an ounce of Diacodium make a draught to be taken at Bed-time every Night His Diet was altogether in a manner of Milk which he eat sometimes crude sometimes boiled with Bread or Barley sometimes it was diluted with a distilled water or with Barley-water When he had been well a long time he fell into the same Disease again and the same Method and Medicines were ordered again whereby he grew better in a few Days afterwards he took five or six ounces of Lime-water daily thrice in a Day and having used it four days he voided Urine in a moderate quantity well coloured and somewhat salt I cured another of a deplorable Diabetes by the same Method especially with Lime-water CHAP. XCII Of Incontinence of Vrine INcontinence of Urine proceeds from a fault of the retentive Faculty of the Bladder it befalls either People waking and then the cause is great or sleeping and then it is less for at that time the Animal Functions are not so freely exercised and this happens two Ways viz. Either by the Weakness or Laxity of the Sphincter Muscle of the Bladder which sucking Children are subject to old People and some in their middle Age and others by false Imagination for many there are who by reason of excessive Drinking or by reason of the exquisite sense of the Bladder or sharp Urine piss in Bed in some sort willingly for they imagine in their Sleep that they are making Water against the Wall or some other Place and they are so accustomed to this Vice that they do it where there is no Fault either in Bladder or Muscle of it and they are not cured by Medicines but by rectifying their Imagination as in Children by the Rod and in grown People by placing some precious things upon the Places where they think they make water in their Dreams and by shewing such things to them often But a preternatural Disorder occasioning an Incontinence of Urine is seated in the Sphincter Muscle which is either affected Sympathically or Idiopathically it is affected by Sympathy many Ways as when the whole Body is weak and the Natural Heat decayed as when Death approaches or when the whole Body or half of it is seised with the Palsie or those Branches of the Nerves only which arising from the Os sacrum are communicated to the Bladder This Resolution of the Muscles is occasioned sometimes by reason of the Nearness to other Parts affected as in Women with Child in swellings and Pains of the Womb and great Diseases of the right Gut But the Sphincter Muscle is also affected various ways Idiopathically as by Wounds upon it as it happens in cutting for the Stone or by reason of deep Wounds that hinder the Contraction and Shutting of it but the chief and most frequent cause is a cold and moist Intemperies whereby that part is weakned and relaxed This Intemperies is much furthered by a natural cold and moist Constitution by Childhood Age the Feminine Sex by Diseases of the whole Body or of some Parts arising from a cold and moist Intemperies to which may be added external causes proper to produce such an Intemperies The Diagnostick Signs of this Disease either shew a Sympathick Disease which are to be taken from the Effects proper to produce an Incontinence of Urine mentioned above and if they are present we must suppose the Disease proceeds thence but if they are absent we must count it Idiopathick and if it be occasioned by a Wound Ulcer or any other Disorder of the Sphincter it is easily known but if none of these appear we must consider whither there be a cold and moist Intemperies of the part which may be known by the Constitution of the Internal and external Causes and by the Effects of them as softness of the whole Body a pale Colour a Laxity of the
it before in those parts but if he be delirious or paralitick the Suppression of Urine may be imputed to either of these Diseases The Compression that is made by Tumours of those or of the neighbouring parts or by other Causes above mentioned may be known by the proper Signs of those Diseases The Obstructions of the Channel of the Bladder may be known by probing it with a Wax Candle or a Catheter and if they do not penetrate but stop in the Passage it is a Sign that a Stone or a Caruncle or some other Matter obstructs and these things that obstruct may be distinguished viz. If a Stone stop the Channel Nephritick Pains went before if it fell from the Reins and if it was bred in the Bladder or lay a long while there the Signs of the Stone in the Bladder preceded at least some of the gentlest of them if a Caruncle stop the Passage a virulent Gonorrhea preceded or an Ulcer in the Passage of the Yard that emitted purulent Matter for a long time Lastly If clotted Blood or concreted Matter or thick Pus occasioned the Obstruction small parts of them have been evacuated through the Yard or have stuck to the Catheter when it has been used A false Ischury may be known for that there is no Tension nor no Tumour nor Weight in the Region of the Pubis but rather a Vacuity is perceived there there is no desire of making Water nor no Irritation of the Bladder and when the Catheter is used it passes in easily but Signs of the Stone in the Kidneys went before or of an Inflammation of the Ureters or of great Fullness or large Drinking went before but little Urine followed upon which account the Veins were too much filled Or Lastly there is a burning Feaver or a Dropsie whereby the Serous Matter is diverted As to the Prognostick A Suppression of Urine is very dangerous if it exceed the Seventh Day it certainly kills for the Serum regurgitates upon the whole Body and the Patient is in danger of a Suffocation or a Coma. Suppression of Urine occasioned by a Wound in the Spine or by reason of a Luxation of a Vertebra is incurable If the Smell of Urine can be perceived from the Mouth or Nostrils of the Sick it is deadly If a Tenesmus come upon a Suppression of Urine the Sick dies in seven Days The Hickops also indicate sudden Death The Cure of a Suppression of Urine whether it be total or partial is to be directed to the taking off the Causes And First The false Ischury that depends on the Diseases of the Reins or Ureters must be cured in the same manner as an Inflammation a nephritick Pain or the Stone in the Kidneys But that which proceeds from a Fulness of the Emulgent Veins must be cured by large Bleeding and by Hydragogue Medicines A true Ischury must be also cured by Remedies that take off the cause producing it And First If it proceed from an Inflammation of the Bladder or neighbouring Parts it must be cured as an Inflammation of the Bladder is but if the Suppression is caused by a Stone thrust into the Neck of the Bladder it must be removed by the following Remedies First The Sick must be laid upon his Back and his Legs must be elevated and he must be shook much and a long while that the Stone may fall back into the Bladder and if by this means it cannot be moved it must be forced back with a Catheter but if the Stone has passed into the Passage of the Yard we must endeavour by all Ways to exclude it by moving gently with the Fingers towards the end of the Yard and also by dipping the Yard into warm Milk or by placing the Sick in a Bath to enlarge the Passage But if it will neither go backwards nor forwards Practitioners teach that it must be cut out the upper and lower part being tied But an Obstruction of the Neck of the Bladder which proceeds from an Inflammation must be cured by proper Remedies for an Inflammation But in the mean time if the Urine be retained too long it may be gently let out by a Wax-candle dipt in Oyl of sweet Almonds But you must forbear the Use of a Catheter least Pain being occasioned you should increase the Inflammation thereby But the Suppression of Urine which proceeds from a Caruncle must be cured by the Extirpation of the Caruncle This must be done by proper Remedies thrust in by a skillful Chirurgion upon a Wax-candle But Necessity urging for sometimes the Caruncle swells and obstructs the whole Channel we must use the Catheter to evacuate the Water though there is danger that the Part will swell more But you must first endeavour to lessen the Inflation of the