Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	great_a	king_n	year_n	3,635	5	4.7641	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A51176	A new history of China containing a description of the most considerable particulars of that vast empire / written by Gabriel Magaillans, of the Society of Jesus ... ; done out of French.; Doze excelências da China. English	Magalhães, Gabriel de, 1609-1677.	1688 (1688)	Wing M247; ESTC R12530	193,751	341

house_n they_o may_v spend_v the_o more_o time_n in_o the_o dispatch_n of_o business_n the_o hall_n be_v for_o the_o pronotary_n and_o clerk_n and_o other_o inferior_a officer_n the_o two_o other_o division_n of_o room_n and_o court_n one_o within_o another_o belong_v to_o the_o inferior_a tribunal_n which_o be_v subordinate_a to_o the_o supreme_a tribunal_n for_o which_o the_o palace_n be_v design_v these_o petty_a tribunal_n be_v more_o or_o less_o numerous_a according_a to_o the_o business_n that_o come_v under_o their_o cognisance_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o due_a time_n the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v in_o these_o six_o tribunal_n be_v this_o when_o a_o man_n have_v any_o business_n he_o set_v it_o down_o in_o a_o paper_n of_o such_o a_o form_n and_o largeness_n as_o the_o custom_n allow_v then_o he_o go_v to_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o tribunal_n and_o beat_v upon_o a_o drum_n which_o he_o find_v at_o the_o second_o gate_n and_o then_o fall_v upon_o his_o knee_n he_o raise_v his_o petition_n with_o both_o his_o hand_n as_o high_a as_o his_o head_n at_o what_o time_n the_o officer_n appoint_v for_o that_o employment_n take_v his_o paper_n from_o he_o he_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o mandarin_n of_o the_o great_a hall_n who_o give_v it_o to_o the_o first_o precedent_n or_o in_o his_o absence_n to_o his_o assessor_n who_o have_v read_v it_o either_o admit_v or_o reject_v it_o if_o they_o do_v not_o add_v mit_fw-fr it_o they_o send_v the_o petitioner_n his_o paper_n again_o and_o many_o time_n order_v he_o to_o be_v sound_o whip_v for_o trouble_v the_o court_n with_o a_o causeless_a suit_n or_o for_o any_o other_o sufficient_a reason_n of_o their_o dislike_n if_o the_o paper_n be_v admit_v the_o first_o precedent_n send_v it_o to_o the_o inferior_a tribunal_n to_o who_o this_o sort_n of_o business_n belong_v to_o examine_v the_o cause_n and_o give_v their_o opinion_n after_o this_o tribunal_n have_v examine_v the_o matter_n and_o give_v their_o judgement_n they_o send_v it_o back_o to_o the_o chief_a precedent_n who_o then_o give_v sentence_n either_o add_v moderate_v or_o confirm_v without_o any_o alteration_n the_o sentence_n of_o the_o low_a court._n if_o the_o business_n be_v of_o great_a concernment_n he_o order_v the_o same_o tribunal_n to_o draw_v up_o the_o case_n in_o writing_n which_o have_v read_v together_o with_o his_o assessor_n he_o send_v it_o to_o the_o mandarin_n controler_n and_o he_o to_o the_o supreme_a tribunal_n of_o the_o counsellor_n of_o state_n that_o be_v lodge_v in_o the_o king_n palace_n this_o tribunal_n examine_v the_o cause_n and_o inform_v his_o majesty_n who_o most_o common_o order_v the_o tribunal_n to_o re-examine_a it_o then_o the_o counsellor_n of_o state_n send_v back_o the_o case_n to_o the_o controller_n who_o after_o he_o have_v see_v the_o king_n order_n send_v it_o to_o the_o chief_a precedent_n who_o cause_v it_o once_o more_o to_o be_v examine_v and_o then_o send_v it_o back_o to_o the_o controller_n the_o controller_n to_o the_o counsellor_n of_o state_n and_o they_o to_o the_o emperor_n who_o then_o give_v his_o definitive_a sentence_n that_o sentence_n return_v the_o same_o way_n to_o the_o first_o precedent_n who_o give_v notice_n of_o it_o to_o both_o party_n and_o so_o the_o