and_o dignity_n of_o each_o person_n so_o name_v so_o that_o they_o be_v three_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o subsistence_n but_o one_o in_o the_o consent_n socr._n hist_o lib._n 2._o cap._n 7._o the_o four_o be_v frame_v on_o this_o occasion_n certain_a bishop_n be_v send_v by_o constantius_n to_o his_o brother_n emperor_n of_o the_o west_n for_o to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o cast_v out_o of_o paulus_n &_o athanasius_n conceal_v the_o precedent_n formula_fw-la of_o belief_n make_v at_o antioch_n and_o exhibit_v this_o other_o of_o their_o own_o composure_n viz._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n we_o believe_v in_o one_o god_n the_o father_n almighty_n creator_n and_o maker_n of_o all_o thing_n of_o who_o the_o whole_a family_n in_o heaven_n and_o earth_n be_v name_v and_o in_o his_o only-begotten_a son_n our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n beget_v of_o the_o father_n before_o all_o world_n god_n of_o god_n light_a of_o light_n by_o who_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v both_o in_o 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tenet_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la nec_fw-la conciliis_fw-la institutum_fw-la sed_fw-la semper_fw-la retentum_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la nisi_fw-la authoritate_fw-la apostolicâ_fw-la traditum_fw-la rectissimè_fw-la creditur_fw-la that_o be_v that_o which_o the_o universal_a church_n hold_v and_o have_v always_o retain_v not_o be_v ordain_v by_o a_o council_n be_v most_o just_o believe_v to_o have_v be_v derive_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o this_o rule_n be_v ground_v upon_o good_a reason_n beside_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o deliverer_n for_o a_o general_a effect_n must_v have_v as_o general_a a_o cause_n they_o must_v be_v both_o of_o the_o same_o latitude_n and_o extent_n now_o there_o be_v no_o general_n cause_v imagineable_a of_o a_o public_o receive_v doctrine_n government_n ceremony_n or_o discipline_n in_o the_o catholic_a church_n such_o especial_o as_o be_v derive_v to_o it_o from_o hand_n to_o hand_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n but_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o general_n council_n which_o be_v the_o church_n representative_a or_o the_o concordant_a preach_n of_o the_o apostle_n who_o first_o plant_v christianity_n in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n so_o then_o to_o apply_v this_o rule_n unto_o our_o present_a purpose_n that_o the_o whole_a church_n hold_v the_o apostle_n creed_n experience_n demonstrate_v that_o it_o have_v be_v always_o retain_v in_o the_o church_n the_o testimony_n of_o the_o fore-aleadged_n father_n show_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o frame_v in_o any_o genenerall_a council_n sufficienty_n appear_v both_o by_o the_o copy_n of_o those_o creed_n which_o be_v frame_v in_o they_o find_v vary_v from_o that_o of_o the_o apostle_n as_o also_o by_o the_o write_n of_o those_o father_n who_o live_v before_o the_o first_o general_n council_n hold_v at_o nice_a wherein_o they_o make_v mention_n of_o a_o rule_n of_o faith_n derive_v down_o to_o they_o from_o the_o apostle_n which_o some_o of_o they_o also_o set_v 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time_n till_o this_o present_a in_o these_o term_n deliver_v the_o creed_n unto_o believer_n and_o in_o jesus_n christ_n his_o son_n our_o lord_n leave_v out_o the_o particle_n only_a 2._o by_o ruffinus_n in_o his_o tract_n on_o the_o creed_n who_o compare_v the_o aquilean_a creed_n with_o the_o roman_a and_o withal_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o creed_n be_v believe_v so_o ancient_a in_o his_o time_n that_o it_o be_v then_o hold_v for_o a_o apostolical_a tradition_n now_o this_o ruffinus_n be_v a_o man_n of_o note_n in_o the_o church_n nine_o year_n before_o the_o first_o council_n of_o constantinople_n viz._n in_o the_o year_n 372._o when_o he_o go_v with_o melama_n from_o rome_n to_o alexandria_n about_o which_o time_n also_o s._n jerome_n write_v letter_n to_o he_o namely_o his_o epist_n 5._o &_o 41._o second_o that_o the_o eastern_a church_n have_v a_o ancient_a creed_n too_o before_o the_o nicene_n council_n appear_v by_o the_o same_o ruffinus_n who_o compare_v the_o aquilean_a 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appear_v to_o the_o world_n quaedam_fw-la tantummodo_fw-la explicatius_fw-la dici_fw-la