Caruncle by Bleeding and Vomiting and by repelling Medicines applied to the Pubes and Perinaeum If the Suppression of Urine be occasioned by thick Flegm Purging is first convenient with Diaphaenicon and Rubarb made up in a Bolus and afterwards Turpentine must be given frequently with Powder of Liquorish afterwards a Decoction of the opening Roots may be given with Oxymel and Byzantine Syrup In the mean while Glisters Fomentations and emollien and opening Baths must be used and all those things are proper that are proposed to dissolve or expell the Stone And amongst the rest the following are found by Experience peculiarly proper Take of Benedictum Laxativum half an ounce of the Troches of Mirrh two scruples of a Decoction of Savin three ounces mingle them make a Potion whereby a Suppression of Urine was cured in a short time in a certain Woman If there seem to be abundance of Flegm in the whole Body a universal Purge by an Apozem prepared for three or four Days must be ordered which is proper at the beginning Bleeding being first used A Julep also of the Juice of Pellitory of Sea-fennel and of Lemmons with Oyl of sweet Almonds is also very beneficial Dodoneus mentions an Observation of one of eighty Years of Age that was perfectly cured of a Suppression of Urine by only using once a Lee made of the Ashes of Egg-shells mixed with Rhenish-wine Arnoldus Villa Novanus commends Winter-cherry-wine and he mentions a Cardinal who had not made Urine for four Days and was much swelled was cured by drinking Winter-cherry-wine the Wine was made by beating five or seven or more winter-cherries with good White-wine afterwards it must be strained Millepedes also beat and given in White-wine are very Effectual to provoke Urine Oyl of Scorpions of Mathiolus also forces Urine powerfully five or six drops of it being given with Broth or some other Liquor The frequent use of Sal-prunella does also the same especially when there is danger of an Inflammation which is often occasioned in the inner Coat by the Urine too long retained Spirit of Salt also does the same but is more effectual the Juice of Pellitory clarified and four ounces of it given with half an
cold moist Intemperies or a hot and dry Intemperies also organical Diseases of the Part as an Inflammation or Scirrhus or the like The Vessels of the Womb also often occasion Obstructions which is the most frequent cause of the Suppression of the Courses they being stopt by cold and thick Humours or compressed by Swellings of the neighbouring Parts The Blood is peccant when it is thick and Clammy or when it is evacuated by other ways as by the Nostrils Vomiting Spitting Hemorrhoides and many other Parts I saw sayes Riverius a Girl that had a Pustle in the Head which opened Monthly and evacuated a large quantity of Blood and I have seen many says he that by casting up Blood Periodically from the Lungs had the Courses that Way The external Causes occasioning this Suppression are cold and dry Air and a Northerly Season going into Cold Water especially when the Courses flow too little or too much Nourishment taken also gross and cold Meats or such as are astringent and such as are too hot or such as are salted and spiced too much violent exercise immoderate Watchings much sleep immoderate Ease Bleeding at the Nose or Piles a Loosness and other Evacuations by Vomit Urine and Sweat And lastly violent Passions as extream Anger a sudden Fright long Sorrow great Jealousie and the like The Diagnostick of the Suppression must be received from the Sick but because it proceeds both from natural and preternatural causes the Signs of both shall be distinctly proposed least Physicians should be deceived by Women being with Child by illegitimate Coition and so prescribe Medicines to provoke the Courses rashly to Women with Child First therefore Women with Child most commonly retain their natural Colour and others do not Secondly the Symptoms which use to happen to Women with Child at the beginning abate daily but on the contrary in a Suppression of the Courses the longer they are stopt so much the more the Symptoms are increased Thirdly In Women with Child after the third Month the Motion and Situation of the Child may be sensibly perceived by laying the hand on the Belly but in others the Swelling is Oedematous and not at all hard nor is it always contained within the Limits of the Womb. Fourthly If the inward Mouth of the Womb be touched by a Skilful Midwife she will find it not exactly closed as it is in Women with Child but rather hard contracted and somewhat painful Fifthly Women with Child are most commonly chearful but on the contrary in a Suppression they are most commonly sorrowful and sad The Faults of the Womb which occasion a Suppression may be seen by Inspection and be felt by touching the Parts The Obstruction and Narrowness of the Vessels of the Womb may be known by the Disorder that is felt in the Loyns and in the Parts near the Womb especially just before the Coming of the Courses and if any thing flows out it is mucous whitish or blackish The Diseases of the neighbouring Parts which stop the Mouth of the Womb or the Veins may be known by their proper Signs An abundance of Blood may be known by the Veins being much swelled in the Legs and Arms if the Woman be fleshy and of a ruddy Countenance and has indulged her self for a long while in high Eating But a Defect of Blood may be guessed at if the Woman be fat if she has had a long Feaver and has fasted a long while or has loathed heâ— Meat An â—ll quality of the Blood may be known by an ill Habit of Body the preposterous Motion of the Blood viz. When it flows by contrary Passages is manifest of it self As to the Prognostick a Suppression of the Courses is very dangerous and many desperate Diseases rise from it some in the Womb as Tumours Abscesses and Ulcers others in the whole Body and in various Parts as Feavers Obstructions Cachexies Loathing of Meat a Dropsie a Cardialgia a Cough Difficulty of Breathing Fainting Melancholly Madness Pains of the Head Gout and many others if the Suppression continue long the Belly grows hard great quantity of Urine is voided there is a Loathing of Meat and long Watching the Legs Feet and Belly swell and they die of a Dropsie The Cure of this Disease must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes And first If it proceed from too great a quantity of Blood Bleeding must be ordered in the Arm and a large quantity of Blood must be taken away afterwards it must be drawn downwards by opening the lower Veins about the time the Woman used to have her Courses before she was ill Frictions Ligatures Cupping-glasses with and without Scarification may be used If by reason of want of Blood the Courses stop as after long Feavers after great Evacuations and when the Body is much wasted you must not endeavour to provoke the Courses till the Body is replenished and till a sufficient quantity of Blood is bred which being done they generally follow of their own accord But if it happen that Nature forget her Office she must be roused up by opening the lower Veins and by Medicines proposed in the foregoing Chapter but the quantity of Blood taken away must be moderate least the Strength should be dejected and the Sick should fall into a Consumption But here it must be carefully noted That every Wasting of the Body does not indicate a Want of Blood but only that which succeeds great Evacuations and the like for sometimes it happens that the Courses being suppressed and retained in the Veins occasion an ill quality whereby the Blood is rendred unfit to nourish the Parts upon which account the Body wasts though the Veins are full of Blood in which Case large Bleeding is required As to the Suppression of the Courses which happens by a preposterous Motion of the Blood when it is evacuated by Bleeding at the Nose by Vomiting Spitting or the Hemorrhoides and other Parts The Cure of it is performed by repelling the Blood from the Parts through which it flows preternaturally and by drawing it back to the Passage of the Womb. The first is performed when the Blood rushes out of the upper Parts by washing the Arms Head and Face with cold water and by forbearing the Exercise of those Parts especially Singing and speaking aloud The second is performed by opening the inferior Veins three or four Days before the Blood breaks out and by Cupping-glasses applied to the Thighs and Legs sometimes with sometimes without Scarification by provoking the Hemorrhoids by Frictions Ligatures Walking Fomentations Baths made of opening Herbs Pessaries uterine Glisters and by other things to be described below But the Bath-water is especially commended and the Sick must bath in them often a good while after Meals but the Water must not rise above the Hypochondres and at the same time the upper Parts must be cooled by fanning them If the Blood flow by the Hemmorrhoides the Cure is very difficult for if you use
