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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A13821	The historie of serpents. Or, The second booke of liuing creatures wherein is contained their diuine, naturall, and morall descriptions, with their liuely figures, names, conditions, kindes and natures of all venemous beasts: with their seuerall poysons and antidotes; their deepe hatred to mankind, and the wonderfull worke of God in their creation, and destruction. Necessary and profitable to all sorts of men: collected out of diuine scriptures, fathers, phylosophers, physitians, and poets: amplified with sundry accidentall histories, hierogliphicks, epigrams, emblems, and ænigmaticall obseruations. By Edvvard Topsell.	Topsell, Edward, 1572-1625?	1608 (1608)	STC 24124; ESTC S122051	444,728	331

Grauius Caronnus to Sir Horatio Pallaut●ino Maiolus to Heberus or any other that euer writ of Serpents or venomous Beasts that doe I heere dedicate to you as the euerlasting pledge of my loue honour and seruice vnto you Which I shall entreate you to entertaine and accept while it may honour you because it hath Gods worke for a subiect and refuse it not when it shall any way ecclipse or dazle your light with Prince or people And for my selfe let me be bold to conclude with this my vnfayned protestation Sum tuus sine fine tuus Decane Manebo Cum socijs quorum sine felle candida nosti Pectora sic in te sibi constatura deinceps De te nil dubite si tu tamen ambigis istas En desiderij pignus pius aspice chartas Edw Topsell To the Reader GEntle and pious Reader although it be needlesse for mee to write any more of the publishing of this Treatise of Venemous beasts yet for your better satisfaction and direction briefly take this which followeth After the publishing of the former booke of Foure-footed Beasts I vnderstood of two thinges much misliked therin wherein I also my selfe receiued a iust offence First the manifolde escapes in the presse which turned and sometimes ouerturned the sence in many places especially in the Latine which fault as it may in parte concerne me so yet it toucheth another more deepely yet are both of vs excusable He in wanting the true knowledge of the Latine tongue and I bicause of my employment in my pastorall charge and both of vs together because we were not so thorowly estated as to maintaine a sufficient Scholler to attend only vpon the presse Wherefore in this second Booke we haue remooued away that blot and vsed a more accurate dilligence and I trust there is no escape committed peruerting the sence and not very many altring the letters The second exception taken against the former Treatise was the not englishing or translating of the Latine verses which thing I purposed to haue done if I had not beene ouerhastened in the businesse for it had beene to the worke an ornament and to the History a more ample declaration This faulte I haue now amended in the setting forth of this second Booke of Liuing Creatures Al therefore that can be saide for your direction I could wish the Historye more compleat for the manifestation of the most blessed Trinities glory whose works are here declared and for the better reuelation of the seuerall natures of euery Serpent I may fayle in the expressing of some particular yet I suppose that I haue omitted no one thing in their Narration which might bee warranted by good authority or experience And therfore although I cannot say that I haue saide all that can be written of these liuing Creatures yet I dare say I haue wrote more then euer was before me written in any language Now therefore Aske the Creatures after God and they will tell you For sayth S. Austen Interrogatio creaturarum profunda est consideratio ipsarum responsio earum attesta ipsarum de Deo quoniam omnia clamant Deus nos fecit The askeing of the Creatures is a deepe and profounde consideration of theyr seuerall natures theyr answere is their attestation or testimony of God because all of them cry out The Lord hath made vs. Wherefore seeing it is most true incognita non desiderantur things vnknowne are not desired to the intent that all true English Christians may hereafter more affectionately long after and desire both the mysticall vision of God in this world and also his perfect sight in the worlde to come I haue for my part out of that weake ability wherwith I am endued made knowne vnto them in their owne mother tongue the wonderfull workes of God for the admiring of Gods praise in the Creatures standeth not in a confused ignorance not knowing the beginnings and reason of euery thinge but rather in a curious and artificiall inuestigation of their greatest secrets Therefore let all liuing men consider euery part of diuine wisedome in all his workes for if it be high he therby terrifieth the proud by the truth he feedeth the great ones by his affability he nourisheth the little ones and so I will conclude my