vnder the pen of a more able hand one that had taken much paines in that Subiect onely hauing omittted Sir Iohn Perrots time for some particular reasons which must needes blemish my worke because not so substantiall I abruptly therefore brake off with such an excuse as to him belonged who was the motiue of my vndertaking And if this thus much come in Print I pray you know it to be his will onely But if this weake labour be not misliked I will proceede further as time shall spare me leasure To the Queenes most Excellent Maiestie Sir Iohn Perrots Opinion for the suppressing of Rebellion and the well Gouerning of Ireland written by him vpon the Queenes commandement in the time of the Earle of Desmonds and the Lord of Baltinglasses Rebellion 1582. I Haue found the charge that your Maiestie committed vnto mee for the setting downe of mine opinion how your Realme of Ireland might with the least charge be reclaimed from Barbarisme to a godly Gouernment somewhat difficult by reason of mine owne insufficiency many wayes for so weighty a cause Neuerthelesse entring into consideration first of your Maiesties most godly and Princely care in this behalfe and next of my most bounden duty to your Maiesty I haue beene emboldned to set downe what I obserued were the causes of the disorders of the Land whilst I had some peece of Gouernment in it and what I then thought and now doe thinke may bee some meanes to reforme the same most humbly referring both my selfe and this my simple discourse to your Maiesties and Councels grauer deeper consideration and as humbly crauing pardon if in seeking to discharge my duty truly and plainely I touch any thing that may seeme offensiue It is most apparant that the regard your Maiestie hath had to God and his will in all your Princely proceedings hath so wonderfully blessed your Estate that as wee your faithfull Subiects doe loue and honour you so all forraigne Nations doe admire and reuerence you for it A cause for vs to thank God most hartily and a patterne for all Princes to immitate most diligently Wee therefore to you and you to God are to giue all the honour and glory It is also apparant what continuall care you haue had of that your Realme of Ireland The great and almost insupportable charges that you haue sustained to doe it good doth well witnesse the same For so great a masse of Treasure haue you already imployed to that end that no Prince in the world except your Maiestie who hath bin moued with conscience of your people and feare of God only would in reason or good pollicy giue so much for the purchase of such an other Land to bee enioyed in peaceable possession And yet notwithstanding all that your Maiesties care and cost that way hath not hitherto yeelded that fruit that your Maiesty doth desire For the State of that Country hath growne dayly from worse to worse and from dangerous tâ— most dangerous Many men doe alledge causes hereof But next to the want of the true knowledge of God and of the due course of Iustice to giue euery man a peaceable propriety of that which is his owne I take vnder correction that the smoothing vp of all former Rebellions by Pardons and Protections hath beene the misery and cause of most of this mischiefe For if it were not too bitter a rehearsall it were no hard matter to make it appeare how one Rebellion during your Maiesties Raigne hath hatcht another and how againe of all them this last more dangerous then they all hath taken this strong rooting with forraigne combination Leauing this third cause a while I craue pardon to say a little of the two former principall causes want of Religion and Lawe It is a lamentable thing to behold how generally in that Realme they are so farre of not onely from true but also in effect from any knowledge at all of God thaâ— Saint Patrick is more familiar and of better credite with them then Christ Iesus our Sauiour How can a people so estranged from God and their duty to him haue any grace to know their lawfull Prince and their duty to her The like is to be said of the Lawes from which they flye as from the yoke of bondage and not desire to be tyed by it as by the linke of humane Society as they ought to be The reformation must therefore begin at God His will and word must be duly planted and Idolatry extirped Next Law must be established and lycentious customes abrogated The meanes to effect both is now most fitly offered by the Rebellion now a foore So as a man that should giue his opinion for the reformation of Ireâ—and might conclude all circumstances with this one short resolution Correct this Rebellion throughly and reforme Ireland presently I must therefore craue pardon to say a little more concerning this Rebellion before I meddle with other particularities of reformation There be three strong reasons to moue your Maiesty to correct this Rebellion with all earnest seuerity not allowing pardon or protection to be giuen to any man but vpon speciall and vrgent great causes The first reason is The charge that God hath committed to your Maiesty ouer that people to see the good maintained or at the least defended and the bad suppressed or at the least repressed Then the account that God will require for the innocent blood that hath beene there cruelly spilt by Traytors and for the miserable oppression of the better sort of your Maiesties Subiects who haue beene there burned rauished robbed and spoyled the cry whereof is now shrill in Gods eare for vengeance against these cruell Rebels and disordered dealers The second reason is a present vrging necessity which may not be neglected but with dangerous errour in pollicy of Gouernement For remit this Rebellion and yeeld wholly and for euer the Lamb to the Wolfe and the Subiect to the Traytor who will so keepe him vnder that hee shall neither will nor dare euer hereafter to oppose himselfe on your Maiesties behalfe or Seruice The third reason is commodity For besides that all rules and orders for reformation may thereupon be the more readily and lesse chargeably put in execution there will excheate to your Maiesty by due course of Iustice the better halfe of that Land whereof what great â—…ue may in short time accrew to your Maiestie ouer and aboue what may be imployed to reward and strengthen those that are dutifully disposed shall in part appeare in place where the commodities of Ireland shall purposely be spoken of Thus it appeareth that the seuere correction of this Rebellion is the first and soundest step of reformation and that the same is grounded vpon duty to God necessity pollicy and commodity all which points would yeeld a larger discourse if that it were either my purpose or needfull to your Maiesty who knoweth and vnderstandeth all Least some might draw this mine opinion of a seuere