as_o the_o same_o vossius_fw-la right_o conceive_v cut_a off_o therefore_o from_o the_o nicene_n or_o constantinopolitan_a creed_n or_o from_o that_o of_o cyril_n which_o much_o symbolize_v with_o it_o the_o additional_n unto_o those_o two_o article_n and_o you_o have_v the_o whole_a creed_n of_o the_o apostle_n for_o the_o communion_n of_o saint_n be_v not_o a_o distinct_a article_n but_o a_o part_n or_o paraphrase_n of_o what_o go_v before_o saint_n be_v employ_v in_o in_o holy_a and_o communion_n in_o church_n or_o congregation_n ecclesia_fw-la which_o be_v a_o assembly_n of_o select_a people_n and_o christ_n descent_n into_o hell_n be_v presuppose_v to_o the_o article_n of_o his_o resurrection_n therefore_o to_o think_v that_o cyril_n in_o his_o old_a age_n or_o john_n the_o patriarch_n his_o successor_n add_v all_o that_o to_o the_o jerosolymitan_a creed_n which_o follow_v the_o article_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n be_v nothing_o probable_a because_o cyril_n do_v not_o bare_o
command_n for_o the_o observation_n of_o these_o in_o holy_a writ_n nor_o for_o many_o other_o church_n ordinance_n that_o may_v be_v name_v our_o church_n indeed_o just_o blame_v the_o romish_a for_o obtrude_a upon_o we_o and_o other_o church_n she_o own_o ritual_a tradition_n as_o of_o necessity_n to_o salvation_n some_o of_o which_o be_v uncertain_a other_o frivolus_fw-la burdenous_a superstitious_a and_o even_o contrary_a to_o god_n word_n so_o do_v st_n augustin_n long_o ago_o sharp_o tax_v vrbicus_n a_o roman_a presbyter_n for_o press_v the_o weekly_a fast_a one_o saturday_n as_o necessary_a to_o be_v observe_v by_o all_o christian_a church_n whereas_o the_o usual_a fasting-day_n at_o that_o time_n in_o all_o church_n be_v wednesday_n &_o friday_n the_o saturday_n fast_o be_v a_o peculiar_a custom_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n but_o our_o church_n abolish_v not_o all_o tradition_n as_o appear_v by_o this_o of_o the_o creed_n which_o she_o with_o other_o reform_a church_n retain_v as_o also_o by_o her_o 34_o article_n which_o be_v on_o purpose_n frame_v touch_v this_o subject_n wherein_o she_o intreat_v only_o of_o ritual_a not_o doctrinal_a tradition_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o need_v not_o to_o be_v always_o and_o every_o where_o alike_o but_o may_v be_v diversify_v according_a to_o time_n country_n and_o man_n manner_n so_o that_o nothing_o be_v ordain_v against_o god_n word_n that_o what_o soever_o private_a person_n purposey_n and_o open_o break_v such_o aught_o to_o be_v open_o rebuke_v and_o that_o every_o particular_a or_o national_a church_n have_v authority_n to_o ordain_v change_n and_o abolish_v ceremony_n or_o rite_n of_o the_o church_n ordain_v only_o by_o man_n authority_n so_o that_o all_o thing_n be_v do_v to_o edify_v cap._n viii_o several_a objection_n which_o some_o have_v allege_v against_o the_o fore-assigned_n author_n of_o the_o creed_n answer_v at_o large_a certain_a creed_n compare_v together_o whereby_o their_o conformity_n 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who_o have_v take_v great_a pain_n and_o still_o delight_v themselves_o in_o overthrow_v those_o ancient_a fabric_n which_o our_o forefather_n leave_v we_o build_v in_o their_o room_n some_o slight_a paint_a toy_n without_o either_o strength_n or_o use_n to_o please_v the_o fancy_n of_o the_o contriver_n not_o satisfy_v the_o judgement_n or_o conduce_v to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o sober_a christian_a a_o course_n if_o prosecute_v which_o will_v ere_o long_o bring_v the_o doom_n of_o the_o jewish_a temple_n upon_o the_o christian_a church_n that_o she_o will_v not_o have_v one_o stone_n leave_v upon_o another_o that_o shall_v not_o be_v throw_v down_o math._n 24._o 2._o as_o for_o this_o present_a argument_n though_o the_o reason_n which_o some_o have_v bring_v against_o it_o seem_v to_o the_o objector_n more_o than_o probable_a yet_o i_o suppose_v that_o upon_o due_a trial_n they_o will_v appear_v less_o than_o necessary_a so_o that_o they_o will_v prove_v unsufficient_a to_o overthrow_v the_o constant_a tradition_n of_o so_o many_o age_n and_o to_o sway_v against_o the_o stream_n of_o so_o main_a a_o current_n the_o joint_a authority_n and_o testimony_n of_o so_o many_o doctor_n of_o the_o church_n as_o well_o modern_a as_o ancient_n i_o shall_v therefore_o set_v down_o their_o reason_n full_o and_o faithful_o yea_o somewhat_o more_o distinct_o than_o they_o have_v do_v