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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A94341	The application of certain histories concerning ambassadours and their functions, by Francis Thynn, Esquire. Taken out of Sir Robert Cottons library.	Thynne, Francis, 1545?-1608.; Cotton, Robert, Sir, 1571-1631.	1651 (1651)	Wing T1142; Thomason E1403_1; ESTC R3001	34,353	213

of either part were chosen to be sent to Caius the Emperour Whereof Appion Prince of the Legates for the Alexandrians laied many faults upon the Jewes one of which was this that they did not prosecute the Emperour with Divine honour The chiefe one of the partie of the Jewes was Philo the brother of Alexandor Alabarcha and a skilful Philosopher who preparing to plead the cause of his Nation was repulsed of Caesar and commanded to depart The Emperour scarce for anger abstaining from doing him injurie wherefore he being thus cast out with reproch amongst men fled to the assistance of God and turning to the Jewes his followers said wee must now be of good comfort for when Caius is offended with us God shall work against him for us Leo Bizantius when he was sent Ambassadour to Athens entring into the Assemblie to pacifie a long sedition continuing amongst them provoked laughter to the people for that he appeared so fat in body being furnished with a great paunch or belly but he nothing moved therewith yet knowing the occasion of their jeasting cryed Why doe you laugh to see me thus grosse Assure your selves I have a wife farre fatter than my selfe and yet being such and so monsterous a little bed can hold us being quiet together but being at square and variance the whole house is too little and so went on by this occasion with his Oration inducing the people to concord and quiet Philostratus Ambassadours being dispatched to Pirrhus did come to redeem certain prisoners amongst the which Legates was Caius Fabritius whose fame and name was had in great estimation amongst the Romans being a vertuous man in peace and a noble Souldiour in warre but yet very poor which Cineas declared unto the King Whereupon Pirrhus did privately use him very courteously contending with him to take reward of gold at his hands not for any evill cause but as he said as a pledge of friendship and good entertainment the which Fabritius refusing silence was made thereof for that time The next day to the end he might fear Fabritius who never before had seen an Elephant Pirrhus commanded the great beast as they were in talking to be brought and set behind a skreen which was so done then a sign being given the skreen was removed and the Elephant lifting up his nostrill did hang it over the head of Fabritius sounding up a sharp and terrible noyse whereat Fabritius by little and little turning back said to Pirrhus neither thy gold yesterday nor thy beast to day can move me After at supper when talk was had of the Greeks and of the Philosophers Cineas fell to naming of the Epicures reciting what they thought of the Gods and of the Common-wealth how they placed their chiefest felicitie in pleasure how they avoyded the government of the State as troublesome and hurtfull to good life and how the gods were removed from rewarding from anger and from care of to and over us leading an idle life flowing with all pleasure To whom yet thus speaking Fabritius cryed out O God be these Precepts pleasant to Pirrhus and the Samnites whilest they make warre with us Upon the which Pirrhus marvelling at the mind and gravitie of the man did more earnestly studie by breaking off the wars to joyne friendship with the Romans privately inviting Fabritius if the Peace were performed to remain and live with him offering that he should enjoy the chiefest place amongst his friends and Nobles To whom Fabritius is said to have answered in his eare It will not be for thy profit O King for those that do now worship and follow thee if they had made tryall of me would wish me king to thee With which Pirrhus was no whit offended nor took it with a Tyrannicall mind but did declare to Fabritius friends the noble disposition of the man To whose only credit hee did commit the Captives with this condition that if the Senate did deny Peace after their friends saluted and the Saturnals celebrated to the Gods they should be sent back to him again who in like sort the Festivals ended according to the condition were returned to Pirrhus of whom as many as remained at home the Senate put to execution Plutar in Pirrho Two Legates saith Poggius being sent from the Councell of Constance to Petrus Deluna the false Pope did amongst other bitter chidings and hard speeches which they used together upon the right and title of Pontificialitie after that the Pope had said of himselfe this is the Arke of Noah meaning that all the power of the Apostolique See remained with him answer there were many beasts in the Ark of Noah expressing therby that there were many vices in him the Pope and many wicked men in the Church When Sfortia the great being feared with the weapons and awaites of Paulus Ursinus had departed from Rome and placed his Companie in Algido there came to him from the Pope a Legate the Cardinall of