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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A87472	The touchstone, or, Trial of tobacco whether it be good for all constitutions : with a word of advice against immoderate drinking and smoaking : likewise examples of some that have drunk their lives away, and died suddenly : with King Jame's [sic] opinion of tobacco, and how it came first into England : also the first original of coffee : to which is added, witty poems about tobacco and coffe [sic] : something about tobacco, written by George Withers, the late famous poet ...; Two broad-sides against tobacco.	Hancock, John, fl. 1638-1675.; Hancock, John, fl. 1669-1705.; James I, King of England, 1566-1625. Counterblaste to tobacco. 1676.; Maynwaringe, Everard, 1628-1699?; Thomson, George, fl. 1648-1679. Aimatiasis. Selections. 1676.; Ward, Samuel, 1577-1640. Woe to drunkards. 1676.; Sylvester, Josuah, 1563-1618. Tobacco battered, and the pipes shattered. 1676.; Everard, Giles. De herba panacea. English. Selections. 1676.; Wither, George, 1588-1667.	1676 (1676)	Wing J144A; ESTC R42598	56,406	78

over-charge of Meat Bread Fruit or such like substances not spirituous but dull and heavy comparativè is of more difficult digestion and layes a greater and more dangerous load upon the faculties having not such volatile brisk spirits to assist Nature nor of so liquid a fine substance of quicker and easier digestion So that the symptoms from thence are much more dangerous then those peracute distempers arising from Liquors So likewise those bad symptoms in other Diseases are more to be feared and accounted mortal then the like arising from drunkenness because those perhaps depend upon malignant causes or such as by time are radicated in the body or from the defection of some principal part but the storm and discomposure arising from drunkenness as it is suddenly raised so commonly it soon falls depending upon benign causes and a spiritucus matter that layes not so great an oppression but inebriates the spirits that they act very disorderly and unwontedly or by the soporiferous vertue stupefies them for a time untill they recover their agility again But all this while I do not see that to be drunk once a moneth should prove good Physick all I think that can be said in this behalf is that by overcharging the Stomach vomiting is procured and so carries off something that was lodged there which might breed Diseases This is a bad excuse for good Fellows and a poor plea for drunkenness for the gaining of one supposed benefit which might be obtained otherwise you introduce twenty inconveniences by it I do not like the preventing of one Disease that may be by procuring of one at the present certainly and many hereafter most probably and if the Disease feared or may be could be prevented no otherwise but by this drunken means then that might tollerate and allow it but there are other wayes better and safer to cleanse the body either upwards or downwards then by overcharging with strong drink and making the man to unman himself the evil consequents of which are many the benefit hoped for but pretended or if any but very small and inconsiderable And although as I said before the drunken fit is not mortal and the danger perhaps not great for the present yet those drunken bouts being repeated the relicts do accumulate debilitate Nature and lay the foundation of many chronick Diseases Nor can it be expected otherwise but you may justly conclude from the manifest irregular actions which appear to us externally that the functions within also and their motions are strangely disordered for the outward madness and unwonted actions proceed from the internal impulses and disordered motions of the faculties which general disturbance and discomposure being frequent must needs subvert the oeconomy and government of humance Nature and consequently ruine the Fabrick of mans body The ill effects and more eminent products of ebriety are first A changing of the natural tone of the Stomach and alienating the digestive faculty That instead of a good transmutation of food a degenerate Chyle is produced Common experience tells that after a drunken debauch the stomach loseth its appetite and acuteness of digestion as belching thirst disrelish nauseating do certainly testifie yet to support nature and continue the custom of eating some-food is received but we cannot expect from such a Stomach that a good digestion should follow and it is some dayes before the Stomach recover its eucrasy and perform its office well and if these miscarriages happen but seldom the injury is the less and sooner recompenced but by the frequent repetition of these ruinous practices the Stomach is overthrown and alienated from its integrity Secondly An unwholsome corpulency and cachectick plenitude of body does follow or a degenerate macilency and a decayed consumptive constitution Great Drinkers that continue it long few of them escape but fall into one of these conditions and habit of body for if the Stomach discharge not