Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	great_a	life_n	see_v	3,300	5	3.3210	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07168	A booke of the arte and maner, howe to plant and graffe all sortes of trees howe to set stones, and sowe pepines to make wylde trees to graffe on, as also remedies and mediicnes [sic]. VVith diuers other newe practise, by one of the Abbey of Saint Vincent in Fraunce, practised with his owne handes, deuided into seauen chapters, as hereafter more plainely shall appeare, with an addition in the ende of this booke, of certaine Dutch practises, set forth and Englished, by Leonard Mascall.	Mascall, Leonard, d. 1589.; Brossard, David. Art et manière de semer et faire pépinières de sauvageaux.	1572 (1572)	STC 17574; ESTC S112379	70,468	124

a_o book_n of_o the_o art_n and_o manner_n how_o to_o plant_v and_o graft_v all_o sort_n of_o tree_n how_o to_o set_v stone_n and_o sow_n pepine_v to_o make_v wild_a tree_n to_o graft_v on_o as_o also_o remedy_n and_o mediicne_n with_o diverse_a other_o new_a practice_n by_o one_o of_o the_o abbey_n of_o saint_n vincent_n in_o france_n practise_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n divide_v into_o seven_o chapter_n as_o hereafter_o more_o plain_o shall_v appear_v with_o a_o addition_n in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n of_o certain_a dutch_a practice_n set_v forth_o and_o english_v by_o leonard_n mascall_n in_o laudem_fw-la incisionis_fw-la distichon_fw-la hesperidum_n campi_n quicquid_fw-la romanaque_fw-la tellus_fw-la fructificat_fw-la nobis_fw-la incisione_n datur_fw-la ❧_o imprint_v at_o london_n by_o henry_n denham_n for_o john_n wight_n the_o book_n unto_o the_o reader_n each_o wight_n that_o willing_a be_v to_o know_v the_o way_n to_o graft_v and_o plant_v may_v here_o find_v plenty_n of_o that_o skill_n that_o erst_o have_v be_v but_o scant_o to_o plant_v or_o graft_v in_o other_o time_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o spring_n i_o teach_v by_o good_a experience_n to_o do_v a_o easy_a thing_n the_o pleasure_n of_o this_o skill_n be_v great_a the_o profit_n be_v not_o small_a to_o such_o man_n as_o will_v practice_v it_o in_o thing_n mere_a natural_a the_o poor_a man_n may_v with_o pleasure_n find_v some_o thing_n to_o help_v his_o meed_n so_o may_v the_o scotfree_a man_n reap_v some_o fruit_n where_o erst_o he_o have_v but_o weed_n the_o noble_a man_n that_o need_v naught_o may_v thereby_o have_v at_o will_n such_o pleasant_a fruit_n to_o serve_v his_o use_n and_o give_v each_o man_n his_o fill_n the_o common_a weal_n can_v but_o win_v where_o each_o man_n do_v intend_v by_o skill_n to_o make_v the_o good_a fruit_n mo_z and_o ill_a fruit_n to_o amend_v weigh_v well_o my_o word_n and_o thou_o shall_v find_v all_o true_a that_o i_o do_v tell_v my_o author_n do_v not_o write_v by_o guess_n practice_v make_v he_o excel_v if_o thou_o will_v practice_v as_o he_o do_v thou_o may_v find_v out_o much_o more_o he_o have_v not_o sound_a out_o all_o the_o truth_n that_o nature_n have_v in_o store_n farewell_n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a and_o my_o very_a good_a lord_n sir_n john_n pawlet_n knight_n lord_n s._n john_n leonarde_n mascall_n wish_v prosperous_a health_n with_o continual_a increase_n of_o honour_n right_o honourable_a among_o all_o science_n that_o may_v be_v light_o obtain_v and_o among_o many_o goodly_a exercise_n and_o experience_n for_o man_n there_o be_v none_o among_o the_o rest_n more_o meet_a and_o requisite_a or_o that_o more_o do_v refresh_v the_o vital_a spirit_n of_o man_n nor_o more_o engender_v admiration_n in_o the_o effect_n of_o nature_n or_o that_o be_v cause_n of_o great_a recreation_n to_o the_o weary_a and_o traveyled_a spirit_n of_o man_n or_o more_o profitable_a to_o man_n life_n than_o be_v the_o skill_n of_o plant_v and_o graft_n the_o which_o not_o only_o we_o may_v see_v with_o our_o eye_n but_o also_o feel_v with_o our_o hand_n in_o the_o secret_a work_n of_o nature_n yea_o nothing_o more_o discover_v unto_o we_o the_o great_a &_o incomprehensible_a work_n of_o god_n that_o of_o one_o little_a pepin_n seed_n nut_n or_o small_a plant_n may_v come_v the_o selfsame_o herb_n or_o tree_n &_o to_o bring_v forth_o infinite_a of_o the_o same_o fruit_n which_o also_o do_v shine_v and_o show_v forth_o itself_o unto_o we_o especial_o in_o the_o spring_n time_n by_o their_o diversity_n of_o shoot_v blossom_n &_o bud_n in_o diverse_a kind_n of_o nature_n by_o the_o goodness_n and_o mighty_a power_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o creator_n towards_o his_o people_n in_o such_o thing_n as_o come_v forth_o of_o the_o natural_a earth_n to_o nourish_v to_o sustain_v and_o maintain_v our_o lyve_n what_o great_a pleasure_n can_v there_o be_v than_o to_o smell_v the_o sweet_a odour_n of_o herb_n tree_n and_o fruit_n and_o to_o behold_v the_o goodly_a colour_n of_o the_o same_o which_o in_o certain_a time_n of_o the_o year_n come_v forth_o of_o the_o womb_n of_o their_o mother_n and_o nurse_n and_o so_o to_o understande_v the_o secret_a operation_n in_o the_o same_o and_o to_o be_v short_a of_o this_o labour_n in_o our_o lyve_n we_o do_v take_v part_n thereof_o with_o great_a gain_n and_o revenue_n that_o come_v thereby_o where_o as_o through_o idleness_n there_o come_v none_o therefore_o to_o augment_v the_o same_o it_o shall_v be_v good_a to_o appease_v and_o mitigate_v all_o fond_a delight_n and_o vain_a pleasure_n with_o such_o like_a vanity_n and_o clean_o put_v out_o and_o abolish_v the_o delight_n of_o all_o vice_n wherefore_o the_o poet_n say_v let_v we_o praise_v the_o true_a labour_a hour_n of_o the_o true_a labourer_n thereupon_o many_o great_a lord_n and_o noble_a personage_n have_v leave_v their_o theater_n pleasant_a stage_n goodly_a pastime_n forsake_v and_o despise_v their_o pleasure_n not_o much_o regard_v rich_a diadem_n and_o costly_a perfume_n but_o have_v give_v themselves_o to_o plant_v and_o graft_n and_o such_o like_a in_o such_o sort_n that_o if_o we_o shall_v diligent_o search_v and_o recite_v all_o the_o discourse_n of_o ancient_a history_n as_o of_o late_a day_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o most_o noble_a personage_n through_o their_o virtue_n have_v show_v many_o goodly_a example_n as_o in_o one_o theatre_n a_o supreme_a degree_n honourable_a nor_o have_v have_v nothing_o more_o dear_a more_o requisite_a or_o more_o great_o in_o commendation_n than_o plant_v &_o graft_n of_o fruit_n cyrus_n a_o great_a king_n of_o the_o persian_n as_o witness_n xenophon_n do_v so_o much_o delight_n in_o the_o art_n of_o plant_v &_o graft_n which_o do_v show_v a_o great_a