will_v have_v set_v up_o there_o not_o that_o this_o severity_n proceed_v from_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o protestant_n of_o ireland_n who_o be_v certain_o the_o kind_a people_n on_o earth_n to_o stranger_n that_o either_o travel_n or_o abide_v among_o they_o but_o from_o the_o bigotry_n of_o a_o few_o who_o too_o much_o favour_v or_o advance_v the_o popish_a interest_n and_o however_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o that_o the_o usage_n those_o favourer_n of_o popery_n receive_v from_o k._n james_n have_v open_v their_o eye_n and_o possible_o rectify_v the_o judgement_n of_o such_o of_o they_o as_o be_v live_v yet_o i_o believe_v this_o sin_n this_o severity_n to_o the_o distress_a french_a do_v help_v forward_o the_o dispersion_n and_o calamity_n which_o have_v since_o happen_v to_o the_o protestant_n of_o ireland_n for_o sin_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v commit_v by_o authority_n the_o gild_n become_v national_a there_o be_v not_o those_o law_n in_o that_o kingdom_n against_o dissenter_n that_o 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that_o those_o that_o be_v not_o able_a may_v be_v provide_v with_o good_a arm_n and_o be_v due_o exercise_v that_o kingdom_n be_v well_o furnish_v with_o brisk_a active_a man_n who_o native_a courage_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o country_n qualify_v they_o for_o service_n of_o which_o they_o have_v give_v good_a proof_n at_o derry_n inniskillen_n limerick_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o of_o their_o forwardness_n and_o zeal_n for_o their_o majesty_n service_n even_o beyond_o what_o england_n do_v if_o i_o may_v be_v permit_v to_o say_v so_o the_o protestant_n in_o england_n be_v more_o than_o 200_o to_o one_o of_o the_o papist_n yet_o when_o his_o present_a majesty_n have_v land_v with_o a_o powerful_a army_n to_o rescue_v we_o from_o popery_n and_o slavery_n the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n etc._n etc._n stand_v at_o gaze_n and_o it_o be_v some_o time_n before_o any_o of_o they_o appear_v to_o own_o his_o cause_n until_o the_o lord_n delamere_n first_o and_o then_o the_o earl_n of_o 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among_o they_o power_n over_o they_o and_o their_o great_a necessity_n which_o possible_o if_o truth_n be_v know_v may_v be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o their_o be_v slight_v by_o some_o sort_n of_o man_n etc._n etc._n if_o the_o present_a war_n in_o europe_n continue_v and_o that_o ireland_n be_v once_o whole_o subdue_v the_o put_n of_o the_o militia_n of_o that_o kingdom_n into_o a_o good_a posture_n will_v save_v much_o money_n to_o england_n by_o give_v his_o majesty_n the_o better_a opportunity_n to_o employ_v a_o great_a proportion_n of_o his_o army_n against_o france_n which_o otherwise_o must_v be_v keep_v in_o ireland_n to_o keep_v the_o irish_a in_o subjection_n four_o notwithstanding_o the_o militia_n shall_v be_v settle_v as_o have_v be_v propose_v yet_o consider_v the_o odds_o the_o papist_n have_v of_o the_o protestant_n their_o present_a inclination_n to_o france_n the_o ferment_n that_o be_v on_o their_o spirit_n etc._n etc._n it_o will_v be_v absolute_o necessary_a for_o the_o retain_v they_o in_o obedience_n to_o keep_v up_o a_o competent_a stand_a army_n in_o that_o kingdom_n yet_o when_o the_o militia_n shall_v be_v well_o settle_v and_o arm_v the_o popish_a clergy_n lawyer_n and_o forfeit_v person_n banish_v and_o the_o rest_n exclude_v from_o inhabit_v in_o any_o of_o the_o city_n wall_a town_n or_o garrison_n the_o less_o force_n will_v be_v requisite_a for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o force_n which_o be_v keep_v up_o about_o 1680._o in_o time_n of_o peace_n will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o secure_v the_o quiet_a of_o that_o kingdom_n which_o consist_v only_o of_o 1363._o horse_n officer_n include_v viz._n 24_o troop_n each_o consist_v of_o a_o captain_n at_o 19_o l._n 12_o s._n each_o calendar_n month._n a_o lieutenant_n 12_o l._n 12_o s._n a_o cornet_n 9_o l._n 16_o s._n a_o quarter_n master_n 7_o l._n three_o corporal_n and_o one_o trumpet_n 3_o l._n 10_o s._n each_o and_o 45_o private_a horseman_n at_o 2_o l._n 2_o s._n each_o make_v in_o 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to_o support_v our_o charge_n and_o enrich_v we_o for_o whatsoever_o the_o revenue_n of_o ireland_n amount_v to_o yearly_a above_o the_o charge_n of_o that_o kingdom_n have_v be_v and_o will_v be_v transmit_v into_o england_n and_o be_v so_o much_o clear_a profit_n to_o the_o king_n and_o this_o kingdom_n they_o be_v yearly_o liable_a to_o we_o for_o more_o than_o we_o receive_v in_o commodity_n thence_o and_o therefore_o much_o of_o what_o their_o merchant_n send_v to_o france_n spain_n etc._n etc._n on_o their_o own_o proper_a account_n be_v return_v by_o exchange_n or_o bring_v in_o foreign_a coin_n into_o england_n so_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o subsist_v by_o miracle_n however_o they_o be_v in_o a_o thrive_a condition_n when_o king_n james_n ii_o ascend_v the_o throne_n nor_o be_v the_o advantage_n small_a to_o england_n nor_o to_o our_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n that_o whilst_o the_o elder_a brother_n