cap._n 11._o §._o 1._o and_o so_o do_v our_o reform_a bishop_n wherefore_o i_o be_o not_o concern_v how_o the_o papal_a encroachment_n be_v tolerate_v or_o restrain_v because_o excommunication_n be_v right_o manage_v before_o they_o be_v in_o be_v and_o be_v now_o after_o they_o be_v cast_v out_o and_o now_o a_o brief_a review_n of_o these_o objection_n will_v sufficeâ—y_v wherefore_o we_o will_v here_o represent_v they_o all_o together_o he_o allege_v many_o particular_n to_o this_o purpose_n viz._n that_o eadmerus_n say_v concern_v william_n the_o conqueror_n that_o he_o will_v not_o suffer_v any_o of_o his_o baron_n or_o minister_n to_o be_v prosecute_v or_o excommunicate_v for_o incest_n adultery_n or_o any_o other_o capital_a crime_n 197._o crime_n seld._n de_fw-fr synedr_n lib._n i._o cap._n 10._o pag._n 197._o which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o odious_a representation_n of_o a_o monk_n who_o be_v concern_v in_o the_o controversy_n between_o anselm_n and_o the_o crown_n for_o eadmerus_n author_n of_o this_o charge_n be_v one_o of_o anselm_n monk_n the_o truth_n therefore_o i_o suppose_v be_v that_o king_n william_n expect_v to_o have_v notice_n before_o any_o of_o his_o court_n be_v excommunicate_v for_o that_o be_v one_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o father_n which_o the_o english_a nobility_n get_v to_o be_v enact_v for_o a_o law_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o clarendon_n 100_o clarendon_n statut._n clarend_a matth._n paris_n an._n 1164._o p._n 100_o but_o it_o be_v not_o credible_a that_o any_o christian_a king_n shall_v presume_v to_o forbid_v discipline_n to_o be_v exercise_v in_o such_o case_n wherein_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o example_n of_o the_o apostle_n require_v it_o shall_v be_v use_v and_o if_o king_n william_n have_v forbid_v any_o such_o thing_n his_o prohibition_n have_v be_v impious_a and_o unjust_a as_o be_v against_o the_o express_a law_n of_o god_n but_o for_o that_o custom_n of_o the_o bishop_n acquaint_v the_o king_n first_o before_o any_o such_o sentence_n be_v issue_v out_o against_o his_o chief_a officer_n there_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o reason_n for_o it_o first_o because_o the_o king_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v these_o to_o amendment_n without_o any_o severity_n second_o in_o that_o age_n many_o thing_n be_v annex_v to_o excommunication_n by_o prince_n bounty_n to_o the_o church_n so_o that_o if_o this_o person_n be_v one_o of_o who_o the_o king_n have_v great_a need_n in_o his_o affair_n he_o may_v thus_o have_v become_v useless_a to_o he_o on_o the_o sudden_a to_o the_o great_a damage_n of_o his_o government_n three_o the_o prince_n himself_o may_v thus_o unwary_o become_v liable_a to_o excommunication_n by_o converse_v with_o the_o excommunicate_a so_o that_o this_o custom_n require_v notice_n be_v give_v to_o the_o prince_n first_o and_o with_o his_o leave_n the_o offender_n may_v be_v excommunicate_v nor_o ought_v we_o to_o suppose_v that_o any_o christian_a prince_n who_o see_v a_o good_a bishop_n only_o design_v reformation_n of_o some_o scandalous_a officer_n or_o servant_n of_o he_o will_v deny_v his_o leave_n for_o the_o bishop_n to_o censure_v he_o and_o if_o he_o do_v i_o dare_v venture_v to_o say_v may_v overcome_v right_o for_o i_o be_o not_o of_o mr._n selden'_v opinion_n that_o secular_a law_n and_o custom_n be_v always_o just_a but_o i_o believe_v pious_a bishop_n have_v often_o for_o peace_n sake_n submit_v to_o unjust_a law_n and_o custom_n both_o rather_o than_o disturb_v their_o country_n or_o raise_v sedition_n against_o their_o prince_n again_o he_o object_n divers_a sentence_n of_o excommunication_n denounce_v in_o parliament_n against_o the_o infringer_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o other_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n and_o people_n i_o reply_v mr._n selden_n grant_v this_o be_v not_o proper_o excommunicate_v but_o only_o a_o threaten_v of_o this_o sentence_n in_o general_n and_o a_o declaration_n that_o they_o all_o believe_v the_o person_n so_o offend_v deserve_v to_o be_v accurse_a and_o excommunicate_v by_o the_o bishop_n and_o since_o so_o many_o bishop_n be_v present_a in_o parliament_n the_o sentence_n be_v they_o proper_o and_o the_o rest_n only_o express_v their_o agreement_n to_o it_o and_o withal_o excommunication_n be_v by_o the_o consequent_n attend_n it_o even_o as_o to_o a_o man_n outward_a condition_n become_v one_o of_o the_o most_o grievous_a penalty_n of_o all_o other_o in_o this_o age_n and_o