treasury_n 40_o million_o of_o crown_n have_v give_v at_o one_o time_n unto_o paul_n consul_n 900_o thousand_o crown_n for_o to_o hold_v silence_n and_o unto_o curion_n tribune_n 1500_o thousand_o crown_n to_o take_v his_o part_n mark_v antony_n go_v further_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o which_o plutarch_n and_o appian_n have_v write_v for_o he_o give_v unto_o his_o army_n for_o their_o service_n do_v 200_o thousand_o talent_n be_v 120_o million_o of_o crown_n which_o be_v to_o be_v credit_v see_v that_o the_o emperor_n adrian_n for_o to_o have_v the_o goodwill_n of_o 40_o legion_n give_v ten_o million_o of_o crown_n so_o that_o we_o may_v here_o see_v abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n at_o rome_n but_o it_o do_v not_o last_v ever_o for_o in_o less_o than_o 300_o year_n the_o parth_n goth_n hercules_n honger_n and_o other_o cruel_a nation_n do_v overcome_v the_o empire_n &_o all_o italy_n and_o overcome_v the_o roman_n burn_v their_o city_n and_o take_v the_o spoil_n of_o they_o the_o like_a do_v happen_v unto_o all_o commonweal_n to_o wax_v and_o increase_v by_o little_a and_o little_a and_o to_o flourish_v for_o a_o time_n in_o wealth_n and_o power_n and_o afterward_o to_o grow_v old_a and_o decline_v until_o they_o be_v utter_o ruinate_v and_o destroy_v come_v to_o the_o last_o cause_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n by_o the_o alteration_n of_o money_n he_o show_v how_o master_n malestroit_n have_v mistake_v the_o matter_n in_o the_o money_n themselves_o make_v within_o 300_o year_n for_o whereas_o he_o say_v that_o s._n lewis_n cause_v the_o first_o sol_n to_o be_v coin_a worth_n twelve_o denier_n whereof_o 64_o piece_n go_v to_o the_o mark_n and_o that_o in_o philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n his_o time_n the_o crown_n of_o the_o flower-de-luce_n without_o number_n &_o as_o good_a as_o the_o crown_n now_o be_v value_v but_o 20_o sol_n and_o that_o afterward_o king_n john_n cause_v the_o frank_v to_o be_v make_v of_o fine_a gold_n which_o be_v but_o value_v 20_o sol_n and_o that_o the_o sol_n of_o silver_n of_o that_o time_n be_v worth_a five_o of_o our_o sol_n he_o do_v not_o say_v of_o what_o weight_n or_o fineness_n the_o money_n be_v in_o those_o day_n and_o touch_v the_o last_o point_n he_o do_v contradict_v himself_o for_o he_o do_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o old_a crown_n weigh_v three_o penny_n weight_n be_v no_o more_o worth_a than_o 60_o of_o our_o sol_n so_o that_o the_o ancient_a sol_n of_o fine_a silver_n can_v be_v worth_a but_o three_o of_o they_o and_o yet_o the_o frank_n of_o gold_n do_v weigh_v less_o by_o four_o grain_n then_o the_o old_a crown_n and_o be_v no_o better_o in_o fineness_n then_o the_o other_o and_o by_o the_o proclamation_n of_o the_o year_n 1561_o the_o old_a crown_n be_v value_v at_o 60_o sol_n and_o the_o frank_a at_o 50_o sol_n which_o if_o his_o proposition_n be_v true_a and_o that_o it_o be_v five_o sol_n for_o one_o then_o will_v the_o old_a crown_n be_v by_o this_o proportion_n value_v at_o 100_o sol_n and_o the_o frank_a at_o 90_o sol_n and_o if_o master_n malestroit_n say_v he_o do_v take_v his_o comparison_n of_o the_o alteration_n of_o money_n at_o some_o one_o time_n in_o any_o such_o year_n when_o money_n have_v be_v embase_v that_o be_v no_o consequence_n at_o all_o for_o within_o the_o abovesaid_a time_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o money_n be_v once_o so_o base_a in_o allay_n that_o one_o of_o our_o sol_n be_v worth_a 5_o of_o those_o which_o be_v then_o and_o then_o he_o show_v how_o all_o thing_n be_v rate_v for_o their_o custom_n and_o how_o use_v within_o fifty_o or_o sixty_o year_n conclude_v that_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n notwithstanding_o his_o former_a allegation_n be_v not_o alter_v by_o the_o valuation_n of_o money_n but_o well_o that_o thing_n be_v grow_v dear_a contrary_a to_o the_o first_o paradox_n of_o master_n malestroit_n and_o that_o be_v the_o first_o point_n which_o he_o be_v to_o prove_v &_o the_o second_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o dearth_n as_o we_o have_v brief_o rehearse_v but_o forasmuch_o say_v he_o as_o some_o great_a personage_n do_v labour_n by_o word_n and_o write_n that_o the_o trade_n shall_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o that_o no_o commodity_n shall_v be_v transport_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n make_v account_n that_o we_o can_v live_v peaceable_o within_o ourselves_o and_o very_o good_a cheap_a without_o give_v or_o receive_v any_o thing_n of_o other_o nation_n he_o do_v reprehend_v they_o and_o show_v that_o they_o have_v need_n of_o the_o stranger_n and_o most_o especial_o of_o the_o traffic_n with_o they_o insomuch_o that_o although_o they_o can_v live_v without_o they_o in_o regard_n of_o commodity_n yet_o charity_n and_o humanity_n will_v we_o to_o maintain_v friendship_n with_o our_o neighbour_n and_o rather_o to_o give_v they_o part_v of_o our_o blessing_n than_o not_o to_o deal_v or_o to_o communicate_v with_o they_o wherein_o the_o roman_n be_v much_o to_o blame_v who_o have_v extend_v their_o power_n from_o the_o west_n unto_o the_o east_n do_v refuse_v to_o take_v under_o their_o government_n some_o nation_n because_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v have_v of_o they_o whereas_o the_o great_a gift_n of_o honour_n that_o god_n give_v unto_o man_n be_v to_o give_v he_o the_o majesty_n to_o command_v and_o to_o do_v justice_n especial_o to_o the_o poor_a not_o be_v instruct_v but_o if_o this_o lesson_n do_v not_o please_v man_n of_o this_o humour_n god_n have_v so_o bestow_v and_o divide_v his_o grace_n and_o blessing_n that_o there_o be_v no_o country_n in_o all_o the_o world_n so_o fruitful_a but_o have_v need_n of_o diverse_a thing_n whereby_o he_o hold_v all_o the_o subject_n of_o his_o commonwealth_n in_o friendship_n or_o at_o the_o least_o do_v hinder_v they_o to_o make_v long_a war_n one_o with_o another_o and_o so_o he_o proceed_v to_o show_v some_o remedy_n to_o the_o cause_n aforesaid_a the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n now_o adays_o more_o than_o in_o time_n past_a must_v partly_o excuse_v the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n say_v he_o add_v further_o touch_v monopoly_n and_o the_o waist_n of_o thing_n that_o in_o vain_a be_v good_a law_n make_v if_o they_o be_v not_o execute_v especial_o if_o the_o king_n do_v not_o cause_v the_o courtier_n to_o observe_v they_o who_o the_o common_a people_n do_v imitate_v whereby_o also_o many_o superfluous_a thing_n may_v be_v avoid_v and_o not_o bring_v into_o the_o realm_n as_o be_v do_v by_o italian_n with_o perfume_n counterfeit_a stone_n and_o such_o trifle_n concern_v the_o excessive_a trade_n of_o some_o commodity_n he_o declare_v that_o as_o the_o thing_n transport_v cause_v the_o like_a to_o grow_v dear_a by_o the_o exportation_n so_o the_o thing_n import_v become_v the_o better_a cheap_a whereof_o he_o except_v the_o trade_n of_o corn_n which_o be_v to_o be_v govern_v more_o wise_o for_o they_o have_v have_v intolerable_a famine_n for_o want_n of_o such_o a_o due_a care_n as_o joseph_n have_v in_o egypt_n the_o mean_a to_o prevent_v the_o same_o be_v to_o have_v many_o public_a storehouse_n in_o several_a place_n make_v provision_n of_o corn_n yearly_a by_o sell_v the_o old_a and_o provide_v new_a