gentleman_n of_o estate_n here_o justle_v and_o scuffle_v for_o office_n and_o 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for_o bread_n and_o be_v receive_v there_o with_o great_a humanity_n and_o kindness_n it_o be_v ignorance_n envy_n french_a gold_n or_o wicked_a and_o treacherous_a design_n that_o put_v man_n upon_o quarrel_v with_o the_o trade_n situation_n or_o improvement_n of_o ireland_n as_o prejudicial_a or_o inconvenient_a to_o england_n for_o the_o fair_a spacious_a and_o safe_a harbour_n on_o the_o south_n and_o south-west_n coast_n of_o ireland_n furnish_v our_o merchant_n ship_n in_o their_o voyage_n to_o asia_n africa_n and_o return_v from_o america_n and_o most_o part_n of_o europe_n not_o only_o with_o commodious_a shelter_n and_o refreshment_n in_o storm_n tempest_n and_o other_o extremity_n at_o sea_n but_o also_o retreat_n refuge_n and_o security_n from_o pirate_n and_o enemy_n in_o time_n of_o war._n and_o ireland_n by_o its_o situation_n lie_v convenient_o not_o only_o for_o security_n and_o advice_n for_o our_o merchant_n fleet_n in_o time_n of_o war_n but_o also_o to_o intercept_v and_o interrupt_v the_o trade_n of_o our_o enemy_n and_o how_o light_o soever_o these_o advantage_n may_v be_v pass_v over_o by_o those_o that_o possible_o for_o french-gold_n will_v cut_v untwist_v or_o weaken_v our_o threefold_a cord_n yet_o they_o be_v obvious_a enough_o to_o all_o consider_v unbiased_a statesman_n merchant_n and_o navigator_n for_o let_v it_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o great_a currant_n of_o trade_n run_v between_o england_n and_o france_n and_o that_o be_v the_o port_n of_o ireland_n and_o france_n in_o one_o hand_n or_o both_o in_o war_n with_o we_o that_o either_o much_o more_o both_o will_v shut_v up_o and_o damage_n if_o not_o ruin_v our_o trade_n in_o that_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n it_o may_v be_v do_v mere_o by_o privateer_n without_o the_o expense_n of_o a_o great_a and_o chargeable_a fleet_n as_o our_o merchant_n already_o find_v in_o part_n to_o their_o great_a cost_n and_o loss_n thus_o you_o see_v that_o ireland_n be_v beneficial_a to_o england_n by_o employ_v above_o 300_o sail_n of_o ship_n constant_o together_o with_o the_o hand_n and_o trade_n that_o depend_v on_o they_o that_o it_o take_v off_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o our_o natural_a product_n of_o our_o manufacture_n and_o of_o our_o import_v commodity_n which_o yield_v employment_n to_o our_o people_n contribute_v to_o keep_v up_o the_o rent_n of_o our_o land_n and_o enrich_v our_o merchant_n that_o almost_o all_o the_o commodity_n we_o receive_v thence_o be_v not_o only_o useful_a but_o necessary_a to_o we_o to_o enable_v our_o manufacturer_n and_o employ_v multitude_n of_o our_o people_n that_o our_o foreign_a trade_n be_v increase_v by_o the_o commodity_n our_o merchant_n ship_n off_o from_o ireland_n which_o they_o can_v have_v no_o where_o else_o and_o lie_v there_o convenient_o for_o our_o ship_n to_o take_v in_o in_o their_o way_n to_o their_o proper_a market_n that_o we_o receive_v thence_o yearly_o above_o 240000_o l._n beside_o many_o other_o advantage_n that_o many_o young_a brother_n and_o supernumerary_a artisan_n and_o family_n that_o fall_v to_o decay_v and_o that_o can_v subsist_v here_o be_v receive_v and_o entertain_v with_o kindness_n in_o ireland_n where_o they_o grow_v rich_a or_o at_o least_o subsist_v that_o the_o situation_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o england_n that_o it_o be_v commodious_a for_o the_o shelter_n security_n and_o enlargement_n of_o our_o trade_n that_o be_v there_o no_o such_o place_n we_o shall_v want_v employment_n for_o at_o least_o 300000_o of_o our_o people_n and_o sale_n for_o a_o good_a part_n of_o our_o product_n and_o manufacture_n that_o shall_v ireland_n continue_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o our_o enemy_n many_o of_o our_o people_n will_v be_v beggar_v most_o of_o our_o foreign_a trade_n be_v great_o endanger_v and_o obstruct_v if_o not_o ruin_v so_o that_o without_o further_a consideration_n of_o this_o matter_n i_o do_v conclude_v that_o as_o ireland_n be_v the_o ancient_a so_o it_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a and_o profitable_a acquisition_n that_o ever_o england_n make_v though_o it_o be_v but_o little_o more_o than_o twenty_o year_n since_o the_o stand_a revenue_n of_o that_o kingdom_n do_v considerable_o surmount_v the_o charge_n of_o it_o yet_o our_o king_n ever_o since_o king_n john_n time_n have_v draw_v large_a supply_n not_o only_o of_o man_n but_o also_o of_o money_n from_o ireland_n k._n james_n and_o k._n charles_n the_o first_o receive_v several_a sum_n of_o money_n thence_o which_o with_o the_o advantage_n by_o trade_n and_o most_o of_o the_o forementioned_a particular_n have_v render_v ireland_n considerable_a to_o england_n for_o near_o 500_o year_n past_a you_o take_v notice_n that_o our_o nobility_n clergy_n and_o gentry_n have_v imbibe_v a_o notion_n that_o the_o abatement_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o england_n for_o twenty_o six_o year_n past_a have_v be_v occasion_v by_o the_o improvement_n of_o ireland_n in_o that_o time_n and_o thence_o you_o raise_v your_o three_o query_n whether_o the_o improvement_n of_o