St. Angell being of the familie of Columna and was well received into the Citie To which Cardinall amongst many speeches when he had said Shall Sfortia fear a Beare alluding to Ursinus for Ursus in Latine is a Bear in English When hee shall be in most safetie under a Pillar meaning himselfe discended of Columna which in English signifies a Pillar Sfortia suddenly answered Shall not I seem mad unto thee O Father if whilst in vain I crave aide of a dumb and deaf Pillar that great beast fierce with tooth and nayle making hast oftentimes with the pace of a lively man shall not seem fearfull unto me not unpleasantly noting the absence of the Columnians who were far off and lively depainting the wit of Ursinus Jovius in vita mag Sfortiae with his present strength which was at hand And so my good Lord I knit up this matter with many Ambassadours examples wherein is shewed their wit their government their wise answers their gravitie their magnanimitie policie favour and many other excellent things required in an Ambassadour Of which former examples I shall not need to make any Comment or application to your Lordship who by nature have a ready wit to conceive by experience a sound judgement to understand and by studie a heaped knowledge to judge both my intent in writing them their commendations in speaking them and my friend commoditie in reading them And so to other matter concerning Legats to be confirmed by collected examples found in antient and learned Writers CRAP. 3. Ambassadours that dyed in their Embassie AS you have before heard what good things have been commended in Legates and Ambassadours how they have been rewarded honoured esteemed preferred what privileges what entertainment and how many other good things have been belonging unto them So since there is nothing certain in this world nothing happy on every side but that every commoditie brings its discommoditie these men with all these good matters are subject to as many evils misfortunes losses and hinderances

And thereupon was Orpheus feigned by his Musick to draw trees stones mountaines and wilde beasts after him for that by his sweet words he reduced the savage people to civility the want of which utterance gave Moses occasion to excuse himselfe before God that he was unapt by reason of his stammering which he got his mouth being burnt by eating hot coals when he was brought up in Pharaohs house where being then but a boy hee threw down the Crown from Pharaohs head whereby the Divines prophesied that hee should destroy the King of Egypt to bee Gods Ambassadour to the Egyptians for the deliverie of the people of Israel Wherefore to him God chose Aaron as his Assistant by his Eloquence to supply Moses his default and to utter whatsoever Moses should give him in command Such an eloquent person was also Carneades Cyramus whose eloquence was so great that hee could easily in any matter by the strength of his speech draw any man to his opinion And therefore he Prince of the Academians with Diogenes the Stoick and Critolaus the Peripatetick being sent Ambassadours to Rome from the Athenians brought his Legatship in doubt amongst the Romans Marcus Cato saying in the Senate that they should beware of that man who by his eloquence and skill of utterance could obtain whatsoever he would desire Volater Lib. 4. Cap. 2. Anthropo Quintil. li. 2. cap. 1. of whom in like sort Quintilian doth report that in the hearing of Cato the Censor at Rome he did with no lesse force the day following argue against Justice than hee had the day before defended it Gellius li. 7. cap. 14. Crinitus li. 22. cap. 4. de honest Discipl His singular eloquence being also remembred by Gellius and Crinitus Not unlike to whom was Cyneas Thessalus the hearer of Demosthenes and Legate of Pirrhus who when he was sent to any City to require Surrender thereof would use this saying of Euripides That neat and sweet words could doe as much as threatning swords of whom Pirrhus was wont to say that hee had subdued more Cities by the Orations of Cyneas than by the hands of his Army whom as Plutarch saith the King had in great estimation using his help in his chiefest affaires With no less commendation did Scopelianus the Sophist obtain the request of his Embassie for whereas Domitian the Emperour had made Proclamation that no Vines should be growing in Asia because the plenty thereof by drunkennesse might seem to move Sedition Scopelianus being sent to Rome did by his eloquence not only bring so to passe that they might lawfully plant Vines Celius li. 20. cap. 11. but also further obtained that he should be Fyned that would abstain from the setting and planting of the same In which number of Eloquent Ambassadours may take his place Eustachius Capadox the Successor of Aedesius in his Country who was of such profound Eloquence being the Disciple of Jambicns the Chaldean as being sent to S●pinus King of Persia did there so inchaunt the King by his speeches that casting away his Tyara which was a kind of Crown or Imperiall Cap foulded with linnen the King would have changed his garment for the cloke of Eustachius which the Courtiers did forbid saying that he was a Magician and wrote by a course of