suit_n be_v end_v if_o it_o be_v a_o business_n which_o the_o provincial_a tribunal_n send_v to_o the_o court_n the_o case_n be_v seal_v up_o and_o direct_v to_o the_o king_n controller_n the_o controller_n open_v and_o read_v it_o and_o then_o send_v it_o to_o the_o chief_a precedent_n who_o proceed_v as_o before_o be_v recite_v will_v but_o the_o mandarin_n in_o their_o judicial_a proceed_n act_v conformable_a to_o the_o law_n and_o the_o intention_n of_o their_o prince_n china_n will_v be_v the_o most_o happy_a and_o best_a govern_v country_n in_o the_o world_n but_o as_o exact_a as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o outward_a observance_n of_o their_o formality_n as_o hypocritical_a as_o wicked_a and_o cruel_a be_v they_o in_o their_o heart_n their_o trick_n and_o cheat_n be_v so_o numerous_a that_o a_o large_a volume_n will_v not_o suffice_v to_o contain_v they_o i_o shall_v therefore_o say_v no_o more_o than_o only_a this_o that_o it_o be_v a_o rare_a thing_n to_o meet_v with_o a_o mandarin_n that_o be_v free_a from_o avarice_n and_o corruption_n they_o never_o consider_v the_o justice_n or_o injustice_n of_o a_o cause_n but_o those_o that_o give_v most_o money_n or_o send_v most_o present_n so_o that_o whether_o life_n estate_n or_o honour_o at_o stake_n those_o insatiable_a and_o sanguinary_a judge_n have_v no_o regard_n to_o either_o but_o only_o like_o so_o many_o ravenous_a wolf_n to_o gorge_v their_o sacrilegious_a avarice_n and_o what_o we_o have_v hitherto_o say_v be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o six_o tribunal_n but_o now_o to_o speak_v of_o every_o one_o in_o particular_a the_o first_o of_o these_o six_o tribunal_n be_v call_v li_n pu_o who_o business_n it_o be_v to_o furnish_v the_o empire_n with_o superior_a and_o inferior_a mandarin_n to_o examine_v their_o merit_n and_o miscarriage_n and_o to_o inform_v the_o king_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v either_o prefer_v or_o disgrace_v they_o reward_n or_o punish_v they_o in_o the_o palace_n belong_v to_o this_o tribunal_n be_v four_o other_o inferior_a tribunal_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v call_v venus_n sinen_n su_n or_o the_o tribunal_n which_o make_v choice_n of_o such_o person_n as_o be_v qualify_v with_o knowledge_n and_o other_o endowment_n requisite_a to_o fit_v they_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o be_v mandarin_n the_o second_o cao_n cum_fw-la sum_o which_o examine_v the_o good_a or_o bad_a behaviour_n and_o conduct_n of_o the_o say_a mandarin_n the_o three_o nien_z fum_o sum_o who_o business_n it_o be_v to_o seal_v judicial_a act_n to_o give_v the_o seal_n to_o every_o mandarin_n and_o to_o examine_v whether_o the_o seal_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o court_n or_o send_v away_o be_v true_a or_o counterfeit_n the_o four_o ki_v hium_fw-la su_fw-es or_o the_o tribunal_n who_o business_n it_o be_v to_o examine_v the_o merit_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n as_o the_o petty_a king_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a the_o duke_n marquess_n and_o the_o like_a which_o the_o chineses_n call_v hiun_n chin_n or_o ancient_a vassal_n who_o have_v perform_v great_a service_n in_o the_o war_n when_o the_o reign_v family_n conquer_v the_o empire_n the_o second_o superior_a tribunal_n be_v call_v hu_o pu_o which_o signify_v the_o king_n lord_n high_a treasurer_n this_o tribunal_n oversee_v the_o treasure_n the_o receipt_n and_o expense_n the_o revenue_n and_o tribute_n of_o the_o king_n distribute_v the_o pension_n and_o the_o quantity_n of_o rice_n the_o piece_n of_o silk_n and_o the_o money_n which_o the_o king_n give_v to_o all_o the_o petty_a prince_n and_o other_o grandee_n and_o to_o all_o the_o mandarin_n of_o the_o empire_n this_o tribunal_n