Houses for distress some are cautious how they go so far The dissenting Subject keeps up close and upon his Market-day keeps his Shop shut as if he were broken or hid his head from Serjeants yea from worse Men than common Bailisss The Informer keeps the Street and hath whom he pleaseth at his command The Parish Officer is in a threefold Difficulty or Strait 1. The Justice of Peace fines him and threatens worse to him if he doth not make distress 2. It goes against his Nature and his Love to his Neighbour Friend Kinsman it goes against his Conscience to distrain the Goods and spoil the Trade and beggar innocent Children he cannot do it but if he do not he shall rue it himself he is sined and he is further threatned The Informer is now pro tempore his superior Officer he must execute his Warrants 3. He is in another Difficulty If he break into his Neighbour's House he is told he cannot justify it by Law by some sage Counsellors the owner of the House and Goods may sue him for breaking into his House He is told he hath but one Remedy when he is sued the Justice will stand by him and the Favour of the Court and Partiality of a Jury will be his Defender But really is not this an hard case that a Man must ruine others or be ruined and do these Actions look as if they did really rejoyce that they are ruled by Law when without Law or against Law he proceeds in hopes of Favour And what is all this for but to get Money for the chief Ruler the noble Informer the Shame and Scourge of his Country Gentlemen and Magistrates that have Wisdom to foresee and sense of what they see are disquieted in their Minds the Envious in hope of encreasing their own Trade are more modest than to approve it and they who are Scorners of Religion make merry at it And this is a true but imperfect face of the times and I divulge no Secrets II. The Sufferings of the Nonconformists have been coursely and darkly opened in the two former Pleas and will be more particularly set forth in what follows Their former Sufferings come upon them again and that with the Addition of more Weight and Violence many have by an indecent Art done what they can to shut up both his Majesties Eyes and Heart I call it indecent because we owe a greater Reverence to the King they have thanked him for his ruling by Law and declared their Adherence to the Church of England as established by Law As soon as they have done this they crave leave to execute the Laws upon Dissenters as if they would take the King at his Word and while the Gracious Declaration was fresh that there might be no room for wonted Mercy and Indulgence except he should recede from his Royal Word almost as soon as sent abroad They seem to oblige the Bishops and the Church by declaring for it as establish'd and thereby tied their Tongues and Pens from supplicating for their Protestant Brethren for if they do they will be interpreted to act contrary to themselves and their own Establishment and no doubt but many a fair Story is told them of I know not what invisible Machinations against them They must look on while a Course is taken which will reflect upon them and their Government as much if not more than a tolerated Nonconformity The more discreet and moderate sort of Magistrates are look'd upon as savouring of Parliamentary Notions either are left out of the Commissions of Lieuetenancy and Peace or act not at all or act by way of Mitigation of Rigor the most declaredly opposite to the Parliaments to Protestant Dissenters seem to act alone therefore the Law falls with multiplied Aggravations upon Preachers and People What was argued by way of Consequence in the second Plea proves now to be true as if it had been a Prophecy The Dissenters are fined for so many Meetings past That there are Fines upon the Officers of one little Market-Town for neglecting to break their Neighbours amounting to 200 l. and the Fines upon one Preacher and his Hearers come to about 1000 l. if they may be exactly levied What is the Case of Populous Places They suffer spiritually bodily really and relatively A Man cannot marry his Daughter to a Dissenting Protestant but he is like one that throws away her Portion a Man cannot put a Child apprentice to a Dissenting Protestant but he is in danger of losing his Money and his Son of losing his Trade by his Master 's not being able to follow it nor to hold many of them are in as bad a case as the Papists if the Laws were fully executed upon them for some Protestants are returned into the Exchequer and their Estates under Composition and the Parts that are left to them are liable to other Laws against them But if the Executioners of the Laws stop at the Composition there would be something left certain to them But the remaning two Parts are subject to these Laws the Oxford and five Mile Act and this against Conventicles and to the Ecclesiastical Courts besides they are obnoxious to Excommunications Significavits Writs de Excommunicatio capiendo to Banishment and Abjuration and Felony if they abjure not Some question whether that Act of Q. E. 35. be in force but several are brought in danger of it as if it were besides to all manner of Taxes and Payments They are more hardly used than Papists Some have paid 20 l. and 5 s. over and over But now their whole Estates will not satisfy the Demands of Informers and Warrants The only way that Men of Estates have is to become Tenants and Servants to secure them by making them over in Trust The Miseries of their Souls are not yet reckoned by me to prevent which they have ventured long by hearing such Ministers as they conceived most profitable But now for endeavouring to flee from the Wrath to come they are fallen under the Vengeance of cruel and merciless Informers and to save their Souls have brought Ruine upon their Estates III. And what is all this for It is for Nonconformity which may be considered two ways 1. Privatively not conforming 2. Positively being Nonconformists to the Laws of Uniformity preaching and holding Religious Exercises this is the Preachers Crime the Crime of the People is hearing or joyning with them in such Exercises of Religion as are without controversy necessary and profitable This and only this is the cause of all those many and great Sufferings of every kind which they have endured and under which no man can comfortably stand without Faith Self-denial Contentment and the Conscience of well-doing and the hope of Eternal Life the great Recompence of Reward And this being the Cause and the sole Cause of their Sufferings it is such as calls for Pity and great Tenderness and is no just Cause of their many Molestations and bitter Sufferings as I