in_o place_n touch_v the_o opinion_n of_o those_o that_o will_v have_v the_o vine_n take_v up_o and_o corn_n sow_v in_o the_o place_n or_o at_o the_o least_o to_o command_v that_o no_o vine_n shall_v be_v plant_v hereafter_o the_o husbandman_n do_v with_o reason_n laugh_v they_o to_o scorn_v for_o god_n himself_o do_v so_o direct_a and_o dispose_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n that_o all_o shall_v not_o be_v for_o corn_n or_o all_o wine_n see_v the_o one_o have_v need_n of_o a_o fat_a and_o the_o other_o of_o a_o stony_a ground_n and_o if_o the_o vine_n be_v pull_v up_o we_o shall_v say_v he_o deprive_v france_n of_o one_o of_o the_o great_a riches_n of_o the_o land_n but_o there_o be_v a_o mean_v propound_v by_o those_o that_o have_v understanding_n in_o matter_n of_o impost_n which_o will_v very_o much_o enrich_v the_o realm_n and_o relieve_v the_o common-people_n which_o be_v to_o lay_v part_n of_o the_o ordinary_a charge_n upon_o corn_n wine_n salt_n wood_n linen_n cloth_n and_o draperie_n and_o most_o especial_o upon_o wine_n salt_n and_o corn_n which_o be_v three_o element_n whereupon_o next_o under_o god_n the_o life_n of_o the_o stranger_n depend_v and_o which_o can_v never_o fail_v the_o mine_n of_o the_o north_n and_o of_o the_o indies_n be_v exhaust_v in_o a_o short_a time_n and_o the_o metal_n can_v grow_v again_o but_o our_o spring_n of_o corn_n salt_n &_o wine_n be_v not_o to_o be_v draw_v out_o and_o howsoever_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n do_v hinder_v they_o to_o
england_n view_n in_o the_o unmask_n of_o two_o paradox_n with_o a_o replication_n unto_o the_o answer_n of_o master_n john_n bodine_n by_o gerrard_n de_fw-fr malynes_n merchant_n opposita_fw-la iuxta_fw-la se_fw-la posita_fw-la magis_fw-la apparent_a anchora_fw-la spei_fw-la london_n print_v by_o richard_n field_n 1603._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a sir_n thomas_n sackuile_n baron_n of_o buckhurst_n lord_n high_a treasurer_n of_o england_n knight_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n and_o one_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o her_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n g._n de_fw-fr m._n wish_v all_o health_n increase_n of_o honour_n and_o everlasting_a happiness_n these_o two_o paradox_n right_a honourable_a have_v be_v present_v unto_o the_o french_a king_n as_o a_o mean_a to_o qualify_v the_o general_a complaint_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n in_o france_n by_o prove_v that_o nothing_o be_v grow_v dear_a in_o three_o hundred_o year_n be_v answer_v by_o the_o famous_a m._n john_n bodine_n who_o dedicate_v his_o answer_n unto_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n of_o france_n as_o a_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n and_o considerable_a in_o the_o government_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n hence_o proceed_v that_o resolution_n which_o embolden_v i_o to_o present_v unto_o your_o lordship_n the_o substance_n of_o both_o their_o write_n with_o all_o their_o argument_n and_o propound_a remedy_n to_o the_o end_n that_o in_o the_o balance_n of_o your_o grave_a wisdom_n they_o may_v be_v weigh_v with_o my_o replication_n thereunto_o show_v how_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v of_o for_o the_o good_a of_o a_o commonwealth_n your_o honour_n judgement_n shall_v easy_o perceive_v that_o the_o paradox_n be_v opposite_a and_o do_v contradict_v one_o another_o beside_o the_o slender_a and_o weak_a ground_n of_o their_o foundation_n as_o also_o that_o master_n bodine_n have_v mistake_v the_o true_a ground_n of_o the_o matter_n by_o compare_v the_o price_n of_o thing_n within_o themselves_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n whereas_o the_o comparison_n must_v be_v between_o the_o home_n commodity_n of_o one_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n of_o other_o nation_n and_o that_o either_o by_o way_n of_o permutation_n of_o commodity_n for_o commodity_n or_o by_o commodity_n for_o money_n in_o specie_fw-la or_o by_o exchange_n so_o that_o a_o due_a consideration_n must_v be_v have_v of_o the_o course_n of_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n which_o be_v the_o essential_a part_n of_o all_o trade_n and_o traffic_v wherein_o must_v be_v consider_v the_o end_n of_o all_o merchant_n which_o be_v gaine_n and_o profit_n at_o which_o scope_n they_o aim_v according_a to_o their_o profession_n and_o practice_n some_o by_o commodity_n some_o by_o money_n some_o by_o exchange_n some_o by_o all_o three_o or_o that_o which_o yield_v they_o most_o gain_v for_o as_o money_n do_v rule_v the_o course_n of_o commodity_n so_o the_o exchange_n for_o money_n do_v both_o rule_n the_o course_n of_o money_n and_o commodity_n by_o the_o disorder_n whereof_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o riches_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n do_v so_o much_o decrease_v as_o it_o be_v not_o always_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o wise_a that_o have_v the_o manage_n of_o the_o government_n thereof_o to_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o best_a and_o to_o banish_v the_o worst_a but_o must_v not_o only_o obey_v the_o tempest_n and_o strike_v sail_n but_o also_o cast_v over_o board_n some_o precious_a thing_n to_o save_v the_o ship_n and_o bring_v it_o into_o a_o safe_a port_n and_o afterward_o by_o degree_n overcome_v great_a thing_n change_v the_o estate_n thereof_o from_o evil_a to_o good_a and_o from_o good_a to_o better_v which_o otherwise_o may_v have_v be_v prevent_v in_o the_o begin_n by_o remove_v the_o cause_n thereof_o to_o your_o most_o honourable_a judgement_n i_o refer_v the_o consideration_n of_o all_o and_o pray_v the_o almighty_a to_o have_v your_o honour_n in_o his_o divine_a protection_n and_o so_o in_o all_o humility_n i_o take_v leave_n london_n this_o 16._o of_o januarie_n 1603._o your_o lordship_n most_o humble_a and_o in_o all_o duty_n bind_v gerrard_n de_fw-fr malynes_n england_n view_n a_o sentence_n allege_v without_o application_n to_o some_o purpose_n be_v to_o handle_v a_o matter_n without_o conclusion_n and_o he_o that_o will_v attribute_v unto_o any_o man_n the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o essential_a part_n ground_n or_o pillar_n of_o any_o science_n must_v make_v apparent_a proof_n thereof_o otherwise_o his_o assertion_n be_v like_a cloud_n and_o wind_n without_o rain_n or_o like_o a_o arrow_n shoot_v at_o random_n quòd_fw-la oportet_fw-la patremfamilias_a vendacem_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la emacem_fw-la be_v a_o worthy_a sentence_n to_o be_v due_o execute_v of_o all_o good_a householder_n or_o father_n of_o family_n especial_o of_o prince_n that_o be_v the_o father_n of_o the_o great_a family_n of_o commonweal_n who_o as_o justinian_n say_v be_v to_o provide_v careful_o for_o the_o two_o season_n namely_o the_o time_n of_o war_n when_o arm_n be_v necessary_a and_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n more_o fit_v wholesome_a law_n in_o both_o which_o it_o can_v proper_o be_v say_v that_o the_o office_n of_o a_o prince_n be_v whole_o employ_v about_o the_o government_n of_o the_o person_n of_o man_n and_o of_o thing_n convenient_a and_o fit_a for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o humane_a society_n according_a to_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o