preface with the wordes of the three Children O all ye workes of the Lorde praise him and magnifie him for euer EDVVARD TOPSELL A Table of the seuerall Serpents as they are rehearsed and described in this Treatise following A ADder 50 Ammodyte 53 Arge Argolae 54 Aspe 54 B Bee 64 Bee-Drone 78 Bee-waspe 83 Bee-Hornet 92 Boas 111 C Cantarides 96 Cankers 102 Caterpillers 102 Chamaeleon 113 Cockatrice 119 Cordyll 126 Crocadill 126 Crocadile of Egypt 140 Crocodile of Bresilia 141 Crocadile of the earth called a Scinke 141 D Darte 145 Dipsas 147 Doublehead 151 Dragon 153 Dragon winged 158 Dryine 174 E Elephants 176 Elops Elopis 176 F Frogges 176 Greene Frogge 185 Crooked Frog or Paddock 186 Toades 187 G Greene serpent 194 H Haemorrhe 193 Horned serpent 198 Hydra 201 Hyaena 200 I Innocent Serpents 203 L Lizard 203 Lizard greene 209 Locust vide Caterpiller M Molure 203 Myllet or Cencryne 211 Myagrus 203 N Neute or Water Lyzard 212 P Pagerina 203 Pareas 203 Palmer-worme vide caterpiller Pelias 214 Porphyre 214 Prester 214 Python vide Dragon R Red Serpent 216 S Salamander 217 Scorpion 222 Scytall 232 Sea-serpents 233 Seps or Sepedon 236 Slow-worme 293 Snake 240 Spiders 246 259 Stellion 276 T Tyre 280 Torteyse 281 285 287 V Viper 290 W Wormes 306 A Generall Treatise of Serpents DIUINE MORALL AND NATURALL Of the Creation and first beginning of SERPENTES THere is no Man that can iustly take exception that this History of Serpents beginneth at theyr Creation for seeing our purpose is to set forth the workes of GOD by which as by a cleere glasse he endeuoureth to disperse and distribute the knowledge of his Maiesty Omnipotencie Wisedome and Goodnesse to the whole race of Man-kinde it seemeth most proper that the first stone of this building laid in the foundation be fetched from the Creation and the rather because some Naturalists especially amongst the auncient Heathen haue taken the Originall of these venemous Beasts to be of the earth without all respect of Diuine and Primary Creation And hereunto some Hereticks as the Manichees and Marciontes haue also subscribed though not directly for they account the Creation of these venemous all hurtfull beasts an vnworthy worke for the good GOD because they could neuer see any good vse of such creatures in the World Yet we know the blessed Trinity created the whole frame of this visible World by it selfe and for good reasonable and necessarie causes framed both the beneficiall hurtfull Creatures eyther for a Physicall or metaphysicall ende Therfore it is most certaine that if we consider the outward parts of these Creatures endued with life no man nor nature could begin

the fall The Gryffins are likewise said to fight with the dragons and ouer-come them The Panther also is an enemy vnto the Dragons and driueth them many times into theyr dennes There is a little bird called Captilus by eating of which the dragon refresheth himselfe when he is wearied in hunting of other beasts And to conclude he is an enemy vnto all kinde of Beastes both wilde and tame as may appeare by these verses of Lucan where he saith Arment aque tota secuti Rumpit is ingentes amplexi verbere Tauros Nec tutus spacio est Elephas Which may be englished thus And following close the Heards in fielde Great Bulls with force of might And Elephants are made to yeelde By dragons valiant sprite In the next place I will passe vnto the poyson and venome of dragons omitting all poeticall discourses about the worshipping and transmutation of dragons from one kind to another such as are the haires of Orpheus or the teeth of the dragon which Cadmus slew into Armed-men and such like fables which haue no shew nor apparance of truth but are onely the inuentions of men to vtter those things in obscure termes which they were afraid to doe in plaine speeches It is a question whether dragons haue any venom or poyson in them for it is thought that he hurteth more by the wound of his teeth then by his poyson Yet in Deuteron 22. Moses speaketh of them as if they had poyson saying Their wine is as the poyson of dragons and the cruell venome of Aspes So also Heliodorus speaketh of certaine weapons dipped in the poyson of dragons For which cause wee are to consider that they wanting poyson in themselues become venomous two maner of wayes First by the place wherin they liue for in the hoter Countries they are more apt to doe harme then in the colder and more temperate which caused the Poet in his verses to write of them in this manner following Vos quoque qui cunct is innoxi numina terris Serpitis aurato nitidifulgore Dracones Pestiferos ardens facit Affrica Ducit is altam Aëra cum pennis c. Which may be englished in this manner You shining Dragons creeping on the earth Which fiery Affrick yeeldes with skinne like gold Yet pestilent by hote infecting breath Mounted with wings in th' ayre we doe behold So that which is spoken of the poyson of Dragons infecting the