its office aright the subsequent digestions will also be defective So great a consent and dependance is there upon the Stomach that other parts cannot perform their duty if this leading principal Part be perverted and debauched nor can it be expected otherwise for from this Laboratory and prime office of digestion all the parts must receive their supply which being not suteable but depraved are drawn into debauchery also and a degenerate state and the whole Body fed with a vitious alimentary succus Now that different products or habits of body should arise from the same kind of debauchery happens upon this score As there are different properties and conditions of bodies so the result from the same procuring causes shall be much different and various one puffs up fills and grows hydropical another pines away and falls Consumptive from excess in drinking and this proceeds from the different disposition of parts for in some persons although the stomach be vitiated yet the strength of the subsequent digestions is so great from the integrity and vigor of those parts destinated to such offices that they act strenuously though their object matter be transmitted to them imperfect and degenerate and therefore do keep the body plump and full although the juyces be foul and of a depraved nature Others è contra whose parts are not so firm and vigorous that will not act upon any score but with their proper object does not endeavour a transmutation of such aliene matter but receiving it with a nice reluctance transmits it to be evacuated and sent forth by the next convenient ducture or emunctory and from hence the body is frustrated of nutrition and falls away So that the pouring in of much liquor although it be good in sua natura does not beget much aliment but washeth through the body and is not assimilated But here some may object and think That washing of the body through with good Liquor should cleanse the body and make it fit for nourishment and be like good Physick for a foul body But the effect proves the contrary and it is but reason it should be so for suppose the Liquor whether Wine or other be pure and good yet when the spirit is drawn off from it the remainder is but dead flat thick and a muddy flegm As we find in the destillation of Wine or other Liquors so it is in mans body the spirit is drawn off first and all the parts of mans body are ready Receivers and do imbibe that limpid congenerous enlivener freely and readily but the remainder of greatest proportion that heavy dull phlegmy part and of a narcotick quality lies long fluctuating upon the digestions and passeth but slowly turns sowr and vitiates the Crases of the parts So that this great inundation and supposed washing of the body does but drown the Faculties stupefie or choak the Spirits and defile all the Parts not purifie and cleanse And although the more subtile and thinner portion passeth away in some persons pretty freely by Vrine yet the grosser and worse part stayes behind

appetitions and idiosyncratical properties of several bodies one thing will not agree with all Therefore he that cannot drink warm let him take it cold and it is well to him but he that drinks it warm does better And this is to be understood in Winter when the extremity of cold hath congelated and fixed the spirits of the Liquor in a torpid inactivity which by a gentle warmth are unfettered volatile and brisk whereby the drink is more agreeable and grateful to the Stomachs fermenting heat being so prepared then to be made so by it There are three sorts of Drinkers one drinks to satisfie Nature and to support his body without which he cannot well subsist and requires it as recessary to his Being Another drinks a degree beyond this man and takes a larger dose with this intention to exhilarate and chear his mind to banish cares and trouble and help him to sleep the better and these two are lawful Drinkers A third drinks neither for the good of the body or the mind but to stupifie and drown both by exceeding the former bounds and running into excess frustrating those ends for which drink was appointed by Nature converting this support of life and health making it a procurer of sickness and untimely death Many such there are who drink not to satifie Nature but force it down many times contrary to natural inclination and when there is a reluctancy against it as Drunkards that pour in Liquor not for love of the drink or that Nature requires it by thirst but onely to maintain the mad frollick and keep the Company from breaking up Some to excuse this intemperance hold it as good Physick to be drunk once a moneth and plead for that liberty as a wholsome custome and quote the authority of a famous Physician for it Whether this Opinion be allowable and to be admitted in the due Regiment for preservation of Health is fit to be examined It is a Canon established upon good reason That every thing exceeding its just bounds and golden mediocrity is hurtful to Nature The best of things are not excepted in this general rule but are restrained and limited