any thynge possible than to retourne home agayn ouercoÌ„e Wherfore the Carthaginenses desyred some other coÌ„dicion or apoyntment to be made indiffereÌ„t equall bytwene both the parties The CireneÌ„ses coÌ„sented therto put the CarthagineÌ„ses in choyse whyther they wold be quicke buryed in that same place whiche they desyred for their marches and bouÌ„des or els that the Cirenenses vnder the same coÌ„dicion shulde ê“cede forwarde to that place whiche they desyred for their marches and there to be quicke buryed vnder the same maner The .ii. bretherne both named Phylene alowed and graunted the coÌ„dicion subduyng abandonyng their bodyes to deth for the profet and we le of their contrey cite of Carthage and so were they buryed quicke Wherfore the Carthaginenses in the same place where they were buryed raysed halowed .ii. auters in worshyp remeÌ„brance of these two brethern which set more by encrese of their contrey than by their owne lyues These auters to this preseÌ„t day be called the Phylene auts after the name of the .ii. brethern named Phylenis therunder buryed as sayd is for wele of their contrey also besyde this memorial wtin the cite of Carthage were many other thingê ordayned to the gret honour of them remembrance of their worthy dede ¶ But nowe wyll I leaue this mater reteurne to my purpose ¶ How Iugurth assembled a newe army of the rude getulyans agaynst the romayns and how he associated vnto hym Bocchus kynge of the Mauriens to strengthe hym in batayle agaynst Metellus ¶ The .xlvii. chapyter WHan Iugurth had lost the citie of Thala one of the strongest cities of his lande as sayd is before than he consydred well that in all his kyngdome was no place stronge ynough to resyst the myght of Metellus Wherfore he hasted hym with a small coÌ„pany through desertes and great wyldernesse fleyng from his owne contrey And at last he came to the lande of Getulians whiche is a maner of people rude wylde without order or maners and at that season nought knowyng of the preemyneÌ„t honour fame of the romayne empire Of this people Iugurth assembled a multitude togyder and by lytell lytell enduced taught them by custome and exercyse to folowe the order of chyualry to kepe array to insue their standerdes to obey the coÌ„maundementes of their capitayns to discerne and haue knowlege of the signifiaunce of soundes of trumpettes and to obserue all other poyntes belongyng to warfare chyualry These thyngê with otherlike necessary to batayle Iugurth ceassed nat to prepare and ordayne with all diligence ¶ Moreouer he prouoked vnto his fauour and felowshyp by great rewardes moch gretter promises suche as were most nere frendes to Bocchus kyng of the maurieÌ„s by whose helpe he hymselfe went to the kyng Bocchus moche desyred hym in his quarell with hym to warre agaynst the romayns To this request of Iugurth Bocchus agreed somoch the more for asmoche as at first begynnynge of the same warre this Bocchus sent vnto Rome embassadours to desyre of the romayns amyte and a bonde of coÌ„tinuall peace bytwene hym them But nat withstandyng that this peticion peace was moche expedieÌ„t necessary to the romayns for diuerse coÌ„sideracions and namely bycause of this warre Nat the lesse it was nat grauÌ„ted by meane of a fewe such as at Rome blynded with auarice were wont to sell for money euery thyng both honest and dishonest Also befor this tyme the doughter of Iugurth was spoused to the sayed Bocchus But this bonde of frendshyp of affinite among the numidiÌ„es mauriens is reputed but of effect bycause they ar wont euery man to haue diuerse many wyues acordyng to their substaÌ„ce richesse Some .x. and some mo after as they ar of abylite or power to meÌ„tayne But the kyngê bycause they ar of most power substaÌ„ce therfore haue they mo than an other Thus is their mynde and fauour distract diuersly deuyded from all their wyues for the multitude of theÌ„ and bycause they haue so many so that they reserue none for their speciall bed felowe Wherfore they all ar reputed vyle lytell set by after one maner Thus the affinite bytwene these two kyngê Iugurth Bocchus was lytell set by and small thyng auayled in this besynesse Nat withstandynge both they their hoostes caÌ„e togyder in a place apoynted therto where after that they had gyuen taken fayth and trueth one to other of fidelite to be obserued bytwene them Iugurth greatly inhauÌ„ced lyfted vp the mynde of Bocchus with his wordes sayeng that the romains were iniust grounded in auarice without suffisance or measure And coÌ„men ennemies to euery man and to euery contrey and that they had asmoch quarell agaynst Bocchus as agaynst hym And one selfe cause to warre agaynst them both and also agaynst many other nacions whiche cause was but onely the pleasure of great lordshyp riches So that for the same cause all kyngdomes to theÌ„ were aduers coÌ„trary and that he hymselfe to them was enmy for the same cause And nat longe before that tyme the CarthagineÌ„ses and aftwarde Perses kyng of Macedony were subdued vndone by the romayns without any iust tytle or cause of batyle saue onely ambicion enuy whiche the romayns had agaynst them And that in tyme to come euery nacyon whiche shulde haue welth and richesse shuld become ennemies to the romayns for their inordynat pride in saciable couetyse ¶ With these wordes and otherlyke Iugurth moued the mynde of Bocchus agaynst the romayns In somoche that anone a day was apoynted bytwene bothe the kynges to procede forth togyder to the towne of Cyrtha and to assayle the same with both their powers conioyned This towne they purposed first of all to besige bycause Metellus had left with in the same towne his prayes and prisoners which he had taken of Iugurth And also moche of his owne ordynauÌ„ce had he left there to a voyde impedyment in his voyage Thus Iugurth thought most expedient to do For if the myght wyn the towne by assaut before the rescous of Metellus he thought that shuld be moost to his honour and profet Or els yf the romayne capitayne Metellus and his army shulde come to socours of the towne than thought he that there both hymselfe and Bocchus shuld gyue batayle to Metellus Iugurth for craft and subtylte hasted hereto somoche the more to tangle Bocchus in the warre before any place shulde be moued bytwene hym the romayns And lest the same Bocchus by proloÌ„gyng of the tyme myght rather encline to peace than to warre after he at leasour shuld haue taken better couÌ„sell and aduisement For Iugurth suspected at begynnynge that Metellus in processe of tyme wolde desyre this Bocchus nat to medyll in this warre assistyng the part of Iugurth nor mentayning his cause ¶ Howe Metellus vsed hymselfe herynge that these two kynges were confederat agaynst hym and how after he was certifyed
