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cause_n great_a king_n law_n 4,029 5 4.5431 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A17946 The historie of Cambria, now called Wales: a part of the most famous yland of Brytaine, written in the Brytish language aboue two hundreth yeares past: translated into English by H. Lhoyd Gentleman: corrected, augmented, and continued out of records and best approoued authors, by Dauid Powel Doctor in diuinitie Caradoc, of Llancarvan, d. 1147?; Powell, David, 1552?-1598.; Llwyd, Humphrey, 1527-1568.; Price, John, Sir, 1502?-1555. 1584 (1584) STC 4606; ESTC S121940 250,742 447

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her_o decease_n appertein_v to_o david_n by_o force_n of_o the_o foresay_a grant_n which_o town_n yet_o the_o king_n take_v from_o he_o contrary_a to_o his_o letter_n patent_n 2_o item_n when_o the_o say_v david_n do_v hold_v of_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n the_o village_n of_o hope_n and_o eston_n in_o wales_n of_o the_o which_o he_o ought_v to_o answer_v no_o man_n but_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n yet_o the_o justice_n of_o chester_n cause_v the_o say_a david_n to_o be_v call_v to_o chester_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o one_o william_n vanable_a a_o english_a man_n to_o answer_v for_o the_o title_n of_o the_o say_a village_n and_o although_o the_o say_v david_n do_v often_o &_o instant_o desire_v he_o the_o say_a justice_n not_o to_o proceed_v against_o he_o iniuriouslie_o in_o the_o county_n of_o chester_n where_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o answer_v by_o the_o form_n of_o the_o peace_n yet_o he_o plain_o deny_v he_o to_o be_v judge_v either_o in_o wales_n or_o after_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n 3_o item_n the_o say_a justice_n of_o chester_n to_o the_o injury_n of_o the_o say_v david_n do_v cut_v down_o his_o wood_n of_o lhyweny_n and_o his_o wood_n at_o hope_n as_o well_o by_o the_o dweller_n of_o ruthlan_n as_o other_o and_o yet_o the_o say_a justice_n have_v no_o jurisdiction_n in_o those_o part_n and_o not_o be_v content_v to_o get_v timber_n there_o for_o building_n as_o well_o for_o ruthlan_n as_o other_o place_n in_o the_o country_n but_o also_o destroy_v the_o say_v wood_n sell_v it_o and_o carry_v it_o into_o ireland_n 4_o item_n where_o the_o say_v david_n take_v certain_a outlaw_n and_o rover_n in_o the_o wood_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v hang_v yet_o the_o say_a justice_n accuse_v david_n to_o the_o king_n for_o succor_v and_o maintain_v the_o thief_n aforesaid_a which_o be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v true_a see_v he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v hang_v 5_o item_n it_o be_v provide_v in_o the_o peace_n that_o all_o welshman_n in_o their_o cause_n shall_v be_v judge_v after_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n this_o be_v in_o no_o point_n observe_v with_o the_o say_v david_n and_o his_o people_n of_o these_o foresay_a gréef_n the_o say_v david_n require_v often_o amends_n either_o according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n or_o of_o special_a favour_n but_o he_o can_v never_o obtain_v any_o of_o they_o both_o at_o his_o hand_n further_o the_o say_a david_n be_v warn_v in_o the_o king_n court_n that_o assoon_o as_o reginald_n grace_n shall_v come_v from_o the_o court_n the_o say_a david_n shall_v be_v take_v and_o spoil_v of_o his_o castle_n of_o hope_n his_o wood_n shall_v be_v cut_v down_o and_o his_o child_n take_v for_o pledge_n who_o see_v he_o have_v take_v much_o pain_n and_o peril_n for_o the_o king_n in_o all_o his_o war_n as_o well_o himself_o as_o his_o people_n both_o in_o england_n and_o in_o wales_n and_o have_v lose_v thereby_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o his_o country_n and_o yet_o nevertheless_o can_v obtain_v neither_o justice_n amends_n nor_o favour_n at_o his_o hand_n have_v such_o great_a wrong_n offer_v unto_o he_o and_o fear_v his_o own_o life_n and_o his_o child_n or_o else_o perpetual_a prison_n be_v enforce_v as_o it_o be_v against_o his_o will_n begin_v to_o defend_v himself_o and_o his_o people_n grief_n and_o injury_n offer_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o officer_n to_o the_o man_n of_o ros._n this_o be_v the_o form_n of_o peace_n which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v promise_v the_o man_n of_o ros_n before_o they_o do_v he_o homage_n which_o he_o promise_v they_o to_o observe_v inviolablie_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o king_n shall_v grant_v to_o every_o of_o they_o their_o right_n and_o jurisdiction_n as_o they_o have_v in_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n according_a as_o the_o say_a man_n do_v report_v that_o they_o have_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n 2_o item_n the_o lord_n the_o king_n do_v promise_v the_o say_a man_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v justice_n in_o their_o suit_n after_o grant_v of_o the_o which_o article_n the_o say_a man_n do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n and_o then_o the_o king_n promise_v they_o with_o his_o own_o mouth_n faithful_o to_o observe_v the_o say_v article_n this_o notwithstanding_o a_o certain_a noble_a man_n pass_v by_o the_o king_n high_a way_n with_o his_o wife_n in_o the_o king_n peace_n meet_v certain_a english_a laborer_n and_o mason_n go_v to_o ruthlan_n where_o they_o do_v then_o work_v who_o attempt_v by_o force_n to_o take_v away_o his_o wife_n from_o he_o and_o while_o he_o defend_v she_o as_o well_o as_o he_o can_v one_o of_o they_o kill_v the_o wife_n and_o he_o who_o kill_v she_o with_o his_o fellow_n be_v take_v and_o when_o the_o kindred_n of_o she_o which_o be_v slay_v require_v law_n at_o the_o justice_n of_o chester_n hand_n for_o their_o kinswoman_n they_o be_v put_v in_o prison_n and_o the_o murderer_n be_v deliver_v 3_o item_n a_o certain_a man_n kill_v a_o gentleman_n who_o have_v kill_v the_o son_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi heilyn_n and_o be_v take_v but_o when_o certain_a of_o the_o kindred_n require_v justice_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o chester_n certain_a of_o they_o be_v imprison_v the_o offender_n set_v at_o liberty_n and_o justice_n deny_v to_o the_o kindred_n 4_o item_n certain_a gentleman_n claim_v some_o land_n and_o offer_v the_o king_n a_o great_a piece_n of_o money_n to_o have_v justice_n by_o the_o verdict_n of_o good_a &_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o country_n than_o the_o land_n be_v adjudge_v to_o the_o claimer_n reginald_n grace_n take_v the_o same_o land_n corn_n good_n and_o all_o upon_o the_o ground_n so_o that_o they_o lose_v their_o land_n money_n corn_n and_o cattle_n 5_o item_n it_o be_v our_o right_n that_o no_o stranger_n shall_v cut_v our_o wood_n without_o our_o leave_n yet_o this_o notwithstanding_o there_o be_v a_o proclamation_n at_o ruthlan_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o all_o other_o man_n to_o cut_v down_o our_o wood_n but_o to_o we_o it_o be_v forbid_v 6_o item_n where_o diverse_a honest_a man_n have_v land_n of_o the_o gift_n of_o the_o say_v david_n the_o justice_n take_v the_o say_a man_n land_n away_o 7_o item_n when_o any_o come_v to_o ruthlan_n with_o merchandise_n if_o he_o refuse_v whatsoever_o any_o english_a man_n offer_v he_o be_v forthwith_o send_v to_o the_o castle_n to_o prison_n and_o the_o buier_n have_v the_o thing_n and_o the_o king_n have_v the_o price_n then_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o castle_n first_o spoil_n and_o beat_v the_o party_n