opinions what seruice were fit to bee first attempted and where Some in Vlster against the Scots Some in Connaught against the Burks Some in Mounster against Desmond and some in Leynster against Baltinglass and each haue their reason It were not good to neglect any of them but presently at least to front euery of them The choyse therefore where to begin would be left at large at the Deputies discretion to doe therin as he seeth cause Neuerthelesse aboue all the rest that in Leynster which aptly may bee called an intestin mischiefe would be in mine opinion first dealt withall as well for the indignity of the matter as also for the suppression of the Birnes Tooles and Cauenaghes which as now to Baltinglass haue and euer will be ready Rebellion to the Omoores Oconers and all others For vntill they be eyther extirped or throughly brought vnder by fortifications vpon their fastnesses Dublin Kildare Westmeth the Kings Queenes Counties cannot be cleare either of theirs the Omoores and Oconors incursions spoyles or of doubt of the Magoghigans Omoloyes other stirring Irish borderers But they being suppressed the Omoores Oconors lose all their chiefe strength and refuge and the residue with either the Sword or the Law will be easily enough kept vnder So as then the Pale may without feare or danger attend your Maiesties other Seruice with their best ayde That being happily as it willw i th Gods fauour be soone at chieued then is your Deputy to proceede against the rest and still as hee goeth to make great paces throughout all their Woods and fatnesses and small fortifications vpon euery their streight and strength after the example of your Maiesties most Noble Progenitors in subduing of Wales And whilst this is in doing your Maiestie had neede to haue not onely part of your Nauy to lye on the Coast to answere forraign attempts if there be cause and to keep the Rebels from starting ouer Sea But also small Vessels to lye vpon the Scots to impeach their Inuasions The Rebellion being repressed and your Maiesty hauing shewed mercy to those that you shall see cause to bestowe it well vpon then must the fruits of peaceable Gouernement be made to appeare To that end it shall be requisite to call a Parliament and by Authority thereof not onely to reuiue all former olde Statutes that shall be consonant to a reformed Gouernment but also to Enact new for the establishing of the Articles ensuing and such other as vpon aduice shall be thought meete 1. First for as much as the only way for true obedience to the Prince groweth by true knowledge of God it shal be requisite that two Vniuersities where the same may bee truly taught be erected with as conuenient speede as may be The fittest places for them will be at Lymbrick for the south part and Arnagh for the North The meanes to doe it may bee partly by some of the Lands that shall excheat to your Maiesty by this Rebellion and partly by imposition of workes labours carriages and money as Fines vpon those that shall bee thought fit to be pardoned 2 Item to the end it may appeare that the reformation tendeth to a lawfull Gouernement it shall bee meete that a Collection bee made of the Lawes already in force and a publique denuntiation made by Proclamation for the putting of them in present Execution especially the Lawes of King Kogish 3 Item the Earle of Ormond is to be compounded withall for his liberties of Tibredary so as your Maiesties Lawes onely ruling there my Lord neuerthelesse to haue the Excheats as by the ordinance of Wales the Lords Marchers haue there As for the Earle of Desmond his liberties of County Pallantine in Kerry there needeth no composition with him he being in Rebellion 4 Item that all Ireland bee reduced into Manours so as hauing Courts Barons Leetes and Lawdayes kept orderly vpon them the people may haue Iustice for meane actions neere home 5 Item that all Cesse cuttings and Irish exactions as Bonnaght Coyne and Liuory Fowey Soren Black rents and such like bee cleane abollished And that in lieu thereof a certaine Annuall rent bee rated vpon euery Plow Land to the vse of the Lord by composition tripartity indented to be made betwixt your Maiestie the Lord and his Free-holder by the Lord Deputy Lord Presidents or other Commissioners by them authorized reseruing besides for your Maiesty according to the Statutes made for that purpose 13 shillings foure pence vpon euery Plow land with prouiso that if the Lord doe breake the composition or take againe any of the said exactions then hee to forfeit the inheritance of those Lands And that by that tripartity Indenture both the Lord and the Freeholder bee bound to let his demeanes or any other Land that he shall demise to the Tennant otherwise called Churle at a reasonable rent certaine for terme of 21 yeares at least Thus the Freeholder and the Tennant being at a certainty and rid of the vncertaine spoyle and spending of the Lord and feeling the ease and commodity thereof will withstand the vnlawfull attempts of the Lord and be ready with his body and goods against him if neede bee at the deuotion of the State that shall be meanes thus to enrich and better his estate 6 Item no Lord or Gentlemen for any respect or colour of Seruice be admitted to put vpon his Lordship or Signory any Galloglagh Kerne or Shot or to grant them any Kenelagh Follow Bonaghbeg or Bonaghburr vpon paine offellony Neuerthelesse vpon any great necessity the Lord Deputy or Lords Presidents shall put in any Galloglagh Kerne or Shot and those to be called and reputed your Maiesties Galloglagh Kerne or Shot 7 Item that all Brehons Carraghes Bardes and Rymers that infect the people Friars Monkes Iesuites Pardoners Nunns and such like that openly seeke the maintenance of Papacy a Traytrous kinde of people the Bellowes to blow the coales of all mischiefe and Rebellion and fit spies of Antichrist whose Kingdome they greedily expect to bee restored be executed by Marshall Law and their fauourers and maintainers by due course of Law to be tryed and executed as in cases of Treason 8 Item if your Maiesty in respect of pollicie or otherwise doe not thinke it good vtterly to destroy the Irish Scots that doe continually inuade your good Subiects and ayde the Rebellious against your Highnesse That it were well your Maiesty did graunt to the Earle of Arguile an yearely Pention for a time to the end he should restraine them from comming euer into England 9 Item that the English Horsemen Footmen the Galloglaghes Kerne and Irish Shot bee placed in the seuerall Prouinces of the Realme as the seruice and the necessity of the place shall require And that of the Lands in your Maiesties disposition by Excheat or otherwise as soone as conuensently may bee some portions bee allotted to them to dwell vpon and manure at a certaine reasonable rate And
speede for the ease of the Queenes Charge vpon which prouidence most vnwisely his ignorant Aduersaries through malice insisted for much more time might otherwise to good purpose haue beene spent in rooting out the originall cause of this Inuasion and securing the after time of any the like Confederacy But all things being now whist and no commotion at that time appearing the Deputy retired to Dublin to answere his Aduersaries deuises against him The third Information against the Deputy there being now matter giuen them to worke on by his vncontroulable departure thence There the Deputy bent his course to satisfie all the Subiects in their iust complaints amongst which some priuate Iniuries were alledged to be done in the County of Cauan by the Collectours of the Queenes Rents The Examination and Writing whereof was by Commission referred to Sir Henry Duke and others Complaints in the County of Cauan redressed The Tenants of the seuerall Baronies within the said County exhibited their seuerall complaints against Patrick White and William Brataugh Collectours most of the offences alledged were triuiall as the taking of distresses being of greater value then their Rents amounted to with the laying more Cess for Horsemen and Boyes vpon the Country which did accompany the Collectors their Serieants then was meete for that Seruice These things being examined and the proofes returned by the Commissioners the Deputy though he saw them to be but of small moment yet he gaue order for the Complainers satisfaction with expresse Charge for the no more committing of such oppression which ministred good contentment vnto the Country Shortly after vpon like complaint the like Cōmission was directed vnto certaine Iustices Complaint against Francis Louell Sheriffe in the County of Kilkenny of the Peace in the County of Kilkenny vpon allegation made by the Earle of Ormonds Officers against Francis Louell Sheriffe of that County that he should