substantial Piety by which they hope to be saved themselves Duresce duresce Peace upon Israel The Conformist's fourth Plea for the Non-Conformists containing chiesly Relations of the Sufferings of many Non-Conformists in several Parts of England will be shortly published The Case and Cure of Persons excommunicated according to the present Law of England With some friendly Advice to persons pursued in inferior Ecclesiastical Courts by malicious promoters both in order to their avoiding Excommunication or delivering themselves from prisons if imprisoned because they have stood excommunicated four by Days Mr. Jekyl's Sermon intituled Religion makes the best Loyalty which was prepared for that great Assembly of Protestant Lords Gentlemen and Citizens that was to meet at St. Michael's Corn-hill on 21 April last to give God thanks for the Preservation of his Majestie 's Person the Protestant Religion and Protestant Subjects from the Popish Plot and many Sham-plots c. is now published Sold by Jonathan Robinson at the Golden Lyon in St. Paul's Church-yard THE Conformist's Third Plea FOR THE NON-CONFORMISTS WE may think a Suspension of Severity and a powerful Interposition between the Threatning and the Execution would be proper and seasonable of great Service and Advantage but the infinitely wise God Saviour and King of his Church whose Thoughts are deep and unsearchable may think it sufficient that they that love him have his Promise that all things shall work together for good to them Let them that are instructed to know his Will do it and that know his Promises believe him and that have renounced the World freely part with their small share in it But to me the state of things appears dark confused and disconsolate and being engaged further than I thought at first the same Motives that prevailed with me before prevail'd with me to go on not from a private or factious Discontent but to prevent as much as I can the horrid Sins of some and the greivous Sufferings of others and to discharge mine own Duty which will bring the greatest Peace to my now grieved broken and afflicted Spirit But to come to some special matter give me favour to run over these four things I. To represent the State of our Times II. The Sufferings of the Protestant Dissenters III. For what IV. By whom they suffer I. We are a most sinful and sinfully divided Generation so broken that none but God can keep us from falling to pieces like a Pot-sheard broken like a broken earthen Vessel in which there is no pleasure Our Reason cannot propose nor consult Expedients to make us whole and happy because Interests worldly Policy and a contemptible Art or private Cunning to get or save the things that perish in their use and by their Abuse undo and ruine the Owners doth stir up Sedition in our Passions against our Reasons The Gospel hath been so generally despised that it hath not begotten in us a Faith and Love that unites to Christ and to one another We have not Faith enough to purify our Hearts to overcome the World to act as for a Crown of Glory and a Kingdom that cannot be moved If we believed a World to come how little should we strive for this If we had Love enough to cover a multitude of Sins to forgive one another to love as Brethren and our Neighbour as our selves we should not be so jealous and suspicious nor contentious nor selfish as we are One great thing is wanting which is the Wisdom from above described by St. James Chap. 3.17 Which is first pure then peaceable gentle easy to be entreated full of Mercy and good Fruits without Partiality without Hypocrisy There is a great Reproach cast upon the Church and the greatest of all cast upon the Dissenters as Dividers but it is an ignorant or malicious Reproach for there is nothing whole but the Church and Body of Christ They are united to Christ the Prince of Peace by one Spirit Faith and Love and to one another by the same Bonds and Principle Schism and Faction are from the Flesh and Devil No sooner do Joseph and his Brethren know one another to be Brethren but they fall upon one anothers Necks and kiss and weep and repent of all their Unkindnesses and express the dearest Love Paul and Barnabas dissent and part but both agree to promote the Kingdom of Christ They that are not and will not be reconciled to God are the great Dividers and Breakers of the Peace they are made up of Lusts of the Flesh which divide and draw several ways for their Satisfaction Whence come Wars and Fightings come they not hence even of your Lusts which war in your Members There is Dissention in the Mind and in the Passions between the Law in the Mind and Heart and the Lusts of the Mind and Flesh till the Conscience comes to be past feeling and the Sinner falls under a reprobate Mind and then what Confusion follows when they call Good Evil and Evil Good put Darkness for Light and Light for Darkness what open Defiance is bid to God and Christ what dissenting from and Nonconformity to the sacred Baptismal Covenant the holy Rules of a Gospel-Conversation There is a Law of Faith of Love