Beere untill the Time do begin to waxe tender and soft then strain it and put to it of browne Sugar-Candy in powder two penny-worth Anniseeds in fine powder one penny-worth and two penny-worth of ordinary Triacle when all these are well dissolved over the fire give it your horse bloud warme but you must remember that you doe let him bloud before you doe give him this drinke in the Neck and Mouth ✚ This I have often tryed and found it right good Another â—ake of strong Ale one quart and of Wormewood halfe a handfull long-Pepper Graynes and the powder of dryed Rue of each one ounce London Triacle two ounces boyle them to a third part then take it off and strayne it that done put into it of browne-sugar-Candy in powder halfe an ounce and so give it him bloud warme ✚ This at twice giving will certainely cure his Feaver Another Take Stone-Crop of the iuice thereof foure Spoonefull put this iuice into strong-Ale one quart and so give it your horse then let him be walked if the winde be not too cold and sharpe an houre then set him up and cover him so as he may sweate an houre then coole him by degrees and let him drinke no cold water by any meanes let his provender bee good old dry and well sifted Oates but against the fit commeth whether the Feaver be Quotidian Tertian or Quartan let him be kept fasting for the longer hee is fasting and more empty upon his sick dayes the sooner will his Feaver leave him ✚ This is a well approved receipt and let this suffice for ordinary Feavers provided that when his fits be gone from him and that he appeareth more lightsome and well it will be very good and wholesome for him if you cause him to bee had abroad and walked warme covered and so ayred in due time in the warme Sun and that will greatly comfort him and revive his spirits §. 11. F. Hippoph VVHat say you now to the Feaver Hectique Hippos I say Sir it is a most dangerous and mortall Feaver and so malignant as that if a skilfull Ferrier bee not with him in time it is certaine death and first it beginneth with a Consumption in the flesh it proceedeth of a hot humour ingendred first in the stomacke which too much Physicke hath occasioned and by taking away of too much bloud from him in his youth without necessity wherefore it is a thing most perillous to take bloud from young horses upon very slight cause not to be over ready with Physick but only in case of great necessity The signes to know this Feaver from any other are to looke into his mouth and to draw forth his tongue and you shall finde both his mouth and tongue raw and mervailous hot and having little appetite to meate his flesh will consume and waste and seene loose if you strike him with your hand upon the buttocks the flesh thereof will quiver and quake and he will be continually subject to quaking and shaking all his whole body over besides he will be very much inclined to sweate as hee standeth in the stable The cure is First to make this lotion for his mouth Take of running water or Well water two quarts and put thereto of Sage of Yarrow of Ribwort of Plantane of Bramble-leaves Feaver Hectique and of Hony-suckle-leaves of each one handfull with common Hony one spoonefull boyle all these to the consumption of one moyety and a little before you take it from the fire put to it the quantity of a wal-nut of Alume and two spoonefull of Vineger when that is dissolved take it off and drayne the water from the hearbs or else slightly strayn it which water you shall keepe for your use and when you would wash his mouth therewith fasten to a stick a ragge and so wash his mouth and tongue twice or thrice a day and this will make his mouth well againe or else if you do wash his mouth with the surrop of Mulberries it is very wholesome and good ✚ After give him this drinke Take of Aloes one ounce powdred of Garlick halfe an ounce Anniseeeds and Licoris of each halfe an ounce make first your Aloes Anniseeds and Licoris into fine powder and after bruise your Garlick a little putting thereto of brown Sugar-Candy three ounce in powder and adde thereto of white Wine one pint warme this and so give it your horse then let him bee ridden a little and so set him up warme and let him bee set upon the Trench three houres before and three houres after and then eyther give him sweete Hay or greene Corne or the leaves of Sallowes and towards night give him a sweete Mâ—sh and give him this drinke every other day for three mornings continuing him with Mashes or white water and let his Oates bee very well sifted and in short time he will doe well againe ✚ With this receipt I have cured sundry horses but then forget not to wash his mouth dayly with the aforesaid lotion But if in all these severall Feavers you do find him eyther to be costiue or very hot in his body then you may do well to administer that Clyster prescribed you in lib. 2. chap. 6. § 2. Clyster 2. letter C. §. 12. F. Hippoph VVHat say you now 〈◊〉 Feaver Pestilent Hippos It is a disease most contagious for it is so malignant as that it will infect so many horses as be in the stable wher he standeth and it proceedeth from one of these two causes viz. eyther from an infectious ayre or from the corruption of the bloud inflamed by meanes of intemperate riding and exercise The signes are these the horse will hang downe his head in the Manger as if hee slept his eyes will water very much and Inflamations will arise at the roots of the Eares as if he had the Vives The best cure I ever knew was this with which I have cured many Horses visited with a Pestilent Feaver Feaver Pestilent first let him bleed well in the Neck veine reserving the bloud in a cleane basin which when it is cold will be very bad and ill coloured then wash his mouth with the lotion specified in the precedent § secondly apply to the Temples this Playster Take of Camamile of Goates-milke of the Iuyce of Sage of Sallet-oyle of white Wine-vineger of each foure spoonfull of red-rose-leaves dryed one handfull which must be eyther of a red-rose cake or otherwise red-rose leaves dryed beat them all in a Morter till they become of one body and so thick as that you may spread it playster-wise upon a linnen cloath then strew upon the Plaister two or three Nut-megges made into fine powder then make it good and hot putting the backside of the Plaister into a Pewter dish over a chaffing dish â—nd coales and so administer it warme to the Horse and for his drinke let it bee such water wherein have bin boyled violet leaves Mallowes and Sorrell but if the fit
for him to fill his belly nor the season warme enough and let the day wherein you turne him forth be a warme Sunshine day and about the houre of ten for Horses pampered in warme stables and kept close will be subject to take cold if a discreet order and course be not taken with them Secondly let him be taken up from grasse about the feast of Saint Bartholomew which is upon the 24. day of August or soon after for then the season doth begin to let fall cold dewes which betideth no good but much harme to your horse and then beginneth the heart of grasse to faile so as the grasse which then he seedeth upon breedeth no good nutriment but grosse flegmaticke and cold humours which putrifieth and corrupteth the bloud Let your horse I say be taken up about the day before mentioned but with all the quietnes may be for feare of heating him by reason his grease he gat at grasse is tender so as every little motion will dissolve the same whereby the bloud may be inflamed and so the Horse be brought into eminent perill at least of sicknesse if not of death A day or two after you have him in the Stable or sooner let him be shod and let bloud and drencht as before is shewed you for this preventeth Yellowes Stavers and such like diseases which the Gaule and Spleen occasioneth which the heart and strength of grasse through the ranknes of the bloud doth ingender in his body Then purg and cleanse him both outwardly and inwardly like as you are taught in lib. 2. chapter 2. Thirdly search your Horses mouth both then and at other times often for feare of Barbes Bigs Blisters and Cankers and such like maladies which are very incident to breed in the mouths of Horses which by the colour of the spots of his Gums Tongue and Mouth you may perceive and so the better and more easily both prevent and cure all such diseases as are inherent to those parts Fourthly rub and wash sometimes your Horses mouth and tongue with vineger or Verjuce mingled with bay salt but Verjuce is the better and let some passe downe his throat for it is both wholesome and good Fiftly observe your Horses Eyes and Countenance which if you doe find them to be heavy drowsie and dull then be you confident all is not well within him Then take bloud from him and give him the drinke of Diapente or Diatesseron and hee shall doe well againe Sixtly observe well his standing and his going if you doe perceive him to felter with any of his feet be it never so little or else which foote soever he doth favour let the Groome presently take up that foot and examine it if he can feele any place warmer than other let him now assure himself something is amisse there take off the Shoo and search the foot carefully to see whether gravell or naile be any cause thereof but if you doe find all well there search the heele and frush if you find not any thing there search higher for some swelling that may be in the pastern-joynt in the legge or backe sinew and when he hath found the fault and cause of his complaint let him presently informe the Ferrier who is to apply his remedies and by this meanes he shall discharge his duty as well becometh him Seaventhly observe also if he put forth his foote more than usually hee was wont to doe then assure your selfe the