so_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o prince_n who_o have_v annex_v these_o consequence_n to_o it_o do_v oblige_v the_o clergy_n to_o pronounce_v it_o with_o general_a assent_n on_o solemn_a occasion_n to_o make_v their_o law_n the_o better_a to_o be_v observe_v though_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o question_v whether_o it_o be_v well_o do_v to_o use_v it_o to_o such_o secular_a purpose_n we_o have_v indeed_o one_o statute_n since_o the_o reformation_n object_v also_o by_o mr._n selden_n 173._o selden_n stat._n 5_o &_o 6_o edvard_n 6._o cap._n 4._o vide_fw-la seld._n ut_fw-la supr_fw-la pag._n 173._o which_o decree_v excommunication_n for_o strike_v in_o the_o church_n or_o church-yard_n but_o this_o be_v not_o only_o a_o law_n make_v by_o the_o bishop_n consent_n but_o also_o it_o relate_v to_o a_o matter_n of_o the_o church_n and_o be_v no_o more_o but_o a_o confirmation_n of_o divers_a ancient_a canon_n which_o they_o suppose_v will_v be_v better_o observe_v if_o the_o whole_a parliament_n do_v assent_v to_o they_o and_o pass_v they_o into_o a_o secular_a law_n as_o be_v often_o do_v by_o the_o primitive_a emperor_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o by_o the_o french_a king_n in_o the_o capitular_o but_o neither_o they_o nor_o our_o parliament_n ever_o intend_v hereby_o to_o take_v the_o matter_n out_o of_o the_o clergy_n power_n or_o to_o assume_v this_o power_n into_o their_o own_o hand_n yea_o the_o statute_n cite_v express_o say_v the_o ordinary_a shall_v issue_v out_o the_o sentence_n again_o mr._n selden_n say_v the_o king_n of_o france_n spain_n and_o england_n etc._n etc._n do_v allow_v appeal_n from_o the_o bishop_n consistory_n in_o many_o case_n i_o reply_v that_o many_o case_n be_v try_v in_o that_o court_n by_o the_o pious_a favour_n of_o christian_a prince_n who_o true_o believe_v bishop_n fit_a to_o judge_v in_o cause_n concern_v testament_n legacy_n guardianship_n divorce_n etc._n etc._n now_o in_o these_o matter_n which_o be_v judge_v by_o bishop_n not_o by_o any_o express_a law_n of_o god_n but_o by_o favour_n of_o the_o prince_n he_o may_v see_v that_o bishop_n judge_v right_o and_o therefore_o the_o king_n do_v of_o old_a grant_n prohibition_n on_o great_a occasion_n and_o call_v some_o of_o these_o matter_n into_o his_o temporal_a court_n where_o ancient_o he_o sit_v himself_o which_o custom_n be_v confirm_v by_o time_n be_v practise_v to_o this_o day_n but_o this_o no_o way_n concern_v the_o bishop_n authority_n which_o christ_n give_v he_o and_o if_o the_o sentence_n be_v for_o heresy_n or_o any_o other_o scandalous_a offence_n for_o which_o of_o old_a excommunication_n be_v inflict_v or_o if_o it_o only_o tend_v to_o reformation_n of_o manner_n and_o to_o the_o salvation_n of_o the_o criminal_n soul_n no_o appeal_n lie_v so_o that_o our_o opinion_n of_o the_o divine_a right_n of_o excommunication_n be_v not_o disprove_v by_o these_o proceed_n but_o he_o argue_v further_a that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v some_o time_n send_v out_o their_o writ_n to_o command_v bishop_n to_o revoke_v their_o excommunication_n of_o which_o he_o give_v some_o instance_n etc._n instance_n seld._n synedr_n lib._n i._o cap._n 10._o pag._n 201._o etc._n etc._n to_o this_o i_o reply_v that_o all_o the_o case_n he_o specify_v be_v notorious_a violation_n of_o that_o power_n which_o christ_n have_v entrust_v the_o bishop_n with_o tend_v to_o the_o hinder_v the_o king_n precept_n from_o be_v execute_v and_o to_o the_o oppression_n of_o his_o loyal_a subject_n now_o since_o the_o king_n be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v supreme_a in_o all_o cause_n as_o well_o ecclesiastical_a as_o civil_a no_o doubt_n it_o be_v his_o office_n and_o duty_n to_o see_v that_o all_o person_n do_v right_o use_v the_o power_n they_o have_v and_o if_o they_o abuse_v it_o he_o may_v hinder_v they_o or_o punish_v they_o for_o it_o and_o in_o so_o do_v he_o do_v not_o take_v away_o the_o power_n itself_o from_o those_o who_o use_v it_o well_o nor_o deny_v it_o to_o come_v original_o from_o christ_n as_o if_o a_o king_n do_v imprison_v or_o banish_v a_o priest_n for_o preach_v sedition_n none_o will_v say_v that_o he_o thereby_o deny_v any_o priest_n to_o have_v a_o power_n from_o christ_n to_o preach_v good_a doctrine_n and_o true_o if_o the_o clergy_n do_v abuse_v their_o power_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v correct_v for_o it_o for_o our_o saviour_n who_o set_v up_o king_n as_o