of Repentance and the Penalty is heavy upon them that do not obey it there is a Law of Righteousness of following Peace and Holiness without which no Man can see the Lord Who transgress these Laws and multitudes more Yea who is the Man that is guilty of all And what Sin so great now a days and in all times as Nonconformity Who rob by the High-ways who kill and steal who curse and damn who have Wo who have Sorrow who have Contentions who have Bablings who have Wounds without cause Who have Redness of Eyes Nonconformists Who make the greatest Trouble to Justices and Magistrates Nonconformists Who fill Prisons and breake them Who take leave of the World at Tyburn and other Places Nonconformists Who draw Swords send Challenges fight Duels and murder one another first with Wine and Drink and then kill their dear Companions Nonconformists and Dissenters But now there is a Distinction to be made some Dissenters are tolerable and some intolerable the drunken Nonconformist is tolerable he hath not only taken the Oaths but swears the other is a sober Nonconformist and taking the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy will not acquit him and he is intolerable The Nonconformists that assemble to worship God are intolerable and thousands that worship him not at all are too commonly let alone But are not Malefactors punished yes they are but their Crimes are against Civil Peace or Righteousness and not immediately for Irreligion But the Nonconformist Dissenters from arbitrary and variable Impositions are punished heavily and smartly for religious assembling and no other Cause as is proved in the second Plea and is cleared hereafter And upon this the Kingdom is extreamly divided and troubled There is a mighty Party in the Land that
Formality and Force of an Act yet it is the first Matter and Original of an Act out of which an Act doth arise 3. This Vote was not of private Concernment in which Interest makes Men partial but it was of Concernment to the Church and Kingdom But many of the first movers in the Prosecution and of the Instruments in it act from a private Spirit and a particular Interest and find neither Concurrence from any that are at liberty and act as Freemen nor Approbation from the Standers-by except the few that know not what they do and care not what others do any more than Gallio Lastly the inferiour sort are Informers and Inferiour Officers Constables and Church-wardens c. of these there is not one of many but what abide severe Threatnings and heavy Fines considering their Estates before they distrain This way is contrary to the very common Sense of Christians and ordinary Men. But the Informers are a select Company whom the long Suffering of God permits for a time of whom I will say but little in this place They are of no good Reputation for their Knowledg in the Country they do not know the Names or Persons of some of them that are molested by them they go by report of their under-Servants or Complices they are unknown to them that suffer by them until they suffer They come two or three Counties off to set up this new Trade whether they are Papists or nominal Protestants who can tell They never come to Church not to their own Parish-Churches but lie in wait and ambush Their Estate is invisible their Country unknown to many their Morals are as bad as the very Dregs of the Age. These are they that direct and rule many of the Magistrates and live upon the spoil of better Christians and Subjects than themselves And who go away with honest Mens Goods honestly gotten but they To whom I have a great deal to say in the latter Part if I can hold my Pen without trembling while I write of them The Substance of what I intend to discourse upon is contained in these three Heads I. I will shew the Cause of the Sufferings of the Nonconformists II. Argue for a Cessation of this forcible Course against them III. Apply the whole to the Instruments of their Sufferings whether they be Magistrates Ministers Informers or others I. The only Cause of their Sufferings is their Nonconformity Of this I have spoken as fully as I thought needful at that time both in the First Plea opening the hardness of their Case in the Second Plea First Plea from p. 14 c. Second Plea p. 10 11. I must reassume this Head anew for a further Information of the World and Amplification of the thing in reference to their Suflerings and lay both before the Conscience of the Christian Reader who may propose this Case of Conscience as rising from it Whether the Nonconforming Christians and Protestants ought to suffer as they do and what they do meerly for Nonconformity For the opening of this Point once again I will consider Nonconformity as above-said 1. Privatively and passively as not doing what the Law requires 2. Positively and actively as doing what the Law forbids 1. Take Nonconformity in the first Sense and what is it but not subscribing or refuting to subscribe to what is required and not declaring what is required to be declared in the Act of Uniformity and by consequence not doing as is required in the Act or the Common-Prayer here lies their Nonconformity and hence the Name is taken 2. They do not refuse all and every Condition therein required of them It is not possible that I should particularly relate what Particular-Men do scruple and stick at some can do more than others can but they who can do most cannot do all required They are by some counted worse than Papists looked upon as a fort of ignorant erroneous obstinate unreasonable Men seditious and schismatical that obey neither King nor Bishops nor Church and are ignorantly and scornfully called These Men and these kind of People as if they were a strange odd sort of People wilfully bent upon their own Way Delusions and Fancies as if they carried the Sparks of Rebellion and the Seeds of Heresies and false Doctrine in