and_o then_o subjoyne_v their_o answer_n in_o several_a object_n 1._o be_v the_o creed_n compile_v by_o the_o apostle_n it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o s._n luke_n write_v the_o history_n of_o their_o act_n will_v have_v omit_v so_o principal_a a_o matter_n sundry_a other_o thing_n of_o far_o less_o consequence_n he_o have_v careful_o record_v as_o the_o apostle_n decree_v concern_v ceremony_n and_o thing_n indifferent_a but_o of_o this_o so_o important_a and_o weighty_a a_o business_n the_o decree_n concern_v the_o rule_n of_o faith_n he_o make_v not_o so_o much_o as_o one_o word_n mention_n which_o certain_o he_o will_v never_o have_v fail_v to_o do_v have_v they_o make_v any_o such_o at_o least_o if_o s._n luke_n have_v omit_v it_o in_o the_o act_n yet_o it_o can_v be_v conceive_v how_o s._n paul_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o apostle_n shall_v not_o speak_v a_o word_n of_o it_o in_o their_o epistle_n i_o answer_v first_o that_o this_o be_v but_o a_o negative_a argument_n and_o conclude_v not_o s._n luke_n make_v no_o mention_n thereof_o in_o the_o act_n therefore_o it_o be_v never_o do_v to_o give_v a_o like_a instance_n or_o two_o s._n matthew_n undertake_v to_o write_v the_o history_n of_o our_o saviour_n life_n and_o death_n with_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o consequent_n of_o the_o other_o and_o yet_o there_o be_v many_o weighty_a passage_n omit_v by_o he_o which_o we_o find_v afterward_o relate_v by_o s._n luke_n and_o s._n john_n s._n john_n especial_o compose_v his_o gospel_n of_o those_o particular_a action_n and_o speech_n of_o our_o saviour_n which_o be_v leave_v unmentioned_a by_o the_o three_o former_a evangelist_n yet_o he_o himself_o tell_v we_o in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o his_o book_n that_o there_o be_v many_o other_o thing_n which_o jesus_n do_v the_o which_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v write_v every_o one_o he_o suppose_v that_o even_o the_o world_n itself_o can_v not_o contain_v the_o book_n that_o shall_v be_v write_v joh._n 21._o 25._o but_o to_o come_v close_o yet_o to_o the_o argument_n s._n luke_n in_o that_o book_n of_o he_o which_o be_v entitle_v the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n mention_n very_o few_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n in_o general_a yet_o have_v large_a digression_n concern_v s._n stephen_n and_o s._n philip_n who_o be_v no_o apostle_n but_o deacon_n then_o he_o prosecute_v the_o story_n of_o s._n peter_n and_o s._n barnabas_n but_o more_o at_o large_a that_o of_o s._n paul_n who_o companion_n he_o be_v in_o his_o apostolical_a peregrination_n and_o yet_o how_o many_o material_a passage_n even_o touch_v s._n paul_n do_v he_o omit_v some_o of_o which_o we_o find_v afterward_o occasional_o record_v by_o himself_o in_o his_o epistle_n especial_o in_o those_o of_o he_o to_o the_o church_n of_o galatia_n and_o corinth_n as_o for_o example_n his_o travail_n into_o arabia_n after_o his_o conversion_n his_o come_v to_o jerusalem_n three_o year_n after_o and_o communicate_v his_o gospel_n with_o peter_n james_n and_o john_n his_o withstand_v peter_n at_o antioch_n his_o rapture_n into_o paradise_n and_o unto_o the_o three_o heaven_n together_o with_o many_o other_o particular_n thing_n sure_a of_o great_a consequence_n than_o his_o make_n of_o tent_n at_o corinth_n or_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o ship_n wherein_o he_o sail_v to_o italy_n and_o yet_o these_o be_v express_v the_o other_o exclude_v if_o it_o be_v reply_v that_o this_o argument_n be_v produce_v only_o as_o probable_a and_o yet_o will_v hold_v good_a unless_o some_o probable_a cause_n of_o the_o omission_n can_v be_v assign_v why_o a_o point_n of_o so_o great_a importance_n and_o so_o necessary_a be_v not_o mention_v when_o other_o of_o less_o weight_n be_v and_o that_o the_o evangelist_n omit_v indeed_o diverse_a thing_n which_o christ_n say_v and_o do_v yet_o set_v down_o all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o salvation_n which_o be_v their_o main_a end_n i_o rejoin_v that_o whosoever_o go_v about_o to_o overthrow_v so_o old_a and_o receive_v a_o tradition_n may_v just_o be_v require_v to_o bring_v more_o than_o probability_n and_o conjecture_n if_o he_o expect_v to_o be_v believe_v that_o this_o probability_n ground_v on_o s._n luke_n omission_n be_v sufficient_o overthrow_v by_o the_o positive_a testimony_n of_o the_o ancient_n which_o i_o have_v produce_v to_o the_o contrary_a that_o the_o composure_n of_o the_o creed_n by_o the_o apostle_n be_v a_o business_n confess_o of_o great_a importance_n but_o the_o mention_v of_o it_o by_o s._n