keep_v the_o roll_n or_o catalogue_n which_o be_v make_v every_o year_n with_o great_a exactness_n of_o all_o the_o family_n of_o all_o the_o man_n the_o measure_n of_o land_n and_o duty_n which_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v and_o of_o the_o public_a magazine_n here_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o that_o which_o follow_v we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o although_o there_o be_v fifteen_o province_n in_o china_n yet_o in_o the_o public_a register_n and_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a manner_n of_o speak_v they_o say_v fourteen_o province_n and_o a_o court._n for_o say_v the_o chineses_n the_o province_n where_o the_o court_n reside_v be_v not_o in_o subjection_n but_o command_n and_o therefore_o they_o never_o reckon_v it_o in_o the_o number_n of_o the_o other_o province_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o six_o superior_a tribunal_n there_o be_v not_o any_o inferior_a tribunal_n appoint_v for_o the_o affair_n of_o pekim_n but_o the_o chief_a precedent_n send_v they_o to_o one_o or_o two_o of_o the_o inferior_a tribunal_n appoint_v for_o other_o province_n as_o he_o think_v ●…it_a this_o be_v thus_o promise_v the_o superior_a tribunal_n of_o the_o exchequer_n have_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o palace_n belong_v to_o it_o fourteen_o inferior_a tribunal_n which_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o the_o province_n to_o which_o it_o belong_v as_o for_o example_n the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o province_n of_o honorio_n nan_n the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o province_n of_o can_v ton_v and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o precede_a family_n they_o reckon_v but_o thirteen_o province_n and_o two_o court_n for_o that_o the_o city_n of_o nan_n k●…_n be_v a_o royal_a court_n as_o well_o as_o pe_n kim_v and_o have_v also_o six_o superior_a tribunal_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n subordinate_a to_o they_o as_o now_o at_o pe_n kim_v but_o the_o tartar_n deprive_v it_o of_o the_o

in_o the_o city_n the_o first_o which_o be_v the_o more_o considerable_a take_v care_n to_o set_v guard_n at_o all_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n to_o prevent_v the_o bring_n in_o of_o any_o good_n unless_o they_o be_v first_o register_v and_o pay_v the_o duty_n demand_v the_o second_o receive_v the_o duty_n of_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v buy_v and_o sell_v in_o the_o city_n as_o slave_n horse_n camel_n cattle_n etc._n etc._n the_o precedent_n of_o these_o tribunal_n be_v of_o the_o seven_o order_n and_o the_o inferior_a mandarin_n of_o the_o eight_o and_o nine_o these_o two_o tribunal_n belong_v to_o the_o grand_a tribunal_n of_o the_o exchequer_n tu_fw-la pu_fw-fr be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n of_o the_o king_n household_n their_o employment_n be_v twosold_a the_o first_o be_v to_o arrest_v robber_n and_o malefactor_n and_o to_o make_v out_o their_o process_n and_o than_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v quit_v they_o release_v they_o if_o they_o be_v think_v worthy_a of_o death_n they_o deliver_v they_o over_o to_o the_o tribunal_n of_o crime_n as_o for_o cut_v purse_n for_o the_o first_o offence_n they_o brand_v they_o upon_o the_o left_a arm_n with_o a_o red_a hot_a iron_n for_o the_o second_o offence_n upon_o the_o right_a arm_n and_o for_o the_o three_o they_o deliver_v the_o offender_n over_o to_o the_o tribunal_n of_o crime_n their_o next_o employment_n be_v to_o arrest_v fugitive_n slave_n which_o they_o first_o cause_n to_o be_v punish_v with_o a_o hundred_o lash_n of_o a_o whip_n and_o then_o to_o be_v restore_v to_o their_o master_n but_o of_o late_a year_n