ireland_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o abatement_n of_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o england_n or_o whence_o else_o have_v it_o come_v that_o rent_n of_o land_n have_v fall_v one_o five_o part_n since_o the_o year_n 1662._o to_o set_v you_o right_o in_o this_o matter_n it_o be_v expedient_a that_o i_o lay_v before_o you_o the_o true_a state_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o its_o trade_n whereby_o you_o will_v be_v able_a to_o see_v the_o folly_n of_o our_o suspicion_n and_o the_o difficulty_n if_o not_o impossibility_n of_o receive_v prejudice_n by_o the_o improvement_n of_o ireland_n at_o least_o in_o this_o or_o the_o next_o age_n unless_o we_o enforce_v it_o by_o bear_v too_o hard_o on_o they_o as_o we_o do_v in_o the_o business_n of_o cattle_n and_o compel_v they_o to_o better_a husbandry_n at_o home_n and_o to_o more_o foreign_a trade_n than_o they_o be_v any_o way_n dispose_v to_o or_o prepare_v for_o and_o then_o i_o will_v show_v you_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o our_o land_n have_v fall_v so_o much_o in_o their_o rent_n ireland_n be_v indeed_o a_o island_n that_o for_o extent_n of_o acre_n richness_n of_o soil_n salubrity_n of_o air_n numerousness_n of_o good_a river_n and_o havens_n variety_n of_o fishing_n native_a product_n and_o material_n fit_v to_o be_v improve_v into_o manufacture_n situation_n for_o trade_n etc._n etc._n come_v behind_o few_o island_n in_o the_o world_n yet_o it_o have_v hitherto_o advance_v but_o very_o little_a in_o trade_n riches_n or_o improvement_n although_o it_o have_v for_o 518_o year_n own_a subjection_n to_o england_n and_o be_v in_o great_a measure_n inhabit_a by_o britain_n to_o that_o degree_n that_o three_o fourth_n of_o the_o present_a papist_n there_o be_v of_o british_a extraction_n who_o yet_o by_o the_o influence_n of_o that_o pernicious_a religion_n be_v as_o much_o dispose_v to_o mischief_n and_o
navigation_n which_o be_v also_o act_n of_o that_o parliament_n be_v concurrent_a cause_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o first_o take_v off_o those_o restraint_n that_o be_v on_o trade_n the_o second_o enable_v the_o great_a emprovement_n of_o our_o land_n and_o make_v our_o manufacture_n cheap_a than_o before_o and_o the_o last_o encourage_v and_o increase_v our_o ship_n and_o seaman_n and_o save_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o the_o kingdom_n which_o the_o hollander_n be_v accustom_v annual_o to_o carry_v from_o england_n for_o their_o ship_n let_v we_o to_o fraught_v yet_o the_o chief_a cause_n hereof_o be_v the_o liberty_n give_v to_o people_n to_o serve_v god_n according_a to_o his_o own_o word_n for_o this_o liberty_n invite_v multitude_n to_o return_v with_o their_o family_n and_o stock_n from_o new-england_n germany_n holland_n etc._n etc._n but_o especial_o many_o of_o our_o manufacturer_n who_o have_v be_v drive_v away_o by_o 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to_o those_o king_n who_o they_o seem_v to_o idolise_v by_o their_o flattery_n for_o they_o have_v by_o fall_v on_o our_o manufacturer_n damnify_v the_o kingdom_n to_o a_o great_a degree_n than_o i_o be_o capable_a of_o estimate_v after-age_n may_v possible_o be_v better_a able_a to_o do_v it_o yet_o to_o give_v you_o a_o little_a light_n into_o this_o matter_n consider_v that_o one_o pound_n of_o wool_n sell_v for_o fourteen_o penny_n and_o one_o pound_n of_o iron_n sell_v at_o first_o hand_n for_o two_o penny_n if_o they_o be_v thus_o export_v the_o kingdom_n gain_v little_a by_o they_o but_o if_o the_o former_a be_v wrought_v up_o as_o it_o may_v be_v into_o three_o pair_n of_o fine_a woman_n hose_n worth_a 18_o shilling_n and_o the_o latter_a into_o fine_a scissors_n lock_n etc._n etc._n they_o may_v yield_v three_o or_o four_o shilling_n according_a to_o the_o workmanship_n and_o that_o they_o be_v export_v the_o kingdom_n gain_v fifteen_o time_n the_o first_o value_n in_o the_o first_o and_o twenty_o four_o time_n the_o value_n in_o the_o latter_a beside_o the_o much_o great_a duty_n to_o the_o king_n employment_n of_o our_o people_n our_o ship_n and_o seaman_n etc._n etc._n by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v you_o may_v see_v the_o usefulness_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o people_n to_o the_o kingdom_n now_o if_o by_o a_o modest_a computation_n we_o reckon_v that_o only_o 40000_o of_o the_o forementioned_a number_n that_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v manufacturer_n it_o require_v great_a skill_n in_o manufacture_n and_o knowledge_n in_o arithmetic_n than_o i_o be_o master_n of_o accurate_o to_o assign_v the_o vast_a damage_n the_o kingdom_n have_v annual_o sustain_v thereby_o however_o the_o effect_n be_v visible_a in_o the_o abatement_n of_o trade_n and_o rent_n the_o lose_n of_o our_o trade_n to_o other_o country_n who_o have_v thereby_o gain_v upon_o we_o in_o those_o manufacture_n whereon_o we_o most_o value_v ourselves_o and_o which_o be_v in_o 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not_o our_o merchant_n tradesman_n and_o manufacturer_n be_v deny_v the_o liberty_n and_o encouragement_n at_o home_n which_o they_o be_v court_v to_o and_o do_v receive_v abroad_o hereby_o we_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o trade_n and_o abatement_n of_o rent_n by_o make_v other_o country_n sharer_n with_o we_o in_o our_o most_o profitable_a trade_n thus_o i_o have_v set_v down_o as_o the_o mean_n whereby_o rent_n be_v advance_v to_o what_o they_o be_v about_o 1662._o so_o likewise_o the_o unhappy_a cause_n of_o their_o abatement_n since_o which_o conclude_v my_o answer_n to_o the_o three_o query_n the_o four_o query_n be_v whether_o the_o state_n of_o trade_n through_o europe_n consider_v as_o it_o stand_v before_o the_o present_a war_n it_o be_v the_o true_a interest_n of_o england_n that_o rent_n shall_v general_o advance_v above_o what_o they_o be_v about_o 1662._o and_o by_o what_o method_n may_v they_o