here to a due proportion The supports of life may prove the procurers of death if not qualified and made wholsome by this corrective Meat and drink is no longer sustenance but a load and overcharge if they exceed the quantum due to each particular person and then they are not what they are properly in themselves and by the appointment of Nature the preservatives of life and health but the causes of sickness and consequently of death Drink was not appointed man to discompose and disorder him in all his faculties but to supply nourish and strengthen them Drink exceeding its measure is no longer a refreshment to irrigate and water the thirsty body but makes an inundation to drown and suffocate the vital powers It puts a man out of the state of health and represents him in such a degenerate condition both in respect of body and mind that we may look upon the man as going out of the World because he is already gone out of himself and strangely metamorphosed from what he was I never knew sickness or a Disease to be good preventing Physick and to be drunk is no other then an unsound state and the whole body out of frame by this great change What difference is there between sickness and drunkenness Truly I cannot distinguish them otherwise then as genus and species Drunkenness being a raging Disease denominated and distinguished from other sicknesses by its procatarctick or procuring cause Drink That Drunkenness is a Disease or sickness will appear in that it hath all the requisites to constitute a Disease and is far distant from a state of health for as health is the free and regular discharge of all the functions of the body and mind and sickness when the functions are not performed or weakly and depravedly then Ebriety may properly be said to be a Disease or sickness because it hath the symptoms and diagnostick signs of an acute and great Disease for during the time of drunkenness and some time after few of the faculties perform rightly but very depravedly and preternatually if we examine the intellectual faculties we shall find the reason gone the memory lost or much abated and the will strangely perverted if we look into the sensitive faculties they are disordered and their functions impedited or performed very deficiently the eyes do not see well nor the ears hear well nor the palate reMifh c. The speech faulters and is imperfect the stomach perhaps vomits or nauseates his legs fail Indeed if we look through the whole man we shall see all the faculties depraved and their functions either not executed or very disorderly and with much deficiency Now according to these symptoms in other sicknesses we judge a man not likely to live long and that it is very hard he should recover the danger is so great from the many threatning symptoms that attend this sickness and prognosticate a bad event here is nothing appears salutary but from head to foot the Disease is prevalent in every part which being collated the syndrom is lethal and judgment to be given so Surely then Drunkenness is a very great Disease for the time but because it is not usually mortal nor lasts long therefore it it slighted and look't upon as a trivial matter that will cure it self But now the question may be asked Why is not Drunkenness usually mortal since the same signs in other Diseases are accounted mortal and the event proves if so To which I answer All the hopes we have that a man drunk should live is first From common experience that it is not deadly Secondly From the nature of the primitive or procuring Cause strong Drink or Wine which although it rage and strangely discompose the man for a time yet it lasts not long nor is mortal The inebriating spirits of the liquor flowing in so fast and joyning with the spirits of mans body make so high a tide that overflows all the banks and bounds of order For the spirits of mans body those agents in each faculty act smoothly regularly and constantly with a moderate supply but being overcharged and forced out of their natural course and exercise of their duty by the large addition of furious spirits spurs the functions into strange disorders as if nature were conflicting with death and dissolution but yet it proves not mortal And this first because these adventitious spirits are amicable and friendly to our bodies in their own nature and therefore not so deadly injurious as that which is not so familiar or noxious Secondly Because they are very volatile light and active Nature therefore does much sooner recover her self transpires and sends forth the overplus received then if the morbifick matter were more ponderous and fixed the gravamen from thence would be much worse and longer in removing as an