griefe lyeth either in the knee or shoulder if it be so presently advertise the Ferrier who knoweth what is best to be done with him Eightly when you are to take your journey with him water him in the House and give him his break-fast of good cleane Oates sweet and wel-sifted then bridle him and tie him up to the Rack then curry dresse and saddle him but draw not the girts too streight till you come to take his back then presently cast his cloath over him least he take cold and when you come to take his back draw his girts streight and so on God's name begin your journey but for a mile two or more goe faire and softly for if you heat him too soone he will not digest his meate but crudityes will arise in his stomacke which you shall perceive by his scouring purging as he travaileth whereby you may either founder him in his body or else cause a Calientura burning Fever or some other worse infirmity to seize him and as you doe travell him when you are come some foure or five miles from home a light from him and walke him sometimes standing still to see if you may provoke him to stale for it is very wholesome and good which you may also doe well to attempt when you dismount and walke him down any hill and some three miles before you come to your journies end Ride him into some River or other watering place unto his belly but no deeper in any wise and then let him drinke yet not so much at the first as he desireth but by degrees first taking up his head to cause him to wash his mouth whereby to free it frō filth fome Then let him drinke halfe his draught and lastly so much as in reason he will Then observe upon what pace you brought him to the water with the same pace and neither softlier nor faster Ride him a mile or better by which time he will have warmed the water in his belly without taking cold or harme This watering him thus will very much refresh him cause him to forget his wearisomenesse and when he shall come to eate it will be with very good appetite which otherwise he would not have done A mile at least before you come to your journies end slack your pace and begin to go more softly to the end he may not be too hot when he shal be set up have him without delay into the Stable warme well littered up to the belly but take heed you suffer him not to be either walked or washed for these two things are very pernitious and most dangerous for him and the cause of more sicknesse sorances and death to Horses then of all other things besides So soone as you have brought him into the Stable the first thing you doe off with your Coate and tie him up to the empty Rack then litter him up to the belly ungird him take off his Saddle rub his back with speed and put his cloath upon him and upon that his Saddle againe and gird him with his Sursingle then make cleane his stirrops stirrop-leathers and Girts and rubbe him downe both Legges Belly Body Breast Head Face and Neck and so stuffe him up with cleane dry straw and let him stand so upon the Bit an houre evermore looking upon him least he sweat a new which if you shall perceive then to alay it take away some of the straw wherewith he is stuffed and hee will coole againe if you finde him in good temper unbridle
upon it which rarely faileth doth instantly putrifie and corrupt the bloud and congealeth it to the unavoydable perill of the life of the Horse especially if after this intemperate riding he be either suffered to drinke or ridden into the water as many of your surly and lazy Grooms are accustomed to do My counsell therfore is that when you have any long journey in hand let his travell be moderate inhibit walking washing or giving him cold water but so soon as you shall dismount him let his Keeper have him into the Stable well littered and throughly rubbed through all the pâ—rts of his body till hee be thorow dry let him be clothed and stopped up warm and at a reasonable time let him have white water 7 Wholesoâ— ayre The seventh cause of health and long life is wholsome ayre and soyle clean keeping painfull and good dressing the Stable kept neat sweet and warm his food old sweet clean and dry well fifted and shaken and freed from dust and filth his litter sweet and dry and all wet and old litter removed from under his feet and manger and let all evill savours be removed from about the Stable 8 Not to travell too soone after grasse The eight cause of health and long life is not to suffer your Horse to be travelled or exercised too soon after you have taken him from grasse untill such time as he be thorowly purged and cleansed from his superfluous and bad humours which hee gat by being at grasse in time of his rest and full feeding which certainly are not a few but hereof I have sufficiently spoken before in this very Chapter and therfore I passe it over 9 Not to eate raw or green meate The ninth cause of health and long life is not to suffer him to eate any raw or green meate whilst he shall be kept in the Stable for that such diet doth beget many bad and humours oppugnant to nature as Feavers Surfets Yellowes Stavers Anticors Morfounding and the like all which will debilitate Nature and endanger the breeding of many desperate diseases to the perill as well of the Horses life as health if extraordinary care be not had by way of prevention in very good time by the diligence of an Expert Ferrier 10 Not to eate whilst he is heat The tenth cause of health and long life is by keeping your Horse from meate and drinke whilst hee is hot for that doth weaken the heart and spirits it is an enemy to the Appetite and digestion engendreth Oppilations and Obstructions corrupteth and putrifieth the bloud breedeth Feavers and many other maladies and is very often the occasion of suddaine death 11 Not to bee walked or washed The eleventh cause of health and long life is to bee very precise that you doe not permit your Horse to be walked or washed after labour or travell if in his travell he hath been heat but presently after you dismount him let him be led into the Stable well littered warm clothed painefully rubbed and dried but hereof I have spoken sufficiently in the sixt cause and else where 12 To mix certain powders with his provender The twelfth and last cause of health and long life is to use sometimes to put and mix with his provender certaine powders viz. the powder of Anniseeds and of Licoris or of Fenugrick Tumerick Bay-berries or Brimstone white-Lilly roots small chopped Enula-campane roots if green and newly gathered otherwise dried and beaten to fine powder or the roots of Polipodium of the Oke or its powder Savin Marsh-Mallowes Rue Isope Hore-hound or Colts-foote these either small chopped if you give them green or else dried and given in powder which Simples will keepe him sound and in perfect health for their vertues are to purifie the bloud prevent Obstructions open and resolve the Liver coole the Bloud and perserve the whole structure of the Body in excellent health Thus have I as succinctly as I have beene able declared the reasons of sicknesse in general together with the true causes of health long life the contrarietyes whereof will engender in your Horse infirmities and death for the sensitive Bodies as well of all other creatures as of Horses are often upon the least cause given disgusted brought out of ioynt and temper by reason of the assidual warfare of the never-ceasing-iarring Elements that it not a little importeth a Masters care to looke very narrowly into the state of his body For put case that time and experience doe approve the contrariety of the before named inherent qualityes of Heat Cold Drynes and Moisture the formall causes of all intrinsecall diseases the continuance and unperceivable lingring in them together with the true cause of their suddaine and untimely death Yet is there meanes as easily to be found as well for the prevention of all ensuing sicknesse if we will but apply our care and diligence before it approacheth as for the able curing of them when they are come and palpably perceived according to the opinion of famous Galen who saith He that preventeth the cause of sicknesse preventeth the sicknesse it selfe for Take away the cause and the effect followeth not Hippoph You have spoken well Hipposerus upon this subject but yet your last Article is not without difficulty in that you do advise to administer certaine powders and other simples unto a horse in his provender which should conserve him in health and prevent all inward diseases in him I cannot certainly but approve very much hereof in that they be most soveraigne in such cases you speake of but the manner of administring them is the thing I much stand upon knowing right well that these simples or the greater part of them are of strong and offensive scents and smels and others are as farre disgustfull and unpleasant to his taste whereby he may very easily be induced by disliking those powders and simples to loath and utterly forsake his provender Hyppos Sir you object well neverthelesse give me leave to tell you that in cases of this nature Vse we say makes perfectnesse True it is that horses will have an aversion from these kinde of drugs and simples but what then have you no feare for rather than he will not eate his Provender at all hunger will in time bring him to it yea as well those powders as his provender provided you doe not offend him by putting in too great a quantity at once but by degrees and that by a little at a time till custome hath made him perfect and most certaine it is that some horses are so coy dainty and choice feeders as that you can hardly provoke them to eate any provender at all whereas others there be who are so great feeders as that they will make no bones to devoure what meat soever you shall lay before them for it is very homely viands which a good stomacke will refuse neverthelesse if you shal finde that your horse cannot be brought to