praise_n and_o glory_n unto_o his_o personage_n that_o he_o have_v no_o great_a desire_n or_o pleasure_n than_o when_o he_o may_v occupy_v himself_o in_o plant_v &_o graft_n to_o garnish_n the_o earth_n to_o place_n and_o order_n thereon_o certain_a number_n of_o tree_n the_o emperor_n dioclesian_n as_o do_v recite_v sextus_n aurelius_n victor_n of_o his_o own_o good_a will_n without_o any_o constraynt_n do_v leave_v the_o sceptre_n of_o his_o empire_n for_o to_o remain_v continual_o in_o the_o field_n so_o much_o pleasure_n do_v he_o take_v in_o plant_v of_o fruit_n in_o make_v of_o orchard_n &_o garden_n which_o he_o do_v make_v garnish_n and_o finish_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n the_o senator_n dictatour_n and_o consul_n of_o the_o roman_n among_o all_o other_o thing_n have_v commend_v plant_v and_o graft_n to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o flourish_a labour_n in_o this_o world_n for_o the_o common_a wealth_n the_o which_o be_v celebrate_v and_o count_v a_o great_a virtue_n yea_o they_o do_v so_o much_o esteem_v it_o that_o they_o do_v hang_v table_n thereof_o in_o diverse_a place_n never_o think_v the_o time_n more_o apt_o spend_v than_o in_o plant_v &_o graft_n nothing_o more_o content_v themselves_o nothing_o more_o delight_v in_o any_o other_o affair_n for_o the_o common_a wealth_n than_o in_o set_v sow_v or_o plant_v on_o the_o earth_n how_o much_o we_o may_v praise_v of_o late_a day_n and_o commend_v our_o traveller_n from_o other_o country_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v perceyve_v and_o know_v but_o of_o lord_n gentleman_n &_o merchant_n which_o have_v have_v as_o it_o do_v appear_v a_o great_a regard_n in_o these_o latter_a day_n how_o they_o may_v follow_v the_o example_n of_o other_o whereby_o it_o have_v replenish_v this_o our_o realm_n with_o diverse_a strange_a plant_n herb_n and_o tree_n very_o good_a and_o necessary_a for_o the_o common_a wealth_n not_o heretofore_o common_o know_v and_o behold_v above_o all_o labour_n for_o the_o common_a wealth_n we_o ought_v to_o give_v a_o sure_a and_o certain_a judgement_n that_o plant_v and_o graft_n be_v more_o high_o to_o be_v commend_v and_o praise_v than_o many_o other_o worthy_a and_o noble_a thing_n in_o this_o world_n for_o this_o art_n have_v not_o only_o from_o time_n to_o time_n be_v put_v in_o use_n and_o practice_v of_o labour_n through_o king_n and_o prince_n but_o also_o it_o have_v be_v put_v in_o write_v of_o many_o great_a and_o worthy_a personage_n in_o diverse_a kind_n of_o language_n as_o in_o greek_a by_o philometor_n hieron_n acheleus_n orpheus_n musceus_n homer_n hosiode_n constantine_n cesar_n and_o in_o latin_a by_o verron_n caton_n columella_n paladius_fw-la virgil_n amilius_n macer_n and_o in_o the_o portugal_n tongue_n by_o king_n attalus_n and_o mago_n the_o which_o recite_v the_o history_n that_o after_o their_o death_n the_o book_n of_o plant_v and_o graft_n be_v bring_v to_o rome_n soon_o after_o the_o destruction_n of_o carthage_n likewise_o how_o many_o since_o have_v write_v only_o of_o zeal_n

dung_n of_o ox_n to_o be_v next_o about_o the_o root_n and_o you_o shall_v also_o abate_v the_o moss_n of_o the_o tree_n with_o a_o great_a knife_n of_o wood_n or_o such_o like_a so_o that_o you_o hurt_v not_o the_o bark_n thereof_o when_o you_o ought_v to_o uncover_v your_o tree_n in_o summer_n in_o the_o time_n of_o summer_n when_o the_o earth_n be_v scant_o half_a moist_a it_o shall_v be_v good_a to_o dig_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o tree_n all_o about_o on_o the_o root_n such_o as_o have_v not_o be_v uncover_v in_o the_o winter_n before_o and_o to_o meddle_v it_o with_o good_a fat_a earth_n and_o so_o fill_v it_o again_o and_o they_o shall_v do_v well_o when_o you_o ought_v to_o cut_v or_o prune_n your_o tree_n and_o if_o there_o be_v in_o your_o tree_n certain_a branch_n of_o superfluous_a wood_n that_o you_o will_v cut_v of_o tarry_v until_o the_o time_n of_o the_o enter_v in_o of_o the_o sap_n that_o be_v when_o they_o begin_v to_o bud_v as_o in_o march_n and_o april_n then_o cut_v of_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v cause_n all_o such_o superfluous_a branch_n hard_o by_o the_o tree_n that_o thereby_o the_o other_o branch_n may_v prosper_v the_o better_a for_o than_o they_o shall_v soon_o close_v their_o sap_n upon_o the_o cut_a place_n than_o in_o the_o winter_n which_o shall_v not_o do_v so_o well_o to_o cut_v they_o as_z certain_z do_v teach_v which_o have_v not_o good_a experience_n but_o for_o so_o much_o as_o in_o this_o time_n the_o tree_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o sap_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a take_v heed_n therefore_o in_o cut_v then_o of_o your_o great_a branch_n hasty_o that_o through_o their_o great_a weight_n they_o do_v not_o cleave_v or_o separate_v the_o bark_n from_o the_o tree_n in_o any_o part_n thereof_o how_o to_o cut_v your_o great_a branch_n and_o when_o and_o for_o the_o better_a remedy_n first_o you_o shall_v cut_v the_o same_o great_a branch_n half_a a_o foot_n from_o the_o tree_n and_o after_o to_o see_v the_o rest_n clean_o of_o hard_a by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n then_o with_o a_o broad_a chisell_n cut_v all_o clean_a and_o smooth_a upon_o y_o e_o place_n then_o cover_v it_o with_o ox_n dung_n you_o may_v also_o cut_v they_o well_o in_o winter_n so_o that_o you_o leave_v the_o trunk_n or_o branch_n somewhat_o long_o so_o as_o you_o may_v dress_v and_o cut_v they_o again_o in_o march_n and_o april_n as_o be_v before_o mention_v ¶_o how_o you_o ought_v to_o leave_v these_o greae_n branch_n cut_v other_o thing_n here_o be_v to_o be_v show_v of_o certain_a great_a and_o old_a tree_n only_o which_o in_o cut_v the_o great_a branch_n thereof_o truncheon_n wise_a do_v renew_v again_o as_o wallnut_n mulberry_n tree_n plum_n tree_n cherry_n tree_n with_o other_o which_o you_o must_v disbraunch_n the_o bow_n thereof_o even_o after_o alhallowtide_n or_o as_o soon_o as_o their_o leaf_n be_v fall_v of_o and_o likewise_o before_o they_o begin_v to_o enter_v into_o sap_n ¶_o of_o tree_n have_v great_a branch_n the_o say_v great_a branch_n when_o you_o shall_v disbraunche_n they_o you_o shall_v so_o cut_v they_o of_o in_o such_o truncheon_n of_o length_n on_o the_o tree_n that_o the_o one_o may_v be_v long_o than_o the_o other_o that_o when_o the_o tion_n be_v grow_v good_a and_o long_a thereon_o you_o may_v graft_v on_o they_o again_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v cause_n according_a as_o every_o arm_n shall_v require_v ¶_o of_o barrenness_n of_o tree_n the_o time_n of_o cut_v