shulde be vnto you nat lesse intyerly beloued than of myne owne naturall chyldren with my body begotten Nor certainly this my hath nat dysceyued me For why to ouerpasse your other great magnificent and excellent dedes of you valyauntly done before specially now last of all coÌ„myng from the warre of Numance ye greatly adourned inhaunced to honoure and glory bothe of myne owne persone this my kyngdome And where as the romains in fore tymes were frendes vnto vs by your vertue and manly actes ye haue establysshed that amytie and of frendes made them moche more frendes So that in Hispayne the name glory of our housholde by your manhode is renouate and renewed Thus finally ye haue ouercome the enuy of your ylwyllers onely by your glorious actes and valiauÌ„t interprises whiche is one of the moost hardyest thynges to be done amonge mankynde and of moost difficultie Wherfore nowe my sonne Iugurth sythe it is so that nature hath nere concluded the ende of my lyfe I admonest charge and exhorte you by the fayth of your right hand and by the fayth and fidelite whiche ye owe to this my kyngdome I obtest and requyre you that ye loue mentayne and cherysshe these my two sonnes Adherball Hiempsall which of kynred be nere to you and by my benefite and kyndnes are bretherne vnto you Forthermore I exhorte you that ye couÌ„tenat leferre and more pleasure to acquaynt and coÌ„ioyne vnto you forayns or straungers rather than to retayne suche as be ioyned to you by naturall blode kynred For neyther is a great army of men nor habundance of treasours the châ—fe socours or defence of a kyngdome but moche rather trusty and faythfull frendes whome a man can neyther compelleâ— by force of armes nor yet bye with golde nor syluer to parseuer in stedfast amyte but they be oâ—tayned kept by kyndnesse good dedes fidelite and faythfulnesse But among all frendes who can be more frendly and stedfast in amyte than brother to brother Certaynly none ought to be more louyng of naturall inclinacion Or what strauÌ„ger shal ye fynd faythfull and trusty to you if ye shewe yourselfe ennemy to your owne kynsmen For sothe if ye coÌ„tynue togyder honest good and louynge in agreable concorde bytwene yourselfe thanne this kyngdome which I committe and gâ—ue vnto you shall continue sure and stedfast as it is nowe But coÌ„trarely if ye be yll and disagreynge among yourselfe ye shall in short season make it ryght poore feble and incertayne For by loue peace and concorde small ryches small lordshyppes and generally all small thynges increase and multiplie by discorde the grettest thynges of the worlde decay and fall vtterly to ruyne But you my sonne Iugurthe bycause ye passe these myne other two naturall sonÌ„es in age and wysdome therfore it semeth you so moche more than them to make suche wyse prouision bothe for yourselfe and for them also that nothyng happen otherwyse than well For in euery stryffe and debate howe be it he whiche is myghtyer and rycher often suffreth iniury Neuerthelesse it semeth more that he dothe wronge thanne suffreth bycause that he is more of power and myght thanne his feble aduersary But ye my dere sonnes Adherball and Hiempsall se that ye worshyppe and loue this Iugurth your worthy vncle And bewarre that ye nat offende nor dysplease hym but folow his vertue manly behauour And do your deuoir to the best of your power after his example behauynge yourselfe so discretely and so wysely that it be nat hereafter reported by me that I haue takenne vnto me by adoption better chyldren thanne I haue begotten Thus concluded the kyng Micipsa his wordes How beit Iugurth well perceyued the kynges wordes but fayned and spoken agaynst his hert if any other remedy myght haue ben fouÌ„de neuertheles he answered benygnely for the tyme all if he thought and reuoulued in his mynde moche otherwyse and contrary to his humble and mylde answere ¶ Howe the kynge Micipsa departed from lyfe and of the first cause of dissencion and discorde betwene Iugurth Adherball Hiempsall ¶ The .vii. chapter NAt longe after the kynge Micipsa decessed whose dethe was dolourous and sore bewayled of all his subgettê but most of all to his naturall sonnes it was to be lameÌ„ted and nat without great cause as the processe of this hystorie shall afterwarde declare But after the kyngê funerall exequies were magnificently ended as apertayned to his state royall The thre princes that is to say Adherball Hiempsall and Iugurth anone assembled to the intent to commen and treat of busynesses of the royalme coÌ„cernynge particion and separation of the same and all other thynges conuenient But whan they shulde sytte and take their places in order Hiempsall yongest of the thre was somwat fyers of nature and disposed to statelynesse And in mynde longe before this tyme he disdayned the ignobilite of Iugurth for asmoche as he was vnlyke vnto them of byrth towchynge his mothers syde and a bastarde borne as is sayd before Wherfore he dysdayned that the same Iugurthe shulde haue the place of moost honoure among them whiche were naturall sonnes of a kynge and also laufully borne and so in contempt of Iugurth he set hym selfe downe on the ryght hande of his brother Adherball to thyntent that Iugurthe shulde nat syt in the myddes bytwene them whiche rowme the Numydyens count of most honour And afterwarde howbeit his brother Adherbal requyred hym often to gyue place to Iugurth bycause of his age yet vnnethes coude be with moche payne induce hym therto but at laste fatygate by requestes of his brother and of other noble men of the realme he chaunged his place and set hym vpon the other syde with countenauÌ„ce declaryng his mynde nat coÌ„tented And thus at laste satte Iugurth for his age in the myddes bytwene them bothe as in place of moost honour Whanne the thre princes were thus sette and had communed of many thynges concernynge the adminystracion of the kyngdome amonge many and dyuers other thynges Iugurth sayd that all the statutes and ordynaunces whiche the kynge Micipsa hadde made fyue yeres before his deth ought of congruence to be adnulled as of none effecte For in that season as sayde he his wyt what for age what for syckenesse was feble dull and of small valoure And therfore suche thynges as he had in that space enacted were done without wysdome or reason Whanne Hiempsall herde Iugurth thus speke he answered sayenge that it pleased hym ryght well that it shulde so be done For within the same thre yeres sayd he our father Micipsa hath adopted you to his sonne and in his testameÌ„t ordayned you to be partiner of his kyngdome whiche was the worst and most vnaduised dede that euer he dyd yonge or olde Wherfore Iugurth accordynge to your owne ordynaunce this must fyrst of all be adnulled and broken whiche done my brother and I shall nat greatly contende for the remenant These wordes of Hiempsall
Iugurth and howe Marius was creat consull and assigned to execute the warre of Numidy at pleasure of the coÌ„mens agaynst the wyll of all the noble men of Rome ¶ The .xliii. chapyter WHan Metellus by such as fled bitwene the two parties vnderstode of the chance of Bomilchar and of this treason disclosed he began than agayne to coÌ„tende with Iugurth with open warre and therto hasted all thyng necessary and expedient And considryng that Marius was coÌ„tinually cryeng on hym for the sayd licence and congy to depart to Rome and also greuous hatefull and contrary to hym aduysynge hym nat moche necessary but lytell mete iÌ„ so sharpe a besynes And seyng hym yll wyllyng to euery thyng he graunted hym lyceÌ„ce at last to departe toward Rome as he before had often requyred and demaunded by peticion ¶ But as I haue sayd longe before the letters whiche were sende to Rome to the coÌ„mens by fauourers of Marius were well accepted For whan the coÌ„mentie had ouersene them and by them vnderstode the praysyng of Marius the dispraysyng of Metellus They were all inclined vtterly to the auauÌ„cemeÌ„t of Marius detraccion of the other The noblenes of Metellus the capitayne whiche was before to his great worshyp honour tourned nowe to enuy hatered agaynst hym But the lownes vnnoblenes of Marius encreased to hym fauour specially of the coÌ„mentie which were come of vnnoble blode as he was But the diligence fauour of both the parties that is to say of thestates which helde with Metellus of the coÌ„mens that helde with Marius dyd measure gyde euery thynge rather than