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be_v in_o the_o summer_n yet_o be_v it_o some_o hundred_o thousand_o of_o mile_n near_o to_o the_o sun_n in_o winter_n than_o in_o summer_n if_o he_o please_v to_o consult_v the_o astronomer_n they_o can_v demonstrate_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o to_o he_o i_o beg_v mr._n warren_n pardon_n for_o bring_v he_o into_o this_o place_n i_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v favourable_a to_o he_o he_o be_v one_o of_o my_o associate_n against_o dr._n burnet_n but_o i_o be_v willing_a to_o produce_v he_o as_o a_o instance_n to_o show_v how_o unfit_a a_o man_n who_o understand_v no_o geometry_n be_v to_o write_v a_o book_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o theory_n i_o can_v but_o acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v never_o any_o book_n of_o philosophy_n write_v with_o a_o more_o lofty_a and_o plausible_a stile_n than_o it_o be_v the_o noble_a and_o
writer_n of_o hydrostaticks_n that_o a_o sphere_n who_o centre_n of_o gravity_n be_v the_o same_o with_o its_o centre_n of_o magnitude_n if_o put_v in_o a_o fluid_fw-la of_o the_o same_o specific_a gravity_n with_o itself_o will_v retain_v any_o give_a position_n and_o therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o reason_n draw_v from_o the_o earth_n gravity_n or_o equilibration_n why_o the_o position_n of_o its_o axis_fw-la shall_v be_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o plane_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a rather_o than_o any_o other_o of_o its_o diameter_n chap._n v._o of_o river_n the_o theorist_n have_v represent_v to_o we_o the_o first_o earth_n as_o a_o smooth_a regular_a and_o uniform_a body_n without_o mountain_n and_o without_o a_o sea_n in_o the_o 5_o chap._n of_o his_o second_o book_n he_o start_v a_o great_a difficulty_n how_o it_o be_v water_v from_o what_o cause_n and_o in_o what_o manner_n how_o can_v fountain_n rise_v or_o river_n flow_v in_o a_o earth_n of_o that_o form_n and_o nature_n he_o have_v shut_v up_o the_o sea_n with_o thick_a wall_n on_o every_o side_n and_o take_v away_o all_o communication_n that_o can_v be_v betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o external_a earth_n he_o have_v remove_v all_o the_o hill_n and_o mountain_n where_o the_o spring_n use_v to_o rise_v and_o whence_o the_o river_n descend_v to_o water_v the_o face_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o last_o he_o have_v leave_v no_o issue_n for_o these_o river_n no_o ocean_n to_o receive_v they_o or_o any_o place_n to_o disburden_v themselves_o into_o so_o that_o his_o new_a find_v world_n be_v like_a to_o be_v a_o dry_a and_o barren_a wilderness_n and_o so_o far_o from_o be_v paradisaical_a that_o it_o will_v scarce_o be_v habitable_a these_o indeed_o be_v great_a difficulty_n and_o the_o theorist_n have_v acknowledge_v they_o to_o be_v such_o for_o he_o say_v there_o be_v nothing_o in_o his_o whole_a theory_n that_o give_v so_o rude_a a_o stop_n to_o his_o thought_n as_o that_o part_n of_o it_o concern_v the_o river_n of_o the_o first_o earth_n but_o as_o the_o difficulty_n be_v great_a and_o as_o one_o will_v think_v insuperable_a so_o no_o doubt_n the_o glory_n that_o redound_v to_o the_o theorist_n must_v be_v nothing_o less_o if_o they_o be_v clear_o take_v away_o to_o understand_v therefore_o what_o the_o state_n of_o the_o primitive_a river_n and_o water_n will_v be_v he_o find_v it_o necessary_a to_o consider_v and_o examine_v how_o the_o rain_n fall_v in_o the_o first_o earth_n and_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o order_n of_o nature_n in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o a_o will_v be_v very_o different_a from_o what_o it_o be_v now_o there_o can_v be_v no_o violent_a motion_n there_o nor_o any_o thing_n that_o proceed_v from_o extremity_n of_o cold_a as_o ice_n snow_n or_o hail_n and_o as_o for_o wind_n they_o can_v neither_o be_v