execute put to death by Marshall law diuers persons out of malice and euill will for his owne priuate gaine who were out of the compasse of Marshall law hauing both Lands and Goods whereunto the Queene might haue bin entitled vpon due offence if proceeding against them had beene at the common law whose goods he had gotten into his owne possession to the defrauding of her Maiesty Withall that he had omitted the apprehension of diuers Malefactors such as were notorious disturbers of the Country and common peace To which Cōmission the Deputy added instruction to the Iustices who were to examine the particular complaints and all parties therevpon to returne the proofes produced with their proceedings therein by a certain prefixed time vnder their hands closely sealed that they should carrie themselues iustly and sincerely with especiall care to auoyde exception This was accordingly performed the Sheriffe being present the Earles Officers appointed their time to bring their witnesses At which time the persons names their offences abilities and qualities examined who had beene executed by Marshall law the Iurie found that the parties so put to death were iustly proceeded against and not maliciously as was enformed they being Vagabonds hauing no Goods or Lands Saue onely one Patrick Beg Baron who at his Execution was possessed of some small things rated at a very little value whereof part was restored vnto the true owners from whom they were stolne and the rest being but of the value of twenty shillings were deuided betweene the Sheriffe and his Officers They found likewise that the Sheriffe had not omitted to doe his endeuour for the apprehension of any notorious malefactour or receiued any reward but proofe was offered of a gift giuen to the Sheriffs wife to perswade her husband not to prosecute a Carpinter who was charged to lodge one Peiree Grace a man then out in action of Rebellion The booke of Articles exhibited against the Sheriff with his seueral answers was shewed vnto Hen. Sheath the Earle of Ormonds Steward and he willed to consider thereof that he might enforme the Iury and prouide his proofes but he refused alledging he had not sufficient time so to doe whereupon the Iury returned their verdit and the Commissioners sent the same with their Francis Louell cleared proceedings vnto the Deputy who vpon perusall thereof finding no cause to condemne but to cleare the Sheriffe signified so much vnto the Earle of Ormond and withall that hee was glad to see an English Gentleman as Louell was seruing in that Country especially in that Office charged with so great abuses to acquite himselfe so well This with some other such passages which did crosse the Earles Officers vsing absolute and in a manner vnlimitted Authority in their Masters Dominions especially in the next The Deputy and the Earle of Ormond at oddes County adioyning which was his Palatine bred some dislike betweene the Earle and the Deputy which in time grew to a heart-burning though in former time they had beene ancient and inward friends but now the profit and command of the one being questioned by the Authority of the other conuerted friendship into enmity Though at this time there were a generall tranquillity through the Kingdom of Ireland yet it could not bee but some corrosiues must remaine harboured in the mindes of men either misliking good gouernment which tended to the diminution of their owne powers or enuying the Authority of others ouer them or caried away with personall quarrels or particular respects which would easily enduce an attempting spirit to breake the bond of peace and loyall duty Walter Reughs entring into Rebellion Of such at this time one Walter Reugh Fitz Morice a Geraldine but not of the right line degenerating from the race he pretended to be discended of entred into actuall Rebellion This man vpon some great discontent and an euill disposition in himselfe with as bad an affection to the State associated to him company of lewd and filching people then committing stealthes in the Country With these he betooke himselfe to the Woods and Bogs being the fastnesses of the Countries Kilkenny Waxford and some parts of Leix His party in short time encreased by the resort vnto him of some of the Oburnes and Tooles with whom one night by force he entred the house of Iohn Asman dwelling in the Moroughs Country whom they murthered and preyed of all the Cattell Sheepe and Goods he had about his house which murther and spoile was suspected to proceede from the Conspiracie of some discended of the English who vpon priuate grudge and malice had drawne the Rebels to fall vpon him vpon examination whereof some were apprehended as culpable Walter Reugh himselfe was so straightly pursued by the Deputies speciall direction as from thence hee was enforced to flye to the Mountaines where he endured great misery yet in the end vpon his humble and earnest sute putting in Walter Reugh pardoned pledges for his future loyalty hee obtayned pardon The deuision of Desmonds Lands into Signories
met him in Connaught with Mac Morris Oswilliuan More the Knight of Kerry and certaine Septs of the Galloglasses who accompanied him to Limbrick where there came vnto him all the principall persons of that Prouince sauing the chiefe of the County of Corke as the Lords Barry and Roche Sir Owen-Mac-Carthie and others who did accompany their Sheriffe Sir William Stanley prouided to entertaine him and present themselues vpon the Confines of their owne County but were preuented by the Northerne newes already mentioned the Deputy hauing changed his purpose of visiting those parts Malachias Amalone a Fryar conuerted In this passage thorow Connaught Malachias Amalone brother to Mac William Eughter who had long beene a Fryar was brought vnto him and by him with priuate consultation and dispute made to vnderstand his errours Hee publiquely and before a great Assembly did renounce the Pope and Romish Religion gaue ouer his order and habit and made his Recantation by professing himselfe a Protestant and conformable to the Religion established in her Maiesties Dominions With these courses of Prouidence Iustice ending of Controuersies and taking security for the preseruation of future Peace the people generally seemed to be well pleased and satisfied but in nothing more then with the correction of the Sheriffes corruptions and limiting them to a small number of followers who had formerly vsed with Multitudes to trauaile and Cesse vnder colour of Seruice to the grieuous oppression of the Country so as mixing the peoples case from exaction with their reformation they gladly yeelded to the hardest conditions that colde bee desired to keepe them in obedience and due subiection These parts being left to the care of the Iustices and other selected Commissioners The Deputy retired with as much celerity as hee could towards Dublin and in his way as hee passed through Leix hee tooke Pledges of Fiaugh Order taken with the heads of Lemster for the certainty of their obedience Mac Hugh the Fierbrand of the Mountaines betweene Dublin and Wexford which were his Sonne and Vncle and for the rest of his Sept the Obyms and O-Tooles Sir Henry Harrington the Captaine and Commaunder of that Country was appointed to receiue the liâ—e The two brethren of the Oconnors who vsed to be followed with great troupes of Sauaging and idle people doing and threatning mischiefe to the Queene and Kings Counties and the parts adioyning submitted themselues there to the Deputy and were by him reduced to a more orderly course by putting away their idle men and bringing their Sept and followers into a smaller proportion according to their quality After the death of Iames More alias Meigh the Mores who challenge dominion