the good or yll disposicions of the two aduersaryes Metellus or Marius For the commens to dy for it concluded to exalte Marius And the estates in the same maner laboured to kepe hym vnder bycause he was vnnoble borne and to exalte none saue them which were come of noble progeny Farthermore the maisters and heed officers of the coÌ„mentie which loued debate at euery assemble and coÌ„gregacion of the coÌ„menssore blamed Metellus and dispised his dedes desyring of the coÌ„mens that Metellus might be put to the punysshe of his heed sayng that he was so worthy for that he ê“longed the warr in Numidy agaynst Iugurth more than nede was But in dispisyng and accusyng Metellus they forgat nat to coÌ„mende Marius and exalt hym with wordes som what to moche and more than he was worthy in many poyntes In somoche that the people were so greatly enclyned to hym with their fauoure that all the crafty men and labourers of the cite and also of the countrey whiche had no lyuyng saue in the labour of their handes left their warke and bâ—synesse and folowed Marius frequentyng and resortyng to his company And sette more by his auauncement and honour than by their owne profet or aduauntage trustyng that after yf he optayned the sayd honoure they shulde haue their lyuenge by hym And thus shortly to speke the estates and noble men of Rome beynge sore astonyed the consulshyp was coÌ„mytted to Marius a newe gentylmen whose predecessours before hym to such dignite coude neuer attayne were counted vnworthy Thus that thynge whiche many yeres before that tyme coude neuer be done nor brought about was nowe brought to effect that is to say the consulshyp which was the most excellent dignite of Rome was nowe in handes of the commentie coÌ„mytted to a man of basse byrth Shortly after this the protectour of the coÌ„mentie named Lucius Manlius enquyred demaunded of the people whome it wolde please them to sende into Numidy to finysshe the warre with Iugurgth The most part of the coÌ„mentie answered that Marius shulde haue that office besynesse how beit a lytell before that tyme the senatours had assigned by their ordinaunce the prouince of Numidy to Metellus for his worthy dedes wherfore nowe this ordinaunce was frustrate voyde For the coÌ„mentie wolde haue their statutes executed fulfylled ¶ Of the seconde batell foughten bytwene Metellus and Iugurth and howe Iugurth lost the batayle and also one of his chiefe townes named Thala ¶ The .xliiii. chapyter IN the meane tyme whyle the interprise of Marius proceded thus forwarde at Rome Iugurth was sore troubled iÌ„ his mynde for many coÌ„sideracions First he consydred the losse of many whome he reputed for his frendes tyll before he knewe their treason of whom he had many put to deth and many other had fled from hym for feare some to the romayns and other some to Bocchus kynge of the mauriens He called also to his mynde that without ministers an men of warre he was nat able to execute the warre and more ouer he thought it ieopardous after so great falshode and treason of his olde fâ—endes to proue or assay the fidelite of newe For these causes and mo lyke as I haue sayd before his mynde was driuen to and fro variable incertayne in diuers opynions Insomoch that there was no maner thyng no couÌ„sell nor no maner man that coude sufficiently satisfy nor please his mynde He changed his iournayes and wayes euery day into sondry places for feare of treson Somtyme he addressed hym towarde his ennemies and anone after retourned into wodes wyldernesses Often tymes he had trust coÌ„fidence in flyght and anone after put his trust in armour batayle He douted whyther he myght lesse trust to strength or trueth of his men which were with hym so that what euer he purposed to do or whyther so euer he intended euery thynge was coÌ„trary to hym But whyle Iugurth thus prolonged and taryed sodenly Metellus with his army appered in his syght Iugurth that parceyuyng set in order and array his numidyeÌ„s aswell as he might aft the short tyme which he had therto And immidyatly the armyes approched and the batayle began In that part of the batayle where Iugurth hymselfe was they stroue and resysted a lytell space but all the other numidyens at the first brunt concourse or assaut were put to flyght with violence and driuen backwarde The romayns toke some of their standerdes and armour which they fleyng away left behynde them but of their ennemies they toke but fewe For the Numidiens in that batayle and almoost in all other defended themselfe better with their fete thaÌ„ with their handes or armoure Iugurth at this tyme mystrusted his case moche more than at any other tyme euer before for the cowardous withdrawyng of his people Wherfore he acoÌ„panyed hymselfe with the romayns which had forsaken and betrayed Metellus fled to hym With them and with a part of his horsmen he fled into the wyldernesses therby and from thens vnto a towne named Thala which was a great towne a richâ— and moch of his treasour of the aparell longyng to the yongth of his yong chyldren was in the same towne But whan Metellus vnderstode that Iugurth was fled to so ryche a towne how beit he knewe that bytwene the towne and
spoyled fro me In this myn iniury be ye dispysed Wo is me miserable exulate Alas my dere father Micipsa ar your gode dedes kyndnes anenst Iugurth come to this poynt and coÌ„clusion that he before all other shuld namely be dystroyer of your lynage chyldren whome ye haue made felowe with your owne sonÌ„es also partyner of yor kyngdome alas than shal our stocke houshold neruer be quyet Shall we alway betossed turned in effusion of blode in batayle in exyle in chasing froÌ„ our couÌ„trey ¶ Whyle the Carthaginences raygned in prosperite we suffred and that pacieÌ„tly nat vndeserued all cruelte vexacion For them were our ennemies on euery syde of vs our frendes in whome we shuld haue founde socour at tyme of nede were ferre disioyned separate from vs. Thus all our hope all our trust was in our strength armour But nowe after that pestilent dystruction of the Carthaginences is chased casten out of Affrike we coÌ„tinued a tyme ioyfull quyet passynge our lyfe in peace and traÌ„quilite for why we had no ennemy except paradueÌ„ture for any iniury done agaynst you ye wold commauÌ„de vs to take your enmy for ours also as reason and ryght requyred But nowe sodaynly vnwarely to vs this Iugurth exaltynge hymselfe by his intollerable audacite by cruelte pryde hath first slayne my brother his owne nere kynsmam Hiempsall in augmentynge his myschefe hath vsurped to hym as in pray my brothers part porcion of the kyngdome of Numydy and after seynge that he myght nat take me lyke maner of trayne as he had done my brother what tyme I douted nothynge lesse than any violence or batayle in the kyngdome whiche I holde of you he hath chased me as ye may se out of your kyngdome and hath made me as an abiect outlawe chased from my couÌ„trey and dweâ—yng place oppressed with pouerty laded with miseryes In so moche that I may be in more suerty saue garde in any place of the worlde than in my owne natyfe couÌ„trey kyngdome whiche I holde of you Forsothe worthy senatours I haue euer thought in lyke maner as I haue oftentymes herde my father Micipsa openly report with sadnesse sayeng that they which shuld diligeÌ„tly coÌ„tynue in your frendshyp by theyr meritê must take great labors at many tymes vpon themselfe in your causes but of all men they wer most sure from iniury of any man And sothely all my lynage hath done asmoche as in them was at your desyres And euer hath ben redy in all batayls nedes