Witcherie as teacheth Eunapius And so concluding this matter your Lordship may easily gather hereby how requisite it is for an Ambassadour to be eloquent in Speech in delivering his Message But to what use shall all this serve if he have not joyned with these estimation and credit and that he be of good account in his Countrie before he be sent For if he be not both he and his Embassie shall bee despised and neglected As well appeareth in this one Historie done in our time And because I will not in this point be tedious unto your Honour I will only shew you here omitting which I could cite concerning the same one Historie thereof for a small thing can give light to a wise man and your Lordship by this one example shall learne that others have told in many Which History is thus When in the year of our Lord as telleth Paulus Jovius Charles the fifth Paulus Jovius lib. 28. the Emperour by Confederacie made with Clement the seventh Bishop of Rome against the Florentines attempting to reduce those of the house of Medices into their Countrie did with continuall Siege oppresse the City of Florence such was the obstinacie of the Citizens favouring the popular government that great cruelty was shewed to them who did freely and truly say that Peace was to bee embraced But at the length by Philip Meliores an honest young man in the Common-wealth preaching often to the Senate and perswading to embrace Peace he Fathers decreed that Ambassadours should be dispatched to the Pope yet such was the malignity of the hinderers that not they whom the waightiness of the cause did require but men otherwise of small credit and common Citizens were sent forth Of whom one Aloysius Soderinus who had not done any thing worthy any grave affaires in ordering any matter other than that hee was called a good house-keeper was one and another was Anderolus Nicolinus rather a continuall and diligent Merchant than a Senator and the third was Robertus Boncius whom by reason of his late neer allyance with Thomas Soderyne who still laboured against this Peace made the Embassie to be the more suspected These men when they were arrived at Bononia the Pope for that they were not of sufficient honour and for that sufficiencie of industrie sinceritie of mind and faith was not found in them did so contemn them that hee greatly laughed to see that in place of worthy Senators they had out of Florence sent Merchants and those not of the best sort And that which did most sound in derogation of their Legation was for that the Ministers of the Customes in Bononia had found in their Coffers for Merchandize sake great store of gold thred to make and weave cloth-of-gold the which they then brought to avoyd further charge of carriage for the same which foolish subtilty in so grave a matter wrapped about with the filthinesse of gain was the more to be jested at Because when they had delivered their Message they had brought no further authoritie to confirm the Peace Wherefore Clement and Caesar also scorning them and stomacking the covetousnesse and unskill of the Merchants did so upbraid them that their pertinacie seemed next unto madnesse and they with open shame rejected were sent home c. Thus far Jovius translated in English In which is to be seen that the basenesse foolishnesse Covetousnesse and want of experience was the cause that these Ambassadours were not only disdained and their Petition rejected but that the poor Florentines were stil oppressed with the said warre And thus much hitherto that an Ambassadour should be learned eloquent and of good calling Now for the other

and to save them out of such condemned actions CHAP. 11. Of the foolish sayings and doings of Ambassadours NOtwithstanding that it often happeneth to be counted a point of wisdome to dissemble and to utter great folly yet in a Legate in a matter of gravitie in the benefit of a Countrie in the cause of a King to shew either folly in the tongue rashnesse in the hand lightness in the gesture clownishness in action or want of good government in ordering himselfe is not simply a fault in the Agent which yet is not to bee allowed but also it stretcheth further and ministreth occasion to condemn the Master or Prince for want of judgement that either hee had not people out of whom or else had not in him to discern to whom he might have better committed such a waighty charge a thing not to be imagined of the head and Governour of the Common-wealth and kingdome Wherefore as you have before on the one side wise Ambassadours honoured and commended for their singular and quick wits in answering for their worthy and prudent dispatch of their Embassie in action So on the other side you shall now see That they who doe not advisedly consider the place wherein the person to whom the matter whereof they are to use their speech doe not only fall into many grosse errors which hurt themselves in jurie their Countries and shame their Princes But that they also thereby become a note and blot of Ignominie to be left behind them in their utter condemnation and the heavy reproch of their posteritie as is proved by these persons following vouched for that intent whose children although they might be condemned as