impetuous_a nor_o irregular_a in_o that_o earth_n of_o he_o see_v there_o be_v no_o mountain_n nor_o any_o other_o inequality_n to_o obstruct_v the_o course_n of_o the_o vapour_n nor_o any_o unequal_a season_n nor_o unequal_a action_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o as_o for_o water_n meteor_n dew_n and_o rain_n there_o can_v not_o but_o be_v plenty_n of_o these_o in_o some_o part_n or_o other_o of_o that_o earth_n for_o the_o action_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o raise_v vapour_n be_v very_o strong_a and_o very_o constant_a and_o the_o earth_n be_v at_o first_o moist_a and_o soft_a and_o according_a as_o it_o grow_v more_o dry_a the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n will_v pierce_v more_o deep_a into_o it_o and_o reach_v at_o length_n the_o great_a abyss_n which_o lie_v underneath_o and_o be_v a_o unexhausted_a storehouse_n of_o new_a vapour_n now_o the_o same_o heat_n which_o extract_v these_o vapour_n so_o copious_o will_v also_o hinder_v they_o from_o condense_v into_o rain_n in_o the_o warm_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o there_o be_v no_o mountain_n or_o contrary_a wind_n or_o any_o such_o cause_n to_o stop_v or_o compress_v they_o they_o will_v take_v their_o course_n where_o they_o be_v least_o resist_v which_o be_v towards_o the_o pole_n and_o the_o cold_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o east_n and_o west_n they_o will_v meet_v with_o as_o warm_v a_o air_n and_o vapour_n as_o much_o agitate_a as_o themselves_o which_o therefore_o will_v not_o yield_v to_o their_o progress_n that_o way_n but_o north_n and_o south_n they_o will_v find_v a_o more_o easy_a passage_n so_o that_o the_o concourse_n of_o vapour_n which_o be_v raise_v chiefty_a about_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o middle_a part_n of_o it_o will_v be_v towards_o the_o extreme_a part_n or_o the_o pole_n when_o these_o vapour_n thus_o drive_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v arrive_v in_o the_o cool_a region_n near_o the_o pole_n they_o will_v be_v condense_v into_o rain_n for_o want_v there_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o agitation_n namely_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n their_o motion_n will_v soon_o begin_v to_o languish_v and_o they_o will_v fall_v close_o to_o one_o another_o in_o the_o form_n of_o water_n thus_o he_o think_v he_o have_v find_v a_o sufficient_a source_n for_o water_n in_o the_o first_o earth_n which_o will_v never_o fail_v neither_o diminish_v nor_o overflow_v but_o though_o he_o esteem_v this_o a_o inexhaustible_a store-house_n and_o a_o easy_a way_n to_o furnish_v water_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v narrow_o examine_v he_o will_v find_v it_o not_o in_o the_o least_o sufficient_a for_o such_o a_o effect_n for_o first_o according_a to_o his_o own_o hypothesis_n there_o can_v be_v no_o river_n for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o the_o formation_n of_o the_o earth_n till_o the_o sun_n have_v crack_v the_o outward_a crust_n thereof_o and_o its_o heat_n have_v reach_v the_o great_a abyss_n which_o the_o theorist_n must_v needs_o own_o will_v require_v a_o very_a considerable_a space_n of_o time_n one_o will_v think_v it_o will_v be_v several_a hundred_o of_o year_n before_o the_o sun_n heat_n can_v perform_v such_o a_o effect_n during_o all_o which_o time_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n must_v be_v without_o water_n and_o river_n and_o lead_v very_o sad_a and_o uncomfortable_a life_n be_v this_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o golden_a age_n or_o be_v this_o consistent_a with_o the_o happiness_n of_o the_o antediluvian_a father_n in_o my_o opinion_n it_o be_v direct_o contrary_a to_o the_o scripture_n for_o they_o give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o river_n immediate_o after_o the_o formation_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o 