they_o be_v mark_v upon_o the_o left_a cheek_n with_o two_o tartar_n and_o two_o chinese_n character_n but_o a_o chinese_n mandarin_n by_o a_o memorial_n beseech_v the_o king_n to_o consider_v that_o the_o punishment_n be_v too_o rigorous_a for_o a_o crime_n that_o be_v rather_o the_o effect_n of_o desire_n of_o liberty_n so_o natural_a to_o all_o mankind_n than_o any_o act_n of_o a_o wicked_a inclination_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n no_o way_n become_v the_o city_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v residence_n to_o behold_v the_o street_n so_o full_a of_o those_o deform_a object_n of_o cruelty_n which_o counsel_n be_v approve_v by_o the_o king_n he_o order_v for_o the_o future_a that_o the_o letter_n shall_v be_v brand_v upon_o the_o left_a arm._n the_o precedent_n of_o this_o tribunal_n be_v of_o the_o second_o order_n his_o assistant_n be_v of_o the_o three_o and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o mandarin_n be_v of_o the_o seven_o and_o eight_o to_o this_o tribunal_n there_o belong_v a_o great_a number_n of_o catchpole_n and_o thief_n taker_n who_o with_o a_o industry_n and_o cunning_n more_o than_o ordinary_a discover_v and_o apprehend_v all_o manner_n of_o thief_n robber_n and_o runaway_n slave_n the_o tribunal_n call_v furio_n yn_v be_v that_o of_o the_o two_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n of_o xun_n tien_n furio_n or_o pekim_v but_o the_o first_o name_n be_v not_o in_o use_n because_o pekim_n signify_v proper_o the_o court_n of_o the_o north._n these_o governor_n be_v above_o all_o the_o other_o governor_n of_o all_o the_o city_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o of_o the_o three_o order_n of_o mandarin_n and_o their_o assessor_n of_o the_o four_o the_o first_o have_v the_o oversight_n of_o all_o the_o student_n and_o all_o the_o man_n of_o learning_n who_o be_v not_o yet_o mandarin_n the_o second_o take_v care_n to_o instruct_v the_o people_n and_o to_o exhort_v they_o to_o live_v in_o peace_n and_o union_n and_o to_o inform_v themselves_o of_o their_o manner_n of_o live_v to_o punish_v those_o that_o introduce_v novelty_n and_o disorder_n to_o cherish_v labour_n and_o industry_n to_o administer_v justice_n equal_o to_o all_o man_n to_o spare_v the_o people_n in_o the_o public_a work_n to_o know_v the_o number_n of_o the_o family_n and_o person_n in_o the_o city_n to_o watch_v day_n and_o night_n in_o redress_v the_o misery_n of_o the_o people_n to_o defend_v they_o against_o the_o wealthy_a and_o potent_a to_o comfort_v and_o ease_v the_o poor_a and_o afflict_a to_o recompense_v the_o virtuous_a relieve_v the_o innocent_a and_o punish_v the_o guilty_a and_o last_o to_o prepare_v the_o place_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o public_a sacrifice_n such_o function_n as_o these_o be_v easy_a demonstration_n that_o it_o be_v not_o without_o reason_n that_o the_o chineses_n call_v the_o governor_n of_o city_n furio_n mu_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o father_n and_o mother_n of_o the_o people_n there_o be_v yet_o two_o tribunal_n more_o call_v tai_n he_o hien_n and_o von_n pin_n hien_n who_o employment_n be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n upon_o which_o they_o depend_v and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o officer_n belong_v to_o it_o they_o be_v two_o because_o that_o pe_n kim_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o city_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o empire_n where_o the_o city_n be_v say_v to_o be_v double_a or_o single_a according_a to_o the_o largeness_n and_o extent_n of_o their_o territory_n the_o precedent_n of_o these_o tribunal_n in_o city_n where_o the_o court_n be_v keep_v be_v of_o the_o six_o order_n and_o in_o the_o