luke_n in_o the_o act_n be_v not_o altogether_o so_o necessary_a it_o be_v enough_o that_o it_o be_v otherwise_o testify_v that_o last_o s._n luke_n probable_o omit_v it_o because_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o vulgar_o know_v in_o the_o christian_a church_n the_o apostle_n deliver_v it_o to_o be_v keep_v and_o use_v wheresoever_o they_o preach_v second_o though_o s._n luke_n make_v no_o express_a mention_n of_o this_o creed_n of_o the_o apostle_n yet_o s._n paul_n in_o diverse_a of_o his_o epistle_n not_o obscure_o allude_v unto_o it_o under_o several_a form_n &_o phrase_n of_o speech_n as_o have_v be_v show_v at_o large_a before_o so_o also_o do_v s._n judas_n v._o 3._o three_o s._n luke_n set_v down_o the_o apostle_n decree_v concern_v the_o ceremonial_a law_n because_o it_o be_v the_o result_n of_o a_o general_n council_n and_o that_o council_n occasion_v by_o a_o great_a dissension_n in_o the_o church_n of_o antioch_n which_o send_v to_o the_o apostle_n about_o the_o resolution_n of_o this_o question_n now_o matter_n of_o dissension_n be_v the_o chief_a theme_n of_o history_n and_o that_o council_n with_o the_o proceed_n and_o form_n thereof_o be_v set_v down_o on_o purpose_n as_o a_o pattern_n to_o all_o succeed_a age_n as_o for_o the_o creed_n or_o canon_n of_o faith_n there_o be_v no_o such_o occasion_n for_o the_o mention_v of_o it_o see_v no_o cavil_v then_o arise_v about_o it_o nor_o any_o general_a council_n concur_v to_o the_o composure_n of_o it_o but_o only_o a_o private_a meeting_n of_o the_o apostle_n ob._n 2d._o not_o one_o of_o the_o ancient_a father_n who_o live_v within_o the_o three_o first_o century_n speak_v of_o any_o such_o thing_n in_o any_o of_o their_o writing_n and_o yet_o they_o shall_v best_o know_v it_o who_o time_n be_v near_o unto_o the_o apostle_n then_o of_o so_o many_o church-historians_a who_o studious_o gather_v together_o the_o confession_n of_o synod_n and_o anti-synod_n not_o one_o make_v mention_n of_o this_o though_o a_o matter_n of_o the_o great_a consequence_n as_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o faith_n and_o mother_n of_o all_o follow_a confession_n i_o answer_v first_o that_o the_o ancient_a father_n who_o live_v within_o the_o three_o first_o century_n make_v mention_n of_o the_o creed_n and_o the_o composure_n thereof_o by_o the_o apostle_n i_o appeal_v to_o the_o former_a testimony_n cite_v out_o of_o irenaeus_n tertutullian_n and_o origen_n who_o all_o live_v within_o two_o hundred_o year_n after_o our_o saviour_n assension_n second_o though_o we_o have_v not_o any_o comment_n extant_a on_o the_o creed_n write_v by_o the_o father_n of_o the_o three_o first_o century_n origen_n except_v who_o large_o expound_v it_o in_o his_o book_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d yet_o it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a that_o more_o of_o they_o expound_v it_o paraphrastical_o first_o because_o ruffinus_n who_o live_v in_o the_o next_o age_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o exposition_n of_o the_o creed_n tell_v we_o of_o those_o before_o he_o comperi_fw-la say_v he_o nonnullos_fw-la illustrium_fw-la tractatorum_fw-la aliqua_fw-la de_fw-fr his_o pie_n &_o breviter_fw-la edidisse_fw-la that_o some_o famous_a author_n have_v write_v pious_o and_o brief_o on_o this_o subject_a and_o a_o little_a after_o tentabimus_fw-la quae_fw-la omissa_fw-la videntur_fw-la a_o prioribus_fw-la ad_fw-la implere_fw-la that_o he_o will_v endeavour_v to_o supply_v what_o have_v be_v omit_v by_o former_a writer_n second_o because_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o ancient_a bishop_n to_o expound_v the_o creed_n unto_o catechumeni_fw-la when_o they_o come_v to_o baptism_n at_o those_o two_o solemn_a time_n of_o the_o year_n easter_n &_o pentecost_n as_o appear_v by_o those_o homily_n or_o catecheticall_a sermon_n now_o extant_a of_o cyril_n chrysostome_n austin_n chrysollogus_n and_o other_o many_o more_o doubtless_o there_o be_v frame_v by_o former_a bishop_n which_o either_o be_v never_o commit_v to_o paper_n or_o be_v then_o write_v be_v now_o lose_v 3_o as_o to_o the_o silence_n of_o ecclesiastical_a historian_n touch_v this_o subject_n a_o little_a observation_n will_v inform_v we_o that_o novel_a strange_a singular_a passage_n