and clogs in the percolation A third injury and common manifest prejudice from intemperate drinking is An imbecillity of the Nerves which is procured from the disorderly motions of the Animal Spirits being impulsed and agitated preternaturally by the inebriating spirits of strong Liquors which vibration being frequent begets a habit and causeth a trepidation of Members Transcribed verbatim out of Doctor Maynwaring's Treatise Of long Life That it may not be said to be onely one Doctors Opinion here is added another Collection against Tobacco-smoking written by the learned Doctor George Thompson in his Book Of Preservation of the Bloud A Bove all I much condemn the common abuse of Tobacco out of which no other symptomes than a scorbutical Venome is accidentally sucked Agreeable to which Judgment of mine is that of the Legitimate Artist Doctor Maynwaring who marks where Tobacco is much taken the Scurvy doth most abound I wish those who are too forward to condemn Chymical Preparations ordered by true Philosophers would reflect upon themselves and others as yet ignorant of Pyrotomy how that they are too forward in rushing into this Science Indirectly making use of a Retort with a receiver I mean a Pipe and the mouth for the reduction of this Plant into Salt and Sulphur proving not a little injurious to them If they were conscious how subtil an enemy it is how hardly to be dealt withall in a moderate sense how insinuating tempting deluding how disagreeing to nature as is manifest at first taking it pretending an evacuation onely of a superfluous moisture when it also generates the same how it wrongs the Ventricle by reason of a continuity of its membrane with that of the mouth how it taints the nutricious Juyce how it dozes the Brain impairing its Faculties especially the memory They would quickly commit this Herb to the hand of those that know what belongs to the right management and improvement thereof I confess it hath a Dowry bestowed upon it which may make it very acceptable to all ingenious Artists for inward and outward uses yet as the matter is handled indiscreetly I know nothing introduced into this Nation hath discovered it self more apparently hurtful in aggravating and graduating this scorbutical evil among us then Tobacco I am not ignorant what some Object That there are those who taking an extraordinary quantity of Tobacco have lived a to great age as Sixty or Seventy Years 2. That multitudes not taking this fume are yet notwithstanding over run with the Scurvy 3. That some have protested they have received certain benefit by this Plant when other Remedies prescribed by able Physitians have been invalid to relieve them 4. That there are places where Man Woman and Child take in this Smoke none of these sad effects appearing As to the first I answer One Swallow makes no Summer I reckon this among raro contingentia I have known one very intemperate in Dier live to the fore-mentioned age but doubtless had he Regulated himself according to the Rules of Mediocrity he might have doubled that age Innate Strength of Body doth carry a man sometimes through that without any great damage which destroys another 2. I do not affirm that this Vegetable is the sole Co-adjuvant cause of the Scurvy it being certain there are many Promoters thereof Besides yet granted that your great Compotators Ventricolae Gormandizers who have as the Grecians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lazy panches little else to do but to take Tobacco to pass away the time filling Pipe after Pipe as fast as possible they can exhaust it are commonly incident to this feral Malady Hereupon this very same specifick Disease may be diffused and communicated to others by expiration or ffluvium sent out of a Body infected therewith so that it seems rare to me that the Wife should be exempted from this Cacoettick Sickness if the Husband be afflicted therewith or the Husband be free if the Wife be vexed Doubtless some Peoples Breath doth exceedingly taint the Air to the great annoyance of others 3. I condemn not medicinal appropriation and application of this Drug for I knòw it to be of excellent Vertue There is great difference Inter dictum secundum quid dictum simpliciter between the censure of any thing as absolutely evil and the indirect practise of it Moreover what is one man's Meat may be anothers Poyson 4. The generality of smoking it in some places without those ill effects we find doth not at all frustrate my assertion For I have observed a more moderate course of life in Diet the goodness of the Air with an hereditary Custome hath in great measure ballanced the nocument or inconveniences which otherwise they would have contracted by excess thereof neither are these numerous Tobacconists acquitted from this evil as it appears by those frequent eruptions in the skin whereby a greater mischief is prevented within they being only efflorescences of a scorbutical pravity There are as I apprehend two principal Reasons to be given why this Weed hath captivated so many Thousands in such sort that they become meer Slaves to it One is the seeming delight it affords in the present taking thereof inducing a pleasing bewitching melancholy exceedingly affecting their Fancies so that they could wish with him in the Poet Hic furor ô superi sit mihi perpetuus O that I might alwayes thus melancholize not considering though the Prologue be chearful the Epilogue is often