for_o you_o must_v understand_v all_o these_o age_n with_o perfect_a health_n the_o diversity_n of_o urine_v according_a to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n even_o as_o the_o diversity_n of_o age_n alter_v urine_n so_o do_v the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n for_o the_o more_o that_o the_o spring_n time_n draw_v towards_o heat_n the_o more_o the_o urine_n gather_v high_a colour_n spring_n spring_n depart_v from_o pale_a and_o flaxen_a towards_o pale_a and_o light_a saffron_n and_o the_o inequality_n of_o substance_n change_v into_o a_o due_a equality_n according_a to_o nature_n and_o the_o ground_n do_v wax_v thin_a and_o the_o quantity_n be_v more_o in_o respect_n to_o that_o be_v drink_v so_o that_o about_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o spring_n they_o return_v to_o a_o mean_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n the_o colour_n appear_v pale_a and_o light_a saffron_n summer_n summer_n and_o the_o substance_n mean_v the_o ground_n white_a due_o knit_v and_o stable_n but_o yet_o thin_a than_o a_o mean_a ground_n and_o the_o more_o that_o the_o summer_n proceed_v and_o draw_v to_o the_o high_a the_o lesser_a be_v the_o quantity_n of_o urine_n in_o comparison_n to_o the_o drink_n and_o the_o ground_n change_v from_o his_o natural_a whiteness_n to_o a_o palish_a colour_n and_o be_v much_o lesser_a and_o thin_a and_o this_o thinness_n glyster_v withal_o and_o incline_v towards_o golden_a and_o saffron_a colour_n when_o harvest_n come_v harvest_n harvest_n than_o the_o colour_n do_v return_v to_o a_o mean_a again_o but_o the_o thinness_n and_o brightness_n remain_v still_o the_o ground_n also_o be_v still_o obscure_a and_o little_a but_o yet_o it_o be_v white_a due_o knit_v and_o stable_n and_o as_o harvest_n go_v forward_o so_o the_o urine_n return_v to_o a_o mean_a in_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o winter_n and_o thereabouts_o the_o urine_n keep_v due_a quantity_n but_o the_o colour_n incline_v towards_o white_a and_o the_o ground_n be_v over_o great_a but_o in_o all_o other_o point_v it_o be_v mean_v and_o as_o winter_n go_v on_o winter_n winter_n the_o substance_n of_o urine_n appear_v divers_a and_o the_o colour_n white_a the_o quantity_n great_a in_o respect_n to_o the_o drink_n and_o the_o content_v great_a and_o unconcoct_v but_o towards_o the_o spring_n time_n they_o return_v towards_o a_o mean_a as_o i_o have_v before_o say_v yet_o beside_o these_o also_o diversity_n of_o country_n cause_v diversity_n of_o urine_n even_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n as_o do_v the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n urine_n country_n alter_v urine_n for_o country_n that_o be_v temperate_a exact_o make_v urine_n like_a unto_o the_o spring_n time_n and_o those_o country_n that_o be_v hot_a and_o dry_a make_v urine_n like_a unto_o summer_n and_o contrariwise_o cold_a and_o moist_a alter_v water_n as_o do_v winter_n but_o country_n that_o be_v dry_a and_o distemper_a between_o heat_n and_o cold_a make_v urine_n like_o harvest_n medicine_n meat_n drink_v and_o medicine_n also_o meat_n and_o drink_n and_z order_z of_o dier_z cause_v urine_n to_o alter_v and_o medicine_n also_o as_o not_o only_a experience_n teach_v but_o also_o hypocrates_n witness_v in_o the_o sixth_o book_n of_o his_o epidemy_n or_o rain_v sickness_n in_o the_o five_o part_n and_o the_o fifteen_o sentence_n as_o for_o example_n concoction_n meat_n of_o light_a concoction_n those_o meat_n that_o be_v light_a of_o concoction_n and_o good_a in_o substance_n cause_n good_a and_o temperate_a urine_n with_o pure_a content_n but_o contrary_a meat_n cause_v discolour_a urine_n and_o thin_a with_o strange_a content_n concoction_n meat_n of_o hard_a concoction_n meat_n that_o will_v not_o concoct_v make_v lesser_a content_n and_o divers_a in_o substance_n evil_a cause_n great_a content_n and_o in_o nothing_o due_o form_v and_o as_o the_o quality_n of_o meat_n do_v alter_v urine_n so_o do_v the_o quantity_n also_o for_o if_o a_o man_n have_v eat_v much_o and_o not_o concoct_v it_o his_o urine_n shall_v be_v thin_a and_o white_a and_o sometime_o without_o ground_n but_o if_o this_o crudity_n or_o rawness_n in_o stomach_n continue_v long_o the_o urine_n will_v become_v divers_a in_o substance_n wine_n drink_v of_o wine_n and_o in_o content_n also_o wine_n drink_v abundant_o cause_v alteration_n in_o urine_n but_o now_o contrariwise_o if_o a_o man_n do_v fast_o long_a long_o fast_v long_o his_o urine_n will_v appear_v fiery_a and_o saffron_a colour_a and_o thin_a with_o lesser_a ground_n but_o if_o a_o man_n suffer_v famine_n and_o do_v not_o nourish_v famine_n suffer_v of_o famine_n his_o water_n shall_v be_v thin_a and_o white_a with_o a_o certain_a glister_n and_o without_o ground_n moreover_o exercise_n and_o rest_n change_v urine_n labour_n labour_n for_o through_o excessive_a labour_n the_o urine_n change_v from_o light_a saffron_n and_o at_o length_n become_v saffron_n colour_v with_o little_a ground_n thin_a and_o high_o colour_v than_o it_o shall_v be_v and_o some_o time_n there_o fleer_v on_o the_o top_n a_o certain_a fattness_n special_o after_o overmuch_a weariness_n but_o idleness_n and_o rest_n do_v contrariwise_o cause_v white_a urine_n rest_n rest_n with_o great_a and_o grosser_n ground_n furthermore_o sleep_n watch_v sleep_v watch_v and_o watch_v if_o they_o exceed_v measure_n they_o alter_v urine_n but_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o both_o sleep_n and_o watch_v come_v of_o sickness_n and_o they_o both_o when_o they_o be_v take_v willing_o in_o health_n for_o if_o that_o sickness_n cause_n overmuch_o sleep_v then_o be_v the_o urine_n whitish_a with_o substance_n either_o full_o thick_a or_o but_o partly_o thin_a and_o the_o content_v many_o and_o undige_a sleep_n natural_a sleep_n but_o if_o that_o such_o sleep_n come_v natural_o the_o urine_n be_v not_o so_o white_a but_o rather_o flaxen_a and_o the_o substance_n mean_v with_o great_a and_o well_o concoct_v content_n sleep_n voluntary_a sleep_n and_o likewise_o they_o that_o have_v watch_v purpose_o and_o not_o by_o reason_n of_o sickness_n their_o urine_n be_v burr_n little_o change_v but_o if_o they_o watch_v for_o any_o sickly_a cause_n sickness_n watch_v in_o sickness_n their_o urine_n will_v change_v but_o little_a at_o the_o beginning_n but_o with_o continuance_n the_o content_n will_v be_v disperse_v and_o at_o the_o last_o clean_o waste_v and_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o urine_n wax_v thin_a and_o thin_a by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o the_o colour_n incline_v either_o to_o white_a and_o watery_a or_o unto_o golden_a saffron_n oily_a or_o black_a according_a as_o the_o cause_n be_v that_o make_v it_o so_o to_o change_v of_o alteration_n by_o complexion_n i_o will_v write_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n now_o have_v you_o hear_v as_o touch_v alteration_n of_o urine_n in_o health_n according_a to_o diversity_n of_o age_n both_o in_o man_n and_o woman_n time_n of_o the_o year_n country_n meat_n and_o drink_n labour_n rest_n sleep_n and_o watch_v so_o that_o you_o must_v have_v regard_n to_o these_o in_o all_o judgement_n both_o in_o health_n and_o in_o sickness_n for_o if_o these_o be_v not_o diligent_o mark_v they_o may_v cause_v great_a error_n as_o you_o may_v well_o consider_v urine_n what_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v in_o urine_n first_o therefore_o in_o every_o urine_n you_o must_v consider_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o man_n or_o a_o woman_n and_o what_o age_n he_o or_o she_o be_v of_o than_o what_o time_n of_o the_o year_n it_o be_v and_o what_o country_n what_o meat_n and_o drink_v the_o person_n use_v and_o likewise_o of_o labour_n and_o rest_n sleep_n and_o watch_v and_o then_o must_v you_o consider_v how_o every_o one_o of_o these_o do_v alter_v urine_n so_o that_o if_o the_o alter_n of_o they_o from_o that_o healthful_a urine_n whereof_o i_o speak_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o chapter_n be_v but_o such_o as_o one_o of_o those_o foresay_a thing_n will_v cause_v then_o may_v it_o not_o be_v judge_v to_o come_v of_o any_o disease_n as_o for_o example_n high_a colour_a water_n in_o summer_n so_o that_o it_o pass_v not_o saffron_a colour_n or_o white_a colour_a water_n in_o winter_n shall_v rather_o be_v reckon_v to_o come_v of_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n then_o of_o any_o sickness_n and_o likewise_o of_o other_o thing_n ch_n ap._n vii_o what_o be_v the_o general_a quality_n that_o alter_v the_o part_n of_o urine_n before_o i_o treat_v of_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o part_n of_o urine_n i_o think_v it_o good_a to_o instruct_v you_o of_o the_o general_a quality_n which_o cause_n all_o alteration_n in_o urine_n whereby_o you_o shall_v perceive_v not_o only_o what_o every_o urine_n do_v betoken_v as_o i_o shall_v anon_o set_v forth_o but_o also_o if_o you_o mark_v well_o this_o chapter_n you_o shall_v see_v the_o cause_n why_o every_o urine_n do_v so_o signify_v you_o shall_v understand_v therefore_o that_o there_o be_v four_o
of_o nature_n i_o will_v use_v therefore_o a_o example_n of_o a_o natural_a work_n which_o shall_v express_v in_o many_o point_v this_o thing_n though_o not_o in_o all_o for_o such_o can_v there_o none_o be_v but_o the_o thing_n itself_o and_o in_o as_o much_o as_o this_o example_n be_v not_o easy_a to_o be_v understand_v of_o all_o man_n though_o the_o most_o part_n do_v now_o a_o day_n partly_o know_v it_o by_o experience_n of_o find_v spring_n of_o water_n i_o will_v first_o propose_v a_o artificial_a example_n to_o make_v both_o the_o other_o to_o be_v the_o better_o perceive_v still_v a_o example_n of_o still_v it_o be_v daily_o see_v in_o distil_v of_o water_n that_o the_o temperate_a heat_n of_o the_o fire_n do_v separate_v the_o pure_a part_n of_o the_o juice_n from_o the_o herb_n and_o also_o from_o the_o grosser_n juice_n this_o by_o natural_a lightness_n be_v draw_v into_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stillatorie_a where_o by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o helmet_n it_o be_v make_v somewhat_o grosser_n and_o so_o through_o natural_a heat_n descend_v and_o pass_v forth_o by_o the_o pipe_n of_o the_o stillatorie_a original_a the_o original_a and_o as_o the_o art_n of_o man_n use_v to_o make_v this_o water_n so_o do_v nature_n use_v to_o make_v the_o water_n of_o spring_n whereof_o come_v all_o river_n stream_n and_o flood_n except_o the_o sea_n for_o see_v the_o earth_n be_v not_o perfect_o sound_v and_o thick_a of_o substance_n spring_n cause_o of_o spring_n as_o stone_n and_o some_o wood_n appear_v to_o be_v but_o it_o be_v hollow_a and_o full_a of_o hole_n as_o you_o see_v that_o cork_n be_v so_o that_o the_o air_n which_o by_o his_o subtleness_n pierce_v into_o never_o so_o little_a a_o hole_n enter_v and_o fill_v this_o hollowness_n nature_n so_o lead_v to_o it_o because_o no_o place_n shall_v be_v empty_a in_o which_o place_n by_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o air_n be_v turn_v into_o water_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o wall_n and_o pillar_n or_o stone_n namely_o of_o marble_n how_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o stone_n turn_v the_o air_n into_o water_n and_o hang_v full_a of_o drop_n which_o sometime_o trickle_v down_o apace_o as_o if_o they_o do_v swear_v so_o when_o the_o earth_n have_v turn_v the_o air_n thus_o into_o water_n then_o do_v it_o drop_v down_o and_o gather_v together_o and_o so_o run_v out_o as_o it_o can_v find_v or_o prepare_v way_n as_o long_o therefore_o as_o there_o be_v hollowness_n in_o that_o place_n with_o such_o sort_n or_o coldness_n and_o none_o other_o let_v the_o spring_n of_o water_n shall_v never_o cease_v but_o if_o the_o way_n by_o any_o mean_n be_v stop_v than_o the_o water_n turmoil_v and_o labour_v either_o to_o expel_v that_o let_v or_o to_o make_v a_o new_a way_n water_n the_o cause_n of_o diversity_n in_o taste_n of_o water_n now_o this_o water_n be_v thus_o engender_v of_o the_o air_n which_o have_v no_o taste_n be_v also_o natural_o