ayre wherein they liue is to be vnderstood of the Met●or called Draco volans a Fire-drake which doth manie times destroy the fruites of the earth seeming to be a certaine burning fire in the ayre sometime on the Sea and sometime on the Land whereof I haue heard this credible storie from men of good worth and reputation happening about some twelue yeeres agoe vpon the Westerne-Seas vpon the Coastes of England which because it is well worthy to be kept in rememberance of all posteritie and containeth in it a notable worke of God I haue thought good to sette it downe in this place There was an olde Fisher-man which with his two hyred seruaunts went forth to take fish according to his accustomed manner and occupation and hauing layd theyr nettes watched them earnestly to finde the bootie they came for and so they continued in theyr labour vntill mid-night or there abouts taking nothing At the last there came by them a Fire-drake at the sight whereof the old-man beganne to be much troubled and afrayde telling his seruaunts that those sights sildome pretended any good and therefore prayed God to turne away all euill from them and withall willed his seruaunts to take vp their Nettes least they did all repent it afterward for he said he had knowne much euill follow such apparitions The young men his seruaunts comforted him telling him there was no cause of feare and that they had already committed themselues into the handes of Almightie GOD vnder whose protection they would tarry vntil they had taken some fish the old man rested contented with their confidence and rather yeelded vnto them then was perswaded by them A little while after the fire-drake came againe and compassed round about the boate and ranne ouer the Nettes so that new f●ares and more violent passions then before possessed both the old-man and his seruaunts Wherefore they then resolued to tarie no longer but hasted to take vp their nettes and to be gone And taking vppe theyr Nettes at one place they did hang so fast as without breaking they could not pull them out of the water wher●fore they sette theyr Grabbe-hookes vnto them to loose them for the day before they remembred that a Shippe was cast away in the same place and therefore they thought that it might be the Nettes were hanged vppon some of the tacklings thereof and therein they were not much deceiued for it happened that finding the place where-vppon the Net did stay they pulled and found some difficultie to remoue it but at last they pulled it vp and found it to be a chayre of beaten gold At the sight hereof their spirits were a little reuiued because they had attayned so rich a bootie and yet like men burdened with wealth especially the old-man conceiued newe feares and wished hee were on Land least some storme should fall and lay both it and them the second time in the bottome of the Sea So great is the impression of feare and the naturall presage of euill in men that knowe but little in things to come that many times they proue true Prophets of their owne destruction although they haue little reason till the moment of perrill come vppon them and so it fell out accordingly in this old-man for whilst hee feared death by stormes and tempests on the Sea it came vpon him but by another way and meanes For behold the deuill entred into the harts of his two seruants they conspired together to kill the old-man their Maister that so betweene themselues they might be owners of that great rich chayre the value whereof as they conceiued might make them Gentlemen and maintaine them in some other Country all the dayes of their life For such was the resolution that they conceiued vpon the present that it would not be safe for them to retu●ne home againe af●er the fact committed least they should be apprehended for murder as they iustlie deserued theyr maister beeing so made away by them The deuill that had put this wicked motion into their mindes gaue them likewise prespan●nt opportunitie to put the same in execution depriuing them of all grace pitty and pietie still thrusting them forward to performe the same So that not giuing him any warning of his death one of them in most sauage and cruell manner dashed out his braines and the other speedily cast him into the Sea And thus the feare of this old-man conceiued without all reason except superstition for the sight of a fire-drake came vpon him in a more bloody manner then hee expected but life suspected itselfe and

