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A61429 Important questions of state, law, justice and prudence both civil and religious, upon the late revolutions and present state of these nations / by Socrates Christianus. Stephens, Edward, d. 1706. 1689 (1689) Wing S5427; ESTC R228417 11,035 16

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his own Children that so he might have a pretended Successor to be Educated in the Popish Religion and in time to perfect the Work he had begun or as is believed by some to baffle all hopes of a Protestant Successor for the present and in due time to set up one of his Natural Sons of his own Religion And whereas when many Lords both Spiritual and Temporal Gentlemen and others of all Ranks observing these things and well considering the great and apparent Danger that these Nations were by these means brought into had as the only Remedy under God craved aid of His Highness the Prince of Orange whose interest and concern in these matters as well as Affection to these Nations and to the Protestant Religion did both qualifie and oblige him to interpose and the Prince thereupon coming in with a Competent Army had in a Declaration set out these and the like matters as the cause of his coming and referred all to the Determination of a Free Parliament the Nobility and Gentry and others dayly resorting to him and engaging in an Association with him for the Defence of the Protestant Religion the Antient Government Laws and Liberties of these Nations and great parts of the Armly daily revolting to them the said King James was pleased at first so far to comply with these reasonable Demands as to order Writs for Elections to be Sealed and yet not long after whether through his Conscience of the Illegality of his Actions not able to endure the Examination of these matters or through the instigations of his wicked Counsellours or both caused most of the said Writs to be burnt conveyed away the great Seal the Pretended Prince of Wales the Queen and divers of the Conspirators in that Intrigue and accessories thereunto to prevent as is believed their cross Examination and further discovery of the whole Contrivance and of the rest of the Persons concerned in it and at last departed himself beyond the Seas deserting these Kingdoms and the Government thereof All this being not only true but notorious matter of Fact so that the Relation of it needs neither Apology nor Proof there arise thereupon several QUESTIONS which may concern the whole Nation and all Persons therein who have any regard to the due discharge of their Duty well to consider and in order thereunto I. Questions of State concerning the Constitution of the English Government 1. WHether by the Sacred Scriptures or any Positive Law of God there be any Particular Form of Government prescribed for the several Nations of the World or all be left at liberty to constitute any such just form of Goverment as to them shall seem most convenient And all Persons as strictly obliged to the just and reasonable Observance of those Publick Pacts and Constitutions whereby their several Governments are formed as of any private Pacts whatsoever and all again at full Liberty to use all just and reasonable means for the preservation thereof 2. Whether by THE CONSTITUTION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF ENGLAND in Legislation or making of Laws the Jus Regiae Potestatis or Regal Power be more than one third part of the Kings Negative Voice comprehend any thing more than what each of the Houses have And therefore his assuming as his Prerogative of what belongs to the whole be not an Invading of the Rights both of the Lords and of the Commons and within the sixth Case of Hugo Grotius 1. de Jure belli c. 4. § 13. wherein just force may be used against the Invador 3. Whether by the Constitution of the Government of England for the ordinary Administration of Justice there be not certain Courts and Offices appointed whose Authority the King can neither enlarge nor abridge as in each County the Hundred Courts once in three Weeks the County Court once in a Month the Courts at Westminster once in a Quarter or four times in a Year the Circuits twice in the Year and for Extraordinary Matters by the Common Law and Statutes yet in force and unrepealed ths Parliament once in the Year at least So that the Regal Right in this respect extends little farther than first to the choice of the Persons and secondly that the Commission and all Process be made in his Name as the Supreme in the Government and for the greater Honour and Majesty of the King and Kingdom 4. Whether by the Constitution of the English Government in all Ordinary matters between the King and the Subjects the Ordinary Courts of Justice at Westminster have not Jurisdiction and the Judges of these Courts be not the proper Legal Judges who may and ought to judge and determine according to the Law of the Kings Right and Actions and of the Validity thereof and to order equal Right to be done to the Subjects as well as to the King Himself 5. Whether by the Constitution of the Government of England in all Extraordinary Matters the High Court of Parliament be not the Supream Judicature and may not of themselves without the King both Judge and Correct the Errors and Misdemeanours of the Judges and great Officers of the Nation and moreover enquire into the Actions of the King Himself so far as they concern the Publick State of the Nation and if they see cause both judge and declare them to be publick Grievances and contrary to Law and also demand Redress by Petition and also in cases of great Importance and Necessity when the Constitution and publick State