quantity of them being increased or diminished as there seems occasion In the mean time if the Belly be hard it must be loosened by things that purge gently and cooling Glisters frequently injected do much good in qualifying the Inflammation the Womb lying upon the right Gut But the quantity of them must be very small that they may be the longer retained Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce of the leaves of Mallows Violets and Lettice each one handful of Night-shade half an handful of the flowers of Violets and red Roses each one pugil of acid Prunes number ten boyl them in Barly-water to six ounces of the strained Liquor add three ounces of Oyl of Roses make a Glister If the pain be very violent to the foresaid Glister may be added yolks of Eggs Hens grease Woman's milk the mucilages of the Seeds of Fenugreek Flax oâ— Mallows and a little Opium and a little Saffron Injections may be also made for the Womb of Goats or Sheeps milk with Opium or Saffron each Grains three or four with a little Rose-water Or to the Pessaries may be added a moderate quantity of Opium with a little Saffron yolks of Eggs and Oyl of Roses or Pessaries may be made of Philonium Romanum with Cotton or an anodyne Fomentation may be prepared in the following manner Take of Marsh-mallows with the roots of Mallows and Violets each one handful of Camomile Melilot and Roses each one pugil boil them for a fomentation The Disease decreasing Purging must be repeated with gentle Catharticks but if it tend to resolution which may be known by a remission of the Symptoms and by a lesser weight in the part Discutients must be added in larger a quantity to the foresaid Remedies or make the following Cataplasm Take of the Powder of the roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce of the flowers of Melilot and Camomile each two drachms of the leaves of Mugwort powder'd of the Meal of Barly and Beans each half an ounce boil them a little in rough Wine add to them of fresh Lard of the Oils of Camomile and of white Lillies each one ounce make a Cataplasm A dissolving fomentation or bath is here also of use If the Tumor cannot be dissolved but tends to supparation it must be furthered by the following Cataplasm Take of the powder of the roots of Marsh-mallows of the flowers of Camomile and Melilot of the Meal of Linseeds Fenugreek-seeds each one ounce of fat Figs number eight boil them to the consistence of a Cataplasm then add of the yolks of Eggs number four of Saffron ten grains of Oil of Lillies and fresh Butter each one ounce make a Cataplasm The Pus being made which may be known by the remission of the heat and pain and by its â—loating when it is touched the breaking of the abscess must be endeavoured by the motion of the Body Sneazing Coughing by applying Cupping-glasses by cleansing and attenuating Injections or by Pessaries that have a faculty of breaking Tumors For instance Take of Goose-fat half an ounce of Turpentine two drachms of the powder of the seeds of Rue and of Orris-root each half a drachm mix them and make a Pessary The Abscess being broken we must endeavour to cleanse and heal the Ulcer as shall be shewed in the following Chapter CHAP XCIX Of an Vlcer in the Womb. AN Ulcer follows an Inflammation of the Womb suppurated it also proceeds from other causes viz. from whatever corrodes the Womb. Therefore the causes of it are an Abscess broken acrid Humours flowing to the Womb acrid and corrâ—ding Medicines injected or taken inwardly as Cantharides The antecedent causes are all those things that occasion an Inflammation as hard Labour violent and ungovernable Copulation acrid and long Whites Wounds Falls Contusions but especially a virulent Gonorrhaea and the French Pox the Contagion whereof is easily communicated to the Womb and the neck of it The differences are to be sought for from the Place Magnitude Figure and Complication with other Diseases The diagnostick Signs are a Pain and Gnawing and the evacuation of purulent Matter The cure of the Ulcer must be performed by stoping the defluxion of acrid Humours and by cleansing and conglutinating the Ulcer And first if the Body be Plethorick or if the Ulcer be accompanied with an Inflammation a Vein must be opened in the Arm and bleeding must be repeated as often as there is danger of a new fluxion especially at the time of the Courses to lessen them which are wont to increase the matter of the Ulcer and to promote the flux of other Humours to the Womb. Purging is also very necessary to cleanse the Body from ill Humours but it ought to consist of gentle Catharticks as of Sena Rhubarb Tamarinds Myrabolanes and the like which must be often repeated that the vitious Humours may be diverted and this is of so great moment that Forestus says That a noble Matron was cured of an Ulcer of the Womb by taking every fourth day five ounces of the decoction of Sena Dodder of Thym red Roses Indian Myrabolanes sweetned with Sugar and by injecting a cleansing decoction into the Womb. For common use a magisterial Syrup may be made in the following manner Take of the roots of Comfry and of fresh Polypody of the Oak each one ounce of the Bark of dried Citron six drachms of the leaves of Plantain Periwinkle Sanicle Sorrel and Maiden-hair each one handful of Liquorish rasped and of Raisins of the Sun stoned each one ounce of Sena cleansed six drachms of the seeds of Bastard-saffron bruised two ounces of Agarick fresh trochiscated and tyed up in a Rag ten drachms of the seeds of Anise and Melon each three drachms of the Cordial Flowers of Rosemary and of Dodder each one pugil make a decoction of all in a part of which infuse half an ounce of choice Rhubarb and one drachm of Cinnamon in a pint and an half of the strained Liquor dissolve three ounces of Syrup of Roses solutive and a sufficient quantity of Sugar boil them well and make a Syrup whereof let her take two or three ounces twice or thrice in a month with a decoction of Agrimony and Plantain or with an infusion of Rhubarb in Endive water If the sick vomits easily a Vomit is most useful for it makes a revulsion of the Humours from the Womb and the days the sick does not purge a vulnerary decoction must be used a long while made in the following manner Take of the leaves of Agrimony Knot-grass Burnet and Plantain each half a handful of the roots of China three drachms of Coriander-seed one drachm of Raisins half an ounce of red Sanders one scruple boil them in Chicken Broath strain it Let the sick take of it morning and evening Or Take of the leaves of Mugwort Plantain Yarrow each one handful Rhaponticum half an ounce of the seeds of Nettles one drachm boil them in a measure of white Wine and sweeten it with Sugar let