to assyst you Wherfore if ye folowe the preceptê of gratitude if ye bere in remeÌ„braunce these merites of myne auncetry it is bothe right honesty that in this myne extreme necessite ye ayde socour me restore me agayn to quyetnes whyle ye haue none other busynesses in hand whiche may be to you iÌ„pedimeÌ„t iÌ„ this enterprise Moost discret fathers more brefely clerly to declare vnto you my coÌ„plaint my mysery And also to certify your excellence more playnly of myne vnnaturall vnkynd kynsman Iugurth and of his cruelte It is nat vnknowen vnto yor mageste that my father Micipsa after his departyng left behynde hym vs two brethern his naturall laufull sonÌ„es supposyng that by his benefytes merites Iugurth shulde be ioyned with vs as thyrde brother But alas moche coÌ„trary th one of vs is murdred by this cruell Iugurth blynded by insaciable ambicion desyre of dominion And I my selfe the seconde brother skarsly and with great difficulte haue escaped his cruell vnmercyfull haÌ„des what may I do or whether shall I rathest fle for confort vnhappy exulate thus desolate infortunate as I am All the socours all the coÌ„fort of my stocke kynred is extinct by deth my grandfather Massinissa my father Micipsa as necessite hath coÌ„strayned them haue payed the generall tribute of nature delyuered from these muÌ„dayne vexacioÌ„s by naturall deth My nere kynsman Iugurth moch otherwyse than it be came hym to do hath cursedly bereft my brother of his lyfe by tyranny myscheuous couetise of dominion myne other kynsmen by coÌ„sanguynite affinite withall myne other frendes by his cruelte ben also oppressed or put to dethe some by one meanes some by other some of hym be taken captyue some put to shamefull deth of gybet galous or crosse with most cruell tourment some be casten to wylde rapinous beestes to be deâ—oured of them A fewe whiche ar left with theyr lyues are closed in dongyons darknes passyng theyr miserable lyues with mournyng waylyng more greuous than deth Thus â—m I inuyroned with anguysshe on euery syde But if it wer so that all these socours whiche I haue lost by cruelte of Iugurth or if all thyngê which be turned to me from prosperite to aduersite remayned to this hour hole without detrimeÌ„t or daÌ„mage lyke as they were in my best estate yet certaynly noble senatours if any yll or mysfortune vnprouided shulde happen vnto me I durst be bolde to call your ayde and confort Bycause it semeth you to haue cure of right wrong belongyng to euery man coÌ„sydryng the excellent magnitude gretnes of your empire and to suffre no vertue vnrewarded nor vice vnpunysshed and finally no wretch oppressed to contynue vndefended But now moost of all sythe I am exulate from my natyf couÌ„trey from the kyngdome which my father ruled vnder you and from my owne house dwellyng place also nedy and poore of all thyngê belongynge to myne estate and alone without company or defence to whome or to what place may I resorte or in whome may I call for ayde or conforte in these my manyfolde miseries Shall I resorte or call for socours of nacions or of kynges adiacent and about the lande of Numydy alas I shulde lytell preuayle or nought at all Syth all they for your amyte ioyned with you be mortall ennemyse to vs to our lynage may I resort to any contrey about vs but that I shulde fynde there many tokens of cruelte of warre which my fathers haue done in theyr tymes passed in your causes Whyther shall any of them which haue ben our old ennemis haue mercy or coÌ„passyon on vs nowe in this our extremite But finally most noble senatours my father Micipsa thus ordred vs at his departynge and gaue vs in commaundemeÌ„t that we shulde obserue nor mentayne the frendshyppe of none other kyng nor people saue onely of the people of Rome and that we shuld seke no newe felowshyp nor newe confederacions or bondes of coÌ„corde sayeng that in your frendshyp helpe we shuld fynde great socours ayde and that largely But if it shuld fortune that the welth of this your empire shuld fall into ruyne or chaÌ„ge from this excelleÌ„ce whiche the goddes defende than sayde he that we and our kyngdome of necessite shulde also decay togyder with you But now lauded be the goddes by whose helpe fauour
and by your owne strength vertue ye be at this tyme myghty riche all thyng to you is prosperous and to your coÌ„maundement obeyng Wherfore it is somoch more laufull easy and conuenient to you to take cure charge in redressyng thin iuries done to yor frendes felowes I am onely in drede and dout of this one thynge lest the frendshyp singulier fauour of Iugurth nat parfetly knowen as he is worthy do induce the myndes of some to parcialite agaynst Iustice and ryght I here vnderstaÌ„de that such labour withall theyr myght for fauour of Iugurth goynge about from man to man prayng and intreatyng with moche solicitude many of you a part by one one desirynge requiryng you to determine no thynge agaynst Iugurth whyle he is absent the mater and cause nat knowen perfetly I here suche ê‘sons corrupt with parcialite and fauour obiectyng secretly agaynst me and sayeng that I fayne and ymagyn these wordes to accuse Iugurth vndeseruyngly and that I fayne to be chased forth of my lande by hym wher as I myght surely ynough haue remayned within the kyngdome of Numidy That wold god I myght se ones the cursed vnkynde kynsman of myne Iugurth by whose vnmercyfull cruell dedes I am casten in these miseries in such case that he were faynyng the same thynges vnder lyke maner as I fayne them at this tyme and wolde god I myght ones se hym as truely wtout faynyng dryuen out of the land of Numidy as I am nowe chased from the same by his cruelty and wolde god that at last other ye or els the immortall goddes wold so care for the busynesses troubles of vs myserable men in erth that the same Iugurth which now bereth hyÌ„selfe proud of his synfull dedes shewyng hymselfe countyng hym noble onely bycause he escapeth vnpunyssâ—ed for his synÌ„e cruelte myght therfore suffre greuous punysshmeÌ„t wtall my miseries other myscheues yls acordyng to his deseruynge for his vnmercyfull cruelte shewed agaynst our father Micipsa in murdryng of my dere brother Hiempsall chasyng me forth of my natyfe couÌ„tre thus oppressed with all miseries in extreme necessite O my brother my brother Hiempsall most dere to my hart of all creatures howbeit nowe thy lyfe is bereft the in thy flouryng youth longe before thy naturall hour of deth and that by cruelte of hym whome it semed nat of all men so to haue done neuertheles me thynketh in my mynd this chauÌ„ce of thy deth more to be ioyned of than to be sorowed For thou hast nat onely lost thy lyfe thy kyngdome but also thou hast escaped this chasynge this flyght this exyle this nede this pouerty withall other wretchednesses miseries whiche oppresseth me wtout coÌ„fort or socours But I vnhappy miserable exulate thus throwen downe from my fathers kyngdome into so many yls so great myseries may welbe an example and spectacle to al the world of the mutable courses wherin fortune turneth mankynd O my dere brother vncertayne am I what I do whyther I thus distitute of socour and ayde may persecute and reueng thy iniuries thy deth or els whether I may prouide and seke socours for recoueryng of the lande of Numidy I am in that case that my lyfe deth dependeth in the socour of other men Wold god I were deed out of hande if deth myght be an honest conclusion of these my miserable misfortunes rather than to be counted as content pleased to lyue in rebuke and shame as an exulate weryed ouercom with iniuries and gyueng place to the iniust