without_o all_o taste_n but_o the_o taste_n that_o it_o have_v be_v the_o taste_n of_o the_o vein_n of_o earth_n or_o mettle_n by_o which_o it_o do_v run_v and_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o some_o water_n be_v sweet_a and_o some_o sour_a some_o fresh_a and_o some_o salt_n and_o otherwise_o diverse_o taste_v some_o also_o be_v hot_a and_o some_o cold_a and_o with_o other_o like_a quality_n endue_v according_a to_o the_o ground_n whereby_o it_o pass_v but_o of_o this_o i_o will_v not_o now_o speak_v because_o i_o have_v appoint_v for_o it_o a_o peculiar_a treatise_n if_o god_n grant_v i_o time_n only_o this_o i_o say_v now_o that_o a_o man_n that_o be_v expert_a can_v by_o the_o colour_n taste_n and_o other_o quality_n of_o the_o water_n which_o he_o see_v tell_v what_o vein_n of_o earth_n or_o metal_n be_v in_o that_o place_n whence_o that_o water_n come_v though_o he_o see_v it_o not_o and_o this_o water_n be_v expel_v out_o of_o his_o first_o place_n as_o unprofitable_a there_o to_o remain_v and_o yet_o when_o it_o be_v come_v forth_o thence_o it_o be_v good_a for_o divers_a and_o sundry_a use_n urine_n the_o generation_n of_o urine_n thus_o may_v we_o think_v of_o the_o generation_n and_o use_n of_o urine_n or_o man_n water_n is_n shall_v not_o need_v that_o i_o here_o reckon_v exact_o the_o place_n cause_n concoction_n three_o concoction_n and_o the_o order_n of_o the_o three_o concoction_n which_o go_v before_o the_o generation_n of_o urine_n but_o it_o shall_v suffice_v to_o tell_v brief_o that_o of_o the_o meat_n and_o drink_n together_o concoct_v in_o the_o stomach_n be_v make_v rude_a blood_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o which_o rude_a blood_n be_v wrought_v again_o and_o make_v more_o perfect_a in_o the_o liver_n and_o three_o yet_o more_o purify_v in_o the_o hollow_a vein_n where_o the_o urine_n be_v separate_v from_o it_o as_o whey_n from_o milk_n but_o yet_o may_v not_o exact_o be_v call_v urine_n till_o it_o come_v into_o the_o reins_o or_o kidney_n which_o draw_v it_o out_o of_o the_o hollow_a vein_n by_o a_o certain_a natural_a power_n rest_v in_o they_o and_o then_o do_v the_o reins_o or_o kidney_n alter_v it_o perfect_o into_o urine_n as_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o ground_n turn_v air_n into_o water_n but_o you_o must_v take_v this_o comparison_n or_o similitude_n to_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o alteration_n itself_o and_o not_o of_o the_o cause_n now_o when_o urine_n be_v thus_o make_v like_o to_o that_o fashion_n of_o water_n as_o i_o say_v then_o as_o the_o water_n pass_v forth_o from_o his_o first_o place_n by_o issue_n outward_a so_o do_v the_o urine_n descend_v from_o the_o reins_o by_o certain_a vein_n as_o it_o be_v call_v water_n pipe_n and_o run_v into_o the_o bladder_n from_o whence_o at_o due_a time_n it_o be_v expel_v forth_o if_o the_o way_n be_v not_o let_v so_o that_o you_o may_v compare_v the_o reins_o to_o the_o head_n of_o a_o conduit_n the_o water_n pipe_n to_o the_o conduit_n pipe_n the_o bladder_n to_o the_o conduit_n and_o the_o shaft_n to_o the_o rock_n of_o the_o conduit_n and_o further_o as_o the_o water_n do_v declare_v by_o taste_n and_o colour_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o vein_n of_o mettle_n whereby_o it_o run_v and_o from_o whence_o it_o come_v so_o the_o urine_n by_o colour_n and_o other_o way_n declare_v of_o what_o sort_n the_o place_n that_o it_o come_v thorough_a and_o humour_n that_o it_o come_v from_o be_v affect_v and_o yet_o not_o only_o serve_v for_o this_o but_o also_o as_o the_o water_n though_o it_o depart_v from_o the_o earth_n as_o superfluous_a in_o that_o place_n yet_o in_o other_o place_n and_o to_o other_o purpose_n it_o be_v great_o profitable_a so_o the_o urine_n though_o it_o be_v expel_v as_o a_o superfluous_a excrement_n yet_o beside_o the_o commodity_n of_o judgement_n which_o it_o give_v of_o the_o part_n that_o it_o come_v from_o it_o do_v also_o serve_v for_o divers_a use_n in_o medicine_n and_o other_o good_a commodity_n of_o both_o which_o i_o will_v anon_o orderly_o write_v after_o i_o have_v declare_v certain_a thing_n appertain_v to_o the_o due_a judgement_n of_o it_o of_o the_o instrument_n and_o part_n by_o which_o urine_n be_v engender_v and_o pass_v mark_v this_o figure_n follow_v a._n be_v the_o liver_n b._n the_o hollow_a vein_n c._n vein_n by_o which_o the_o reins_o do_v draw_v the_o urine_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v suck_v vein_n d._n the_o reins_o e._n the_o water_n pipe_n f._n be_v the_o bladder_n g._n the_o spout_n of_o the_o yard_n all_o the_o other_o part_n beside_o appertain_v to_o generation_n and_o seed_n chap._n iii_o what_o urine_n be_v and_o what_o token_n it_o give_v in_o general_n you_o have_v hear_v now_o how_o urine_n be_v engender_v from_o whence_o it_o come_v and_o by_o what_o place_n it_o pass_v which_o thing_n all_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o you_o may_v the_o better_o keep_v in_o mind_n you_o shall_v note_v this_o short_a definition_n urine_n the_o definition_n of_o urine_n urine_n be_v the_o superfluity_n or_o wheyie_a substance_n of_o the_o blood_n into_o a_o hollow_a vein_n convey_v by_o the_o reins_o and_o water_n pipe_n into_o the_o bladder_n so_o that_o hereby_o you_o may_v plain_o perceive_v that_o if_o the_o blood_n be_v pure_a and_o clean_a and_o none_o other_o grief_n in_o the_o reins_o water-pipe_n bladder_n nor_o shaft_n then_o shall_v the_o urine_n so_o declare_v it_o be_v also_o perfect_a and_o pure_a in_o substance_n and_o colour_n and_o all_o other_o token_n according_a to_o the_o same_o but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o grief_n in_o any_o of_o those_o part_n or_o the_o blood_n corrupt_v by_o any_o mean_n then_o shall_v the_o urine_n declare_v certain_a token_n of_o the_o same_o as_o i_o
chief_a and_o only_a quality_n whereof_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v both_o in_o the_o sea_n and_o earth_n be_v make_v as_o man_n and_o beast_n fish_n and_o fowl_n tree_n herb_n stone_n and_o metal_n these_o four_o quality_n be_v heat_n cold_a moistness_n and_o dryness_n and_o these_o four_o continue_v due_o temper_v as_o nature_n order_v they_o first_o in_o every_o perfect_a body_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o continual_a health_n but_o if_o they_o be_v alter_v wrong_o then_o do_v they_o cause_v disease_n diverse_o according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o alteration_n and_o as_o they_o do_v cause_n disease_n so_o they_o change_v the_o colour_n substance_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o urine_n whereby_o we_o may_v conjecture_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o disease_n and_o so_o consequent_o the_o disease_n itself_o though_o sometime_o it_o declare_v the_o disease_n itself_o and_o not_o the_o cause_n thereof_o but_o now_o to_o come_v to_o the_o matter_n meet_a for_o this_o time_n quality_n passive_n and_o active_a quality_n you_o shall_v mark_v that_o two_o of_o these_o four_o quality_n be_v name_v passive_a and_o they_o cause_v but_o small_a alteration_n in_o comparison_n the_o other_o two_o be_v call_v active_a and_o they_o cause_v great_a alteration_n the_o active_a quality_n be_v heat_n and_o cold_a and_o the_o passive_a quality_n be_v dryness_n and_o moistness_n when_o moistness_n therefore_o exceed_v alone_a moistness_n moistness_n it_o dull_v the_o natural_a colour_n of_o urine_n thick_v and_o engross_v the_o substance_n and_o increase_v the_o quantity_n and_o as_o the_o over-part_n of_o it_o above_o wax_v rough_a and_o trouble_a so_o the_o ground_n increase_v and_o continue_v raw_a and_o unconcoct_v but_o dryness_n do_v diminish_v the_o quantity_n of_o urine_n dryness_n dryness_n and_o also_o the_o content_n it_o make_v it_o thin_a in_o substance_n clear_a and_o bright_a and_o cause_v mean_a colour_n and_o the_o ground_n appear_v grosser_n likewise_o heat_n heat_n heat_n if_o it_o exceed_v measure_n but_o little_a it_o make_v pale_a and_o light_a saffron_n colour_n in_o the_o urine_n but_o if_o heat_n exceed_v great_o it_o cause_v golden_a and_o saffron_a colour_n with_o mean_a substance_n and_o a_o little_a brightness_n the_o ground_n be_v mean_a in_o respect_n to_o the_o quantity_n of_o urine_n but_o it_o decline_v from_o the_o due_a whiteness_n towards_o saffron_a colour_n but_o cold_a on_o the_o other_o side_n make_v urine_n turn_v to_o white_a colour_n cold._n cold._n and_o change_v the_o substance_n from_o a_o mean_v and_o if_o the_o cold_a increase_n the_o urine_n will_v alter_v from_o mean_a substance_n and_o therefore_o consequent_o will_v be_v either_o thin_a or_o gross_a if_o it_o be_v thin_a or_o unpure_a the_o ground_n shall_v le_fw-fr either_o obscure_a and_o little_a or_o much_o and_o that_o divers_a and_o unconcoct_v and_o this_o be_v the_o work_n of_o these_o four_o quality_n when_o they_o exceed_v alone_o but_o and_o it_o two_o of_o they_o exceed_v together_o there_o may_v result_v of_o that_o sort_n four_o other_o distemperances_n as_o hot_a and_o dry_a hot_a and_o moist_a cold_a and_o dry_a and_o cold_a and_o moist_a quality_n compound_v distemperature_n of_o quality_n now_o what_o alteration_n these_o and_o every_o one_o of_o they_o do_v cause_n the_o urine_n you_o may_v easy_o conjecture_v if_o you_o keep_v in_o mind_n that_o which_o i_o say_v of_o the_o four_o simple_a quality_n and_o so_o add_v together_o the_o alteration_n and_o this_o must_v you_o remember_v therewith_o that_o where_o they_o both_o agree_v in_o any_o alteration_n they_o cause_v that_o alteration_n to_o be_v the_o great_a and_o where_o they_o be_v contrary_a they_o cause_v the_o alteration_n to_o be_v near_o to_o a_o mean_a howbeit_o somewhat_o to_o help_v you_o take_v this_o brief_a declaration_n as_o a_o temperate_a man_n do_v make_v that_o perfect_a urine_n write_v of_o before_o man_n a_o temperate_a man_n in_o chap._n 6._o so_o the_o urine_n of_o a_o sanguine_a man_n which_o be_v hot_a and_o moist_a shall_v be_v yellow_a or_o light_a saffron_n colour_v by_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o heat_n and_o somewhat_o gross_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o moisture_n man_n a_o choleric_a man_n in_o a_o choleric_a man_n be_v hot_a and_o dry_a the_o urine_n shall_v be_v in_o colour_n as_o in_o sanguine_a man_n but_o in_o substance_n thin_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o dryness_n man_n a_o melancolike_a man_n the_o urine_n of_o a_o melancholy_a man_n who_o nature_n be_v cold_a and_o dry_a shall_v be_v white_a through_o the_o cold_a and_o clear_v for_o the_o dryness_n man_n a_o phlegmatic_a man_n the_o phlegmatic_a man_n which_o be_v cold_a and_o moist_a make_v urine_n white_a through_o cold_a and_o thick_a by_o the_o moisture_n for_o as_o heat_n and_o cold_a alter_v the_o colour_n so_o dryness_n and_o moisture_n change_v the_o substance_n now_o if_o you_o have_v remember_v all_o that_o i_o have_v write_v before_o then_o shall_v you_o be_v the_o meet_a and_o better_a able_a a_o great_a deal_n to_o preceive_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o token_n which_o urine_n do_v give_v and_o so_o shall_v your_o knowledge_n be_v the_o more_o certain_a if_o you_o know_v not_o only_o the_o thing_n but_o also_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o now_o therefore_o will_v i_o write_v of_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o part_n of_o urine_n particular_o that_o you_o may_v perceive_v that_o first_o and_o chief_a commodity_n of_o urine_n which_o it_o work_v for_o man_n health_n chap._n viii_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o part_n of_o urine_n particular_o i_o tell_v you_o in_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n what_o urine_n be_v most_o perfect_a sound_a and_o healthful_a of_o all_o other_o and_o i_o say_v that_o it_o be_v the_o rule_n and_o trial_n to_o examine_v all_o other_o urine_v by_o so_o that_o the_o near_a that_o any_o urine_n be_v to_o it_o the_o better_a it_o be_v and_o the_o further_a that_o it_o decline_v from_o it_o the_o worse_a it_o be_v this_o i_o say_v shall_v be_v as_o a_o general_a rule_n which_o thing_n to_o be_v true_a in_o healthful_a