synagogue_n at_o the_o hour_n of_o prayer_n 6._o prayer_n idem_fw-la ibid._n cap._n 6._o and_o again_o let_v every_o man_n go_v morning_n and_o evening_n to_o the_o synagogue_n and_o if_o any_o man_n who_o have_v a_o synagogue_n in_o his_o city_n pray_v not_o in_o it_o with_o the_o congregation_n he_o be_v a_o evil_a neighbour_n 8._o neighbour_n maim_v tephil_n cap._n 8._o et_fw-la baeb_n berac_n fol._n 8._o and_o about_o our_o saviour_n time_n we_o be_v tell_v there_o be_v 480_o in_o jerusalem_n yea_o unto_o this_o day_n the_o jew_n have_v synagogue_n for_o prayer_n and_o religious_a worship_n in_o all_o city_n where_o they_o be_v tolerate_v for_o of_o these_o buxtorf_n say_v they_o have_v synagogue_n or_o school_n so_o they_o call_v their_o church_n 5._o church_n synagogas_fw-la aut_fw-la scholas_fw-la ita_fw-la nimirum_fw-la vocant_fw-la templa_fw-la ipsorum_fw-la habent_fw-la buxt_n synag_fw-mi c._n 5._o where_o they_o always_o meet_v say_v he_o at_o the_o appoint_a hour_n of_o prayer_n and_o there_o they_o perform_v their_o prayer_n according_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o their_o book_n ibid._n book_n idem_fw-la ibid._n which_o constant_a use_n of_o the_o jew_n in_o call_v the_o place_n for_o their_o religious_a assembly_n synagogue_n give_v occasion_n to_o christian_n also_o to_o call_v their_o church_n by_o the_o very_a same_o name_n so_o s._n james_n speak_v of_o one_o come_v into_o the_o christian_a synagogue_n 2._o synagogue_n james_n two_o 2._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d theoph._n adv_o nat._n lib._n 2._o and_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_n say_v the_o holy_a church_n be_v call_v synagogue_n all_o which_o sufficient_o prove_v that_o the_o main_a end_n of_o synagogue_n be_v for_o prayer_n and_o other_o religious_a meeting_n yet_o we_o confess_v that_o when_o once_o the_o nation_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o roman_n so_o that_o the_o jew_n have_v no_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o nor_o no_o great_a coercive_a power_n then_o and_o not_o before_o it_o appear_v they_o have_v a_o session_n of_o three_o eminent_a man_n in_o every_o synagogue_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v such_o cause_n as_o be_v leave_v to_o they_o and_o be_v not_o sit_v to_o be_v complain_v of_o to_o the_o roman_a governor_n and_o because_o for_o more_o privacy_n they_o sometime_o execute_v the_o sentence_n as_o far_o as_o scourge_v the_o malefactor_n in_o their_o synagogue_n matth._n x._o 17._o therefore_o some_o learned_a man_n have_v fancy_v the_o synagogue_n to_o be_v place_n for_o administer_a civil_a justice_n and_o hence_o mr._n selden_n will_v infer_v the_o civil_a magistrate_n power_n in_o excommunication_n and_o that_o this_o holy_a interdict_v itself_o be_v chief_o yea_o only_o a_o civil_a punishment_n and_o a_o deny_v to_o keep_v they_o company_n in_o the_o affair_n of_o common_a life_n but_o all_o unprejudiced_a man_n must_v grant_v that_o excommunication_n or_o turn_v out_o of_o the_o synagogue_n necessary_o imply_v a_o separation_n from_o all_o act_v do_v in_o the_o synagogue_n that_o be_v first_o and_z chief_o from_o prayer_n and_o sermon_n and_o second_o from_o the_o benefit_n of_o these_o private_a tribunal_n and_o last_o from_o their_o civil_a conversation_n also_o nor_o can_v it_o be_v improbable_a that_o they_o must_v both_o go_v together_o for_o if_o a_o man_n be_v so_o wicked_a as_o to_o be_v judge_v unworthy_a to_o talk_v or_o eat_v with_o his_o brethren_n he_o be_v much_o more_o unworthy_a to_o pray_v with_o they_o and_o he_o who_o may_v not_o come_v into_o the_o synagogue_n when_o a_o court_n be_v keep_v there_o ought_v much_o more_o to_o be_v exclude_v when_o religious_a office_n be_v perform_v and_o that_o offender_n be_v then_o exclude_v from_o religious_a assembly_n may_v be_v sufficient_o prove_v from_o the_o best_a author_n josephus_n affirm_v that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o priest_n do_v offend_v he_o be_v interdict_v from_o come_v to_o the_o altar_n and_o from_o meddle_v with_o any_o holy_a office_n in_o ap._n lib._n 1._o pag._n 632._o and_o he_o say_v the_o essenes_n do_v not_o sacrifice_n in_o the_o temple_n because_o they_o have_v some_o rite_n of_o their_o own_o which_o they_o count_v more_o holy_a for_o which_o cause_n be_v exclude_v from_o the_o public_a temple_n they_o sacrifice_v in_o private_a by_o themselves_o 2._o themselves_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d antiq._n l_o 18._o c._n 2._o yea_o the_o custom_n of_o these_o essenes_n among_o those_o of_o their_o own_o sect_n show_v that_o the_o excommunication_n then_o in_o use_n among_o they_o be_v a_o exclusion_n from_o