ill_a branch_n and_o of_o uncover_v the_o root_n sometime_o a_o man_n have_v certain_a old_a tree_n which_o be_v almost_o spend_v as_o of_o the_o pear_n tree_n and_o plum_n tree_n and_o other_o great_a tree_n the_o which_o bear_v scant_o of_o fruit_n but_o when_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v some_o branch_n well_o charge_v therewith_o than_o you_o ought_v to_o cut_v of_o all_o the_o other_o ill_a branch_n and_o bow_n to_o the_o end_n that_o those_o that_o remain_n may_v have_v the_o more_o sap_n to_o nourish_v their_o fruit_n as_o also_o to_o uncover_v their_o root_n after_o alhallowtide_n and_o to_o cleave_v the_o most_o great_a root_n thereof_o a_o foot_n from_o the_o trunk_n and_o put_v into_o the_o say_a cleft_n a_o thin_a slate_n of_o hard_a stone_n there_o let_v it_o remain_v to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o tree_n may_v enter_v out_o thereby_o and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o winter_n you_o shall_v cover_v he_o again_o with_o as_o good_a and_o fat_a earth_n as_o you_o can_v get_v and_o let_v the_o stone_n alone_o ¶_o trees_n the_o which_o you_o must_v help_v or_o pluck_v up_o the_o root_n all_o sort_n of_o tree_n which_o spring_v tion_n from_o the_o root_n as_o plum_n tree_n all_o kind_n of_o cherry_n tree_n and_o small_a nut_n tree_n you_o must_v help_v in_o pluck_v their_o cion_n from_o the_o root_n in_o winter_n assoon_o as_o convenient_o you_o can_v after_o the_o leaf_n be_v fall_v for_o they_o do_v great_o pluck_v down_o &_o weaken_v the_o say_a tree_n in_o draw_v to_o they_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o earth_n ¶_o what_o do_v make_v a_o good_a nut_n but_o chief_o to_o plant_v these_o cion_n the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o let_v they_o grow_v and_o be_v nourish_v two_o or_o three_o year_n from_o the_o root_n and_o then_o to_o transplant_v they_o or_o set_v they_o in_o the_o winter_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a the_o cion_n which_o be_v take_v from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hazel_n tree_n make_v good_a nut_n and_o to_o be_v of_o much_o strength_n &_o virtue_n when_o they_o be_v not_o suffer_v to_o grow_v to_o long_o from_o the_o root_n or_o foot_n aforesaid_a ¶_o tree_n eat_v with_o beast_n must_v be_v graff_v again_o when_o certain_a graffe_n be_v well_o in_o sap_n of_o three_o or_o four_o year_n or_o thereabouts_o be_v break_v or_o great_o endomage_v with_o beast_n which_o have_v break_v thereof_o it_o shall_v little_o profit_v to_o leave_v those_o graffe_n so_o but_o it_o be_v better_a to_o cut_v they_o and_o to_o graft_v they_o high_o or_o low_a than_o they_o be_v before_o for_o the_o graffe_n shall_v take_v as_o well_o upon_o the_o new_a as_o old_a cion_n be_v graff_v as_o on_o the_o wild_a stock_n but_o it_o shall_v not_o so_o soon_o close_o as_o upon_o the_o wild_a stock_n head_n how_o your_o wild_a stock_n ought_v not_o hasty_o to_o be_v remove_v in_o the_o beginning_n when_o you_o have_v graff_v your_o graffe_n on_o the_o wild_a stock_n do_v not_o then_o hasty_o pluck_v up_o those_o cion_n or_o wild_a stock_n so_o graff_v until_o you_o shall_v see_v the_o graffe_n put_v forth_o a_o new_a shewte_n the_o which_o remain_v still_o you_o may_v graft_v thereon_o again_o so_o that_o your_o graffe_n in_o hasty_a remove_n may_v chance_v to_o die_v ¶_o when_o you_o cut_v of_o the_o naughty_a cion_n from_o the_o wood_n when_o your_o graffe_n on_o the_o stock_n shall_v put_v forth_o of_o new_a wood_n or_o a_o new_a shewte_n as_o of_o two_o or_o three_o foot●_n long_o and_o if_o they_o put_v forth_o also_o of_o other_o small_a superfluous_a tion_n about_o the_o say_a member_n or_o branch_n that_o you_o will_v nourish_v cut_v of_o all_o such_o ill_a tion_n hear_v by_o the_o head_n in_o the_o same_o year_n they_o be_v graff_v in_o but_o not_o so_o long_o as_o the_o wood_n be_v in_o sap_n till_o the_o winter_n after_o ¶_o how_o sometime_o to_o cut_v the_o principal_a member_n also_o it_o be_v good_a to_o cut_v some_o of_o the_o principal_a member_n or_o branch_n in_o the_o first_o year_n if_o they_o have_v to_o many_o and_o then_o again_o within_o two_o or_o three_o year_n after_o when_o they_o shall_v be_v well_o spring_v up_o &_o the_o graffe_n well_o close_v on_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stock_n you_o may_v trim_v and_o dress_v they_o again_o in_o take_v away_o the_o superfluous_a branch_n if_o any_o there_o remain_v for_o it_o be_v sufficient_a enough_o to_o nourish_v a_o young_a tree_n to_o leave_v he_o one_o principal_a member_n on_o the_o head_n so_o that_o he_o may_v be_v one_o of_o those_o that_o have_v be_v graff_v on_o the_o tree_n before_o yea_o and_o the_o tree_n shall_v be_v fair_a and_o better_a in_o the_o end_n than_o if_o he_o have_v two_o or_o three_o branch_n or_o precidens_fw-la at_o the_o foot_n but_o if_o the_o tree_n have_v be_v graff_v with_o many_o great_a tion_n they_o you_o must_v leave_v he_o more_o large_o according_a as_o you_o shall_v see_v cause_n or_o need_n to_o recover_v the_o cleft_n on_o the_o head_n of_o the_o say_a graft_n or_o stock_n ¶_o how_o too_o guide_n and_o govern_v the_o say_a tree_n when_o that_o your_o tree_n do_v begin_v to_o springe_n you_o must_v order_v &_o see_v

as_o good_a fruit_n as_o the_o tree_n they_o come_v off_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v needful_a to_o prune_n or_o cut_v of_o the_o branch_n thereof_o when_o you_o set_v they_o if_o they_o be_v not_o great_a but_o those_o that_o you_o do_v set_v let_v they_o be_v but_o of_o two_o or_o three_o year_n growth_n and_o if_o you_o shall_v see_v those_o tion_n which_o you_o have_v plant_v not_o to_o be_v fair_a and_o good_a or_o do_v grow_v and_o prosper_v not_o well_o then_o in_o the_o spring_n time_n cut_v they_o of_o hard_a by_o the_o root_n that_o other_o small_a cyon_n may_v grow_v thereof_o ¶_o to_o set_v damson_n or_o plum_n tree_n in_o set_v damson_n or_o plum_n tree_n which_o fruit_n you_o will_v have_v like_a to_o the_o tree_n they_o come_v off_o if_o the_o say_a tree_n be_v not_o graft_v before_o you_o shall_v take_v only_o the_o cyon_n that_o grow_v from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o old_a stock_n which_o grow_v with_o small_a twig_n and_o plant_v or_o set_v they_o and_o their_o fruit_n be_v like_a unto_o the_o tree_n they_o be_v take_v off_o ¶_o to_o take_v plum_n graffe_n and_o to_o graft_v they_o on_o other_o plum_n tree_n and_o if_o your_o plum_n tree_n be_v graft_v already_o and_o have_v the_o like_a fruit_n that_o you_o desire_v you_o may_v take_v your_o graffe_n thereof_o and_o graft_v they_o on_o your_o plum_n tree_n and_o