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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A57864	A vindication of the Church of Scotland being an answer to a paper, intituled, Some questions concerning Episcopal and Presbyterial government in Scotland : wherein the latter is vindicated from the arguments and calumnies of that author, and the former is made appear to be a stranger in that nation/ by a minister of the Church of Scotland, as it is now established by law.	Rule, Gilbert, 1629?-1701.	1691 (1691)	Wing R2231; ESTC R6234	39,235	42

love the other way under which they might be as bad as they would without a check tho' others could not be so good as they should without Persecution or being discountenanced tho' there want not a great many even of such that never liked Prelacy tho' they could comply with it Let us also set aside a sort of Men who had their dependence on the Court or on the Prelates and could advance their Interests that way Let us seclude also from this reckoning the Popishly affected who were but Protestants in Masquerade and tho' we deny not that there may be found both among the Ministers and People some sober and religious Persons who are conscientiously for Prelacy yet these are so few in Scotland and were much fewer before 1662. since which time some have been bred to it that not one of many hundreds or thousands is to be found and it hath been in all Ages out of Popery seen that so strong and universal is the inclination of People against Prelacy that it never was brought in but by force and fraud and never had long peaceable possession in this Nation So that it is well known that not a few wise Men in the Parliament who have no Zeal for Presbytery it self yet are for its being setled here as knowing that no other Church-Government can suit the Genius of this People § 2. The Proofs that our Author bringeth for his Assertion are strangely inconsequential he will not say That the inclinations of the Nation Representative is for Prelacy lest he be found guilty of Leesing-making a Crime that he often talketh of and it seems hath well studied and may be sometime strained his Wit about but he will prove it of the body diffusive of the people and first of the Nobility because Presbytery is against Monarchy and they own it This is answered 2. Because they have taken the Test and Declaration Answ. He confesseth some Peers took neither and they that did take them did not by that shew their inclination so much as what they thought fit to comply with rather than suffer how many of these now when there is no force on them show that it was not choice but necessity that led them that way and many who seem to make Conscience of these Bonds yet shew no inclination to the thing that they are bound to except by the constraint that they have brought themselves under The Gentry he will also have to be inclined to Prelacy because they have taken the Test which is answered and because many of them when liberty was granted went not to Meeting-houses A silly Argument for many did go and most other clave to the former way because the Law stood for it and the Meetings seemed to be of uncertain continuance but how few of them now refuse to hear the Presbyterians The Test is still the Argument the Burgesses must be Episcopal because many of them took it Also because of the rivers of tears shed at the Farewel-Sermons of their Episcopal Ministers O horrid Impudence Scotland knoweth that where one was grieved multitudes rejoyced others carried indifferently at the removal of the few of the men who as yet have been laid aside for the Clergy we yield him all the gang except a few and those of the more sober of them who declare that they never liked Prelacy as it was established tho' they thought it Lawful to Preach under it The ability and worth of the Presbyterian Ministers he laboureth to ridicule but from such Topicks as are fitter to be despised than answered Our three Commissioners sent to London Anno 1689. the former three he thinketh not worthy of his notice he maketh to be the Standard of Presbyterian abilities they are able to abide his censure and to compete with most of his party but he might know that among us many are infirm thro' Age and long Hardships who are of eminent Abilities others are fixed in such Charges where their labour could not be wanted for so long a time and what he objecteth against them who were sent is of no weight the first that he once complyed is most false he resisted great Temptations to such complyance and bare faithful Testimony against it The second suffered for his Principles in the time of a sad Division in this Church The third is no obscure Person tho' unknown to this Pamphleter from whom when things went as he wished good Men hid themselves as from a Persecutor We can also yield to him the Universities and Colledge of Justice as lately stated seeing none had access to such places but they who were Episcopal For the Physicians there are not a few worthy Men of that Faculty who are far from inclinations toward Prelacy It is a new Topick not often used before That such a way of Religion is the best because most of the Physicians and Lawyers are of it This his Discourse will equally prove that Popery is preferrable to Protestantism for in France Italy Spain c. not the multitude only but all the Church-men the Universities the Physicians and Lawyers are of that way I conclude this our Debate about the Inclinations of the people of this Nation to Presbytery with an Observation made by the late King