and_o then_o cause_v he_o to_o pay_v the_o porter_n and_o let_v he_o go_v 8_o item_n if_o any_o welshman_n buy_v any_o thing_n in_o ruthlan_n and_o any_o english_a man_n do_v meet_v he_o he_o will_v take_v it_o from_o he_o and_o give_v he_o less_o than_o he_o pay_v for_o it_o 9_o item_n the_o king_n contrary_a to_o his_o promise_n make_v to_o the_o man_n of_o ros_n have_v give_v the_o territory_n of_o maynan_n penmayn_n and_o lhysuayn_n 10_o item_n certain_a gentleman_n of_o the_o cantre_v of_o ros_n buy_v certain_a office_n and_o pay_v their_o money_n for_o the_o same_o yet_o the_o justice_n of_o chester_n take_v the_o say_v office_n from_o they_o without_o cause_n 11_o item_n grono_fw-it ap_fw-mi heilyn_n take_v to_o farm_n of_o godfrey_n marliney_n 359._o the_o territory_n of_o maynan_n and_o lhysuayn_n for_o the_o term_n of_o four_o year_n yet_o robert_n de_fw-fr cruquer_n with_o horse_n and_o arm_n and_o four_o and_o twenty_o horseman_n come_v to_o vex_v the_o say_a grono_n so_o that_o he_o have_v no_o safe_a go_v neither_o to_o ruthlan_n nor_o chester_n without_o a_o great_a garrison_n of_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n 12_o item_n certain_a gentleman_n be_v arrest_v for_o trespass_n do_v before_o the_o war_n and_o imprison_v and_o can_v not_o be_v deliver_v until_o they_o have_v pay_v xuj_o mark_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o peace_n conclude_v 13_o item_n our_o cause_n ought_v to_o be_v decide_v after_o the_o custom_n of_o our_o law_n but_o our_o man_n be_v compel_v to_o swear_v against_o their_o conscience_n else_o they_o be_v not_o suffer_v to_o swear_v furthermore_o we_o spend_v three_o hundred_o mark_n in_o go_v to_o the_o king_n for_o justice_n in_o the_o foresay_a article_n and_o when_o we_o beléeve_v to_o recover_v full_a justice_n the_o king_n send_v to_o our_o party_n the_o lord_n reginald_n grace_n to_o who_o the_o king_n have_v set_v all_o the_o land_n to_o farm_n to_o handle_v the_o man_n of_o the_o say_a cantred_n as_o it_o please_v he_o who_o compel_v we_o to_o king_n swear_v in_o his_o name_n whereas_o we_o shall_v swear_v in_o the_o king_n
the_o people_n with_o much_o gladness_n but_o anon_o after_o like_o fickle_a and_o unconstant_a man_n they_o banish_v he_o the_o land_n again_o and_o take_v to_o their_o king_n one_o hircius_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n who_o likewise_o after_o three_o year_n they_o expel_v and_o willing_o submit_v themselves_o to_o edred_n who_o after_o he_o have_v rule_v the_o whole_a land_n eight_o year_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o winchester_n after_o he_o reign_v edwin_n son_n of_o edmund_n in_o who_o time_n chance_v nothing_o worthy_a to_o be_v put_v in_o writing_n but_o that_o he_o marry_v another_o man_n wife_n her_o husband_n be_v alive_a this_o man_n after_o he_o have_v govern_v the_o realm_n four_o year_n die_v leave_v his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o brother_n edgar_n who_o be_v crown_v king_n of_o england_n in_o his_o stead_n in_o the_o year_n 958._o 958_o be_v a_o wonder_a hot_a summer_n when_o gwgan_n the_o son_n of_o gwyriad_n the_o son_n of_o roderike_n die_v after_o the_o which_o heat_n there_o follow_v a_o great_a plague_n in_o march_n follow_v in_o those_o day_n jago_n and_o jevaf_n by_o force_n and_o strength_n rule_v all_o wales_n as_o they_o think_v good_a and_o yet_o for_o all_o their_o power_n abloic_a king_n of_o ireland_n land_v in_o môn_n and_o have_v burn_v holyhe_v spoil_v the_o country_n of_o lhyyn_n in_o the_o year_n 961._o 961_o the_o son_n of_o edwin_n the_o son_n of_o colhoyn_n be_v slay_v after_o they_o have_v destroy_v all_o the_o country_n to_o towyn_n about_o this_o time_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o cadvan_n rytherch_n bishop_n of_o s._n david_n and_o cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi owen_n depart_v out_o of_o this_o transitory_a world_n not_o long_o after_o the_o country_n of_o north-wales_n be_v sore_o spoil_v by_o the_o army_n of_o edgar_n king_n of_o england_n cast._n the_o cause_n of_o this_o war_n be_v the_o non_fw-fr payment_n of_o the_o tribute_n that_o the_o king_n of_o aberffraw_n by_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n be_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n of_o london_n 232._o in_o the_o end_n there_o be_v a_o peace_n conclude_v for_o king_n edgar_n understand_v what_o hurt_v the_o country_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n receive_v daily_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a multitude_n of_o wolf_n that_o then_o abound_v especial_o in_o wales_n which_o destroy_v much_o sheep_n and_o otherwise_o do_v great_a harm_n release_v the_o tribute_n in_o money_n appoint_v by_o the_o say_a law_n of_o howel_n dha_n and_o bind_v the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n to_o pay_v he_o year_o certain_a wolf_n for_o his_o tribute_n and_o so_o to_o be_v release_v of_o that_o other_o tribute_n in_o money_n wales_n which_o the_o say_a prince_n perform_v until_o he_o have_v leave_v never_o a_o wolf_n in_o wales_n or_o england_n in_o the_o year_n 966._o roderike_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o irishman_n 966_o by_o who_o aberfraw_n be_v destroy_v the_o next_o year_n there_o fall_v a_o great_a debate_n betwixt_o the_o two_o son_n of_o edwal_n jago_n and_o jevaf_a which_o have_v rule_v joint_o together_o from_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n dha_n to_o that_o time_n and_o short_o after_o jago_n have_v take_v his_o brother_n jevaf_a by_o force_n very_o cruel_o keep_v he_o in_o prison_n a_o long_a time_n about_o the_o which_o time_n eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o southwales_n wan_a and_o seize_v to_o himself_o the_o land_n of_o gwyr_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 969._o 969_o mactus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o haroald_n with_o a_o army_n of_o dane_n do_v enter_v the_o will_v of_o anglesey_n and_o spoil_v penmon_n these_o dane_n be_v suffer_v by_o edgar_n to_o inhabit_v quiet_o through_o all_o england_n till_o they_o be_v as_o strong_a as_o the_o englishman_n and_o then_o they_o fall_v to_o such_o riotousness_n and_o drink_v that_o much_o mischief_n ensue_v thereof_o whereupon_o edgar_n make_v a_o law_n drink_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v drink_v by_o measure_n and_o cause_v a_o certain_a mark_n to_o be_v set_v in_o every_o pot_n how_o deep_a they_o shall_v drink_v and_o so_o by_o these_o mean_v he_o somewhat_o stay_v that_o immoderate_a ingurgitation_n not_o long_o after_o that_o godfryd_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n do_v subdue_v to_o himself_o the_o whole_a will_v of_o anglesey_n which_o he_o enjoy_v not_o long_o king_n edgar_z likewise_o in_o the_o year_n 972._o 972_o do_v send_v a_o great_a navy_n to_o caerlheon_n upon_o vsc_n which_o short_o turn_v back_o fabia●_n without_o do_v any_o notable_a act_n the_o next_o year_n follow_v howel_n the_o son_n of_o jevaf_n raise_v a_o great_a power_n against_o his_o uncle_n jago_n for_o the_o deliverance_n of_o his_o father_n out_o of_o prison_n and_o overcome_v his_o uncle_n in_o fight_n who_o he_o chase_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o take_v his_o elder_a uncle_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n and_o put_v out_o both_o his_o eye_n and_o keep_v he_o in_o prison_n where_o he_o die_v short_o after_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n and_o jonaval_n of_o the_o which_o edwal_n come_v afterward_o the_o most_o worthy_a prince_n of_o wales_n howel_n notwithstanding_o he_o have_v set_v his_o father_n at_o liberty_n yet_o