both_o religious_a and_o civil_a commerce_n for_o if_o any_o of_o they_o be_v take_v in_o any_o great_a fault_n they_o cast_v he_o out_o of_o their_o society_n 7._o society_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d jos_n bell._n jud._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 7._o and_o none_o of_o they_o will_v ever_o come_v near_o he_o after_o this_o censure_n under_o which_o he_o common_o die_v miserable_o athanasius_n also_o relate_v how_o the_o chief_a priest_n and_o elder_n at_o berytus_n do_v excommunicate_a that_o jew_n and_o cast_v he_o out_o of_o their_o synagogue_n with_o who_o a_o image_n of_o our_o saviour_n be_v find_v 628._o find_v athanas_n tom._n 2._o p._n 628._o and_o not_o to_o search_v for_o more_o example_n the_o usage_n of_o the_o modern_a jew_n derive_v from_o their_o father_n do_v abundant_o prove_v that_o excommunication_n be_v a_o deprivation_n of_o communion_n in_o sacred_a office_n for_o when_o any_o be_v disobedient_a they_o curse_v he_o and_o declare_v he_o open_o to_o be_v excommunicate_v and_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o to_o speak_v to_o he_o or_o to_o come_v within_o four_o yard_n of_o he_o neither_o may_v he_o come_v into_o the_o synagogue_n or_o school_n but_o he_o be_v to_o sit_v upon_o the_o ground_n with_o his_o shoe_n off_o as_o if_o he_o mourn_v for_o some_o of_o his_o dead_a kindred_n and_o this_o he_o must_v do_v till_o he_o be_v absolve_v by_o the_o rabbin_n and_o shall_v have_v receive_v their_o benediction_n and_o if_o it_o be_v the_o solemn_a and_o grand_a excommunication_n then_o do_v all_o the_o people_n repair_v to_o the_o school_n light_v black_a torch_n and_o sound_a horn_n they_o curse_v he_o that_o shall_v do_v or_o have_v do_v such_o a_o thing_n and_o all_o the_o child_n and_o the_o people_n answer_v amen_n leo_fw-la moden_n history_n of_o the_o present_a jew_n chap._n 3._o pag._n 70._o which_o last_o passage_n mind_v i_o of_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o excommunication_n call_v cherem_n which_o be_v not_o only_o a_o separate_n the_o person_n from_o religious_a and_o civil_a commerce_n but_o declare_v he_o accurse_v yea_o they_o do_v actual_o curse_v he_o and_o wish_v dreadful_a evil_n may_v befall_v he_o which_o kind_n of_o anathema_n the_o jew_n in_o their_o synagogue_n utter_v against_o christ_n and_o all_o christian_n as_o justin_n martyr_n at_o large_a relate_v in_o divers_a place_n 363._o place_n just_a mart._n dial._n cum_fw-la tryph._n p._n 323_o 335_o &_o 363._o yea_o epiphanius_n say_v that_o the_o jew_n in_o their_o synagogue_n twice_o a_o day_n at_o noon_n and_o at_o evening_n do_v curse_n and_o anathematise_v the_o christian_n say_v o_o god_n curse_v these_o nazarite_n 18._o nazarite_n epiphan_n panar_n sect._n 29._o p._n 55._o s._n hierom_n say_v they_o do_v it_o thrice_o a_o day_n com._n in_o isai_n v._o 18._o and_o the_o like_a anathema_n they_o pronounce_v against_o all_o those_o who_o read_v their_o law_n in_o the_o greek_a tongue_n till_o justinian_n do_v forbid_v this_o by_o a_o particular_a constitution_n yet_o extant_a in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n 202._o law_n justin_n auth._n collat._n ix_o tit._n 29._o nou._n 146_o pag._n 202._o to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v a_o three_o sort_n of_o excommunication_n sometime_o use_v among_o the_o jew_n call_v schammatha_n which_o be_v a_o solemn_a deliver_v a_o desperate_a and_o incurable_a criminal_a to_o the_o divine_a vengeance_n which_o sometime_o do_v terrible_o seize_v on_o the_o accurse_a person_n and_o of_o this_o the_o name_n itself_o give_v we_o intimation_n which_o some_o expound_v ibi_fw-la mors_fw-la there_o be_v death_n other_o the_o name_n come_v that_o be_v god_n come_v jehovah_n who_o name_n be_v not_o to_o be_v pronounce_v especial_o in_o a_o form_n of_o curse_v come_v to_o take_v vengeance_n which_o s._n paul_n give_v we_o in_o the_o syriac_a form_n maran-atha_a 1_o cor._n xuj_o 22._o for_o maran_n signify_v a_o lord_n in_o that_o language_n and_o thence_o they_o call_v our_o saviour_n marani_n from_o which_o appellation_n the_o syrian_a christian_n be_v yet_o call_v maronites_n and_o some_o think_v s._n paul_n allude_v to_o this_o where_o he_o speak_v of_o wilful_a apostate_n and_o say_v nothing_o remain_v for_o they_o but_o a_o certain_a fearful_a look_v for_o of_o judgement_n hebr._n x._o 27._o yea_o some_o learned_a