added Sulphur CHAP. C. Of the Scirrhus of the Womb. THE signs of a Scirrhus in the Womb are a hardness in the region of it a sense of weight in the part especially when the Sick stands but there is no Fever or Pain whereby it is distinguish'd from an Inflammation and if there be any Pain it is small If it be in the body of the Womb it is easily known by feeling the region of the Pubes but if it be in the Neck of the Womb it may be touch'd with the Finger it is distinguish'd from a Mola by the preceding Causes also because in a Mola the Courses if they flow flow disorderly But in a Scirrhus if they flow they keep their order Also in a Mola the Breasts are full of Milk but in a Scirrhus they grow small As to the Prognostick every Scirrhus is difficultly cur'd for great hardness once contracted can scarce be mollified Moreover the Natural Heat in the part affected with the Scirrhus is very weak so that it can scarce discuss the gross and almost stony Matter A great and obstinate Scirrhus occasions at length a Dropsie If a Scirrhus of the Womb be treated with too hot and too moistening Remedies it degenerates into a Cancer The Cure is to be directed to two things viz. to the antecedent and conjunct cause By reason of the antecedent Cause Bleeding must be ordered first in the Arm if the Disease be not very inveterate But afterwards in the inferior Veins especially when the Courses are stopt The opening of the Hemorrhoidal Veins is also very proper for they evacuate feculent Blood and draw from the Womb by reason of the Communication which they have with it Purging is also necessary and it must be repeated by intervals The Purges must be made of such things as evacuate Melancholy First you must use such as are gentle afterwards stronger But opening Medicines and such as prepare the Melancholy Humor must be given before Purges in the Forms of Apozems Juleps or Broaths according to the Disposition of the Sick But besides common Apperitives chalybeat Medicines must be also used whereby the great Obstruction in the Womb and other Parts may be dissolved And that the superfluous Humors may be diverted Issues should be made in the Legs and must be continued there till the Courses which are generally stopt in this Disease return orderly For the conjunct Cause emollient and resolving Medicines must be applied outwardly in the following manner Take of the Roots of Marshmallows and of Lillies each two ounces of the Leaves of Mallows Violets Marshmallows and Bears-breach each one handful of the Leaves of Mugword and Calamint half an handful of the Seeds of Flax and Fenugreek each one ounce of the Flowers of Camomile and Melilot each one pugil Make a Decoction wherewith foment the Region of the Pubes and Groin with a Spunge dipt in it and pressed out To mollifie more a Decoction may be made of the Entrails of a Sheep and the Roots of Briony and wild Cucumber may be added But you must begin with things that are gentle and proceed by degrees to stronger Of the same Decoction the Dose of the Simples being increased a Bath may be made which is very effectual in this case and more powerful than the Fomentation Glisters also and Injections may be made of the same Decoction and frequently used whereunto may be added the Oils of Lillies Camomil and Sweet Almonds Take of the Oils of Lillies and of Sweet Almonds each three ounces of the Mucilage of the Seeds of Fenugreek extracted with White-Wine one ounce of the Fat 's of Hens Geese and Ducks each one ounce and an half of fresh Butter and of Lard of each two ounces with a sufficient quantity of Wax and Turpentine make an Ointment The following is approved of in all Scirrhus's Take of Bdellium Ammoniacum and Galbanum each equal parts beat them in a Mortar with Oil of Ben and Lillies then add of the Mucilages of the Seeds of Fenugreek Flax and of Figs a like quantity make an Ointment Of the same Matter Wax being added an effectual Plaster may be made and applied to the region of the Womb behind and before or Diachylon with Orris may be applied A Cataplasm may be made of the residue of the Decoction for the foresaid Bath bruised and pulped adding to it of the Meal of Fenugreek and Flax-Seeds each one ounce of Figs number six of the Powder of Orris Root two drachms of Saffron half a drachm of hens Fat and Oil of Sweet Almonds each a sufficient quantity make a Cataplasm The Mud of a Sulphurous Bath may be applied instead of a Cataplasm But these Medicines must be used with great caution lest the Scirrhus should be hardned or what is much worse should degenerate into a Cancer So that it is best to desist by intervals and it is to no purpose to use Medicines when the Scirrhus is without Pain and of a stony nature CHAP. CI. Of a Cancer of the Womb. A Cancer of the Womb is a hard Swelling of the Body or Neck of it with pricking and lanceing Pain It is occasioned by black Choler collected in that part or by a Scirrhus ill cured which easily degenerates into a Cancer in that part especially by reason of a great afflux of Blood which being retained in the Veins near the Scirrhus and not sufficiently evacuated by the Courses acquires a malignant quality It is twofold either ulcerated or not ulcerated As long as the Morbific Matter is of lesser Acrimony and Malignity the Cancer does not break but when the Matter becomes more acrid it causes an Ulcer It is easily known by what has been said for if there be a hard Tumor in the Body or Neck of the Womb which occasions a pricking and lancing Pain you may pronounce it cancerous But it is more evidently distinguished if it be seen by the Eyes as when it is in the Neck of the Womb by the help of a Speculum Matricis for then an unequal livid or black Tumor encompassed with Branches of Veins will appear But if it be ulcerated it casts forth a yellow or black Sanies that stinks much and sometimes Blood by reason the Veins are corroded which run to it so that sometimes when a large Vessel is opened it flows so much that the Life of the Sick is hazarded There is also a small Fever Anxiety Nauseousness and a Heat of the Privities and the like As to the Prognostick a Cancer is incurable whether it be ulcerated or not wherefore seeing a perfect Cure cannot be expected we must endeavour to hinder the breaking of it and the increase of it when it is broken and in both we must qualifie the Violence of the Pain which may be done by such things as evacuate the whole Body and by other Remedies which alter and evacuate the melancholy Humor and black Choler and hinder their Growth As by bleeding in the Arm Hemorrhoids Foot Potions
and Ambergrise each six grains with a little white Wax make a Liniment wherewith anoint the said Parts and anoint within with Civet or with natural Indian Balsam Lastly let Plasters be applied to the Perineum and the Loins and let rhem be worn continually Take of the Plaster for the Matrix four ounces of the Plaster of Mastick two ounces of Gum Tachamacha and Caranna each one ounce of the Powder of the Roots of Tormentil and Bistort each three ounces of the Powder of Myrtles two drachms of Aromatic Rosat four scruples moisten them with Oil of Quinces and with a drachm of Oil of Nutmegs spread two Plasters upon Leather the one round for the Pubes and the other square for the Loins CHAP. CVI. Of Miscarriage MIscarriage is the Exclusion of an imperfect or unripe Child and consequently a Child dead in the Womb is not said abortive till it is excluded so that whether alive or dead Child be brought forth not being ripe nor having attained to the just growth in the Womb it is to be termed abortive The causes of Abortion are some Internal some External the Internal may be reduced to four Heads viz. to the Humors to the Child to the Womb and to the Disease of the Mother The Humors may occasion Abortion when they offend in quantity or quality They offend in quantity either by way of excess or defect The quantity is excessive in a Plethora for there being more Blood than is requisit to nourish the Fetus it flows into the Veins of the Womb and is excluded like the monthly Courses and so the Child comes away with it There is too small a quantity of the nutritious Humor when the Child's nourishment is by any means lessened as by Fasting whether volunary or forced and when Women with Child nauseat all sorts of Food or vomit it up again Likewise by reason of a thin Diet in acute Diseases or by an immoderate evacuation of Blood Likewise by reason of extream leanness of the whole Body In respect of the Child Abortion may happen if it be over great so that it cannot by reason of its bulk be contained in the Womb and for this reason little Women often miscarry especially if they are married to Men