man_n you_o may_v perceive_v by_o that_o i_o have_v write_v already_o and_o that_o it_o be_v also_o true_a in_o sick_a man_n hypocrates_n witness_v say_v that_o urine_n be_v best_a who_o ground_n be_v white_a due_o knit_v and_o stable_n all_o the_o time_n that_o the_o sickness_n prevail_v but_o galen_n to_o supply_v that_o that_o be_v understand_v in_o this_o say_n and_o so_o to_o make_v it_o perfect_a add_v thereto_o that_o it_o must_v be_v of_o colour_n party_n golden_a or_o pale_a and_o of_o a_o mean_a substance_n between_o thick_a and_o thin_a and_o also_o in_o these_o thing_n be_v require_v stableness_n to_o make_v it_o a_o perfect_a urine_n for_o that_o which_o be_v untable_a in_o any_o part_n in_o that_o it_o be_v not_o perfect_a here_o be_v a_o place_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o difference_n of_o this_o changeableness_n or_o unstableness_n for_o there_o be_v one_o sort_n call_v ordinary_a and_o another_o call_v unordinarie_a and_o of_o both_o these_o be_v there_o divers_a difference_n but_o because_o they_o depend_v of_o a_o exacter_n judgement_n then_o unlearned_a man_n can_v well_o attain_v unto_o i_o overpass_v they_o for_o this_o time_n and_o will_v declare_v the_o other_o difference_n of_o urine_n whereby_o it_o alter_v from_o this_o mean_a urine_n in_o all_o part_n particular_o urine_n substance_n of_o urine_n and_o first_o will_v begin_v with_o the_o substance_n of_o urine_n the_o which_o as_o i_o say_v fore_o be_v of_o three_o kind_n thick_a thin_a and_o mean_v a_o mean_a urine_n be_v that_o that_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n between_o extreme_a thick_a mean_n mean_n and_o extreme_a thin_a and_o as_o it_o be_v mean_a between_o they_o in_o substance_n so_o be_v it_o mean_v in_o signification_n for_o it_o do_v betoken_v of_o itself_o only_o good_a temperance_n and_o health_n but_o the_o other_o two_o betoken_v distemperance_n and_o default_n of_o concoction_n and_o that_o diverse_o according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o they_o as_o you_o shall_v now_o consequent_o hear_v fist_n to_o speak_v of_o thin_a urine_n either_o it_o do_v still_o so_o continue_v thin_a urine_n thin_a urine_n as_o it_o be_v first_o make_v or_o else_o it_o do_v short_o wax_v thick_a and_o trouble_a that_o that_o do_v continue_v still_o thin_a do_v betoken_v lack_n of_o concoction_n and_o so_o do_v the_o other_o also_o but_o yet_o this_o that_o continue_v thin_a betoken_v more_o lack_n of_o conoction_n for_o it_o betoken_v that_o nature_n have_v not_o yet_o begin_v to_o concoct_v and_o therefore_o be_v that_o water_n a_o sign_n of_o extreme_a crudity_n or_o rawness_n in_o nature_n but_o that_o that_o wax_v thick_a after_o it_o begin_v to_o cool_v though_o it_o betoken_v lack_n of_o concoction_n yet_o do_v it_o
nigh_o to_o the_o reins_o which_o either_o be_v break_v or_o other_o way_n open_v but_o how_o it_o may_v be_v know_v from_o whence_o it_o come_v and_o how_o there_o be_v many_o mean_n to_o search_v but_o because_o they_o be_v not_o light_a to_o perceive_v i_o will_v reserve_v they_o for_o physician_n that_o be_v learned_a this_o colour_n of_o itself_o be_v no_o great_a evil_a sign_n namely_o in_o young_a man_n for_o it_o betoken_v excess_n of_o blood_n which_o may_v well_o be_v bear_v of_o they_o but_o in_o old_a man_n it_o be_v a_o very_a evil_a sign_n for_o it_o betoken_v either_o long_a sickness_n or_o else_o death_n since_o nature_n be_v so_o weak_a that_o it_o can_v keep_v in_o her_o natural_a humour_n and_o if_o that_o red_a colour_n come_v of_o red_a choler_n as_o it_o do_v in_o young_a man_n for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o not_o of_o blood_n which_o thing_n a_o learned_a physician_n may_v conjecture_v partly_o by_o the_o former_a diet_n and_o other_o sign_n more_o the_o accident_n shall_v be_v the_o more_o troublous_a howbeit_o yet_o not_o so_o evil_a as_o when_o it_o come_v of_o saffron_n or_o golden_a choler_n for_o this_o cause_v great_a thirst_n and_o more_o troublous_a sleep_n then_o the_o other_o of_o crimson_a colour_n colour_n crimson_a colour_n crimson_a colour_n be_v a_o token_n that_o the_o good_a humour_n of_o the_o body_n be_v burn_v and_o turn_v into_o red_a or_o black_a choler_n which_o cause_n worse_a grief_n than_o the_o other_o howbeit_o if_o it_o have_v a_o good_a ground_n the_o grief_n be_v the_o more_o moderate_a but_o if_o it_o have_v either_o no_o content_n for_o a_o space_n or_o else_o evil_a content_n and_o the_o urine_n appear_v like_o a_o thick_a mist_n but_o somewhat_o glister_a light_n it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o nature_n need_v such_o strength_n to_o recover_v herself_o to_o her_o own_o state_n notwithstanding_o such_o urine_n be_v cause_v sometime_o in_o whole_a folk_n by_o reason_n of_o much_o labour_n and_o long_o journey_v and_o then_o it_o have_v some_o good_a sign_n therewith_o but_o in_o they_o that_o have_v a_o sharp_a ague_n such_o crimson_a colour_n of_o urine_n do_v betoken_v that_o corrupt_a blood_n do_v abound_v and_o that_o it_o do_v putrify_v and_o turn_v into_o choler_n and_o common_o they_o that_o make_v such_o urine_n do_v thirst_n much_o and_o be_v dry_a in_o their_o mouth_n and_o be_v trouble_v in_o their_o sleep_n and_o feel_v sharp_a ague_n and_o be_v half_o distract_v and_o feel_v pain_n of_o the_o liver_n with_o cough_v howbeit_o yet_o these_o sign_n may_v be_v sometime_o as_o well_o good_a as_o bad_a according_a as_o the_o colour_n do_v change_v to_o better_a or_o worse_o of_o purple_a colour_n colour_n purple_a colour_n purple_a colour_n declare_v need_n of_o much_o strength_n before_o it_o can_v be_v alter_v to_o a_o good_a urine_n this_o urine_n be_v a_o sign_n of_o burn_a choler_n and_o if_o it_o do_v continue_v very_o long_o it_o be_v a_o token_n of_o the_o yellow_a jaundice_n with_o abundance_n of_o gross_a and_o corrupt_a choler_n gather_v in_o the_o liver_n and_o at_o the_o beginning_n there_o go_v with_o it_o some_o spice_n and_o grudge_n of_o the_o ague_n with_o a_o little_a thirstiness_n but_o unless_o there_o be_v discretion_n use_v in_o the_o diet_n of_o such_o a_o patient_n it_o may_v turn_v to_o a_o much_o worse_a disease_n of_o green_n urine_v colour_n green_a colour_n green_a colour_n be_v a_o evil_a and_o a_o dangerous_a token_n for_o it_o need_v not_o only_o long_a time_n but_o also_o cotinual_a strength_n to_o bring_v it_o again_o to_o a_o good_a trade_n the_o high_a that_o this_o colour_n be_v the_o more_o it_o declare_v that_o choler_n exceed_v the_o other_o humour_n which_o if_o it_o be_v any_o more_o burn_v will_v cause_v black_a urine_n of_o which_o i_o will_v anon_o speak_v but_o if_o green_a colour_n come_v of_o waste_v of_o the_o fat_a then_o be_v it_o somewhat_o like_a to_o oily_a colour_n or_o popinjay_n green_a but_o if_o it_o come_v of_o abundance_n of_o purpelish_a colour_n and_o through_o increase_n of_o his_o quality_n then_o do_v the_o colour_n incline_v more_o towards_o black_a and_o glister_v with_o shadowy_a green_a draw_v very_o nigh_o unto_o black_a after_o green_a choler_n follow_v madness_n parbreaking_n and_o avoid_v of_o choler_n sometime_o with_o matter_n or_o else_o burn_v and_o also_o continual_a thirstiness_n and_o burn_a heat_n of_o the_o tongue_n straightness_n about_o the_o stomach_n and_o like_o other_o thing_n but_o if_o the_o patient_a continue_v strong_a and_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o urine_n do_v wax_v light_a there_o be_v good_a hope_n else_o there_o be_v great_a fear_n least_o of_o the_o dryness_n and_o burn_a there_o do_v follow_v contraction_n of_o the_o sinew_n which_o will_v kill_v the_o patient_a of_o oily_a urine_n or_o popinjay_n green_n green_a oily_a urine_n popinjay_n green_a oily_a urine_n be_v of_o three_o sort_n as_o i_o say_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n that_o be_v light_v oily_a stark_o oily_a and_o ddark_v oily_a oily_a urine_n be_v a_o token_n of_o unnatural_a heat_n and_o the_o high_a that_o the_o colour_n be_v the_o great_a be_v the_o heat_n and_o also_o they_o betoken_v melt_v of_o the_o fat_a within_o a_o man_n for_o of_o it_o be_v they_o so_o colour_v but_o at_o the_o beginning_n when_o there_o be_v a_o little_a fat_a melt_v the_o urine_n be_v light_a oily_a for_o if_o it_o look_v stark_o oily_a than_o it_o signify_v that_o the_o disease_n increase_v but_o if_o it_o come_v once_o to_o dark_a oily_a then_o be_v the_o disease_n sore_o increase_v hypocrates_n in_o the_o seven_o book_n of_o his_o aphorism_n speak_v of_o fatness_n in_o urine_n say_v thus_o who_o so_o make_v urine_n with_o fatty_a float_n come_v much_o and_o fast_o they_o have_v sharp_a pain_n in_o the_o reins_o which_o sentence_n though_o it_o seem_v more_o to_o appertain_v to_o the_o content_n then_o to_o the_o colour_n yet_o do_v not_o only_a galen_n but_o also_o aetius_n actuarius_n and_o also_o another_o grecian_a who_o name_n i_o know_v not_o expound_v it_o among_o colour_n and_o by_o it_o declare_v the_o difference_n to_o know_v whether_o that_o waist_n or_o melt_a of_o fat_a be_v in_o the_o reins_o itself_o or_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n for_o if_o it_o come_v fast_o together_o as_o hypocrates_n say_v then_o come_v it_o from_o the_o reins_o itself_o and_o betoken_v the_o waste_a to_o be_v in_o they_o but_o if_o it_o come_v soft_o and_o increase_v by_o little_a and_o little_a then_o do_v it_o declare_v that_o the_o whole_a body_n be_v overcome_v with_o unnatural_a heat_n and_o that_o the_o fat_a of_o it_o do_v waste_v it_o do_v betoken_v as_o act._n witness_v a_o waste_a ague_n consume_v the_o body_n of_o blue_a urine_n ash_n colour_n and_o black_n blue_a colour_n ash-colour_n and_o black_a do_v differ_v only_o in_o lightness_n and_o darkness_n for_o ash-colour_n be_v dark_a than_o blow_v and_o black_a be_v dark_a than_o any_o of_o they_o both_o colour_n blue_n colour_n blue_n colour_n sometime_o come_v of_o moderate_a melancholy_n and_o then_o be_v the_o urine_n somewhat_o thin_a in_o substance_n and_o sometime_o it_o come_v of_o great_a cold_a and_o then_o it_o be_v thick_a in_o substance_n and_o sometime_o it_o be_v a_o token_n of_o mortify_v of_o some_o part_n yea_o and_o sometime_o even_o of_o whole_a nature_n namely_o if_o the_o colour_n change_n to_o worse_a and_o worse_o and_o there_o go_v before_o no_o token_n of_o concoction_n ash-colour_n ash-colour_n ash_n colour_a urine_n come_v of_o like_a cause_n and_o betoken_v like_o thing_n howbeit_o it_o be_v so_o colour_a many_o time_n when_o the_o party_n that_o make_v it_o have_v be_v fore_o beat_v a_o bruise_a but_o in_o this_o you_o need_v not_o the_o help_n of_o urine_n for_o you_o may_v see_v the_o walt_n and_o token_n of_o the_o stripe_n in_o his_o body_n urine_n black_a urine_n urine_n which_o be_v extreme_a black_a sometime_o betoken_v extreme_a heat_n and_o sometime_o extreme_a cold_a the_o which_o both_o you_o may_v distinct_o discern_v if_o you_o do_v observe_v order_n of_o alteration_n in_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o urine_n that_o the_o patient_a make_v last_o before_o for_o if_o his_o urine_n before_o be_v green_a or_o like_v thereto_o then_o do_v the_o black_a urine_n which_o follow_v it_o betoken_v extreme_a heat_n but_o if_o it_o be_v last_o before_o blue_a or_o ash_n colour_v then_o do_v it_o signify_v extreme_a cold_a this_o black_a colour_n though_o it_o be_v common_o a_o evil_a and_o deadly_a sign_n as_o i_o say_v before_o speak_v of_o thick_a urine_n and_o black_a yet_o sometime_o it_o be_v a_o good_a token_n for_o in_o all_o disease_n light_o that_o come_v of_o melancholy_a matter_n it_o betoken_v that_o the_o