sad though the Spirits are as it were titillated and charmed into a sweet complacency for a short space yet afterward a dulness gloominess seizes upon them indeed how can it be otherwise seeing they are but forcibly lulled into this secure placid Condition by that which is as far remote from the Vitals as the Beams of the Sun are from a black Cloud I find in this Smoke a stinking retunding condensing Opiatelike Sulphur and an acrid Salt profligating extimulating so that by the bridling much of the one and the excessive spurring of the other the spirits like a free metalsome Horse are quite tired out at last It is impossible that the frequent insinuations of this subtil fume making shew of affinity but quite of another tribe with the animals should not at length let a body be never so strong and custom how ever prevalent either pervert or subvert his well constituted frame Another Reason observable only by those that are true Gnosticks of themselves why Tobacco is so highly set by and hath so many Followers is its meretricious kisses given to those that embrace it oftentimes secretly wounding them mortally yet are they not throughly sensible who gave them the stroke I have taken notice of very temperate Persons in other things who for diversion have indulged their genious ad Hilaritatem continuing for urbanitysake in Company they liked longer then ordinary have so closely pursued this pernicious Art of sucking in the smoke of this Herb that never any Chymist was more solicitous in greater hast to fetch

medicinal power must needs alter and change the Body according to the properties it is endowed with by the constant use and daily reception of it Now Tobacco being of an accrimonious hot dry c. nature does pervert and change the Balsamick juyces of the Body into a more sharpe and fiery temper and alienate them whereby they are not so amicable and fit for nutrition as many scorbutick Tobacconists do evidence upon examination and their constitution changed by the evil use of this Plant and it is very reasonable to expect it and impute such alterations to the use thereof since they are the proper effects of such a Cause the more remarkable discovery and frequency of the Scurvy may well and justly be imputed to Tobacco since of latter years that Tobacco hath been in use and in those Countries where Tobacco is much taken it doth abound most Although I discommend the use of Tobacco by smoking it as an injurious Custome yet I highly applaud it as very medicinal being rightly used I remember about fifteen years since a Patient of mine in Derby-shire fell into a great Paroxysm of an Asthma almost to suffocation I exhibited a Dose of the Sirrup of Tobacco which gave him present help and within a few hours was relieved that he could draw his Breath with much ease and freedome And about a year after at Maxfield in Cheshire I cured a Gentlewoman of an Ulcer in Ano of seven years standing chiefly with the Ointment of Tobacco and although other things were used yet I ascribe most of the Cure to that Unguent And in many other cases Tobacco is of good use which I have experienced but smoking of it I find to be hurtful if it be customary I shall not be so strict and severe against the use of it as to forbid all persons the smoking it upon any score whatever for that which may be used at certain times as medicinal upon just occasions requiring in some persons may prove very bad and pernicious upon the constant and general use and this is the case of Tobacco Tobacconists whom custome hath ensnared and brought them to delight in it are willing to be perswaded and deluded that it is good and wholesome at least harmless the pretences which they urge in defence of it are such as these Some plead for it and use it after Meat as a help to Digestion and therefore take it as a good remedy against a bad Stomach and weak Digestion To this I answer They are much mistaken herein not distinguishing between digestion and precipitation of meat out of the Stomach digestion is not performed but in due time by retexture alteration fermentation and volatization of Meat and till then is not fit to pass out of the Digestive-Office which requires some hours more or less according to the nature of the Food received of facil or difficil digestion now that which provokes the Stomach to a distribution of semi-digested Chyle and unloading it self before digestion be finished and perfected offers great injury to the Body and this is the case of Tobacco by its lavative stimulating properties which error committed in the first Digestive-Office is not corrected nor the damage recompenced by the accuteness and strong elaborations of the subsequent digestions and for this reason in part the Scurvy is procured hereby Some take Tobacco for refreshment after labour and divertisement of serious thoughts being tired with business study and musing True it is Tobacco puts a suspension upon serious thoughts and gives a relaxation for a time in some persons others contemplate and run over their business with more delight by the help