heathen_n but_o rather_o in_o the_o observation_n of_o religion_n towards_o god_n and_o administration_n of_o justice_n towards_o man_n the_o one_o teach_v we_o especial_o of_o the_o life_n to_o come_v &_o the_o other_o how_o we_o shall_v live_v in_o this_o life_n religion_n do_v knit_v and_o unite_v the_o spirit_n of_o man_n whereby_o they_o live_v obedient_o in_o unity_n peace_n and_o concord_n and_o justice_n be_v as_o a_o measure_n ordain_v by_o god_n among_o man_n to_o defend_v the_o feeble_a from_o the_o mighty_a hence_o proceed_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o sedition_n and_o civil_a war_n be_v the_o denial_n of_o justice_n oppression_n of_o the_o common-people_n inequal_a distribution_n of_o reward_n and_o punishment_n the_o exceed_a riches_n of_o a_o small_a number_n the_o extreme_a poverty_n of_o many_o the_o overgreat_a idleness_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o the_o not_o punish_v of_o offender_n which_o bring_v destruction_n of_o commonweal_n religion_n do_v teach_v the_o fear_n of_o god_n which_o make_v a_o good_a man_n and_o be_v indeed_o the_o beginning_n of_o a_o prince_n for_o since_o prince_n reign_v by_o wisdom_n and_o that_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n be_v the_o beginning_n thereof_o we_o must_v conclude_v that_o it_o be_v the_o beginning_n also_o of_o a_o virtuous_a and_o wise_a prince_n now_o as_o prince_n reign_v by_o god_n so_o must_v they_o be_v direct_v by_o he_o yea_o they_o reign_v best_a and_o long_a that_o serve_v he_o best_a and_o most_o serve_v he_o they_o can_v but_o according_a to_o his_o will_n and_o his_o will_n be_v not_o know_v but_o by_o his_o word_n and_o law_n which_o make_v the_o prophet_n david_n to_o meditate_v therein_o day_n and_o night_n prefer_v the_o cause_n of_o faith_n or_o religion_n before_o temporal_a commodity_n and_o this_o be_v proper_o the_o first_o and_o chief_a point_n that_o the_o prince_n be_v to_o regard_v whereunto_o the_o other_o be_v annex_v and_o do_v depend_v upon_o for_o as_o justice_n be_v administer_v and_o prescribe_v by_o law_n and_o custom_n so_o reason_n require_v that_o this_o gradation_n shall_v be_v observe_v concern_v all_o law_n that_o even_o as_o the_o will_n contract_n or_o testament_n of_o particular_a man_n can_v derogate_v the_o ordinance_n of_o the_o magistrate_n and_o the_o order_n of_o the_o magistrate_n can_v abolish_v custom_n nor_o the_o custom_n can_v abridge_v the_o general_a law_n of_o a_o absolute_a prince_n no_o more_o can_v the_o law_n of_o prince_n alter_v or_o change_v the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n by_o justice_n proper_o call_v distributive_a be_v the_o harmony_n of_o the_o member_n of_o a_o commonweal_n maintain_v in_o good_a concord_n howbeit_o much_o hinder_v where_o usury_n be_v tolerate_v which_o give_v cause_n of_o discord_n some_o few_o wax_a thereby_o too_o rich_a and_o many_o extreme_a poor_a the_o operation_n of_o effect_n whereof_o be_v declare_v by_o i_o under_o certain_a simile_n or_o metaphor_n in_o the_o treatise_n of_o saint_n george_n for_o england_n by_o justice_n proper_o call_v commutative_a be_v the_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n with_o other_o nation_n maintain_v observe_v a_o kind_n of_o equality_n which_o be_v requisite_a in_o every_o well_o govern_v commonwealth_n where_o providence_n and_o policy_n cause_v the_o prince_n the_o father_n of_o the_o great_a family_n to_o sell_v more_o than_o he_o buy_v or_o else_o the_o wealth_n and_o treasure_n of_o his_o realm_n
do_v decrease_v and_o it_o be_v his_o expense_n do_v become_v great_a or_o surmount_v his_o income_n and_o revenue_n this_o kind_n of_o equality_n be_v interrupt_v and_o overthrow_v by_o the_o merchandize_v exchange_n as_o in_o the_o treatise_n of_o the_o canker_n of_o england_n commonwealth_n be_v declare_v for_o as_o all_o the_o trade_n and_o traffic_v between_o we_o and_o other_o nation_n be_v perform_v by_o three_o simple_n namely_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n so_o as_o we_o have_v prove_v be_v the_o course_n of_o exchange_n be_v abuse_v become_v predominant_a and_o overrule_a the_o course_n of_o money_n and_o commodity_n whereby_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o realm_n do_v decrease_v and_o this_o wealth_n can_v proper_o increase_v but_o two_o manner_n of_o way_n namely_o by_o bring_v of_o money_n and_o bullion_n into_o the_o realm_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o buy_v for_o our_o money_n or_o barter_v by_o way_n of_o permutation_n for_o our_o commodity_n and_o by_o buy_v the_o foreign_a commodity_n better_o cheap_a than_o we_o sell_v our_o home_n commodity_n and_o so_o may_v the_o father_n of_o the_o great_a family_n become_v a_o seller_n and_o not_o a_o buyer_n as_o be_v before_o allege_v we_o have_v heretofore_o note_v the_o property_n of_o money_n to_o be_v that_o plenty_n of_o money_n make_v general_o thing_n dear_a and_o scarcity_n of_o money_n make_v likewise_o general_o thing_n good_a cheap_a whereas_o thing_n be_v also_o particular_o dear_a or_o good_a cheap_a according_a to_o the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o or_o the_o use_n of_o they_o according_a to_o which_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o money_n aforesaid_a thing_n general_o become_v dear_a or_o cheap_a whereunto_o the_o great_a store_n or_o abundance_n of_o money_n and_o bullion_n which_o of_o late_a year_n be_v come_v from_o the_o west_n indies_n into_o europe_n have_v make_v every_o thing_n dear_a according_a to_o the_o increase_n of_o money_n which_o like_v unto_o a_o ocean_n divide_v her_o course_n into_o several_a branch_n in_o diverse_a country_n have_v cause_v a_o great_a alteration_n and_o enhance_a of_o the_o price_n of_o every_o thing_n and_o most_o especial_o because_o the_o money_n itself_o be_v alter_v in_o valuation_n in_o most_o country_n so_o that_o the_o measure_n be_v alter_v and_o make_v lesser_a by_o denomination_n there_o go_v more_o number_n to_o make_v up_o the_o tale_n and_o of_o necessity_n other_o thing_n go_v and_o be_v name_v according_o in_o price_n for_o money_n must_v always_o remain_v to_o be_v the_o rule_n and_o square_a to_o set_v a_o price_n unto_o every_o thing_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v publica_n mensura_fw-la the_o public_a measure_n whereby_o the_o price_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v set_v to_o maintain_v a_o certain_a equality_n in_o buy_v and_o sell_v to_o the_o end_n that_o all_o thing_n may_v equal_o pass_v by_o trade_n from_o one_o man_n to_o another_o this_o money_n must_v have_v his_o stand_a valuation_n only_o by_o public_a authority_n of_o the_o prince_n to_o who_o proper_o belong_v the_o dispose_n thereof_o as_o a_o matter_n annex_v to_o his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n and_o as_o the_o money_n do_v set_v a_o price_n to_o the_o natural_a riches_n of_o land_n so_o do_v it_o also_o set_v a_o price_n to_o the_o artificial_a riches_n proceed_v of_o the_o land_n and_o therefore_o reason_n require_v a_o certain_a equality_n between_o the_o natural_a riches_n and_o the_o artificial_a riches_n that_o plenty_n of_o money_n make_v thing_n dear_a be_v find_v by_o daily_a experience_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o bullion_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n or_o the_o same_o convert_v into_o money_n but_o so_o