Balsome lay on the said Charge ✚ Hippophyl But let us looke backe againe to the Eyes What say you to Bloud-shotten Eyes For a Bone or Dry-Spaven or Curbe First take up the veine that feedeth it whether Spaven or Curb as well below as above then give it fire then charge the place with pitch made hoat clap flax upon it then foure daies after you must dulcifie the sorance with the Oyle Pampileon and fresh Butter molten together upon a gentle fire and when the scarre shal be falne away you must applie unto it a kind of stuffe which is called Blauco or white made I think of Iessoe and so continue it untill it be whole ✚ This is very good § 12. B. Hippos I Say Sir that Bloud-shotten Eyes may easily be holpen if a right Cure be taken and the Ferrier perite for as touching Eyes they are a tender Member soonest hurt and offended of any part about the body of any living Creature and therefore there ought the greater care to be taken in the Cure thereof and take this by the way for a point of good Counsell and for a good Rule that in administring to the Eyes you be very carefull that your Medicine bee not too old but often made and renewed for by using old made Medicines either their Vertues do passe away whereby the Member dressed receives no good or else by being too old the Medicines may most easily putrifie and corrupt and so by that meanes do much more harme than good to the Member you hoped to cure insomuch as if you be not very cautelous in making and compounding your Receipts for the Eyes aright you may most easily endeavouring to cure one Eye not faile in putting out both All diseases in the Eyes come only of two Causes viz. First either inward or outward Secondly by meanes of some Blow Stripe Prick Cut Bruise or some such like accident The Inward Causes do either proceed from evill Humours which do make their resort to the Eyes Bloud-shoten Eyes or else by the meanes of some cold taken which breaketh forth at the Eyes into some great Flux or else by meanes of some hot sharp or salt Humours which doe make their resort to the Eyes all which doe and will engender Bloud-shotten weeping or watery Eyes and these doe proceed from Inward causes Now these Maladies which have their source from outward Causes are as I have before mentioned eyther by a Blow Stripe Prick bruise or the like which will cause paine and anguish and such like inconveniencies whereby the Member being distempered through heat burning glowing c. will weepe and send forth much moisture which will produce not only Bloud-shotten and Weeping-Eyes but also if Art and Care be not added in time convenient Dimnesse of Sight Filmes Pearles Pin and web Dragons Serpentines and such numberlesse Sorances yea and â—irect Blindnesse it selfe without speciall providence and care used by way of prevention Wherefore for Maladies of this Nature I will prescribe you a few Receits which shal be very good and approved First therefore whereas the common cure in practise among our ordinary Ferriers and Smiths is to draw bloud as well from the Temple-veines as for the Neck veins my Counsell is which experience is taught mee by my Master here and it hath not a little profited and pleasured me to be very cautelous how you draw bloud from weake and enfeebled Eyes as bloud-shotten and Rhumatique-eyes must bee unlesse in cases of extreme necessity for by so doing I have known Horses in like cases which before they had bloud taken from them were able to see a little but after bloud-letting they have become so blind as a Beetle nor were they ever able no Art wanting to see more so as they after became very notable strong able Millhorses First therefore I aver that insteed of opening a veine I counsell you to lay unto the Temple-veines a Charge whereby to stay and hinder that Flux of noxious Humours which were the cause of this Malady and let this Charge bee made thus Bloud-shotten Eyes a Charge Take Pitch Rosin Mastick of each like much melt all these together and either apply it upon a Plaister made of Leather cut round or of Velvet of that color or as nere to the colour of the horse as may bee or else lay it good and warme to the Temple-veines with a cloth fastned to a sticke and before it be cold clap Flockes of the same colour to the place and let it so remaine on till of it selfe it fall away Then dresse the grieved Eyes with these ensuing things Take the white of a new-layed Egge Hony Selandine and red-Fennell of each so much as will suffice stamp them all well together and so bind it unto the grieved Eye ✚ But if you do find that the sight waxeth thick and that you observe dimnesse of sight in him through his weeping Take then Lapis Calaminaris and put it into the fire making it red-hot which infuse or quench in a pint of white Wine which done let the stone be made red-hot and quenched in the same Wine the second time and so in like manner the third time and after the third quenching when it is through cold dry it and beat it into fine powder and put the powder thereof into a glasse Viall and put thereto your white Wine wherein your Stone was quenched and after it hath stood and infused one whole night at the least put one drop of the cleerest of the Wine into the eye of the horse and so into the other eye also twise a day till you have staied the Rhume quite cleered his Eyes ✚ Another Take the Iuyce of Selendine Red-Fennell Vervine and Rue of each a like quantity viz. one Branch or Sprigge of eyther stamp them together and straine it through a cleane fine linnen ragge into a little cleere running water then put into it as much grated Ginger and Bay-salt finely powdred of each so much as will lie upon a two penny piece putting all these into a glasse-viall let it stand to settle and when you doe see it as cleere as it will be drop a drop of this water into either eye morning and evening bloud-warme c. ✚ Another Take also Ale-hoofe which is indeed your true ground-Ivy and stampe it well in a stone morter and if it be too dry put thereinto a little white Rose water or the water of Eye-bright distilled then straine it into a glasse and annoynt wash bathe and taint if need be the sorance therewith and in short time it will cure the eyes perfectly ✚ The residue of Receits I reserve to their due places § 13. B. Hippoph VVHat good cure have you for a bloud-running itch Hippos This sorance commeth to a Horse commonly by meanes of some extreame heate giuen him in the body through over-violent exercise whereby the bloud is enflamed Bloud-râ—ning itch some whereof getteth betwixt the skin and the
cold water but eyther a sweet mash or white water This scowring I once did see made and given by a Iocky to a strong lusty able hunting Horse which he had in agitation for a hunting match but it wrought so violently and made him so extreame sick for more then twenty foure houres after the taking thereof as that I never durst be so hardy as to put the same in ure neverthelesse the Creature did very well recover againe and wonne his match §. 14. D. Hippoph HOw may a man come to know what are the diseases of the Liver Hippos Assuredly Sir the diseases of the Liver are many but yet the true and certaine grounds how to discover them is beyond every Ferriers skill to compasse neverthelesse that there be many and those severall and distinct Infirmities in the Liver no man needes make doubt for if the Liver be eyther too hot or too dry too moist or too cold may easily be diseased which must needs occurre to the Horse eyther by intemperate riding or labour or by evill foode or by meanes of evill and corrupt humors which do gather to the place or by the overflowing of the Gall or when Choler is predominate it being cheifly ingendred through heat like as cold begetteth Flegme which causeth the sicknesse and ill disposition of the Liver together with its payne and anguish whence proceede inflamations and Impostumations stoppings obstructions knobs yea and very pernicious Vlcers every of which do cause the generall Consumption and disease thereof If the disease of the Liver do proceed from any hot cause it is more easie to bee discovered then if it came from any cold cause for that it doth discover it selfe by these apparant signes viz. He will bee leane and fall away of his flesh hee will loath his meate and that which he eateth doth him little or no good for want of ready digestion his ordure wil be very offensive his thirst great and he will be verv much subject to a loosenesse whereas on the other side if the disease ariseth from any cold cause you cannot discerne it bv any of these signes for that he will be in very good liking state of body eate his meat with a good appetite his excrements will have no evill savour when he dischargeth himselfe he will drinke orderly and temperately neither will he be loose or costive wherefore if it come of any cold cause we must then endeavour to finde out its symptomes Now if a Horse be diseased in his liver the infirmity must I say proceed from an inflamation and impostumation or from an ulcer If it come from a cold cause it cannot be an inflamation nor an impostumation for that these two doe both come from a hot cause as all the learned doe know full well and therefore of necessity it must be an ulcer which proceedeth from a cold cause and the signes to know it is continuall coldnesse of his body his hayre will stare and he will be subject to great feeblenesse faintnesse and debility of body and the reason is for that the exulcerated matter doth diffuse throughout the whole body its evill vapours which corrupteth and very much offendeth the heart in such wise