the Serpents life is cold and dry and the humane life hote moyst wherfore either of both abhorreth one the other and the serpent leapeth as farre from a mans spittle as it would doe out of a vessell of scalding water Agatharcides writeth that there was a King in Affrick called Psyllus whose Sepulchre was preserued in the greater Syrtes From this King there were certaine people named Psyllians in whose bodies there was a certaine inbred and naturall power to kill or at the least to astonish Serpents Spiders Toades and such like and lay them for dead euen by the sauour or smell of them And the manner of these men to try the chastitie of theyr wiues was to take their children newly borne and to cast them vnto direfull Serpents for if they were of the right line lawfully begotten then did the serpents die before them but if they were adulterous and the children of strangers the serpents would eate and deuoure them Pliny affirmeth that euen in his dayes there were some of those people aliue among the Nasomons who destroyed many of them did possesse their places yet some running from death escaped Generally such people were called Marsi and Psilli for the Marsi were a people of Italy descended of Circes as is said in whom there was a vertue to cure all the stinging of serpents by touching the wounded places Such saith Crates Pergamenus are in Hellespont about the Riuer Parius And some are of opinion that at the beginning they were Ophiogenes borne or bred of Serpents or that some great Noble man father of that country was of a serpent made a man And Varro saith that in his time there were some few men aliue in whose spettle was found that vertue to resist cure the poyson of venomous beasts But hauing named Ophiogenes or Anguigenae that is men bred of serpents or snakes I see no cause why it should be iudged that those which cure serpents poyson should be so misiudged for to cure poyson is not the worke of poyson but of an Antidote or contrary power to poyson and therefore curers resisters of poyson are without all learning called Ophiogenes that is serpents broode but rather that terme belongeth more iustlie to those people whose nature is sociable with serpents and serpents agree with them as they would doe with their own kind Such an one was Exagon the Embassadour at Rome who at the commandement of the Consuls for their experience was cast naked into a vessell or tunne of snakes who did him no harme but licked him with their tongues and so with great miracle he was let foorth againe vntouched and yet there is no more reason to say that this man was borne of the linage of serpents because those Men-enemies did not hurt him then it was to say that Daniell was borne of Lyons because that the Lyons did not harme him Or that Romulus and Remus were borne of the kindred of Wolfes because a shee Wolfe did nourish thē VVe do read of many people in the world which were surnamed of Serpents all which may as well be deemed to be discended of such creatures because of their name as well as the other who were by GOD for their innocencie preserued from death Ebusus was called Colub●●xia and the people thereof Ophiussae and in Arabia we reade of the Ophiades both which are deriued from Serpents called in Greeke Opheis Eustathius also relateth a story of a man called Ophis I omit to speake of the Ophitae and others yet thus much I must needs say that commonly such names haue been giuen to Serpents for some cause or accident either fainedly or truly deriued from Serpents So wee read of Ophion a companion of Cadmus and a builder of Thebes who was said to be made by Pallas of a Dragons tooth Likewise the Spartanes were called Ophiodeiroi by Pythius because in a famine they were constrained to eate Serpents S. Augustine maketh mention of certaine blasphemous Haereticks who were called Ophitae because they worshipped a Serpent said that the serpent which deceiued our first Parents Adam and Euah was Christ Wherefore they kept a Serpent in a Caue whom they did nourish and worshippe which at the charme of the Priest would come out of his Caue and licke the oblations which they set vppon his denne rowling and folding himselfe round about them and then would goe in againe then did these abhominable Haereticks breake these oblations into the Eucharist and receiue them as sanctified by the serpent And such also is the storie of Caelius Rhod where hee termeth the great deuill Ophioneus whom both holy Scripture and auncient Heathen say that hee fell out of Heauen But all these things are but by the way vpon occasion of that vnnaturall conceit of those men called Ophiogenes that is descended or begotten by Serpents Therefore I will returne where I left namely to the hatred of Men to Serpents and of Serpents to Men againe In testimonie whereof there haue beene mutuall slaughters namely men which haue killed monstrous serpents and serpents which haue killed men againe Hercules beeing but an Infant as Poets faine killed thóse two serpents which Iuno sent to his cradle to destroy him for Iuno is saide to be much offended at his birth because hee was begotten by Iupiter vppon Al●mena and therefore there was reserued the Image of Hercules at Athens strangling a serpent But Pierius maketh of this fiction a good morall or Hieroglyphick when he saith that by Hercules strangling of the serpents in his cradle is vnderstood how those men