scab_n and_o hot_a bush_n also_o it_o stay_v fret_v sore_n namely_o on_o the_o privy_a member_n furthermore_o it_o stinch_v matter_a ear_n if_o it_o be_v drop_v thereinto_o and_o if_o it_o be_v sod_a in_o the_o rind_n of_o a_o pomegranate_n it_o expel_v worm_n out_o of_o the_o ear_n urine_n child_n urine_n the_o urine_n of_o a_o child_n under_o 14._o year_n of_o age_n do_v cure_v the_o toughness_n of_o breath_n if_o it_o be_v drunken_a if_o it_o be_v sod_a in_o a_o brazen_a vessel_n with_o honey_n it_o heal_v creythe_n and_o also_o the_o web_n and_o the_o tey_n in_o the_o eye_n there_o be_v make_v of_o it_o and_o copper_n good_a soldier_n for_o gold_n urine_n dregs_o of_o urine_n the_o dregs_o of_o urine_n be_v good_a for_o saint_n anthony_n evil_a if_o it_o be_v anoint_v thereon_o so_o that_o as_o galen_n do_v wise_o add_v the_o sore_o be_v cool_v first_o with_o some_o other_o thing_n and_o be_v not_o burn_v if_o it_o be_v heat_v with_o oil_n of_o privet_fw-la and_o lay_v to_o the_o womb_n of_o a_o woman_n it_o will_v assuage_v the_o grief_n of_o the_o mother_n and_o cure_v also_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o same_o it_o cleanse_v the_o eyelid_n and_o the_o creythe_n in_o the_o eye_n stale_a ox_n stale_a ox_n stale_a be_v temper_v with_o myrrh_n and_o drop_v into_o sore_a ear_n heal_v the_o pain_n of_o they_o the_o urine_n of_o a_o wild_a boar_n bore_n wild_a bore_n be_v of_o the_o same_o virtue_n if_o it_o be_v keep_v as_o sextus_n platonicus_n write_v in_o a_o glass_n and_o drop_v warm_a into_o they_o but_o it_o have_v a_o more_o peculiar_a property_n in_o break_v of_o the_o stone_n and_o to_o expel_v the_o same_o if_o it_o be_v drink_v urine_n goat_n urine_n goat_n urine_n drink_v every_o day_n with_o spikenard_n and_o three_o ounce_n of_o water_n be_v good_a for_o the_o dropsy_n for_o it_o expel_v urine_n by_o the_o siege_n and_o it_o cure_v pain_n of_o the_o ear_n if_o it_o be_v drop_v into_o they_o piss_n ass_n piss_n ass_n piss_n as_o it_o be_v write_v be_v good_a for_o the_o grief_n of_o the_o reins_o if_o it_o be_v drink_v stale_a mule_n stale_a mule_n stale_a as_o paulus_n aegineta_n say_v be_v good_a to_o heal_v pain_n in_o the_o joint_n stale_a camel_n and_o goat_n stale_a the_o stale_a of_o camel_n and_o goat_n also_o do_v provoke_v siege_n and_o therefore_o be_v good_a for_o they_o that_o have_v the_o dropsy_n platonicus_n sextus_n platonicus_n sextus_n platonicus_n say_v that_o goat_n urine_n if_o it_o be_v drink_v do_v provoke_v woman_n term_n and_o cure_v pain_n in_o the_o ear_n be_v drope_v into_o they_o and_o be_v mix_v with_o mulset_a wine_n aegineta_n paulus_n aegineta_n and_o so_o drop_v into_o the_o ear_n it_o draw_v out_o matter_n if_o there_o be_v any_o boar_n wild_a boar_n the_o urine_n of_o the_o wild_a boar_n with_o mulset_a vinegar_n be_v good_a for_o the_o fall_a evil_n if_o it_o be_v drink_v piss_v dog_n piss_v a_o dog_n piss_v temper_v with_o dust_n and_o lay_v in_o wool_n will_v heal_v corn_n marveilous_o and_o destroy_v wart_n urine_n child_n urine_n a_o child_n urine_n will_v heal_v the_o sting_a of_o a_o bee_n wasp_n and_o hornet_n if_o the_o place_n be_v wash_v therewith_o urine_n man_n urine_n a_o man_n urine_n will_v cleanse_v the_o freckle_n and_o spot_n in_o the_o face_n and_o if_o a_o woman_n can_v be_v deliver_v of_o the_o after_o burden_n let_v she_o drink_v man_n urine_n and_o she_o shall_v be_v deliver_v straight_o collumella_n say_v that_o the_o best_a dung_v for_o young_a shot_n of_o tree_n collumella_n collumella_n be_v man_n urine_n namely_o which_o have_v stand_v half_a a_o year_n for_o if_o you_o water_n vine_n or_o appletree_n with_o it_o there_o be_v no_o dung_n that_o will_v cause_v so_o much_o fruit_n as_o it_o will_v do_v and_o not_o only_o that_o but_o it_o cause_v also_o the_o savour_n and_o the_o taste_n both_o of_o the_o apple_n urine_n sheep_n urine_n and_o of_o the_o wine_n to_o be_v much_o the_o better_o constantinus_n affricanus_fw-la say_v that_o the_o urine_n of_o a_o sheep_n affricanus_fw-la constantinus_n affricanus_fw-la or_o a_o ox_n with_o some_o hot_a oil_n be_v good_a for_o the_o grief_n in_o the_o car_n that_o come_v of_o cold_a urine_n as_o vitalis_n de_fw-fr furno_n say_v fret_v vitalis_n vitalis_n dri_v and_o burn_v and_o be_v good_a for_o the_o grief_n of_o the_o spleen_n if_o it_o be_v drink_v as_o gontilis_n write_v stale_a ass_n stale_a the_o urine_n of_o a_o male_a ass_n as_o the_o same_o vitalis_n say_v temper_v with_o nardus_fw-la do_v increase_v and_o preserve_v hair_n and_o as_o some_o say_v by_o the_o write_n of_o marcellus_n virgilius_n urine_n be_v of_o no_o small_a nourishment_n virgilius_n m._n virgilius_n for_o divers_a folk_n in_o the_o time_n of_o dearth_n have_v be_v preserve_v by_o the_o only_a use_n and_o drink_v of_o it_o also_o marcellus_n the_o practitioner_n marcellus_n marcellus_n in_o the_o 27._o chapter_n do_v witness_n that_o the_o urine_n of_o a_o man_n be_v good_a for_o divers_a disease_n of_o the_o womb_n and_o bowel_n and_o namely_o for_o the_o colic_n because_o that_o partly_o with_o provoke_v of_o vomit_n and_o partly_o by_o occasion_n of_o seges_fw-la it_o expel_v strong_o all_o noisome_a humour_n and_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n do_v common_a practitioner_n keep_v it_o still_o in_o daily_a use_n huttenus_n vldericus_n huttenus_n vlderick_n hutten_n also_o witness_v that_o he_o do_v drive_v away_o the_o ague_n above_o 8._o time_n with_o the_o only_o drink_v of_o his_o own_o urine_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o sickness_n and_o many_o still_o do_v use_v the_o same_o practice_n and_o it_o prove_v well_o ficinus_fw-la marsilius_n ficinus_fw-la likewise_o marsilius_n ficinus_fw-la write_v that_o many_o man_n do_v use_v to_o drink_v urine_n for_o the_o pestilence_n which_o thing_n do_v galen_n write_v long_o before_o he_o and_o also_o paulus_n aegineta_n and_o do_v testify_v also_o that_o it_o preserve_v they_o that_o drink_v it_o a_o the_o least_o way_n as_o they_o think_v all_o urine_n as_o galen_n write_v be_v hot_a in_o virtue_n galen_n galen_n and_o sharp_a as_o say_v aegineta_n howbeit_o it_o differ_v according_a to_o they_o that_o make_v it_o for_o the_o hot_a they_o be_v that_o make_v it_o the_o hot_a be_v it_o also_o and_o likewise_o the_o cold_a urine_n comet_n h_z of_o a_o cold_a body_n man_n urine_n be_v the_o weak_a of_o all_o other_o except_o tame_a barrow_n hog_n for_o they_o in_o very_o many_o point_n agree_v with_o man_n but_o the_o urine_n of_o wild_a boar_n be_v strong_a urine_n man_n urine_n man_n urine_n be_v of_o as_o strong_a cleanse_a virtue_n as_o any_o thing_n else_o and_o therefore_o do_v fuller_n use_n it_o to_o scour_v and_o cleanse_v their_o cloth_n and_o in_o cure_n of_o grief_n be_v also_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v use_v to_o soak_v and_o wash_v maunginess_n and_o scabbedness_n and_o run_v sore_n that_o be_v full_a of_o corruption_n and_o filth_n and_o special_o if_o they_o have_v in_o they_o putrify_a matter_n and_o for_o such_o sore_n on_o the_o privy_a member_n it_o be_v good_a and_o for_o matter_a ear_n and_o for_o scale_n and_o scurf_n if_o the_o head_n be_v wash_v in_o it_o i_o have_v heal_v with_o it_o many_o time_n sore_n on_o the_o toe_n namely_o which_o come_v of_o bruise_n and_o be_v without_o inflammation_n and_o that_o in_o servant_n and_o husbandman_n which_o have_v a_o journey_n to_o go_v and_o no_o physician_n with_o they_o bid_v they_o to_o wet_v a_o small_a clout_n with_o it_o and_o to_o put_v into_o the_o sore_n and_o then_o to_o bind_v a_o cloth_n about_o it_o and_o as_o often_o as_o they_o list_v to_o make_v water_n to_o let_v it_o fall_v on_o their_o sore_a toe_n and_o not_o to_o take_v the_o cloth_n away_o till_o it_o be_v quite_o whole_a that_o medicine_n which_o be_v make_v of_o child_n urine_n call_v of_o some_o man_n in_o greek_a chrisocola_n chrisocola_n chrysocola_n that_o be_v to_o say_v gold_n soldier_n because_o man_n use_v to_o soldier_n gold_n this_o i_o say_v be_v exceed_v good_a for_o sore_n that_o be_v hard_a to_o heal_v for_o this_o medicine_n do_v i_o use_v for_o the_o chief_a mix_v it_o with_o such_o other_o thing_n as_o be_v good_a for_o such_o like_a sore_n in_o the_o time_n of_o pestilence_n in_o syria_n many_o do_v drink_v child_n urine_n and_o man_n also_o and_o think_v that_o they_o be_v preserve_v by_o it_o of_o urine_n also_o do_v alchumyst_n make_v divers_a thing_n alchumist_n alchumist_n as_o salt_n and_o other_o thing_n more_o and_o many_o other_o commodity_n there_o be_v of_o urine_n as_o for_o wash_v and_o scour_v and_o other_o like_a which_o for_o briefness_n i_o overpass_v and_o the_o rather_o because_o they_o be_v common_o
the_o urinal_n of_o physic_n by_o robert_n record_n doctor_n of_o physic_n whereunto_o be_v add_v a_o ingenious_a treatise_n concern_v physician_n apothecary_n and_o chyrurgian_n set_v forth_o by_o a_o dr._n in_o queen_n elizabeth_n day_n with_o a_o translation_n of_o papius_n ahalsossa_n concern_v apothecary_n confect_v their_o medicine_n worthy_a peruse_n and_o follow_v london_n print_v by_o gartrude_n dawson_n 1651._o to_o the_o reader_n if_o either_o the_o corruption_n or_o abuse_v of_o thing_n may_v deprive_v we_o of_o this_o lawful_a and_o necessary_a use_n of_o they_o even_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n our_o law_n out_o provision_n of_o life_n and_o clothing_n may_v fall_v under_o declension_n if_o not_o abolition_n it_o be_v true_a from_o the_o inspection_n of_o urine_n some_o have_v presume_v to_o pretend_v a_o large_a judgement_n and_o indication_n then_o may_v just_o be_v draw_v or_o conjecture_v out_o of_o it_o yet_o it_o be_v general_o conclude_v by_o physician_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a that_o both_o urine_n and_o pulse_n be_v so_o necessary_a that_o without_o they_o all_o knowledge_n of_o physic_n beside_o be_v doubtful_a obscure_a and_o uncertain_a whereof_o the_o first_o show_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o liver_n and_o vein_n the_o second_o of_o the_o heart_n and_o artery_n the_o urine_n because_o with_o the_o blood_n it_o be_v convene_v into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o from_o thence_o return_v back_o again_o in_o the_o vein_n to_o the_o liver_n and_o urinal_n vessel_n bring_v with_o it_o some_o indicature_n of_o the_o state_n and_o disposition_n of_o all_o those_o part_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v and_o who_o shall_v please_v to_o peruse_v that_o exact_a piece_n of_o daniel_n becherus_n shall_v find_v observable_a piece_n both_o concern_v the_o urine_n and_o divers_a experiment_a medicine_n make_v with_o it_o concern_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o pulte_n who_o shall_v please_v to_o peruse_v doctor_n may_v upon_o pennant_n shall_v find_v the_o pulse_n motion_n not_o so_o certain_a a_o indicature_n because_o in_o some_o disease_n there_o be_v cessation_n or_o none_o or_o small_a appearance_n to_o conjecture_v by_o concern_v cerning_a the_o author_n he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o first_o who_o labour_v to_o reduce_v the_o tractate_n thereof_o unto_o order_n and_o method_n and_o have_v be_v second_v by_o laborious_a borious_a fletcher_n to_o who_o our_o english_a nation_n owe_v much_o for_o their_o labour_n the_o antiquity_n and_o pain_n of_o the_o author_n have_v cause_v it_o to_o be_v present_v again_o to_o the_o press_n hope_v with_o judicious_a man_n it_o shall_v receive_v the_o acceptance_n be_v desire_v study_v by_o the_o wellwisher_a of_o your_o health_n r._n r._n the_o preface_n though_o the_o unsatiable_a greediness_n of_o covetous_a man_n do_v many_o and_o sundry_a way_n hurt_v example_n the_o good_a use_n of_o a_o covetous_a example_n yet_o some_o way_n it_o may_v do_v no_o less_o good_a if_o man_n will_v not_o disdain_v as_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o use_v it_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o but_o because_o that_o unsaciableness_n be_v never_o satisfy_v but_o beside_o thousand_o of_o mean_n invent_v already_o to_o quench_v the_o unquenchable_a greediness_n it_o seek_v and_o find_v daily_o new_a and_o new_a mean_n innumerable_a so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o infinite_a labour_n to_o declare_v they_o all_o i_o will_v witting_o and_o purposed_o pass_v they_o over_o only_o take_v one_o general_a sentence_n which_o shall_v be_v in_o stead_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n vespasian_n one_o of_o the_o great_a schoolmaster_n of_o avarice_n which_o can_v pick_v out_o profit_n of_o every_o thing_n yea_o even_o of_o man_n urine_n teach_v his_o scholar_n i_o mean_v the_o whole_a court_n of_o covetous_a person_n this_o lesson_n ensue_v lucri_fw-la bone_fw-la odor_n caece_n qualibet_fw-la lucre_n be_v