whereby to occasion and hasten the death of the poore beast if in time the malady be not discovered and skilfully and by Art cured I have intreated sufficiently upon this subject to wit of the nature of this infirmity and the signes how to know the same And therefore I thinke it time we doe goe to the Cure Disease of the Liver So soone as you have discovered this disease first let him bloud on both sides the necke the first day and the next day let him bloud in both the spurre veynes then give him this drink viz. Take Isope Cowes-lip-leaves Liver-wort Lung-wort alias Molin or Molet-leaves Harts-tongue of each a handfull then take Gentiana Aristolochia rotunda Fenugrick Enulacampana dried and long-Pepper of each like much so as when they be pounded and searsed you may have of each a spoonfull chop the hearbs and then mingle them with this powder and put to it of life honey one spoonfull then boyle all these ingredients in a quart of strong Ale untill a moyety be consumed and straine it well and so give it him bloud warme and keep him warm and having made him fast three or foure houres after this drinke give him Barly boyled but if he shall refuse to eate thereof by reason the drinke hath made him dry and thirsty then give him a warme Mash and after the boyled Barly againe but let him not have this drink but the day after he hath been let bloud in the spurre veynes give him this drinke three times but let him alwayes rest three dayes betwixt every drench and give him white water for fifteen dayes after his last drinke and let him every day be well rubbed and this will cure him ✚ I have often made tryall of this cure and I have found it to be very good and it is also singular for the lungs but if you doe suspect the liver to be wasted then give him this drinke viz. Take of strong wort either of Ale or Beere and give it him to drinke in a morning having fasted all night from meate and drinke and three houres after he hath drunke his Wort give him Oates baked in the Oven and doe thus for three or foure dayes together or longer as you shall see cause and he will be sound againe ✚ But if you doe suspect his liver not to be very sound then Take a good root or two of Polipodium of the Oake made very cleane and of Liverwort alias Mullet one handfull cut them very small then take of Rubarb scraped or grated into fine powder sixe penny weight and three or foure dayes in a moneth give it him in his provender early in the morning two or three houres before hee drinketh and let his drinke be white water during his cure and once in sixe moneths make tryall of his bloud by opening a veyne whether it be pure or corrupt so as you take it from him accordingly that is the greater quantity if the same be bad and the lesse if it be good and administer helpe as cause shall require it ✚ This is also a most soveraigne receit § 15. D. Hippoph YOu have formerly delivered me many good Receits for colds but yet would I gladly have something which should be good for a Horse that runneth at the nose Hippos Very well Sir I will therefore give you that which shall be very good and which I have often my selfe proved First then if you shall finde your Horse to have taken a cold and therewith he runneth at the nose whereby he may be in danger of a Glanders let him bleed at the necke veine well then Take of Assefetida the quantity of a hasle nut Cold or running at the nose and dissolve it in a saucer full of white Wine vineger
if your horse be poore bare leane Fat horse and feeble so that his stomack be good to meate I will give you a Receit which if you doe duly observe my rules justly as I shall deliver them you shall get him up into flesh in twelve or foureteene dayes First therefore take bloud from him if you do find it grosse or Flâ—gmatick for otherwise he cannot possibly mend then insteade of Oates in the morning you shall give him Wheate branne Bran prepared prepared after this manner Set over the fire a cleane Kettle and fill it almost full with faire water and so soone as it boyleth put in your Wheate branne and so let it boyle a quarter of an houre at the least then take it off and let it stand to coole and about foure or five in the morning give him of this branne so hot as he can eate it then for his drinke give him of the same water and at night give him Oates and white water and let him be kept covered and littered warme but if it bee Summer let not the Stable be too hot but temperate and at night give him with his Oates also the quantity of what you may coâ—vey into an Egge-shell of this powder following with which you must continue him the space of eight dayes or according as you shall see cause You must understand that this branne thus prepared is the only thing which dryeth up his naughty grosse and corrupt humours and doth the better prepare the body to assume lust courage strength and flesh together with the helpe of the powder which is this Take of Commin Fenugrick Sileris-Montani Nutmegs Cloves Ginger Linseed of each two ounce Quick-Brimstone six ounce Fat a leanâ— horse make all these into powder of this powder give him every night the quantity of an Eg-shell full with his Oates as I have before prescribed but he must first be watred with white water which so soone as hee hath drunke let his whole body be rubbed then cloathed littered which being done then give him a small sheafe of wheat straw sweet good and well threshed into his Racke and let him eate thereof by the space of an houre which done give him Oates mixed with his powder which when he hath eaten give him Hay at your pleasure remembring to keep him warm but so as with moderation and let him be also well rubbed especially against the hayre and by this doing in short time you shall perceive him to mend exceedingly but you must put also into his Oates together with its former powder of Nettle-seed two handfuls every time for that is the thing which principally will cause him to battle It will also greatly availe to his amendment if he be ayered every morning and evening an houre after sunne rising and an houre before sunne set if the weather be warme and the sunne doe shine ✚ And this I doe assure you is the most exquisite course can be taken whereby to sâ—t up a leane Horse and to make a poor Horse fat in little time and with small charge §. 5. F. Hippoph VVHat helpe have you for the falling of the Fundament Hippos This malady commeth to a Horse sometimes by cold sometimes through weakenesse and meere poverty and sometimes by meanes of a laxativenesse and fluxe of bloud when straining to expell the Horse is not able and by that meanes the fundament commeth out the cure is Falling of the fundament Take white-Salt made into very fine powder strew a little upon the gut then take a piece of Lard and first having boyled Mallow-leaves till they be soft take of these leaves and beat them well with the Lard and when it is sufficiently beaten make it up like to a suppository and apply it to the place every day once till it be whole ✚ This I have often tryed §. 6. F. Hippoph I Should be very glad to know what you can say of Feavers Hippos Sir as touching feavers in Horses I say that they be as subject to them as man is as also that these feavers are of severall natures which cannot be denied which may most easily be distinguished and knowne if you please diligently to observe A feaver commeth many times either by intemperate riding or travell or else through bad and unwholesome dyet and all feavers for the most part have their sourse from these effects if you adde thereunto evill ayre §. 7. F. Hippoph VVHy Hipposerus how doe you define a Feaver Hippos I define it thus A Feaver is an unnaturall and intemperate heat which beginneth at the heart dilateth it self through all the arteries and veynes of the whole body of the Horse hindring all his naturall motions howsoever some Ferriers are pleased to make of them more sorts then I will question their physicall and learned distinctions for I could never conclude them but in a few as quotidian tertian quartan and pestilent and yet all these be of one nature albeit some more malignant then others be onely a Hectique feaver is of a different nature from the former and so also a pestilent feaver may be Now as touching feavers which come in the Spring Summer Autumne or Winter I cannot see why they should be feavers different in nature from these other for there are not any of these but may come to a Horse in any of these seasons §. 8. F. Hippoph FRom whence doe Feavers proceed then Hippos First Sir you must understand that Feavers are of two sorts that is to say Ordinary and Accidentall the ordinary feavers are those that come of surfets over-riding and labour unwholesome meat as moyst raw mouldy and musty bread corne provender and hay of what nature sort or condition soever but your feavers Accidentall come of some terâ—ible stroke or deep wound bringing therewith insufferable paine dolour and griefe to the poor beast again your ordinary Feavers come oft times by the extreame violent scorching of the Sunne but most commonly in the canicular dayes as when your Horse is abroad at grasse where is either want of water or having such as is neither good or wholesome or else where is want of housing shelter to goe into or shady trees to be under and such kinde of Agues doe prove for the most part either Hectike or Pestilent feavers for by that meanes his bloud becommeth inflamed whereby the humour of choller is predominate Now Sir if you be pleased to observe strictly and carefully you shall also finde that feavers doe come many times also from a quite contrary cause as from cold taken upon hard riding or great labour and by having at such times cold water given him to drink or by washing or walking having sweat much or by being out too late in the gripse or shutting in of the evening or upon day breaking especially neere or among fenny moorish or marish grounds by reason that naughty vapours do arise from such kinde of places Feavers also do accrew to Horses when upon hard