their Hearts and kindled them in their Conventicles But know that they are as obedient regular Subjects as any in the King's Dominions save in one Defect or Omission which is Subscribing Swearing Declaring according to a particular late Act of Uniformity and Corporation And to them that wonder at them that censure condemn and afflict them I give this short Distinction and Account of them 1. The Preachers and Teachers are Men brought up in Learning in Schools and Universities or in University Learning if not in the Universities The older sort have for the most part taken Degrees in the Universities were in former times ordained by Bishops and had conformed to all or the principal things required by the old Act of Uniformity The middle-aged among them have had the like Learned Education and are Ministers either ordained by Bishops or by Presbyters or elected and chosen by particular Congregations and set apart for that Work by Fasting and Prayer if not also by Imposition of Hands The younger sort have Education in Learning in Schools Tongues Arts and Sciences the same that are taught in our Universities though they are taught out of the Universities in a more private way and have not the Titles of Graduates in Arts and Divinity In a word they are tho in different Degrees and Proportion some more and some less learned pious painful self-denying able and successful Ministers and orderly and peaceable Subjects according to all other Laws as any of us are Their Hearers are like other Men bred up in Trades and Callings as other Men are as is commonly and universally known In short let them that think strangely of them as these Men and these kind of Men receive this impartial Character of them ☜ The Nonconformists are Christians believing all the Articles of the Christian Faith that observe whatsoever Christ commanded his Apostles to observe and teach that observe all the Ordinances of the Gospel according to the general Rules of the Gospel-Worship Government and Discipline according to the best of their Understandings and Prudence that obey every Ordinance of Man for the Lord's sake that are subject to Principalities and Powers that obey Magistrates that live by the Law of Love and Rightcousness that have their Conversation according to the Gospel as other Christians or as the best of other Christians do and that submit observe and obey all Laws of the Kingdom as other Subjects do save the aforesaid Act of Uniformity and Subscriptions and Oaths of late Years imposed and never before And this Character of them contains matter of Answer to the many Questions Accusations and Censures raised upon them They are reported to be factious fanatical unlearned
renounced the Bishop of Rome without any reasonable Cause But let us see wherein our Brethren are to be blamed or do any thing but what our King and Governours may allow the Primitive Bishops of our Reformation being Judges The Religion of our Brethren is Thou shalt Worship the Lord thy God and him only shalt thou serve It is the Religion of Christ and not of Anti-christ I reckon it cannot stand with the Prince's Duty to reverse this heavenly Decrce Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God c. with establishing two Religions in one Realm the first authorized by Christ Bishop Bilson of Subjection Part 1. p. 21. Edit 4o. and bequeathed in his Testament to the Church the next invented of Antichrist and flatly repugnant to the Prophetical and Apostolical Scriptures Our Brethren endeavour to keep strictly to the Scripture and Christ as Law-giver Then as the Minister must dispence the Word of Truth be therewith offended and grieved who list so the Magistrate may draw the Sword of Justice to compel and punish such as be blindly led Part 1. pag. 33. and maliciously bent to resist sound Doctrine Who then should be punished Preachers or they or those Officers that trouble them Object But the Magistrate is to be obeyed in all lawful things and every particular Church hath power to ordain Ceremonies so they be not contrary to God's Word Answ No Man disputes the Magistrate's Power in commanding things good and necessary the Doubt is concerning things which are indifferent as some suppose but not indifferent as the Dissenters suppose Of things indifferent hear the Judgment of the same learned Bishop We may not for things indifferent trouble the weak Minds of our Brethren yet this Rule bindeth no Magistrate to remit the Punishment of Error and Infidelity Ibid. Pag. 33. because God hath charged to suffer no kind of Evil unrevenged and this is the greatest whose Voice they must hear whose Will they must obey though they were sure thereby to scandalize never so many both Aliens and Subjects If they are things truly indifferent then Governours may forbear to command them whereas many do rationally scruple the Observation of them and cannot without Sin observe them Condescention and Selfdeial would rid Mens Consciences out of this Strait between the Magistrate's Command and the Dictates of Conscience Object But by their Preaching and separate Meetings they break the Communion of the Church and are guilty of Schism and to tolerate them is to tolerate a Schism Answ This is the great Clamor of the Accusers but let us see wherein Communion of Saints and Churches doth consist and then we shall see what Schism I cannot quote a more learned Doctor of this Church Ibid. Part 2. p. 223 224. or of greater Authority than the same Reverend Bishop Bilson he shall decide this Case It is a most pernicious Fancy to think the Communion of Christ's Church depends upon the Pope's Person or Regiment let them that imagine one Vniversal Soveraign Power over the Church in our days whether one or many observe this Doctrine and that divers Nations and Countries differing by Customs Laws and Manners so they hold one and the same Rule of Faith in