sweet_a and_o have_v a_o good_a savour_n though_o it_o come_v of_o urine_n dirt_n or_o ordure_n this_o sentence_n if_o it_o be_v withdraw_v from_o the_o filthy_a lucre_n of_o unsatiable_a covetousness_n wherein_o it_o be_v detestable_a and_o employ_v rather_o to_o the_o due_a lucre_n of_o man_n sustenance_n than_o it_o become_v tolerable_a but_o if_o it_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o necessary_a lucre_n of_o man_n health_n then_o be_v it_o great_o commendable_a if_o there_o can_v be_v then_o any_o commodity_n for_o man_n health_n gather_v out_o of_o urine_n as_o there_o may_v be_v much_o man_n shall_v not_o be_v negligent_a in_o seek_v of_o that_o thing_n which_o shall_v do_v good_a both_o to_o themselves_o and_o other_o see_v the_o covetous_a be_v so_o diligent_a in_o seek_v for_o that_o thing_n which_o shall_v profit_v neither_o themselves_o nor_o other_o and_o the_o negligence_n be_v so_o much_o the_o great_a if_o man_n be_v more_o remiss_a in_o seek_v after_o so_o necessary_a a_o thing_n in_o a_o matter_n so_o commendable_a than_o the_o covetous_a in_o a_o bad_a thing_n but_o in_o as_o much_o as_o this_o thing_n by_o reason_n it_o be_v not_o plain_o ser_fw-mi forth_o be_v with_o no_o less_o difficulty_n to_o be_v study_v on_o than_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v use_v the_o ignorant_a may_v have_v some_o excuse_n i_o therefore_o in_o the_o name_n of_o many_o other_o have_v take_v this_o pain_n on_o i_o to_o set_v forth_o this_o thing_n so_o plain_o aside_o ignorance_n set_v aside_o that_o ignorance_n can_v have_v no_o excuse_n but_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v doubt_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o treatise_n or_o of_o my_o intent_n write_v why_o this_o book_n be_v write_v in_o put_v forth_o the_o same_o rather_o in_o this_o our_o english_a tongue_n then_o any_o other_o i_o shall_v brief_o show_v reason_n of_o both_o first_o for_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o reason_n the_o first_o reason_n i_o will_v bold_o speak_v know_v for_o certain_a that_o no_o man_n that_o can_v judge_v it_o will_v say_v or_o think_v otherwise_o but_o that_o it_o be_v as_o true_a as_o man_n knowledge_n can_v devise_v it_o and_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o most_o excellent_a writer_n of_o physic_n both_o greek_n and_o latin_a namely_o hypocrates_n galen_n aetius_n aeginota_n philothous_n theophilus_n actuarius_n also_o cornelius_n celsus_n plinius_n constantinus_n africanus_n and_o clementius_fw-la clementinus_fw-la with_o other_o more_o confer_v also_o with_o these_o avicenna_n egidius_n polidamus_n and_o such_o like_a but_o with_o what_o temperance_n and_o moderation_n they_o that_o be_v learned_a may_v perceive_v these_o have_v i_o follow_v chief_o in_o this_o judgement_n of_o urine_n and_o in_o the_o use_n of_o medicine_n and_o disease_n touch_v urine_n i_o have_v join_v with_o they_o dioscorides_n quintus_fw-la serenus_n columela_n sextus_n platonicus_n and_o divers_a other_o now_o if_o there_o be_v any_o man_n that_o doubt_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o those_o writer_n in_o this_o thing_n i_o be_o not_o here_o to_o force_v belief_n upon_o they_o author_n the_o intent_n of_o the_o author_n but_o now_o as_o touch_v my_o intent_n in_o write_v this_o treatise_n in_o english_a though_o this_o cause_n may_v seem_v sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v many_o man_n that_o i_o be_o a_o english_a man_n and_o therefore_o may_v most_o easy_o and_o plain_o write_v in_o my_o native_a tongue_n rather_o than_o in_o any_o other_o yet_o unto_o they_o that_o know_v the_o hardness_n of_o the_o matter_n this_o answer_n shall_v seem_v unlikely_a consider_v that_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o translate_v into_o such_o a_o tongue_n wherein_o the_o art_n have_v not_o be_v write_v before_o then_o to_o write_v in_o those_o tongue_n in_o which_o the_o term_n of_o the_o art_n be_v better_o express_v now_o to_o show_v brief_o the_o cause_n move_v i_o thereunto_o i_o be_o sure_a there_o be_v but_o few_o that_o ever_o seek_v counsel_n for_o their_o health_n but_o they_o know_v that_o the_o common_a trade_n to_o attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o disease_n be_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o urine_n though_o not_o alone_o yet_o as_o the_o principal_a likewise_o as_o the_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n so_o good_a but_o the_o abuse_n of_o it_o may_v cause_v harm_n to_o ensue_v thereupon_o so_o this_o judgement_n of_o urine_n though_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n high_o to_o be_v regard_v yet_o if_o it_o be_v use_v rash_o without_o forego_v sign_n it_o may_v cause_n as_o it_o do_v often_o some_o error_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o physician_n though_o he_o be_v right_o excellent_o learn_v not_o so_o much_o by_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o physician_n as_o by_o want_n of_o knowledge_n in_o the_o patient_a which_o shall_v instruct_v the_o physician_n in_o such_o question_n as_o he_o need_v to_o demand_v of_o he_o and_o not_o to_o look_v that_o the_o physician_n shall_v tell_v he_o all_o thing_n at_o the_o first_o sight_n more_o like_o a_o god_n then_o man_n so_o that_o
matter_n do_v avoid_v and_o so_o the_o sickness_n to_o end_v and_o such_o urine_n do_v appear_v many_o time_n after_o purgation_n or_o other_o meat_n and_o drink_n which_o purge_v the_o spleen_n namely_o if_o a_o man_n do_v labour_n upon_o they_o that_o be_v before_o disease_v of_o the_o splcen_n howbeit_o sometime_o meat_n and_o drink_n of_o like_a colour_n cause_n black_a urine_n as_o galen_n witness_v namely_o after_o dark_a red_a wine_n and_o alicant_n but_o in_o moderate_a ague_n if_o such_o black_a urine_n do_v appear_v it_o be_v a_o token_n of_o death_n except_o it_o be_v on_o some_o critical_a day_n and_o likewise_o in_o sharp_a ague_n especial_o if_o the_o savour_n be_v strong_a and_o stink_a unless_o it_o come_v of_o some_o grief_n of_o the_o bladder_n urine_n quantity_n of_o urine_n let_v this_o suffice_v for_o this_o time_n as_o touch_v colour_n now_o for_o the_o quantity_n of_o urine_n as_o when_o it_o be_v mean_a it_o be_v a_o good_a token_n so_o when_o it_o be_v either_o too_o much_o or_o too_o little_a it_o be_v a_o evil_a sign_n except_o it_o come_v of_o such_o cause_n as_o i_o show_v before_o that_o alter_v urine_n in_o a_o healthful_a man_n body_n much_o in_o a_o whole_a body_n as_o first_o excessive_a quantity_n of_o urine_n come_v of_o much_o drink_n of_o thin_a wine_n as_o rhenish_a wine_n and_o such_o like_a but_o that_o shall_v you_o thus_o know_v for_o the_o colour_n will_v be_v white_o and_o the_o substance_n thin_a than_o a_o mean_a the_o content_n also_o will_v be_v divers_a and_o not_o due_o knit_v likewise_o if_o there_o be_v abundance_n of_o raw_a humour_n in_o a_o man_n unconcocted_a and_o yet_o nature_n persevere_v strong_a then_o be_v there_o great_a quantity_n of_o urine_n and_o somewhat_o thin_a of_o substance_n but_o not_o so_o white_a as_o the_o other_o and_o the_o content_n of_o this_o be_v better_o also_o as_o hypocrates_n say_v much_o vtine_v make_v in_o 3._o 4._o aph._n 3._o the_o night_n be_v a_o token_n of_o small_a siege_n so_o that_o if_o any_o impediment_n let_v natural_a siege_n then_o will_v the_o quantity_n of_o urine_n be_v the_o great_a but_o in_o this_o as_o the_o colour_n be_v mean_a so_o be_v the_o ground_n both_o great_a and_o grosser_n yet_o in_o healthful_a folk_n may_v the_o urine_n by_o another_o mean_n also_o be_v great_a than_o a_o mean_a and_o that_o may_v be_v by_o medicine_n which_o provoke_v urine_n but_o then_o be_v the_o colour_n more_o natural_a than_o the_o last_o that_o i_o speak_v of_o and_o the_o ground_n be_v thin_a of_o substance_n so_o that_o it_o be_v dark_a and_o scarce_o see_v and_o then_o be_v there_o a_o certain_a glister_n in_o the_o urine_n itself_o body_n little_a urine_n in_o a_o whole_a body_n now_o contrary_a way_n and_o of_o contrary_a cause_n come_v small_a quantity_n of_o urine_n for_o it_o come_v sometime_o of_o lack_n of_o drink_n or_o dry_a meat_n and_o then_o be_v the_o colour_n light_a saffron_n with_o a_o small_a ground_n but_o yet_o somewhat_o gross_a also_o both_o meat_n and_o medicine_n that_o be_v clammy_a and_o apt_a to_o stop_v the_o water_n pipe_n do_v cause_n little_a urine_n but_o then_o be_v the_o ground_n also_o little_a and_o thin_a beside_o these_o much_o siege_n cause_v urine_n to_o be_v lesser_a for_o if_o the_o one_o excrement_n be_v great_a than_o nature_n will_v the_o other_o must_v needs_o be_v less_o if_o the_o body_n be_v healthful_a in_o this_o urine_n as_o you_o may_v partly_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o by_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o excessive_a siege_n so_o will_v the_o urine_n itself_o be_v thin_a and_o the_o ground_n very_o dark_a thin_a and_o not_o due_o knit_v and_o thus_o many_o way_n may_v this_o alteration_n appear_v in_o a_o healthful_a body_n body_n much_o urine_n in_o a_o sick_a body_n now_o in_o a_o sick_a person_n much_o urine_n either_o betoken_v the_o dropsy_n and_o then_o be_v it_o like_o water_n with_o a_o raw_a and_o diverse_a ground_n or_o else_o if_o it_o be_v white_a thin_a and_o without_o ground_n then_o do_v it_o betoken_v the_o pissing_a evil_n and_o this_o urine_n as_o witness_v galen_n in_o in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o judicial_n be_v the_o worst_a of_o any_o other_o of_o like_a sort_n diabete_a diabete_a i_o mean_v which_o declare_v lack_v of_o concoction_n for_o it_o declare_v the_o decay_n yea_o i_o may_v say_v the_o utter_a extinction_n of_o two_o natural_a power_n that_o be_v the_o retentive_a power_n and_o the_o alterative_a power_n also_o much_o urine_n in_o colour_n fiery_a and_o light_a saffron_n or_o of_o any_o like_a colour_n be_v to_o be_v fear_v namely_o if_o it_o be_v couple_v with_o evil_a content_n but_o if_o it_o be_v of_o crimson_a or_o purple_a colour_n and_o so_o proceed_v especial_o if_o no_o concoction_n go_v before_o it_o then_o do_v it_o incline_v to_o evil_a and_o betoken_v a_o certain_a mortify_n and_o waste_v of_o the_o whole_a composition_n of_o the_o body_n but_o if_o much_o urine_n come_v in_o a_o ague_n namely_o towards_o the_o end_n and_o that_o there_o go_v before_o it_o little_a urine_n thick_a and_o rud_z die_v then_o be_v that_o a_o good_a token_n 69._o 4._o aph._n 69._o as_o witness_v hypocnates_n for_o it_o betoken_v the_o ague_n to_o be_v at_o a_o end_n and_o this_o urine_n will_v be_v white_a and_o thin_a moderate_o and_o will_v have_v a_o mean_a ground_n body_n little_a uril_n in_o a_o sick_a body_n now_o little_a quantity_n of_o urine_n with_o a_o gross_a ground_n undue_o knit_v and_o unconcoct_v be_v a_o evil_a token_n for_o it_o betoken_v the_o weakness_n of_o the_o alterative_a power_n which_o be_v not_o able_a to_o extenuate_v concoct_v neither_o alter_v the_o matter_n and_o therefore_o do_v it_o with_o much_o difficulty_n pass_v forth_o in_o such_o grossness_n howbeit_o if_o there_o follow_v after_o it_o a_o more_o thin_a urine_n with_o the_o ground_n well_o and_o due_o knit_v and_o stable_n then_o be_v it_o without_o fear_n for_o this_o latter_a urine_n as_o you_o hear_v before_o be_v a_o token_n that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o other_o be_v overcome_v and_o vanquish_v this_o little_a quantity_n of_o urine_n come_v sometime_o in_o vehement_a ague_n and_o then_o be_v the_o violent_a heat_n cause_n thereof_o sometime_o also_o it_o come_v of_o the_o stop_n of_o the_o water-pipe_n not_o only_o through_o clammy_a meat_n and_o drink_n but_o also_o of_o some_o disease_n or_o grief_n in_o they_o and_o this_o now_o shall_v suffice_v for_o a_o introduction_n as_o touch_v the_o substance_n colour_n and_o quantity_n of_o urine_n it_o follow_v next_o content_n content_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o content_n which_o so_o great_o help_v to_o the_o right_a judgement_n of_o urine_n that_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o second_o book_n of_o prognostication_n do_v by_o they_o only_o then_o and_o that_o by_o one_o of_o they_o i_o