in Lâ—ix were deuide into two or three Septs them the Deputy caused to render Pledges for their Loyalties as the Oconnors had done The Canaâ—aghs not being ready with their Pledges who are the bordering busie men of the Counties of Wexford Catherlogh and Kildare were respited to performe the same to Sir Henry Wallop Sir Nicholas Walsh and other Commissioners appointed for the suruaying the Forts of Mary Burgh and Philips Towne The Forts of Mary-Burgh and Philips Towne built by the Earle of Sussex Philips Towne and the Kings County was assigned to the commaund of Sir George Bourgier and Mary Burgh with the Queenes County to Captaine Warham St. Leger which Forts were built and Counties so named in Queene Maries time by the Earle of Sussex then Lieutenant of Ireland before begun by Edward Bollingham being otherwise called Leix and Ophaly these being the first Counties that The King and Queens Counties diuided by the Earle of Sussex had beene in this Kingdome since King Iohns Reigne at what time the twelue first Shires were established which enlarging of the English Plantation was a Seruice of very great moment those two Irish Septs of Mores and Oconnors possessing these two Countries being the most powerfull Rebels of Lemster at that time and by this good Earle and his Predecessour happily brought vnder The Orealies as wel Sir Iohn as Philip being then in controuersie were thence suÌ„moned by the Lord Deputy to repaire to him at Dublin which shortly after they performed and submitted their cause to his order who appeased their controuersie by setling an indifferent course betweene them to both their lykings Hauing secured all the Westerne parts in the manner as is declared which was certified vnto England by those of the Priuie Councell that attended him in this iourney he repaired to Dublin vpon the 9. day of August hauing bin absent a moneth wanting two daies where he remained sixteene dayes to make prouision of conuenient power and meanes for his Northerne iourney for to resist the Inuasion of the Scottish Ilanders whereof his intelligence did dayly encrease and to suppresse the rebellious purpose of the Vlster Confederates making the greater hast to keepe them from vniting His force which hee could on such a suddaine make was the Earle of Ormond and his Rising out The Earle of Thomond and his The Army for the North. From Mounster the Lord Barrys his Rising out sent by his brother The Lord Roche and Fitz Gibon called the white Knight with theirs The rising out of the County of Kildare The Lord of Trimelstowne with the rising out of Meathe The Vice-Count Gormâ—nstowne and the Lord of Heathe with other rising out of the English Pale being such of the olde English discent as were tyed by their tenures and custome of Seruice to leauy certaine Horse and Foote called Risings out to attend the Deputy or chiefe Gouernour for a time without the Princes charge in all Seruices of importance when hee went himselfe in person To these were added ten English Companies of Foote of one hundred in each Company vnder the Command 1 Sir Henry Wallops Company commanded by his Lieutenant 2 Captaine Rees ap Hugh the Prouost Marshall 3 Captaine Thomas Lea. 4 Captaine Bethell 5 Captaine Randal Brewerton 6 Captaine Merryman 7 Captaine Mince 8 Captaine Parker 9 Captaine Collum 10 Captaine Bangor These Companies Risings out and some halfe Companies of Kerne brought by particular Irish Lords being ready The Deputy accompanied with the afore-named Lords Generall Norreys Lord President of Moâ—nster Sir Nicholas Bagnall then Marshall of Ireland Captaine Iaques Wingfield then Master of the Ordnance Sir George Bourchier Sir William Stanley Mr. Thomas Norreys Sir Henry Harrington all Gouernours Commanders and most of them ancient Captaines well experienced with him likewise went Sir Robert Dillon chief Iustice of the Common Pleas Sir Lucas Dillon chiefe Baron of the Exchequer Sir Nicholas White Master of the Rolls Master Ieffrey Fenton Secretary of the State Master Henry Bagnall Sir Edward Denny Sir Iohn Tyrrell of Farrtallaugh Master Dudleigh Bagnall Sir Henry Cooley Sir Thomas More Sir Anthony Brabauson Warham Saint Leger Henry Warren and William Warren his brother set-forwards from Dublin the fiue and twenty day of August and came to the Newry the 29. thereof where
that hee had taken strict courses in his gouernment as requiring the Oath of obedience appointing Officers to looke into mens Patents Warrants giuen in the late Parliament to preferre Bills for making the like Lawes as were in England against Recusants Causing a Bill to be preferred in the first Session for the suspension of Poynings Act to the hazard of stirring vp a commotion Vrging that these courses did decline the people from peace to vnquietnesse Such force had slander got by malicious Enuie as to make a Bee a Spider and to worke that honey without of the flowers of his iudgement and sincerity he had painfully gathered to a corrupt poyson as by the wofull effect it in after time too manifestly appeared This information was giuen against him by such as hee had left in trust for State causes in his absence especially by the Chancellor the Archbishop of Dublin a man of great wisedome and experience and such a one as for his parts might well merit the estimation of an extraordinary States-man and Councellor and it was pitty these good things should be the cause of euill effects for betweene him and the Deputy were discontentments grounded vpon directions giuen by the Deputy in The Deputy and Chancellour differ about the erecting of the Vniuersity the last Parliament for conuersion of the liuing of Saint Patricks in Dublin to the maintenance of a Colledge and Vniuersity there to be erected first intended by King Edward the sixt and now at this time giuen in charge to this Deputy by the Queene which hee accordingly purposed to prosecute as a certaine foundation of the reformation of that Kingdome which howsoeuer the Chancellour could not but in his iudgement know and allowe of yet in respect some of his kindred friends and Allies were interrested in these possessions hee gaue great opposition therevnto pretending the cause to be in right of the Church whereof he vndertooke to be the Patron Likewise as it seemed hee tooke to heart the peremptory proceeding of the Deputy as well in other matters of State as in this finding himselfe slighted of that regard some precedent Gouernours had yeelded him for he being a Prelate great in place and made greater by the Offices hee had lately borne now finding that this mans prosperous beginning caried perchance with a more absolute Authority then others had vsually exercised if it were not crossed would breede a diminution of his power in that State by his wisedome already highly planted preferring his particular too tenderly which to preserue The Chancellour raiseth a faction against the Deputy hee fell into contention with the Deputie and raised a faction against him of some of the Counsaile as Sir Henry Bagnall who had married his sister to his eldest sonne and others so that from hence sprung not onely priuate informations but publique crosings at the Councell Table euen in things which if they had beene peaceably handled might haue much aduanced her Maiesties Seruice and the good of that Kingdome Such is the State of Ambition is it neuer sees any way but by the staires of its owne climing The Deputy makes answere to these obiections against his late Northerne iourney and the other things already mentioned especially for the conuersion of Saint Patrickes Liuing therein indeede lying the most assured roote of reformation Neuerthelesse the Lord Chancellour taking vpon him as is saide to bee the onely Patron of the Church affaires and knowing his power