barbarity_n as_o the_o native_a irish_a yet_o i_o say_v the_o trade_n and_o improvement_n thereof_o be_v inconsiderable_a the_o cause_n whereof_o i_o apprehend_v to_o be_v these_o 1._o that_o the_o popish_a religion_n be_v retain_v by_o about_o five_o six_o part_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o not_o only_o enjoin_v about_o 26_o idle_a or_o holiday_n more_o in_o a_o year_n than_o our_o church_n by_o expense_n on_o which_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o much_o time_n and_o of_o what_o may_v be_v gain_v therein_o the_o ill_a habit_n and_o indisposition_n to_o labour_v contract_v by_o such_o idleness_n and_o the_o spunging_n of_o their_o clergy_n by_o which_o and_o the_o displeasure_n of_o god_n on_o that_o religion_n be_v that_o abomination_n that_o cause_v desolation_n they_o be_v keep_v poor_a hereby_o they_o be_v liable_a yearly_o to_o send_v much_o money_n to_o rome_n to_o purchase_v absolution_n pardon_n etc._n etc._n and_o they_o actual_o do_v so_o and_o be_v also_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o train_v up_o their_o youth_n at_o st._n omers_n douai_n valadolid_n and_o the_o jesuit_n college_n in_o france_n which_o be_v a_o real_a drain_v to_o their_o treasure_n where_o they_o be_v fit_v for_o all_o villainy_n and_o instruct_v how_o to_o trouble_v church_n and_o state_n and_o by_o god_n just_a judgement_n for_o permit_v that_o religion_n whilst_o without_o compulsion_n it_o be_v so_o easy_a to_o reform_v they_o they_o be_v make_v thorn_n in_o our_o side_n these_o i_o say_v make_v up_o one_o cause_n of_o the_o poverty_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o will_v remain_v so_o as_o long_o as_o their_o idolatry_n be_v connive_v at_o 2._o the_o second_o cause_n of_o the_o poverty_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v the_o paucity_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o whole_a number_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v but_o 1200000_o soul_n whereof_o 300000_o be_v child_n many_o by_o their_o quality_n exempt_a from_o labour_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v few_o enough_o for_o tillage_n and_o husbandry_n there_o 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cabin_n to_o lodge_n in_o be_v all_o that_o the_o generality_n of_o they_o seek_v or_o have_v ambition_n for_o 3._o a_o three_o cause_n of_o their_o poverty_n which_o be_v also_o a_o evidence_n of_o it_o be_v the_o raw_a and_o unmanufactured_a condition_n of_o the_o commodity_n they_o export_v the_o bulk_n of_o their_o exportation_n beside_o fish_n be_v wool_n raw-hides_a flax_n linnen-yarn_n coney-skin_n sheepskin_n pelt_n hogshead_n and_o barrel_n staff_n etc._n etc._n add_v hereunto_o the_o few_o market_n that_o they_o have_v for_o these_o they_o be_v prohibit_v carry_v their_o wool_n and_o yarn_n to_o any_o market_n but_o england_n the_o carribbe_n island_n be_v their_o best_a market_n for_o beef_n pork_n and_o provision_n which_o though_o we_o have_v leave_v they_o freedom_n to_o carry_v thither_o together_o with_o servant_n and_o horse_n yet_o it_o be_v under_o such_o hard_a condition_n that_o they_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n whole_o cut_v off_o from_o that_o trade_n these_o be_v so_o bulkey_n and_o of_o so_o little_a value_n that_o it_o require_v two_o or_o three_o cargo_n of_o they_o to_o lade_n one_o ship_n back_o with_o plantation_n commodity_n and_o we_o have_v prohibit_v they_o to_o carry_v any_o of_o their_o manufacture_n which_o will_v have_v help_v in_o this_o case_n thither_o except_o they_o enter_v and_o pay_v the_o duty_n for_o they_o in_o england_n which_o on_o some_o good_n be_v twice_o on_o other_o the_o whole_a value_n of_o the_o first_o cost_n 4._o the_o small_a quantity_n of_o coin_n that_o be_v in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o the_o great_a disproportion_n between_o that_o and_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o clear_v this_o i_o will_v give_v you_o a_o rough_a yet_o near_o and_o probable_a computation_n what_o the_o rent_n public_a payment_n and_o trade_n there_o do_v require_v or_o of_o what_o money_n be_v necessary_a to_o put_v that_o kingdom_n bare_o into_o a_o thrive_a condition_n 1._o there_o aught_o to_o be_v in_o it_o as_o much_o money_n as_o one_o year_n rend_v of_o near_o eight_o million_o of_o acre_n profitable_a land_n which_o be_v in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o the_o house_n do_v amount_v unto_o which_o suppose_v to_o be_v 1100000_o l._n this_o be_v the_o landlord_n and_o tenant_n share_v of_o the_o cash_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 