which are borne for any great enterprises should kill their pleasures while they be young I neede not to stand long vpon this poynt for it is euident that to this day there are many Hyades both men and women which are not afraid to kill the Serpents broode But such as haue perrished by serpents I meane men of any note are also expressed whereof Ouid writeth of A●lacos the sonne of Priamus and Alixothoes who following the Nymph Hesperia with whom hee was in loue was suddainly killed by a snake biting his foote So were Apaesantus Munitus Eurydice Laocoon Opheltes the sonne of Lycurgus King of Nemea Orestes Idmon and Mopsus were slaine by serpents vvherof Opheltes by the negligence of his Nurse Hypsiphiles leauing him vngarded in his cradle It is recorded by Aelianus and Pliny that when a serpent hath killed a man he can neuer more couer himselfe in the earth but in punishment of so vile an offence wandereth to and fro subiect to infinite miseries and calamities beeing not acknowledged by his female if he be a male nor yet by the male if it be a female and is forsaken of all his crew or societie The earth it selfe not dayning to entertaine a man-murtherer into her bowels but constraining him to liue Winter and Sommer abroad vppon the open earth And thus hath the Diuine prouidence dispensed his iustice that hee suffereth not

of man and prouoketh lust and for this purpose the greatest and fattest such a one as is taken in the spring time when they burne in lust for copulation is preferred But this is not to be meant of the fleshy partes but onely of those partes that are about the reynes if a man drinke thereof the weight of a groat in Wine afterwardes for the alaying of the heate thereof the Physitions doe prescribe a decoction of Lentiles with Hony and the seede of Lettice drunke in Water The snout of this Crocodile with the feete drunke in white wine hath the same operation but we haue shewed already that these parts are to be cut offand throwne away because if there be any venome in the beast it lyeth in them A perfume being made of the body and intrals of this Crocodile vnder the wombe of a Woman labouring with child is thought to yeald much help for her safe speedy and easie trauaile or flockes of wooll perfumed therewith and layd to her belly But it is the part of good Physions to be very warie in giuing of medicines for stirring vp of lust in any except in marryed persons and then also when they are young to procure a lawfull issue and posterity in the world otherwise they shall both decay the body for all violent helpes of carnall copulation do in the end prooue detriments to nature if they continue any time and also they are hurtfull to the Soule when not onely the vnnaturall desire of lust but also the intemperate pleasure of sinne is increased thereby and that is a miserable cure which killeth the Soule to help one part of the body Besides all kinds of medicines for this purpose amongst which this Crococodile is the cheefe haue their pecuculier venome and when they are ministred either they haue no effect at all through age or ouermuch impotency or else they worke too violently which is most dangerous or some one hurt or other followeth the poyson and so I will leaue the prosecution of this part The dust of the skinne of this Crocodile being annoynted with Vineger or Oyle vpon any part or member which is to be cut off taketh away the sence of paine in the time of execution The bloud is good for the eyes and taketh away the filthy skinne of the body with the spots and burles in the face restoring the first true natiue and liuely colour The fat taketh away the paine in the reines and causeth a distillation of the seede of man yet this fatte touching the hayre of a man maketh it to fall off and a man annoynted heerewith is safe from the annoyance of Crocodiles although they play with him It also cureth the bytinges of Crocodiles the instillation of this Crocodile foulded vp in the wooll of a blacke Sheepe of the first birth and wherein is no other colour hath power to driue away a quartan Ague And Rasis saith that it beeing hung ouer the head of a woman being in trauaile keepeth her from deliuery In the gall of this Serpent there is a power against the falling off of the hayre especially if the medicine bee made of the rootes of Beetes to neese withall and besides the eyes beeing annoynted therewith and with Hony there is nothing more profitable against suffusions The stones reines haue power to prouoke generation and Aetius prescribeth an Antidote to bee made of the taile of this beast against the gout Great is the vertue of the dung or excrement of this Serpent if the same could be casily found but while it is sought for it looseth the vertue It is called Crocodillia and is profitable to giue a good colour to womens faces that is the best which is whitest short and not heauy feeling like Leauen betwixt the fingers that is