2_o dly_a i_o will_v hereafter_o prove_v that_o the_o sun_n beam_n do_v never_o yet_o reach_v so_o deep_a in_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o first_o crustation_n must_v have_v be_v and_o consequent_o there_o never_o can_v arise_v any_o vapour_n from_o the_o abyss_n to_o furnish_v the_o river_n 3_o dly_z suppose_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o have_v crack_v the_o crust_n and_o to_o have_v raise_v vapour_n from_o the_o abyss_n yet_o it_o be_v certain_a it_o can_v not_o do_v it_o in_o such_o a_o quantity_n as_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o furnish_v the_o earth_n with_o water_n and_o now_o the_o theorist_n will_v tell_v we_o what_o can_v be_v more_o sufficient_a than_o the_o whole_a orb_n of_o water_n sure_o this_o will_v do_v or_o else_o nothing_o can_v this_o he_o will_v say_v be_v a_o inexhaustible_a treasure_n that_o the_o river_n can_v never_o drain_v and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o fear_n of_o want_n of_o water_n from_o thence_o yes_o there_o be_v reason_n to_o fear_v it_o very_o much_o for_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v enough_o in_o the_o abyss_n yet_o perhaps_o the_o action_n of_o the_o sun_n will_v not_o raise_v so_o much_o as_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o water_v the_o earth_n so_o there_o may_v be_v enough_o of_o gold_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o if_o we_o can_v come_v at_o it_o we_o shall_v never_o be_v the_o rich_a for_o it_o that_o i_o may_v examine_v this_o i_o will_v suppose_v that_o the_o mouth_n of_o these_o crack_n which_o the_o sun_n be_v say_v to_o have_v make_v by_o its_o heat_n to_o be_v a_o 1_o 10000_o part_n of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n this_o will_v exceed_v 2600_o square_a mile_n which_o i_o think_v be_v as_o much_o as_o the_o theorist_n can_v reasonable_o allow_v they_o for_o if_o it_o be_v but_o one_o continue_a crack_n round_o the_o equator_fw-la of_o a_o mile_n breadth_n it_o will_v not_o exceed_v 25000._o mile_n 2_o dly_z i_o will_v suppose_v with_o the_o theorist_n that_o one_o half_a of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o present_a earth_n be_v land_n and_o the_o other_o be_v sea_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o mouth_n of_o those_o pit_n or_o crack_n must_v be_v one_o five_o thousand_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a of_o the_o now_o ocean_n now_o it_o be_v evident_a
reason_n that_o i_o can_v be_v induce_v to_o believe_v mr._n whistons_n hypothesis_n that_o the_o earth_n have_v no_o diurnal_a rotation_n before_o the_o fall_n to_o be_v probable_a it_o seem_v to_o be_v far_o more_o agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o philosophy_n that_o the_o earth_n receive_v both_o its_o annual_a and_o diurnal_a motion_n at_o the_o same_o time_n viz._n when_o it_o be_v first_o create_v these_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o principle_n remark_n that_o i_o have_v make_v on_o the_o original_a state_n and_o formation_n of_o the_o earth_n i_o will_v now_o brief_o consider_v his_o theory_n of_o the_o deluge_n which_o be_v in_o short_a thus_o he_o suppose_v that_o a_o comet_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n come_v very_o near_o and_o pass_v by_o the_o earth_n that_o the_o comet_n when_o it_o come_v below_o the_o moon_n will_v raise_v a_o vast_a and_o strong_a tide_n both_o in_o the_o sea_n that_o be_v then_o on_o the_o surface_n and_o in_o the_o abyss_n which_o be_v under_o the_o upper_a crust_n of_o the_o earth_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o moon_n do_v at_o present_a in_o the_o ocean_n that_o this_o tide_n will_v begin_v to_o rise_v and_o increase_v all_o the_o time_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o comet_n &_o will_v be_v at_o its_o great_a height_n when_o the_o comet_n be_v at_o its_o least_o distance_n from_o the_o earth_n by_o this_o tide_n and_o