take_v upon_o himself_o the_o whole_a rule_n of_o the_o land_n for_o his_o life_n time_n he_o have_v three_o brethren_n all_o man_n of_o great_a estimation_n meyric_n jevaf_n and_o cadwalhon_n who_o life_n shall_v ensue_v hereafter_o howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi howel_n the_o son_n of_o jevaf_n exon._n they_o overranne_n also_o and_o spoil_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o devon_n and_o cornewale_v burn_v the_o town_n of_o bodman_n and_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o s._n petroke_n with_o the_o bishop_n house_n whereupon_o the_o bishop_n sea_n be_v remoove_v from_o thence_o to_o s._n germane_a where_o the_o same_o continue_a until_o the_o remove_n and_o unite_n thereof_o unto_o crediton_n about_o this_o time_n die_v s._n dunstane_n who_o prophesy_v of_o much_o mischief_n and_o great_a destruction_n of_o the_o land_n by_o the_o dane_n the_o year_n 981._o 981_o godfryd_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n do_v gather_v a_o great_a army_n and_o land_v in_o westwales_n where_o spoil_v all_o the_o land_n of_o dyvet_n with_o the_o church_n of_o s._n david_n he_o fight_v the_o battle_n of_o lhanwanoc_n likewise_o in_o the_o year_n next_o ensue_v duke_n alfred_n with_o a_o great_a power_n of_o englishman_n spoil_v and_o destroy_v brechnock_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o southwales_n against_o who_o eneon_n the_o son_n of_o the_o say_v owen_n and_o howel_n king_n of_o north-wales_n do_v raise_v all_o their_o power_n and_o overthrow_v they_o in_o battle_n where_o the_o great_a part_n of_o alfred_n army_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o rest_n put_v to_o flight_n the_o year_n follow_v the_o gentleman_n of_o gwentsland_n rebel_v against_o their_o prince_n and_o cruel_o slay_v eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n which_o come_v thither_o to_o appease_v they_o this_o eneon_n be_v a_o worthy_a and_o noble_a gentleman_n who_o do_v many_o notable_a act_n in_o his_o father_n time_n and_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwin_n and_o theodor_n or_o tewdor_n mawr_z of_o who_o come_v afterward_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n of_o southwales_n in_o the_o year_n 984._o 984_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o jevaf_a king_n of_o wales_n enter_v england_n with_o a_o army_n where_o he_o be_v fight_v withal_o and_o slay_v valiant_o fight_v this_o howel_n have_v no_o son_n but_o his_o brethren_n reign_v in_o his_o place_n cadwalhon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o jevaf_n after_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n his_o brother_n cadwalhon_n the_o second_o son_n of_o jevaf_n take_v in_o hand_n the_o governance_n of_o north-wales_n and_o first_o make_v war_n with_o jonaval_a his_o cousin_n the_o son_n of_o meyric_n and_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o land_n and_o slay_v he_o but_o edwal_n the_o young_a brother_n escape_v away_o privily_o the_o year_n follow_v meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o 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when_o the_o other_o hear_v upon_o their_o promise_n they_o be_v ready_a to_o follow_v &_o so_o make_v ready_a a_o great_a navy_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n tosty_o enter_v humber_n with_o 40._o sail_n but_o earl_n edwin_n meet_v with_o he_o and_o put_v he_o to_o flight_n who_o as_o he_o fail_v towards_o scotland_n meet_v with_o haroald_n king_n of_o norway_n with_o 300._o sail_n come_v towards_o england_n and_o join_v with_o he_o they_o both_o enter_v humber_n and_o have_v land_v their_o army_n they_o come_v to_o york_n where_o both_o earl_n edwin_n &_o marcher_n give_v they_o battle_n upon_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o town_n but_o haroald_n and_o tosty_o bare_a away_o the_o victory_n and_o spoil_v the_o city_n &_o then_o march_v forward_o towards_o stamfordbridge_n where_o haroald_v king_n of_o england_n and_o all_o his_o power_n do_v meet_v with_o they_o and_o after_o a_o long_a fight_n &_o many_o valiant_a act_n achieve_v on_o both_o side_n even_o from_o morning_n till_o noon_n 434._o at_o what_o time_n the_o norway_n begin_v to_o retire_v back_o over_o the_o water_n one_o of_o they_o worthy_a not_o to_o be_v forget_v keep_v the_o passage_n upon_o the_o bridge_n with_o his_o axe_n against_o all_o the_o army_n of_o england_n till_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n and_o slay_v 40._o man_n but_o at_o the_o last_o one_o get_v under_o the_o bridge_n and_o with_o his_o spear_n give_v he_o his_o death_n wound_n through_o the_o bridge_n then_o the_o army_n pass_v over_o the_o bridge_n and_o put_v the_o norway_n to_o flight_n and_o slay_v haroald_n their_o king_n and_o tosty_o where_o not_o one_o man_n escape_v of_o all_o the_o number_n that_o be_v not_o either_o kill_v or_o burn_v then_o haroald_n enter_v york_n with_o great_a joy_n and_o triumph_n &_o as_o he_o sit_v at_o dinner_n there_o come_v a_o post_n who_o tell_v he_o how_o duke_n william_n be_v land_v at_o suwerhide_v and_o have_v fortify_v himself_o with_o a_o trench_n at_o hastings_n with_o which_o tiding_n 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cause_v his_o man_n to_o retire_v as_o if_o they_o flee_v then_o the_o englishman_n follow_v apace_o and_o break_v their_o array_n which_o when_o william_n perceive_v he_o bring_v in_o a_o battle_n of_o fresh_a normanes_n who_o enter_v haroald_n battle_n and_o fight_v so_o sore_o that_o haroald_n be_v hurt_v with_o a_o arrow_n and_o afterward_o slay_v and_o so_o the_o englishman_n leave_v the_o normanes_a both_o the_o field_n and_o the_o victory_n 7._o the_o year_n follow_v william_n pass_v the_o sea_n to_o normandy_n than_o edgar_n edeling_o come_v out_o of_o scotland_n to_o york_n for_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n have_v slay_v robert_n to_o who_o william_n have_v give_v that_o earldom_n and_o 900._o man_n with_o he_o and_o have_v receive_v edgar_n for_o their_o king_n but_o william_n return_v from_o normandy_n destroy_v all_o the_o north_n country_n and_o chase_v edgar_n to_o scotland_n again_o 297._o also_o edrike_v syluaticus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o alfrike_n earl_n of_o mercia_n refuse_v to_o submit_v himself_o as_o other_o have_v do_v when_o he_o see_v that_o the_o king_n be_v depart_v to_o normandy_n rise_v against_o such_o as_o be_v leave_v in_o his_o absence_n to_o keep_v the_o land_n in_o obedience_n whereupon_o those_o that_o lie_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o hereford_n richard_n fitz_fw-fr scrope_n and_o other_o oftentimes_o invade_v his_o land_n and_o waste_v the_o good_n of_o his_o tenant_n but_o as_o often_o as_o they_o come_v against_o he_o they_o always_o lose_v some_o of_o their_o own_o man_n at_o length_n he_o call_v to_o his_o aid_n the_o king_n of_o wales_n blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o hereford_n even_o to_o wye_n bridge_n and_o then_o return_v with_o a_o marvellous_a great_a spoil_n this_o year_n also_o 1068_o be_v 1068._o meredyth_n and_o ithel_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n raise_v a_o great_a power_n against_o blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n king_n of_o north-wales_n and_o meet_v with_o they_o at_o a_o place_n call_v mechain_n where_o after_o long_a fight_n there_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o one_o part_n ithel_n and_o upon_o the_o other_o part_n rywalhon_n and_o meredyth_n put_v to_o flight_n who_o blethyn_n pursue_v so_o straight_o that_o he_o starve_v for_o cold_a and_o hunger_n upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o