mean_v the_o ground_n pronounce_v the_o judgement_n of_o a_o perfect_a urine_n say_v that_o that_o be_v the_o best_a urine_n sediment_n sediment_n which_o have_v his_o sediment_n or_o ground_n white_z due_o knit_v and_o stable_n and_o that_o continual_o all_o the_o time_n of_o the_o sickness_n now_o see_v this_o great_a clerk_n and_o father_n of_o physic_n do_v thus_o esteem_v the_o ground_n it_o shall_v not_o seem_v unmeet_a that_o i_o orderly_o do_v write_v brief_o of_o those_o principal_a thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o touch_v the_o content_n and_o first_o of_o all_o of_o the_o ground_n which_o have_v alteration_n as_o you_o have_v hear_v both_o in_o substance_n colour_n and_o quantity_n but_o now_o as_o touch_v the_o substance_n then_o be_v it_o only_o mean_a when_o the_o three_o concoction_n in_o the_o vein_n be_v perfect_a for_o the_o ground_n be_v the_o excrement_n as_o you_o may_v say_v of_o that_o three_o concoction_n and_o be_v like_a in_o form_n to_o matter_n save_v that_o it_o be_v more_o due_o knit_v together_o then_o be_v matter_n and_o do_v not_o smell_v so_o evil_a as_o it_o or_o else_o you_o may_v liken_v it_o to_o thin_a fleam_n ground_n gross_v ground_n this_o ground_n be_v then_o gross_a when_o the_o vein_n be_v replenish_v with_o raw_a humour_n howbeit_o this_o grosseness_n or_o thickness_n be_v not_o always_o a_o evil_a token_n for_o sometime_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o nature_n have_v prevail_v against_o the_o crude_a humour_n which_o cause_v disease_n and_o do_v expel_v such_o superfluous_a excrement_n and_o that_o shall_v you_o discern_v by_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o colour_n and_o also_o if_o it_o come_v in_o the_o decline_a of_o the_o sickness_n for_o if_o it_o come_v at_o the_o beginning_n either_o in_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o sickness_n then_o be_v they_o to_o be_v suspect_v as_o evil_a especial_o if_o they_o bring_v with_o they_o evil_a colour_n ground_n
a_o good_a ground_n be_v couple_v with_o certain_a evil_n and_o unconcted_a fragment_n of_o '_o all_o sort_n of_o humour_n for_o sometime_o there_o appear_v with_o the_o content_n certain_a ragged_a scrap_n incline_v in_o colour_n towards_o a_o yellow_a or_o a_o white_a or_o else_o some_o such_o like_a if_o those_o appear_v in_o great_a quantity_n they_o declare_v the_o matter_n to_o be_v half_o unconcoct_v and_o that_o the_o humour_n who_o scrap_n they_o be_v do_v abound_v in_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o body_n and_o be_v as_o dust_n or_o burn_v but_o if_o they_o be_v few_o then_o declare_v they_o the_o malice_n of_o the_o humour_n to_o be_v mild_a and_o that_o the_o use_n of_o evil_a meat_n do_v cause_v they_o the_o great_a that_o such_o ragged_a scrap_n be_v the_o lesser_a adustion_n of_o humour_n they_o declare_v to_o be_v in_o the_o vein_n and_o the_o lesser_a they_o be_v the_o great_a heat_n they_o do_v betoken_v for_o the_o cause_n of_o such_o ragged_a scrap_n be_v excessive_a heat_n which_o do_v turn_v those_o humour_n into_o a_o thickness_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o bony_a nature_n by_o reason_n that_o they_o have_v remain_v long_o in_o certain_a vein_n and_o be_v neither_o dissolve_v nor_o extenuate_v nor_o yet_o quick_o expel_v by_o urine_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v hair_n of_o sundry_a length_n hair_n hair_n some_o a_o inch_n and_o some_o a_o handful_n long_o some_o long_a and_o some_o short_a and_o these_o be_v in_o colour_n white_o and_o do_v betoken_v grief_n of_o the_o reins_o these_o be_v engender_v in_o the_o water-pipe_n which_o go_v from_o the_o reins_o to_o the_o bladder_n so_o that_o as_o long_o as_o those_o water-pipe_n be_v in_o length_n so_o long_o may_v those_o hair_n also_o be_v which_o be_v a_o gross_a and_o bake_a humour_n wrought_v in_o form_n of_o a_o hair_n of_o those_o speak_v hypocrates_n say_v 76._o 4._o aph._n 76._o in_o who_o urine_n soever_o there_o do_v appear_v little_a piece_n of_o flesh_n either_o as_o it_o be_v hair_n those_o same_o come_v from_o the_o reins_o namely_o if_o the_o urine_n be_v thick_a howbeit_o these_o be_v sometime_o see_v in_o such_o man_n urine_n as_o feel_v no_o grief_n in_o the_o reins_n but_o only_o have_v feed_v some_o continue_a space_n on_o phlegmatic_a meat_n which_o will_v prepare_v matter_n to_o such_o disease_n as_o they_o do_v also_o to_o many_o other_o grief_n of_o which_o to_o speak_v in_o this_o place_n it_o be_v meet_v but_o to_o go_v on_o with_o this_o thing_n that_o we_o have_v in_o hand_n beside_o such_o ragged_a scrap_n and_o hair_n as_o i_o have_v speak_v of_o there_o appear_v sometime_o in_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o urine_n and_o also_o disparkled_n abroad_o in_o the_o urine_n it_o self_n sundry_a and_o divers_a kind_n of_o mote_n as_o it_o be_v which_o do_v declare_v that_o there_o be_v grief_n disperse_v in_o sundry_a part_n of_o the_o body_n motes_n motes_n and_o this_o now_o may_v suffice_v as_o touch_v content_n of_o every_o kind_n therefore_o now_o will_v i_o a_o little_a repeat_v out_o of_o actuarius_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o judgement_n region_n the_o place_n of_o the_o content_n the_o low_a region_n that_o ground_n which_o fleet_v nigh_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o urinal_n be_v in_o other_o point_n also_o good_a and_o mild_a do_v betoken_v no_o strange_a thing_n but_o if_o it_o be_v unconcoct_v and_o deform_v it_o betoken_v default_n in_o nature_n and_o if_o his_o part_n be_v disparkle_v asunder_o it_o betoken_v a_o dimness_n in_o nature_n which_o do_v not_o resist_v the_o rebellion_n of_o noisome_a humour_n so_o that_o in_o such_o case_n there_o appear_v need_n both_o of_o long_a time_n and_o also_o more_o strength_n to_o overcome_v that_o evil_a but_o as_o it_o be_v commendable_a that_o the_o ground_n fleet_n nigh_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o urinal_n so_o be_v it_o discommendable_a if_o it_o lie_v flat_a on_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o same_o region_n the_o middle_a region_n now_o as_o touch_v the_o swim_n or_o sublimation_n if_o it_o be_v good_a in_o colour_n and_o other_o way_n then_o do_v it_o differ_v only_o in_o place_n from_o a_o right_a ground_n and_o that_o come_v of_o a_o unnatural_a windiness_n which_o make_v it_o to_o be_v so_o light_a and_o to_o fleet_v above_o his_o due_a place_n but_o if_o his_o colour_n and_o other_o like_o point_n be_v evil_a yet_o then_o do_v it_o betoken_v less_o evil_a then_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o right_a place_n of_o the_o ground_n region_n the_o high_a region_n but_o now_o as_o touch_v the_o three_o and_o high_a region_n which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o the_o cloud_n if_o there_o appear_v a_o light_n and_o thin_a cloud_n it_o betoken_v no_o small_a grief_n of_o the_o head_n but_o this_o difference_n be_v there_o in_o the_o cloud_n the_o better_a that_o they_o be_v in_o colour_n and_o substance_n the_o far_o they_o differ_v from_o a_o right_n good_a and_o natural_a content_a and_o therefore_o need_v they_o long_a time_n to_o return_v thereunto_o and_o contrary_a way_n the_o worse_a that_o they_o be_v in_o colour_n and_o substance_n the_o less_o they_o be_v to_o be_v blame_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o place_n which_o be_v so_o much_o distant_a from_o the_o natural_a place_n of_o content_n for_o this_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n the_o low_a that_o good_a content_n fleet_n in_o the_o urine_n except_v always_o such_o as_o cleave_v to_o the_o have_v bottom_n the_o better_a they_o be_v and_o contrary_a way_n of_o evil_a content_n and_o such_o like_a the_o high_a they_o fleet_v the_o less_o evil_a they_o betoken_v man_n the_o proportion_n of_o the_o region_n to_o the_o part_n of_o man_n now_o to_o make_v a_o end_n of_o this_o you_o shall_v observe_v a_o certain_a proportion_n that_o be_v between_o the_o part_n of_o the_o urine_n and_o the_o part_n of_o man_n body_n the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o urine_n do_v betoken_v the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o body_n namely_o the_o head_n and_o such_o other_o near_o unto_o it_o the_o middle_a region_n 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declare_v that_o place_n in_o certain_a height_n so_o do_v it_o in_o breadth_n also_o by_o like_a proportion_n if_o you_o do_v due_o mark_v the_o side_n unto_o which_o the_o content_n do_v decline_v and_o if_o you_o mark_v well_o what_o i_o have_v say_v you_o may_v perceive_v the_o only_a cause_n of_o most_o such_o grief_n when_o the_o content_n be_v only_o disorder_v in_o place_n come_v of_o a_o unnatural_a windine_n but_o yet_o common_o annex_v with_o phlegmatic_a and_o unconcocted_a matter_n and_o as_o the_o windiness_n do_v cause_n disorder_n in_o the_o content_n so_o it_o cause_v also_o another_o kind_n of_o thing_n not_o to_o be_v neglect_v in_o urine_n and_o that_o be_v bubble_n bubble_n bubble_n which_o sometime_o float_n in_o the_o ring_n or_o garland_n only_o and_o sometime_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o urine_n only_o and_o other_o time_n do_v cover_v the_o whole_a face_n of_o the_o urine_n the_o bubble_n which_o stand_v round_o about_o over_o the_o garland_n only_o and_o 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know_v of_o all_o folk_n of_o the_o disease_n touch_v urine_v and_o the_o remedy_n for_o the_o same_o now_o to_o come_v to_o that_o i_o promise_v as_o touch_v the_o griess_n which_o hinder_v urine_n or_o expel_v it_o disorderly_o either_o in_o time_n often_o than_o be_v meet_v or_o in_o quality_n with_o other_o fashion_n than_o be_v agreeable_a to_o it_o or_o like_o other_o sort_n i_o will_v brief_o write_v not_o intend_v to_o reach_v the_o art_n of_o cure_v they_o which_o will_v require_v a_o long_a treatise_n and_o a_o meet_a place_n but_o only_a to_o name_v certain_a of_o the_o most_o common_a disease_n and_o to_o set_v after_o they_o such_o simple_a and_o uncompound_a medicine_n only_o which_o cure_n those_o grief_n stone_n stop_v of_o urine_n the_o stone_n first_o therefore_o touch_v the_o hindrance_n or_o stop_v of_o urine_n it_o be_v not_o unknown_a that_o one_o common_a cause_n be_v the_o stone_n which_o sometime_o be_v in_o the_o reins_o and_o sometime_o in_o the_o bladder_n i_o show_v you_o before_o that_o common_o you_o may_v discern_v those_o two_o asunder_o by_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o gravel_n but_o the_o more_o sure_a token_n be_v the_o grief_n in_o the_o sick_a part_n now_o for_o the_o cure_n of_o the_o same_o do_v these_o medicine_n serve_v which_o follow_v but_o as_o i_o have_v always_o say_v you_o shall_v use_v they_o with_o the_o counsel_n of_o some_o learned_a physician_n for_o there_o be_v great_a difference_n both_o of_o the_o grief_n and_o of_o the_o medicine_n medicine_n for_o the_o stone_n both_o in_o the_o reins_o and_o bladder_n astra_fw-la bacca_n ameos_fw-la angle_n toch_v sod_a betony_n bryony_a root_n bylgrum_n chamamel_n caper_n bark_n namely_o of_o the_o root_n claret_n seed_n clotpoll_n seed_n dock_n root_n fenel_n seed_n and_o root_n goat_n blood_n gladian_n gromell_n gum_n of_o plumtree_n and_o cherry_n tree_n a_o hedge_n sparrow_n harebell_n kneholm_n root_n and_o berry_n mad_a root_n high_a mallow_n seed_n and_o root_n mogwort_n parseley_n pelliter_fw-la of_o spain_n pyony_a berry_n which_o be_v black_a radish_n sampere_n s._n john_n wort._n sperage_n seholm_n swine_n fenell_n sothern_n wood-seed_n sour_a almond_n tent-wort_n tutsan_n berry_n water_n plantine_n winter_n gillyflower_n and_o beside_o these_o there_o be_v divers_z other_o also_o the_o stone_n itself_o that_o come_v from_o a_o man_n be_v braid_v and_o drunken_a will_v break_v and_o expel_v that_o other_o within_o he_o beside_o the_o stone_n also_o it_o cause_v the_o urine_n to_o be_v clean_o stop_v by_o reason_n of_o weakness_n of_o the_o expulsive_a virtue_n and_o some_o time_n through_o clod_n of_o blood_n which_o rest_n in_o the_o shaft_n sometime_o also_o through_o tough_a and_o clammy_a humour_n and_o sometime_o through_o some_o swell_n within_o the_o yard_n