the_o attraction_n of_o the_o comet_n he_o suppose_v that_o the_o abyss_n will_v put_v on_o a_o elliptic_a or_o rather_o a_o exact_o oval_a figure_n who_o surface_n be_v much_o large_a than_o the_o former_a spherical_a one_o the_o exterior_a crust_n of_o earth_n which_o lie_v upon_o it_o must_v conform_v itself_o to_o the_o same_o figure_n which_o it_o can_v not_o do_v as_o long_o as_o it_o remain_v solid_a and_o conjoin_v and_o therefore_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n by_o the_o violent_a force_n of_o the_o tide_n be_v stretch_v and_o break_v and_o have_v innumerable_a fissure_v make_v quite_o through_o it_o after_o this_o he_o suppose_v that_o the_o comet_n in_o its_o descent_n towards_o the_o sun_n pass_v close_o by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n involve_v it_o in_o its_o atmosphere_n and_o tail_n for_o a_o considerable_a time_n and_o leave_v prodigious_a quantity_n of_o condense_a and_o expanded_a vapour_n on_o its_o surface_n a_o great_a part_n of_o which_o be_v very_o much_o rarify_v after_o their_o primary_n fall_v will_v be_v immediate_o draw_v up_o into_o the_o air_n again_o and_o afterward_o descend_v in_o violent_a and_o outrageous_a rain_n upon_o the_o earth_n and_o will_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o forty_o day_n rain_n mention_v in_o scripture_n the_o other_o great_a rain_n which_o together_o with_o the_o former_a last_v a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o day_n be_v occasion_v as_o he_o think_v by_o the_o earth_n be_v involve_v a_o second_o time_n in_o the_o comet_n tail_n from_o which_o and_o from_o its_o atmosphere_n he_o derive_v one_o half_a of_o the_o water_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o deluge_n the_o other_o half_o he_o suppose_v be_v deduce_v from_o the_o subterraneous_a abyss_n the_o fluid_a whereof_o he_o say_v be_v force_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o vast_a and_o prodigious_a pressure_n of_o the_o incumbent_a water_n that_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o comet_n atmosphere_n and_o tail_n which_o he_o suppose_v will_v press_v downward_o with_o a_o mighty_a force_n and_o endeavour_v to_o sink_v the_o outward_a crust_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o the_o abyss_n by_o which_o vast_a quantity_n of_o the_o subterraneous_a fluid_n will_v be_v force_v and_o raise_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n through_o the_o crack_n and_o fissure_v that_o be_v make_v in_o the_o crust_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o tide_n in_o the_o abyss_n by_o these_o method_n mr._n whiston_n suppose_v that_o there_o be_v water_n enough_o bring_v on_o the_o surface_n to_o cover_v the_o face_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n for_o the_o perpendicular_a height_n of_o three_o mile_n that_o be_v above_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n but_o he_o further_o suppose_v that_o neither_o that_o water_n which_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o comet_n nor_o that_o which_o be_v force_v up_o from_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v pure_a elementary_a water_n but_o rather_o a_o thick_a and_o muddy_a fluid_n which_o he_o say_v be_v heavy_a than_o water_n sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o cover_v the_o earth_n for_o the_o depth_n of_o 166_o foot_n after_o have_v thus_o form_v the_o deluge_n his_o next_o great_a work_n be_v to_o remove_v these_o water_n which_o be_v bring_v on_o the_o earth_n and_o this_o he_o suppose_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o a_o wind_n which_o dry_v up_o some_o and_o force_v the_o rest_n through_o the_o crack_n and_o fissure_v of_o the_o earth_n into_o the_o abyss_n in_o which_o a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o have_v be_v before_o and_o from_o whence_o they_o be_v derive_v these_o be_v the_o supposition_n by_o which_o mr._n whiston_n pretend_v to_o account_v