the_o fruit_n that_o shall_v come_v thereof_o be_v as_o good_a as_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o tion_n which_o be_v take_v from_o the_o root_n because_o they_o be_v much_o of_o like_a effect_n ¶_o to_o set_v all_o sort_n of_o cherry_n to_o set_v all_o sort_n of_o great_a cherry_n and_o other_o you_o must_v have_v the_o graffe_n of_o the_o same_o tree_n and_o graft_v they_o on_o other_o cherrye_a tree_n although_o they_o be_v of_o a_o sour_a fruit_n and_o when_o they_o be_v so_o graft_v they_o will_v be_v as_o good_a as_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o tree_n whereof_o the_o graft_n be_v take_v for_o the_o stone_n be_v good_a but_o to_o set_v to_o make_v wild_a cyon_n or_o plant_n to_o graft_v on_o ¶_o the_o manner_n how_o one_o may_v order_v both_o plum_n tree_n and_o cherry_n tree_n for_o so_o much_o as_o these_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o tree_n that_o be_v to_o understande_v the_o cherry_n and_o the_o plum_n tree_n for_o when_o they_o be_v so_o graft_n their_o root_n be_v not_o so_o good_a nor_o so_o free_a as_o the_o branch_n above_o wherefore_o the_o tion_n that_o do_v come_v fro_o the_o root_n shall_v not_o make_v so_o good_a and_o frank_a tree_n of_o it_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v understand_v how_o the_o manner_n and_o sort_n be_v to_o make_v frank_a tree_n that_o may_v put_v forth_o good_a tion_n in_o time_n to_o come_v which_o be_v when_o they_o be_v great_a and_o good_a then_o if_o you_o will_v take_v those_o tion_n or_o young_a springe_n from_o the_o root_n you_o may_v make_v good_a tree_n thereof_o and_o then_o it_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o graft_v they_o any_o more_o after_o but_o to_o augment_v one_o by_o the_o other_o as_o you_o do_v the_o tion_n from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o nut_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a and_o you_o shall_v do_v as_o follow_v how_o to_o graft_v plum_n tree_n and_o cherry_n tree_n you_o may_v well_o graft_v plum_n tree_n &_o great_a cherry_n tree_n in_o such_o good_a order_n as_o you_o listen_v to_o have_v they_o and_o as_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v declare_v in_o the_o five_o chapter_n follow_v for_o these_o will_v be_v graff_v while_o they_o be_v young_a and_o small_a and_o also_o graft_v in_o the_o ground_n for_o thereby_o one_o may_v dress_v and_o trim_v they_o the_o better_a and_o put_v but_o one_o graft_n in_o each_o stock_n of_o the_o same_o cleave_v not_o the_o heart_n but_o a_o little_a on_o the_o one_o side_n nor_o yet_o deep_a or_o long_o open_a how_o you_o must_v prune_n or_o cut_v your_o tree_n for_o when_o your_o graffe_n be_v well_o take_v on_o the_o stock_n and_o that_o the_o graffe_n do_v put_v forth_o fair_a and_o long_o about_o one_o year_n growth_n you_o must_v prune_n or_o cut_v the_o branch_n of_o common_o in_o winter_n when_o they_o prune_n their_o vine_n a_o foot_n low_o to_o make_v they_o spread_v the_o better_a then_o shall_v you_o meddle_v all_o through_o with_o good_a fat_a earth_n the_o which_o will_v draw_v the_o better_a to_o the_o place_n which_o you_o have_v so_o proyn_v or_o cut_v the_o convenient_a way_n to_o cleanse_v and_o prune_n or_o dress_v the_o root_n of_o tree_n and_o for_o the_o better_a cleanse_n and_o proyn_v tree_n beneath_o be_v thus_o you_o shall_v take_v away_o all_o the_o weed_n and_o grass_n about_o the_o root_n then_o shall_v you_o dig_v they_o so_o round_o about_o as_o you_o will_v seem_v to_o pluck_v they_o up_o and_o shall_v make_v they_o half_o bear_v then_o shall_v you_o enlarge_v the_o earth_n about_o the_o root_n and_o where_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v they_o grow_v fair_a and_o long_o place_n or_o couch_n they_o in_o the_o say_a hole_n and_o earth_n again_o then_o shall_v you_o put_v the_o cut_v end_n of_o the_o tree_n where_o he_o be_v graft_v somewhat_o more_o low_a than_o his_o root_n be_v whereby_o his_o tion_n so_o graft_v shall_v spring_v so_o much_o the_o better_o when_o the_o stock_n be_v great_a than_o the_o graffe_n when_o as_o the_o tree_n wax_v or_o swell_v great_a beneath_o the_o graft_n than_o above_o then_o shall_v you_o cleve_v the_o root_n beneath_o and_o wreathe_v they_o round_o and_o so_o cover_v they_o again_o but_o see_v you_o break_v no_o root_n thereof_o so_o will_v he_o come_v to_o perfection_n but_o most_o man_n do_v use_v this_o way_n if_o the_o stock_n wax_v great_a than_o the_o graffe_n they_o do_v slyt_v down_o the_o bark_n of_o the_o graffe_n above_o in_o two_o or_o three_o part_n or_o as_o they_o shall_v see_v cause_n thereof_o and_o so_o likewise_o if_o the_o graffe_n wax_v great_a above_o than_o the_o stock_n you_o shall_v slitte_v down_o the_o stock_n according_o with_o the_o edge_n of_o a_o sharp_a knife_n this_o may_v well_o be_v do_v at_o any_o time_n in_o march_n april_n and_o maye_n in_o the_o cresce_fw-la of_o the_o moon_n and_o not_o light_o after_o the_o remedy_n when_o any_o bough_n or_o member_n of_o a_o tree_n be_v break_v if_o you_o shall_v chance_v to_o have_v bough_n or_o member_n of_o tree_n break_v the_o best_a remedy_n shall_v be_v to_o place_v those_o bow_n or_o member_n right_o soon_o again_o than_o shall_v you_o comfort_v the_o root_n with_o good_a new_a earth_n and_o bound_v fast_o those_o break_a bow_n or_o member_n both_o above_o and_o beneath_o &_o so_o let_v they_o remain_v unto_o another_o year_n till_o they_o may_v close_v and_o put_v forth_o of_o new_a tion_n ¶_o when_o a_o member_n or_o bough_n be_v not_o break_v how_o ro_o prune_n they_o where_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v under_o or_o above_o superfluous_a bow_n you_o may_v cut_v or_o prune_n off_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v cause_n all_o such_o bow_n hard_a by_o the_o tree_n at_o a_o due_a time_n in_o the_o winter_n follow_v but_o leave_v all_o y_fw-es e_fw-it principal_a branch_n and_o whereas_o any_o be_v break_v let_v they_o be_v cut_v off_o beneath_o or_o else_o by_o the_o ground_n and_o cast_v they_o away_o thus_o must_v you_o do_v yearly_a or_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v cause_n if_o you_o will_v keep_v your_o tree_n well_o and_o fair_a how_o one_o ought_v to_o enlarge_v the_o hole_n about_o the_o tree_n root_n in_o proyn_v your_o tree_n if_o there_o be_v many_o root_n you_o must_v enlarge_v they_o in_o the_o hole_n and_o so_o to_o wreathe_v they_o as_o be_v aforesaid_a and_o to_o use_v they_o without_o break_v then_o cover_v they_o again_o with_o good_a fat_a earth_n which_o you_o shall_v mingle_v in_o the_o say_a hole_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v best_a to_o be_v dig_v all_o over_o a_o little_a before_o and_o see_v that_o no_o branch_n or_o root_n be_v leave_v uncover_v and_o when_o you_o have_v thus_o dress_v your_o tree_n if_o any_o root_n shall_v put_v forth_o or_o spring_v hereafter_o out_o of_o the_o say_a hole_n in_o grow_v you_o may_v so_o proine_n they_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v cause_n in_o let_v they_o so_o remain_v two_o or_o three_o year_n after_o unto_o such_o time_n as_o the_o say_a graffe_n be_v spring_v up_o and_o well_o branch_v how_o to_o set_v small_a staff_n by_o to_o strengthen_v your_o cyon_n to_o avoid_v danger_n you_o shall_v set_v or_o prick_v small_a staff_n about_o your_o tion_n for_o fear_n of_o break_v and_o then_o after_o three_o or_o four_o year_n when_o they_o be_v 〈◊〉_d craunch_v you_o may_v then_o set_v or_o plant_v they_o in_o good_a earth_n