city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o the_o seven_o order_n and_o the_o four_o inferior_a mandarin_n be_v of_o the_o seven_o eight_o and_o nine_o order_n t●…um_fw-mi gin_fw-mi furio_n be_v the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o grandee_n that_o descend_v from_o father_n to_o son_n of_o the_o royal_a family_n the_o precedent_n be_v one_o of_o those_o that_o enjoy_v the_o title_n of_o king_n and_o be_v always_o a_o person_n venerable_a for_o his_o age_n and_o his_o virtue_n he_o be_v of_o none_o of_o the_o nine_o order_n because_o his_o dignity_n advance_v he_o above_o all_o the_o order_n of_o the_o mandarin_n his_o assessor_n also_o be_v always_o 2_o dignify_v lord_n of_o the_o royal_a blood_n who_o be_v of_o no_o order_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n all_o these_o officer_n take_v care_n to_o distribute_v the_o pension_n which_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n kindred_n of_o the_o male_a line_n who_o whether_o they_o be_v great_a lord_n or_o poor_a and_o at_o least_o fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o generation_n distant_a in_o blood_n have_v nevertheless_o some_o pension_n all_o of_o they_o more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o their_o dignity_n and_o proximity_n of_o alliance_n they_o have_v all_o the_o privilege_n to_o paint_v their_o house_n and_o their_o furniture_n with_o red_a but_o in_o regard_n the_o precede_a family_n have_v reign_v for_o two_o hundred_o seventy_o seven_o year_n the_o descendants_n from_o it_o be_v multiply_v to_o that_o degree_n and_o spread_v to_o such_o a_o distance_n from_o the_o source_n of_o the_o pedigree_n and_o their_o divide_a revenue_n consequent_o so_o small_a that_o several_a of_o they_o be_v reduce_v to_o follow_v trade_n for_o their_o subsistence_n so_o that_o when_o i_o enter_v first_o into_o the_o empire_n i_o meet_v with_o one_o in_o the_o capital_a of_o the_o province_n of_o kiam_fw-la sì_n that_o be_v a_o common_a porter_n and_o to_o distinguish_v himself_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o companion_n carry_v the_o instrument_n of_o his_o profession_n at_o his_o back_n very_o bright_a and_o varnish_v over_o with_o red_a there_o be_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o they_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o precede_a family_n disperse_v all_o over_o the_o empire_n who_o abuse_v the_o privilege_n of_o their_o birth_n commit_v a_o thousand_o insolence_n and_o extortion_n upon_o the_o poor_a people_n but_o they_o have_v be_v all_o since_o utter_o extirpate_v together_o with_o the_o family_n from_o whence_o they_o descend_v at_o present_a the_o kindred_n of_o the_o king_n of_o tartary_n that_o now_o reign_n be_v all_o great_a lord_n and_o live_v at_o court_n but_o if_o their_o dominion_n long_o endure_v they_o will_v multiply_v and_o their_o number_n become_v no_o less_o burdensome_a than_o the_o former_a this_o tribunal_n be_v also_o entrust_v to_o determine_v all_o difference_n and_o process_n as_o well_o civil_a as_o criminal_a between_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n to_o give_v sentence_n according_a to_o the_o penalty_n which_o they_o deserve_v and_o to_o order_v execution_n after_o they_o have_v first_o inform_v the_o king_n of_o their_o proceed_n hoam_o cin_n be_v the_o tribunal_n of_o the_o king_n be_v female_a kindred_n which_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o first_o be_v they_o who_o descend_v from_o the_o king_n daughter_n marry_v to_o young_a gentleman_n call_v and_o choose_v for_o those_o match_n and_o be_v call_v tu_fw-la ma._n these_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o china_n be_v not_o look_v upon_o as_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n nor_o as_o the_o king_n kindred_n nor_o