with the Lord Treasurer of England in the ballance of whose wisedome most State causes especially concerning England and Ireland were at that time cast laboureth by all meanes to hinder the Deputies proceeding as well by his Letters which heretofore had beene preualent as by his Agents who watched the best opportunity and tooke the right way of preuailing in Court which the Deputy not suspecting or at least not fearing trusting to the waight of his owne zeale The Chancellor in England preuaileth could not preuent whereby at length the Chancellour so farre preuailed in that one point as Letters were written from the Queen and Councell to make stay of the conuersion of those Liuings withall aduertisement is giuen by the Queene to them both that shee had taken notice of their contentions with admonition to for beare such crossing as must needes giue impediment to the publique seruice The Queene reproueth the Chancellour by her letters And by her owne particular Letter to the Chancellour in expresse manner shee commanded a reformation wherein was to be obsorued how carefull shee was of the common good though the interest of the Chancellours friends in her fauour wrought deepely to the aduancement of his particular But this her gracious admonition was not well followed oney ther side for the Deputy being by nature cholletick and not able to endure the affronts of an Inferiour especially discerning that the Chancellours particular ends had gained respect aboue his publique which to a good Patriots patience was no small mouer could not containe himselfe vpon the prouoking words of his wily Aduersary who omitted no meanes or occasion that might enforce his intemperance and so distemperd hee so The Deputy through choller exceeded himselfe exceeded himselfe as he spared not the greatest by whom he thought himselfe wronged which fault of his is iudiciously obserued by Sir Walter Raleigh to haue beene the greatest cause of his ouerthrowe priuate misrespect oftentimes swaying in a Princes heart more then publique miscarriage So the one not brooking an equall and the other eâ—â—ying a Superiour the bonds of charity patience and policy were by both broken Vpon the Chancellours side the then Secretary a Moath in all the Deputies garments The Secretaries double dealing with the Deputy of his time was factious who vpon the beginning of the Parliament hold in Ireland was imployed into England to negotiate in the affaires thereof which at the first hee seemed well to attend and desirous that the successe of that Parliament might breede the common good but at length either by the euill of me owne disposition or wrought by the Deputies Aduersaries in Court or the Chancellours instigation hee became from a priuate Practizer a publique and professed Aduersary for whereas by his Letter of the â—1 Iuly 〈…〉 signified her Maiesties good allowance of the Deputies seruice in these words That hee had procured generall peace and had gayned the peoples hearts vnto their Prince but on the ninth of September following hee wrote of the alteration of the Queenes good opinion in some of his Seruices which being likewise manifested by some other such his sharpe intelligence and some circumstances especially her Maiesties owne Letters concurring which hee brought ouer the Deputy was confirmed in his opinion of the Secretaries factions and false informing courses against him Vpon receipt of which Letters being partly admonitory and partly reprehensiue although the Queene was pleased to signifie therein that shee was well perswaded of his care and
whom the Queene had not in her Dominions a more able and sufficient Gentleman and that did more neerely lay his actions to a good conscience so as he did nothing but by the warrant thereof and nothing did argue his duty to God and his Princemore then his The hard cause held against Sir Richara Bingham vniust fall notwithstanding his prime desert in that â—nhappy Kingdome by the deprauing and malicious courses of those Instruments that in time prosecuted the like against him as they did now against this Deputy of whom wee now treat till the light of his innocencie cleared him though too late from their aspersion brought him to a new further aduancement in that Kingdome though his great heart disdayning the iniustice was done him would not hold out long enough to prosecute the seruice which was in his power to performe but ere I come to relate this tragicall misdeede I must mention his vertuous actions by which hee got the hate of his worthlesse Aduersaries and must recommend the Earle of Clanrikard who being a most noble Gentleman and loyall Subiect was one of the principall in this Seruice After treaties succeeded Inquisitions to finde what quantity there was in each Barony The couenants between the Queene and the Lords of Connaught and who were found owners thereof Indentures were drawne betweene the Deputy in the behalfe of the Queene on the one part and the chiefe possessioners in the seuerall Precincts on the other expressing so many quarters and quantities of Land with the Rents thereon reserued and such other couenants as were therein contained In the County of Clare and Thomond the Earle of Clanrikard the Baron of Inseâ—â—uin the Bishop of Killalowe the Elect Bishoâ— of Kilfanorough with diuers Knights and chiefe Gentlemen subscribed to an Indenture of couenants for the perpetuall paying out of the nine Baronies of that County amounting 177 quarters Certaine Freedomes were granted to some speciall persons some quarters of Land to be exempted from this imposition In consideration whereof the Lords and Owners of those Lands did likewise couenaot with the Deputy that the names stiles and Titles of Captainship chiefly and all other Irish Authorities and Iurisdictions heretofore vsed by the Lords Chiefetaines and Gentlemen together with all elections and customary diuisions of Lands which had occasioned great strife and diuision amongst them should be thenceforth vtterly renounced extinct and abollished The like composition was made vpon the same conditions with the Lords spirituall and temporall The Chiefetaines Gentlemen and Freeholders in the County of Maio containing nine Baronies and 1448 quarters of Land euery quarter esteemed to be 120 Acres so that out of this 1448 quarters found in this County there being graunted so much to bee free as there remained 1200 quarters chargeable which amounted to sixe hundred pound sterling in that County There was also by the same composition and couenants to be maintained by the County for the Seruice of the Prince forty good able Horsemen furnished and two hundred Footemen well Armed at their owne costs and charges whensoeuer they should be called or commanded thereto by the Deputy or chiefe Gouernour of the Realme or by the chiefe Officer of the said Prouince and to finde fifteene good Horsemen and fifty Footemen well furnished in such sort as the Peeres and English Bishops ought to doe the same The like composition was made for the County of Sligo all other Counties Countries Baronies and Territories of this Prouince By the eighth of September 1585 the Commissioners had trauailed through the Okelleys Country all Thomond Clanrickard Eighter Connaught and the rest of the County of Galway which Mac William Eighter and the rest of his name which were of many branches besides the petty Lords and other of the second ranke in their Sir Nicholas White his letter to the Lord Deputy Countries So that as Sir Nicholas White certified to the Lord Deputy they conceiued hope to come home loaden with Pledges and leaue that Country vnloaden of many Macks and Oos translated by their owne assent vnto which their hands Seales were had to a better course and more certainty of liuing then