the Bond of Peace cannot be parts of the Catholick Church Communicant one with another and perfectly united in Spirit and Truth each to other and fy on your Follies that rack your Creed and rob Christ of his Honour and the Church of all her Comfort and Security whilst you make the Unity of Christ's Members to consist in Obedience to the Bishop of Rome and not in Coherence with the Son of God! The Communion of Saints and near dependance of the Godly each on other and all of their Head standeth not in external Rites Customs and Manners as you would fashion out a Church observing the Pope's Canons but in believing the same Truth tasting of the same Grace resting on the same Hope calling on the same God rejoycing in the same Spirit whereby they be sealed sanctified and preserved against the day of Redemption The Communion of the Catholick Church is not broken by diversity and variety of Rites Customs Laws and Fashions which many Places and Countries have different each from other except they be repugnant to Faith and Good-manners as St. Augustine ad Januarium Irenaeus c. Eusebius l. 5. c. 23. Socrates l. 5. c. 22. Simple Verity is the Band of Unity Jewel Defence p. 460. Praelection de Ecclesiâ Bishop Carlton makes the Unity of the Church to consist in one Head Christ one Body one Spirit one Faith or one Rule of Faith And if Unity consists in Uniformity in the same Form of Prayer Liturgy and Ceremonies there was no such thing as Unity there were as great Schisms in the Apostles days as among our Brethren according to the Judgment of the same learned Bishop Bilson Ibid. fourth part p. 619 620 c. Some of their own might be so vain-glorions as in making their Prayers at the Lord's Table which was then done by Heart and not after any prescribed Order or Form to shew the Gift of Tongues In the publick Service of the Church the Ministers and Elders which were many both Travellers and there Dwellers had every Man his Psalm his Instruction his Tongue Revelation or Interpretation as the Spirit of Grace thought most expedient And other Order in the Divine Service in the Apostolick or Primitive Church we read for certain of none besides the Action of the Lord's Supper which the Apostles and so no doubt all their Churches always used in the end of their publick Meetings but with no set Prayers save only the Lord's Prayer as Gregory confesseth The rest of their Prayers Blessings and Thanks-givings were in every place made by the Gift of the Holy Ghost inspiring such as were set to teach and govern the Church And you have long since their time framed a Liturgy in James's Name Pag. 620. Yet for so much as the Church of Christ did not acknowledg it your main Foundation is a Dream of your own that the Church of Gorinth had a prescribed number and order of Prayers pronounced by some one Chaplain Pag. 621 ☜ that said his Lesson within-book or might not go one Line beside his Missale for any good Where the Christians under the Apostles had in their Assemblies first prophecying i. e. declaring of God's Will and revealing of his Word at which the Insidels and new Converts unbaptized might be present and next Prayers and Psalms to celebrate the Goodness and Kindness of God and to prepare their Minds for the Lord's Table to which all the Faithful came with one Consent of Heart and Voice giving Thanks to God for their Redemption c. And this was done by the mouths of such Pastors and Ministers as it pleased the Holy Ghost to direct and inspire for that Function and Action The People hearing understanding Pag. 622. and
of Union as natural and political Every Christian is united to Christ by the Spirit of Christ's working Faith and Faith perceiving or seeing Christ to be what he is and what he is made of God to us doth attract Love to him which is intire sincere fervent By Faith and Love the renewed gracious Soul doth confederate with and consent and submit to Jesus Christ according to the Articles of the Gospel or Covenant of Grace Every Member of Christ is a part of the whole and there is the same Spirit in all they are all Members of Christ and Members one of another and that Spirit Faith and Love which unites to Christ doth unite them one to another This Union is from active operating Principles and Graces which are quickened and strengthened by the Spirit of Christ making use commonly of outward Means and Ordinances to that End And these Graces or the New Man so quickened and assisted exercise that Power towards Christ and one another and this mutual Exercise of Grace is our Communion with Christ and his with us and of one towards another according to our various Conditions in mutual Care Sympathy Compassion and Joy 1 Cor. 12.25 26. This Communion with Christ and one another in this Life is but imperfect we understand but in part and our Faith serves and helps us but in an imperfect State and by Consequence our Love is weak and other Graces are at best but in a growing Condition Our Administrations and Communnion in Ordinances have great Imperfections according to the weakness of our Perceptions Light and Judgment and other Graces And suppose our Love were strong and intire to one another yet in this bad Light we are subject to many great Errors and Mistakes And our Union and Agreement lies 1. In one general End God's Glory 2. In one Common Principle of Operation or Efficient Cause the Spirit of Jesus Christ 3. In one way and means of Conveyance and Acceptation Jesus Christ as our Mediator and Advocate 4. In one General Rule the Holy Scriptures and the Institutions of Jesus Christ the Law-giver where there are these Ones there is Catholick Unity There is one Body and one Spirit even as ye are called in one hope of your Calling One Lord one Faith one Baptism One God and Father of all which is above all and through all and in you all Ephes 4.4 5 6 c. The ancient true Bonds of Unity