doe hold him violently then Take of London Triacle three ounces and dissolve it in Muskadine one pint and squeeze into it the iuyce of two or three good Lemons and so administer it with a horne and this will presently put the fit from him for the presâ—nt The nature of this Feaver is so malignant and so contagiously hot as that it will furre the mouth exceedingly and cause ulcers and sores to breed in the mouth and throat wherefore you shall doe the more carefully if every day you doe look into his mouth and if you can perceive it to be furred and clammy then faile you not to wash his mouth and tongue either with the syrope of Mulberries or the lotion water taught you in the precedent Section and if through his too great heat you doe finde your horses body to be costive then shall you administer this Clister Take of new milke and of sallet oyle of each halfe a pinte and of the decoction of Mallowes and of Violets of each one pinte adding thereto of Sene one ounce and of Century halfe an ounce administer this clister bloud warme and by thus ordering your Horse you will infallibly cure him of his feaver pestilent for I my selfe have cured many and I never failed in any one ✚ Provided you do give him during the time of his physicke continually morning and evening either sweet Mashes or white water and be also dieted and ordered as is fitting for a Horse that is in physicke §. 13. F. Hippoph VVHat disease is that which of some is called the Flying-Worme Hippos This malady is the same which the French Marishals doe call ver-volant which we in England doe call a Tetter or Ring worm Ver volaâ—â— and by reason it runneth up and down the body upon the skinne it is called by the name of the Flying-worme It commeth by a heat in the bloud whereby is ingendred a billious shâ—rp or hot humour which breedeth to a Tetter or Ring-worme but most commonly it seazeth the rumpe of the horse running down all along the joynts till it get into the tayle where I have known it to remain so long untill such time as it came to be a Canker but yet sometimes again it will seaze some fleshy part of the body of a horse and so torment him through its continuall itching as that the horse will with frequent rubbing himselfe against posts pales trees and walles c. as also with his teeth if he can come to the place bring away the hayre yea the skin and flesh also And this disease many ignorant Ferries have taken to be nought else but the louse of a Hog which to kill or destroy they onely apply a little sope But I have often known it to prove another thing viz. a formall Ring-worme or Tetter it is easily known by the falling away of the hayre by reason of the horses continuall scrubbing when it is in the fleshy part but if it get into the joynt betwixt the top of the rump and the tayle then you shall know it by a kinde of scab which you may with your finger feele and if you scrape or pick it away then will issue forth by little and little a kinde of thin water which being let long to run will in time runne down into his tayle from joynt to joynt and there become a Canker as I said before wherefore to prevent this inconvenience if the Tetter be in the joynt then Flying worme or Tâ—tter Take of Precipitat two drams and put it into a small viall glasse with faire water much more then will cover the powder keeping it close stopped and with this water wash the place every day once and it will infallibly cure it And alwayes so soone as you have dressed the sorance with this water and stopped it up again close then shake it together and so let it remaine untill its next dressing which ought to be twice a day But if the Tetter or Ring-worm be in any fleshy part it is killed by bathing the sorance with the juyce of Sothern-wood Maudlin and Ruâ— of each like much stamped together and strained and so let the place be washed and bathed therewith every day once or twice till it be whole ✚ I have thus cured many Tetters § 14. F. Hippoph VVHat is good to keep a Horse that he be not tormented with Flyes Hippos These Flyes are a vermine which are more bold then welcome to a Horse for what by their buzzing their biting and stinging they do infinitely annoy and afflict the poore beast causing him many times to falter in his travell and lose his pace and most commonly through his nodding and other evill postures and gestures provoked by these flyes they cause him so to fret as to loose his rain and comely carriage of hiâ— body whereby he hath bin much undervalued besides in his travell these Flyes doe so cause him to fret and fume that he both overtoyleth himselfe in his way causing him to sweat so much as that he losing his mettle hath many times thereby inflamed his bloud and brought upon himself sicknesse together with a cistemperature throughout his whole body So likewise being at grasse at what time the flye is too busie they do provoke him to run and to scope about by which meanes he being many times very full it causeth crudities and raw digestions to arise in his stomacke which breedeth surfets or other maladies wherefore for prevention thereof Take the leaves of Gourdes Pumpions or wilde or garden Cowcumbers stamp them and strain them and with the juyce thereof wash your horse all over and the flyes will not come nigh him ✚ Of this I have made often tryall Another Take an Apple of Colliquintida and slice or shred it into small pieces and boyle it in â—yle de Bay and so annoynt your horse therwith and the flyes will not approach him ✚ This is also good Another Take Mallowes stamp and strain them and with the juyce thereof wash your horse and it will keep away the flyes ✚ This is an approved good thing also Another Take Verdegreece made into very fine powder and boyle it in Vineger and wash him therewith being carefull that none get into his eyes or eares ✚ This is the best and will last longest § 15. F. Hippoph WHat is good to mollifie the foot of a Horse Hippos If your horse hath bin foundred and that after being cured his soles and hoofes doe waxe dry and hard they be either shrunk or in perill of shrinking then first take off his shoes and let him be pared somewhat close but not too neere which done with Bee-waxe molten annoynt the soles with the said molten waxe with a Goose-feather and so set on his shooes againe then three daies after Take tryed Hogs-grease and Tarre of each four ounces Feet to mollifie of fat Pitch and of Turpentine of each two ounces melt and mixe all these together and first stop his feet
for the residue I do remit you to its proper place when and where I will give you store of good Receipts and therfore I leave it for the present § 26. F. Hippoph VVHat is good to stay a Flux Hippos This commeth of cold taken sometimes by reason nature is offended with some cholerick humour proceeding from the Liver or Gall into the Guts it commeth eftsoones when a horse drinketh too much presently after the eating a great quantity of Provender for by that meanes the water comming to the Provender causeth the Provender to swell whereby crudities are bred in the stomack and so conveyed down into the Guts which occasioneth his Flux also it commeth by travelling too soone after provender it not being well digested before and it will come also to a Horse by drinking cold water when he is very hot and after the water not being presently warmed in his belly is the cause of a Lax or Flux It will also come by eating of a Feather Hen-dung Spider some venemous worme or other troublesome creature and therefore my counsell is not to stop a Flux too hastily unlesse you do finde that your horse do purge too too violently and then be you well assured that nature is not a little offended for it will bring him in short time to great weaknesse and debility of body give him therefore first the Clyster Laxative Flux which you have taught you in lib. 2. chap. 6 § 8. Clyster 21. letter C. and that will carry away from him all that may any way offend him and a day after give him tâ—â—â— drink Beane flower and Bole-Armoniack powdred of each three ounces mix them with red Wine or Tinte one quart give it him bloud warme and after keep him warme in the stable and let him have Hay and Oates by a little at a time and that often and eyther sweete Mashes or white water ✚ This is very good Another Take of red Wine one quart and Bay-salt one handfull and brew them well together and with a horne give it him and this will stay his scowring ✚ This is also an approved Cure Another Take of wood Ashes finely searsed and of Bole-Armoniack made into very fine powder of each like much put them into the water that he is to drinke and let him drinke thereof morning and evening and this will stay his Flux ✚ But if it be a violent scowring proceeding from the eating of a Feather or some other naughty thing so as this will not stay it then Take the entrals of a Pullet or great Chicken all but the Gizard and mixe with them of Spike-nard one ounce and make him swallow it and this will infallibly stay his scowring yea if it be a bloudy Flux ✚ This is speciall good § 27. F. Hippoph VVHat good Receipt have you to Mundifie cleanse and heale foule and old Sores Hippos I had thought Sir you would not have fallen upon this till it had come to its proper place when and where we should have the particular matters of Sores by themselves together with their cures but sithence you are pleased to touch them in this place I will give you one Receit which cannot easily