at_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n but_o see_v that_o you_o cut_v of_o all_o their_o small_a branch_n hard_o by_o the_o stock_n than_o you_o may_v plant_v they_o where_o you_o think_v good_a so_o as_o they_o may_v remain_v in_o take_v up_o tree_n note_n you_o may_v well_o leave_v the_o master_n root_n in_o the_o hole_n when_o you_o dig_v he_o up_o if_o the_o remoove_v place_n be_v good_a for_o he_o cut_v of_o the_o master_n root_n by_o the_o stubbe_n but_o pare_v not_o of_o all_o the_o small_a root_n and_o so_o plant_v he_o and_o he_o shall_v profit_n more_o thus_o than_o other_o with_o all_o their_o master_n root_n when_o as_o tree_n be_v great_a they_o must_v be_v disbranch_a or_o bow_n cut_v of_o before_o they_o be_v set_v again_o or_o else_o they_o will_v hardly_o prosper_v if_o the_o tree_n be_v great_a have_v great_a branch_n or_o bow_n when_o you_o shall_v dig_v they_o up_o you_o must_v disbranch_v they_o afore_o you_o set_v they_o again_o for_o when_o tree_n be_v thus_o proin_v they_o shall_v bring_v great_a cyon_n from_o their_o root_n which_o shall_v be_v frank_a and_o good_a to_o replant_v or_o set_v in_o other_o place_n and_o shall_v have_v also_o good_a branch_n and_o root_n so_o that_o after_o it_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o graft_v they_o any_o more_o but_o shall_v continue_v one_o after_o another_o to_o be_v free_a and_o good_a ¶_o how_o too_o couch_n the_o root_n when_o they_o be_v proyn_v in_o set_v your_o tree_n again_o if_o you_o will_v dress_v the_o root_n of_o such_o as_o you_o have_v proyn_v or_o cut_v of_o the_o branch_n before_o you_o shall_v leave_v all_o such_o small_a root_n which_o grow_v on_o the_o great_a root_n and_o you_o shall_v so_o place_v those_o root_n in_o replant_n again_o not_o deep_a in_o the_o earth_n so_o that_o they_o may_v soon_o grow_v and_o put_v forth_o tion_n which_o be_v well_o use_v you_o may_v have_v fruit_n so_o good_a as_o the_o other_o afore_o mention_v be_v of_o three_o or_o four_o year_n growth_n as_o afore_o be_v declare_v ¶_o what_o tree_n to_o prune_n this_o way_n of_o proyn_v be_v more_o hard_a for_o the_o great_a cherry_n call_v healmier_n than_o for_o the_o plum_n tree_n also_o it_o be_v very_o requisite_a and_o meet_a for_o those_o cyon_n or_o tree_n which_o be_v graft_v on_o the_o wild_a sour_a cherry_n tree_n to_o be_v proyn_v also_o for_o diverse_a and_o sundry_a cause_n ¶_o why_o the_o sour_a cherry_n dure_v not_o so_o long_o as_o the_o healmier_n or_o great_a cherry_n the_o wild_a and_o sour_a cherry_n of_o his_o own_o nature_n will_v not_o so_o long_a time_n endure_v as_o the_o great_a helm_n cherry_n neither_o can_v have_v sufficient_a sap_n to_o nourish_v the_o graffe_n as_o the_o great_a helm_n cherry_n which_o be_v graft_v therefore_o when_o you_o have_v proyn_v the_o branch_n beneath_o and_o the_o root_n also_o so_o that_o you_o leave_v root_n sufficient_a to_o nourish_v the_o tree_n than_o set_v he_o if_o you_o cut_v not_o of_o the_o under_o root_n the_o tree_n will_v profit_v more_o easy_a and_o also_o light_a to_o be_v know_v when_o they_o put_v forth_o cyon_n from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o same_o the_o which_o you_o may_v take_v hereafter_o to_o graft_v one_o great_a cherry_fw-fr upon_o another_o you_o must_v have_v respect_n unto_o the_o helm_n cherry_n which_o be_v gratf_n on_o the_o wild_a goynire_n which_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o grate_n cherry_n &_o whether_o you_o do_v prune_n they_o or_o not_o it_o be_v not_o material_a for_o they_o dure_v a_o long_a time_n but_o you_o must_v see_v to_o take_v away_o the_o tion_n that_o do_v grow_v from_o the_o root_n of_o the_o wild_a goynire_n or_o wild_a plum_n tree_n because_o they_o be_v of_o nature_n wild_a and_o do_v draw_v the_o sap_n from_o the_o say_a tree_n ¶_o of_o deep_a set_n or_o shallow_a to_o set_v your_o stock_n or_o tree_n somewhat_o deep_a on_o the_o high_a ground_n than_o in_o the_o valley_n because_o the_o sun_n in_o summer_n shall_v not_o dry_v the_o root_n and_o in_o the_o low_a ground_n more_o shallow_a because_o the_o water_n in_o winter_n shall_v not_o drown_v or_o annoy_v the_o root_n some_o do_v mark_v the_o stock_n in_o take_v it_o up_o and_o so_o to_o set_v he_o again_o the_o same_o way_n because_o he_o will_v not_o alter_v his_o nature_n so_o likewise_o the_o graffe_n in_o graft_n the_o four_o chapter_n do_v show_v how_o to_o set_v other_o tree_n which_o come_v of_o wild_a cyon_n prick_v in_o the_o earth_n without_o root_n and_o also_o of_o proyn_v the_o mean_a cyon_n tree_n take_v root_n prick_v of_o branch_n there_o be_v certain_a which_o take_v root_n be_v prick_v of_o branch_n proyn_v of_o other_o tree_n which_o be_v the_o mulberry_n the_o fig_n tree_n the_o quince_n tree_n the_o service_n tree_n the_o pomegranade_n tree_n the_o apple_n tree_n the_o damson_n tree_n and_o diverse_a sort_n of_o other_o plum_n tree_n as_o the_o plum_n tree_n of_o paradise_n etc._n etc._n ¶_o how_o one_o ought_v to_o set_v they_o for_o to_o set_v these_o sort_n of_o tree_n you_o must_v cut_v off_o the_o tion_n twig_n or_o bough_n betwixt_o alhallowtide_n and_o christmas_n not_o light_o after_o you_o shall_v choose_v they_o which_o be_v as_o great_a as_o a_o little_a staff_n or_o more_o and_o look_v whereas_o you_o can_v find_v they_o fair_a smooth_a and_o straight_o and_o full_a of_o sap_n withal_o grow_v of_o young_a tree_n as_o of_o the_o age_n of_o three_o or_o four_o year_n growth_n or_o there_o abouts_o and_o look_v that_o you_o take_v they_o so_o from_o the_o tree_n with_o a_o broad_a chysell_n that_o you_o break_v not_o or_o lose_v any_o part_n of_o the_o bark_n thereof_o more_o than_o half_a a_o foot_n beneath_o neither_o of_o one_o side_n or_o other_o then_o prune_n or_o cut_v of_o the_o branch_n and_o