James when Duke of York and in Scotland hearing of divers persons of Quality who on their Death-bed called for the Assistance of Presbyterian Ministers and refused others though they had in their life been either regardless of such Ministers or persecutors of them he said That the Scots in whatever Religion they lived yet generally they died Presbyterians FINIS ☞ The History of the Affairs and late Revolution of Scotland With an Account of the Extraordinary Occurrences which happened thereupon and the setling of the Church-Government there Printed for Tho. Salusbury in Fleet-street ERRATA PAge 4. line 14. dele exit read Epit. P. 16. l. 29. dele consistent read inconsistent l. 40. dele well read will P. 32. l. 21. or against Popery read against a Liberty for Popery l. 42 for and not resolved read for and were not resolved Books lately Printed and Sold by Tho. Salusbury at the Sign of the Temple near Temple-Bar in Fleet-street THE History of the Great Revolution in England and Scotland with the Causes and Means by which it was Accomplished Together with a particular Account of the Extraordinary Occurrences which happened thereupon As likewise the Settlement of both the Kingdoms under their most Serene Majesties King William and Queen Mary Octavo Price 5 s. The Safety of France To Monsieur the Dauphine Or the Secret History of the French King Proving to his Son That there is no other way to secure France from the approaching Ruine but by Deposing his Father for a Tyrant and Destroyer of his People Twelves Price 1 s. Pythagoras's Mystick Philosophy revived or the Mistery of Dreams Unfolded by Tho. Tryon Student in Physick Octavo Price 2 s. A Collection of many wonderful Prophesies relating to the English Nation plainly foretelling the late Great Revolution and Happy Settlement of this Kingdom His present Majesties Successes in Ireland and particularly his Victory at the Boyne with other very remarkable Things not yet come to pass Quarto Price 6 d. Miscellany Poems viz. 1. Remarks on the Death of King Charles the Second 2. On the Succession of King James the Second 3. Upon Faith 4. Upon Patience 5. Upon Ambition 6. To the University of Oxford 7. The Soul to a Good Conscience 8. The Soul to a Bad Conscience Quarto Price 6 d. The Declaration and Manifesto of the Protestants of the Vallies of Piedmont called the Vaudois to all Christian Princes and States of the Reasons of their Taking up Arms Just now against the Duke of Savoy and why they have put themselves under the Protection of William King of Great Britain and of the Evangelical Cantons of Suitzerland Quarto Price 2 d. Remarks upon the Dream of the late Abdicated Queen of England and upon that of Madam the Dutchess of La Valiere late Mistress to the French King and now Nun of the Order of Bare-footed Carmelites at Paris By Monsieur Gurne's Author of the Harmony of Prophesies c. Being the Paper the Publisher whereof was Condemned last Month to be Broken alive upon the Wheel by the Parliament of Roan Done from the French Copy Printed at Amsterdam Quarto Price 6 d. Several Discourses and Characters address'd to the Ladies of the Age. Wherein the Vanities of the Modish Women are discovered Written at the Request of a Lady by a Person of Honour Octavo Price 2 s. Arithmetical Rules with Examples briefly comprised for the benefit of Apprentices especially c. Twelves Price 1 s.

Scotland and to so great a number and to whom the people were under a relation as their Pastors being thrust from their Charges for their faithfulness in that time of Tryal and others being obtruded on them many of whom were very unqualified for the Ministry and they entring without the peoples call or consent they would not own them for their Pastors nor thought themselves obliged to wait on their Ministry but thought it their Duty rather to hear their own faithful Pastors or others who walked in their steps who were not unministred by any Church-Act but only restrained by the force of a Civil Law which could neither derogate from their Ministerial Authority nor loose the relation that the people had to them I deny not but some went beyond the limits of this Moderation but that is not to be imputed to all the Presbyterians being neither the conclusion of any Church-meeting among them nor the sentiment of all § 4. This being considered taketh off the edge of all that he enlargeth on about the Episcopal party agreeing with us in the Confession of Faith Directory for Worship and Administration of Sacraments For it is on none of these accounts that we withdraw from them but partly because they suffer none to be Ministers among them but such as comply with Episcopal Jurisdiction partly because they deprived us of the Ministers that we stand in relation to and ought to own partly because the Ministers obtruded on us are none of our choice as they ought to be by the priviledge that Christ hath given to his Church And indeed many of them unfit to be chosen and partly because this change is made not by any Church-Authority that we can own but by the State and by an unlawful Church-power It seemeth his Arguments are run low when he chargeth us with Nonconformity even to the Presbyterian Church in that we use not the Doxology nor the words of the Lord's Prayer nor the Belief at Baptism For when or where were these injoyned by the Presbyterian Church And if they had been we cannot by such Injunctions be bound to what is after found to be inconvenient That we are tyed to the use of the Doxology by the Covenant he doth most ridiculously affirm For