are one Faith one Baptism and not one Ceremony one Polity saith the Lord Bacon Vbi supra p. 4. our Disagrement is in the latter we agree in the first and principal From this Union proceeds Communion for the Church the Body of Christ consisting of living Members quickened by the renewing sanctifying Spirit and exercising the Graces received have Communion with God through and by the Spirit and with one another as Children of the same Heavenly Father and Subjects of the same Heavenly King and Members of the same Family And this Communion is held maintained exercised and increased by Laws and Ordinances in the Observation of which there is a conveyance of many and great Priviledges and Benefits This Union and Communion is either inward or outward inward in being joined to the Lord and to one another in being of one Mind and Heart Outward and that 's twofold 1. In spiritual things 2. In outward and carnal things 1. In spiritual things So the first Church continued stedfastly in the Apostles Doctrine and Fellowship and in breaking of Bread and Prayers Acts 2.42 And they continued daily with one accord in the Temple and breaking of Bread from House to House did eat their Meat with Gladness and Singleness of Heart praising God c. Vers 46 47. And let us consider one another to provoke unto Love and to good Works not forsaking the assembling of our selves together as the manner of some is but exhorting one another Heb. 10.24 25. Let the Word of God dwell in you richly in all Wisdom admonishing one another in Psalms and Hymns and Spiritual Songs c. Col. 3.16 Exhorting one another Heb. 3.13 Comforting one another 1 Thess 4.18 Edifying one another Chap. 5.11 Praying always with all Prayer and Supplication in the Spirit Ephes 6.18 Confessing their Faults one to another and praying one for another c. James 5.16 2. In outward and carnal things Acts 2.44 45. c. 4.32 34 35. c. 5.4 Heb. 13.16 1 Tim. 6.17 18 c. This kind of Communion is beside the Subject now in hand It is said there can be no Union without Communion be it so Is not that Communion both of Churches Pastors and Persons a sufficient Communion to free any Churches or Persons from the Guilt of Schism which is answerable and proportionable to the Union of the Body of Christ and agreeable to the Institutions and Ordinances of Christ His Ordinances are sufficient Means and Instances of Communion without any Additions of Forms and Ceremonies we have his Law and Form of Admission into his Family and Church Baptism And being baptized by one Spirit into one Body we have his Word which is sufficient to make us wise unto Salvation and to make the Man of God perfect throughly furnished unto every good Work we have a Form and Pattern of Prayer and Directions and Matter for all manner of Prayer we have a Sacrament for Communion and Confirmation we have what Christ thought sufficient Means of Communion in all and every Nation that should receive the Gospel and by Consequence for the universal and every particular Church And it is observed what the Spirit of Christ did to preserve Unity and prevent Schism He gave diversities of Gifts for divers Administrations and Operations The Church is compared to a Body consisting of different Members in Subordination for Service and Usefulness some to do the Office of an Eye others of an Ear some of a Hand others of a Foot some honourable and some dishonourable that there should be no Schism in the Body 1 Cor. 12. He inspired holy Men and they spake as inspired by him but not the same form of Words without a great variety not the same Form of Prayer in the same Words and Syllables no not the same Form of Words to a word in the Institution of the Lord's Supper St. Mark leaves out Drink ye all of it Mark 14.23 and for Remission of Sins ver 24. St. Luke adds to This is my Body given for you Do this in Remembrance of me Chap. 22.19 20. to the Cup which is shed for you and not as the other two Evangelists And St. Paul delivers to the Corinthians what he received from the Lord and adds to St. Matth. and Mark and varies from St. Luke This is my Body which is broken for you and keeps the words of St. Luke In Remembrance of me but adding As oft as ye do it in Remembrance of me after the Cup 1 Cor. 11.23 24. If either of these Holy Apostles gave the
Sacrament using his own Words and so it be delivered in four Forms who will doubt but he holds Communion sufficient to the Ends of the holy Sacrament And the Uniformity lies in Blessing and giving Thanks in taking Bread breaking it giving and taking it as a Token of the Body of Christ to the appointed End and so also the Cup as a Token of his Blood drinking it to the appointed End Uniformity of Words is not necessary to Church-Communion neither in Articles of Faith nor in Preaching nor in Prayer nor in Sacraments and yet Church-Communion is as necessary a Duty as associating of Churches and Assemblies it being truly the End of such Association and Assembling And yet no Man of sense will deny the great Advantages of Consent Agreement Similitude and Uniformity in all our Administrations as near as we can frame our Minds thereunto which will never come nearer than according to general Rules without Debates and Disputes as many if not more and of as great an Influence upon Peace as can arise from the Application and Construction of General Rules II. Let us remove and take away the Causes of Disunion and Division as much as possibly we can And first Those that are within us which may be reduced to Flesh and Self For whereas there is among you Envying Strife and Divisions are ye not carnal and walk as Men For while one saith I am of Paul and another I am of Apollo are ye not carnal 1 Cor. 3.3 4. Self is the Schismatick within us till we are converted from it we are separate from Christ and by Consequence are disunited from his Body and do not consent to