bigger than ordinary whose Children grow very great and find not in the Womb a space large enough to contain them till they come to their perfect growth also plurality of Children may occasion Abortion as when two or three or more are contained in the Womb at one time The Womb it self occasions Abortion if it be not large and capacious enough to widen it self sufficiently according as the Child grows or if there be any thing preternatural in the Womb as an Inflammation a Scirrhus or Imposthume or the like or if the Womb be over moist and slack so that it cannot contain the Child so well as it ought to do Abortion comes two ways from the Diseases of the Mother First when her Diseases are communicated to the Child whereby it is killed or so weakned that it cannot receive due nourishment nor growth such are continual Fevers and Agues the French Pox and many such like Secondly when the said Diseases of the Mother cause great Evacuations or great Commotions of the Body as large Bleeding from what part of the Body soever Fluxes of the Belly grievous Swooning Falling-sickness Vomiting and a Tenesmus which above all other Diseases is wont to cause Abortion External Causes which further Abortion do some of them kill the Child others draw away it 's nourishment and others dissolve those Bands wherewith the Child is fastned to the Womb. The Child is killed by great Commotions of the Mind as by Anger Sadness Frights and the like by Meats earnestly longed for and not obtained by strong purging Medicines by things that provoke the Courses and by those things that expel the Child and by such things as are reckoned by a Specifick Quality to destroy the Child in the Womb by abominable Smells especially the stink of a Candle ill put out Violent Exercise dissolves the Bands that fasten the Child to the Womb as Dancing Running Riding Jolting in a Coach or Cart carrying or lifting from the Ground a heavy Weight a violent Fall a Blow on the Belly vehement Motion of the Belly by Coughing Vomiting Looseness Sneezing Convulsions Crying-out immoderate or over-wanton Embraces and in a word vehement motion of the Arms the turning a Wheel or doing some such work may exceedingly promote Abortion The Signs of present Abortion are manifest of themselves but such as go before Abortion and prognosticate the same are these An unusual heaviness of the Loins and Hips an unwillingness to stir Appetite gone shivering and shaking coming by Fits pain of the Head especially about the Roots of the Eyes a straitening of the Sides and Belly above the Navel the flagging or falling and extenuation of the Dugs but if frequent pains and almost continual Torment the Reins and Loins reaching towards the Share as far as the Os sacrum with endeavours to evacuate the Womb certainly the Woman will shortly miscarry If from violent external Causes such as are a Blow a Fall and the like vehement Pain and Perturbation arise in a Woman with Child she ought to keep her Bed three days or longer As to the Prognosticks Women are more endangered by Abortion than by a true and timely Birth because it is more violent and unseasonable for as in ripe Fruit the Stalks are loosened from the Boughs and the Fruit falls off of it self so in a natural Birth the Vessels and Ligaments wherewith the Child is tyed to the Womb are loosened and untyed as it were of their own accord which in Abortion must needs be vioiently broken asunder Abortion is most dangerous in the sixth seventh and eighth Month. Our ordinary Women say A miscarrying Woman is half with Child again The Cure of Abortion consists in Preservation for that which is past cannot be helpt But all the Symtoms which follow Abortion are the same which accompany Women duly brought to bed The preservation from Abortion consists principally in these two things the one concerns the Woman before she is with Child and the other when she is with Child Before the Woman is with Child all Indispositions of the Body which are wont to cause Abortion must be removed as fulness of Blood ill Humours and peculiar Diseases of the Womb viz. Intemperies Swellings Ulcers and the like Fulness of Blood opens the Veins of the Womb or strangles the Infant while it is in the Womb this if it be a pure and simple Plenitude may be cured by Blood-letting such as shall answer the quantity of Blood superabounding A Cacochymy is either Cholerick and partaking of Acrimony so as to open the Orifices of the Veins or by provoking Nature it stirs up the expulsive Faculty whereby the Child comes to be expelled with those ill Humours or it suffocates the Child by reason of
Sala says That he has used with very good success Mercurius Vitae in this Case four or five grains at a time and that it does powerfully exclude a dead Child and is better than other Remedies But it must be used with great Caution because it is a violent Medicine If after having tried Medicines a long while the Child cannot be ejected Chirurgical Operation must be used that is perform'd either by Instruments or by the Hand alone CHAP. CIX Of the Secundine retained IN a Natural Birth the Secundine is wont most commonly to be excluded presently after the Child yet sometimes it is retained whereby the Life is much endangered The internal causes of this Retention are too great a thickness of the Coats so that they stick firmly to the sides of the Womb the swelling of them by an afflux of Humors occasioned by hard Labour and the shutting of the Mouth of the Womb after the exclusion of the Fetus The external causes are coldness of the Air whereby the Secundine is expelled and the orifice of the Womb shut certain Perfumes whereby the Womb is allur'd upwards violent Passions of the Mind as fear and sudden Frights the perversness of the Woman who will not abide in such a position or use such Endeavours as are requisite the weight of the Child whereby the Navel is broken the Secundine remaining within the unskilfulness of the Midwife who cuts the Umbilical Vessels too soon or does not hold them in her left hand as she ought for if they are let go they are drawn back into the Womb and are hid there with the Secundine whereas it ought they serve for the extraction of the Secundine It is easie to be known when the Secundine is retained in the Womb but sometimes a piece of it is separated and remains in the Womb which is not so easily found yet it may be known for that the Womb after delivery endeavours to eject something But tho' its endeavours are but small a sense of Heat and Pain is perceived in the Womb and after a few Days a cadaverous Smell exhales from the Womb. The retention of the Secundine is very dangerous and if it continues some Days an acute Fever Nauseousness Fainting difficulty of Breathing Coldness of the extream Parts Epileptick and Hysterick Fits and at length Death follow The Secundine retained is expelled by the same Remedies which were proposed for a dead Child to which may be added some Specificks delivered by Authors Gesner and Augenius commend much the Testicles of a Horse cut in pieces and dried in an Oven as much of the Powder of them as may be contained with three Fingers being taken in Chicken-Broath and it may be repeated twice or thrice upon occasion Rulandus says He has given with success thirty Drops of the Oil of Juniper Some order the Woman to bite an Onyon three or four times and to swallow the Juice and presently after to drink a small draught of Wine by which she may be soon relieved Forestus mentions a Widwife who received the following Secret from a Jewish Physician He took the Leaves of Green Lovage and pressed out the Juice with good Rhenish-Wine and gave a Draught of it Angelus Sala commends Mercurius Vitae as before in a dead Child To these things may be added Sneezing-Powders Fomentations Liniments and other things both external and internal described above for difficult Labour The following Decoction has been very succesful Take of Vinegar of Roses four or five quarts of the Leaves and Berries of Bayes each three handfuls one Rose-Cake cut in pieces Boil them and with the Decoction hot wash the Hips and Legs from the Groin to the