whoever esteemed that a part of the Reformation then engaged to Using the Lord's Prayer we never condemned but that Christ hath enjoyned the using of these express words or that that Prayer was given as a form of words rather than as a Directory for the matter of Prayer we deny Neither do we condemn the use of the Creed but we think that they who have their Children baptized should profess their Faith so as may more clearly distinguish them from Popish and other Hereticks than that Confession of Faith can do QUEST V. In this Question he advanceth a Paradox The Question is Whether the Penal Laws against Scotch Presbyterians had any thing of Persecution in them THis Question he concludeth Negatively with the same brow that Maimburg and other French Popish Writers do affirm That all the Protestants who lately in France turned Papists did turn voluntarily without any compulsion and that no Rigour nor Persecution hath been used to move them to this change This is a degree of effrontedness of bidding Defiance to Truth and the God of it of bold imposing on the Reason yea and the common Sense of Mankind that the World doth purely owe to this Age and to Jesuitical obfirmation of mind But let us hear how he will prove this his strange assertion As these Laws have beat out the Brains of many good Christians that could not comply with them so this Man thinketh by his Arguings to beat out of the brains of such as remain all Sense and Reason whereby they may judge of what they hear see and feel In clearing the state of his Question he confesseth There may be too severe Laws under which men may suffer for Conscience-sake this will increase the wonder of intelligent unbyassed men who know our Affairs that such Laws are possible and yet ours are innocent but maketh the Question to be Whether our Laws were not necessary for preserving true Religion and publick Peace or whether they were the uncharitable effects of a peevish Resentment inconsistent with good Nature and Christianity Tho' even that cloak of smooth words will not hide the nakedness of the Bloody Laws that he pleadeth for nor could warrant a man that believeth Heaven or Hell to plead for such cruel Execution of them as was among us Yet this state of the Question is not the same with what in the Title is proposed For there have been few Persecutions in the World for which Necessity hath not been pretended and that were given forth to be for preserving a false Religion or for hindring publick Peace or that the Actors in them would call peevish and inconsistent with good Nature and Christianity or Moral Goodness And it is certain that where publick Peace may be preserved without such severe Laws the enacting of them is Persecution which was our case for nothing caused the sad breaches of the Peace that were in this Nation in 1666. and 1679. but the unsupportable Hardships tending to make wise men mad that they who feared God lay under by the severity of these Laws and the Barbarity used in executing them § 2. To vindicate the Laws from all blame of Persecution he giveth a lame unjust and disingenuous account of them Wo to Posterity if they be abused with such false History it is little Honesty to transmit such things to after-ages but it is the height of Impudence to publish them among such as were Eye-witnesses of them and among whom the sad effects of them remain with grief and smarting to this day I shall first examine the account that he giveth of these Laws and then shew how defective it is by supplying what he hath omitted He telleth a story of the endeavours of the Synod of Edenburgh to have Presbytery established and who can blame them especially seeing their Attempt was only an Application to a Person of Interest with His Majesty He telleth us likewise of their sending a Clergy-man whom he will not name to the same Great Man who is also nameless with a threatning Message That if they would not settle Presbytery they should have the people let loose upon them This story I never heard before nor know I how to examine the truth of it neither can I meet with any Person that hath heard of it and so have more than probable grounds to let it pass as a Forgery And if it had been true was this private surmise a sufficient ground for a Parliament to make such Bloody Laws against so great a Body of People as the Dissenters Men will think it a weak Cause that must be supported by such silly shifts I take no notice of the Act annulling so many preceding Parliaments and their Acts tho' this were

instances of many thousands is all that can be given § 2. To prove his Conclusion viz. That the Presbyterians were for taking away the Penal Laws against Papists he bringeth two Arguments which a man pretending to reason might be ashamed to use The first is They accepted and gave thanks for the Indulgence notwithstanding that they knew that all the designs of Court were for advancing of Popery Answ. They accepted an Indulgence for themselves and gave thanks for that alone which was their due by Christ's grant and which had injuriously been withheld from them but that to the Papists they were no further concern'd in than to lament it which they did and witnessed against it as they had occasion For the designs of the Court it was not their part to consider them further than to endeavour to disappoint them which they did to the uttermost of their power both by warning and principling the people a-against Popery and also by doing what they could to keep the Laws standing in force against Papists It had been a strange thing if