speak_v of_o his_o apostle_n determine_v in_o the_o school_n or_o solve_v case_n of_o conscience_n but_o of_o the_o power_n they_o shall_v have_v to_o punish_v contumacious_a offender_n and_o injurious_a person_n and_o though_o mr._n selden_n object_n it_o be_v not_o whosoever_o you_o shall_v bind_v but_o whatsoever_o yet_o he_o answer_v himself_o say_v that_o it_o be_v true_a person_n may_v be_v signify_v by_o the_o neuter_n gender_n pag._n 159._o final_o for_o his_o fancy_n that_o the_o force_n of_o excommunication_n depend_v on_o private_a pact_n among_o the_o christian_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o murderer_n and_o adulterer_n perjure_a person_n and_o apostate_n will_v have_v scruple_v break_v these_o part_n or_o have_v be_v so_o terrify_v and_o deject_v by_o a_o excommunication_n if_o it_o have_v only_o rely_v on_o their_o own_o promise_n to_o obey_v it_o i_o grant_v indeed_o the_o christian_n do_v vow_n in_o baptism_n and_o the_o eucharist_n to_o observe_v christ_n command_n and_o submit_v to_o his_o injunction_n among_o which_o doubtless_o they_o reckon_v this_o so_o much_o reverence_v discipline_n to_o which_o they_o be_v subject_a for_o that_o they_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v exercise_v in_o christ_n name_n and_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o authority_n we_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o mr._n selden_n have_v gain_v nothing_o by_o this_o prolix_a excursion_n but_o only_o to_o convince_v we_o that_o he_o wish_v excommunication_n be_v not_o of_o divine_a right_n though_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o prove_v it_o and_o no_o question_n we_o be_v much_o safe_a in_o believe_v with_o those_o holy_a primitive_a bishop_n who_o may_v know_v the_o mind_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o apostle_n much_o better_o than_o our_o modern_a critic_n and_o who_o be_v more_o likely_a to_o tell_v we_o the_o truth_n than_o those_o who_o espouse_v a_o party_n and_o serve_v end_n of_o revenge_n for_o censure_n not_o undeserved_o lay_v upon_o they_o §_o iii_o our_o next_o enquiry_n as_o to_o practice_n be_v whether_o this_o rite_n of_o excommunication_n be_v use_v and_o believe_v of_o divine_a right_n after_o the_o empire_n become_v christian_n and_o this_o we_o must_v do_v the_o more_o large_o to_o confute_v the_o error_n of_o erastus_n espouse_v also_o by_o mr._n selden_n who_o attempt_v to_o prove_v that_o in_o a_o christian_a state_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o power_n of_o excommunication_n in_o the_o churchman_n because_o the_o magistrate_n now_o may_v punish_v all_o crime_n and_o that_o it_o be_v only_o for_o want_n of_o this_o blessing_n of_o christian_a magistrate_n which_o force_v the_o primitive_a bishop_n to_o use_v excommunication_n to_o which_o mr._n selden_n add_v that_o after_o the_o empire_n become_v christian_n the_o bishop_n derive_v their_o power_n to_o excommunicate_v from_o the_o prince_n grant_n there_o be_v no_o better_a way_n to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n herein_o than_o to_o consult_v the_o record_n of_o those_o age_n and_o to_o inquire_v into_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o most_o eminent_a father_n after_o constantine_n time_n and_o into_o the_o practice_n of_o those_o age_n which_o retain_v the_o primitive_a purity_n and_o though_o we_o can_v bring_v in_o all_o thing_n of_o this_o kind_n between_o the_o year_n 300._o and_o 500_o for_o that_o will_v be_v to_o write_v a_o church_n history_n not_o a_o discourse_n upon_o one_o single_a point_n yet_o we_o will_v remark_n that_o which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o baffle_v this_o modern_a and_o ill_a ground_a conceit_n and_o first_o whereas_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o bishop_n do_v excommunicate_a in_o constantine_n time_n yet_o no_o writer_n of_o that_o age_n do_v affirm_v they_o do_v it_o by_o any_o power_n from_o the_o emperor_n and_o mr._n selden_n out_o of_o his_o vast_a stock_n of_o read_v at_o this_o dead_a lift_n can_v not_o bring_v one_o single_a memorial_n of_o the_o emperor_n give_v the_o bishop_n a_o power_n to_o excommunicate_v in_o all_o this_o period_n of_o time_n it_o be_v true_a these_o first_o christian_a emperor_n and_o constantine_n particular_o do_v ordain_v that_o if_o any_o litigant_n desire_v to_o have_v their_o cause_n try_v before_o the_o bishop_n they_o may_v leave_v the_o secular_a tribunal_n and_o that_o the_o bishop_n sentence_n shall_v be_v firm_a and_o of_o more_o authority_n than_o those_o of_o other_o judge_n yea_o as_o valid_a as_o if_o they_o be_v deliver_v by_o the_o emperor_n himself_o as_o also_o that_o the_o magistrate_n and_o their_o officer_n shall_v execute_v their_o sentence_n and_o that_o the_o decree_n of_o their_o