be_v the_o usual_a argument_n of_o their_o pen_n not_o thing_n public_a know_v and_o receive_v such_o as_o the_o creed_n be_v &_o be_v common_a then_o in_o every_o novice_n mouth_n so_o the_o roman_a historian_n set_v not_o down_o their_o law_n custom_n court-proceeding_n as_o thing_n vulgar_o know_v and_o of_o daily_a practice_n among_o they_o the_o omission_n whereof_o render_v their_o history_n obscure_a to_o stranger_n they_o be_v set_v down_o distinct_o by_o dionysius_n halycarnasseus_n it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o several_a father_n in_o most_o age_n occasional_o make_v mention_n of_o it_o when_o they_o have_v to_o deal_v with_o heretic_n who_o deny_v or_o pervert_v it_o but_o that_o ancient_a church-historian_n mention_v the_o several_a confession_n of_o faith_n which_o be_v frame_v in_o several_a synod_n and_o anti-synod_n as_o socrates_n and_o other_o in_o the_o business_n of_o the_o arian_n faction_n have_v this_o double_a reason_n that_o they_o be_v new_a and_o contrary_a to_o each_o other_o whereas_o the_o apostle_n creed_n be_v a_o old_a know_a tradition_n and_o receive_v verbo-tenùs_a by_o the_o arian_n as_o well_v as_o the_o catholic_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o to_o unmask_v their_o false_a gloss_n the_o catholic_n be_v fain_a to_o add_v by_o way_n of_o explication_n unto_o the_o second_o article_n of_o the_o creed_n the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d so_o to_o clear_v the_o true_a meaning_n thereof_o and_o distinguish_v themselves_o from_o the_o corrupter_n of_o the_o faith_n ob._n 3_o the_o very_a language_n of_o the_o creed_n convince_v it_o to_o be_v young_a than_o the_o age_n of_o the_o apostle_n for_o the_o word_n catholic_n be_v not_o know_v in_o their_o time_n as_o witness_v pacianus_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o sympronianus_n it_o be_v lik_o it_o be_v add_v in_o after_o age_n to_o distinguish_v the_o universal_a church_n spread_v through_o out_o the_o whole_a world_n from_o the_o canventicle_n of_o heretic_n and_o schismatic_n such_o as_o the_o novatian_o and_o donastist_n for_o if_o it_o be_v say_v this_o word_n be_v add_v to_o distinguish_v the_o christian_a church_n from_o the_o jewish_a synogogue_n circumscribe_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n it_o be_v a_o improbable_a reason_n because_o in_o the_o apostle_n age_n there_o be_v as_o many_o if_o not_o more_o jew_n out_o palestine_n than_o in_o it_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o history_n of_o the_o acts._n i_o answer_v 1._o some_o one_o word_n may_v possible_o be_v add_v in_o succeed_a time_n by_o way_n of_o explication_n to_o distinguish_v the_o true_a church_n from_o the_o conventicle_n of_o heretic_n and_o yet_o not_o prejudice_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o whole_a so_o st_n austin_n seem_v to_o include_v it_o in_o the_o epethete_n holy_a for_o when_o he_o come_v to_o this_o article_n he_o add_v by_o way_n of_o explication_n to_o sanctam_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la vtique_fw-la catholicam_fw-la in_o case_n of_o reply_n that_o if_o one_o word_n be_v add_v why_o not_o many_o and_o if_o the_o church_n may_v do_v so_o in_o one_o age_n why_o not_o at_o other_o time_n i_o rejoin_v that_o one_o word_n may_v be_v add_v then_o but_o by_o way_n of_o explication_n only_o not_o to_o supply_v a_o mutilous_a member_n or_o defective_a article_n but_o the_o form_n be_v now_o settle_v for_o so_o many_o hundred_o year_n such_o liberty_n be_v take_v away_o together_o with_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o the_o full_a and_o genuine_a sense_n of_o the_o creed_n have_v be_v abundanty_a deliver_v to_o the_o church_n in_o succeed_a exegeticall_a creed_n and_o exposition_n of_o the_o father_n so_o that_o there_o be_v now_o no_o need_n of_o coin_v new_a word_n or_o phrase_n by_o way_n of_o explication_n but_o second_o we_o have_v no_o 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haereses_fw-la