long_o as_o it_o be_v in_o bullion_n it_o remain_v in_o nature_n of_o commodity_n which_o be_v give_v by_o way_n of_o permutation_n or_o barter_n in_o exchange_n for_o other_o commodity_n plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o commodity_n do_v also_o alter_v the_o price_n of_o the_o thing_n want_v or_o abound_v according_a to_o the_o use_n thereof_o which_o be_v ground_v upon_o estimation_n by_o consent_n after_o the_o pleasure_n and_o sensuality_n of_o man_n the_o history_n of_o the_o west_n indies_n make_v mention_v that_o during_o the_o great_a quantity_n or_o abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n that_o be_v find_v about_o fourscore_o year_n past_a and_o the_o rareness_n of_o other_o thing_n a_o cloak_n of_o cloth_n be_v sell_v in_o peru_n for_o a_o thousand_o ducat_n a_o pair_n of_o breech_n of_o cloth_n for_o three_o hundred_o ducat_n a_o good_a horse_n four_o or_o five_o thousand_o ducat_n and_o other_o thing_n then_o in_o use_n and_o rare_a according_o the_o roman_n after_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o persian_n bring_v such_o abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o rome_n that_o the_o price_n of_o land_n do_v rise_v above_o two_o three_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a concern_v scarcity_n of_o money_n grafton_n in_o his_o chronicle_n of_o england_n have_v record_v that_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o have_v great_a war_n with_o france_n and_o scotland_n and_o incorporate_n the_o money_n into_o his_o hand_n for_o the_o maintenance_n thereof_o cause_v through_o the_o lack_n of_o money_n the_o price_n of_o commodity_n so_o to_o fall_v that_o a_o quarter_n of_o wheat_n be_v sell_v for_o two_o shilling_n a_o fat_a ox_n for_o a_o noble_a a_o sheep_n for_o six_o penny_n and_o other_o thing_n after_o the_o rate_n the_o consideration_n of_o the_o premise_n make_v the_o two_o paradox_n of_o master_n malestroit_n one_o of_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o french_a king_n exchequer_n to_o be_v most_o paradoxical_a that_o be_v to_o say_v far_o differ_v from_o the_o vulgar_a opinion_n which_o paradox_n upon_o complaint_n of_o the_o people_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n in_o france_n he_o present_v unto_o the_o king_n thereby_o to_o qualify_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o complaint_n the_o substance_n whereof_o i_o have_v think_v most_o expedient_a to_o set_v down_o and_o the_o answer_n also_o which_o master_n john_n bodine_n the_o great_a politician_n or_o commonwealth_n man_n of_o france_n have_v make_v thereunto_o together_o with_o my_o explication_n thereof_o and_o replication_n to_o his_o answer_n whereby_o the_o truth_n will_v appear_v and_o how_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v of_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonweal_n the_o first_o paradox_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o general_a dearth_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o france_n be_v without_o cause_n see_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o grow_v dearer_o these_o three_o hundred_o year_n the_o second_o paradox_n there_o be_v much_o to_o be_v lose_v upon_o a_o crown_n or_o any_o other_o money_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n albeit_o one_o do_v give_v the_o same_o in_o payment_n at_o the_o price_n he_o do_v receive_v the_o same_o since_o that_o the_o ancient_a permutation_n say_v he_o have_v be_v change_v in_o buy_v and_o sell_v and_o that_o the_o first_o riches_n of_o man_n which_o do_v consist_v of_o cattle_n be_v transfer_v to_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n whereby_o all_o thing_n have_v receive_v their_o estimation_n and_o have_v be_v praise_v and_o sell_v for_o it_o follow_v that_o those_o metal_n be_v the_o right_a judge_n of_o the_o good_a cheap_a or_o dearth_n of_o all_o thing_n we_o can_v say_v that_o any_o thing_n be_v now_o dear_a than_o it_o be_v three_o hundred_o year_n ago_o unless_o that_o for_o the_o buy_v thereof_o we_o must_v now_o give_v more_o gold_n or_o silver_n than_o we_o do_v then_o but_o for_o the_o buy_n of_o all_o thing_n we_o do_v not_o give_v now_o more_o gold_n or_o silver_n than_o we_o do_v then_o say_v he_o therefore_o since_o that_o time_n nothing_o be_v grow_v dear_a in_o france_n to_o prove_v this_o he_o do_v allege_v that_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n in_o the_o year_n 1328._o the_o french_a crown_n of_o the_o flower-de-luce_n as_o good_a in_o weight_n and_o fineness_n as_o the_o french_a crown_n of_o the_o sun_n now_o be_v then_o worth_a but_o twenty_o sol_n tournois_fw-fr which_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n be_v value_v according_a to_o the_o common_a computation_n of_o ten_o sol_n for_o a_o shilling_n starling_n be_v two_o shilling_n in_o those_o day_n say_v he_o the_o french_a ell_n or_o yard_n of_o velvet_n be_v worth_a four_o liver_n which_o be_v four_o crown_n or_o 8_o shilling_n starling_n the_o say_a yard_n of_o velvet_n do_v now_o cost_v ten_o liver_n or_o twenty_o shilling_n and_o the_o french_a crown_n which_o be_v then_o value_v at_o two_o shilling_n be_v now_o value_v at_o fifty_o sol_n or_o five_o shilling_n so_o that_o four_o crown_n do_v make_v the_o say_v 20_o shilling_n yet_o the_o say_a french_a crown_n do_v contain_v no_o more_o in_o gold_n in_o weight_n or_o in_o fineness_n then_o before_o whereby_o there_o
rent_n levy_v upon_o the_o city_n of_o paris_n be_v bring_v to_o amount_v unto_o 3_o million_o and_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o pound_n tournois_fw-fr yearly_a and_o the_o city_n will_v be_v much_o rich_a if_o there_o be_v a_o house_n as_o at_o genes_n call_v the_o house_n of_o s._n george_n which_o take_v all_o the_o money_n that_o man_n will_v bring_v after_o the_o rate_n of_o 5_o upon_o the_o 100_o and_o do_v deliver_v out_o the_o same_o to_o the_o merchant_n to_o traffic_v therewith_o after_o two_o and_o three_o upon_o the_o hundred_o like_v as_o the_o great_a emperor_n antony_n and_o alexander_n severus_n do_v which_o do_v deliver_v money_n at_o 4_o per_fw-la 100_o and_o augustus_n deliver_v money_n free_o without_o interest_n to_o they_o that_o will_v give_v surety_n to_o restore_v double_a the_o value_n if_o they_o do_v not_o pay_v it_o at_o the_o time_n limit_v by_o these_o mean_v their_o subject_n get_v much_o and_o prince_n be_v not_o drive_v to_o borrow_v or_o to_o pill_v their_o subject_n but_o do_v rather_o diminish_v their_o impost_n and_o so_o he_o conclude_v that_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v the_o cause_n partly_o of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n the_o second_o cause_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n namely_o the_o monopoly_n he_o do_v pass_v over_o as_o a_o matter_n not_o considerable_a to_o the_o thing_n entreat_v of_o which_o be_v say_v he_o when_o merchant_n artificer_n or_o laborer_n do_v assemble_v themselves_o to_o set_v a_o price_n upon_o the_o commodity_n or_o their_o handiwork_n with_o the_o augment_v of_o wage_n for_o the_o prevent_n whereof_o he_o commend_v the_o abolish_n of_o their_o fraternity_n or_o company_n procure_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o their_o chancellor_n the_o three_o cause_n of_o the_o dearth_n by_o the_o want_n of_o thing_n come_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o excessive_a