council_n shall_v be_v valid_a fine_a valid_a sozomen_n hist_o eccles_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 9_o p._n 206._o circa_n an._n 314._o vide_fw-la cod._n theodos_fw-la l._n 16._o tit._n 2._o in_o fine_a which_o law_n do_v indeed_o give_v they_o a_o new_a power_n not_o grant_v by_o christ_n but_o never_o mention_n excommunication_n yea_o it_o ordain_v that_o these_o sentence_n shall_v be_v execute_v by_o another_o method_n even_o by_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n and_o his_o officer_n mr._n selden_n indeed_o produce_v another_o law_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o repeal_n of_o this_o in_o the_o time_n of_o valens_n gratian_n and_o valentinian_n ann._n 376._o above_o 60._o year_n after_o but_o that_o law_n seem_v to_o except_v only_o criminal_a action_n from_o the_o bishop_n cognizance_n 187._o cognizance_n vid._n seld._n synedr_n l._n 1._o cap._n 10._o p._n 187._o and_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o complaint_n of_o the_o good_a bishop_n in_o that_o age_n who_o be_v burden_a with_o divers_a civil_a cause_n or_o look_v upon_o those_o law_n of_o arcadius_n and_o honorius_n 408._o honorius_n cod._n justin_n lib._n 1._o tit._n 4._o the_o epist_n aud._n l._n 7._o an._n 398._o &_o l._n 8._o an._n 408._o and_o of_o honorius_n and_o theodosius_n which_o allow_v man_n to_o choose_v bishop_n for_o decide_v their_o civil_a cause_n and_o declare_v their_o sentence_n to_o be_v firm_a and_o valid_a we_o shall_v easy_o perceive_v that_o constantine_n law_n be_v never_o repeal_v nor_o this_o practice_n difuse_v but_o this_o do_v not_o at_o all_o belong_v to_o excommunication_n which_o power_n the_o bishop_n exercise_v by_o the_o virtue_n of_o christ_n commission_n in_o case_n of_o heresy_n and_o scandal_n and_o that_o not_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o party_n as_o they_o do_v this_o power_n of_o decision_n of_o civil_a cause_n so_o that_o mr._n selden_n ought_v not_o to_o make_v excommunication_n depend_v on_o these_o grant_n for_o the_o emperor_n authority_n do_v not_o precede_v but_o follow_v the_o bishop_n act_n in_o excommunication_n so_o that_o if_o the_o person_n censure_v prove_v obstinate_a or_o troublesome_a he_o be_v banish_v or_o imprison_v by_o the_o imperial_a power_n as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o arian_n who_o be_v excommunicate_v by_o the_o first_o general_n council_n of_o nice_a and_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n do_v ordain_v that_o those_o who_o submit_v not_o to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o council_n shall_v be_v banish_v 221._o banish_v sozom_o eccles_n hist_o lib._n 1._o cap._n 19_o p._n 221._o and_o that_o the_o bishop_n do_v exercise_v this_o power_n in_o their_o own_o right_n as_o derive_v from_o christ_n be_v manifest_a from_o the_o whole_a history_n of_o that_o age_n arius_n himself_o and_o all_o his_o associate_n be_v excommunicate_v at_o alexandria_n first_o by_o peter_n and_o then_o by_o alexander_n the_o bishop_n of_o that_o city_n 215._o city_n idem_fw-la ibid._n cap._n 14._o p._n 215._o before_o any_o application_n be_v make_v to_o the_o emperor_n and_o before_o the_o nicene_n council_n be_v call_v and_o that_o most_o famous_a council_n in_o almost_o every_o canon_n suppose_v the_o bishop_n to_o be_v the_o judge_n of_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v keep_v out_o and_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v let_v into_o the_o church_n and_o those_o holy_a father_n do_v decree_n concern_v penitent_n and_o lapse_v person_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a usage_n of_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n under_o heathen_a emperor_n without_o any_o alteration_n make_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o constantine_n be_v a_o christian_n make_v the_o bishop_n the_o sole_a judge_n of_o the_o time_n of_o exclude_v these_o offender_n from_o communion_n in_o sacred_a office_n to_o this_o we_o may_v add_v that_o accurate_a scheme_n of_o the_o admirable_a discipline_n of_o these_o primitive_a age_n which_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o canonical_a epistle_n of_o gregory_n thaumaturgus_n s._n basil_n and_o other_o of_o the_o primitive_a bishop_n by_o which_o we_o see_v that_o such_o as_o be_v first_o excommunicate_v by_o the_o bishop_n for_o fornication_n adultery_n murder_n perjury_n apostasy_n and_o other_o crime_n 72._o crime_n vid._n leonem_fw-la allatium_fw-la de_fw-la narthece_n vet._n eccl._n §._o 19_o p._n 94._o et_fw-la bevereg_n not._n ad_fw-la can._n xi_o