word_n or_o title_n gennadius_n allude_v in_o his_o rehearsal_n of_o the_o athanasian_n creed_n call_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o confessor_n as_o we_o have_v already_o show_v last_o nicetas_n metropolitan_a of_o heraclea_n in_o his_o note_n on_o this_o oration_n understand_v it_o of_o this_o creed_n cap._n iii_o the_o time_n and_o place_n wherein_o athanasius_n write_v his_o creed_n together_o with_o the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o cause_n wherefore_o he_o write_v it_o and_o the_o language_n wherein_o have_v produce_v these_o testimony_n in_o vindication_n of_o the_o author_n and_o authority_n of_o this_o creed_n i_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o place_n for_o the_o far_a illustration_n of_o this_o argument_n examine_v in_o brief_a these_o three_o particular_n first_o when_o where_o and_o to_o who_o this_o creed_n be_v write_v to_o who_o viz._n to_o p._n julius_n liberius_n or_o the_o emperor_n jovianus_n where_o at_o rome_n trier_n or_o alexandria_n when_o in_o the_o year_n 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arianorum_n &_o praecipue_fw-la constantii_n imperatoris_fw-la ariani_n qui_fw-la eum_fw-la ubique_fw-la perquiri_fw-la faciebat_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la quia_fw-la nolebat_fw-la haeresi_fw-la arianae_n consentire_fw-la nauclerus_fw-la report_v the_o same_o in_o his_o chronology_n seculo_fw-la 12_o mo_z but_o the_o more_o rceeive_v opinion_n be_v that_o athanasius_n give_v in_o this_o his_o creed_n in_o write_v unto_o julius_n bp_o of_o rome_n in_o in_o a_o synod_n of_o 50_o western_a bishop_n there_o assemble_v in_o his_o cause_n so_o baronius_n ad_fw-la an._n 340._o athanasius_n romam_fw-la citatus_fw-la quantumlibet_fw-la ipsius_fw-la fides_n catholica_fw-la omnibus_fw-la innotuisset_fw-la ut_fw-la nulla_fw-la penitus_fw-la potuerit_fw-la suboriri_fw-la suspicio_fw-la tamen_fw-la romanae_fw-la sedis_fw-la communicationem_fw-la haud_fw-la habere_fw-la licuisset_fw-la &_o aliorum_fw-la episcoporun_n qui_fw-la ad_fw-la synodum_fw-la convenissent_fw-la nec_fw-la plane_n audiendus_fw-la esset_fw-la qui_fw-la reuâ—_n advenerat_fw-la nesi_fw-la edita_fw-la publicè_fw-la catholicae_fw-la fidei_fw-la professione_n eademque_fw-la ex_fw-la more_fw-it latino_fw-la sermone_fw-la coram_fw-la pontifice_fw-la &_o ei_fw-la assidentibus_fw-la recitata_fw-la athanasius_n say_v he_o be_v cite_v to_o rome_n although_o the_o catholicknesse_n of_o his_o faith_n be_v well_o know_v to_o all_o so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o suspicion_n at_o all_o to_o the_o contrary_a yet_o he_o will_v not_o have_v obtain_v communion_n with_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n nor_o the_o other_o bishop_n who_o come_v unto_o the_o synod_n neither_o indeed_o be_v he_o to_o be_v hear_v be_v a_o person_n accuse_v before_o he_o have_v make_v a_o public_a profession_n of_o the_o catholic_n faith_n and_o that_o according_a to_o custom_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n before_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n and_o his_o assessor_n of_o the_o same_o opinion_n be_v binius_fw-la who_o in_o the_o first_o tome_n of_o 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fain_o to_o make_v a_o apology_n for_o himself_o in_o the_o public_a audience_n of_o the_o church_n act._n 11._o and_o when_o the_o controversy_n arise_v whether_o the_o gentile_n shall_v be_v circumcise_v and_o observe_v the_o ceremonial_a law_n no_o appeal_v be_v make_v to_o s._n peter_n but_o a_o synod_n be_v call_v wherein_o though_o he_o speak_v first_o yet_o james_n as_o bishop_n of_o jerusalem_n the_o place_n where_o the_o synod_n be_v call_v decide_v the_o question_n and_o seem_v to_o have_v sit_v therein_o as_o precedent_n beside_o s._n paul_n resist_v he_o to_o his_o face_n at_o antioch_n and_o public_o rebuke_v he_o for_o cause_v other_o to_o judaize_v by_o his_o example_n as_o we_o read_v galatian_n 2._o 14._o which_o he_o will_v not_o have_v presume_v to_o do_v if_o he_o have_v conceive_v he_o endue_v with_o such_o a_o supereminent_a privilege_n so_o then_o there_o appear_v nought_o in_o peter_n above_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o apostle_n but_o a_o primacy_n of_o order_n 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and_o so_o rather_o the_o mouth_n than_o the_o head_n of_o the_o apostle_n but_o there_o appear_v no_o primacy_n of_o order_n or_o jurisdiction_n over_o his_o fellow-apostle_n but_o suppose_v we_o shall_v grant_v say_v they_o that_o peter_n have_v such_o a_o unerring_a paramount_n privilege_n yet_o this_o might_n well_o be_v personal_a and_o annex_v to_o his_o apostleship_n not_o derivable_a to_o any_o episcopal_a successor_n and_o if_o derivable_a why_o shall_v the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n rather_o arrogate_v it_o to_o himself_o than_o the_o bishop_n of_o antioch_n in_o which_o city_n s._n peter_n first_o sit_v or_o the_o bishop_n