cruelte of tyrannous persecucion and as nat able nor bolde to resist the same But nowe certaynly it is agaynst my wyll that I lyue for in my lyfe I haue no lyking nor pleasure and yet can I nat dye without dishonour Wherfore moost prudent fathers noble senatours these premisses consydred I obtest humbly requyre you in honour of the goddes immortall for thauncieÌ„t amyte bytwene you and my forefathers for the naturall loue whiche ye haue agaynst your chyldren parentes and by the mageste of the people of Rome this your most excellent empire haue pyte of my manyfolde calamitees socour this my misery Resist this tyrannous dealyng iniury of Iugurth commytted nat onely agaynst my wretched persone but also agaynst you and your empire Suffre nat the kyngdome of Numidy which is your owne to decay and be distroyed by cruell tyranny of Iugurth and by the effusion of blode and murdre of the linage of Massinissa somtyme most faythfull and constant frende of this your empire ¶ Howe the embassadours of Iugurth replyed agaynst these wordes of Adherball what dyreccion was taken for bothe parties of the senatours of Rome ¶ The .xi. chapter AFter that Adherball in forme aboue writen had ended his complaynt anone the embassadours of Iugurth arose answerd brefely in fewe wordes as they whiche had more trust confidence in theyr great gyftes gyuen before to many of the rulers of Rome than in any right of theyr cause and thus they replyed in effecte sayeng before the senatours that Hiempsall was slayne of the Numidyans for his owne hastines cruelte and nat by knowlege of Iugurth and as touchyng Adherball he began warr agaynst Iugurth of his owne froward mynd without any occasion but after he was ouercome in batayle bycause he was nat able to reueng hym selfe nor to make his partie good he fled vnto Rome to complayne hym to the senators of Iugurth where as all the faute was in hymselfe and in none other concernyng the partie of Iugurth they requyred the senatours in his behalfe in his absence to count hym none other than he was ê“ued knowen in the warre of Numance and that they wold nat set more by the wordes of his ennemy than by his dedes magnificently proued This sayd anone after bothe parties deê‘ted in sonder from the court Immediatly the senatours toke couÌ„sell what best was to be done in the cause The fauourers of Iugurth of his embassadours and more ouer a great part of the senatours were corrupt before by parcialite fauour and rewardê of Iugurth and so deprauat that they contemned set at nought the wordes of Adherball exaltyng coÌ„mendyng the manhode of Iugurth with laude fauour couÌ„tenaunce voyce and all other signes And so finally they laboured by all maner of meanes for an others myscheuous vice cruell cryme to defende the same as if it had ben in defence of theyr owne honour worshyp honeste But on the other part were a fewe other whiche set more by iustice and honeste than by false goten riches these counselled to socour Adherball and sharply to punysshe reueÌ„ge the deth of HieÌ„psal But among all other of this opinion was one named Emilius Scaurus a man of noble byrth redy to disturbe euery busynes debatful besy desirous of power of authorite of honour of riches but crafty in
clokyng of these his fautes After this Emilius Scaurê° sawe his gyueng of brybes of Iugurth so shamfully openly knowen he fered lâ—st the corrupcion of the senatours heed rulers of Rome myght ingeÌ„der enuy debate slaughter bytwene them the coÌ„mens lyke as in suche cases often had fortuned iÌ„ tymes before Wherfore in this coÌ„sideracion he refrayned his mynde at this tyme from his accustomed vnlaufull lustes Neuertheles among the senators in this couÌ„sell the worst part preuayled and that part which set more by fauour rewardes than by right equite ouercam the other part which labâ—ured to sustayne the right wtout any fauour or parcialite And so the fauourers of Iugurth optayned theyr purpose his cruelte had no punysshmeÌ„t Neuertheles it was coÌ„cluded decreed that .x. embassadors shuld be sent into Numidy to diuide the kyngdome which longed to Micipsa bytwene Iugurth Adherbal The principal of this embassade was one named Lucius Opimius a man of noble fame of great authorite power among the senatours in those dayes what tyme Caius Gracchus Marcus Fuluius great fauourers of the coÌ„mens were slayne of the noble men of Rome for the same cause After victory of the noble men agaynst the coÌ„mens the same two princes this Lucius Opimius enraged greuously with rigorous sharpe inquisicions examinacioÌ„s agaynst the poore coÌ„mente And was one of the chefe oppressers of them What tyme this Lucius Opimiê° with his coÌ„pany was come to Numidy Iugurth prepared to attempt his old craftes And howbeit he had founde the same Lucius for one of his ennemies at Rome neuertheles he receyued hym worshypfully with great diligeÌ„ce And with gyueng ê“misyng many thyngê he brought his purpose so to effect that this Lucius at coÌ„clusion preferred the fauour profet of Iugurth before his owne good name fidelite brefely before all thyngê belongyng to hymselfe This brought to passe anone he went in hand with the other of the embassadors after the same way many of theÌ„ he wan ouercaÌ„e with gyftes very fewe of them were which set more by theyr fayth treuth than by money rewardes of Iugurth Wherfore whaÌ„ it was come to limitacion separacion of the lande of Numidy bytwene Adherball Iugurth as the sayd embassadors were coÌ„maunded of the senatours that part of the kyngdome which marched toward Mauritany or the lande of the Mauriens beyng most opulent and plentyfull of fruitfull fyldes and of men was gyuen to Iugurth but the other part which was more pleasant than ê“fitable as ornate without hauyn townes and fayre edifyces was coÌ„mytted to possession of Adherball ¶ Nowe for asmoche as in this hystory before most of all in sequele and ê“cesse of the same hath shal be made mencion of many places townes of Affrike to thintent that thystory may be more clere and euident me thynketh it requisite and conuenient brefely to describe the sytuacion of Affrike and a lytell to touche those peoples and countreis whiche with the romayns had at any tyme amite or frenshyp other peace or warre But suche places and nacions whiche for heat and wyldernes be lytell frequented of people or nat inhabited of them it is nat easy to describe nor declare the truth for by difficulte of the places fewe or none resorteth thyder perfetly to knowe the same But the other partes frequented of people I shall as brefely declare as can be touched ¶ The descripcion of the habitable parties of the countrey of Affrike namely of suche nacions as had amyte or warre with the Romayns ¶ The .xii. chapter IN diuision of the circle of the worlde the opinion of most writers is that it is diuided into thre partes Europe Asy Affrike A fewe other authours hold opinion that it is deuided onely into two partes that is to say Asy Europe so that vnder climate of the part whiche is called Europe the thirde part named Affrike is coÌ„preheÌ„ded But this last opinion is leest alowed This countrey of Affrike hath his bondes on the see of Italy on the West part and on the occean see it abordeth partly on the same syde on the Est part therof is a declinyng pendant valey tyght ample large ThinhabytauÌ„tes of this valey call it Cathabathmon in theyr affrike langage that is to say in englyssh a dependaÌ„t valey On this Est syde the see is outragyous cruell perilous wtout any sure hauen but the fyldes soyle on this part ar plentyfull of corne and for all maner