of the Nation is in danger by Force and Arms And whether this Right doth not remain in the Lords and Commons of this Nation in such Case if the King refuse to call a Parliament there being then no Superiour Authority or other means to determine the matter between them when the very damental Laws and Constitution are in Question Indeed it is plain in the Frame and Composure of the Government it self and in the Actions of our most Antient and Succeeding Parliaments and confirmed by the Polititie of those People from whom they did descend that out Wise Ancestors in the Constitution of this Government did particularly intend and take care of two things The one to give all the Honour and Majesty that could be to the King for the greater Honour and Advantage to the Nation abroad The other to retain all the Power that might be to themselves for the greater Security and Benefit of the Publick at Home And therefore when they had limited and confined his Power as much as was thought convenient they invested him with the rest not as a Right which he might dispose of or use as he pleased but as a Trust the management whereof they would inspect and consider and for that end as well as to inspect the Actions of inferiour Officers supply Defects c. did think fit to have frequent Conventions or Parliaments So that his Right hath a great and weighty Duty if not a Condition in Law as they call it essentially annexed to it
and deceitful in matters of Policy hath not just cause to suspect that it may be so also in matters of Religion and thereupon now at his Leisure to retire into some convenient place of Freedom and there to take a farther and impartial Examination whether it be not so indeed This may possibly be done effectually by well weighing but of two Considerations of great Importance and yet of no great Intricacy the one concerning the Head of their Church the other concerning the Body of their Religion and the nature and Tendency of it compared with the nature and Tendency of the Genuine Christian Religion First Whether all that special Authority and Power which the Bishops of Rome have so long claimed and exercised as peculiar to themselves and derived from Christ by St. Peter be not a gross Imposture As it needs must be if either no special Authority was ever either given or promised by Christ to St. Peter or exercised or claimed by him more than what was given by Christ to all his Apostles John 20.19 23. Mark 16.15 or exercised by them or no special Authority was ever conveyed by St. Peter to the Church or Bishops of Rome more than to any other Church or Bishop which he Founded and Instituted And besides their defect of Proof which lyeth upon them to make out in the one from the Scripture and in the other from good Authority there are two things of great weight against them First That the ancient Bishops of Rome claimed no special Authority peculiar to themselves but by other and inferiour Title and what was much less than they now claim Secondly That there was very gross Imposture and Forgery used for the introducing and promoting of this pretended Authority And if this Pillar of their Church fall the other their pretended Infallibility must by consequence fall with it And of this Subject may be Read Dr. Barrow of the Supremacy with Dr. Cave of the ancient Government of the Church Secondly Whether all that which is properly called Popery be not such another Corruption of the genuine Christian Religion by humane inventions influenced by the subtilty of Satan as was that of the Law of Moses by the Scribes and Pharisees at the time of the coming of our Saviour and directly tending to oppose enervate and affront the same This may easily be perceived by comparing the essential parts of the Christian Religion with the opposite Corruptions of Popery and the Tendency of each As 1. The Example of the Heads Christ and his Apostles with that of the Pope and his Cardinals 2. The Doctrine 3. The Worship 4. The Discipline 5. The Means of Propagation c. And to this purpose may be read Dr. Moor's Mystery of Iniquity and a little Tract call'd the Mystery of Iniquity Unvailed Written by Mr. Allen but Printed without his Name 2. Whether if upon such farther Examination it should please God to open his Eyes and give him a clear sight of his Errors and of the Evils he hath committed as well as those he hath brought upon himself it will not be his Duty and his Wisdom immediately thereupon to apply himself to do the part of a true Penitent indeed to humble himself give Glory to God by Confessing and Lamenting his Sins acknowledging the Justice of his Judgments and accepting his Punishment be content with a retired penitent Life and thereby as a part of Restitution endeavour the Peace of these Nations which he hath so much disturbed not giving any farther disturbance himself or encouraging any discontented erson but abandoning all Colour and pretence for any such Matter This would certainly prove his direct way to Happiness hereafter and possibly to greater Happiness even here than he could ever have enjoyed amidst the Distractions of the Government of three Kingdoms And all real Happiness I heartily wish him both here and hereafter 3. Whether it may not be fit notwithstanding he may not be further trusted with the Government of these Nations upon the Consideration of Humanity to treat him with Pity Civility and Respect and a Competent Annual Allowance yet such as may not by good Husbandry become in time a means of New Disturbance and upon Condition that he do peaceably retire to some remote parts as Italy or the like and continue there or at that distance without further trouble to these Nations or himself FINIS