of_o alexandria_n a_o see_v institute_v by_o the_o same_o apostle_n under_o s._n mark_v before_o he_o ever_o appoint_v any_o bishop_n at_o rome_n as_o for_o the_o ground_v of_o this_o privilege_n on_o s._n peter_n martyrdom_n at_o rome_n where_o appear_v any_o such_o dependence_n or_o legacy_n bequeath_v by_o s._n peter_n that_o his_o infallibility_n and_o supremacy_n shall_v be_v annex_v to_o that_o chair_n alone_o as_o to_o the_o place_n of_o his_o death_n and_o burial_n it_o be_v true_a they_o confess_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n be_v of_o old_a account_v primae_fw-la sedis_fw-la episcopus_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o the_o principal_a see_v but_o withal_o they_o say_v that_o there_o be_v a_o vast_a difference_n between_o primacy_n and_o power_n for_o if_o by_o this_o pretence_n he_o shall_v challenge_v any_o authority_n or_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n the_o second_o see_v why_o shall_v not_o he_o of_o constantinople_n likewise_o claim_v the_o same_o power_n over_o the_o bishop_n of_o alexandria_n which_o be_v the_o three_o and_o so_o in_o like_a manner_n alexandria_n over_o antioch_n antioch_n over_o jerusalem_n a_o opinion_n never_o hear_v of_o or_o entertain_v in_o the_o church_n of_o god_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n therefore_o have_v this_o primacy_n not_o by_o divine_a right_n but_o by_o humane_a or_o ecclesiastical_a that_o be_v not_o from_o any_o apostolical_a privilege_n derive_v from_o s._n peter_n but_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o emperor_n and_o decree_n of_o counsel_n it_o be_v fit_a that_o one_o bishop_n shall_v be_v chief_a for_o order_n sake_n &_o this_o honour_n be_v give_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n for_o the_o dignity_n of_o his_o seat_n rome_n be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n for_o which_o cause_n alexandria_n have_v of_o old_a the_o second_o place_n as_o be_v praefectura_fw-la augustalis_n the_o peculiar_a of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n so_o ennoble_v by_o augustus_n caesar_n antioch_n the_o three_o as_o the_o metropolis_n of_o syria_n and_o the_o eastern_a country_n adjoin_v whereas_o if_o the_o preeminency_n of_o see_v have_v be_v derive_v from_o s._n peter_n the_o city_n of_o antioch_n where_o he_o sit_v seven_o year_n in_o person_n shall_v have_v be_v prefer_v before_o alexandria_n whether_o he_o only_o send_v a_o other_o viz_o s._n mark_v and_o appoint_v he_o for_o the_o first_o bishop_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n caesarea_n too_o be_v make_v the_o metropolitical_a see_v of_o palestine_n because_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o roman_a governor_n until_o the_o father_n of_o the_o nicene_n council_n in_o honour_n of_o jerusalem_n where_o s._n james_n be_v make_v the_o first_o bishop_n of_o the_o christian_a world_n and_o whence_o the_o gospel_n spread_v into_o the_o whole_a earth_n give_v the_o bishop_n thereof_o a_o patriarchall_a title_n &_o that_o rather_o of_o dignity_n they_o authority_n for_o thus_o run_v the_o seven_o canon_n of_o that_o council_n quoniam_fw-la mos_fw-la antiquus_fw-la obtinuit_fw-la &_o vetusta_fw-la traditio_fw-la ut_fw-la aeliae_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la hierosolimorum_fw-la episcopo_fw-la honour_n deferatur_fw-la habeat_fw-la consequenter_fw-la honorem_fw-la manente_fw-la tamen_fw-la metropolitanae_fw-la civitatis_fw-la caesareae_n propriâ_fw-la dignitate_fw-la that_o be_v because_o from_o a_o old_a custom_n and_o tradition_n honuor_n have_v be_v give_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o aelia_n that_o be_v of_o jerusalem_n let_v he_o have_v honour_n according_o provide_v that_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o metropolitan_a city_n caesarea_n remain_v entire_a for_o the_o same_o cause_n also_o when_o constantinople_n be_v reedifyed_a make_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o call_v new_a rome_n by_o constantine_n the_o great_a it_o be_v think_v fit_a by_o the_o emperor_n and_o succeed_a counsel_n that_o the_o bishop_n of_o alexandria_n shall_v no_o long_o have_v the_o second_o but_o the_o three_o place_n constantinople_n now_o succeed_v in_o that_o honour_n for_o thus_o run_v the_o five_o canon_n of_o the_o first_o council_n of_o constantinople_n constantinopolitanae_n civitatis_fw-la episcopum_fw-la habere_fw-la oportet_fw-la primatus_fw-la honorem_fw-la post_fw-la romanum_fw-la