beestes is good pasture but the soyle is nat apt to trees beryng frute of water is scarcite bothe of rayne water of water springyng of the erth The disposicion of the people is holsome of body swyft may well endure labour Insomoche that the most part dye for extreme age saue suche as be slayne with wepyn or deuoured of wylde beestê For it is nat often sene the corruption of humours ingendring any infirmite bryngeth to deth In this couÌ„trey be also many rauynous beestes of diuers kyndes deuourynge all thyng which they may ouercome But this omityng I wyll nowe brefely declare what maner people first of all inhabited this countrey of Affrike and what people thyther resorted to inhabite next after them And howe thesame peoples were myngled togyder Howebeit that whiche I shall write is moche diuers from the commen fame and opinion of many men neuerthelesse I shall folowe the bokes writen in Affrike langage which as it is sayd belonged to the yong prince Hiempsall whome Iugurth murdred of the same bokes I shall folowe the true interpretacion in this mater and lyke as the inhabitauntes of the same countrey afferme to be true But touchynge the very credence of the treuth of the mater I report that to the authours ¶ The first people whiche inhabited the countrey of Affrike were named Getulians LybeaÌ„s a people hard sharpe vnmanerd These lyued of flesshe of wyld beestê fedde vpon the grouÌ„de as beestê vnresonable And were nat ruled by any maners but lyued wtout lord or lawes as vagabuÌ„des rouers They had no certayn byding placê but wher as the nyght toke theÌ„ ther they rested for the tyme. But after that Hercules dyed in Hispayne as the AffricaÌ„s say his army which was asseÌ„bled of dyuers nacions whan their captayne and heed was lost dispersed themselfe abrode anone after his deth and came to dyuers places of the worlde to seke theyr fortune where they myght optayne any habitacion or lordshyppe Of whiche company the Medeans Perseans and Armenyans arriued with theyr shyppes in that coost of Affrike which was nerest to the empire of Rome and longe tyme after occupied those costes But the Persyans inhabited themselfe more inwarde in the countrey towarde the occean see and in stede of houses they tourned theyr shyppes botomes vpwarde and dwelled vnder the same And no maruayle for in the countre about them grewe no tymber
delayng and deferryng of the warre trustyng that in meane tyme he shuld brynge about somwhat of his purpose at Rome other by price prayer or fauour But nowe after he had won Scaurus to be partiner of his busynes and fauourer of his cause also with Calphurnius he was brought into a very great trust fully to recouer his peace at Rome and concluded whyle both Calphurnius Scaurus were there present togyder to take aduisemeÌ„t treat preseÌ„tly with them of all apoyntmeÌ„t thyngê necessary to be done for ê‘fourmyng of his purpose Howbeit he trusted nat Calphurnius so moche that he wolde come to his army except some hostagê of the Romayns were left within some strong towne of his in warde of his people wherby he myght trust without daÌ„mage sauely to be remitted agayn to his army Calphurnius to auoyd this dougth of Iugurth to put hym in more assurance send the treasourer of the Romayne army named Sextius vnto one of the chefe townes belongyng to Iugurth called Vacca faynyng amonge the army that he sent the sayd treasourer thyther for prouision of whete other vitayls necessary to his hoost And the same coÌ„maundement to prouyde vitayls the captayn Calphurnius gaue to his treasourer openly in coÌ„men audience to thinteÌ„t that no man shuld suspect his false purpose sayeng to his treasourer that hym neded nat to be in dout of Iugurth for asmoch as trues were taken bytwene bothe parties tyll a certayn day prefixed The treasourer Sextius went to the sayd cyte of Vacca at commauÌ„dement of Calphurnius his captayne Wherfore anone after Iugurth lyke as he apoynted before came to the army of Calphurnius and there in presence of the rulers counsell of the Romains spake a lytell of his purgacion concernyng the displeasure enuy hatredde whiche the senate and commens of Rome had taken agaynst hym for his dedes sayeng that he had nought done but prouoked of his ennemies and for his owne defence with violence to resyst violence Howe beit he sayd that he was coÌ„tented to yelde submit hym selfe vnto the Romayns clemence and mercy Somoch spoke he openly before all the chefe couÌ„sell of the army But all the remenaunt he concluded and dyd secretly with Calphurnius Scaurus at more leasoure and thus ended the coÌ„municacion of this day On the next day after insuynge the captayne and the counsell of the army also Iugurth assembled togyder agayn to common of the same mater concernyng peace to be grauÌ„ted to Iugurth Nowe was it so that at Rome was decreed an ordinaunce long before this tyme named among the romayns the Satyre lawe whiche lawe coÌ„maunded that the captayne of euery army shulde aske aduyse of all the wyse counsell of his hoost whan he went about any weythy mater coÌ„cernyng the coÌ„men wele Wherfore Colphurnius thought so to order hymselfe that he shulde nat be counted a brecare of this lawe And desyred counsell aduise of all the noble and wyse men of his hoost This dyd he to thynteÌ„t that if the peace grauÌ„ted to Iugurth shulde be afterward dysalowed at Rome as it was he myght auoyde the faute from hymselfe into the coÌ„mon couÌ„sell But at coÌ„clusion whan Calphurnius acordyng to the sayd lawe had requyred aduyse of the common couÌ„sell euery man coÌ„sented that peace shulde be graunted to Iugurth vpon coÌ„dicion coÌ„uenaunt that he shulde delyuer vnto the romayns thertie Elyphantes with moche other catell and many horses with a great somme of golde To which ordinaunce Iugurth acorded and soone after delyuered the same Elyphantes catell and horses golde vnto the tresourer of the Romayne hoost This done the consull Calphurnius departed to Rome to requyre the senatours other rulers to coÌ„ferme this peace coÌ„corde which they had made with Iugurth In meane tyme ouer all Numydy and also in the Romayne army was peace and coÌ„corde in abydyng the answere of the senate and rulers at Rome ¶ Howe the rulers of Rome for the moost parte were greuously displeased for grauntyng of this-peace and disalowed the same And how Memmius inflamed the coÌ„men people agaynst the fauourers of Iugurth ¶ The .xviii. Chapter BVt after it was knowen at Rhome in what maner the consull had behaued hymselfe in Affrike with Iugurth in euery place about Rome and among euery company within Rome it was coÌ„myned of the dede of Calphurnius In somoche that among the coÌ„menty was raysed greuous hatered displeasure agaynst hym The senators were sore troubled were in doute whyther they myght coÌ„ferme and alowe this foule and shamefull dede of the consull or els abrogate and annull the same In this perplexite they were longe tyme vncertayne And moost of all the myght and power of Scaurus bycause he was a doer and felowe with the consull in the sayd dede let them frome discussyng of the ryght But whyle the senatours in suche wyse prolonged the tyme. In this dubitacion Memmius of whose condicions promptnes of wytte and hatered whiche he had agaynst the power of the estates and noble men we haue written before at dyuers tymes he assembled the coÌ„mon people exhortyng inflamyng them to reuenge the cruelte of Iugurth and parcialite of his fauourers warnyng them nat to forsake the defence of their coÌ„men wayle and libertie of theyr cite He rehersed vnto them the pride the cruelte