christianity_n an._n 862._o capit_fw-la car._n calv._n cap._n 4_o 5._o so_o that_o still_o the_o bishop_n exercise_v his_o spiritual_a jurisdiction_n by_o the_o power_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o god_n and_o lest_o any_o shall_v despise_v this_o as_o be_v a_o spiritual_a penalty_n the_o secular_a law_n of_o these_o pious_a prince_n do_v inflict_v outward_a punishment_n on_o such_o imprisonment_n banishment_n confiscation_n of_o their_o good_n and_o death_n itself_o and_o now_o when_o by_o these_o secular_a penalty_n annex_v excommunication_n be_v become_v so_o terrible_a and_o so_o grievous_a not_o only_o to_o the_o soul_n by_o christ_n ordinance_n but_o to_o man_n outward_a condition_n by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o these_o prince_n do_v revive_v those_o old_a canon_n which_o forbid_v the_o bishop_n rash_o to_o excommunicate_v for_o it_o be_v so_o great_a a_o temporal_a damage_n to_o their_o subject_n that_o they_o be_v now_o concern_v to_o see_v that_o the_o bishop_n do_v use_v their_o power_n only_o in_o just_a and_o weighty_a cause_n and_o hence_o we_o find_v those_o law_n make_v that_o excommunication_n shall_v not_o be_v issue_v out_o rash_o and_o without_o cause_n 136._o cause_n an._n 803._o cap._n 2._o &_o capit._n lib._n 1._o cap._n 136._o and_o that_o no_o bishop_n or_o priest_n shall_v excommunicate_v any_o till_o the_o cause_n be_v prove_v sufficient_a by_o the_o canon_n and_o till_o the_o offender_n either_o confess_v or_o be_v convict_v and_o according_a to_o the_o gospel_n precept_n have_v be_v warn_v to_o repent_v and_o amend_v but_o if_o after_o all_o this_o he_o despise_v the_o church_n censure_n the_o bishop_n shall_v then_o desire_v the_o royal_a power_n to_o compel_v he_o to_o submit_v etc._n etc._n 213._o etc._n an._n 858._o capit._fw-la tom._n ii_o pag._n 115._o &_o ibidem_fw-la anno_fw-la 869._o cap._n 10._o pag._n 213._o and_o again_o no_o bishop_n shall_v excommunicate_v any_o person_n without_o a_o certain_a and_o manifest_a cause_n but_o the_o anathema_n shall_v not_o be_v pronounce_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o archbishop_n and_o fellow_n bishop_n after_o the_o evangelical_n admonition_n and_o for_o some_o cause_n allow_v by_o the_o canon_n because_o the_o anathema_n be_v a_o condemn_v to_o eternal_a death_n and_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v inflict_v but_o for_o mortal_a sin_n and_o on_o incorrigible_a offender_n 36._o offender_n an._n 846._o cap._n carol._n calv._n cap._n 46._o tom._n ii_o pag._n 36._o in_o which_o law_n those_o prince_n do_v not_o take_v upon_o they_o arbitrary_o to_o limit_v restrain_v or_o direct_v the_o power_n of_o excommunication_n as_o if_o their_o bishop_n have_v that_o power_n from_o they_o and_o not_o from_o christ_n only_o they_o take_v care_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o use_v that_o power_n which_o christ_n have_v trust_v they_o with_o otherwise_o than_o according_a to_o the_o direction_n which_o scripture_n and_o the_o old_a canon_n have_v give_v for_o the_o more_o orderly_a exercise_n thereof_o and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o abuse_v their_o power_n now_o amplify_v by_o temporal_a accession_n to_o the_o damage_n of_o private_a subject_n or_o to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o this_o these_o christian_a prince_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v by_o their_o office_n and_o they_o do_v it_o without_o infringe_v the_o bishop_n divine_a right_n at_o all_o for_o though_o a_o parent_n by_o divine_a right_n have_v power_n over_o his_o child_n yet_o without_o take_v away_o that_o right_o the_o state_n may_v direct_v parent_n how_o to_o manage_v that_o power_n and_o beside_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o none_o of_o the_o prince_n do_v ever_o pretend_v either_o to_o grant_v the_o bishop_n this_o power_n or_o whole_o to_o forbid_v they_o to_o exercise_v it_o only_o they_o direct_v they_o to_o manage_v it_o wary_o and_o wise_o and_o as_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v manage_v it_o if_o no_o such_o rule_n have_v be_v give_v they_o and_o thus_o mr._n selden'_v great_a argument_n take_v from_o these_o law_n as_o if_o they_o prove_v the_o power_n of_o excommunication_n to_o be_v in_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n fall_v to_o the_o ground_n §_o v._o against_o this_o full_a and_o clear_a evidence_n i_o know_v none_o that_o have_v raise_v any_o considerable_a objection_n but_o only_o the_o learned_a selden_n who_o have_v turn_v over_o all_o his_o author_n and_o record_n with_o great_a