and_o divers_a other_o way_n also_o of_o which_o the_o declaration_n be_v too_o long_o for_o this_o place_n and_o time_n but_o another_o time_n i_o intend_v to_o write_v of_o they_o at_o large_a and_o of_o all_o other_o grief_n of_o man_n body_n but_o to_o return_v to_o this_o matter_n that_o be_v in_o hand_n one_o other_z stop_v of_o urine_n there_o be_v which_o do_v not_o clean_o let_v it_o but_o cause_v it_o to_o avoid_v lesser_a than_o it_o shall_v and_o this_o come_v of_o like_a cause_n as_o that_o other_o last_o do_v save_o that_o the_o cause_n be_v less_o according_a as_o the_o stay_n of_o urine_n be_v and_o therefore_o the_o cure_n in_o both_o be_v much_o like_a for_o if_o it_o come_v of_o weakness_n of_o the_o expulsive_a virtue_n then_o with_o the_o use_n of_o other_o hot_a meat_n and_o drink_n those_o medicine_n be_v good_a which_o do_v provoke_v urine_n as_o these_o be_v that_o follow_v medicine_n which_o do_v provoke_v urine_n aniseed_n ally-saunder_n alkakengi_n basyle_n bylgrum_n cammock_n charlock_n chervell_n caraway_n calamus_fw-la aromaticus_fw-la cubebes_n dictany_n of_o candie_n dragance_n fumitorie_a fatchys_n flower_n delyce_n garlic_n ground_n pine_n ginger_n helecompane_v honey_n juniper_n and_o the_o berry_n alas_o saverie_n leek_n mint_n margerom_n maiden_n hair_n navew_n nepte_n negella_n romana_fw-la nettle_n pepper_n pie_n ryall_n quince_n rue_n rosemary_n rocquet_n savine_n sage_n saverie_n time_n valerion_n wild_a marjoram_n wild_a parseley_n wild_a time_n water_n cress_n woodbinde_v with_o many_o other_o and_o namely_o those_o for_o the_o most_o part_n which_o i_o name_v besore_n to_o be_v good_a for_o the_o stone_n but_o there_o must_v be_v discretion_n in_o the_o use_n of_o they_o beside_o those_o be_v there_o a_o disease_n name_v the_o strangury_n which_o some_o corrupt_o call_v the_o strangurion_n in_o which_o disease_n the_o urine_n do_v continual_o drop_v forth_o urine_n excess_n of_o urine_n as_o fast_o as_o it_o come_v into_o the_o bladder_n and_o therefore_o may_v it_o well_o be_v note_v the_o first_o kind_n of_o such_o grief_n as_o provoke_v forth_o and_o further_a urine_n excessive_o for_o that_o strangury_n these_o medicine_n follow_v be_v note_v good_a medicine_n for_o the_o strangury_n alexander_n astra_fw-la bacca_n brokelime_n cedar_n berry_n ceterake_n calamus_fw-la aromaticus_fw-la gladiane_a knot_n grass_n kneholm_n sperage_n seholm_n spatula_fw-la fetida_fw-la turpentine_n wash_v wild_a fennell_n water_n mint_n but_o you_o must_v consider_v as_o i_o have_v often_o say_v that_o as_o the_o disease_n may_v come_v of_o sundry_a cause_n so_o it_o must_v have_v sundry_a cure_n for_o most_o common_o these_o be_v good_a that_o i_o have_v write_v yet_o such_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o sickness_n that_o they_o may_v do_v harm_n therefore_o take_v always_o counsel_n of_o some_o learned_a physician_n another_o kind_n of_o excessive_a make_n of_o urine_n come_v of_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o retentive_a virtue_n in_o the_o reins_o whereby_o the_o patient_n piss_v as_o fast_o as_o he_o drink_v gout_n flux_n of_o urine_n piss_a evil_n the_o piss_n gout_n and_o that_o in_o like_a quantity_n this_o i_o may_v call_v the_o flux_n of_o urine_n or_o pissing_a evil_n or_o aster_v the_o imitation_n of_o the_o greek_n the_o piss_n gout_n for_o which_o disease_n it_o be_v not_o great_o commendable_a to_o set_v forth_o medicine_n with_o the_o only_a bare_a name_n howbeit_o if_o i_o do_v it_o i_o trust_v no_o man_n will_v the_o rather_o misuse_v they_o namely_o be_v warn_v so_o often_o to_o take_v no_o medicine_n without_o counsel_n and_o special_o in_o this_o thing_n for_o some_o of_o the_o medicine_n must_v be_v receive_v inward_o and_o some_o of_o they_o emplaster_v outward_o medicine_n for_o the_o pissing_a evil_n apple_n date_n elecompane_v pery_n myrtle_n berry_n night_n shade_n cycory_n comferie_n endive_n paritarie_n penny_n wort_fw-mi lettuce_n lintel_o pomegranate_n purslane_n vine_n leave_v other_o default_n there_o be_v of_o excess_n of_o urine_n as_o of_o they_o which_o can_v keep_v their_o urine_n and_o namely_o of_o child_n which_o piss_n their_o bed_n this_o disease_n come_v oftentimes_o of_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o muscle_n which_o shall_v keep_v the_o urine_n and_o therefore_o require_v cure_n meet_v for_o it_o and_o unmeet_a for_o this_o place_n and_o such_o shortness_n wherefore_o for_o this_o time_n here_o i_o will_v make_v a_o end_n trust_v that_o all_o man_n will_v with_o as_o gentle_a heart_n receive_v this_o my_o writing_n as_o i_o of_o gentleness_n have_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o set_v it_o forth_o addition_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o colour_n and_o of_o the_o make_n of_o they_o because_o that_o it_o be_v not_o very_o easy_a for_o every_o man_n to_o distinguish_v colour_n due_o asunder_o i_o think_v it_o good_a at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n a_o little_a to_o touch_v the_o distinction_n and_o make_n of_o they_o namely_o of_o such_o as_o be_v mention_v before_o in_o this_o book_n white_a milk_n white_a milk_n white_a by_o the_o name_n of_o itself_o do_v sufficient_o declare_v what_o it_o be_v for_o it_o be_v the_o very_a colour_n of_o milk_n though_o the_o substance_n need_v not_o to_o be_v so_o thick_a in_o the_o urine_n as_o in_o the_o milk_n for_o the_o colour_n must_v be_v understand_v several_a from_o the_o substance_n both_o in_o this_o and_o all_o other_o colour_n which_o thing_n will_v be_v remember_v for_o it_o may_v else_o as_o it_o have_v often_o do_v deceive_v the_o simple_a folk_n white_a horn_n white_a horn_n white_a in_o like_a manner_n have_v his_o name_n of_o the_o thing_n that_o it_o assimule_v most_o for_o it_o be_v like_o the_o white_a and_o clear_a part_n of_o a_o horn_n of_o a_o lantern_n or_o such_o like_a grey_n be_v like_o the_o white_a part_n of_o a_o man_n nail_n next_o unto_o the_o joint_n grey_n grey_n or_o like_o hoar_a hair_n that_o be_v not_o very_o white_a for_o gray_a be_v so_o much_o dark_a than_o horn_n white_a as_o horn_z white_z be_v dark_a than_o milk_n white_a pale_a
they_o do_v think_v you_o to_o the_o master_n and_o doctor_n of_o physic_n what_o make_v many_o apothecary_n now_o a_o day_n to_o set_v so_o little_a by_o the_o physician_n this_o be_v one_o chief_a cause_n they_o play_v the_o physician_n themselves_o they_o give_v and_o minister_v medicine_n of_o their_o own_o devise_n god_n wot_v a_o mad_a device_n indifferent_o unto_o all_o man_n yea_o and_o the_o more_o ignorant_a they_o be_v the_o more_o bold_a they_o be_v for_o who_o be_v so_o bold_a as_o blind_a bayard_n many_o of_o they_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o look_v in_o water_n and_o not_o be_v ashamed_a even_o in_o the_o physician_n presence_n to_o ordain_v this_o or_o that_o medicine_n for_o any_o kind_n of_o disease_n if_o any_o physician_n do_v gentle_o admonish_v they_o of_o their_o fault_n and_o special_o of_o give_v of_o medicine_n after_o their_o own_o brain_n they_o will_v say_v that_o they_o may_v as_o well_o prescribe_v medicine_n as_o physician_n sometime_o do_v use_v to_o make_v they_o they_o may_v play_v say_v they_o as_o well_o the_o physician_n as_o the_o physician_n play_v the_o apothecary_n as_o though_o a_o physician_n and_o a_o apothecary_n be_v all_o one_o indeed_o a_o physician_n maybe_o a_o apothecary_n and_o have_v a_o apothecary_n shop_n within_o himself_o in_o his_o own_o house_n or_o may_v be_v a_o chirurgeon_n and_o heal_v wound_n or_o sore_n or_o let_v blond_n himself_o sed_fw-la non_fw-la è_fw-la diverso_fw-la a_o apothecary_n or_o chirurgeon_n be_v only_o of_o that_o art_n may_v not_o be_v a_o physician_n unless_o he_o abuse_v and_o false_o exercise_v against_o all_o reason_n and_o conscience_n as_o many_o do_v now_o a_o day_n the_o science_n of_o physic_n to_o prove_v that_o a_o physician_n may_v make_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v make_v in_o his_o own_o house_n any_o kind_n of_o medicine_n it_o may_v partly_o appear_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o galen_n before_o allege_v and_o also_o by_o divers_a other_o famous_a author_n of_o our_o time_n and_o special_o by_o manardus_fw-la and_o silvius_n manardus_fw-la in_o the_o prologue_n prefix_v to_o the_o annotation_n upon_o mesue_n have_v these_o word_n in_o time_n past_a say_v he_o the_o physician_n themselves_o prepare_v the_o medicine_n at_o their_o own_o house_n and_o so_o keep_v they_o ready_o make_v the_o which_o as_o often_o as_o need_v require_v according_a to_o their_o discretion_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o sick_a they_o use_v but_o since_o these_o five_o hundred_o year_n or_o thereabouts_o this_o kind_n of_o business_n have_v be_v commit_v or_o rather_o derive_v from_o the_o physician_n not_o without_o as_o i_o believe_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o patient_n unto_o certain_a which_o be_v call_v spicer_n or_o apothecary_n etc._n etc._n jacobus_n silvius_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr medicamentorum_fw-la simplicium_fw-la delectu_fw-la in_o the_o beginning_n whereas_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o apothecary_n declare_v that_o as_o well_o galen_n as_o other_o physician_n do_v oftentimes_o prepare_v the_o medicine_n themselves_o it_o be_v lawful_a then_o for_o the_o physician_n if_o he_o listen_v to_o prepare_v the_o medicine_n for_o his_o patient_a himself_n but_o not_o lawful_a for_o the_o apothecary_n to_o use_v or_o practice_v physic_n for_o any_o man_n of_o his_o own_o head_n i_o will_v wish_v that_o the_o apothecary_n as_o he_o be_v desirous_a of_o gain_n so_o he_o will_v provide_v all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o his_o shop_n and_o chief_o and_o first_o of_o all_o for_o the_o chief_a guide_n and_o instrument_n that_o shall_v rule_v all_o the_o roast_n i_o mean_v the_o book_n of_o bernardus_n dessennius_n cronemburgius_n de_fw-fr compositione_n medicamentorum_fw-la the_o perfect_a in_o my_o opinion_n and_o most_o excellent_a book_n i_o believe_v that_o ever_o be_v make_v for_o apothecary_n howbeit_o because_o that_o some_o physician_n use_v the_o composition_n of_o other_o author_n i_o will_v wish_v also_o that_o the_o apothecatie_n may_v not_o be_v without_o the_o dispensatories_n of_o valerius_n cordus_n of_o fuchsius_n or_o nicolaus_n mirepsus_n or_o the_o two_o book_n of_o silvius_n contain_v the_o choose_n keep_v and_o make_v of_o medicine_n common_o use_v or_o examen_fw-la tam_fw-la simplicium_fw-la quae_fw-la compositorum_fw-la antonius_fw-la musae_fw-la and_o not_o to_o follow_v still_o their_o blind_a nicolaus_n praepositus_fw-la which_o be_v full_a of_o error_n it_o be_v meet_v and_o convenient_a also_o that_o the_o apothecary_n have_v divers_a searce_n to_o searce_v their_o powder_n in_o for_o some_o powder_n will_v be_v sear_v very_o fine_o as_o they_o that_o be_v dieuretick_n powder_n and_o most_o part_n of_o electuary_n some_o more_o grossie_a as_o the_o most_o part_n of_o laxative_n except_o agarick_n and_o colocinthis_n the_o apothecary_n have_v many_o excellent_a dispensatories_n to_o direct_v they_o in_o make_v up_o their_o composition_n as_o the_o new_a phamacopaea_n londinensis_fw-la that_o of_o renodeus_n of_o bauderon_n bertaldus_n the_o pharmacopaea_n augustava_n and_o other_o as_o also_o in_o chemic_a preparation_n grulingius_fw-la and_o those_o two_o excellent_a piece_n set_v forth_o by_o schraderus_n his_o pharmacopaea_n and_o quercitanus_n rodivivus_fw-la and_o i_o presume_v there_o may_v be_v something_o of_o worth_n in_o the_o manuscript_n i_o have_v add_v at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o work_n though_o he_o have_v fail_v in_o his_o judgement_n in_o hold_v that_o there_o be_v ho_o salt_n in_o vegetable_n etc._n etc._n but_o guinther_n bilich_n have_v give_v a_o sufficient_a refutation_n to_o that_o folly_n nor_o can_v he_o blemish_v well_o deserve_v quercetan_n with_o the_o title_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o mortar_n likewise_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v divers_a sort_n for_o all_o precious_a stone_n that_o