prick_v they_o one_o foot_n deep_a in_o the_o earth_n well_o dig_v and_o order_v before_o how_o to_o bind_v they_o that_o be_v weak_a those_o plant_n which_o be_v slender_a you_o must_v prune_n or_o cut_v of_o the_o branch_n then_o bind_v they_o to_o some_o stake_n or_o such_o like_a to_o be_v set_v in_o good_a earth_n and_o well_o meddle_v with_o good_a dung_n and_o also_o to_o be_v well_o and_o deep_o dig_v and_o to_o be_v set_v in_o a_o moist_a place_n or_o else_o to_o be_v well_o water_v in_o summer_n how_o one_o ought_v to_o dig_v the_o earth_n for_o to_o set_v they_o in_o and_o when_o that_o yet_o will_v set_v they_o in_o the_o earth_n you_o must_v first_o prepare_v to_o dig_v it_o and_o dung_n it_o well_o through_o out_o a_o large_a foot_n deep_a in_o the_o earth_n and_o when_o as_o you_o will_v set_v they_o every_o one_o in_o his_o place_n make_v before_o with_o a_o crow_n of_o iron_n and_o for_o to_o make_v they_o take_v root_n the_o better_a you_o shall_v put_v with_o your_o plant_n of_o water_a oat_n or_o bare_o and_o so_o you_o shall_v let_v they_o grow_v the_o space_n of_o three_o or_o four_o year_n or_o when_o they_o shall_v be_v well_o branch_v than_o you_o may_v remove_v they_o and_o if_o you_o break_v of_o the_o old_a stubby_a root_n and_o set_v they_o low_o they_o will_v last_v a_o long_a time_n the_o more_o if_o some_o of_o those_o plant_n do_v chance_n to_o put_v forth_o tion_n from_o the_o root_n and_o be_v so_o root_v you_o must_v pluck_v they_o up_o though_o they_o be_v tender_a and_o set_v they_o in_o other_o place_n of_o cion_n without_o root_n if_o that_o the_o say_v plant_n have_v of_o cyon_n without_o root_n but_o which_o come_v from_o the_o tree_n root_v beneath_o then_o cut_v they_o not_o off_o till_o they_o be_v of_o two_o or_o three_o year_n growth_n by_o that_o time_n they_o will_v gather_v of_o root_n to_o be_v replant_v in_o other_o place_n to_o plant_v the_o fig_n tree_n the_o say_a plant_n take_v of_o fig_n tree_n graff_v be_v the_o best_a you_o may_v likewise_o take_v other_o sort_n of_o fig_n tree_n and_o graft_v one_o upon_o the_o other_o for_o like_a as_o upon_o the_o wild_a tree_n do_v come_v the_o pippin_n even_o so_o the_o fig_n but_o not_o so_o soon_o to_o prosper_v and_o grow_v how_o to_o set_v quince_n likewise_o the_o nature_n of_o quince_n be_v to_o spring_v if_o they_o be_v prick_v as_o aforesaid_a in_o the_o earth_n but_o sometime_o i_o have_v graff_v with_o great_a difficulty_n say_v my_o author_n upon_o a_o white_a throne_n and_o it_o have_v take_v and_o bear_v fruit_n to_o look_v on_o fair_a but_o in_o taste_n more_o weak_a than_o the_o other_o the_o way_n to_o set_v mulberry_n there_o be_v also_o another_o way_n to_o set_v mulberry_n as_o follow_v which_o be_v if_o you_o do_v cut_v in_o winter_n

joint_n together_o and_o when_o you_o shall_v plant_v or_o set_v they_o look_v that_o your_o ground_n be_v well_o dig_v in_o the_o winter_n before_o then_o in_o january_n you_o may_v both_o cut_v and_o plant_v but_o cut_v not_o in_o the_o frost_n for_o that_o be_v danger_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o tree_n or_o you_o may_v plant_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o february_n and_o when_o you_o do_v plant_v you_o shall_v take_v two_o of_o those_o plant_n &_o set_v or_o lay_v they_o together_o a_o foot_n deep_a in_o the_o earth_n for_o two_o plant_n set_v together_o will_v not_o so_o soon_o fail_v as_o one_o alone_a and_o lay_v they_o a_o foot_n long_o wise_a in_o the_o earth_n so_o that_o there_o may_v be_v above_o the_o earth_n three_o or_o four_o jointe_n you_o may_v plant_v a_o young_a tion_n with_o the_o old_a so_o that_o he_o be_v thick_a or_o nigh_o joint_v for_o than_o he_o be_v the_o better_a to_o root_v &_o also_o to_o bring_v fruit_n then_o when_o you_o have_v set_v or_o lay_v they_o in_o the_o earth_n then_o cover_v they_o well_o therewith_o in_o tread_v it_o fast_o down_o unto_o the_o plant_n but_o let_v the_o end_n of_o your_o tion_n or_o plant_n be_v turn_v upright_o above_o the_o earth_n three_o or_o four_o jointe_n if_o there_o shall_v be_v more_o when_o they_o be_v set_v you_o shall_v cut_v they_o of_o and_o you_o shall_v cut_v they_o always_o in_o the_o mid_n between_o the_o two_o jointe_n and_o then_o let_v they_o so_o grow_v and_o see_v that_o you_o weed_n they_o always_o clean_o and_o once_o a_o month_n loose_v the_o earth_n round_o about_o they_o and_o they_o shall_v prove_v the_o better_a if_o it_o be_v very_o dry_a and_o hot_a in_o the_o summer_n after_o you_o may_v water_v they_o in_o make_v a_o hole_n with_o a_o crow_n of_o iron_n to_o the_o root_n &_o there_o you_o shall_v pour_v in_o water_n in_o the_o evening_n as_o for_o the_o proyn_v of_o they_o be_v when_o the_o grape_n be_v take_v and_o cluster_v than_o you_o may_v break_v the_o next_o joint_n or_o two_o after_o the_o grape_n of_o all_o such_o superfluous_a tion_n as_o you_o shall_v see_v cause_n which_o will_v cause_v the_o grape_n to_o wax_v big_a you_o may_v also_o break_v away_o all_o such_o superfluous_a bud_n or_o slender_a branch_n which_o come_v about_o the_o root_n or_o on_o the_o under_o branch_n which_o you_o think_v will_v have_v no_o grape_n and_o when_o you_o prune_n or_o cut_v they_o in_o winter_n follow_v you_o shall_v not_o cut_v the_o young_a tion_n nigh_o the_o old_a by_o three_o or_o four_o joint_n you_o shall_v not_o cut_v they_o like_o oziar_n to_o leave_v a_o sort_n of_o head_n together_o on_o one_o branch_n which_o do_v kill_v your_o vine_n you_o shall_v leave_v but_o one_o head_n or_o two_o at_o the_o most_o of_o the_o young_a tion_n upon_o the_o old_a branch_n and_o to_o cut_v those_o young_a tion_n three_o or_o four_o knot_n or_o joint_n of_o for_o the_o young_a tion_n do_v carry_v the_o grape_n always_o and_o when_o you_o leave_v upon_o a_o great_a branch_n many_o tion_n they_o can_v not_o be_v well_o nourish_v &_o after_o you_o have_v so_o cut_v they_o in_o winter_n you_o shall_v bind_v they_o with_o cziar_n in_o place_v those_o young_a branch_n as_o you_o shall_v see_v cause_n and_o in_o the_o spring_n time_n when_o the_o branch_n be_v tender_a you_o shall_v bind_v they_o so_o that_o the_o stormy_a tempest_n or_o wind_n do_v not_o hurt_v they_o and_o to_o bind_v they_o withal_o the_o best_a be_v great_a soft_a rush_n and_o when_o the_o grape_n be_v cluster_v than_o you_o may_v break_v of_o all_o such_o branch_n as_o be_v afore_o declare_v upon_o one_o old_a branch_n three_o or_o four_o head_n be_v enough_o for_o the_o more_o head_n your_o branch_n have_v the_o worse_a your_o grape_n be_v nourish_v &_o when_o you_o cut_v of_o any_o branch_n cut_v he_o of_o hard_a by_o or_o nigh_o the_o old_a branch_n