smelling somewhat sharp like Leauen It is adulterated with Meale Chalke white-earth or painting but it is descerned by the heauinesse The reason of the vertue of this is because it feedeth vpon the sweetest best smelling Herbs whereby it commeth to passe that it doth not onely smell fragrantly but also containe in it many excellent vertues First therefore it is good for the comelinesse of the face to giue colour to it according to the saying of Horace Colorque stercore fucatus Crocodili A colour in-grained with the dung of a Crocodile and for this cause also is the verse of Ouid Nigrior ad pharij confugit picis opem That is The black Woman goeth to craue helpe of the Fish Pharius to become more beautifull for by the fish Pharius is vnderstood a Crocodile As some thinke eight graynes of this dung or rather the weight of eyght groates with halfe so much Mustard-seede and Vineger cureth the falling off of the haire Arnoldus doth prescribe a composition of the dung and Cantharides for the regenerating and bringing againe of haire that is decayed If a perfume hereof be made and infused by a Tunelli into the holes of Serpents it will driue them away by reason of the sharp and leauenish sauour thereof Tralianus maketh a medicine thereof for an Eye-salue against the whitenesse and bloud-shot-eyes It is good also against dimnesse and suffutions being annoynted with the iuyce of Leekes and to conclude it is drunk in sweetwine and Vineger against the falling sicknesse and also being applyed vnto women stirreth vp their monthly courses And thus much shall suffice for the story of the Crocodile OF THE DART AMong the diuers kindes of Serpents there is one of speciall note which the Graecians call Acontia The Latines Iaculares or Iaculi or Sagitta a Dart or Arrow The Graecians at this day Saetta The Turkes Orchilanne In Calabria and Sicilia Saettone and of the Germans Ein schossz oder angelsch lang The reason of this name is taken from his swift leaping vpon a man to wound and kill him and therfore the Poets say Iaculique volucres speaking of these kindes of Serpentes Albertus and Auicen also calleth them Cafezati and Cafezaci Altararat Acoran and Altinanti The manner of this Serpent is to get vp into trees or hedges and from thence to flie like an Arrow vpon the vpper partes of men and so to sting bite and kill them and of this kind it is thought that was which came vpon the hand of the Apostle Paule whereof the Poet writeth Ecce procul sauus sterilis robore tunci Torsit immisit Iaculum vocat Africa serpens Perque caput Pauli transactaque tempora fugit Nil ibi virus agit rapuit cum vulnere fatum Deprensum est quaefunda rotat quàm lenta volorent Quàm segnis Scythicae strideret arundinis aer In English thus Loe from a farre a cruell Serpent from an Oke Came flying like a Dart in Affrica the same A Dart is cald the head and Temples stroke Of Paule by winding spires to worke his bane But nothing could the poyson there auaile For with the wound he put away his death Faster then swiftest flye or

is to bee giuen is one dramme Another Take of the rootes of Capers the rootes of long Aristolochie or Hartwort Bay-berries rootes of Gentian of each a like quantity to bee taken in Wine or let him drinke Diassa with svveete strong Wine Comin and the seedes of Agnus Castus Another Take of the seedes of Nigella tenne drammes of Daucus and Comin-seedes of each alike fiue drammes seedes of wilde Rue and Cypres Nuttes of eyther three Drammes Spiknard Bay-berries round Astrologe Carpobalsamum Cynaomn the root of Gentian seeds of Trifolium Bituminosum and of Smallage-seede of either two drammes make a confection with Hony so much as is sufficient Giue the quantity of a Nut with old Wine Rhazes Out of Pliny Celsus and Scaliger IT is good to giue fiue Pismires to them that are bitten of any Phalangium or the seedes of Nigella Romana one dram or Mulberries with Hypocistis and Hony There is a secret vertue and hidden quality in the root of Parsely and of wilde Rue peculiarly against those hurts that Spiders infect by their venome The bloud of a Land-Tortoyce the iuyce of Origanum the roote of Behen Album Veruaine Cinquefoile all the sortes of Sengreene Cipres-roots the Iuie of Iuy roots being taken with some sweet Wine or water and Vineger mixed and boyled together are very speciall in this griefe Likewise two drams of Castoreum to prouoke vomiting being relented in some mulse Apollodorus one of the disciples of Democrates saith there is an herb called Crocides which if any Phalangium or other poisonous Spider do but touch presently they fal down dead and their poyson is so dulled and weakened as it can doe no hurt The leaues of the Bull-rush or Mat-rush which are next to the root being eaten are found to giue much help Pliny Take of Myrrhe of Vna Taminea which is the berry of the herb called Ampelos Agria being a kind of Bryony which windeth it selfe about trees and