Feet for a long while To this Decoction may conveniently be added of Myrrh and both the Birth-Worts each one ounce But among other things the Hand of a skilful Surgeon may do much before the Inflammation and Inflation are increased for so the Secundine may be gently drawn out and the Woman freed from all the Symptoms and Fatigue of Medicines If the Secundine cannot be ejected by any means but sticks firmly to the Womb and putrifies there Suppuratives must be injected mixed with things that cleanse that that which is putrified may be drawn out by degrees to this purpose Rondoletius commends Basilicon especially being dissolv'd in the following Decoction Take of the Leaves of Mallows with the Roots three handfuls of the Roots of both the Birth-worts each six drachms of Flax-seeds and Fenugreek-seeds each half an ounce of Violets one handful of the Flowers of Camomel and the lesser Centaury each half an handful Make a Decoction in Water mingle Oil with it if you would have it suppurate much but if you more design to cleanse add a little Vnguentum Aegyptiacum CHAP. CX Of a Suppression of the Child-bed Purgations THere is so great a Flux of Humors from all parts of the Womb when a Woman is with Child and during the Commotion in her Labour that in case there be not afterwards sufficient Evacuation of them the Woman is in great danger of very ill Accidents and sometimes of Death it self because these Humors corrupting by their stay there will certainly cause a great Inflammation And this is the reason why the Suppression of the Lochia is one of the worst and most dangerous Symptoms which can befal a Woman after Delivery especially if they happen to be totally and suddenly stopt the first three or four days which is the time they should come down plentifully for then follow an acute Fever great Pains in the Head Pains in the Breast Reins and Loins Suffocation of the Mother and an Inflammation which is suddenly communicated to the Belly which becomes very much swell'd and blown up there happens also a great difficulty in Breathing Choakings Palpitation of the Heart Fainting Convulsions and often Death it self if the Suppression continues and if the Woman over-lives it she is in danger of an Abscess in the Womb and afterwards of a Cancer or there may happen great Imposthumes in the Belly also the Gout Sciatica and Lameness or an Inflammation and Abscess in the Breast The Causes of the Stoppage of the Lochia proceed either from a great Loosness because a great Evacuation that way turns the Lochia and makes them stop or any strong Passion of the Mind so do great Colds and cold Drink To bring the Lochia well down let the Woman avoid all Perturbations of Spirit which may stop them let her lie in Bed with her Head and Breast a little raised keeping her self very quiet that so the Humors may be carried downwards by their natural tendency Let her observe a good Diet somewhat hot and moist and apply an Hysterick Plaster to her Navel Take of the Conserves of Roman Wormwood and of Rue each one ounce of the Troches of Myrrh two drachms of Castor English Saffron Volatil Salt of Sal Armoniack and of Assa Fetida each half a drachm with a sufficient quantity of the
the Spleen Take of the best Aloes and of the Ointment de Arthanita each one ounce of Turpentine a sufficient quantity mingle them make a Plaster to be apply'd to the Navel Take of the Cephalic Plaster with Euphorbium three parts of Burgundy-pitch one part make a Plaster for the soles of the Feet Pultisses TAke of white Bread baked the day before two ounces of red Sanders pouder'd one drachm and a half of Camphor pouder'd half a drachm mingle them and with a sufficient quantity of cold Fountain-water beat them make a Pultiss to be apply'd to the Eye shut the quantity of a small Wallnut being used at a time twice a day Take of the seeds of Mustard bruised two drachms of Garlic one ounce of black Soap two ounces mingle them make a Cataplasm to be apply'd to the soles of the Feet Take of an Onion and the tops of Savine each half an ounce of Currants and Sea Salt each half a handful beat them and make a Cataplasm to be apply'd to the Wrists Stomach Medicines TAke of the Stomach Pill with Gums of Aloes Rosat each fifteen grains of London Laudanum one grain mingle them make four Pills to be taken at Bed-time the next morning let him take two quarts of Epsom-waters or the like Let the Pills and the Waters be repeated every third day for four times Take of the Tinctura sacra one pint and a half let him take four spoonfuls every third night at Bed-time and the next morning let two quarts of Epsom-water be boiled and turned with Milk and let him drink it then Take of the bitter Decoction a quart in making it put in but half the quantity of Sena and add a drachm of salt of Wormwood To the strain'd Liquor add four ounces of compound gentian Water made with White wine Let four ounces be taken in the morning fasting three hours before Dinner Take of the bitter Tincture without Sena two ounces of Steel-wine one ounce of spirit of Saffron eight drops take it morning and evening for thirteen days Take of Crab's Eyes prepared Pearl red Coral prepared each two scruples of the best Chalk one scruple mingle them make a Pouder to be divided into eight parts let one be taken in a spoonful of syrup of Mint thrice a day Take of the Waters of black Cherries and Baulm each three ounces of Dr. Stephans's water one ounce and a half of spirit of Mint three drachms of Confection of Alkermes two drachms of syrup of Mint a sufficient quantity mingle them make a Julep Let five spoonfuls be taken at a time Take of the tops of the lesser Centaury of the flowers of Camomil and Agrimony each half a handful of common Wormwood half a pugil of the roots of Gentian sliced half a drachm of Zedaary one drachm of the seeds of Carduus Benedictus and of Citrons each one drachm and a half of Filings of Steel two ounces digest them all over a gentle Fire in two pints and a half of Whitewine for four days filter the Liquor and let nine ounces of it be taken every morning and at four in the afternoon Take of Salt of Wormwood one scruple of syrup of Lemons a sufficient quantity to take off the Ebullition Let it be used upon occasion Suppositories TAke of Hiera piera two drachms of Coloquintida and Agarick each half a drachm of Diagridium one scruple of sal Gemma two drachms of Hony boil'd to a due consistence a sufficient quantity make Suppositories Vomits TAke of salt of Vitriol half a drachm of compound Water of Wallnuts two ounces of compound syrup of Scabious half an ounce mingle them make a Vomit Take of Vinum Benedictum six drachms of the Water of Carduus Benedictus one ounce of Oxymel of Squills half an ounce mingle them make a Vomit Take of Oxymel of Squills three ounces of compound syrup of Scabious one ounce let it be taken in an Evening in a draught of clear Posset-drink and let him drink Posset-drink frequently with a spoonful of Oil of Almonds in each draught Take of Mercurius Vitae four grains give it in the pulp of a roasted Apple Take of Turbith Mineral nine grains of conserve of red Roses a sufficient quantity mingle them make a Vomit ADVERTISEMENT EXcellent Purging Pills prepar'd by the Author are to be sold by Mr. Henry Bonwicke at the Red Lyon in St. Paul's Church-yard They cure the Scurvy the most reigning Disease of this Kingdom They purge the Head Breast Stomach and Reins and cleanse the Blood and are a very proper Purge for those that cannot confine themselves when they want Purging but are forc'd to go abroad about their Business The Price of each Box is 1 s. 6 d. with Directions for use BOOKS Printed for Henry Bonwicke at the Red Lyon in St. Paul's Church-yard COllections of Acute Diseases in five Parts I. Of the Small Pox and Measles II. Of the Plague and Pestilential Fevers III. Of Continual Fevers IV. Of Agues a Pleurisie Peripneumonia Quinsie and the Cholera Morbus V. and last of the Bloody-Flux Miscariage of Acute Diseases of Women with Child a Rheumatism Bleeding at Nose Apoplexy Lethargy and several other Diseases Collection of Chronical Diseases viz. The Cholick