be paralleld Take of green Coperas and of Salt-Peter of each halfe a pound Foule an old sores â— mundifie bay Salt and Salt-Gemma of each three ounces Arsnick one ounce put all these finely powdred into a stillitory glasse the pot or bottome thereof well nealed and put also thereunto of the strongest white Wine Vineger one pinte set the pot on the fire and put on the head closing it with Cute of Hermes and being thus placed in the furnace make under it a strong fire by the space of five or sixe hours and with your Receptory take the first water that commeth for that is the very strongest and best and after an houre the fire will be out of the warer then stop up the glasse very close and so keep the water for your use The next water is also good but not so strong as the first but reserve it also by it selfe as you do the first And when you are to wash any sores therewith be very carefull that you lay none of this water upon either sinewes or veynes for that it will burn them in sunder but where Vlcers and fouler old sores be in the fleshy parts this water will work wonders if wounds be washed with it and you carefull in the application thereof ✚ Of this I have had great experience Another I have taught me by an expert Marishall of France but by reason of the extreame violence thereof I never durst use it which is called the spirit of Tinne which will also mundifie all sorts of old sores and the French Marishals do use it much And this is the Receit viz. Take Mercury one ounce Spirit of Tinne and put into an old cleane pewter pottinger and fill up the pottinger with Plantane water and with your finger stirre the Mercury about the pottinger till it be quite dissolved and then the water will become white then let it stand an hour in the pottinger then poure forth the water into a cleane glasse-viall and then you shall see in the bottome of your pottenger the Tinne runne liquid like unto Quick-silver or life as if it were melted for that is your spirit of Tinne and thus is it made § 28. F. Hippoph WHat is to be administred to a Horse that forsaketh his meate Hippos There be many causes that may make a Horse to forsake his meate and yet not be sicke at all and so also by occasion of sicknesse that either comming upon him or else which hath already seized him And first a Horse may forsake his meate and forbeare to eate for some time no whit sicke as when he shall eyther linger after Mares or after grasse being weary of dry meate againe he may forbeare his meate and yet not be sicke by meanes of some accident or inconvenience bred in him or befalne unto him as by having the Lampes Barbs Giggs Blisters bloudy-rifts tongue hurt paine in the teeth or some such like infirmity in or about his mouth these may be causes that may induce him to forbeare to eate and yet the creature not sicke but otherwise healthy and hungry and faine would feed but eyther cannot or dare not Also a Horse may forsake his meate being through the inconsideratenesse of his keeper cloyed whereby he doth loath his meat sometimes through over-ayerings morning and evening sometimes againe by suffering him to eate being very hot after great swearing upon immoderate riding and toyle or after water or washing being also very hot These and many more may be the causes why a Horse may forsake his meat and yet not be sicke And he may also forsake his meat by reason of sicknesse ensuing as upon Colds Rhumes and Catarres newly taken and beginning to be felt upon him so also he may forsake his meat by reason
head and let him be thus perfumed a quarter of an houre together ✚ Another Perfume 2 Take Brimstone made into fine powder and mixe with it fresh Butter and Sallet oyle as much as will suffice let him not take this with fire like as he did the former but let it be conveyed into his nose with a linnen clowt rowled up in the fashion of a great Taynt and this will bring forth much bad matter ✚ Another Perfume 3 Take Penny-royall Sage and Wheate of each as much as will suffice and boyle them in faire water till the Wheat do burst put the Wheat and Hearbs being first drayned from the water so hot as it commeth from the fire and so fasten the bag unto the head of the horse whereby he may receiue the fume up into his head And thus you may perfume him at pleasure and as you shall see cause ✚ The residue of perfumes and the manner how to apply them you shall finde among my Cures and therefore it will be superfluous for me to intreat any further of them §. 14. P. Hippoph VVHat is the best manner of administring Purgations to a Horse Hippos As touching Purgations I have spoken before very largely as well for inward purging as for outward and therefore what I shall say more is in effect but one and the same thing neverthelesse for your further satisfaction I will briefly deliver unto you what can be said of Purgations Five wayes we have whereby to purge a horse viz. by Pils Potions Clisters Suppositories and Grasse Pils for the most part do purge and cleanse the head and braine by drawing the peccant humours down into the body and so sending them forth with the excrements Potions do free the stomack belly and guts from such naughty humours which Glanders Colds and Surfets have engendred in the body Clisters are of sundry and those of different natures some to ease and appâ—ase griefes some to allay the biliousnesse and sharpnesse of evill humours some to binde and some to loosen and some to heale as in case of Vlcers and old Sores within the body principally and those do also cleanse the guts refresh the inward parts and spirits vitall and prepare the body before hand for the receiving of purging pils or potions Suppositories help the diseases in the guts being of nature and condition more gentle then Clisters are and may be applyed when Clisters cannot It therefore remaineth that the skill of the Ferrier be such as to be able judiciously to understand the severall natures of every of these things to know how to make choice of his ingredients and simples aptly to understand how to compound them punctually and artificially to discern rightly before he do administer what be the humours and maladies wherewith the creature is annoyed and visited as whether V. G. it be Choler Melancholy Flegme or Rhume as also in what part of the body the humour offensive is most predominant and what simples will purge or remove those evill humours for it is requisite he be able to know right well and ad unguem the nature and property of every one of them in particular by reason that some are much more asperous and violent then others be yea many simples are strong poysons if they be not well prepared and corrected and yet their qualities well weighed and compounded by true Art and great good judgement will work wonderfull effects Those simples which be strong are Colloquintida Scamony Elebore c. the more gentle are Manna Cassia Whey Prunes c. But those that be of the meane or indifferent working are Rubarb Agarick Aloes Sene c. and this I am bold to intimate unto you to the end you may the better understand their natures vertues and qualities and come to know the more securely how to work when occasion shall be offered The fift and last way of purging is by grasse especially if the horse be surfetted and hath been over-toyled the Winter before for this must be done in the Summer time when grasse is in its best heart but that grasse which will scoure and purge most is a new mown meadow for that will rake his guts very well nor will he in such a place gather flesh I do therefore counsell you not to suffer him to remain in such grounds above fourteen or fifteen dayes and then take him forth and put him into some other pasture where the grasse hath not been touched with the Sithe for then he will belly well and in short time recover much flesh and become fat and lusty This manner of scowring will cause him to empty himselfe well to purge and send away all his bad humours and surfets ease his limbs marvellously well do his legges and feet very much good refine his corrupt bloud and make him agill and full of spirit To mow green Rye before it be eared is also most wholesome for it scowreth cleanseth and cooleth the body very much so doth the leaves of Sallowes and of the Elme but as touching the administring of Scowrings and Purgations in the Stable you must understand that some skilfull Ferriers who have been far travelled in this Mystery have very diligently and studiously set you down many very good rudiments and instructions wherewith to worke with all security whose observations I do advise you punctually to observe as first the seasons of the yeere are to be pondred V. G. in winter if his body be to be purged it must be first prepared by Phlebothomy or Bloud-letting together with artificiall dyet therefore you shall administer eyther Suppository Clyster Potion or Pill c. You must keep him a day or two from hay straw or such like hard-meats of digestion for that those things will be a great impediment to the working of physicke or medicine and he must also be kept for a time from meate because emptinesse is a great helpe to physicall operation otherwise it may happen as it doth oftentimes that more danger then good may accrew to the Horse Wherefore two or three dayes before you do intend to purge him let his meate be eyther Wheate or Rye-bran prepared like as before is taught you and give him also either good bread made of purpose with Beanes Pease and some Rye in it or else Oates well sifted which must be dry and sweet and let his drinke be white water onely and that morning you intend to give him a purge let him befasting from either meate or drinke but about six or seven a clock in the morning give him this or some other purge which I have already taught you or shall hereafter which must be correspondent unto the malady for which you are to purge him for one Purgation will not sort to every infirmity but this purge is most profitable for the causes which I shall presently deliver unto you And this it is viz. Purgation 1 Take of white Wine one pint or of strong new Ale one quart so much of the powder