2._o it_o be_v necessary_a there_o be_v also_o so_o much_o coin_n as_o one_o year_n value_v of_o the_o natural_a product_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v amount_v unto_o at_o least_o as_o the_o commodity_n export_v in_o that_o time_n do_v come_v to_o this_o be_v the_o merchant_n and_o trade_n man_n share_n of_o the_o money_n and_o in_o ireland_n shall_v be_v about_o 500000_o l._n 3._o so_o much_o money_n as_o one_o year_n revenue_n and_o tax_n do_v amount_v unto_o which_o in_o ireland_n be_v about_o 300000_o l._n or_o at_o least_o so_o much_o as_o be_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o include_v pension_n be_v 243663_o l._n 4._o so_o much_o cash_n as_o the_o tithe_n and_o church_n 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first_o three_o and_o four_o forementioned_a use_n such_o kingdom_n be_v incapacitate_v to_o advance_v in_o trade_n ship_n manufacture_n or_o improvement_n such_o deficience_n of_o cash_n according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o it_o occasion_n cheapness_n of_o the_o natural_a product_n of_o such_o kingdom_n ill_a payment_n of_o rent_n and_o debt_n and_o necessary_o impose_v a_o low_a value_n upon_o land_n both_o in_o purchase_n and_o rent_n the_o passant_a cash_n of_o that_o kingdom_n in_o its_o most_o flourish_a condition_n be_v never_o estimate_v to_o be_v 400000_o l._n but_o grant_v it_o be_v so_o much_o yet_o that_o be_v less_o than_o one_o five_o of_o what_o be_v necessary_a to_o enable_v the_o payment_n of_o rent_n tax_n and_o tithe_n and_o to_o carry_v on_o the_o small_a trade_n of_o that_o kingdom_n here_o you_o may_v see_v the_o fundamental_a cause_n of_o the_o ill_a payment_n cheapness_n of_o land_n smallness_n of_o trade_n and_o poverty_n of_o that_o kingdom_n though_o not_o the_o only_a one_o the_o want_n of_o stock_n in_o trade_n be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o most_o of_o the_o product_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v export_v by_o our_o merchant_n and_o not_o by_o the_o merchant_n of_o that_o kingdom_n whereby_o the_o profit_n make_v on_o they_o in_o foreign_a market_n accrue_v to_o england_n 5._o another_o cause_n of_o the_o poverty_n of_o ireland_n be_v the_o high_a interest_n that_o money_n be_v at_o there_o be_v by_o law_n 10_o per_fw-la cent_n beside_o procuration_n and_o continuation_n money_n etc._n etc._n which_o the_o needy_a pay_n also_o this_o be_v a_o consequent_a and_o proof_n of_o the_o former_a and_o that_o which_o cut_v the_o nerve_n and_o hamstring_n of_o industry_n for_o as_o scarcity_n of_o coin_n keep_v the_o natural_a product_n of_o a_o country_n at_o a_o low_a rate_n so_o high_a interest_n
both_o hinder_v their_o be_v manufacture_v and_o advance_v the_o price_n of_o they_o when_o manufacture_v that_o they_o can_v be_v afford_v so_o cheap_a at_o foreign_a market_n as_o the_o like_a manufacture_n raise_v where_o interest_n of_o money_n be_v low_a if_o here_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o cheapness_n of_o wool_n as_o to_o the_o woollen_a manufacture_n will_v countervail_v the_o disadvantage_n of_o high_a interest_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o will_v not_o for_o 12_o pound_n of_o wool_n which_o cost_v but_o two_o shilling_n dear_a in_o england_n than_o there_o will_v make_v a_o piece_n of_o serge_n that_o may_v stand_v some_o in_o 3_o l._n some_o in_o 4_o l._n or_o two_o piece_n of_o stuff_n that_o may_v together_o stand_v in_o as_o much_o the_o price_n of_o the_o wool_n be_v so_o small_a a_o part_n of_o the_o disburse_v will_v not_o countervail_v the_o high_a interest_n on_o the_o rest_n but_o beside_o this_o there_o be_v but_o little_a manufacture_n there_o and_o not_o full_a work_n for_o tucker_n dyer_n dresser_n calendar_n hot-pressers_a etc._n etc._n there_o as_o there_o be_v here_o the_o rate_n of_o these_o there_o be_v double_a to_o what_o it_o be_v here_o and_o so_o be_v their_o oil_n die_v stuff_n and_o foreign_a material_n most_o of_o which_o they_o carry_v from_o england_n for_o which_o at_o a_o high_a value_n they_o pay_v 10_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o custom_n and_o excise_n on_o their_o importation_n it_o be_v the_o least_o skilful_a of_o our_o workman_n that_o go_v thither_o and_o even_o the_o skilful_a there_o meet_v with_o a_o great_a inaptitude_n in_o the_o people_n to_o manufacture_n though_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v content_a with_o they_o for_o their_o own_o use_n yet_o they_o can_v perfect_v they_o so_o as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o sell_v they_o as_o to_o any_o tolerable_a price_n in_o the_o same_o market_n with_o we_o a_o pregnant_a instance_n whereof_o we_o have_v a_o few_o year_n since_o some_o of_o our_o merchant_n think_v to_o make_v considerable_a advantage_n by_o buy_v bay_n like_o those_o of_o colchester_n in_o ireland_n and_o give_v commission_n for_o large_a quantity_n which_o be_v buy_v up_o whereupon_o there_o be_v a_o great_a spurt_n of_o trade_n for_o that_o commodity_n for_o a_o little_a time_n but_o notwithstanding_o colchester_n bayes_n be_v the_o easy_a part_n of_o the_o woollen_a manufacture_n to_o be_v make_v imitate_v and_o perfect_v yet_o when_o those_o make_v in_o ireland_n come_v