so_o blethyn_n the_o son_n of_o convyn_n remain_v the_o only_o king_n of_o powy_n and_o north-wales_n about_o this_o time_n swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n and_o osburne_n his_o brother_n 3._o come_v to_o humber_n with_o 300._o sail_n and_o to_o they_o come_v edgar_n edeling_n and_o earl_n waltelfe_n who_o all_o together_o come_v to_o york_n and_o win_v the_o castle_n and_o lay_v that_o winter_n betwixt_o ouse_n and_o trent_n till_o the_o king_n come_v thither_o and_o chase_v the_o dane_n to_o their_o ship_n and_o destroy_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n but_o earl_n waltheof_n he_o receive_v to_o mercy_n at_o this_o time_n caradoc_n son_n to_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi rytherch_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n cause_v a_o great_a number_n of_o frenchman_n for_o so_o the_o british_a book_n call_v the_o normanes_a to_o enter_v southwales_n to_o who_o he_o join_v his_o power_n of_o gwentland_n and_o give_v meredyth_n the_o king_n of_o that_o country_n a_o overthrow_n and_o slay_v he_o upon_o the_o river_n of_o rympyn_n at_o the_o same_o time_n also_o dermot_n maken_v anel_n the_o worthy_a and_o noble_a prince_n that_o ever_o rule_v in_o ireland_n be_v murder_v the_o two_o earl_n edwin_n and_o marcher_n with_o hereward_n gather_v a_o army_n against_o the_o king_n paris_n but_o edwin_n be_v slay_v of_o his_o own_o people_n and_o the_o other_o take_v the_o will_v of_o elie_n which_o the_o king_n so_o sore_o besiege_v that_o he_o short_o take_v marcher_n and_o his_o complice_n but_o hereward_n escape_v his_o hand_n manful_o 4._o who_o the_o king_n follow_v to_o scotland_n &_o make_v malcolme_n king_n of_o the_o land_n his_o subject_n and_o vassal_n then_o after_o the_o king_n pass_v to_o normandy_n and_o receive_v edgar_n edel_v to_o his_o mercy_n and_o about_o this_o time_n the_o normanes_n do_v lead_v a_o great_a power_n to_o westwales_n by_o sea_n and_o destroy_v dyvet_n and_o the_o country_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o carry_v away_o much_o spoil_v and_o do_v so_o likewise_o the_o year_n follow_v bleythyd_n bishop_n of_o menevia_fw-la or_o s._n david_n die_v at_o this_o time_n and_o sulien_n be_v bishop_n in_o his_o place_n 11._o not_o long_o after_o this_o time_n radulph_n earl_n of_o eastangle_v conspire_v against_o the_o king_n with_o roger_n earl_n of_o hereford_n &_o earl_n waltheof_n &_o at_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o say_v radulph_n with_o roger_n sister_n in_o essex_n the_o matter_n be_v open_v but_o it_o please_v not_o the_o rest_n therefore_o radulph_n take_v ship_v in_o norwich_n &_o flee_v to_o denmark_n and_o the_o king_n sudden_o come_v overtake_v waltheof_n and_o roger_n of_o who_o waltheof_n be_v behead_v &_o roger_n commit_v to_o prison_n &_o the_o people_n all_o slay_v among_o who_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o welshman_n 6._o this_o radulphs_n mother_n come_v out_o of_o wales_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o welshman_n being_n there_o for_o radulph_n send_v for_o many_o of_o his_o mother_n friend_n and_o kinsman_n to_o come_v to_o this_o marriage_n meaning_n through_o their_o aid_n and_o procurement_n to_o get_v the_o prince_n and_o people_n of_o wales_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o this_o enterprise_n he_o also_o and_o his_o complice_n send_v to_o cnute_n king_n of_o denmark_n promise_v he_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n to_o aid_v he_o against_o william_n the_o bastard_n but_o william_n be_v advertise_v of_o all_o these_o thing_n overthrow_v all_o their_o devise_n for_o by_o his_o sudden_a come_n upon_o they_o out_o of_o normandy_n he_o
the_o castle_n of_o richard_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mare_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o dinerth_n and_o caerwedros_n &_o return_v home_o with_o much_o honour_n afterward_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o same_o year_n they_o return_v again_o with_o 6000._o footman_n 188._o and_o 2000_o horseman_n well_o arm_v and_o to_o they_o come_v gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n &_o howel_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n of_o brechnoke_n and_o his_o son_n &_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi ednerth_n who_o subdue_v the_o whole_a country_n to_o aberteivi_n place_v again_o the_o old_a inhabitant_n and_o chase_v away_o the_o stranger_n against_o they_o come_v stephen_n constable_n of_o aberteivi_n robert_n fitzmartyn_n the_o son_n of_o gerald_n and_o william_n fitziohn_n scot._n with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o the_o normanes_n fleming_n and_o englishman_n that_o be_v in_o wales_n or_o the_o march_n now_o after_o a_o cruel_a and_o bloody_a fight_n the_o stranger_n after_o their_o accustom_a use_n put_v all_o their_o hope_n in_o their_o fort_n and_o forsake_v the_o field_n and_o the_o welshman_n follow_v hard_a that_o beside_o 3000._o that_o be_v slay_v a_o great_a number_n be_v drown_v and_o take_v and_o carry_v away_o captive_n after_o this_o victory_n owen_n and_o cadwallader_n overrun_v the_o whole_a country_n and_o return_v home_o with_o rich_a spoil_n as_o well_o in_o armour_n and_o horse_n as_o in_o other_o thing_n with_o great_a triumph_n and_o at_o this_o time_n the_o pride_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n begin_v to_o appear_v for_o first_o hugh_n bigod_n keep_v the_o castle_n of_o norwich_n but_o forthwith_o sore_o against_o his_o will_n he_o restore_v it_o to_o the_o king_n himself_o 100_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o tumult_n of_o the_o noble_n be_v rumour_n which_o go_v abroad_o of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n who_o be_v then_o sick_a of_o a_o lethargy_n those_o which_o bear_v he_o no_o good_a will_n verify_v the_o rumour_n as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o lay_v and_o stir_v the_o people_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o empress_n such_o as_o be_v his_o friend_n take_v strong_a castle_n to_o save_v themselves_o as_o this_o hugh_n bigod_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o friend_n of_o the_o empress_n take_v the_o castle_n of_o norwich_n and_o afterward_o be_v certify_v that_o the_o king_n be_v well_o again_o he_o be_v loath_a to_o deliver_v the_o same_o out_o of_o his_o possession_n unless_o it_o be_v into_o the_o king_n own_o hand_n after_o that_o the_o king_n do_v besiege_v excester_n which_o baldwyn_n de_fw-la reduerijs_fw-la keep_v against_o he_o ibidem_fw-la and_o win_v it_o and_o so_o he_o do_v the_o will_v of_o wight_n which_o be_v the_o say_v baldwyne_n and_o banish_v he_o out_o of_o the_o land_n the_o year_n 1137._o die_v gruffyth_o ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n walsh_n the_o light_n 1137_o honour_n and_o stay_v of_o southwales_n who_o have_v by_o his_o wife_n gwenlhian_n the_o daughter_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi conan_n rees_n common_o call_v the_o lord_n rees_n and_o other_o scotus_n florentius_n moonke_v of_o worcester_n in_o his_o supply_n to_o marianus_n scotus_n say_v that_o this_o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n die_v by_o the_o deceitful_a practice_n of_o his_o wife_n he_o write_v also_o of_o a_o noble_a knight_n name_v pain_n a_o man_n of_o great_a valiancy_n who_o be_v very_a earnest_n in_o pursue_v of_o the_o welshman_n be_v at_o this_o time_n hurt_v with_o a_o spear_n and_o so_o die_v and_o be_v carry_v to_o gloucester_n and_o there_o bury_v also_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o same_o year_n die_v gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi conan_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n the_o only_a defence_n and_o shield_n of_o all_o wales_n after_o he_o have_v escape_v many_o great_a danger_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n in_o ireland_n and_o wales_n and_o after_o many_o worthy_a victory_n and_o after_o he_o have_v bring_v north-wales_n which_o he_o find_v full_a of_o stranger_n to_o peace_n and_o quietness_n have_v rule_v the_o same_o worthy_o 50._o year_n this_o prince_n have_v many_o child_n by_o diverse_a woman_n first_o by_o angharat_n the_o daughter_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n he_o have_v son_n owen_n cadwallader_n and_o cadwalhon_n who_o be_v slay_v before_o his_o father_n die_v and_o daughter_n marret_n susanna_n ranulht_n agnes_n and_o gwenlhian_n and_o by_o another_o woman_n he_o have_v jago_n ascain_n edwal_n abbot_n of_o penmon_n dolh_v who_o be_v also_o a_o priest_n and_o well_o learned_a and_o elen_n the_o wife_n of_o hova_n ap_fw-mi ithel_n velyn_n of_o yal_a he_o reform_v the_o disorder_a behaviour_n of_o the_o welsh_a minstrel_n by_o a_o very_a good_a statute_n which_o be_v extant_a to_o this_o day_n there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o minstrel_n in_o wales_n 1_o the_o first_o sort_n name_v beirdh_n which_o be_v maker_n of_o song_n and_o ode_n of_o sundry_a measure_n wherein_o not_o only_o great_a skill_n and_o cunning_n be_v require_v but_o also_o a_o certain_a natural_a inclination_n and_o gift_n which_o in_o latin_a be_v term_v furor_fw-la poëticus_fw-la these_o do_v also_o keep_v record_n of_o gentleman_n arm_n and_o petegrée_n and_o be_v best_a esteem_v and_o account_v of_o among_o they_o 2_o the_o second_o sort_n of_o they_o be_v player_n upon_o instrument_n théefelie_o the_o harp_n and_o the_o crowth_n who_o music_n for_o the_o most_o part_n come_v to_o wales_n with_o the_o say_v gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n who_o be_v on_o the_o one_o side_n a_o irishman_n by_o his_o mother_n and_o grandmother_n and_o also_o bear_v in_o ireland_n bring_v over_o with_o he_o out_o of_o that_o country_n diverse_a cunning_a musician_n into_o wales_n who_o devise_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o the_o instrumental_a music_n that_o be_v now_o there_o use_v as_o appear_v as_o well_o by_o the_o book_n write_v of_o the_o same_o as_o also_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o tune_n and_o measure_v use_v among_o they_o to_o this_o day_n 3_o the_o three_o sort_n call_v atcaneay_v be_v those_o which_o do_v sing_v to_o 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to_o flay_v those_o who_o the_o other_o have_v shear_v before_o so_o that_o the_o people_n wish_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o live_v in_o such_o oppression_n and_o now_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v needful_a to_o levy_v any_o army_n to_o war_n upon_o we_o or_o to_o move_v the_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n against_o we_o so_o that_o the_o peace_n may_v be_v observe_v du_o and_o true_o as_o before_o be_v express_v neither_o ought_v your_o holy_a fatherhood_n to_o give_v credit_n to_o all_o that_o our_o adversary_n do_v allege_v against_o we_o for_o even_o as_o in_o their_o deed_n they_o have_v and_o do_v oppress_v we_o so_o in_o their_o word_n they_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o slander_v we_o lay_v to_o our_o charge_n what_o like_v they_o best_o therefore_o for_o much_o as_o they_o be_v always_o present_a with_o you_o and_o we_o absent_a from_o you_o they_o oppress_v and_o we_o oppress_v we_o be_v to_o desire_v you_o even_o for_o his_o sake_n from_o who_o nothing_o be_v hide_v not_o to_o 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cynwric_n ap_fw-mi grono_n be_v take_v at_o ruthlan_n and_o put_v in_o prison_n without_o any_o cause_n at_o all_o neither_o will_v the_o king_n officer_n deliver_v he_o unless_o he_o will_v redeem_v the_o gage_n of_o a_o certain_a woman_n for_o the_o which_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o pay_v much_o more_o than_o the_o pawn_n lie_v for_o 10_o when_o the_o bailiff_n of_o ruthlan_n be_v at_o a_o feast_n hicken_n le_fw-fr mail_n wound_v a_o gentleman_n cruel_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o say_a bailiff_n by_o the_o occasion_n of_o which_o wound_n hicken_n be_v condemn_v in_o eight_o pound_n and_o when_o he_o which_o be_v hurt_v will_v have_v demand_v the_o say_v eight_o pound_n he_o be_v put_v in_o prison_n with_o hicken_n 11_o the_o messenger_n of_o reginald_n grace_n attempt_v a_o absurdity_n not_o hear_v of_o require_v the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n to_o plough_v his_o ground_n and_o sow_v the_o same_o and_o the_o messenger_n be_v cynwric_a sesse_n and_o hicken_n lemayl_n and_o 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large_a and_o deep_a from_o sea_n to_o sea_n betwixt_o his_o kingdom_n and_o wales_n whereby_o he_o may_v the_o better_o defend_v his_o country_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o welshman_n and_o this_o ditch_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o many_o place_n as_o yet_o and_o be_v call_v clawdh_n offa_n offa._n which_o be_v offas_n ditch_n at_o this_o day_n king_n offa_n call_v to_o his_o aid_n the_o other_o saxon_a king_n gather_v a_o huge_a army_n and_o come_v over_o seaverne_n into_o wales_n upon_o who_o come_v the_o welshman_n be_v not_o able_a to_o encounter_v with_o such_o a_o multitude_n of_o arm_a soldier_n leave_v the_o plain_a and_o even_o country_n by_o seaverne_n side_n and_o the_o land_n between_o it_o and_o the_o river_n wye_fw-mi and_o withdraw_v themselves_o to_o the_o mountain_n and_o rock_n where_o they_o may_v be_v most_o in_o safety_n until_o the_o enemy_n be_v avoid_v out_o of_o the_o country_n yet_o nevertheless_o continual_o they_o make_v diverse_a invasion_n by_o 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795._o the_o dane_n come_v first_o into_o england_n 289._o and_o six_o year_n after_o they_o come_v again_o &_o destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o lindsey_n and_o northumberland_n and_o overrun_v the_o most_o part_n of_o ireland_n and_o destroy_v rechreyn_a also_o about_o the_o same_o time_n there_o be_v a_o battle_n fight_v at_o ruthlan_n between_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o welshman_n where_o caradoc_n king_n of_o north-wales_n be_v slay_v this_o caradoc_n be_v the_o son_n of_o gwyn_n the_o son_n of_o colhoyn_n the_o son_n of_o ednowen_a the_o son_n of_o blethyn_n the_o son_n of_o blecius_fw-la or_o bledricus_fw-la prince_n of_o cornwall_n and_o devonshire_n also_o this_o year_n die_v offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o egfert_v his_o son_n reign_v in_o his_o stead_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 800._o egbertus_fw-la be_v make_v king_n of_o westsex_n and_o kenulphus_n the_o year_n follow_v treat_v king_n of_o mercia_n arthen_a also_o the_o son_n of_o sitsylht_n the_o son_n of_o clydawc_n king_n of_o caerdigan_n die_v the_o same_o year_n likewise_o run_v king_n of_o dyvet_n and_o cadelh_n king_n of_o powy_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 808._o 808_o this_o be_v a_o troublesome_a time_n and_o as_o yet_o no_o staid_a government_n establish_v in_o wales_n and_o therefore_o such_o as_o be_v chief_a lord_n in_o any_o country_n be_v here_o call_v king_n bale_n the_o next_o year_n after_o die_v elbodius_n archbishop_n of_o north-wales_n before_o who_o death_n the_o sun_n be_v sore_o eclipse_v in_o the_o year_n 810._o 810_o be_v the_o moon_n eclipse_v upon_o christmas_n day_n the_o