enter_v into_o electuary_n and_o coral_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v beat_v in_o a_o brazen_a mortar_n but_o pearl_n and_o coral_n ought_v to_o be_v beat_v in_o a_o mortar_n of_o white_a marble_n precious_a stone_n must_v be_v make_v or_o grind_v into_o powder_n upon_o a_o stone_n call_v in_o latin_a lapis_fw-la porphirius_fw-la which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o red_a marble_n also_o purgation_n or_o electuary_n pill_n or_o powder_n mingle_v with_o any_o syrrup_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v dissolve_v in_o brazen_a mortar_n but_o in_o mortar_n of_o glass_n of_o stone_n or_o of_o some_o fine_a wood_n yea_o and_o if_o they_o be_v of_o silver_n for_o great_a man_n of_o high_a degree_n it_o be_v best_o also_o some_o ointment_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v in_o mortar_n of_o lead_n it_o be_v good_a also_o that_o no_o kind_n of_o poison_n shall_v be_v pound_v or_o dissolve_v in_o any_o mortar_n occupy_v daily_o for_o the_o shop_n for_o thereof_o have_v chance_v much_o evil_n i_o have_v almost_o forget_v one_o great_a abuse_n that_o a_o great_a many_o apothecary_n common_o do_v use_v that_o be_v when_o the_o physician_n prescribe_v any_o losengis_n to_o be_v make_v the_o apothecary_n will_v put_v to_o the_o powder_n as_o much_o sugar_n as_o please_v he_o insomuch_o that_o many_o time_n the_o losengis_n shall_v have_v little_a other_o taste_n then_o of_o the_o sugar_n only_o fuchsius_n will_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v but_o thrice_o as_o much_o sugar_n as_o be_v of_o the_o powder_n so_o that_o to_o three_o dram_n or_o powder_n there_o shall_v be_v put_v but_o a_o ounce_n und_fw-ge a_o little_a more_o of_o sugar_n howbeit_o that_o some_o other_o as_o he_o say_v do_v use_v to_o put_v four_o time_n as_o much_o sugar_n as_o of_o the_o powder_n but_o dessennius_n cronemburgius_n say_v that_o the_o physician_n put_v common_o a_o pound_n of_o sugar_n to_o a_o ounce_n of_o powder_n and_o to_o say_v my_o fancy_n and_o opinion_n it_o be_v good_a that_o the_o physician_n shall_v determine_v and_o appoint_v in_o his_o bill_n how_o much_o sugar_n he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v put_v with_o the_o powder_n for_o sometime_o it_o happen_v that_o he_o ordain_v a_o purgation_n in_o losengis_n sometime_o he_o use_v some_o bitter_a powder_n or_o very_o hot_a powder_n that_o require_v of_o sugar_n more_o or_o less_o but_o common_o bitter_a or_o very_a hot_a powder_n require_v more_o sugar_n and_o pleasant_a and_o temperate_a ponder_v require_v less_o but_o many_o apothecary_n be_v very_o liberal_a which_o spare_v for_o no_o sugar_n when_o they_o make_v losengis_n because_o they_o have_v more_o respect_n to_o their_o profit_n then_o to_o the_o patient_n health_n again_o they_o love_v to_o make_v all_o thing_n pleasant_a and_o sweet_a so_o that_o sweet_a money_n may_v come_v in_o and_o it_o be_v most_o common_o see_v that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o sick_a folk_n abhor_v sweet_a thing_n wherefore_o they_o shall_v know_v of_o the_o physician_n unless_o he_o determine_v it_o himself_o in_o his_o bill_n how_o much_o sugar_n he_o will_v have_v to_o the_o make_n of_o the_o medicine_n now_o at_o the_o last_o to_o
smell_n of_o turpentine_n be_v wash_v away_o with_o water_n as_o also_o when_o the_o cyancan_n and_o armenian_a stone_n be_v wash_v oil_n and_o fat_a that_o the_o vicious_a malignant_a quality_n and_o foul_a smell_n may_v be_v take_v away_o lie_v be_v a_o watery_a or_o spiritous_a humour_n sift_v through_o ash_n therefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v value_v as_o well_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ash_n as_o the_o moisture_n pour_v out_o on_o it_o for_o from_o the_o ash_n it_o have_v his_o strength_n of_o dry_v cleanse_a and_o cut_v by_o his_o sharpness_n which_o the_o actual_a and_o potential_a hear_v of_o the_o liquor_n pour_v forth_o increase_v and_o by_o consequent_a it_o have_v no_o strength_n of_o soften_a or_o conglutinate_v together_o if_o the_o moisture_n pour_v on_o be_v potential_o hot_a or_o cold_a of_o the_o same_o nature_n will_v the_o lie_v be_v also_o but_o see_v the_o ash_n do_v retain_v nothing_o of_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o medicine_n neither_o from_o the_o lie_n will_v any_o virtue_n be_v in_o it_o at_o all_o the_o lightness_n of_o the_o lie_n arise_v from_o that_o moisture_n of_o the_o ash_n which_o we_o have_v say_v be_v melt_v with_o a_o vehement_a fire_n and_o advance_v the_o passage_n through_o the_o vessel_n take_v by_o the_o mouth_n and_o after_o the_o cleanse_n of_o the_o foulness_n away_o induce_v especial_o a_o smoothness_n to_o the_o skin_n of_o man_n in_o the_o say_a faculty_n and_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o generation_n it_o be_v like_a to_o the_o wheyie_a part_n of_o blood_n by_o which_o name_n it_o have_v a_o sympathy_n with_o the_o reins_o and_o bladder_n and_o from_o thence_o a_o dieuretick_n power_n of_o cut_v the_o phlegm_n and_o deobstructing_a the_o vein_n but_o it_o have_v no_o sweat_a power_n unless_o it_o be_v get_v from_o good_a wine_n or_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n nor_o of_o a_o counterpoison_v by_o itself_o unless_o it_o be_v get_v from_o distil_a water_n decoction_n and_o infusion_n of_o this_o kind_n or_o that_o plant_n resist_v poison_n be_v put_v in_o place_n of_o strata_fw-la in_o the_o strain_n through_o but_o by_o accident_n while_o it_o resist_v putrefaction_n and_o tough_a clammy_a poison_n by_o dry_v and_o cut_v by_o urine_n and_o sweating_n it_o carry_v along_o with_o it_o the_o poison_n nature_n together_o thrust_v forth_o the_o poison_n by_o which_o advice_n many_o drink_n their_o own_o urine_n in_o time_n when_o the_o air_n be_v infect_v that_o mixture_n also_o be_v like_a to_o infusion_n when_o the_o oil_n and_o watery_a humour_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o earthy_a matter_n for_o when_o the_o oily_a humour_n repell_v from_o it_o the_o water_n contrary_o the_o watery_a may_v be_v easy_o dry_v up_o with_o the_o earthy_a so_o that_o thence_o it_o may_v easy_o admit_v the_o oil_n it_o accord_v rather_o that_o the_o earthy_a matter_n be_v mingle_v before_o with_o the_o watery_a moist_a then_o with_o the_o oylic_a so_o in_o the_o threefold_a medicine_n lythargie_n or_o white-lead_a be_v first_o mingle_v with_o vinegar_n and_o after_o with_o oil_n 5._o decoction_n the_o humour_n be_v either_o digest_v by_o the_o fire_n alone_o or_o with_o the_o humour_n and_o earthy_a matter_n until_o that_o either_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o watery_a part_n exhale_v away_o as_o it_o be_v in_o boil_a of_o salt_n water_n 1._o of_o a_o nitrous_a humour_n of_o juice_n express_v etc._n etc._n that_o no_o occasion_n of_o putrefaction_n on_o may_v be_v give_v 2._o the_o vicious_a or_o evil_a quality_n exhale_v away_o 3._o hard_a thing_n may_v be_v soften_v 4._o the_o medicinable_a quality_n of_o the_o thing_n infuse_v may_v be_v communicate_v to_o the_o humour_n 5._o and_o that_o the_o moist_a pant_n may_v be_v exact_o mix_v and_o unite_v with_o the_o earthy_a and_o these_o also_o be_v two_o end_n of_o insolation_n when_o we_o expose_v into_o the_o sun_n oil_n spirit_n or_o vinegar_n with_o thing_n infuse_v for_o this_o also_o be_v a_o certain_a decoction_n or_o digestion_n that_o the_o earthy_a matter_n may_v be_v gather_v together_o and_o settle_v so_o that_o afterward_o it_o may_v be_v separate_v that_o humour_n be_v either_o a_o oily_a or_o a_o watery_a juice_n draw_v forth_o water_n wine_n beer_n sweet_a wine_n honeyed_a wine_n and_o vinegar_n foolish_o call_v by_o some_o a_o menstruum_fw-la since_o no_o physical_a infusion_n or_o decoction_n require_v the_o space_n of_o a_o month_n but_o may_v at_o the_o utmost_a be_v finish_v in_o three_o day_n space_n 1._o decoction_n be_v make_v in_o a_o vessel_n shut_v or_o close_v when_o we_o fear_v the_o loss_n or_o fly_v away_o of_o the_o subtle_a and_o thin_a vapour_n 2._o or_o in_o a_o open_a vessel_n when_o we_o will_v exhale_v offensive_a quality_n there_o be_v need_n of_o be_v careful_a about_o it_o and_o look_v often_o to_o the_o matter_n that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v burn_v and_o of_o double_a clarify_n it_o either_o in_o the_o bath_n to_o keep_v in_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o thing_n infuse_v and_o to_o prevent_v empyreuma_n 1._o by_o reason_n of_o the_o delay_n hard_a thing_n require_v a_o long_a time_n which_o for_o this_o cause_n ought_v first_o to_o be_v put_v in_o and_o require_v more_o moistness_n in_o which_o their_o great_a abundance_n of_o moisture_n be_v to_o be_v resolve_v for_o avoid_v putrefaction_n 2._o less_o hard_o require_v a_o l_a time_n when_o there_o be_v not_o such_o great_a abundance_n of_o water_n to_o be_v resolve_v so_o we_o boil_v leaf_n to_o the_o consumption_n only_o of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o water_n 3._o flower_n and_o spice_n require_v a_o short_a time_n to_o the_o boil_a of_o which_o two_o or_o there_o walme_n will_v suffice_v sometime_o the_o decoction_n be_v reiterated_a or_o the_o infusion_n by_o a_o strain_n or_o expression_n renew_v that_o the_o thick_a part_n be_v separate_v those_o which_o be_v thin_a may_v in_o the_o other_o decoction_n be_v mote_n exact_o unite_v together_o there_o be_v also_o a_o certain_a natural_a coction_n as_o when_o new_a wine_n boil_v up_o or_o as_o new_a beer_n brew_v honey_n and_o water_n mix_v new_a wine_n etc._n etc._n and_o some_o infusion_n when_o as_o the_o potential_a heat_n actuate_v or_o put_v a_o work_n separate_v the_o grosser_n part_n from_o the_o thin_a some_o advance_v upward_o and_o some_o settle_v downward_o and_o resolve_v the_o thin_a part_n into_o vapour_n or_o spirit_n which_o be_v scatter_v if_o there_o be_v not_o space_n or_o issue_n enough_o to_o go_v forth_o the_o same_o break_v the_o vessel_n a_o piece_n though_o very_o strong_a though_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o actaurius_n syrup_n or_o a_o julep_n be_v water_n boil_a with_o hony_n or_o sugar_n or_o wine_n boil_a to_o the_o three_o part_n yet_o at_o this_o day_n all_o decoction_n be_v call_v syrup_n in_o which_o water_n with_o plant_n be_v boil_a either_o with_o or_o without_o sugar_n or_o hony_n and_o julep_n when_o still_v water_n rob_n when_o the_o juice_n be_v press_v forth_o in_o a_o equal_a weight_n with_o sugar_n or_o boil_a with_o a_o half_a part_n of_o sugar_n sugar_n and_o hony_n be_v add_v for_o cleanse_v taste_n or_o lust_a sake_n for_o by_o their_o clamminess_n as_o by_o a_o coagulation_n it_o conserve_v the_o part_n unite_v in_o preparation_n of_o simple_a syrup_n for_o continuance_n as_o for_o example_n sake_n of_o flower_n of_o violet_n or_o rose_n it_o be_v best_o to_o have_v the_o juice_n of_o violet_n press_v out_o to_o be_v infuse_v raw_a in_o sugar_n clarify_v warm_a not_o boil_v lest_o it_o exhale_v away_o some_o of_o the_o smell_n and_o to_o set_v it_o into_o the_o sun_n to_o resolve_v away_o the_o superfluous_a watery_a moistness_n and_o if_o insolation_n suffice_v not_o by_o incline_v the_o vessel_n to_o separate_v that_o which_o be_v watery_a and_o then_o be_v boil_a again_o to_o pour_v it_o on_o for_o so_o the_o smell_v and_o strength_n of_o the_o medicine_n will_v be_v preserve_v and_o keep_v more_o powerful_o concern_v which_o our_o reformer_n quercetan_n have_v nothing_o he_o can_v more_o boast_v of_o but_o see_v in_o rose_n there_o be_v a_o aicry_n spirituous_a and_o oily_a matter_n which_o either_o do_v not_o enter_v the_o juice_n or_o be_v more_o draw_v out_o by_o a_o fervent_a decoction_n it_o be_v best_o that_o rose_n be_v first_o infuse_v in_o a_o boil_a or_o fervent_a decoction_n and_o some_o hour_n after_o press_v forth_o and_o to_o this_o juice_n other_o rose_n be_v put_v and_o be_v about_o nine_o time_n iterate_v by_o infusion_n in_o balneo_fw-la to_o prevent_v empyreuma_n and_o evaporation_n than_o that_o juice_n at_o length_n press_v or_o strain_v out_o shall_v be_v boil_a with_o about_o a_o three_o part_n of_o sugar_n to_o a_o fit_a consistence_n in_o balneo_fw-la mariae_fw-la for_o since_o the_o purgative_a