manyfolde vnlawfull dedes of the senatours of other estates at many tymes done to disworshyp and oppression of the coÌ„men wele And vtterly at conclusion so he behaued hymselfe that he kyndled the myndes of the vniuersall coÌ„mentie to resyst the parcialyte of the estates and to se the cruelte of Iugurth extremely punysshed But bycause the eloquence of this Memmius at that season was at Rome notable and moche set by dyscrete of great authorite I haue intended of so many exhortacions as he had to the people to coÌ„myt one to remembraunce by writynge And specially before all other I wyll write that exhortacion which after returnyng of Calphurnius from Affrike the sayd MeÌ„mius spake before the coÌ„men people in fourme folowynge ¶ The orison of Memmius had before the commen people of Rome In whiche orison he induceth them to defeÌ„de their lyberte And to represse and persecute with hatered the noble men of Rome ¶ The .xix. Chapter RIght worthy cetyzins many thyngê shulde withdrawe me from defence of you and from charge medlyng with your busynesses were nat the great loue fauour which I haue to the commen wele that causeth me to sette a syde all suche impedimentes and vtterly to take vpon me the defence of your lyberte agaynst these corrupt estates More playnly to ascertayne you the thynges whiche myght withdrawe me from defence of your cause be these First the power of them which are begyÌ„ners of this variauÌ„ce that is to say of Calphurnius and Scaurus Secondly your pacieÌ„ce which is easy to be subdued of crueltie sith ye be disposed to endure
whome no wronge is done nedeth nat to call for socour nor helpe Thus it is better to leaue a good dede vnrewarded than an yll dede vnpunysshed ¶ Howe Memmius induced the people of Rome by the sayd orison so that Cassius was sent for Iugurthe to brynge hym to Rome to declare and accuse the supporters of his dedes ¶ The .xx. chapyter MEmmius couÌ„sellyng inducynge often tymes by these wordê and other lyke at last dyde somoch that Lucius Cassius one of the chefe .x. iudges of Rome shuld be sende to Iugurth assure hym of his lyfe and to come retourne in saue garde vpon promes and fayth of all the hole coÌ„menty of Rome And vpon this promes to bryng hym to Rome to thinten that by his owne wordes and confession of the treuth the falshode couetyse of Calphurnius the consull of Scaurus of other whiche had ben corrupted by hym before by money and rewardes myght be euydently proued knowen ¶ Of the behauour of the soudyours and other whiche were laft in Numidy whyle Scaurus the consull was at Rome ¶ The .xxi. chap. WHyle these thynges were in hand and done at Rome in meane tyme the chefe of the soudyours whiche Calphurnius had lefte behynd hym in Numidy folowed the maners and behauour of theyr captayne dyde many vngoodly and myscheuous dedes Some of them were so corrupt with golde that they delyuerd agayne to Iugurth the olyphantes which he had gyuen to Calphurnius what tyme the peace was graunted and trues first taken bytwene them Some other solde to Iugurth the traytours whiche had fledde from hym vnto the romayns army And other some spoyled robbed the people of Numidy whiche had all redy peace with the Romayns and had yelded themselfe So great shamefull was the violence of couetyse which had infected theyr myndê as if it had ben an vniuersall contagion of pestâ—â—ence But nowe wyll I returne to my mater where I left before concernynge Cassius the iudge and his vyage to Numidy for to bryng Iugurth vnto Rome ¶ Howe Iugurth came to Rome with Cassius and howe he behaued hymselfe there The .xxii. chapyter CAyus Memmius in name of all the coÌ„mens gaue coÌ„maundemeÌ„t to Cassius accordynge to the ordinaunce inacted to spede hym toward Numidy and to bydde Iugurth come to Rome vnder suerte coÌ„dicion before rehersed Whan the estates whiche knewe theÌ„selfe culpable vnderstode of this they were maruelusly abassed But wham Cassius was come to Iugurth nat withstandyng that he was â—ereful of his part and had no confidence in his cause for asmoche as he knewe hymselfe fauty in his owne conscience yet Cassius aduysed hym and induced hym bycause he had yelded hymselfe to come vnto Rome without he wolde rather proue the Romayns strength and violence than theyr mercy and pyte and moreouer the sayd Cassius promised also his owne fayth and trouth that if he wolde come to Rome and answere truly to all suche thynges as there shulde be demaunded of hym he shulde safely go and come without any impediment Cassius had so good a name at that tyme that Iugurth had asmoche coÌ„fidence in his fayth promes alone as in the promes or assurance of the hole cite And so at last Iugurth coÌ„sented to go to Rome with Cassius Wherfore to enduce the romayns to the more pyte he arayed hymselfe in rude aparell agaynst his honour royall moche vyle and myserable and so with Cassius came to Rome nat as a kyng but poorly and with a small coÌ„pany And nat withstandyng that his mynde was moche confermed assured and bolded by the confort of them whiche he had corrupted with rewardes before vnder whose defence supportacion he had coÌ„mytted so moche cruelty yet he behaued hym so with his gyftes of newe assone as he was come to Rome that by his great rewardê be induced a lorde of Rome named Caius Bebius one of the ê“tectours of the coÌ„menty to be supporter mayntener of his cause among the other mo â–ª By whose dishonest vnmesurable couetise he trusted assuredly to be defended agaynst lawe from all punysshmentes due vnto his demerites But the coÌ„menty of Rome was violently and sore wrathe agaynst Iugurth some coÌ„maunded to haue hym to prison there to kepe hym in bandes And other some wolde that acordyng to the lawe punysshment of dethe shulde by taken of hym as of theyr mortall ennemy if he wold nat shortly coÌ„fesse discouer the felowes partiners supporters of his cruell dedes Caius MeÌ„mius heryng herof called togyder the coÌ„menty and alayed the mocyon wrath of theyr myndes apeasyng theyr vnauysed rancour And requirynge them to kepe the fayth trouth of the cite which they had promysed to Iugurthe clere inuiolate and vndefyled Thus dyd Memmius exhort them as he which more regarded set more by the conseruacion of the dignite of Rome than by the parfourmynge and satisfyeng the wrath ire of the rude coÌ„mens But whan sylence was made among all the assemble anone Iugurth was brought forth before them all Memmiê° than began to speke to hym demurely rehersyng and openly recountyng how he had corrupt the estates of Rome with his treasure and cruelly agaynst ryght had done many abhomynable dedes at Rome and also in Numidy agaynst the kyng Micipsa and his sonnes as slayne Adherball and Hiempsall falsly dysceyued the kyng Micipsa and wasted the kyngdome of Numidy And howebeit sayd Memmius that the Romayns knewe well his supporters yet they wold most of all that Iugurth shulde openly discouer accuse them hymselfe Wherfore he desyred hym truely to coÌ„fesse the names of them by whose supportacion he was so bolde to coÌ„myt so many iÌ„moderate cruell dedes Sayng that if he wold so do coÌ„fesse disclose the trouth than myght he haue great trust and confydence in the fauour clemeÌ„ce and mercy of the people of Rome But if he wold nat so do he shulde do no profet by his sylence to the noble men of Rome which had supported him And also he shulde be dystruction and vndoyng of hymselfe and of his ryches also On this poynt Memmiê° ceassed his wordes and helde hym styll Anone Iugurth was coÌ„mauÌ„ded of the commente to make answere But whan he was reddy to haue spoken Caius Bebius whome he had corrupted with treasour as I haue made mencion before commauÌ„ded hym to hold his pease In somoche that howebeit the people sore moued with displeasure put hym in feare with exclamacion agaynst hym with angry countenances â–ª and often violently rennynge vpon hym and with other tokens of yre and dyspleasure Neuerthelesse for all this the frowarde counsell of Bebius ouercame theyr thretnyng insomoche that Iugurth wolde nothyng speke nor dysclose And thus the people had in derision abused departed from the coÌ„gregacion and assemble So the myndes of Iugurthe of Calphurnius and of other theyr partyners were than inhansed increased in boldnesse whiche were troubled and moche ferefull before