hitherto they could afford themselues In the aduertisement of these affaires Sir Nicholas White did propound vnto the Deputy an ingenious Enigma or Ridle That all sorts were eased with their bearing and yet her Maiesties reuenue with the Liuings of the Lords encreased From the County of Mayo the Commissioners were to repasse to the County of Sligo and so homewards to the County of Roscoman The Commissioners doubtfull to meddle with Orurk With Orurkes Country called Letrim they were doubtfull how to meddle considering the condition of himselfe and his Country both vnciuill and vnruly In those places where they had dealt they began to erect Mannours to hold of her Maiestie besides the Compositions and Royalties reserued vnto the Crowne Vpon the returne of this Commission and the Indentures thereupon drawne as formerly mentioned It appeareth there were found in that Prouince 8169 quarters of Land whereof Freedomes were graunted to 2339 so then remained chargeable 6836 whereon there were reserued in yearely Rent to her Maiesty and the Crowne 3418 pound fiue shillings eight pence sterling with the Seruice of so many Horse and Foote as is already mentioned and hereafter set downe Horsemen for rising out within the Prouince of Connaught vpon their owne victuals 224 Horsemen for rising out within the same Prouince for forty dayes vpon their owne victuals 88 Footemen for rising out within the Prouince vpon their owne victuals 1054 Footemen for rising out of the Prouince for forty dayes vpon their owne victuals 332 The Tawnist was cut off in that Prouince Mac William Enghters Country being the lower Bourkes was deuided into fiue parts The Lords and their Tenants were agreed together for a certaine Rent in lieu of all exactions That Prouince was deuided into sixe Counties or Shieres where there were but three before for so I finde it in a note vnder the Deputies Sir Iohn Perrots owne hand yet by another painefull Author I see it mentioned that Sir Henry Sidney made the whole sixe Counties Clare Galway Sligo Mayo Roscomon and Letrim then but one as he had formerly done the County of Longford in Lemster being before called the Annaly or Oferralls Country but I suppose he is mistaken being deuided and The Counties of Connaught deuided by Sir Iohn Perrot not by Sir Henry Sidney peraduenture named by Sir Henry Sidney but perfected by Sir Iohn Perrot Iustices of Assize were ordained and Shriefes and Iustices of the Peace with other inferiour Officers were established in most parts of this Prouince This Seruice so auaileable to the State by cutting off the Inferiours depending onely vpon the Superiour was affected beyond the expectation of many who could not conceiue that Chiefetaines would easily condiscend to quit their cuttings Cosherias and other Irish exactions of so long
and consequently the peace of that Kingdom by sitting still when there was most need of his stirring By this time the Ilanders being ioyned with the Bourkes and others who flocked fast vnto them resolued to enter into Connaught their Force now amounting to almost 3000. Sir Richard Bingham at the first either to settle things in the safest manner he could or to gather more force being in expectation to receiue speedy supplement from the State went not with all his strength against them perhaps knowing himselfe vnable to encounter so many and being not throughly assured of such as should come to serue him of the Irish Forces The Gouernor dispatcheth the Earle of Clanrikard then goeth in person himselfe against the Scots raised there dispatched the Earle of Clanrikard in whom he reposed good confidence and in respect of his faith and worthinesse had good reason with some fewe Horse and three Companies of Foote ioyned with his brother George Bingham then Shireffe of the County of Sligo who had lately leauied some Shot and Horsemen before the comming of the Earle They being thus vnited were directed to stand vpon their Guard and to coast the Enemie as he should march Sir Richard himselfe speedily hasteth after and commeth to Sligo and in his way at the Abby of Aboylehe found Sir Thomas Lestrange with the Rising out of the Country whom he left to defend those parts At Sligo he was enformed that the Ilanders lay still at the Riuer of Earne some on one side and some on the other that Sir Arte Oneale and Sir Hugh Macguire had sent them ayde so that their number was much encreased The comming of the Gouernour to Sligo and the pacification of the County of Mayo being bruted made their aboade the longer about the Riuer of Earne and Bundroys to expect more ayde from their Confederates and to procure that some new stirre might be raised within the Country whereby the Gouernour might be enforced to deuide his forces The Gouernour on the other side lay at Sligo and the Curlews about fourteene dayes expecting supply from the Deputy In the meane time the Enemy drawes on by little and little through Orurkes Country towards the Curlews with intention to passe that way into Mayo And one night prouing darke and tempestuous The Scot◠passed by Sir Richards forces they passed on that way neere Sir Richards Forces who vpon notice they were a foote drew out to see their countenance and came so neere as himselfe being Armed vnder his Cassock was shotte with many Arrowes that hurt him not They passed on seeming yet vnwilling to giue him Fight which in respect of his small force gaue him the aduantage of discerning their fearefulnesse and escaped by a Foard vnknowne Sir Richard with his Company marched into the Barony of Magherie Leauy chiefly to preserue the prey of that Country from thence he marched through the Plaines a way contrary to the passage of the Enemy which this aduised Captaine did on purpose to breed Supply is sent from the Deputy to the Gouernour their security At length there came some Companies of Foot and fifty Horse sent from the Deputy to supply him before their arriuall and vpon opinion that Sir Richard was retired The enemy being incamped at Ardnarey proclaymed that the Countrey was theirs and that the Gouernour was returned in feare to Roscomon and that all his forces had forsaken A good Stratagem of the Gouernours him which Sir Richard caused to be reported to them as a truth and suddenly so soone as he knew their aboad and that they were growne secure marcheth with speed and encamped within twelue miles of them whence he rose before breake of day and came within two miles of their Campe before nine of the Clocke in the Morning with his Horse where he made a stand a while for the comming vp of the Foote then passed on with such silence celerity as he approached their Campe within halfe a mile before they knew any thing of his comming assuring themselues by rumours that hee durst not attempt them so that his Scouts which he had sent before to discouer how they were lodged fell in vpon them vnexpected and gaue them a fearefull Alarume who being thus surprised standing without any guard did neuerthelesse striue to make head but Sir Richard charging and recharging them with his Horse kept them in disorder which they assayed to amend by drawing toward the Bogg where they might auoide the force of the Horse but Sir Richard knowing before that he should driue them to that shift had sent his brother Captaine Iohn Bingham with the Foot to approach them that way who meeting them they were charged both in Front and The Scots defeated Flank which quickly disordered them wholy and so broken were soone dismayed and put to rout neither did hee leaue them any place of safety to flye vnto but forced them to take the Riuer where such as were not slaine by the sword were drowned none escaping of aboue 3000 excepting some fourescore part of whō were slaine by George Bingham and the rest