to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o true_a colchester_n bay_n in_o spain_n they_o differ_v so_o much_o for_o the_o worse_o that_o on_o a_o sudden_a the_o irish_a weaver_n lose_v their_o trade_n and_o some_o of_o they_o be_v ruin_v by_o those_o that_o be_v leave_v on_o their_o hand_n not_o be_v able_a to_o find_v a_o market_n for_o they_o here_o you_o also_o see_v one_o reason_n why_o they_o export_v most_o part_n of_o their_o commodity_n raw_a and_o unmanufactured_n 6._o a_o six_o cause_n of_o ireland_n poverty_n be_v the_o cheapness_n of_o land_n in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o easiness_n to_o subsist_v with_o the_o difficulty_n that_o attend_v trade_n there_o which_o make_v their_o merchant_n turn_v purchaser_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v get_v as_o much_o as_o will_v maintain_v their_o family_n whereby_o the_o stock_n in_o trade_n there_o be_v small_a for_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o though_o many_o there_o gain_v a_o livelihood_n by_o trade_n yet_o very_a few_o of_o the_o merchant_n of_o that_o kingdom_n have_v acquire_v considerable_a or_o competent_a estate_n for_o the_o reason_n before_o mention_v and_o because_o of_o the_o many_o clog_n that_o lie_v on_o this_o trade_n which_o will_v herein_o after_o be_v observe_v 7._o add_v to_o these_o their_o improvidence_n the_o prodigality_n and_o excess_n of_o the_o english_a there_o in_o the_o consumption_n of_o foreign_a ware_n most_o superfluity_n which_o they_o may_v well_o be_v without_o as_o fine_a cloth_n stuff_n silks-lace_n haberdashery_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o i_o have_v before_o enumerate_v which_o they_o derive_v whole_o from_o england_n as_o also_o some_o that_o they_o have_v from_o other_o country_n above_o 3000_o tun_n of_o wine_n and_o brandy_n have_v be_v import_v and_o consume_v in_o that_o kingdom_n in_o one_o year_n some_o vice_n and_o some_o virtue_n seem_v to_o adhere_v to_o the_o soil_n of_o most_o country_n however_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v change_v thus_o luxury_n and_o hospitality_n to_o most_o plentiful_a country_n and_o so_o to_o ireland_n especial_o in_o housekeep_v wherein_o they_o exceed_v we_o as_o far_o as_o we_o do_v the_o frugal_a dutch_a and_o so_o be_v no_o saviour_n by_o the_o great_a plenty_n of_o the_o country_n 8._o the_o uninteress_v and_o frequent_a change_n of_o the_o chief_a governor_n who_o be_v most_o send_v they_o from_o england_n who_o transmit_v all_o that_o they_o get_v above_o their_o necessary_a expense_n into_o england_n 9_o the_o frequency_n of_o rebellion_n in_o that_o kingdom_n which_o discourage_v and_o destroy_v all_o improvement_n occasion_v by_o the_o folly_n and_o negligence_n of_o england_n and_o the_o influence_n the_o papist_n have_v always_o have_v on_o our_o council_n so_o that_o on_o their_o reduction_n they_o have_v constant_o find_v such_o favour_n as_o to_o be_v leave_v in_o condition_n to_o renew_v their_o rebellion_n at_o pleasure_n 10._o cause_o of_o ireland_n poverty_n be_v the_o clog_n and_o restraint_n on_o their_o trade_n partly_o by_o england_n partly_o by_o their_o own_o parliament_n who_o by_o a_o perpetual_a law_n have_v incapacitate_v the_o growth_n or_o increase_n of_o their_o trade_n especial_o so_o as_o that_o it_o can_v interfere_v with_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n the_o truth_n be_v both_o parliament_n have_v be_v impose_v on_o partly_o by_o some_o commissioner_n of_o the_o custom_n here_o who_o to_o fix_v themselves_o the_o better_a in_o their_o seat_n and_o at_o once_o to_o ingratiate_v themselves_o at_o court_n and_o with_o the_o english_a merchant_n that_o deal_v to_o the_o plantation_n pretend_v they_o can_v great_o increase_v that_o branch_n of_o the_o revenue_n by_o impose_v hard_a thing_n on_o ireland_n partly_o by_o two_o set_n of_o man_n who_o design_v the_o farm_n of_o the_o custom_n and_o excise_n in_o both_o kingdom_n and_o actual_o do_v farm_n part_v of_o they_o here_o these_o by_o their_o creature_n in_o that_o parliament_n wherein_o be_v some_o pensionary_n under_o pretence_n of_o advance_v trade_n and_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o england_n etc._n etc._n gain_v several_a act_n to_o be_v pass_v very_o disadvantageous_a to_o ireland_n and_o the_o plantation_n and_o of_o little_a or_o no_o advantage_n to_o england_n particular_o those_o that_o bar_v the_o people_n of_o ireland_n from_o carry_v any_o asian_a african_a or_o european_a commodity_n to_o any_o of_o the_o plantation_n but_o provision_n servant_n and_o horse_n except_o they_o be_v bring_v into_o enter_v and_o pay_v custom_n in_o england_n and_o be_v bind_v to_o return_v hither_o with_o the_o proceed_v likewise_o as_o the_o plantation_n heavy_o complain_v of_o these_o act_n so_o do_v the_o people_n of_o ireland_n i_o have_v see_v certain_a reason_n draw_v up_o in_o ireland_n against_o those_o act_n too_o many_o and_o too_o long_o to_o be_v here_o insert_v yet_o be_v they_o fall_v in_o with_o the_o present_a subject_n i_o will_v mention_v some_o of_o they_o viz._n that_o as_o ireland_n be_v the_o ancient_a and_o noble_a so_o be_v it_o the_o most_o beneficial_a acquisition_n of_o england_n not_o only_o by_o take_v off_o annual_o great_a proportion_n of_o the_o natural_a and_o artificial_a