trade_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o by_o the_o waist_n thereof_o it_o be_v certain_a say_v he_o that_o we_o have_v our_o corn_n and_o wine_n better_o cheap_a during_o the_o war_n with_o the_o spaniard_n and_o fleming_n then_o after_o the_o war_n when_o the_o trade_n be_v permit_v for_o the_o husbandman_n be_v drive_v to_o sell_v and_o to_o make_v money_n of_o his_o ware_n and_o the_o gentleman_n find_v the_o same_o perishable_a when_o the_o merchant_n dare_v not_o lade_v his_o ship_n bring_v down_o the_o price_n of_o commodity_n and_o make_v the_o people_n to_o live_v good_a cheap_a which_o according_a to_o the_o proverb_n france_n can_v never_o be_v famish_v will_v always_o continue_v if_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o stranger_n their_o storehouse_n be_v not_o empty_v the_o spaniard_n do_v buy_v and_o transport_v their_o corn_n before_o it_o be_v ripe_a because_o his_o country_n except_o arragon_n and_o granado_n be_v of_o great_a sterility_n therefore_o have_v the_o corn_n merchant_n great_a privilege_n for_o bring_v corn_n unto_o they_o and_o be_v only_o license_v to_o export_v money_n for_o the_o same_o from_o the_o spaniard_n say_v he_o we_o have_v but_o their_o oil_n and_o spice_n and_o yet_o the_o best_a drug_n come_v unto_o we_o from_o turkey_n and_o barbary_n from_o italy_n we_o have_v their_o allume_n some_o silk_n and_o other_o commodity_n oil_n we_o may_v have_v within_o our_o dominion_n of_o languedock_n and_o provence_n more_o than_o we_o do_v need_v and_o there_o be_v as_o good_a silk_n make_v with_o we_o as_o at_o florence_n and_o genes_n touch_v allume_n if_o we_o will_v cut_v the_o vein_n of_o the_o pireney_n mountain_n we_o shall_v find_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o allume_v and_o copresse_v as_o have_v be_v sufficient_o prove_v whereas_o france_n do_v spend_v far_o above_o the_o value_n of_o one_o million_o thereof_o yearly_a and_o the_o waist_n of_o thing_n be_v incredible_a the_o four_o cause_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n proceed_v from_o the_o pleasure_n of_o prince_n which_o do_v impose_v a_o price_n unto_o the_o thing_n which_o they_o affect_v for_o it_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n in_o state_n matter_n that_o prince_n do_v not_o only_o give_v law_n unto_o their_o subject_n but_o also_o as_o plato_n have_v note_v they_o do_v change_v by_o their_o example_n the_o manner_n of_o man_n to_o which_o purpose_n he_o do_v use_v the_o example_n of_o their_o king_n francis_n the_o first_o who_o be_v hurt_v in_o the_o head_n cause_v his_o hair_n to_o be_v cut_v off_o wherein_o the_o people_n do_v present_o imitate_v he_o as_o follow_v the_o will_n of_o prince_n &_o praise_v that_o which_o they_o do_v commend_v we_o have_v see_v at_o one_o time_n say_v he_o three_o great_a prince_n strive_v as_o it_o be_v who_o shall_v have_v the_o most_o learned_a man_n and_o best_a artificer_n namely_o the_o great_a king_n francis_n the_o first_o henry_n king_n of_o england_n and_o pope_n paul_n the_o three_o in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n can_v never_o have_v the_o learned_a and_o reverend_a beda_n and_o the_o french_a king_n do_v pay_v 72_o thousand_o crown_n for_o a_o diamond_n rather_o than_o king_n henry_n shall_v have_v have_v the_o same_o present_o the_o nobility_n and_o the_o people_n do_v give_v themselves_o to_o study_v and_o to_o buy_v precious_a stone_n and_o when_o king_n henry_n begin_v to_o make_v little_a account_n of_o the_o stone_n their_o general_a estimation_n and_o price_n be_v abate_v whereof_o there_o be_v many_o example_n in_o like_a sort_n for_o the_o art_n of_o paint_v the_o prince_n of_o the_o east_n and_o alexander_n the_o great_a have_v bring_v they_o into_o such_o credit_n that_o a_o picture_n of_o venus_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o water_n which_o apelles_n have_v make_v be_v buy_v for_o 60_o thousand_o crown_n alexander_n give_v for_o his_o 200_o talent_n that_o be_v 36_o thousand_o pound_n starling_n apelles_n himself_o make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o buy_v a_o picture_n of_o protogenes_n for_o 50_o thousand_o crown_n conclude_v with_o other_o example_n that_o the_o pleasure_n of_o prince_n make_v thing_n dear_a as_o aforesaid_a and_o so_o return_v to_o the_o waist_n or_o consumption_n of_o thing_n wherein_o their_o example_n be_v also_o imitate_v he_o do_v reprehend_v the_o cut_n of_o silk_n upon_o silk_n or_o any_o other_o stuff_n so_o that_o it_o can_v serve_v but_o once_o for_o one_o person_n which_o cause_v the_o turk_n to_o call_v we_o mad_a man_n and_o further_o he_o find_v fault_n that_o our_o lackey_n and_o servant_n be_v apparel_v therewith_o and_o that_o so_o much_o stuff_n be_v put_v into_o the_o apparel_n disguise_v with_o new_a fangle_a fashion_n the_o proportion_n of_o our_o person_n or_o body_n contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_a modesty_n when_o as_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o apparel_n will_v many_o time_n cost_v more_o than_o the_o apparel_n itself_o to_o this_o be_v link_v the_o desire_n of_o costly_a household_n stuff_n and_o dainty_a and_o delicate_a fare_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o meat_n and_o drink_v whereof_o he_o allege_v example_n which_o be_v better_a conceal_v then_o speak_v of_o for_o they_o bring_v with_o they_o all_o licentiousness_n and_o excess_n as_o a_o spring_n of_o vice_n of_o the_o calamity_n and_o misery_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n if_o any_o man_n shall_v here_o object_v say_v he_o that_o if_o thing_n do_v still_o become_v dear_a partly_o through_o the_o waist_n and_o partly_o also_o for_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n no_o man_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o live_v because_o of_o the_o dearth_n it_o be_v true_a but_o the_o war_n and_o calamity_n happen_v to_o a_o commonwealth_n do_v stay_v the_o course_n hereof_o as_o we_o may_v see_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v live_v with_o great_a scarcity_n and_o to_o speak_v proper_o in_o great_a misery_n almost_o five_o hundred_o year_n when_o they_o have_v but_o copper_n money_n of_o a_o pound_n weight_n and_o without_o stamp_n until_o king_n servius_n and_o they_o make_v no_o silver_n money_n but_o 485_o year_n after_o the_o foundation_n of_o rome_n and_o 62_o year_n after_o they_o make_v money_n of_o gold_n and_o here_o he_o take_v occasion_n to_o compare_v the_o price_n of_o thing_n alter_v during_o the_o government_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o law_n make_v by_o they_o for_o the_o suppress_n of_o abuse_n and_o that_o all_o their_o gold_n and_o silver_n come_v unto_o they_o in_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o year_n by_o the_o spoil_n of_o all_o the_o world_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o rome_n by_o the_o scipion_n paul_n aemylius_fw-la marius_n sylla_n lucullus_n pompey_n and_o caesar_n especial_o by_o the_o two_o last_o for_o pompey_n do_v conquer_v so_o much_o land_n as_o make_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o come_v unto_o 8_o million_o and_o one_o half_a of_o crown_n caesar_n notwithstanding_o all_o his_o expense_n &_o prodigality_n bring_v to_o the_o