not at any time faile in the discovery of the least lamenesse that shall proffer it selfe to your eye if you will be pleased diligently to observe my documents you must therefore first understand Rules how to know where a horse halteth either before or behinde that if he do hault before his griefe must of necessity be either in the shoulder or in the knee or in the shanke or in the pasterne or in the foot if it be in the shoulder it must be either towards the withers or in the pitch of the shoulder or in the elbow if in any of these places of the shoulder you may know it in that he will a little draw his legge after him and not handle it so nimbly and dexterously as he doth the other if he cast his legge more outward then he doth the other it is a manifest signe that he is lame and that the griefe lyeth in his shoulder and for the better tryall thereof let your man but turn him short on either hand and in that shoulder where the lamenesse is you shall perceive him to complaine and to yeeld for he will either favour that legge or trip in the turning you may also finde his lamenesse by his standing in the stable for there he will hold forwards his lame legge more then the other but yet you come not to understand in what part of the shoulder the griefe lyeth wherefore take for an infallible rule that if he doe complaine more when a man is upon his backe then otherwise when he is from his back then be you confident that the griefe lyeth in the withers and gripe him hard and you shall perceive him to shrinke and perhaps offer to bite if the Horse doe tread thicke and short before then is the griefe upon the pitch of the shoulder close to the breast which you may easily finde by setting your thumb hard to the place and by thrusting him with it as if you would have him to goe back whereat he will shrinke and put back his legge foot and body if the griefe be in the elbow you shall discover it by pinching him with your fore-finger and thumb good and hard upon that place at the doing whereof you shall perceive him to shrinke and hold up his legge and to offer to bite and these be all the griefes which doe lye in the shoulders of the Horse which not being visible you shall thus discover them as touching those griefes which lye lower they must be either in the knee in the shin in the pasterne or in the foot If it be in the knee When in tâ— knee you shall finde it by his stiffe going for he will not bend it so actively as he doth the other if it be in the shanke or shin-bone you may both see and feele the same it being then a backe sinew spraine splent When in thâ— shanke or some such like sorance or anoyance so likewise if it be in the bending of the knee then it is a malender which is also most easily descryed if it be in the pastern or joynt When in thâ— pasterne then may you know it by his not bending it so well as the other besides if you put your hand upon the place you shall finde it to be very hot and to burn much first if it be in the foot it must then be either in the cronet or in the sole if in the cronet it is then probable it came by some straine or wrench if in the heele then it came by some over-reach or else by some disease in or about the Frush if in the sole then it came by some pricke accloy retoire cannel nayle stub stone or gravell And thus have I discovered unto you all the severall sorts which causeth a Horse to hault before and how to know and distinguish the places grieved together with the occasion of every particular griefe It followeth that we discusse yet further the meanes how to distinguish an old griefe from a new taken straine or hurt which without an exact scrutiny cannot easily be discovered for oft times a horse hath gotten a straine for which he is presently turned to grasse where peradventure he runs the whole Summer and so by that meanes seemeth to goe upright till he be heated and strained anew and then will it appeare again howbeit upon his first riding it may not appeare you have therefore three wayes whereby to finde our his lamenesse Three waies to finde out lamenesse in what joynt limb or member of the body soever it lyeth 1 The first way is to take him out of the Stable and to cause him to be turned at the halters end on either hand suddenly and swiftly upon as hard a way as you can pick out and if he have any ache wrench or griefe in his fore-parts it will appeare for that when he shall turne upon that hand in which the griefe is you shall perceive him to favour that legge and so likewise run both towards you and from you especially down a little yeelding hill and if he have any â—â—perfection he will soon shew it for that he will favour that legge â—herein the griefe resideth but if you be not able to finde out his lamenesse this way 2 Then your second way must be for you to take his backe and to ride him out a good round trot or pace a full houre or so long untill such time as you have throughly heat him then set him up and let him stand quiet two or three houres and then either take his backe againe or else turne him at the halters end as before and by thus doing you may discover the least griefe that may be in him especially when you thus stir him if it be done upon stony or hard ground for then he can neither will or choose but either to favour the member grieved or else to hault right downe 3 A third way we have and that is to know whether the griefe doth proceed from a hot or cold cause for if it proceed from a hot cause then will the Horse hault most when he is hot and in the middest of his travell but if it be of a cold cause then will he hault least whilst he is hot and most ridden and travelled and most at his first setting forth whilst he is cold and thus much for lamenesse and halting before Now you perceiving your horse to hault and that you be assured that his lamenesse is not before then may you be confident it must be behinde which being so the griefe must of necessity be either in the foot or in the nether joynt in the pasterne or in the legge in the hamme or in the hough in the stifling place or joynt or in the hip If the griefe be either in the legge pasterne or foot if you doe observe him well you shall understand it by the very same signes which I have inculcated already in the legges pasternes or feet
for that the signes be the very same if it be in the bending of the hamme you may then easily know it to be a plaine Selander If it be in the hough then is it either a bone or bloud-Spaven which is easily enough to be discerned or else it must come of some blow wrench or straine neither then will the swelling easily appeare but you shall perceive it either by the stifnesse of the joynt or else you shall finde the place to be hot and burning if the paine shall lye in the stifling place it is manifestly discovered by his gate for then you may perceive him in his going to cast the stifle ioynt outward and you may plainely see the bone on the inside to be bigger then the other besides his toe will hardly touch the ground If it be in the Hip which is upon the side of the buttock and if the hurt or wrench be newly taken you shall easily know it in that the Horse will goe side-long like a Crab not being able so well to follow with the grieved legge as he can doe with the other Notwithstanding if it be a hurt taken long before you shall perceive the Hip to be falne lower then the other and the flesh to shrinke you may also perceive it the better as by going up a hill or upon yeelding ground by reason he cannot goe with so great ease as when he goeth upon even or plaine ground But the better to discover in what part behinde the griefe lyeth let his Keeper take him out of the Stable in a long raine or coller-haulter and let him runne him in his hand the full length of the rayne for that in which legge soever the griefe is you shall perceive him to favour it but if you finde him to goe upright without favouring any legge then let your man take his backe and ride him out a good trot or hand gallop till he be warmed then set him up and let him stand an houre or two till he be cold then take him forth againe and let your man trot him in his hand at the end of the Rayne as he did before and thus you shall perceive him to hault and complaine and well observing him and his gate or going you may easily finde the place grieved And if any lamenesse whether before or behinde doe proceed from any hot cause then you shall best know it for that the more you travell or exercise him and the warmer he is the more he will hault But if his griefe shall proceed from any cold cause then will he halt most being cold after he hath been travelled and set up warme §. 