episcopum_fw-la propter_fw-la quod_fw-la sit_fw-la nova_fw-la roma_fw-la that_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n ought_v to_o have_v the_o next_o place_n of_o honour_n after_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n because_o his_o city_n be_v new_a rome_n and_o because_o there_o can_v not_o be_v two_o sedes_fw-la primae_fw-la two_o first_o or_o chief_a see_v the_o same_o council_n ordain_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o constantinople_n shall_v be_v style_v the_o second_o patriarch_n but_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n shall_v be_v of_o equal_a dignity_n and_o authority_n with_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n so_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n whosoever_o will_v please_v to_o compare_v the_o prelate_n see_v with_o the_o notitia_fw-la imperii_fw-la shall_v find_v that_o the_o church_n still_o accommodate_v her_o hierarchy_n of_o mertropolitans_n archbishop_n &_o bishop_n unto_o the_o state_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o distinction_n of_o province_n and_o the_o dignity_n of_o the_o city_n according_a to_o that_o ancient_a rule_n ecclesia_fw-la est_fw-la in_o republicâ_fw-la non_fw-la respublica_fw-la in_o ecclesiâ_fw-la the_o church_n be_v in_o the_o commonwealth_n not_o the_o commonwealth_n in_o the_o church_n 2._o the_o second_o cause_n of_o the_o schism_n be_v the_o deposition_n and_o excommunication_n of_o the_o patriarch_n photius_n and_o of_o the_o other_o prelate_n and_o abbot_n his_o adherent_n in_o a_o great_a synod_n at_o constantinople_n hold_v under_o the_o emperor_n basiliuâ—_n and_o the_o patriarch_n ignatius_n in_o the_o year_n 869_o which_o business_n be_v main_o urge_v and_o further_v by_o two_o bishop_n of_o rome_n successive_o viz._n nicolas_n the_o first_o and_z adrian_z the_o second_o 3._o the_o three_o cause_n be_v the_o rash_a and_o inconsiderate_a zeal_n of_o the_o say_a patriarch_n photius_n who_o first_o dare_v to_o accuse_v the_o roman_a church_n of_o heresy_n because_o it_o hold_v that_o the_o holy_a ghost_n proceed_v from_o the_o son_n as_o well_o as_o from_o the_o father_n whereas_o in_o all_o former_a dispute_n between_o the_o greek_n and_o the_o latin_n whether_o by_o word_n or_o writing_n neither_o party_n accuse_v his_o adversary_n of_o heresy_n for_o hold_v either_o opinion_n yea_o the_o latin_n demonstrate_v that_o some_o of_o the_o greek_a father_n speak_v as_o they_o do_v neither_o can_v the_o greek_n deny_v it_o and_o since_o this_o precipitate_a censure_n of_o photius_n not_o a_o few_o of_o the_o roman_a divine_n have_v in_o requital_n accuse_v the_o greek_a church_n of_o the_o same_o crime_n for_o hold_v the_o contrary_a 4._o the_o four_o cause_n be_v the_o contention_n about_o the_o primacy_n between_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n and_o constantinople_n for_o john_n surname_v jejunator_n and_o cyriacus_n his_o successor_n patriarch_n of_o constantinople_n be_v very_o earnest_a with_o the_o emperor_n mauritius_n to_o obtain_v the_o title_n &_o authority_n of_o ecumenical_a patriarch_n thereby_o challenge_v a_o superiority_n over_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o whole_a christian_a world_n from_o the_o dignity_n of_o their_o city_n which_o be_v then_o the_o head_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n that_o of_o the_o west_n be_v utter_o break_v and_o rome_n the_o ancient_a seat_n thereof_o for_o that_o cause_n lose_v its_o former_a dignity_n now_o against_o these_o their_o endeavour_n gregory_n the_o great_a than_o bishop_n of_o rome_n public_o oppose_v himself_o and_o tax_v they_o in_o express_a term_n of_o antichristian_a ambition_n say_v withal_o that_o dato_n uni_fw-la episcopi_fw-la universalis_fw-la titulo_fw-la reliquos_fw-la sacerdotes_fw-la honore_fw-la debito_fw-la privari_fw-la the_o give_v of_o the_o title_n of_o universal_a bishop_n unto_o one_o do_v deprive_v the_o other_o bishop_n of_o their_o due_a honour_n yet_o with_o in_o less_o than_o two_o year_n after_o his_o death_n boniface_n the_o three_o his_o successor_n abstain_v the_o same_o title_n of_o the_o emperor_n phocas_n which_o gregory_n have_v so_o much_o decry_v but_o the_o greek_a prelate_n will_v never_o yield_v to_o it_o 5._o the_o five_o cause_n be_v the_o business_n of_o image_n which_o break_v out_o after_o this_o contention_n about_o the_o primacy_n for_o the_o emperor_n leo_n isaurus_n and_o his_o son_n constantinus_n copronymus_n