hedges like a vine of some called our Ladies seale of either alike and drink them in 3. quarters of a pinte of sod wine Item the rootes of Radish or of Darnell taken in Wine is very effectuall Celsus But the excellentest Antidote of all other is that which Scaliger describeth whom for his singular learning and deep conceit I may tearme Nostris orbis seculi ornamentum The forme whereof in this place I will prescribe you Take of the true and round Aristolochia of the best Mithredate of either one ounce Terra Sigillata halfe an ounce of those Flyes which are found to liue in the flower of the Herb called Napellus in number 18. iuyce of Citrons so much as is sufficient mixe them altogether For against this mischiefe of Spyders oragainst any other shrewd turnes grieuances or bytings of any Serpents whatsoeuer Are as yet neuer found out so effectuall a remedy or so notable an alexipharmacall Thus far Scaliger The iuyce of Apples being drunke and Endiue are the propper Bezoar against the venom of a Phalangie Petrus de Albano Thus much of inward now wil I proceed to generall outward medicaments and applications Fiue Spiders putrified in common Oyle applyed outwardly to the affected place are very good Ashes made of the dung of draught beasts tempered with vineger and vsed as an ointment or instead of vineger water and vineger boyled together and applyed as before are proued to be singuler Take of vineger 3. pints and a halfe Sulphur viuum two ounces mix them and foment bath or soke the wounded part with a Spunge dipped in the liquor or if the paine be a little asswaged with the fomentation then wash the place with a good quantity of Sea-water Some hold opinion that Achates which is a precious stone vvherein are represented diuers forms whereof some haue the nine masts some of Venus c. will heale all bitings of Phalangies and for this cause being brought out of India it is held at a very deere rate in this Country Pliny Ashes made of fig-tree-leaues adding to them some Salt and wine The roots of the wilde Panax being beaten to powder Aristolochie Barly Meale kneaded together and vvrought vp with vineger Water with hony and salt applyed outwardly for a fomentation The decoction of the herb Balme or the leaues of it being brought to the forme of a Pultes and applyed but we must not forget to vse warme bathes and sometimes to the place agrieued Pliny Cut the vaines that appeare vnder the tongue rubbing and chafing the swelled places with Salt and good store of Vineger then cause the patient to sweat carefully warily for feare of cold Vigetius Theophrastus saith that practitiones do highly commend the root of Panax Chironia Moysten the wound with Oile Garlike bruised Knot-grasse or Barly-meale and Bay-leaues with wine or with the dregs or Lees of wine or wilde Rue applyed in manner of a Cataplasme to the wounded place Nonus Take of Sulphur Vivum Galbanum of each alike 4. drams and a halfe of Euforbium halfe a dram Hasell-nuts excorticated two drams dissolue them and with wine make towardes the curation Flyes beaten to powder and applyed vpon the place affected The fish called a Barble cureth the bitings of any venomous Spider if being raw it be slit asunder in the middest and so applyed as Galen saith Annoint the whole body with a liquid Cerote and foment the place affected with Oyle wherein Trifolium Bituminosum hath beene infused or bath it often with Spongies soked in warme Vineger then prepare make ready cataplasmes of these Ingredients following that is of Knot-grasse Scala Caeli called Salomons-seale Leekes Cheesill or Branne decocted in Vineger Barley-Meale and Bay-berries and the leaues boyled in Wine and Hony Some doe also make Cataplasmes of Rue or herb-grace Goats dung tempered with wine Cypres Margerom and wilde Rue with Vineger An emplaster of Asclepiades Take of the seedes of wilde Rue and Rocket-seeds Stauesackre Rosemary-seedes Agnus-Castus Apples and Nuts or in stead of these two of the leaues of the Cipres-tree of each alike beate and temper them altogether with vineger hony Aetius Apply the decoction of Lupines vpon the affected place the eschar being first remoued then annoint it in the warme Sun-shine or against the fire with the fat of a Goose tempered with wilde Rue and Oyle or else of the pap of Barly and the broth of Lupines make a cataplasme Oribasius The Filberd-Nut that groweth in India healeth the bytings of the Phalangies Auicenna Goates dung dissolued with other conuenient Cataplasmes and Oyle of Worme-wood and the iuyce of Figs helpeth much Kiranides Apply oftentimes a cold peece of iron to the place Petrus de Albano Foment the place very often with the iuyce of the Herbe Plantine Hildegardis The artificiall Oyle of Balme is singular Euonimus A fomentation made of the leaues and stalkes of Imperatoria called Master-wort and continued a good space or else Veruaine bruised and stamped the iuyce being taken in wine and