the next flod therto was .l. mylespace of dry grouÌ„d voyde without habitacion neuerthelesse he toke in hande to ouercome all sharpnesse and difficultie of places and also to ouercome nature though it semed impossible to mannes mynde This thynge Metellus toke in hande in hope to fynisshe the batayle moche soner yf he myght wynne that towne ¶ Wherfore he coÌ„maunded that all the beestes whiche serued for cariage shulde be vnladen of all suche baggage and burthens as they caried longynge to the soudyours saue onely whete and vitayle for the space of .x. dayes Also he coÌ„mauÌ„ded some of the beestes to be laded with bottels full of water and other vessels mete to be caryed with water Moreouer ouer all the contrey he gathered togyder as many tame beestes as he coude get and them laded with empty vessels of euery sort Many of them were treen vessell which he had done to be gathered among the villages of the Numidiens Farthermore he coÌ„maunded thinhabitantes of those marches whiche after the flight of Iugurth had yelded them to hym that they shuld make them redy to folowe the hoost euery man with asmoche water as they myght beare And assigned them a daye and place where they shulde be redy vnder payne of dethe Whan Metellus was come to the sayd flod whiche was fyfty myle from the towne of Thala and nerest water therto as I haue sayd before he dyd all the beestes to be laded of the same water And so went towarde Thala his hoost set in order and aray so that yf any ieopardy apered he was euer redy at defeÌ„ce but afterwarde whan he was come to that place where he had apoynted the numidiens to mete hym with the water wherwith they were laded and folowed the hoost And whan his tentes were pytched sette and defended about with trenches cutte trees bowes and stakes after the policy of warre sodenly from the heuen descended great violence and plenty of rayne water that it was more than sufficiently to all the army aswel to men as beestes Moreouer their vitels were more pleÌ„tyfull than they trusted or loked after For the numidieÌ„s which newly were yelded were somoche the more seruisable and redy to mynistre euery thynge necessary vnto the army And no maruell for euery thyng is quycke at the begynnyng which often fadeth at the ende But the soudyours and men of warre wer more glad to ocupy the rayne water for deuocion than suche water whiche was brought vnto them in vessels by caryage For they supposed that their goddes loued and fauoured them whiche in so drye a countrey and in suche a chauÌ„ce sent to them so great plenty of water besyde prouision of ther captayne This thyng greatly conforted the myndes of them all and incouraged them with boldnesse strength diligence to ouercome all difficulties whiche remayned This confort kyndlyng their myndes they spedde themselfe so forwarde that on the next day aft they came vnto the towne of Thala coÌ„trary vnto the opinion or knoledge of Iugurth Thinhabitantes which thought themselfe surely defended by the sharpnesse and difficultie of the place were sodenly abasshed astonyed for that great vnwont and vnprouided case Neuerthelesse they made prouision to batayle as quyckely as they myght by sufferauÌ„ce of the tyme. The romayns addressed them in the same maner But the kynge Iugurth anone cast in his mynde that to Metellus was nothing vnprouided nor vnable to be done as he that by his craft diligence and polycie had ouercome both wepen armour place and tyme. And also nature itselfe whiche ruleth other thynges longyng vnto men Iugurth this aduysing reuoluyng in his mynde fled priuely by nyght forth of the towne with his children and a great part of his treasour Nor after this tyme he neuer taryed in one place past the space of a daye or of one nyght faynyng that he fled so from one place to an other bycause of his present besynesse but the ryght cause of his remouynge was for that he feared treason which he thought best to auoyd and eschue by continuall chaungyng of places For suche counsels of treason can nat be taken without deliberacion and processe of tyme and conueniens or oportunyte of places where princes dothe long so iourne and continue ¶ But whan Metellus sawe that thinhabitantes were redy to batayle and also that the towne was strongly defended bothe by crafte of mannes handes and by nature of the place Anone he compased about the towne on euery syde with profounde dychesse trenches and herdels of sharpe stakes the poyntes vpwarde to th entent that none of thinhabytantes shuld breke out nor escape by night as Iugurth had done before nor that no vitels shulde be conuayed into them wherby they myght the lengar resyst hym and indure the sege Afterwarde he coÌ„maunded scaffoldes to be made about the walles specially in suche places as were moost conuenient and pentyses of sheldes conioyned in maner of vynes to be driuen to the walles vpon wheles And aboue the sayd scaffoldes to be cast a hepe of grauell and stones and toures of tymbre and bulwarkes set vpon them and other soudyours he assigned to defende the warke and them also that laboured therevpon These scaffoldes pentyses and pauases were made to th entent that vnder them the romayns might vndermine the walles without great paryll or dammage On the othersyde the garnyson and inhabitantes hastely laboured to resyst the romayns to defende themselfe and their towne manfully So that on bothe parties was nothyng forgoten able to be done touchyng their defence But brefely to speke the romayns weryed with moch labour and batayle .xl. dayes after they were coÌ„e thyder at last wan the towne But all the pray and riches of the towne was distroyed by them whiche were within the towne in garnyson of the romayns whiche had fled from Metellus to Iugurth which specially had assigned them to defende the towne These traytours whan they sawe the walles vndermined brused with diuerse ingens of batayle and their fortune was brought to extremite and no socours nor hope remayned Than they assembled caried togyder all the treasour riches of the towne as golde syluer with other precious ornamentes or iewels into the palays of Iugurth there fylled themselfe with wyne and other delycate meates And at coÌ„clusion whan they were full saturate and ingorged they sette fyre on the palays and wylfully brent and distroyed the richesse the palays and themselfe withall So that suche punysshement as they dreded to suffre of their ennemies they voluntarily suffred the same with their owne haÌ„des to auoyd the subieccion and daunger of their ennemies by desperate folly and presumptuous madnesse ¶ How Metellus fortified the cite of Leptis and at request of the embassadours of the same cytie sende thyder garnyson to defeÌ„de the cyte agaynst Iugurth and of the sytuacion of the same cyte behauour of thiÌ„habytantê therof The .xlv. cha AT the same tyme whanne Thala was wonne of