same_o year_n s._n david_n be_v burn_v by_o the_o west_n saxon_n there_o be_v also_o a_o general_a morreine_a and_o death_n of_o cattle_n throughout_o all_o wales_n the_o next_o year_n ensue_a owen_n the_o son_n of_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o terudos_n die_v and_o the_o castle_n of_o degaunwy_n be_v destroy_v with_o thunder_n conan_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o his_o brother_n howel_n can_v not_o agree_v insomuch_o that_o they_o try_v the_o matter_n by_o battle_n wherein_o howel_n have_v the_o victory_n this_o howel_n the_o brother_n of_o conan_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v claim_v the_o will_v of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n for_o part_n of_o his_o father_n inheritance_n which_o conan_n refuse_v to_o give_v he_o and_o thereupon_o they_o fall_v at_o variance_n and_o consequent_o to_o make_v war_n the_o one_o against_o the_o other_o which_o be_v unnatural_a among_o brethren_n here_o i_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o custom_n and_o tenure_n of_o wales_n whereof_o this_o mischief_n grow_v that_o be_v the_o division_n of_o the_o father_n inheritance_n among_o all_o the_o son_n common_o call_v gavel_n kind_a gavel_n be_v a_o british_a term_n signify_v a_o hold_n because_o every_o one_o of_o the_o son_n do_v hold_v some_o portion_n of_o his_o father_n land_n as_o his_o lawful_a son_n and_o successor_n this_o be_v the_o cause_n not_o only_o of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o all_o the_o ancient_a nobility_n of_o wales_n for_o by_o that_o mean_n the_o inheritance_n be_v continual_o divide_v and_o subdivide_v among_o the_o child_n and_o the_o child_n child_n etc._n etc._n be_v at_o length_n bring_v to_o nothing_o but_o also_o of_o much_o bloudshead_n and_o unnatural_a strife_n and_o contention_n among_o brethren_n as_o we_o have_v here_o a_o example_n and_o many_o other_o in_o this_o history_n this_o kind_n of_o partition_n be_v very_o good_a to_o plant_v and_o settle_v any_o nation_n in_o a_o large_a country_n not_o inhabit_v but_o in_o a_o populous_a country_n already_o furnish_v with_o inhabitant_n it_o be_v the_o very_a decay_n of_o great_a family_n and_o as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o cause_n of_o strife_n and_o debate_n and_o the_o next_o year_n there_o be_v much_o hurt_n do_v by_o thunder_n and_o in_o
to_o lay_v fast_o hold_v upon_o that_o kingdom_n than_o his_o father_n have_v do_v and_o be_v drive_v by_o chance_n to_o anglesey_n will_v have_v land_v there_o but_o the_o earl_n keep_v he_o from_o the_o land_n and_o there_o magnus_n with_o a_o arrow_n stroke_n hugh_n earl_n of_o salop_n in_o the_o face_n that_o he_o die_v thereof_o and_o sudden_o either_o part_n forsake_v the_o isle_n and_o the_o englishman_n return_v to_o england_n and_o leave_v owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n prince_n in_o the_o land_n who_o have_v allure_v they_o thither_o 1098_o in_o the_o year_n 1098._o return_v gruffyth_o ap_fw-mi conan_n and_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n from_o ireland_n and_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o normanes_n and_o give_v they_o part_n of_o their_o inheritance_n for_o gruffyth_n remain_v in_o môn_n and_o cadogan_n have_v cardigan_n and_o a_o piece_n of_o powy_n land_n about_o this_o time_n the_o man_n of_o brechnock_n slay_v lhewelyn_n the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n then_o howel_n ap_fw-mi ithel_n of_o tegengel_n go_v to_o ireland_n also_o rythmarch_n archbishop_n of_o s._n david_n son_n to_o sulien_n bishop_n die_v the_o godly_a wise_a &_o great_a clerk_n that_o have_v be_v in_o wales_n many_o year_n before_o save_v his_o father_n who_o have_v bring_v he_o up_o and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o learned_a disciple_n king_n william_n rufus_n after_o he_o have_v wall_v the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o build_v westminster_n hall_n go_v to_o normandy_n and_o after_o he_o have_v bring_v all_o the_o country_n to_o his_o subjection_n return_v home_o and_o be_v slay_v with_o a_o arrow_n by_o walter_n terrell_n as_o he_o shoot_v at_o a_o stag_n in_o the_o new_a forest_n 71._o then_o henry_n his_o brother_n be_v crown_v in_o his_o steed_n for_o robert_n the_o elder_a brother_n be_v all_o this_o while_n in_o the_o holy_a land_n who_o short_o return_v and_o land_v at_o portsmouth_n against_o who_o henry_n come_v with_o a_o great_a power_n but_o in_o the_o end_n they_o be_v agree_v that_o henry_n shall_v pay_v yearly_a to_o robert_n 3000._o mark_n and_o the_o long_a liver_n shall_v be_v the_o other_o heir_n this_o henry_n marry_v maud_n the_o daughter_n of_o malcolme_n king_n of_o scot_n by_o margaret_n the_o daughter_n of_o edward_n son_n to_o edmund_n ironside_n also_o this_o year_n die_v hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o richard_n his_o son_n be_v make_v earl_n in_o his_o place_n at_o this_o time_n also_o die_v grono_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n and_o gwyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi in_o the_o year_n 1101._o 1101_o robert_n de_fw-fr belesmo_n son_n to_o roger_n de_fw-fr mountgomery_n earl_n of_o salope_n and_o arnulph_n his_o brother_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n do_v rebel_v against_o the_o king_n cest._n which_o when_o the_o king_n hear_v he_o send_v for_o they_o to_o come_v to_o he_o but_o they_o make_v blind_a excuse_n and_o gather_v their_o strength_n and_o fortify_v their_o castle_n and_o then_o give_v great_a gift_n and_o make_v large_a promise_n to_o the_o son_n of_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n jorwerth_n cadogan_n and_o meredyth_n and_o entice_v they_o to_o join_v their_o power_n to_o they_o robert_n have_v fortify_v four_o castle_n arundel_n tekinhill_n shrewsburie_n and_o brugge_n which_o castle_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o war_n for_o robert_n have_v build_v it_o without_o the_o king_n leave_v and_o arnulph_n fortify_v his_o castle_n of_o penbroke_a then_o they_o enter_v the_o king_n land_n &_o burn_v &_o spoil_v it_o carieng_n away_o rich_a booty_n and_o arnulph_n to_o have_v more_o strength_n send_v gerald_n his_o steward_n to_o murkart_n king_n of_o ireland_n to_o desire_v his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n which_o he_o obtain_v with_o promise_n of_o great_a succour_n which_o do_v encourage_v he_o the_o more_o against_o the_o king_n 1102_o then_o the_o king_n gather_v a_o great_a army_n and_o first_o besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o arundel_n and_o win_v it_o 26._o and_o likewise_o he_o do_v with_o tekinhill_n and_o afterward_o lead_v his_o power_n before_o brugge_n which_o for_o the_o situation_n and_o depth_n of_o the_o ditche_n be_v also_o well_o man_v and_o victail_v the_o king_n doubt_v the_o speedy_a win_n thereof_o wherefore_o he_o be_v counsel_v to_o send_v privily_o to_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n castor_n promise_v he_o great_a gift_n if_o he_o will_v forsake_v the_o earl_n and_o serve_v he_o remember_v what_o wrong_v the_o earl_n father_n roger_n and_o his_o brother_n hugh_n have_v do_v to_o the_o welshman_n also_o the_o king_n to_o make_v he_o more_o willing_a to_o stick_v unto_o he_o give_v he_o all_o such_o land_n as_o the_o earl_n &_o his_o brother_n have_v in_o wales_n without_o tribute_n or_o oath_n 13._o which_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o powy_n cardigan_n &_o half_a dyver_n &_o the_o other_o half_o have_v the_o son_n of_o baldwyn_n with_o stradtywy_n and_o gwyr_n jorwerth_n be_v glad_a of_o these_o offer_n receive_v they_o willing_o and_o