the Bilious Cholick Histerick Diseases the Gout and the Bloody Urine from the Stone in the Kidnies Promptuarium Praxeos Medicae seu Methodus Medendi Praescriptis Celeberrimorum Medicorum Londinensium Concinnata in Ordinem Alphabeticum digesta The Compleat Herbal of Physical Plants Containing all such English and Foreign Herbs Shrubs and Trees as are used in Physick and Surgery and to the Virtues of those that are now in use is added one Receipt or more of some Learned Physitian The Doses or Quantities of such as are prescribed by the London Physitians and others are proportion'd Also Directions for making Compound-waters Syrups Simple Medicines Moreover the Gums Balsams Oyls Juices and the like which are sold by Apothecaries and Druggists are added to this Herbal and their Virtues and Uses are fully described These four by the Author of this Practice of Physick The General History of the Reformation of the Church written in Latin by John Sleidan faithfully Englished To which is added A Continuation to the End of the Council of Trent by E. Bohun Esq in Folio Pains afflicting Human Bodies Their various differences Causes Parts affected Signals of Danger or Safety shewing the Tendency of Chronick and Acute Diseases for a seasonable prevention of fatal Events With a Tract of Issues and Setons by E. Maynwaring M. D. Octavo A New Description of Paris Containing a Particular Account of All the Churches Palaces Monasteries Colledges Hospitals Libraries Cabinets of Rarities Academies of the Virtuosi Paintings Medals Statues and other Sculptures Monuments and Publick Inscriptions With all other remarkable Matters in that Great and Famous City Translated out of French The Second Edition to which is added a Map of Paris Letters of Religion and Virtue to several Gentlemen and Ladies with some short Reflections on divers subjects Pia Desideria Or Divine Addresses in three parts 1. Sighs of the Penitent Soul 2. Desires of the Religious Soul 3. Extasies of the Enamour'd Soul Illustrated with 47 Cuts Written in Latin by Herm. Hugo Englished by Edmund Arwaker Octavo The Art of Catechising or the compleat Catechist in four parts 1. The Church Catechism resolv'd into easy Questions 2. An Exposition of it in a continued full and plain Discourse 3. The Church Catechism resolv'd into Scripture-proofs 4. The Whole Duty of Man reduced into Questions Fitted for the meanest Capacities the weakest Memories the plainest Teachers and the most uninstructed Learners Country Conversations Being an account of some Discourses that happen'd in a Visit to the Country last Summer on divers Subjects chiefly of the modern Comedies of Drinking of translated Verse of Painting and Painters of Poets and Poetry Golden Remains of Sir George Freeman Knight of the Honourable Order of the Bath Being choice Discourses on select Subjects The Present State of Persia with a faithful Account of the Manners Religion and Government of that People By Monsieur Sanson a Missionary from the French King Adorn'd with Figures Done into English FINIS
Optick Nerve the Eyes are only affected But if there be a compression by Flegmatick Humours gathered together about the Roots of the Eyes and the mamillary processes that Matter will either seise other parts of the Brain and then the rest of the Senses or all of them will be injured But if it be seated only about the Optick Nerves a Flegmatick Matter will be evacuated by the Nostrils more plentifully than is usual and there will seem a weight to lie upon the forepart of the Head especially about the Eye-lids As to the Prognosticks if the Sight be quite taken away by an Obstruction of the Optick Nerves the Disease is most commonly incurable for we see that Obstructions of other Nerves whereby a Palsie is generated is seldom or never Cured especially in those that are Old But if the Obstruction be partial and the Sight be only diminished there is more hope of Recovery though a long course of Remedies and a great deal of time is requisite for the Cure But if this Disease proceed from Humours collected in the forepart of the Head it is easier Cured Fabritius Hildanus mentions an Observation of one that lost his Sight by taking a violent Vomit and recovered it again by taking another For the first by its Violence stirred the Humours too much and forced them upon the Optick Nerves but the other evacuated the Humours and so Cured There are other Observations of this kind but it is reasonable to suppose that in these cases where the Cure is so easily performed the Humour is not stopt in the substance of the Nerves but collected in the Brain about the Nerves For the Cure of this Disease the Matter impacted into the Nerves or adhering to them which causes the Obstruction or Compression is to be evacuated which cannot be unless the whole Body be first evacuated As Galen says the Eye cannot be Cured before the whole Head nor that before the whole Body That the Remedies may be described orderly a Diet convenient for thâ—â— Disease is first to be appoinâ—ed which ought to be attenuating and moderately drying And first an Air inclining to hot and dry ought to be chosen but thick cloudy cold and rainy Air must be carefully avoided Meats of easie Digestion and of good Juice must be eaten and such as breed a thick Juice must not be used as Pork Geese Pease Cheese and the like also those things that fill the Head with Vapours as things made of Milk and hot Spices as Pepper Ginger and the like The Bread must be made with Fennel-water or the Seed of it must be mingled with it But great Care must be taken that Darnel is not mixed with the Wheat wherewith the Bread is made which has been always accounted very injurious to the Eye In Sauces and Broths let the Sick use those things which have an attenuating Faculty as Hyssop Fennel Marjoram Bettony Sage Eye-bright and especially Nutmegs which strengthen the Brain and clear the Sight Turneps should be often eaten and also Sparrows and Pidgeons Cold Herbs must be avoided especially Lettice which is injurious to the Eyes The Sick must be moderate in his Diet and the Supper sparing and once or twice a Week let him go to Bed without Supper At Meals instead of Salt let him use the following Powder Take of common Salt two Ounces of Eye-bright dried two Drams of Nutmeg one Dram of Cinnamon two Scruples make a Powder After every Meal let him take one Spoonful of the following Powder Take of the Seeds of Coriander prepared half an Ounce of the Seeds of Anise and Fennel each two Drams of Cinnamon and Nutmegs each one Dram of Eye-bright dried three Drams of Sugar of Roses twice the weight of all Wine is not good in this Disease because it fills the Head with Vapours and promotes fluxion but a Decoction of Sarsaparilla sweetned with Liquorish and aromatized with Coriander Seeds is a proper Drink But all cannot abstain from Wine or strong Beer and therefore dried Eye-bright infused in small Wine or Beer may be used sometimes Sleep must be shorter than usual and lying on the Back must be avoided as much as may be and the Sick must not Sleep after Dinner He must be moderate in his Exercise and his Body must be always kept Loose These things being thus ordered the Cure must be begun with universal Evacuation and he must be first purged with the following Medicine Take of Senna cleansed half a Dram of the Seeds of Fennel one Dram of the Leaves of Bettony Eye-bright and Vervain each half an handful of Liquorish three Drams boil them in Fountain-water to three Ounces strain it and dissolve in it three Drams of Diaphaenicon and an Ounce of the Syrup of Roses make a Potion to be taken in the Morning After the first Purge the Physician ought to consider with himself whether Bleeding is to be used In Old People or such as are of a Flegmatick Constitution certainly it is not But in those that are young and of a hot Constitution especially if there be Signs of Blood abounding without controversie if it be used in time it may do much good and where there are such indications for Bleeding After Blood has been drawn from the Arm the particular Veins of the Head may be opened and those which