they should have been backward to preach and hear the Gospel when a door was opened for it because some men had a design against the Gospel in their opening of it Surely their silence and peevish refusing on that occasion had been much to the hurt of the Gospel for then Papists who would not fail to use the liberty for their part should have had the fairest occasion imaginable to mislead the people without any to oppose them on the contrary their using of the liberty was the great mean by which with the blessing of the Lord so very few during that time of liberty were perverted to Popery in this Nation and they that were so drawn away were none of our party We have cause to think that if we had refused to use this liberty this Man and his Party would have lashed us with their tongues for so doing as they now do for the contrary for they did so by some who in former years refused to use a liberty granted which we all know was designed for the same end But we expect not that we shall be able to please them whatever course we take § 3. His second Argument is notoriously false in all the parts and circumstances of it and I affirm that a man that knoweth our affairs shall not find one word of truth in all his long Paragraph that he hath p. 24. That they were silent against Popery in K. James ' s time is grosly and notoriously false it is true some of them thought the best Antidote against liberty for Popery and other sinful Ways to be a sound work of grace in the Soul and ingaging people to be seriously religious and therefore insisted mainly on such subjects yet did not neglect to instruct people in the controverted points of our Religion nor to hold forth the evil and danger of Popery in particular For what he saith of the Reverend and Worthy Dr. Hardy who preached faithfully against Popery that his Brethren either blamed him or disowned him is most false they did often visit him in the Prison which I had from his own mouth that Episcopal Advocates and Judges pleaded for him and acquitted him was no more but what the one ought to do for their Hire and the other were bound to by their Places they acquitted an innocent man when no crime was proved against him QUEST IX Whether Scottish Presbytery in the Church be consistent with the Legal Monarchy in that Kingdom IF this Author knew us he would not move this Question and if he did not hate us and not resolved to say all manner of evil against us right or wrong he would not as he doth resolve it in the Negative We have no other proofs of the falshood of what he asserteth but 1. Experience which sheweth that in many Ages in which Presbytery hath had place in this Kingdom as hath been shewed above it did well consist with the legal Monarchy of it And 2. that he nor none else cannot shew what principle of Presbyterian Government nor what practice of Presbyterians that is commune to them all or generally is inconsistent with Monarchical Government as it hath been by Law owned in this Nation We deny not but there have been some things acted by men of our Principles in their Zeal for Religion which we do resolve not to imitate and tho' we can clear them from that degree of blame that the malice of their enemies casteth on them and particularly from being no friends to Monarchy and unfaithful to their Kings yet we hope the excesses that have been in former Ages while both parties were overheated in their contendings will be a mean to teach more moderation to this and following Generations Let us then hear what he hath to say for this his most absurd malicious and false Position After I have told the Reader that the only thing that can with any shew give rise to such an apprehension is that Presbyterians being generally the more conscientious part of the Nation could not comply with the lusts of some of their Rulers nor subject the interest of Religion to their will while others were ready to abandon Law Religion and Reason to please Men who in recompence of this did exalt them above their Brethren § 2. What he asserteth he offereth to prove from the opposition of the Covenant to Acts of Parliament the latter giving to the King what the former taketh from him The first thing that he bringeth as an instance of this is That Par. 1. ch 2. Act 2. it is the King's prerogative to chuse Officers of State Counsellors Iudges but the Covenant maketh this the prerogative of the Kirk in that Art 4. we swear to discover evil instruments that they may be brought to tryal and confirmeth it that Anno 1648. it is asserted by the Church that Duties between King and Subjects are the subject of Ministerial Doctrine for what he saith that the Kirk must be as infallible in this as at Rome I pass it as the froth of a malicious mind void of reason A. 1. These passages were 20 or some fewer years before the Act of Parliament cited how then can they be charged as taking from the King what he had not by those Acts for so many years after But this is but a small escape in this learned Writer 2. Will any man of sense say that the power of chusing Officers is taken from the King because Subjects are obliged to discover and complain of ill men or because Churchmen may tell Kings and Subjects their duties such reasonings are to be hissed at not answered Hath a man lost the priviledge of chusing his own servant because his son may tell him he hath hired a very bad man Another Argument he bringeth is yet more ridiculous It is the King's prerogative to call Parliaments but Scotch Presbyterians hold that the power of calling Assemblies doth not flow