the Terms of his Covenant and Salvation Self-conceit Pride and Loftiness Self-will Self-seeking and Self-love are the Springs of our bitter Waters of Strife and Separation that run into divers Channels or rather break the Banks and over-flow the Church 2. The outward Causes are besides the Co-operation of the World and Devil the rigorous exacting and enforcing of particular Conditions of Church-Liberty and Communion with such Forfeitures and Penalties as hinder the Progress of the Word of Life and the Salvation of Souls All our Wars have been before the Gates of the City since many have been turned out we say they shall not come in except they will subscribe to Terms and they say they cannot except they are taken away Both Sides must sound a Parlee and our Governours have the greatest and most imitable prevailing Example of the King of his Church Homily of Fasting â—â—st part p. 172 173. Edit Lond. 1673. and his Apostles Hear our Homily God's Church ought not neither may it be so tied to that or any other Order now made or hereafter to be made and devised by the Authority of Man but that it may lawfully for just Causes alter change or mittigate those Ecclesiastical Decrees and Orders yea recede wholly from them and break them when they tend either to Superstition or to Impiety when they draw People from God rather than work any Edisication in them and not in these Cases alone as you shall hear afterwards This Authority Christ used for the Order and Decree made by the Elders for washing oft-times tending to Superstition our Saviour changed into the Sacrament of Regeneration This Authority To mittigate Laws and Decrees Ecclesiastical the Apostles practised Acts 15. signifying they would not lay any other Burden upon them but these Necessaries Thus ye have heard that Christian Subjects are bound to obey even in Conscience sincere Laws which are not repugnant to the Laws God Ye have heard that Christ's Church is not so bound to observe any Order Law or Decree made by Man To prescribe a Form in Religion but that the Church hath full Power and Authority from God to change and alter the same when need shall require c. Was there ever greater need than now Love of Union Peace and Growth of Godliness Sence of imminent Danger and that Danger no less than Destruction hath moved the Right Reverend Bishop of Cork to print those pressing Divine Sermons and take his Testimony as carrying greater Authority than of private Men's of the necessity of Union speaking of the Protestants in Ireland We must unite or be destroyed First Serm. p. 29. And how far is Ireland from England Can the Protestant Church in Ireland be destroyed and England be safe Yea how much further is the Destruction from England than from Ireland may not England be destroyed first It is most likely for if England be destroyed Ireland cannot escape if Ireland be destroyed England will be endangered but may better withstand it than Ireland can The same discerning and sensible Bishop cannot conceive any Possibility of an Union of all honest-minded Men of different Persuasions amongst us that call themselves Protestants but by the coming of such several Dissenters into the establish'd Church Hence the Inference is not far to be fetched Second Serm. p. 61. That this Union can never be but by taking away the Bars and the Chains that keep the Dissenters from entering in Upon what Terms saith that Right Reverend and Excellent Person must we of the Establish'd Church come over to you that dissent or you come over to us We declare we cannot without Schism and then adds a most generous Expression of a large and catholick Spirit But are ready to sacrifice all we can otherwise to the Publick Peace and Safety Pag. 29 O that all were thus frank in their biddings for Peace and Union But Right Reverend Father Dissenting-Protestants and Independents will never press you so far as to come to them that is to be Presbyterians and Independents If you will do what you may without Schism and they do what ever can be done with a good Conscience the deadly Wound is in a hopeful way of cure Find out first what Unity is necessary for this imperfect State 2. Observe what Rules Christ gave by his Spirit and the Holy Apostles practised for Unity against Schism for Truth and Faith against Heresy for Government against Confusion for Order against Disorder for Decency against Indecency for Worship against Idolatry and Irreligion for Discipline against decay of Piety and for the soundness of its Members in a word for Admission into Communion and Priviledges for Edification Peace and Comfort And what more can be necessary for Unity and Peace of Christians in one Nation than what was sufficient for Christians in all Nations And then there will be neither Schism on one hand nor Dissent on the other That one Rule of the Apostle as far as we have attained let us walk by the same Rule would unite and heal us and do us more Service than all the Volumns of Canons besides And who can walk by the same Rule further than he hath attained The Means to be used for Union are 1. A sincere Observation of and consciencious Consent unto the Terms of our Christianity and