5. S. Hippoph YOu have spoken well of lamenesse in generall termes but yet would I gladly understand from you somewhat more in particular as V. G. I would know how to distinguish between a pinch in the shoulder and a wrench in the shoulder as also betwixt a shoulder splat and of the shoulder pight and so of the other members Hippos In answer to this demand I say that if you be cautelous in observing duely and justly the postures and gestures of your Horse may very easily come to know in what member joynt or limb the griefe lieth and from whence it proceeds for you must understand that when a horse is pinched in the shoulder it must come either by carrying too heavy burthens or by being put to draw and be over-laboured too young his ioynts and limbs not being knit and this you may easily finde in that the horse will appeare to your eye to be very narrow brested and to consume and waste in his flesh from those parts where griefe remaineth and you may also perceive it in that the shoulder bone will sticke out further then the other and thus you may finde it but if he hath gotten a wrench in the shoulder it comes commonly by meanes of some slip or by causing him to make too sudden a stop upon false ground or by some fall upon yeelding or slippery ground or by too short or sudden turning him upon false grounds or upon the planks in a Stable or by some rash going out of a doore or other narrow place or by some stroke given by another horse you shall know it like as before I told you by his not well lifting and handling his legge with that dexterity he doth the other as also by taking him upon the pitch of the shoulder bone and as touching a shoulder splat Shoulder-splat which also commeth by a slide or slip especially upon some side or yeeldâ—â—g ground where one legge doth slide from the other whereby he teareth the flesh which is in the inside neere the brisket which causeth a bauke to be underneath the body which will after be swelled and the horse will thereupon hault right down and he will draw his legge after him but if he be shoulder-pight Shoulder-pight this commeth by some brush straine or fall which the Horse receiveth by some leap skip stroke or bruise against some doore tree or the like insomuch that often times the ioynt is dislocated and this will also cause him to hault down right wherefore your cures for each of these mischiefes and mishaps must be handled accordingly and if the paine doe lye in any of the nether joynts it commeth most commonly by meanes of some wrench as by putting his foot into some cart roote of rough uneven ground or by going upon loose stones and many times by turning him too short in places that may be dangerous for his limbs for by such like causes doe occurre lamenesse to a Horse which when it shall happen you shall thus know them and know also in what ioynt or member the griefe hath its abode and the manner of curing each of these severall griefes I have already sufficiently shewed you and therefore now let us passe to other matters § 6. S. Hippoph VVEll then tell me what is good to cure the Scratches Hippos Of this malady we have sundry sorts and degrees unto which albeit we doe give severall names neverthelesse they be all in effect but one and the same disease as Mules Kibes Rats tayles Crepanches paines c. every of which are none other thing but the very Scratches being certaine scabs which ingender betwixt the heele and the pasterne ioynt and so goeth many times above the pasterne even up to the hough and albeit you may have this sorance sometimes upon all foure legges yet not ordinary for that it breedeth most commonly in the hinder legges this is a noysome sorance and comes sometimes through the negligence of the Groome in that he doth not daily anoint the horse heeles with store of elbow grease as we tearme it especially after journeyes and hard travell or when he brings his horse in from water and then doth not rub his legges and heeles dry for that the sand and durt doth burne and fret his heeles which doe occasion swellings and such like swellings doe
of Salendine and wash the hurt-tongue therewith nine dayes together and it will cure it albeit it be halfe cut in sunder for the iuyce of Salendine well conglutinat and sodder the tongue together being cut or wounded ✚ This also is very good §. 2. T. Hippoph HOw doe you helpe a Horse that hath an Itch in his Tayle Taile an itch Hippos This commeth of ranknesse of bloud and therefore it is requisite that first he be let bloud in the Tayle and that hee bleed well After Take Buck-lye and with a Ragge or Hurds in the Lye wash the place infected every day often or as many times as it shal be dry and continue thus doing foure or five dayes and this will cure it ✚ This is very good Another But if the hayre do fall away with the Mainge or Itch then slit the skin from within two inches of the Tuell to the fourth ioynt and with your Cornet take out a certaine bone or gristle which the French do call Bariuole then fill up the clift with Salt made into fine powder and with a hot iron burne the tayle in sundry places and wash it with Buck-lye as before But your Lye must bee made very strong This cure I never practised but I once saw a Marishall of Paris dresse and so cured a Horse in this manner of this malady of whom I had the cure § 3. T. Hippoph HOw doe you make your Vnguentum Theriacum Hippos This Vnguentum Theriacum Theriacum Vnguentum is most soveraigne for any Ach in any of the Ioynts it is also speciall good for Horses that doe fall lame if the griefe be in the Hip Stifling-place legs shoulders Pasternes or any other part of the legges a back-sinew-sprain only excepted And thus I do make it Take of Nervell of Oyle of Pamphilion and of black-Sope of each two ounces and of tryed-hogs-grease halfe a pound melt all these upon a gentle fire and being molten put into it of ordinary Treacle two penny-worth then take it from the fire then with a Splatter or Spoone keepe it by continuall stirring till it be through cold then will it be of a dun-colour keep this in a gally-pot for your use And when you shall have occasion to use the same anoynt the grieved place therewith rubbing and chafing it in very well and let one hold a barre of hot iron neere as you do anoynt the griefe And thus is it made ✚ This is most excellent to raise the veine from the sinew at what time you are to take up the veine I have tryed it saepè et saepiùs §. 4. T. Hippoph HOw doe you destroy a Tetter Hippos This Malady or Sorance the French doe call Vervolant the Flying Worme which is a Tetter or Ring-worme Tetter or Ring-worme and the cure is this Take the rootes of Elicampane and the rootes of the red-Dock of each like much slice them thinne and put them into vrine three quarts with Bay-salt two handfuls let it boyle untill one quart bee consumed then take it off and with a clout fastned to a stick wash the Sorance very hot Vse this foure or five mornings together and it will kill it ✚ This is very good §. 5. T. Hippoph VVHat is to be done to a horse that tyreth in travell and falleth sicke Hippos For a Horse to tire upon the way the causes are many First for that he is travelled when he shall be too young Secondly in that he is lately taken from grasse whilst he is yet foule and foggy before he be well ensaimed thirdly in that he hath beene long kept and pampered in the Stable without giving him breath or moderate exercise Fourthly by being travelled beyond his strength in longer journeyes and deeper waies then he was well able to performe Fiftly it might be through the covetousnesse or carelesnesse of his rider in not feeding or seeing him fed so well as was fitting Sixtly and lastly by reason the Horse might have some secret infirmity whereof his master might be ignorant Wherefore if your Horse may happen in his travell to tire or faint have patience with him and do not force him beyond what he may be able to performe either by spurring or beating him like as many cholericke and passionate people doe usually but get to some house or Inne so soone as conveniently you may when first you see him begin to sinke or to faint under you set him presently up warme clothed and well littered that he take no cold and let his Keeper or the Ostler of the Inne rubbe and chafe him all over with fresh dry straw but especially let him rub him against the hayre and let him have no meat till two houres or more after you have given him this drinke Take of the best sweet Sack one pinte but if that cannot be had Tyring in travell then take the same quantity of White or Claret Wine and put therto of Cinamon Ginger Nutmegs Graines Cloves Anniseeds and Fennell-seds of each one ounce all made into fine powder then take red Sage Rosemary-tops Mints Camomill and wilde Thyme of each like much so that in all they amount to halfe a handfull chop the hearbs very small and then put all these Hearbs and Spices into the Wine and then boyle them a pretty while then take it from the fire and straine it hard and unbit your horse and give him this drink bloud warme this done Bit him up againe and with a switch stir him up and down as he standeth in his place tyed to the Rack then coole him and two houres after his drink give him first some Hay and halfe an houre after that give him either a sweet Mash or white water and after feed him at your pleasure but be you considerate in giving him his Provender by little at once and often and howsoever feed him well and thus ordering him by morning he will be well recovered and able to travell againe ✚ This is an excellent drink and of great vertue for any Horse that tyreth or falleth sick upon the way It is also very requisite that with a Syringe you do inject of this drinke into his nostrils Another If you doe feare that your horse may tire in his journey for prevention carry with you a boxe of powder of dryed Elecampane roots and let the powder be also searced and when you do come unto your Inne let him not be walked but set up warme in the Stable clothed and littered his legs body head and necke be by the Groome or Ostler well rubbed but chiefly his Poll betwixt his eares Then take of strong Ale one quart or of sweet Sack one pinte which is much better and put into it of your Elecampane halfe an ounce brew them well together and give it him with a horne then bridle him and tie him to the Racke but not too high so as he may put down his nose and let him stand so an houre then unbridle him and give