and during the taking of a Pipe But both these persons though seemingly delighted and refreshed for a short time yet afterwards the Spirits are lassated and tired and are more flat dull and somnolent when the Pipe is out this was but a cheat the Spirits were not truly refreshed invigorated and reinforced as Wine does enliven and make brisk the Spirits by affording and communicating an additional supply but by the fume of Tobacco the Spirits are a little inebriated and agitated by an other motion then their own which is a seeming refreshment and short not real substantial and lasting Others plead for Tobacco and take it as a Remedy against Rheume because a great dryer and exhauster of superfluous Moisture To evince the Error of this Opinion consider what is the cause whereby Rheumes and crude moisture in the Body do abound and then you will plainly see whether smoking Tobacco be a proper or likely Remedy to prevent or oppose it Phlegm and superfluous moisture does arise and abound in the Body from a deficiency and debility of the Digestions as also impediment or impotency of the expulsive faculty that the remainders after digestion be not transmitted by the common ductures Now this fume of Tobacco gives no Roboration adds no strength to the digestive faculties having no symbolical qualities to comply with and assist them is very plain Also that separation and expulsion of superfluous moisture by this fume is not promoted and transmitted through the more commodious ductures and passages appointed by nature for emission onely a salivation by the mouth is procured which brings no advantage but detriment for this Flux of moisture doth not arise as critical from the impulsion of Nature separating and protruding but from a promiscuous attraction of fluid moisture by vertue of its acrimonious heat as well the landable util succus as the degenerated and superfluous so that constantly draining the Body of this dulcid serosity must cause many inconveniencies through the want of it in as much as it is very serviceable to the Body in the integrity of its nature but being alienated is then reduced or vented by better means nature concurring with the medicine But admit this did attract only excrementitious moisture which it does not yet considering it Vitiates the Stomach and Impregnates the Chyle with its evil properties 't is much better to forbear then to use it that benefit would not recompence this injury And further that which is a preventing or curative remedy of superfluous Moisture Rheume or Phlegmatique matter applies à Priori to the Digestions the Springs from whence such Effects do arise not à Posteriori to the producted matter which this fume seems to pump out but does not stop the Leak is therefore no radical Medicine and they that smoke Tobacco upon this accompt as a great dryer and exhauster of superfluous moisture are much deceived in the expected benefit it onely brings a current of moisture which ought to be expended otherwise but it abates nothing in the Fountain or Springs rather augments and makes an overflow for the Reasons aforesaid as Tobacconists do evidence by their much spitting Object Some may say I never took Tobacco and yet I have the symptomes of the Scurvy as bad as any that have taken it Answ This may be so from other great

procuring causes and yet Tobacco notwithstanding may be one great procurer in other persons The Scurvy does not require all the procuring causes to concur in its production but sometimes one and sometimes another is able to do it and although you take no Tobacco yet perhaps your Parents did or theirs and it is sufficient to make you fare the worse bad customes and abusive living extends farther then the person so offending it is transmitted to their Off-spring as in another Work I have noted in these words But yet the Crime were less if onely to themselves the prejudice did extend but also to Posterity their Diseases are propagated the Children having impressed upon them and radicated in the principals of their nature the seminal power and productive vertue of inordinate and intemperate living of their Genitors and Progenitors that the Children may bear witness to the following Age the vice and folly of their Parents and Predecessors recorded and characterised in them c. Hereby you may understand that evil customes as of smoking Tobacco do not injure onely the person doing so but the Generation after them are prejudiced And here by the way we may take notice of the many Rickity Children in this latter Age since the use of Tobacco which Disease was not known before the frequent use of it Tobacco does enervate and debilitate the faculties that we may rationally expect the Children from this Generation to be Scorbutick Rickity and more feeble then formerly Amurath the Fourth of that Name Grand Seignior of the Turkish Empire put forth his Edict againgst the smoking of Tobacco and made it a Capital Crime for any that should so use it the Reason of this severe Prohibition was that it did render his People infertile I shall not urge the