commodity_n thereof_o but_o also_o of_o asian_a and_o african_a commodity_n two_o three_o of_o the_o importation_n of_o ireland_n be_v from_o england_n by_o employ_v considerable_a number_n of_o english_a ship_n by_o the_o yearly_a rent_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o such_o as_o live_v in_o england_n and_o of_o absentee_n transmit_v hither_o by_o the_o charge_n of_o student_n at_o the_o university_n and_o inn_n of_o court_n income_n of_o the_o post-office_n sum_v carry_v away_o by_o chief_a governor_n the_o surplusage_n of_o the_o revenue_n etc._n etc._n much_o of_o all_o which_o be_v carry_v into_o england_n in_o cash_n that_o the_o commodity_n export_v from_o ireland_n to_o england_n be_v all_o necessary_a or_o useful_a to_o england_n but_o that_o the_o commodity_n import_v thither_o from_o england_n be_v superfluous_a and_o such_o as_o ireland_n may_v or_o must_v be_v without_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o england_n except_o there_o be_v a_o relaxation_n of_o the_o present_a severity_n put_v on_o that_o kingdom_n that_o ireland_n be_v plant_v with_o english_a or_o those_o of_o english_a extraction_n under_o the_o same_o sovereign_n under_o almost_o all_o the_o same_o law_n with_o england_n in_o some_o respect_n under_o the_o same_o legislative_a power_n for_o
do_v in_o any_o of_o these_o case_n transgress_v they_o be_v sure_a to_o be_v ruin_v by_o the_o commander_n of_o the_o ship_n of_o england_n that_o watch_v that_o trade_n as_o many_o have_v be_v they_o be_v by_o england_n prohibit_v to_o plant_v tobacco_n to_o employ_v their_o land_n at_o home_n that_o be_v lay_v waste_n all_o which_o say_v they_o render_v ireland_n and_o the_o merchant_n thereof_o fit_a object_n of_o his_o majesty_n and_o the_o parliament_n compassion_n which_o they_o hope_v will_n in_o due_a time_n be_v extend_v to_o they_o the_o hard_a circumstance_n in_o which_o they_o we_o be_v once_o understand_v by_o their_o brethren_n of_o england_n it_o be_v some_o relief_n to_o those_o that_o imagine_v themselves_o under_o pressure_n to_o be_v permit_v to_o utter_v their_o complaint_n thus_o i_o have_v out_o of_o their_o own_o mouth_n give_v you_o part_n of_o the_o anxious_a reason_n of_o the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n about_o the_o clog_v lay_v on_o the_o trade_n of_o that_o kingdom_n by_o england_n whereunto_o i_o shall_v add_v one_o more_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o weight_n and_o importance_n of_o it_o to_o england_n i_o be_o not_o willing_a to_o omit_v and_o it_o be_v this_o that_o if_o these_o restraint_n be_v intend_v to_o compel_v they_o to_o take_v off_o more_o commodity_n from_o england_n or_o that_o they_o shall_v trade_n only_o with_o england_n they_o be_v ill_o design_v for_o that_o according_a to_o the_o state_n into_o which_o england_n have_v bring_v the_o trade_n of_o that_o kingdom_n as_o be_v before_o set_v forth_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o people_n of_o ireland_n to_o enlarge_v their_o trade_n with_o england_n for_o shall_v they_o buy_v more_o of_o england_n than_o they_o do_v and_o have_v do_v for_o five_o year_n past_a they_o be_v by_o these_o prohibition_n render_v uncapable_a to_o pay_v for_o it_o bat_n on_o the_o contrary_a england_n have_v by_o these_o restraint_n lay_v a_o absolute_a necessity_n on_o ireland_n to_o take_v off_o less_o of_o the_o product_n and_o manufactury_n of_o england_n than_o they_o have_v former_o take_v off_o for_o when_o they_o enjoy_v liberty_n to_o carry_v their_o manufacture_n as_o well_o as_o provision_n to_o the_o plantation_n they_o usual_o bring_v the_o product_n of_o they_o into_o england_n which_o they_o truck_v for_o english_a commodity_n or_o therewith_o pay_v their_o debt_n here_o or_o if_o they_o pay_v duty_n and_o export_v they_o to_o holland_n etc._n etc._n they_o return_v the_o proceed_v of_o they_o into_o england_n and_o apply_v it_o to_o the_o use_n beforementioned_a but_o see_v england_n have_v not_o only_o shut_v but_o fast_o lock_v this_o door_n also_o against_o they_o they_o must_v now_o though_o with_o much_o regret_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o england_n necessary_o seek_v new_a trade_n and_o supply_v themselves_o for_o future_a from_o place_n where_o they_o can_v vend_fw-mi their_o native_a product_n and_o manufacture_n whatever_o there_o be_v in_o their_o former_a reason_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o this_o last_o deserve_v due_a consideration_n as_o be_v of_o importance_n to_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n but_o here_o i_o will_v put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o exercise_n of_o your_o patience_n as_o to_o that_o particular_a as_o to_o the_o clog_v lay_v on_o their_o trade_n by_o their_o own_o parliament_n they_o have_v fall_v in_o and_o be_v mention_v with_o those_o lay_v on_o they_o by_o england_n the_o most_o considerable_a be_v that_o clause_n in_o the_o act_n of_o custom_n which_o impose_v one_o three_o more_o subsidy_n on_o all_o commodity_n import_v into_o ireland_n except_o those_o import_v from_o england_n or_o the_o plantation_n this_o they_o say_v be_v add_v to_o the_o bill_n in_o england_n however_o it_o be_v pass_v by_o their_o own_o parliament_n and_o be_v in_o effect_n or_o be_v intend_v by_o