by their friends the Burkes that had drawne them thither who thought that the best meanes to insinuate with the State by such being the reward which the partaker of Treason may expect from the Traytor yet a fewe some 6 or 7 escaped by the wily conduct of Shane Mac an Erle a Bastard of the Earle of Kildares Before this discomfiture was giuen the Deputy fearing the Gouernours strength was not great enough to encounter the Enemie in respect of their number which indeede had not beene if hee had beene an ordinarie Commaunder and not so iudicious and experienced a Captaine as fewe of his time was like him raised more power and marching towardes Connaught notwithstanding the Councels opposition but by the way being come as farre as Mullingar he heard of their defeate by Sir Richard Bingham when The Deputy discontented that he came not time enough to ouerthrow the Scots himselfe it was a question whether hee were more glad that the Seruice to her Maiesty was performed or sorrie that himselfe in person was preuented of the honour therof which doubtlesse besides the greatnesse of his spirit for other causes he much desired as well to manifest the Councels errour in disswading his iourney as to satisfie his friends in England of the necessity thereof so as he could not chuse but emulate the Gouernours good successe who on the other side made the more speed in his businesse not onely to gaine the honour but to shew the State the benefit of his long experience By this victory whereby the bed of Rebellion was in that Prouince at that time broken The Deputy had lesse cause to make any long aboade there where hee remained but tenne dayes taking order for such affaires as the present State of the Country and particular mens causes and controuersies did require wherein he made the more
About this time Commissioners were sent out of England to deuide Desmonds Lands which after an exact suruay made of all the Lands were deuided into Signories and halfe Signories and disposed to diuers personages of good quality of the Kingdome of England but in this the Deputy had no hand which as he had cause he tooke to be a discountenance to his Authority and Place wherein hee felt the Queenes displeasure A Regiment of Irish sent with Sir William Stanley into the Low-Countries Not long before a thousand of the Irish were sent into the Low-Countries vnder the commaund of Sir William Stanley by an especiall direction out of England and at the same time order came to the Deputy for the cashiring Order for the casting of the Forces in Vlster of the Vlster Forces which the Deputy had raised by Composition as is formerly mentioned Two acts as pernicious as that time could afford to the publique Seruice as the sequell made manifest for the first not onely proued the losse of a worthy Gentleman who had valiantly and successiuely serued in that Kingdome Hee meeting in the Low-Countries with sharper conceites then his owne and finding him ignorantly wauering betweene two Religions fastned him to the worse and consequently made him to the State a Traytor against whom he hath since done great mischiefe prouing one of the best Captaines vnder the Spaniards Commaund Besides those Irish that went with him haue beene a Seminary of Traytors to afflict that Kingdome of whom some yet liue to threaten no lesse hereafter And the other those Forces in Vlster so cast was not onely the pulling of the bridle from the heads of those inconstant people which no sooner off but they ranne headlong againe into new practises but likewise proned a trebble charge to her Maiestie in ensuing time as more particularly shall be expressed in the storie following yet the chiefe reason alledged for their disbanding was the ease of the Queenes charge who was enformed that it was a needlesse thing to keepe Garrisons in time of peace and this burthen layd vpon the Country would in time breake the peoples obedience in those parts where they began already to grudge Thus much the Queene signified in a Letter partly written with her owne hand vnto which shee was wrought by such as were aduerse to the Deputy and desirous to weaken his worke in that Kingdome whose enuies were set the more on fire by the wily trickes of Tyrone who tooke this opportunity to lay the foundation of his ensuing rebellion finding their hearts bent to vse all meanes that might extenuate the Deputies merrit and weaken his Gouernement This Letter of the Queenes as it raised wonder in the Deputy knowing it tasted not off her high Iudgement so it gaue griefe to him to see such preposterous Councels take effect against his faithfull endeuours which The Deputies Letters by Sir William Stanly to the Queene and Councell hee tooke occasion to expresse by his Letter vpon the dispatch of Sir William Stanley wherein he signified he had performed her Maiesties pleasure but could not suppresse his griefe nor in duty conceale that which he conceiued would proue perillous to her Seruice and disgracefull to himselfe in that place of Authority he held vnder her Maiestie especially for remouing the Garrison of the North so soone in a State so vnsetled And although the submission of the Chiefes with the generall obedience of the people did seeme to promise nothing but peace yet considering the attempts of her Maiesties forraigne Forces and the ficklenesse of that people newly brought to a shewe of conformity hee could not assure their loyalties much lesse establish such things as he had begun and further intended for the good and aduancement of her Maiesties seruice and that these Souldiers being thus cashiered who were a tye vpon such as had mindes to be troublesome which were 900 her Maiesty being at charge but of little more then 800 pound a yeare the rest being bome by the Country So that now her charge being reduced to the rate it was at his comming to the Gouernement before the raysing of Forces to resist them that did rebell and inuade Vlster he wished that this sauing did not The Deputy writeth to be recalled from the gouernement or admitted to the Queenes presence proue an after spending of greater summes with more perill to Her and her Country He likewise wrote after his plaine and passionate manner to the Queene that her sharpe reprehension and restraint of his gouernment with some taxe layde on his iudgement made him now stand to the world vasit as hee alwayes conceiued of himselfe to mannage the weighty affaires of such a place and therefore he besought her that shee would be pleased to reuoke him thence or at the leaft to lycenoe his accesse vnto her presence as well for answering the calumniations of his Aduersaries as to discouer some things for the furtherance of her seruice in that Kingdome proffering If The Deputies offer to bring ouer the Irish Lords her Maiesty were so pleased to bring with him the Lords and chiefe Irish Commanders of that Country so that she would be pleased to disburse 3000 pound ready for them to receiue at their landing in England to defray their charges they being owners of much Land and Cattell but not of money which should hee repayed at reasonable prices in Beefes for her Maiesties profit in the payment of her Forces there This hee thought would make much for the furtherance of her Maiesties seruice since the chiefe men of that Kingdome comming ouer in that sort should take their Lands by such tenure as her Highnesse should prescribe whereof diuers of them had already made offer vnto him Besides it would be a greater honour vnto her to haue more of the greatest and wildest Chiefetaines of Countries in Ireland to prostrate themselues and their estate at her Maiesties feete and pleasure in England then euer had beene performed to any of her Noble predecessours The Deputies offer silenced But this complaint and offer so made vnto the Queene was silenced and tooke little effect either through the vnderhand-working of the Deputies Aduersaries or else through the presse and multitude of weighty affaires then in hand in England to defend the Netherlands and to preuent Inuasion with other perils threatned to her Maiestie and her Dominions which might perhaps put out of minde or at least set back for the time the consideration of that which at this season did most concerne Ireland Within short time after the Companies of Souldiers were remoued out of Vlster saue such as remained with Tirlogh Leynaugh at his request Some of the Northerne Lords tooke occasion and opportunity hereby to shew their willingnesse to doe euill rather then be idle now they sawe the force was gone which was A stir in the North vpon the casting of the Forces wont to rule their disorders Amongst which dislike and