inconvenience of Tobacco so far but this I may assext that it causeth an infirm Generation by debilitating the Parents and rendering them Scorbutick which Impressions are carried in semine to their Children and makes a diseased Issue And I observed in Virginia being some time in that Colony that the Planters who had lived long there being great Smokers were of a withered decayed Countenance and very Scorbutick being exhausted by this imoderate fume nor are they long-lived but do shorten their dayes by the intemperate use of Tobacco and Brandy King James that learned Philosophical Prince of this Nation wisely considering the nature of this Plant and having a good Stoxastick Head to foresee the inconveniencies that would arise to his People by the ill custome of smoking it he being the great Physcian of the Body Politick does excellently dehort his Subjects being tender of their future welfare from this noxious fume and writes an Invective against it whose Oratory and solid Arguments were enough to have broken the neck of this Custome had they any regard to his kindness or sense of their own good and of their Posterity I might have enlarged my self upon this Subject and run over most Scorbutick symptomes shewing how they are either first procured or aggravated by this fume But from what hath been said already it plainly appears that Tobacco is a great procurer and promoter of the Scurvy in as much as many Scorbutick symptomes are the proper effects of smoking Tobacco as lassitude dulness somnolency spitting ill tast in the mouth c. And although some few persons either by the strength of nature do strongly resist the bad impressions it sets upon several parts of the Body or by the peculiarity of nature is less offensive and hurtful to some or brings some particular benefit amongst its many ill properties that makes it seemingly good yet insensibly and by time it damageth all and those few good effects in some few persons are not of validity to give it a general approbation and use and free it from the censure of a great procurer of the Scurvy but may be justly reckoned in that Catalogue Preservation of Health in the choice of Drinks and Regular Drinking DRink for necessity not for bad fellowship especially soon after meat which hinders the due fermentation of the Stomach and washeth down before digestion be finished but after the first concoction if you have a hot Stomach a dry or costive Body you may drink more freely then others or if thirst importunes you at any time to satisfie with a moderate draught is better then to forbear Accustom youth and strong Stomachs to small drink but stronger drink and Wine to the infirm and aged it chears the Spirits quickens the Appetite and helps Digestion moderately taken but being used in excess disturbs the course of Nature and procures many Diseases for corpulent gross and fat Bodies thin hungry abstersive penetrating Wines are best as White-Wine Rhenish and such like For lean thin Bodies black red and yellow Wines sweet full bodied and fragrant are more fit and agreeable as Malaga Muscadel Tent Alicant and such like For Drink whether it be wholsomer warmed than cold is much controverted some stifly contending for the one and some for the other I shall rather chuse the middle way with limitation and distinction then impose it upon all as a rule to be observed under the penalty of forfeiting their health the observations of the one or the other There are three sorts of persons one cannot drink cold Beer the other cannot drink warm the third either You that cannot drink cold Beer to you it is hurtful cools the Stomach and checks it much therefore keep to warm drink as a wholsome custome you that cannot drink warm Beer that is find no refreshment nor thirst satified by it you may drink it cold nor is it injurious to you you that are indifferent and can drink either drink yours cold or warmed as the company does since your Stomach makes no choice That warm drink is no bad custom but agreeable to Nature in the generality First Because it comes the nearest to the natural temper of the Body and similia similibus conservantur every thing is preserved by its like and destroyed by its contrary Secondly Though I do not hold it the principal Agent in digestion yet it does excite is auxiliary and a necessary concomitant of a good digestion ut signum causa Thirdly Omne frigus per se proviribus destruit Cold in its own nature and according to the graduation of its power extinguisheth natural heat and is destructive but per accidens and as it is in gradu remisso it may contemperate allay and refresh where heat abounds and is exalted Therefore as there is variety of Palates and Stomachs liking and agreeing best with such kind of Meats and Drinks which to others are utterly disgustful disagreeing and injurious though good in themselves so is it in Drink warmed or cold what one finds a benefit in the other receives a prejudice at least does not find that satisfaction and refreshment under such a qualification because of the various natures particular