diligence_n to_o pick_v up_o something_o to_o oppose_v this_o ancient_a and_o almost_o universal_a opinion_n who_o instance_n when_o i_o have_v examine_v and_o answer_v i_o need_v not_o fear_v any_o great_a matter_n out_o of_o antiquity_n because_o he_o have_v a_o personal_a quarrel_n to_o the_o position_n i_o maintain_v and_o a_o vast_a stock_n of_o learning_n to_o enable_v he_o to_o manage_v it_o to_o the_o best_a advantage_n his_o objection_n be_v not_o put_v into_o any_o method_n but_o i_o shall_v collect_v they_o into_o the_o best_a order_n i_o can_v and_o with_o all_o due_a respect_n to_o so_o great_a a_o antiquary_n unfortunate_a only_o in_o the_o cause_n he_o undertake_v i_o shall_v consider_v they_o first_o he_o pretend_v that_o constantine_n do_v absolve_v eusebius_n of_o nicomedia_n and_o theognis_n of_o nice_a two_o arrian_n bishop_n who_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a have_v excommunicate_v and_o this_o he_o will_v prove_v by_o the_o phrase_n of_o a_o arabic_a historian_n who_o live_v long_o after_o this_o time_n 188._o time_n seld_o syne_v l._n i._o cap._n 10._o p._n 187_o 188._o but_o sozomen_n a_o more_o authentic_a author_n give_v we_o a_o copy_n of_o their_o petition_n or_o recantation_n offer_v to_o the_o bishop_n in_o the_o end_n of_o which_o they_o desire_v upon_o their_o repentance_n that_o these_o bishop_n will_v put_v the_o emperor_n in_o mind_n of_o they_o and_o let_v he_o know_v their_o intention_n and_o that_o they_o will_v please_v speedy_o to_o determine_v what_o they_o shall_v think_v expedient_a concern_v they_o 242._o they_o sozem._n histor_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 15._o p._n 242._o so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o bishop_n alone_a who_o can_v absolve_v they_o from_o the_o excommunication_n only_o since_o they_o be_v banish_v by_o the_o emperor_n authority_n he_o be_v to_o be_v request_v to_o take_v off_o that_o penalty_n which_o he_o lay_v on_o and_o to_o let_v they_o return_v to_o their_o church_n when_o the_o bishop_n have_v accept_v their_o repentance_n and_o take_v off_o the_o ecclesastical_a censure_n second_o he_o take_v much_o pain_n to_o prove_v the_o christian_a emperor_n from_o constantine_n time_n till_o gratian'ss_n viz._n for_o about_o 60_o year_n have_v the_o title_n and_o office_n of_o pontifices_fw-la maximi_fw-la and_o the_o supreme_a power_n in_o matter_n relate_v to_o religion_n and_o consequent_o he_o suppose_v the_o bishop_n must_v excommunicate_v by_o delegation_n from_o the_o emperor_n 188._o emperor_n seld._n ibid._n p._n 178._o ad_fw-la p._n 188._o for_o the_o title_n i_o shall_v easy_o grant_v that_o they_o bear_v it_o but_o his_o inference_n from_o it_o i_o must_v utter_o deny_v since_o there_o be_v not_o in_o all_o mr._n selden'_v read_v one_o line_n produce_v out_o of_o antiquity_n to_o show_v that_o the_o emperor_n do_v delegate_v this_o power_n to_o the_o bishop_n no_o edict_n no_o law_n nor_o rescript_n no_o historian_n ever_o mention_v such_o a_o thing_n no_o council_n no_o bishop_n be_v ever_o so_o grateful_a as_o to_o own_o this_o great_a favour_n so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o mere_a chimaera_n the_o bishop_n do_v excommunicate_a before_o constantine_n government_n and_o under_o it_o and_o after_o it_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o as_o have_v be_v show_v even_o then_o declare_v their_o power_n be_v from_o god_n it_o be_v true_a the_o admit_v they_o to_o sit_v as_o judge_n in_o temporal_a cause_n be_v by_o delegate_v power_n from_o the_o emperor_n and_o therefore_o mr._n selden_n have_v produce_v many_o rescript_n to_o grant_v they_o that_o power_n but_o not_o one_o can_v he_o or_o any_o man_n â—â—se_n find_v wherein_o the_o emperor_n give_v they_o power_n to_o excommunicate_v wherefore_o they_o have_v that_o power_n by_o a_o commission_n from_o christ_n three_o he_o mention_n those_o phrase_n in_o the_o imperial_a law_n wherein_o the_o heretic_n who_o deny_v the_o nicene_n faith_n be_v to_o be_v drive_v and_o remove_v from_o the_o threshold_n of_o all_o church_n and_o not_o to_o be_v permit_v to_o meet_v in_o any_o church_n to_o be_v forbid_v the_o communion_n of_o saint_n and_o exclude_v the_o public_a meeting_n etc._n etc._n 172._o etc._n seld._n synedr_n l._n i._o cap._n 10._o p._n 172._o which_o he_o will_v have_v to_o signify_v a_o imperial_a excommunication_n but_o the_o intelligent_a reader_n know_v that_o the_o bishop_n in_o council_n have_v first_o decree_v this_o excommunication_n and_o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o express_a divine_a precept_n titus_n