complaints were moued by Macquire against Mac Mahone and the Earle of Tyrone for trespasses and supposed wrongs to be offered Sir Oconnor Macquire being behinde-hand for his Composition and charged with doing some things amisse was sent to by the Deputy and required to performe what was meete for him to doe or else to repaire vnto his prefence to answere these contempts which message was sent vnto him by Sir Henry Duke who appoints him a place of meeting Macquire writeth vnto the Lord Deputy and excuseth his comming to Sir Henry according to his appointment being hindered by sicknesse and the infirmity of the Gowte complayneth on the Earle of Tyrone and Mac Mahone desiring him not to beleeue complaints against him and offereth to double the pledges hee had put in if any doubt were had of his good disposition to the State Mac Mahone likewise exhibites his agreeuance against Tyrone for Ceasing in his Countrey and compelling him to maintaine Horsemen for him as if hee had beene tributary to the Earle which cause the Lord Deputy heard and determined freeing Mac Mahone from any such duty as the Earle demanded The rest being but complaints of which the Kingdome is neuer free and no practises to draw dangerous consequence to the State yet discouered were onely appeased by admonition Contention betweene Orurk and Sir Richard Bingham Besides these Sir Bryan Orurke the Lord of Letrim and Sir Richard Bingham the Gouernour of Connaught grewe into dislike one with the other the one being strickt in his Gouernement the other not willing to bee seuerely commaunded Sir Bryan wrote vnto the Deputy that hee had wrongs and indignities done him being often summoned by Sir Richard to goe before George Bingham his brother and Captaine Thomas woodhouse to answer as well complaints as to take directions which hee held to be a disparagement to him and to auoyde that inconueniencie was forced to forsake his Iland the place of his dwelling and to wander vpon the hills which he would not doe but for the care of performing his promise to be obedient vnto his Prince otherwise he said he would deale well enough with those men and meete Sir Richard and his brethren with the same measure they measured him therefore in as much as hee meant to doe nothing against her Maiestie he desireth they might be kept from him for he would not goe to them but in the Deputies presence whose Commandements hee would in all things else performe and craueth of him that peace might be kept with him in the Prouince of Connaught as he doth with them to which the Deputy returned answere requiring him to yeeld conformity in all things reasonable to the Queenes Officers and if any wrongs were offered him not to right himselfe by resistance or reuenge but to make The Deputy admonisheth both it knowne and he should receiue redresse He likewise wrote vnto the Gouernour aduising him to vse a gentle hand in the dealing with Orurke and people of his quality men of such fierce dispositions and natures being with roughnesse handled would easily be excited to the breach of obedience which might proue a charge to the State and a disquiet to the Country This admonition Sir Richard tooke somewhat vnkindly as a mistike of his Gouernement and resteaint of his proceedings against Orurke and did not stick to tell the Deputy afterward at the Councell Table that his Lordship gaue countenance to Orurke vnto the diminution of his Authority in that Prouince So difficult it was for the Deputy to appease or reconcile a difference betweene so stout a Commaunder and so factious and rebellious a spirit being powerfull The Gouernour being perswaded out of his iudgement that it was now time to prosecute Orurke while the Bourkes were yet weary of their late strugling so as standing without partakers hee would the more surely fall or at least bee brought with more facility to the path of obedience being the onely man now to be doubted in that Prouince hauing in his possession the strongest and fastest Country there And it is not vnlikely but the Deputy would haue ioyned with him therein if he had not had priuate reasons to the contrary arising from the present question of his actions in England and his desire and sute to be reuoked thence which were things onely knowne to himselfe These distempers now yet but flashes which were kindled by discontent were quenched by care and prouidence and had they not beene well met within time would haue growne to greater flames of commotion and did afterwards arise againe for want of like circumspection in the succeeding Gouernment which argued both the wisedome of the Gouernour who would haue taken the time to take away the cause and the preuailing power in the Deputy euen in the worst Subiects hearts to make them conformable against their natures While the Deputy was busie to preuent perils which might growe by heart burnings within his Gouernement Some of his Aduersaries were as deepely trauailed to procure A rumour of the Deputies remoue his disquiet and disgrace Amongst other inuentions Reports were raised that hee should presently be reuoked and another sent in his place being a thing not as yet thought on in England whereof so soone as hee had notice though he esteemed them but as rumours yet lice tooke occasion to renue his suite vnto the Queene for his remouing And besought her if such were her pleasure which hee humbly desired and shewed reasons for such his desire that yet her Highnesse would suppresse the opinion and publishing thereof vntill his successour should be ready to come ouer because he knew by experience that the wauering and worst sort of people in that Kingdome were apt to take aduantage vpon the alteration of the chiefe Gouernour especially in the Interim of his Gouernement if they had notice before hand to stirre vp troubles in the State The Gentlemen of the English Pale stirre vp the Lords to write to the Queene for the stay of Sir Iohn Perrot in that gouernement The Gentlemen of the English Pale in loue with his Iustice and vpright Gouernement were much troubled at this newes of whom diuers of the better sort of Plunbetts Flemmings Barnewells Bellews Cusacks Delahides Taafs Nangles and others of good account to the number of 67 wrote a ioynt Letter to the Noble men their neighbours of the notice they had taken of the remouing the present Lord Deputy from that Gouernement whom they therein testified to haue gouerned with Iustice care and prouidence for the good of that Kingdome whereby they had enioyed much peace and prosperity for the truth wherof they appealed vnto them whom they besought as they tendered the welfare of their Countrey to bee a meanes vnto the Queenes Maiesty for the retayning and continuing him in that Gouernement to perfect what hee had begun and was likely to bring vnto a good end if he remained amongst them The Lords of the English Pale vpon