for_o all_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o the_o deluge_n but_o though_o i_o can_v easy_o allow_v the_o first_o hypothesis_n to_o be_v true_a viz._n that_o a_o comet_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n come_v very_o near_o and_o pass_v by_o the_o earth_n since_o its_o approach_n at_o that_o time_n be_v not_o only_o make_v possible_a but_o also_o very_o probable_a by_o he_o yet_o i_o can_v admit_v of_o the_o particular_a explication_n he_o have_v give_v of_o several_a of_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o the_o deluge_n a_o great_a many_o of_o they_o as_o he_o have_v explain_v they_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o way_n agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o mechanic_n and_o philosophy_n for_o first_o though_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o a_o comet_n when_o it_o pass_v by_o the_o earth_n will_v raise_v a_o very_a strong_a and_o prodigious_a tide_n in_o the_o sea_n that_o be_v then_o on_o the_o surface_n yet_o i_o can_v perceive_v that_o such_o a_o effect_n will_v be_v produce_v in_o the_o abyss_n which_o he_o suppose_v to_o be_v a_o dense_n and_o heavy_a fluid_n encompass_v on_o all_o side_n with_o a_o thick_a and_o solid_a crust_n of_o earth_n lie_v close_o upon_o it_o for_o tide_n be_v only_o a_o violent_a swell_a and_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n produce_v by_o the_o attraction_n of_o some_o great_a body_n that_o come_v near_o they_o if_o we_o shall_v suppose_v that_o the_o water_n be_v every_o where_o shut_v up_o within_o a_o solid_a orb_n lie_v on_o they_o so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o room_n or_o space_n leave_v for_o they_o to_o move_v in_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o in_o such_o a_o case_n there_o can_v be_v no_o tide_n or_o agitation_n of_o the_o water_n but_o they_o will_v remain_v in_o the_o state_n they_o be_v in_o before_o nor_o can_v they_o press_v strong_a on_o that_o orb_n which_o enclose_v they_o than_o sand_n gravel_n or_o any_o other_o firm_a and_o hard_a body_n will_v do_v that_o can_v fill_v their_o place_n all_o body_n whether_o firm_a or_o fluid_a be_v equal_o attract_v when_o the_o attract_v body_n be_v at_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o they_o this_o be_v then_o the_o true_a case_n of_o the_o abyss_n which_o mr._n whiston_n suppose_v to_o be_v enclose_v by_o the_o thick_a solid_a and_o upper_a crust_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o press_v so_o close_o upon_o it_o as_o to_o leave_v no_o void_a space_n at_o least_o not_o such_o a_o one_o as_o will_v make_v room_n enough_o for_o any_o considerable_a commotion_n of_o the_o water_n and_o because_o fluid_n be_v not_o more_o attract_v than_o solid_n be_v it_o be_v plain_a that_o by_o the_o tide_n of_o the_o abyss_n and_o the_o attraction_n of_o the_o comet_n there_o can_v never_o be_v produce_v any_o great_a effect_n on_o the_o crust_n which_o encompass_v the_o subterraneous_a fluid_n than_o if_o the_o whole_a earth_n have_v consist_v of_o firm_a and_o solid_a matter_n without_o any_o abyss_n it_o be_v certain_a therefore_o that_o since_o there_o be_v no_o tide_n in_o the_o abyss_n there_o can_v be_v no_o crack_n and_o fissure_v make_v in_o the_o earth_n by_o it_o to_o explain_v the_o great_a rain_n which_o fall_v on_o the_o earth_n during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n mr._n whiston_n assume_v a_o proposition_n which_o i_o believe_v he_o can_v hardly_o prove_v viz._n that_o after_o the_o earth_n be_v involve_v in_o the_o comet_n be_v atmosphere_n and_o tail_n and_o have_v acquire_v a_o prodigious_a quantity_n of_o condense_a and_o expanded_a vapour_n that_o fall_v on_o its_o surface_n a_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v much_o rarify_v will_v be_v draw_v up_o again_o into_o the_o air_n and_o afterward_o descend_v in_o violent_a and_o outrageous_a rain_n now_o if_o we_o consider_v