discended from Ambassadours yet it is reprochfull to have the folly and evill of their Ancestors to be spightfully objected unto them And so to the matter The people of Florence sent an Orator or Ambassadour to Jane Queen of Naples of life incontinent and such a person as hanged her Husband a gallant young Prince out of her Chamber window for that he could not the night before content her immoderate and insatiable leacherie called Francis a certain Lawyer by profession but better learned in wearing the apparell of a Civillian than deeply seen in the judgement of Justinian And yet more unlearned indeed then he appeared in shew This man being called into the Queens presence to performe his charge when he had uttered with some good care the effects of his Legation was the next day commanded to return to the Court to hear his answer In the mean time having intelligence that the Queen loved proper men not disdaining such persons as were of excellent beauty but when according to commandement he was returned to Court there after many things spoken this way and that way about his Embassie unto the Queen at length more impudent than wise more glorious than seemly brake with the Queen and said that he had farre more secret matters to impart unto her Whereupon the gentle Queen desirous to satisfie his Legation in all convenient order and deeming the matters of great importance should be revealed unto her self courteously called him into a more secret place where the fool besides all order and civilitie much flattering himselfe in the excellencie of his beautie demanded of her societie in the act of Venus At which the wise Queen nothing abashed nor altered into any sudden passion beholding the countenance of the man did only smiling ask whether the Florentines had given him the same in commission also and telling him that he were best to have authority therefore without further anger willed him to depart home Poggius in facetiis Ariston the Tyrant of Athens besieged and subdued by L. Sylla and being in great povertie and want of all things did send two Legates or Messengers into the Camp to Sylla but they with the minds of Tyrants and not with an humble or gentle stile applied to the present fortune beginning with the praise of Theseus and Eumolisuenta together with the memorie of things done against the Medes and other Nations by the Athenians did gloriously and foolishly execute their Legation by which they did not only not mitigate the mind of the enemy but made him far more offended than hee was before saying that they were a people most happy and therefore meete to carry back such praises again for hee was sent to Athens by the City of Rome not to be instructed in learning but utterly to overthrow the taken City of Athens which he did after performe Sab. li. 9. en 6. ex Plut. Sylla The Perusines sending Orators to Urbaim Bishop of Rome afflicted with sicknesse one of them without respect of the griefe of the Pope used a long and tedious Oration The other who grieved at the folly of the first Speaker then being to mend all fell into a far more offence to move anger in the Bishop saying That it was given them in charge that except they were answered forthwith they should repeat the same Oration again At whose folly the Bishop smiling cōmanded them to be quickly dispatched Poggius in facetiis Franciscus Codelmerius a Cardinall being with a Navy sent Legate against the Turks subduing Hellespont by his folly and ignorance suffered the Turks to passe out of that streight and gave no warning to the Christians wherein he might and did seem to be author by his stupiditie of that memorable and lamentable slaughter of the Christians at Varua Garimbertus li. 6. De vitis Pontificum In the wars which were kept between Pope Gregorie the Eleventh and the Florentines a Legate of the Racavatenses being sent to Florence gave them thanks for the liberties restored inveighing with many despightfull words against the Bishop and the Princes of the City the Ministers of the Bishop having no respect to Radolphus Lord of the Camerines who was then Potimansis or chiefe Governour of Florence for the Bishop Whereupon Radolphus demanded of the Ambassadour of what facultie or Art he was to whom he answered a Doctor of the Civill Law then he asked how long he had applied that studie the Legate said more than ten years O replyed Radolphus very glad would I have been that you had bestowed a yeare thereof to learn discretion and wisdome judgeing him a simple foole that in his presence being one of the number would so lavishly bluster out such heavie words against the Princes and Rulers Poggius The Venetians dispatched two young Legates to Frederick the third Emperour who being highly offended with their young yeares forbade them to approach his presence yet at the length they obtained this favour that they were privatly and without the order of the Custome of Ambassadours which openly should deliver their Message brought to the Emperour at what time beyond all humanitie or wisdome out of the matter propounded they said that if all wisdome and learning rested in a beard and in white haires the Senate of Venice had in place of them to send to the