gown_n for_o pride_n harbour_v in_o the_o mind_n and_o the_o difference_n be_v only_o in_o the_o give_n of_o example_n unto_o other_o wherein_o the_o costly_a and_o gorgeous_a apparel_n give_v offence_n which_o may_v be_v handle_v hereafter_o conclude_v therefore_o this_o point_n with_o master_n bodine_n touch_v allume_v whereof_o abundance_n be_v spend_v with_o we_o we_o say_v that_o there_o be_v stuff_n sufficient_a within_o the_o realm_n whereof_o to_o make_v it_o exceed_v good_a but_o so_o long_o as_o we_o be_v able_a to_o afford_v the_o romish_a allume_v for_o 24_o shilling_n the_o hundred_o and_o other_o sort_n according_o be_v bring_v into_o english_a ship_n it_o be_v better_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o bring_v it_o from_o foreign_a part_n then_o to_o make_v it_o within_o the_o realm_n the_o four_o cause_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n be_v the_o pleasure_n of_o prince_n or_o great_a man_n which_o do_v give_v a_o price_n unto_o thing_n be_v ground_v upon_o estimation_n the_o very_a ground_n of_o the_o value_n of_o all_o temporal_a thing_n which_o thing_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o behoof_n of_o man_n be_v serve_v for_o food_n house_n and_o apparel_n and_o as_o they_o say_v for_o the_o back_n and_o belly_n this_o estimation_n be_v authorise_v by_o common_a consent_n almost_o of_o all_o man_n and_o nation_n and_o therefore_o of_o such_o efficacy_n that_o some_o politician_n have_v observe_v that_o thing_n that_o be_v in_o d_o 〈…〉_z thing_n that_o be_v not_o in_o deed_n b_o 〈…〉_z m_n to_o be_v in_o deed_n make_v n_o 〈…〉_z rinse_v in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n 〈…〉_z rule_v the_o banker_n have_v study_v 〈…〉_z 〈…〉_z may_v be_v make_v apparent_a if_o i_o we_o 〈…〉_z solued_a that_o it_o will_v tend_v to_o the_o g_o 〈…〉_z of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o leave_v this_o let_v we_o consider_v of_o the_o second_o rule_v observe_v by_o plato_n that_o as_o the_o prince_n be_v so_o be_v the_o subject_n who_o by_o imitation_n follow_v his_o example_n which_o soon_o enter_v into_o their_o eye_n they_o their_o ear_n and_o the_o great_a their_o authority_n be_v the_o more_o affectionate_a be_v their_o imitation_n alexander_n cast_v his_o head_n aside_o and_o all_o the_o court_n hold_v their_o neck_n awry_o denis_n be_v purblind_a and_o his_o courtier_n stumble_v at_o every_o step_n and_o justle_v each_o other_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v evill-fighted_n and_o so_o of_o other_o prince_n who_o example_n have_v be_v contagious_a to_o their_o subject_n master_n bodine_n make_v mention_n of_o three_o great_a prin_fw-mi 〈…〉_z 〈…〉_z ne_o time_n which_o do_v advance_v 〈…〉_z g_o and_o precious_a stone_n thou_fw-mi 〈…〉_z 〈…〉_z arn_n unless_o it_o be_v accom_a 〈…〉_z with_o the_o knowledge_n how_o to_o 〈…〉_z r_o to_o havewealth_n it_o be_v little_a accoun_n 〈…〉_z whereas_o a_o lumpish_a blockhead_n 〈…〉_z le_fw-fr without_o wit_n or_o wisdom_n shall_v be_v much_o make_v of_o only_o because_o he_o have_v money_n or_o wealth_n whereof_o by_o adverse_a fortune_n or_o casualty_n be_v deprive_v he_o be_v then_o see_v in_o his_o own_o colour_n and_o lay_v open_a to_o the_o world_n and_o concern_v pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n it_o be_v not_o strange_a that_o some_o man_n do_v despise_v and_o account_v they_o as_o glister_a toy_n &_o trifle_n consider_v the_o diversity_n of_o man_n opinion_n which_o make_v the_o ancient_a philosopher_n to_o say_v that_o the_o world_n be_v govern_v by_o opinion_n but_o if_o these_o man_n shall_v well_o consider_v the_o pure_a creation_n and_o virtue_n of_o the_o stone_n they_o will_v judge_v otherwise_o and_o their_o own_o opinion_n opposite_a to_o most_o man_n will_v condemn_v their_o error_n see_v that_o a_o general_a estimation_n do_v approve_v the_o value_n of_o thing_n especial_o of_o thing_n that_o be_v durable_a which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o when_o commodity_n begin_v to_o abound_v in_o the_o world_n all_o metal_n as_o be_v fit_a for_o preservation_n be_v esteem_v and_o the_o pure_a mettle_n most_o the_o holy_a scripture_n do_v manifest_a unto_o we_o in_o what_o estimation_n precious_a stone_n gold_z and_o silver_n have_v be_v always_o from_o the_o beginning_n and_o to_o what_o holy_a use_n they_o have_v be_v employ_v and_o appropriate_v especial_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v not_o jericho_n destroy_v with_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o their_o good_n by_o god_n commandment_n as_o thing_n execrable_a and_o will_v not_o god_n have_v the_o gold_n and_o other_o metal_n preserve_v and_o to_o be_v consecrate_v and_o keep_v in_o his_o treasury_n be_v it_o not_o gold_n and_o silver_n wherewith_o his_o temple_n at_o jerusalem_n be_v adorn_v and_o beautify_v but_o why_o shall_v i_o enter_v into_o the_o enumeration_n of_o example_n to_o illustrate_v and_o prove_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o estimation_n of_o gold_n silver_n and_o precious_a thing_n see_v that_o in_o all_o commonweal_n and_o country_n that_o only_o be_v decent_a and_o of_o estimation_n which_o the_o custom_n do_v allow_v or_o approve_v hence_o the_o proverb_n take_v beginning_n country_n fashion_n country_n honour_n which_o make_v the_o indian_a and_o blacke-moore_n to_o domineer_v with_o his_o glister_a bead_n brass_n ring_v for_o their_o ear_n and_o arm_n and_o to_o give_v we_o gold_n and_o silver_n for_o they_o strange_a be_v therefore_o the_o imagination_n of_o sir_n thomas_n moor_n in_o his_o conceit_a commonwealth_n of_o utopia_n where_o he_o feign_a gold_n to_o be_v in_o such_o contumely_n that_o they_o make_v their_o chamber-pot_n and_o other_o vessel_n that_o serve_v for_o most_o vile_a use_n of_o pure_a gold_n and_o have_v the_o same_o in_o every_o man_n private_a house_n and_o their_o chain_n fetter_n and_o gyve_n wherein_o they_o tie_v their_o bondman_n be_v all_o of_o gold_n as_o be_v the_o reproachful_a badge_n of_o infamous_a person_n their_o gem_n and_o precious_a stone_n be_v hold_v for_o toy_n for_o young_a child_n to_o play_v withal_o and_o to_o prove_v the_o estimation_n of_o thing_n to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o fashion_n of_o every_o country_n and_o to_o give_v gold_n his_o due_a commendation_n we_o will_v use_v his_o own_o pleasant_a tale_n in_o manner_n as_o he_o have_v set_v down_o the_o same_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o next_o country_n unto_o utopia_n which_o know_v the_o manner_n and_o fashion_n of_o the_o vtopian_o which_o give_v no_o honour_n to_o sumptuous_a apparel_n and_o hold_v gold_n to_o be_v infamed_a and_o reproachful_a come_v to_o amaurote_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o that_o isle_n in_o very_o homely_a and_o simple_a array_n but_o the_o anemolians_n because_o they_o dwell_v far_o thence_o and_o have_v very_o little_a acquaintance_n with_o they_o hear_v that_o they_o be_v all_o apparel_v alike_o and_o that_o very_o rude_o and_o homely_a think_v they_o not_o to_o have_v the_o thing_n which_o they_o do_v not_o wear_v be_v therefore_o more_o proud_a than_o wise_a determine_v in_o the_o gorgiousnesse_n of_o their_o apparel_n to_o represent_v very_a god_n and_o with_o the_o bright_a shine_a and_o glister_v of_o their_o gay_a clothing_n to_o dazzle_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o silly_a poor_a vtopian_o so_o there_o come_v in_o four_o ambassador_n with_o a_o hundred_o servant_n all_o apparel_v in_o changeable_a colour_n