then_o come_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n he_o send_v his_o power_n to_o the_o earl_n land_n which_o do_v their_o master_n commandment_n destroy_v &_o spoil_v all_o the_o country_n for_o the_o earl_n have_v cause_v his_o people_n to_o conveie_v all_o their_o cattle_n and_o good_n to_o wales_n little_o remember_v the_o mischief_n that_o the_o welshman_n have_v receive_v at_o his_o father_n and_o brother_n hand_n but_o when_o these_o news_n come_v to_o the_o earl_n to_o cadogan_n &_o meredyth_n jorwerth_n brethren_n they_o be_v all_o dismay_v &_o despair_v to_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v the_o king_n for_o jorwerth_n be_v the_o great_a man_n of_o power_n in_o wales_n and_o at_o this_o time_n arnulph_n be_v go_v to_o ireland_n for_o his_o wife_n and_o succour_n also_o a_o little_a before_o magnus_n again_o have_v land_v in_o môn_n &_o receive_v of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi conan_n &_o hew_v down_o much_o timber_n wood_n as_o be_v needful_a for_o he_o and_o so_o return_v to_o the_o will_v of_o man_n which_o he_o have_v win_v he_o build_v three_o castle_n there_o and_o send_v to_o ireland_n to_o have_v the_o daughter_n of_o murcart_n in_o marriage_n for_o his_o son_n which_o he_o obtain_v and_o make_v his_o son_n king_n of_o man._n then_o earl_n robert_n hear_v this_o send_v to_o he_o for_o help_v but_o receive_v none_o therefore_o see_v no_o remedy_n he_o send_v to_o the_o king_n desire_v he_o that_o he_o may_v forsake_v the_o realm_n which_o thing_n the_o king_n grant_v and_o he_o sail_v to_o normandy_n and_o likewise_o the_o king_n send_v word_n to_o his_o brother_n arnulph_n that_o either_o he_o shall_v follow_v his_o brother_n and_o depart_v the_o land_n or_o yield_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n mercy_n and_o pleasure_n but_o he_o choose_v to_o depart_v the_o land_n and_o so_o he_o do_v after_o this_o when_o the_o king_n be_v return_v home_o jorwerth_n take_v his_o brother_n meredyth_n and_o send_v he_o to_o the_o king_n prison_n for_o his_o brother_n cadogan_n agree_v with_o he_o to_o who_o jorwerth_n give_v caerdhydh_n &_o a_o piece_n of_o powy_n then_o jorwerth_n himself_o go_v to_o the_o king_n court_n to_o put_v the_o king_n in_o remembrance_n of_o his_o promise_n but_o the_o king_n when_o he_o see_v all_o quiet_a air_n forget_v the_o service_n of_o jorwerth_n and_o his_o own_o promise_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o same_o take_v dyvet_n from_o jorwerth_n and_o give_v it_o to_o a_o knight_n call_v saer_n and_o stradtywy_a cydewen_n and_o gwyr_n he_o give_v to_o howel_n ap_fw-mi grono_n and_o so_o jorwerth_n be_v send_v home_o empty_a at_o this_o time_n king_n henry_n give_v diverse_a castle_n and_o lordship_n in_o wales_n to_o normanes_a and_o englishman_n of_o who_o there_o be_v mention_v oftentimes_o hereafter_o in_o this_o history_n this_o year_n die_v grono_n son_n of_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n in_o prison_n also_o at_o this_o time_n magnus_n the_o son_n of_o heroald_n enter_v the_o country_n of_o lenoux_fw-fr in_o scotland_n &_o after_o he_o have_v get_v a_o great_a prey_n return_v to_o his_o ship_n but_o the_o inhabitant_n pursue_v he_o so_o hard_o that_o they_o put_v his_o people_n to_o flight_n slay_v he_o and_o rescue_v their_o good_n and_o cattle_n in_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n the_o king_n do_v send_v diverse_a of_o his_o council_n to_o shrewesburie_n and_o will_v jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n to_o come_v to_o meet_v they_o there_o to_o consult_v about_o the_o king_n business_n and_o affair_n now_o when_o he_o come_v thither_o all_o the_o consultation_n be_v against_o he_o who_o contrary_a to_o all_o right_a and_o equity_n they_o condemn_v of_o treason_n because_o the_o king_n fear_v his_o strength_n and_o that_o he_o will_v revenge_v the_o wrong_n that_o he_o have_v receive_v at_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o so_o they_o commit_v he_o to_o prison_n those_o noble_a man_n that_o be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n to_o
30000._o mark_n and_o the_o king_n grant_v the_o prince_n a_o charter_n to_o receive_v from_o thenceforth_o homage_n and_o fealty_n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n and_o baron_n of_o wales_n save_v one_o so_o that_o all_o the_o foresay_a baron_n shall_v ever_o after_o hold_v of_o the_o prince_n as_o their_o liege_n lord_n and_o he_o to_o be_v call_v and_o write_v from_o thenceforth_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o in_o witness_n of_o this_o the_o king_n put_v his_o seal_n and_o hand_n to_o the_o say_a charter_n which_o be_v likewise_o confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n the_o year_n after_o this_o die_v grono_n ap_fw-mi ednyvet_n vachan_n a_o noble_a man_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o princess_n council_n in_o the_o year_n 1270._o 1270_o die_v gruffyth_o lord_n of_o bromfield_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o vale_fw-la crucis_fw-la here_o end_v the_o british_a copy_n that_o which_o follow_v unto_o the_o death_n of_o this_o prince_n be_v collect_v by_o humphrey_n lhoyd_n gentleman_n at_o 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withal_o they_o can_v neither_o be_v deliver_v nor_o have_v delay_n until_o they_o give_v the_o constable_n a_o ox_n and_o until_o they_o pay_v three_o pound_n fee_n to_o cynwric_n for_o the_o have_v of_o the_o delay_n 5_o reginald_n grace_n give_v the_o land_n of_o the_o man_n of_o merton_n to_o the_o abbot_n and_o covent_n of_o basingwerke_n against_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o peace_n betwixt_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o the_o king_n that_o be_v to_o say_v xuj_o caratatasterrae_fw-la 6_o the_o noble_a and_o best_a of_o the_o country_n be_v injure_v for_o that_o the_o king_n build_v the_o castle_n of_o flynt_n upon_o their_o ground_n and_o the_o king_n command_v the_o justice_n to_o give_v the_o man_n as_o much_o and_o as_o good_a ground_n or_o the_o price_n but_o they_o be_v spoil_v of_o their_o land_n and_o have_v neither_o other_o land_n nor_o money_n 7_o reginald_n grace_n will_v not_o suffer_v 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29._o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o edward_z prince_n of_o wales_n come_v to_o chester_n where_o he_o receive_v the_o homage_n of_o the_o fréeholder_n of_o wales_n as_o henry_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n for_o monmouth_n reginald_n grace_n for_o ruthyn_n fulke_o fitzwarren_a for_o his_o land_n in_o wales_n the_o lord_n william_n martin_n for_o his_o land_n in_o cemaes_n roger_n mortimer_n for_o his_o land_n in_o wales_n henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n for_o the_o land_n of_o ros_n and_o ryvoneoc_n in_o wales_n record_n robert_n lord_n mount_n alt_z for_o his_o land_n in_o wales_n gruffyth_o lord_n of_o pool_n for_o the_o lordship_n of_o powy_n sir_n gruffyth_v lhoyd_n knight_n tuder_n ap_fw-mi grono_n of_o anglesey_n madoc_n ap_fw-mi tuder_n archdeacon_n of_o anglesey_n encon_n ap_fw-mi howel_n of_o caernaruon_n tuder_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi ednyvet_n gruffyth_o vachan_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n 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thereof_o take_v his_o surname_n of_o glyndour_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n richard_n owen_n be_v too_o hard_o for_o the_o lord_n grace_n be_v then_o a_o servitor_n in_o court_n with_o king_n richard_n with_o who_o he_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o take_n