those_o which_o add_v it_o as_o a_o prohibition_n of_o their_o trade_n with_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n but_o england_n another_o discouragement_n which_o they_o allege_v be_v the_o exorbitant_a fine_n in_o the_o act_n for_o excise_n in_o ireland_n as_o loss_n of_o franchise_n imprisonment_n and_o the_o barbarous_a corporal_a punishment_n to_o be_v inflict_v thereby_o etc._n etc._n which_o be_v such_o that_o merchant_n and_o slave_n in_o ireland_n be_v convertible_a term_n and_o have_v indeed_o be_v fit_a to_o have_v be_v impose_v on_o slave_n at_o algiers_n than_o on_o freeborn_a english_a men._n if_o the_o view_n i_o have_v give_v you_o of_o the_o trade_n and_o condition_n of_o ireland_n have_v not_o satisfy_v you_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o improvement_n of_o that_o kingdom_n that_o have_v lessen_v the_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o england_n i_o presume_v the_o answer_n to_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o inquiry_n we_o be_v upon_o will_n full_o do_v it_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o query_n be_v what_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o have_v occasion_v the_o rent_n of_o land_n to_o have_v abate_v or_o fall_v one_o five_o part_n or_o considerable_o since_o the_o year_n 1662._o this_o query_n suppose_v that_o land_n general_o throughout_o england_n do_v in_o 1662._o or_o thereabouts_o yield_v considerable_o more_o rend_v than_o now_o they_o do_v i_o be_v desirous_a to_o inform_v myself_o as_o to_o the_o certainty_n of_o it_o lest_o this_o unhappiness_n shall_v have_v be_v only_o particular_a to_o yourself_o and_o some_o few_o about_o you_o i_o have_v the_o curiosity_n to_o inquire_v in_o survey_n fifteen_o mile_n from_o london_n whether_o like_o abatement_n have_v happen_v there_o as_o in_o your_o part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o i_o have_v many_o instance_n give_v i_o where_o several_a parcel_n of_o land_n which_o in_o 1662._o and_o 1663._o yield_v 50_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v now_o set_v upon_o the_o rack-rent_a at_o 22_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o so_o proportionable_o for_o great_a and_o less_o quantity_n of_o land_n so_o that_o be_v confirm_v in_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n i_o have_v therefore_o the_o more_o studious_o inquire_v into_o the_o cause_n thereof_o to_o resolve_v this_o query_n to_o satisfaction_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o we_o retrospect_n the_o condition_n of_o england_n unto_o the_o time_n when_o land_n be_v at_o a_o very_a low_a and_o mean_a value_n as_o to_o the_o rent_n of_o they_o and_o if_o we_o can_v find_v what_o it_o be_v that_o raise_v they_o to_o those_o high_a rent_n they_o yield_v about_o 1662._o it_o be_v probable_a that_o that_o will_v direct_v or_o help_v we_o to_o find_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o their_o abatement_n to_o go_v no_o further_a back_n than_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n iii_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o england_n have_v no_o manufacture_n few_o ship_n little_a or_o no_o exportation_n but_o a_o little_a leather_n beside_o wool_n and_o woolfells_a of_o which_o sometime_o 30000_o at_o other_o time_n 10000_o sack_n be_v annual_o export_v for_o custom_n of_o which_o that_o king_n receive_v 25000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la england_n neither_o have_v nor_o affect_v trade_n further_o than_o in_o our_o own_o sea_n and_o to_o the_o netherlands_o or_o not_o to_o any_o purpose_n but_o live_v whole_o or_o most_o by_o tillage_n and_o pasturage_n of_o cattle_n so_o that_o be_v destitute_a of_o manufacture_n and_o trade_n land_n yield_v less_o rend_v in_o england_n at_o that_o time_n than_o they_o do_v in_o ireland_n thirty_o four_o year_n ago_o which_o be_v soon_o after_o that_o kingdom_n have_v be_v depopulate_v by_o the_o rebellion_n of_o 1641._o when_o good_a land_n be_v set_v at_o 12_o d._n per_fw-la acre_n this_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o low_a rate_n of_o provision_n in_o london_n in_o this_o reign_n where_o a_o fat_a ox_n be_v sell_v for_o 6_o s._n 8_o d._n a_o fat_a sheep_n 6_o d._n five_o pigeon_n 1_o d._n a_o quarter_n of_o wheat_n 2_o s._n a_o fat_a goose_n 2_o d._n the_o product_n of_o the_o field_n be_v so_o cheap_a the_o rent_n of_o land_n must_v needs_o be_v very_o low_a stow_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o this_o king_n reign_n a_o tax_n of_o 5_o l._n 16_o s._n 8_o d._n be_v lay_v on_o each_o parish_n in_o england_n that_o 112_o l._n be_v abate_v to_o suffolk_n and_o the_o like_a sum_n to_o devonshire_n because_o of-the_a extreme_a poverty_n of_o those_o county_n but_o since_o they_o have_v become_v the_o seat_n of_o several_a manufacture_n the_o case_n be_v much_o mend_v with_o they_o this_o wise_a and_o warlike_a king_n be_v as_o masculine_a in_o his_o counsel_n as_o valiant_a in_o arm_n project_v at_o once_o the_o enlarge_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o the_o enrich_n of_o they_o he_o observe_v that_o his_o english_a wool_n be_v transport_v to_o the_o netherlands_o wrought_v up_o there_o and_o part_n of_o they_o return_v in_o drapery_n etc._n etc._n with_o vast_a advantage_n