the_o most_o of_o they_o in_o silk_n the_o ambassador_n themselves_o for_o at_o home_n in_o their_o own_o country_n they_o be_v nobleman_n in_o cloth_n of_o gold_n with_o great_a chain_n of_o gold_n with_o gold_n hang_v at_o their_o ear_n with_o gold_n ring_v upon_o their_o finger_n with_o brouche_n and_o aglet_n of_o gold_n upon_o their_o cap_n which_o glister_v full_a of_o pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n to_o be_v short_a trim_v and_o adorn_v with_o all_o those_o thing_n which_o among_o the_o vtopian_o be_v either_o the_o punishment_n of_o bondman_n or_o the_o reproach_n of_o infamed_a person_n or_o else_o trifle_n for_o young_a child_n to_o play_v withal_o therefore_o it_o will_v have_v do_v a_o man_n good_a at_o his_o heart_n to_o have_v see_v how_o proud_o they_o display_v their_o peacock_n feather_n how_o much_o they_o make_v of_o their_o paint_a sheath_n and_o how_o lusty_o they_o set_v forth_o and_o advance_v themselves_o when_o they_o compare_v their_o gallant_a apparel_n with_o the_o poor_a raiment_n of_o the_o vtopian_o for_o all_o the_o people_n be_v swarm_v forth_o into_o the_o street_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v no_o less_o pleasure_n to_o consider_v how_o much_o they_o be_v deceive_v and_o how_o far_o they_o miss_v of_o their_o purpose_n be_v contrary_a way_n take_v than_o they_o think_v they_o shall_v have_v be_v for_o to_o the_o eye_n of_o all_o the_o vtopian_o except_o very_a few_o which_o have_v be_v in_o other_o country_n for_o some_o reasonable_a cause_n all_o that_o gorgeousness_n of_o apparel_n seem_v shameful_a and_o reproachful_a insomuch_o
that_o they_o most_o reverent_o salute_v the_o most_o vile_a and_o most_o abject_a of_o they_o for_o lord_n judge_v they_o by_o their_o wear_n of_o golden_a chain_n to_o be_v bondman_n yea_o you_o shall_v have_v see_v child_n also_o that_o have_v cast_v away_o their_o pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n when_o they_o see_v the_o like_o stick_v upon_o the_o ambassador_n cap_n dig_v and_o push_v their_o mother_n under_o the_o side_n say_v thus_o to_o they_o look_v mother_n how_o great_a a_o lubber_n do_v yet_o wear_v pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n as_o though_o he_o be_v a_o little_a child_n still_o but_o the_o mother_n yea_o and_o that_o also_o in_o good_a earnest_n peace_n son_n say_v she_o i_o think_v he_o be_v some_o of_o the_o ambassador_n fool_n some_o find_a fault_n at_o their_o golden_a chain_n as_o to_o no_o use_n or_o purpose_n be_v so_o small_a and_o weak_a that_o a_o bondman_n may_v easy_o break_v they_o and_o again_o so_o wide_a and_o large_a that_o when_o it_o please_v he_o he_o may_v cast_v they_o off_o and_o run_v away_o at_o liberty_n whither_o he_o will_v but_o when_o the_o ambassador_n have_v be_v there_o a_o day_n or_o two_o and_o see_v so_o great_a abundance_n of_o gold_n so_o light_o esteem_v yea_o in_o no_o less_o reproach_n they_o it_o be_v with_o they_o in_o honour_n and_o beside_o that_o more_o gold_n in_o the_o chain_n and_o gyve_n of_o one_o fugitive_a bondman_n than_o all_o the_o costly_a ornament_n of_o they_o three_o be_v worth_a they_o begin_v to_o abate_v their_o courage_n &_o for_o very_a shame_n lay_v away_o all_o that_o gorgeous_a array_n whereof_o they_o be_v so_o proud_a which_o in_o effect_n be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o accommodate_v and_o fashion_v himself_o to_o the_o manner_n and_o fashion_n of_o the_o country_n be_v also_o ground_v upon_o estimation_n although_o of_o base_a thing_n which_o be_v to_o prefer_v earthen_a and_o glass_n vessel_n wherein_o they_o eat_v and_o drink_v as_o he_o say_v before_o gold_n silver_n &_o other_o precious_a thing_n but_o if_o all_o the_o wit_n and_o wisdom_n of_o man_n be_v as_o yet_o to_o devise_v what_o thing_n will_v be_v fit_a to_o set_v a_o price_n unto_o all_o other_o thing_n and_o to_o be_v as_o a_o just_a measure_n and_o proportion_n between_o man_n and_o man_n in_o the_o trade_n and_o traffic_v of_o thing_n they_o can_v not_o find_v any_o thing_n more_o proper_a than_o pure_a gold_n and_o other_o metal_n according_o the_o four_o element_n have_v such_o a_o equal_a proportion_n in_o gold_n that_o none_o be_v predominant_a over_o the_o other_o whereby_o all_o corruption_n be_v exclude_v whether_o you_o take_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o hot_a and_o dry_a cold_a and_o dry_a hot_a and_o moist_a and_o cold_a and_o moist_a with_o galen_n or_o according_a to_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o element_n draw_v into_o salt_n sulphur_n and_o mercury_n with_o paracelsus_n for_o it_o never_o waste_v or_o consume_v by_o fire_n and_o the_o more_o it_o be_v burn_v the_o pure_a it_o be_v which_o can_v be_v say_v of_o any_o other_o mettle_n there_o be_v no_o rust_n or_o scurf_n that_o diminish_v the_o goodness_n or_o substance_n thereof_o it_o abide_v the_o fret_a and_o liquor_n of_o salt_n and_o vinegar_n without_o damage_n which_o wear_v any_o other_o thing_n it_o need_v no_o fire_n ere_o it_o be_v make_v gold_n for_o it_o be_v gold_n assoon_o as_o it_o be_v find_v it_o draw_v without_o wool_n as_o it_o be_v wool_n and_o it_o be_v easy_o spread_v in_o leaf_n of_o marvelous_a thinness_n you_o may_v adorn_v or_o guild_v any_o other_o mettle_n with_o it_o neither_o be_v it_o inferior_a unto_o any_o other_o mettle_n to_o make_v vessel_n and_o curious_a work_n it_o defile_v not_o the_o thing_n it_o touch_v as_o silver_n do_v wherewith_o you_o may_v draw_v line_n it_o resemble_v in_o colour_n the_o celestial_a body_n and_o it_o be_v medicinable_a and_o bring_v gladness_n to_o the_o hart_n of_o man_n it_o be_v fit_a also_o to_o be_v cut_v or_o divide_v into_o many_o piece_n to_o make_v money_n and_o go_v into_o a_o little_a room_n be_v easy_a and_o 〈…〉_z table_n to_o avoid_v the_o cumbersome_a 〈…〉_z age_n of_o commodity_n from_o one_o country_n into_o another_o and_o what_o thing_n can_v be_v invent_v or_o devise_v that_o for_o this_o purpose_n have_v all_o these_o quality_n and_o property_n with_o great_a reason_n therefore_o have_v gold_n his_o due_a estimation_n above_o other_o thing_n also_o such_o thing_n wherein_o the_o art_n of_o man_n be_v illustrate_v as_o in_o picture_n &_o other_o curious_a work_n be_v worthy_a of_o great_a commendation_n and_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o many_o other_o thing_n that_o man_n do_v use_v for_o to_o live_v in_o the_o most_o civille_a manner_n above_o other_o nation_n which_o live_v barbarous_o in_o all_o which_o the_o general_a care_n of_o the_o prince_n must_v be_v and_o the_o particular_a regard_n of_o the_o subject_n that_o the_o same_o be_v do_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n so_o that_o the_o expense_n thereof_o do_v not_o surmount_v the_o income_n or_o revenue_n have_v a_o due_a consideration_n of_o the_o moderate_a use_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n and_o at_o reasonable_a rate_n according_a as_o the_o price_n and_o utteranc_fw-la 〈…〉_z of_o our_o home_n commodity_n both_o 〈…〉_z victual_n and_o other_o ware_n without_o study_v how_o to_o live_v without_o the_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n with_o other_o nation_n see_v that_o god_n cause_v nature_n to_o bestow_v and_o distribute_v her_o benefit_n or_o his_o blessing_n to_o several_a climate_n supply_v the_o barrenness_n of_o some_o thing_n in_o one_o country_n with_o the_o fruitfulness_n