if_o your_o vine_n wear_v old_a the_o best_a remedy_n be_v if_o there_o grow_v any_o young_a tion_n about_o the_o r●…te_n you_o shall_v in_o the_o winter_n cut_v of_o the_o old_a vine_n hard_o by_o the_o ground_n or_o as_o nigh_o as_o you_o can_v and_z lot_z the_o young_a vine_n lead_v and_o he_o will_v continue_v a_o long_a time_n if_o you_o cover_v and_o fill_v the_o place_n about_o the_o root_n with_o good_a earth_n again_o there_o be_v also_o upon_o or_o by_o every_o cluster_n of_o grape_n a_o small_a tion_n like_o a_o pig_n tail_n turn_v about_o which_o do_v take_v away_o the_o sap_n from_o the_o grape_n if_o you_o pinch_n it_o of_o hard_a by_o the_o stalk_n of_o your_o grape_n your_o fruit_n be_v the_o great_a if_o your_o vine_n wax_n to_o rank_n and_o thick_a of_o branch_n you_o shall_v dig_v the_o root_n in_o winter_n and_o open_v the_o earth_n and_o fill_v it_o up_o again_o with_o sand_n and_o ash_n blend_v together_o &_o where_o as_o a_o vine_n be_v unfruitful_a and_o do_v not_o bear_v you_o shall_v bore_v a_o hole_n with_o a_o anger_n unto_o the_o hart_n or_o pith_n in_o the_o body_n or_o thick_a part_n thereof_o then_o put_v in_o the_o say_a hole_n a_o small_a stone_n but_o fill_v not_o the_o hole_n close_o therewith_o but_o so_o that_o the_o sickness_n of_o the_o vine_n may_v pass_v thereby_o then_o lay_v all_o about_o the_o root_n of_o good_a earth_n mingle_v with_o good_a dung_n and_o so_o shall_v he_o not_o be_v unfruitful_a but_o bear_v well_o ever_o after_o or_o also_o to_o cast_v of_o old_a man_n urine_n or_o piss_v all_o about_o the_o root_n of_o the_o barren_a vine_n and_o if_o he_o be_v half_a les●_n or_o mar_v he_o shall_v grow_v again_o &_o wax_v fruitful_a as_o before_o this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o winter_n to_o have_v grape_n without_o stone_n for_o to_o have_v grape_n without_o stone_n you_o shall_v take_v young_a plant_n or_o branch_n and_o shall_v set_v or_o plant_v the_o top_n or_o small_a end_n downward_o in_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o you_o may_v set_v two_o of_o they_o together_o for_o fail_v as_o i_o have_v afore_o declare_v of_o the_o other_o and_o those_o branch_n shall_v bring_v grape_n without_o stone_n to_o make_v your_o vine_n to_o bring_v a_o grape_n to_o taste_v like_o claret_n to_o make_v your_o vine_n to_o have_v a_o grape_n to_o taste_v like_o claret_n wine_n and_o pleasant_a withal_o you_o shall_v bore_v a_o hole_n in_o the_o stock_n unto_o the_o heart_n or_o pith_n thereof_o then_o shall_v you_o make_v a_o lectuary_n with_o the_o powder_n of_o clove_n of_o cinnamon_n mingle_v with_o a_o little_a fountain_n or_o run_a water_n and_o fill_v the_o say_a hole_n therewith_o and_o stop_v it_o fast_o and_o close_o with_o wax_n and_o so_o bind_v if_o fast_o thereon_o with_o a_o linen_n cloth_n &_o those_o grape_n shall_v taste_v like_o claret_n wine_n of_o gather_v your_o grape_n all_o grape_n that_o man_n do_v cut_v before_o they_o be_v through_o ripe_a the_o wine_n shall_v not_o be_v natural_a nor_o yet_o shall_v long_o endure_v good_a but_o if_o you_o will_v cut_v or_o gather_v grape_n to_o have_v they_o good_a and_o to_o have_v good_a wine_n thereof_o you_o shall_v cut_v they_o in_o the_o full_a or_o soon_o after_o the_o full_a of_o the_o moon_n when_o she_o be_v in_o cancer_n in_o leo_n in_o scorpio_n and_o in_o aquarius_n the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o wain_n and_o under_o the_o earth_n to_o know_v if_o your_o grape_n be_v ripe_a enough_o for_o to_o know_v if_o your_o grape_n be_v ripe_a enough_o or_o not_o which_o you_o shall_v not_o only_o know_v in_o the_o taste_n but_o in_o sight_n and_o taste_v together_o as_o in_o taste_n if_o they_o be_v sweet_a and_o full_a in_o eat_v and_o in_o sight_n if_o the_o stone_n will_v soon_o fall_v out_o be_v chafe_v or_o bruise_v which_o be_v the_o best_a knowledge_n and_o also_o whether_o they_o be_v white_a or_o blue_a it_o be_v all_o one_o matter_n the_o good_a grape_n be_v he_o which_o come_v out_o all_o watery_a or_o those_o which_o be_v all_o clammy_a as_o byrdlyme_n by_o these_o sign_n shall_v you_o know_v when_o to_o cut_v be_v through_o ripe_a or_o not_o and_o whereas_o you_o do_v press_v your_o wine_n you_o must_v make_v your_o place_n sweet_a and_o clean_a &_o your_o vessel_n within_o to_o be_v clean_o also_o and_o see_v that_o they_o have_v strong_a head_n and_o those_o person_n which_o do_v press_v the_o grape_n must_v look_v their_o hand_n foot_n and_o body_n be_v clean_o wash_v when_o as_o they_o go_v to_o press_v the_o grape_n &_o that_o no_o woman_n be_v there_o have_v there_o term_n and_o also_o you_o shall_v eat_v of_o no_o chebole_n scallion_n onion_n or_o garlic_n annyséedes_o or_o such_o like_a

for_o all_o strong_a savour_v your_o wine_n will_v draw_v the_o infection_n thereof_o and_o assoon_o as_o your_o grape_n be_v cut_v and_o gather_v you_o shall_v press_v your_o wine_n after_o assoon_o as_o you_o may_v which_o will_v make_v your_o wine_n to_o be_v more_o pleasant_a and_o strong_a for_o the_o grape_n which_o tarry_v long_o unpre_v make_v the_o wine_n to_o be_v small_a and_o ill_a you_o must_v see_v that_o your_o vessel_n be_v new_a fair_a and_o sweet_a within_o and_o to_o be_v wash_v with_o sweet_a water_n and_o then_o well_o dry_v again_o and_o to_o perfume_v they_o with_o mastic_n and_o such_o sweet_a vapour_n &_o if_o your_o vessel_n chance_v not_o to_o be_v sweet_a then_o shall_v you_o pitch_v he_o on_o the_o side_n which_o pitch_n will_v take_v away_o all_o evil_a and_o such_o stink_a savour_n therein_o to_o prove_v or_o taste_v wine_n and_o when_o soever_o you_o will_v prove_v or_o taste_v any_o wine_n the_o best_a time_n be_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o take_v with_o you_o three_o or_o four_o sop_n of_o bread_n then_o dip_v one_o after_o another_o into_o the_o wine_n for_o therein_o you_o shall_v find_v if_o there_o be_v any_o sharp_a taste_n of_o the_o wine_n thus_o i_o leave_v at_o this_o present_a to_o speak_v any_o further_a here_o of_o the_o vine_n and_o grape_n if_o this_o my_o simple_a labour_n be_v take_v in_o good_a part_n gentle_a reader_n it_o shall_v the_o more_o hereafter_o encourage_v i_o to_o set_v forth_o another_o book_n more_o at_o large_a touch_v the_o art_n of_o plant_v and_o graft_n with_o other_o thing_n necessary_a to_o be_v know_v here_o follow_v the_o best_a time_n how_o to_o order_v or_o choose_v and_o to_o set_v or_o plant_v hop_n in_o this_o figure_n you_o shall_v understand_v the_o place_n and_o make_v of_o the_o hoppe_n hill_n by_o every_o cipher_n over_o his_o head_n the_o first_o place_n be_v show_v but_o one_o pole_n set_v in_o the_o mid_n and_o