are near the Eyes viz. the Forehead Vein the Vein of the Temples and in the Corner of the Eyes near the Nose But it is more proper to apply Leeches to the Temples and if they are set behind the Ears too they may do much good Some Practitioners relate that some blind People have been Cured by Wounds in the Forehead whereby the turgid Veins and Arteries have been emptied But if a suppression of the Courses has preceded this Disease Blood is to be drawn from the lower Veins or Leeches must be applied to the Hemorrhoids afterwards the Body must be purged more exactly with the following Apozem Take of the Roots of Fennel Sarsaparilla Florentine Orris Elecampane each one Ounce of the Leaves of Bettony Marjoram Balm Eye-bright Fennel Vervain the greater Celandine each one handful of Liquorish rasped and Raisins of the Sun cleansed each one Ounce of the Seeds of Anise and Fennel each three Drams of Senna cleansed two Ounces of Gummy Turbith and Agarick newly trochiscated each two Drams of Ginger and Cloves each one Scruple of the Flowers of Stâ—chas Rosemary and Lavender each one pugil boil them in Fountain-water to a Pint strain it and dissolve in it four Ounces of White Sugar make an Apozem for four Doses to be taken in the Morning Clarifie it and Aromatize it with two Drams of Cinnamon When all the Apozem is taken give the following Pills Take of the Pill Coch. minor two Scruples make six Pills to be taken early in the Morning Universal Evacuation being thus performed Revulsion of the antecedent cause is to be made and the conjunct cause is to be discussed and
Genus Nervosum and of the genital parts by Childhood Age and a Flegmatick Cachexy and the like As to the Prognostick This Disease is incurable in old Age in a Feaver it is dangerous but it may be cured in Children by increase of Years for in time the superfluous Moisture may be consumed and the lax parts rendered firm and strong The Cure of Involuntary Urine must be directed to the correcting of the cold and moist Intemperies and to the Laxity of the Sphincter Muscle for that which is occasioned by Sympathy from other Parts primarily affected must be referred to the Cure of those Diseases and that which proceeds from a Wound Ulcer and other manifest Diseases depends on the Cure of them wherefore the following Method of Cure must be observed both for Children and grown People but in Children the most gentle Medicines must be used and they must be dosed accoding to their Age. First Bleeding is not of use in this case unless there be a Plethora of the whole Body in Youth but Purges are always necessary in this case they must be made of Phlegmagogue Medicines and astringent things may be mixed with them especially such as purge too as Rubarb Mirobalanes and the like Afterwards Electuaries medicated Wines and the like must be used to dry up the phlegmatick Matter and to constringe the relaxed part Take of the Nuts of Cypress and of Mirtles torrified of the Raspings of Ivory Coriander seeds prepared red Coral Ambar each two drams of Spodium one dram of the Roots of Cyperus and Galingal each half a dram with candied Citrons make an Electuary whereof let him take the quantity of a Chesnut Morning and Evening drinking upon it a little red Wine Take of the Roots of Comfry half an ounce of the Roots of Cyperus and Galingal each one dram of the Leaves of Plantane Horse-tail five leaved Grass with the Roots each one handful of Cypress Nuts and of the Cups of Acorns each four Scruples of the seeds of Rue and of the chast Tree of Frankincense and of the Raspings of Ivory each half a scruple of red Roses one Pugil of red Wine two quarts infuse them twenty four Hours then strain them and add to it half an ounce of Cinnamon and with a sufficient quantity of Sugar make a Claret whereof let him take three or four ounces twice a day Many Specificks are proposed by Authors for the Cure of this Disease as the Brains and Testicles of a Hare burnt also a Cockle in its Shell burnt and drank the Dung of a Hare the Ashes of a Mouse burnt the Hoof of a Boar torrified the Ashes of Date-stones the Powder of Egg-shells but above all the Powder of Agrimony and the inward Coats of the Stomach of a Hen dried which may be given a part or together in red Wine Solinander says he saw excellent Success by the use of a Cocks Throat torrified the Powder was taken before Supper in a little red Wine it was repeated for some Days In grown People Sudorifick Decoctions made of Guajacum and Sassafrass and used for twenty Days are proper to dry the Body So are also Bath-waters applied with Flannels The Sick must drink red rough Wine by it self or diluted with Chalybeat waters and he must drink but little at Supper he must make Water just as he is going into Bed in the middle of the Night and early in the Morning And outwardly Topicks must be applied to the Pubis and Perinaeum such as heat strengthen and dry Take of the Roots of Elecampane sweet-smelling Flag of Acorus and Cyperus each half an ounce of the Leaves of Mint Sage Wild-marjoram Calaminth and Wormwood each half an handful of the Nuts of Cypress Mirtles Galls and Balaustines each one dram of red Roses one Pugil boil them in equal parts of Smiths Water and red Wine to one quart in the strained Liquor dissolve of Salt and Allum each one ounce foment the Region of the Pubis and Perineum Morning and Evening hot Of the same Decoction the quantity of it being increased a bath may be made to be used for many days After the Fomentation or Bath the Parts may be anointed with a Liniment made of Oyl of Foxes rue Orrise Unguentum Martiatum Aregon and with the Powder of Mastich Cyperus and Mirtles or the following Plaister may be applied Take of Labdanum and Mastich each two drams of the Wood of Alces and of Storax calamite of Cinnamon and of Turpentine each one dram of Mirtles and of the Roots of Cyperus each half a dram of the Juice of Mint and Horsâ—-tail extracted with red Wine a sufficient quantity make a Plaister CHAP. XCIII Of a total Suppression of Urine and of the Strangury A Total Suppression of Urine is called by Authors Ischuria but when the voiding of Urine is lessened they term it a Strangury An Ischuria or total Suppression of Urine is twofold viz. true when the Bladder is full and false when the Bladder is empty and nothing comes from the Reins to it The true Ischury depends on three Causes the first whereof is Sense abolished in the Bladder by reason of a Palsie or Obstruction of its Nerve or because the Spirits are diverted another Way as in a Delirium or the like The second cause is a cold Intemperies of the Bladder The third Cause is a narrowness of the Neck of the Bladder and of this three Causes are assigned for the Muscle incompassing the Neck of the Bladder is so swelled that the Passage is stopt or a Caruncle grows in the Neck of the Bladder or a Callus is generated there the Passage is also obstructed by a Stone by a thick Humour a Clot of Blood or by Matter The Passage is also stopt by a Swelling of the neighbouring parts as by a large Child in the Womb by the Excrements hardened in the right Gut and by the Piles much swelled This Suppression also happens sometimes by too great a quantity of Water retained too long that so much distend the whole Body of the Bladder that it cannot be contracted to expel it first when any Person that is well retains his Urine for want of a Convenient Place to void it in or when the Nerves of the Bladder are affected so that the Bladder cannot be sensible of the Weight and Fulness A false ischury is occasioned by reason either the Serum is not put off upon the Reins or not conveighed through the Ureters they being stopt by a Stone or the like A true Ischury is known by a Weight and Tension of the Hypogaster and by a Swelling resembling the Bladder The causes of it are known by things that go before and accompany it for if it proceed from a large quantity of Urine which hinders a Contraction of the Bladder it is perceived by the Relation of the Sick he having omitted to make Water by reason of long travelling or by being in the presence of great Persons and if he never had