by_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o flynt_n but_o after_o that_o king_n richard_n be_v put_v down_o the_o lord_n grace_n be_v now_o better_o fréend_v than_o owen_n enter_v upon_o the_o say_a commons_o whereupon_o owen_n have_v many_o friend_n and_o follower_n in_o his_o country_n as_o those_o that_o be_v great_a with_o prince_n common_o have_v put_v himself_o in_o armour_n against_o the_o lord_n grace_n who_o he_o meeting_n in_o the_o field_n overcome_v and_o take_v prisoner_n this_o be_v the_o very_a begin_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o owen_n rise_v and_o attempt_n upon_o the_o take_n of_o the_o lord_n grace_n and_o spoil_v of_o his_o lordship_n of_o ruthyn_n many_o resort_v to_o owen_n from_o all_o part_n of_o wales_n some_o think_v that_o he_o be_v aswell_o in_o favour_n now_o as_o he_o be_v in_o king_n richard_n day_n some_o other_o put_v in_o his_o head_n that_o now_o the_o time_n be_v come_v wherein_o the_o briton_n through_o his_o mean_n may_v recover_v again_o the_o honour_n and_o liberty_n of_o their_o ancestor_n these_o thing_n be_v lay_v before_o owen_n by_o such_o as_o be_v very_o cunning_a in_o merlin_n prophecy_n and_o the_o interpretation_n of_o the_o same_o for_o there_o be_v in_o those_o day_n as_o i_o fear_v there_o be_v now_o some_o singular_a man_n which_o be_v déepelie_o overséene_a in_o those_o mystery_n and_o hope_v one_o day_n to_o meet_v velvet_n upon_o london_n bridge_n with_o their_o bow_n bring_v he_o into_o such_o a_o fool_n paradise_n that_o he_o never_o waieng_v what_o title_n he_o may_v pretend_v nor_o what_o right_a he_o have_v proceed_v and_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n who_o be_v the_o right_a inheritor_n aswell_o to_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n as_o appear_v before_o pag._n 315._o as_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n richard_n be_v descend_v of_o the_o elder_a brother_n next_o to_o edward_n prince_n of_o wales_n father_n to_o king_n richard_n of_o which_o stir_n and_o rebellion_n there_o ensue_v much_o mischief_n to_o the_o welshman_n for_o the_o king_n conceive_v great_a hatred_n against_o they_o statute_n show_v himself_o a_o manifest_a oppressor_n of_o all_o that_o nation_n make_v rigorous_a law_n against_o they_o whereby_o he_o take_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o the_o liberty_n of_o subject_n from_o they_o prohibit_v all_o welshman_n to_o purchase_v land_n or_o to_o be_v choose_v or_o receive_v to_o be_v citizen_n or_o burgess_n in_o any_o city_n borough_n or_o market_n town_n or_o be_v receive_v or_o accept_v to_o any_o office_n of_o mayor_n bailiff_n chamberlain_n
hol._n pag._n 462._o 1186_o matt._n paris_n pag._n 192._o matt._n paris_n page_n 192._o 1187_o ran._n cest._n lib._n 7._o cap._n 24._o giral_n camb._n in_o itin._n cam._n 1188_o 1189_o matt._n paris_n pag._n 208._o matt._n west_n page_n 63._o matt._n paris_n page_n 208._o matt._n paris_n page_n 210._o matt._n west_n pag._n 65._o matt._n paris_n pag._n 217._o matt._n paris_n pag._n 231._o matt._n west_n page_n 66._o or_o sell_v he_o rather_o 1194_o matt._n paris_n page_n 236._o matt._n west_n page_n 69._o 1194_o matt._n paris_n pag._n 237._o matth._n west_n page_n 69._o ger._n ●or_a matt._n park_n page_n 138._o hol._n pag._n 534._o marwnad_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d poetica_fw-la ran_o cest._n lib._n 7._o cap._n 31._o ri._n grafton_n in_o his_o chronicle_n of_o england_n 1198_o hol._n pag._n 537._o matt._n paris_n pag._n 259._o h._n lhoyd_n matt._n paris_n pag._n 259._o 1199_o matt._n paris_n pag._n 261._o matt._n west_n page_n 75._o matt._n west_n page_n 92._o h._n lhoyd_n 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880._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d rom._n curiae_fw-la matt._n paris_n page_n 884._o matt._n paris_n page_n 891._o matt._n paris_n pag._n 927._o matt._n paris_n pag._n 924._o the_o lord_n of_o bromfield_n and_o powy_n hold_v with_o the_o king_n in_o all_o these_o war_n matt._n paris_n page_n 930._o 1246._o matt._n paris_n pag._n 933._o this_o elinor_n have_v issue_n by_o the_o earl_n bohune_n who_o inherit_v her_o part_n afterward_o this_o earl_n of_o rutland_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o battle_n of_o wakefield_n by_o the_o lord_n clyfford_n see_v before_o page_n 213._o matt._n paris_n pag._n 938._o 1254_o 1256_o matt._n paris_n page_n 1251._o ibid._n 1252._o tho._n walsh_n hypodigma_fw-la pag._n 61._o matt._n paris_n page_n 1253._o matth._n west_n page_n 277._o matt._n paris_n pag._n 1260._o matt._n paris_n page_n 1268._o matt._n paris_n page_n 1271._o matt._n paris_n pag._n 1272._o matt._n paris_n page_n 1275._o &_o 1276._o matt._n paris_n page_n 1274._o matt._n paris_n page_n 1279._o matt._n paris_n page_n 1287._o 1258_o matt._n paris_n page_n 1288._o ibidem_fw-la page_n 1294_o &_o 1297._o matt._n west_n page_n 277._o matt._n paris_n pag._n 1301._o to_o this_o patrick_n the_o lordship_n of_o cydweli_n be_v give_v if_o he_o can_v win_v the_o same_o and_o keep_v it_o matt._n paris_n pag._n 1307._o matt._n west_n pag._n 278._o matt._n west_n pag_n 284._o pag._n 287._o 1260_o matt._n paris_n pag._n 1333._o tho._n wals._n hypodig_n page_n 63._o 1268_o matt._n paris_n pag._n 1341._o matt._n west_n page_n 347._o 1270_o h._n lhoyd_n 1270_o 1272_o 1274_o tho._n walsh_n 1277_o tho._n walsh_n page_n 6._o matt._n west_n pag._n 364._o tho._n wals._o page_n 6._o matt._n west_n page_n 365._o tho._n wall_n page_n 7._o n._n trivet_n n._n trivet_n tho._n wall_n page_n 7._o n._n trivet_n hol._n pag._n 787._o n._n trivet_n tho._n walsh_n page_n 8._o 1278_o matt._n west_n page_n 367._o tho._n walsh_n pag._n 8._o n._n trivet_n n._n trivet_n polydo_o li._n 17._o 1281_o 1281_o the_o great_a cause_n the_o more_o love_n see_v this_o article_n again_o pag._n 359._o 359._o to_o swear_v by_o his_o hand_n whereas_o we_o shall_v swear_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n conscientia_fw-la de_fw-la salute_v populi_fw-la 2._o decorum_n n._n trivet_n hol._n pag._n 791._o cor._n tacitus_n in_o vita_fw-la agricolae_fw-la hol._n pag._n 791._o tho._n wals._o page_n 11._o chro._n dunst._n tho._n wall_n ibidem_fw-la matt._n west_n page_n 370._o n._n trivet_n tho._n wall_n page_n 10._o prince_n lhewelyn_n slay_v thom._n wals._n pag._n 12._o the_o lordship_n of_o denbigh_n h._n lhoyd_n hol._n pag._n 796._o 1289_o tho._n wals._o page_n 15._o tho._n wals._n pag._n 20._o 1293_o matt._n west_n page_n 395._o hol._n pag._n 810._o n._n trivet_n tho._n wals._o page_n 27._o beumarish_n build_v the_o homage_n do_v to_o edward_n prince_n of_o wales_n out_o of_o the_o record_n flint_n engl._n 1322_o hol._n pag._n 863._o hol._n pag._n 869._o the_o unreasonable_a law_n of_o k._n henry_n 4._o against_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o wales_n see_v the_o book_n of_o statute_n joh._n bishop_n of_o worcester_n william_n smith_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n prince_n arthur_n counceler_n geffrey_n blyth_n john_n voiseie_fw-la i._o hoker_n in_o catalogo_fw-la episc._n exon._n a_o courtly_a bishop_n row_n lee_n bishop_n of_o coventrie_n and_o lichfield_n eastwales_n north-wales_n westwales_n southwales_n monmouth_n shire_n the_o court_n in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n the_o necessity_n of_o the_o court_n in_o the_o march_n prince_n edward_z borne_z r._n samson_n john_n earl_n of_o warwick_n william_n herbert_n knight_n of_o the_o noble_a order_n nicholas_n heath_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n w._n herbert_n earl_n of_o penbrook_n gilb._n bourne_n i._o williams_n l._n williams_n of_o thame_n henry_n sidney_n knight_n of_o the_o noble_a order_n