intend to shew in my following Discourse as God shall help me IV. By whom and from whom and through whose means they are now again exposed to Sufferings I cannot shew the Spring of the Motion but any Man may see the Hands that strike and tell us what time of day it is I do very much doubt whether the most engaged Instruments do know whose Work they carry on this is my Charity but if they do I dare say what they cannot hear without either great displeasure horror or repentance But they are 1. Such as cannot take it ill to be called Addressers and Abhorrers but they as far as I can look about me and see particularly that have thanked the King for declaring his Resolutions of ruling by Law which if any of the Nonconformists had expressed a doubt or fear of had been a far greater Offence than their Nonconformity They have declared for the Protestant Religion as established by Law and yet punish them that profess the same and no other 2. And by Consequence they are such as have declared a dislike of the Proceedings of our late Parliaments and in that particular of endeavouring the uniting of Protestant Dissenters in which alone I am concerned to take notice of them and act directly contrary to the Vote of the House of Commons which resolved That it is the Opinion of this House Lunae 10 die Jan. 1680. that the Prosecution of Protestant Dissenters upon the penal Laws is at this time grievous to the Subject a weakning to the Protestant Interest an Encouragement of Popery and dangerous to the Peace of the Kingdom And by the Rule of Opposition they must in their Opinions turn this Vote backward as if they thought that the Prosecution of Protestant Dissenters upon the present Laws is not grievous to the Subject is not a weakening of the Protestant Interest is not an encouragement of Popery nor dangerous to the Peace of the Kingdom Certainly they must be supposed to hold this as contrary to the general and unanimous Judgment of the far greater Number for as Nemine Contradicente doth not contain every particular Man's Vote so it doth no less than imply a Consent or that to declare a Dissent is to no purpose there is no Division of the House upon it only if they do not hold this contrary to the House they must act both irrationally and desperately in this sense Altho the House of Commons declared their Opinion to be so yet I a Justice or I an inferiour Officer will prosecute the Protestant Dissenters or execute the Penal Laws upon them tho it be a weakening of the Protestant Interest altho it be an Encouragement to Popery and dangerous to the Peace of the Kingdom Or if this Consequence from these Proceedings be too harsh and censorious I will mollify it as much as it is capable of a mollified Construction Let this be the Opinion of the Prosecutors now The Execution of the Penal Laws is not grievous to the Subject that is it is grievous but to some and not to all it is not grievous to the Subject because it is not grievous to them and then we shall have a Discrimination of Subjects to this sense They only who execute the Laws or approve of it are the only Subjects of the King or that the Dissenters can suffer Punishments and the Punishments not be grievous to them Or that the Dissenters are not Subjects but Rebels a sort of quiet Rebels certainly may we never see any other than such unarmed quiet Rebels Again they must think that the Execution of the Laws upon them is no weakning of the Protestant Interest that is to say they are no Protestants And now the meaning is plain that there are no Protestants amongst us but those that are of the Church-Government established by Law and are of it or submit to it or that read or joyn in the Liturgy or do all that the Law requires that is the Act of Uniformity and then a Question will arise Where was the Protestant Religion before 1662 or before the last Long-Parliament Or where is it like to be when these Protestants no-Protestant-Dissenters are cut off where it was before Luther If only the Conformists are the Protestants then what sort of them If only one sort of them then the Catholick Church of England may be not much bigger than some great Conventicle or great Parish They who make this Separation of Protestants are Separatists and Disciples the National Tutors and Instructors in such wholsome and profitable Doctrine both in Divinity and Politicks If Confirmity tota in toto c. makes the Protestant and be convertible with him it makes as good a Definition of a Protestant as of a Man by Accidents A Man is a rational Creature that wears curled Locks long Hair Hose and Shoos c. or of a Philosopher he is a Scholar that wears a Beard c. But to go on they may be thought to be of Opinion that to punish Dissenters is no Encouragement to Popery for when they have rooted them up then they will root up Popery as if they could not come at those great Oaks before they have cut up the Brush-wood Or lastly they do not think it dangerous to the Peace of the Kingdom to suppress Dissenters 1. Because they know that the Dissenters when undone will not molest or disturb the Peace of the Kingdom Or else 2. Because they intend to make them so poor that they shall not be able to disturb the Peace Or 3. Because it is the only way of Peace But here again a Questionist sets upon me as I go peaceably on in my Discourse If the Dissenters are not dangerous to the Peace of Kingdom why are they disturb'd and their Meetings broken up as seditious Meetings 2. If they are dangerous and their Meetings feditious then whether are they more dangerous when they are pleased quiet and in Peace or when they are provoked When they enjoy Trades Liberty and Estates or when they are imprisoned and undone To conclude this Head If our zealous Prosecutors think as the House of Commons did in their foresaid Vote then why will they act contrary to that general Opinion or if they are of a contrary Opinion as I have said then follows 3. A third Branch of the Description of the Prosecutors They are such as do not yea cannot understand the State of the Kingdom and Religion so well as the House of Commons did 1. No one Man of them can understand the true State of the Kingdom as a Grand Assembly of our Representatives did 2. Nor all of them for when the Representatives of the Kingdom met they had such Informations given in and brought before them and saw what was invisible to others there was a Collection of Observations and the Eyes of most of the Kingdom moved in that great Body and their Debates and Reasonings were mature and full And tho a Vote have not the