the_o hoppe_n beneath_o the_o second_o show_v how_o some_o do_v chap_n down_o a_o spade_n in_o the_o mid_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o therein_o lay_v his_o hoppe_n root_n the_o third_o place_n be_v show_v how_o other_o some_o do_v set_v out_o one_o pole_n in_o the_o mid_n and_o the_o hoppe_n root_n at_o hole_n put_v in_o round_o about_o the_o four_o place_n show_v how_o some_o chop_n in_o a_o spade_n cross_v in_o the_o top_n and_o there_o lay_v in_o his_o root_n the_o five_o place_n show_v how_o some_o do_v set_v four_o pole_n therein_o and_o put_v the_o hoppe_n round_o about_o the_o hill_n the_o sixth_o place_n show_v that_o some_o use_n to_o make_v cross_a hole_n in_o the_o side_n and_o there_o lay_v in_o the_o hoppe_n root_n thus_o many_o practice_n have_v be_v prove_v good_a provide_v always_o that_o your_o hill_n be_v of_o good_a fat_a earth_n special_o in_o the_o mid_n down_o unto_o the_o bottom_n this_o i_o think_v sufficient_a to_o show_v by_o this_o figure_n the_o diversity_n in_o set_v whereof_o the_o lay_n of_o the_o hoppe_n be_v count_v the_o sure_a way_n the_o best_a and_o common_a set_a time_n of_o hop_n be_v from_o mid_a november_n to_o mid_a february_n then_o must_v you_o dig_v and_o cleanse_v the_o ground_n of_o weed_n and_o mix_v it_o well_o with_o good_a mould_n and_o fat_a earth_n then_o divide_v your_o hill_n a_o yard_n one_o from_o another_o orderly_a in_o make_v they_o a_o yard_n asunder_o and_o two_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a broad_a in_o the_o bottom_n and_o when_o that_o you_o plant_v they_o you_o shall_v lay_v in_o every_o hill_n three_o or_o four_o root_n some_o do_v in_o set_v of_o they_o lay_v they_o crossewyse_o in_o the_o mid_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o so_o cover_v they_o again_o some_o set_v the_o root_n in_o four_o part_n of_o the_o hill_n othersome_a do_v make_v hole_n round_o about_o the_o hill_n and_o put_v of_o the_o root_n therein_o and_o so_o cover_v they_o again_o light_a with_o earth_n of_o one_o short_a root_n in_o a_o year_n you_o may_v have_v many_o plant_n to_o set_v and_o lay_v as_o you_o shall_v see_v it_o good_a and_o it_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a for_o every_o plant_n to_o have_v two_o knot_n within_o the_o ground_n and_o one_o without_o some_o do_v chap_n a_o spade_n cross_v in_o the_o hill_n and_o lay_v in_o cross_a the_o hoppe_n and_o so_o cover_v it_o to_o choose_v your_o hoppe_n you_o shall_v choose_v your_o root_n best_a for_o your_o hop_v in_o the_o summer_n before_o you_o shall_v plant_v they_o for_o than_o you_o shall_v see_v which_o bear_v the_o hop_v for_o some_o there_o be_v that_o bring_v none_o but_o that_o which_o bear_v choose_v for_o your_o plant_n and_o set_v of_o those_o in_o your_o hill_n for_o so_o shall_v you_o not_o be_v deceyve_v and_o they_o shall_v prosper_v well_o to_o sow_v the_o seed_n some_o do_v hold_v that_o you_o may_v sow_v among_o other_o seed_n the_o seed_n of_o hop_n and_o so_o will_v increase_v and_o be_v good_a to_o set_v or_o else_o to_o make_v bed_n and_o sow_v they_o alone_o whereby_o they_o may_v increase_v to_o be_v set_v and_o when_o they_o be_v strong_a you_o may_v remove_v and_o set_v they_o in_o your_o hill_n and_o plant_v they_o as_o the_o other_o before_o mention_v ¶_o the_o set_v your_o pole_n the_o best_a time_n be_v in_o april_n or_o when_o your_o root_n be_v spring_v half_o a_o yard_n long_o or_o more_o then_o by_o every_o plant_n or_o hop_v in_o your_o hill_n you_o shall_v set_v up_o a_o pole_n of_o xiij_o or_o xiiij_o foot_n long_o or_o there_o abouts_o as_o cause_n shall_v require_v some_o do_v use_v to_o set_v but_o four_o pole_n in_o every_o hill_n which_o be_v think_v sufficient_a and_o when_o you_o shall_v set_v they_o see_v that_o you_o set_v they_o so_o fast_o that_o great_a wind_n do_v not_o cast_v they_o down_o ¶_o how_o too_o prune_n the_o tree_n you_o shall_v mark_v when_o the_o hoppe_n do_v blossom_n and_o knit_v in_o the_o top_n which_o shall_v be_v perceyve_v to_o be_v the_o hop_v then_o take_v and_o cut_v up_o all_o the_o rest_n grow_v there_o abouts_o not_o have_v hop_v thereon_o hard_a by_o the_o earth_n that_o all_o those_o which_o carry_v the_o hop_v may_v be_v the_o better_o nourish_v thus_o shall_v you_o do_v in_o summer_n as_o you_o shall_v see_v they_o increase_v and_o grow_v until_o the_o time_n of_o gather_v ¶_o to_o gather_v the_o hop_v at_o such_o time_n afore_o michaelmas_n as_o you_o shall_v see_v your_o hop_v wax_v brown_a or_o somewhat_o yellow_a than_o he_o be_v best_o to_o be_v gather_v in_o a_o dry_a day_n in_o cut_v your_o hop_v by_o the_o ground_n then_o pluck_v up_o your_o pole_n therewith_o for_o shake_v of_o your_o hop_v so_o carry_v they_o into_o some_o dry_a house_n and_o when_o you_o have_v so_o pluck_v they_o you_o shall_v lay_v they_o on_o board_v loft_v or_o on_o hurdel_n of_o clothes_n that_o the_o wind_n may_v dry_v they_o and_o the_o air_n but_o not_o in_o the_o sun_n for_o the_o same_o will_v take_v away_o the_o strength_n thereof_o nor_o with_o fire_n for_o that_o will_v do_v likewise_o and_o you_o shall_v daily_o toss_v and_o turn_v they_o till_o they_o be_v dry_a to_o try_v they_o when_o they_o be_v dry_a hold_v they_o in_o your_o hand_n a_o space_n &_o if_o they_o cleave_v together_o when_o you_o open_v your_o hand_n they_o be_v not_o then_o dry_a but_o if_o they_o shatter_v a_o sunder_o in_o open_v your_o hand_n than_o you_o may_v be_v sure_o they_o be_v dry_a enough_o if_o not_o let_v they_o remain_v and_o use_v you_o they_o as_o be_v before_o say_v you_o shall_v understand_v the_o dryness_n of_o they_o be_v to_o preserve_v they_o and_o long_o to_o last_v but_o if_o need_n be_v you_o may_v occupy_v they_o well_o undried_a with_o less_o portion_n to_o sow_v ¶_o what_o pole_n be_v best_a you_o shall_v prepare_v your_o pole_n of_o such_o wood_n as_o be_v light_n and_o styffe_n and_o which_o will_v not_o bow_v with_o every_o wind_n the_o best_a and_o meet_a time_n to_o get_v they_o be_v in_o winter_n when_o the_o sap_n be_v go_v down_o and_o as_o soon_o as_o you_o have_v take_v of_o your_o hop_v lay_v your_o pole_n in_o sundry_a place_n until_o the_o next_o spring_n whereby_o they_o may_v endure_v the_o long_o ¶_o how_o too_o order_n and_o dress_v your_o hill_n after_o the_o first_o year_n be_v past_a your_o hop_v be_v increase_v to_o more_o plenty_n of_o root_n in_o your_o hill_n you_o shall_v after_o michelmasse_n every_o year_n open_v your_o hill_n and_o cast_v down_o the_o top_n unto_o the_o root_n uncover_v they_o and_o cut_v away_o all_o the_o superfluous_a root_n some_o do_v pluck_v away_o all_o the_o root_n that_o spread_v abroad_o