and_o store_n of_o other_o country_n to_o the_o end_n that_o interchangeable_o one_o common_a weal_n shall_v live_v with_o another_o concern_v the_o last_o cause_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n by_o the_o alteration_n of_o money_n wherein_o master_n malestroit_n have_v a_o certain_a good_a purpose_n if_o he_o can_v have_v prove_v the_o same_o to_o have_v be_v in_o france_n master_n bodine_n conclude_v that_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n be_v not_o alter_v by_o the_o valuation_n of_o money_n in_o sort_n by_o he_o allege_v and_o yet_o that_o thing_n be_v grow_v dear_a which_o only_o they_o come_v to_o pass_v by_o one_o cause_n which_o he_o call_v almost_o the_o only_a cause_n which_o be_v the_o aundance_n of_o gold_n &_o silver_n of_o late_a year_n run_v with_o we_o into_o these_o part_n of_o the_o world_n for_o the_o other_o cause_n as_o we_o have_v note_v before_o make_v particular_o some_o thing_n dear_a but_o not_o general_o all_o thing_n and_o for_o asmuch_o as_o we_o have_v speak_v hereof_o in_o answer_n of_o the_o paradox_n of_o master_n malestroit_n therefore_o we_o pass_v over_o it_o and_o come_v to_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o remedy_n which_o master_n bodine_n allege_v which_o do_v only_o tend_v to_o remedy_n thing_n in_o particular_a be_v well_o consider_v of_o he_o say_v that_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n now_o a_o day_n more_o than_o in_o time_n past_a must_v partly_o excuse_v the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v so_o it_o follow_v that_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v as_o a_o remedy_n nor_o yet_o as_o a_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n for_o what_o coherence_n be_v there_o to_o allege_v a_o matter_n as_o a_o remedy_n against_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n when_o this_o remedy_n as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o be_v the_o only_a cause_n of_o the_o dearth_n itself_o as_o he_o say_v which_o must_v excuse_v the_o same_o which_o excuse_n be_v admit_v in_o defence_n thereof_o do_v consequent_o prove_v that_o thing_n be_v not_o grow_v dear_a to_o our_o hurt_n in_o particular_a or_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n in_o general_a because_o that_o have_v more_o gold_n and_o silver_n than_o we_o have_v heretofore_o we_o be_v make_v able_a to_o give_v more_o than_o before_o and_o if_o we_o will_v say_v take_v away_o the_o cause_n and_o then_o the_o effect_n will_v cease_v that_o be_v to_o say_v take_v away_o or_o diminish_v the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o then_o thing_n will_v become_v better_a cheap_a this_o will_v be_v a_o very_a great_a absurdity_n for_o as_o he_o be_v a_o foolish_a physician_n that_o can_v cure_v his_o patient_n disease_n unless_o he_o cast_v he_o in_o another_o sickness_n so_o the_o prince_n that_o can_v govern_v his_o subject_n but_o by_o take_v from_o they_o the_o wealth_n and_o commodity_n of_o life_n must_v needs_o grant_v that_o he_o know_v not_o how_o to_o govern_v man_n a_o provident_a and_o wise_a prince_n therefore_o will_v rather_o conclude_v thus_o be_v thing_n grow_v dear_a through_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n
year_n advance_v in_o price_n we_o will_v exhort_v many_o to_o practice_v the_o have_v thereof_o in_o regard_n both_o of_o the_o honey_n and_o wax_n the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o make_n of_o bee_n of_o a_o heighfer_n be_v natural_a whereupon_o pliny_n have_v note_v that_o the_o flesh_n of_o ox_n be_v convert_v into_o bee_n as_o the_o flesh_n of_o horse_n into_o wasp_n that_o of_o man_n into_o lice_n and_o so_o of_o other_o flesh_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n thereof_o but_o i_o will_v not_o affirm_v that_o the_o flesh_n of_o a_o cuckoo_n be_v convert_v into_o toad_n as_o some_o do_v report_n touch_v the_o price_n of_o our_o commodity_n which_o certain_o may_v be_v know_v as_o of_o tin_n lead_v and_o certain_a know_v sort_n of_o clothes_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o when_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n be_v value_v at_o 40_o penny_n tin_n be_v worth_a as_o we_o have_v say_v about_o 40_o shilling_n the_o hundred_o which_o now_o make_v 3_o pound_n and_o the_o price_n thereof_o in_o regard_n of_o velvet_n silk_n and_o other_o commodity_n ought_v now_o to_o be_v 5_o pound_n a_o hundred_o all_o circumstance_n consider_v wool_n be_v worth_a 10_o shilling_n the_o tod_n equivalent_a with_o the_o best_a yard_n of_o velvet_n colour_n kentish_a clothes_n not_o of_o so_o good_a make_v as_o now_o be_v ordinary_o sell_v for_o 8_o and_o 9_o pound_n the_o cloth_n of_o that_o money_n which_o be_v now_o 12_o pound_n and_o 13_o pound_n 10_o shilling_n calf_n skin_n 5_o shilling_n the_o dozen_o devonshire_n kersey_n and_o all_o other_o cloth_n according_o at_o which_o time_n the_o bale_n of_o venice_n fustian_n be_v sell_v for_o 18_o pound_n of_o horn_n fustian_n 15_o pound_n the_o best_a black_a satin_n 6_o shilling_n the_o yard_n colour_n damask_n and_o satin_n 5_o shilling_n bolonia_n sarsenet_n 20_o penny_n the_o yard_n all_o by_o retail_v millian_a fustian_n 18_o and_o 19_o shilling_n the_o piece_n messina_n silk_n 8_o shilling_n the_o pound_n unwatred_a chamblet_n 13_o shilling_n the_o piece_n and_o all_o other_o italian_a ware_n according_o which_o although_o they_o be_v now_o more_o use_v then_o in_o those_o day_n can_v countervail_v the_o difference_n in_o price_n be_v compare_v together_o because_o that_o the_o make_v thereof_o in_o italy_n and_o france_n be_v also_o much_o more_o increase_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o make_n of_o cloth_n much_o diminish_v since_o that_o time_n and_o in_o this_o place_n we_o must_v not_o forget_v to_o mention_v of_o the_o make_n of_o venice_n gold_n thread_n which_o may_v be_v more_o practise_v and_o make_v in_o england_n then_o it_o be_v to_o set_v poor_a people_n on_o work_n and_o so_o be_v have_v far_o better_a cheap_a for_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o whereas_o the_o pound_n of_o 12_o ounce_n be_v now_o ordinary_o sell_v for_o 3_o pound_n 5_o shilling_n or_o thereabouts_o the_o same_o be_v untwist_v do_v not_o contain_v above_o 4½_n ounce_n or_o 5_o ounce_n at_o the_o most_o of_o guild_a silver_n which_o may_v be_v worth_a some_o 25_o shilling_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n go_v towards_o some_o very_a course_n silk_n and_o the_o workmanship_n which_o be_v a_o very_a easy_a spin_v to_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o easterling_n ware_n of_o pitch_n tar_n wainscot_n cable_n flax_n hemp_n and_o such_o like_a because_o these_o be_v very_o necessary_a commodity_n and_o can_v be_v much_o over-bought_a we_o be_v only_o to_o note_n that_o if_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o sow_v of_o hemp_n be_v well_o observe_v all_o manner_n of_o cordage_n may_v be_v make_v within_o the_o realm_n and_o thereby_o be_v have_v better_o cheap_a of_o other_o howbeit_o the_o intercourse_n and_o commerce_n with_o other_o nation_n require_v that_o every_o country_n shall_v have_v their_o peculiar_a commodity_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o price_n and_o to_o have_v a_o care_n not_o to_o over-buy_a they_o and_o to_o sell_v our_o home_n commodity_n too_o good_a cheap_a which_o general_o may_v be_v say_v for_o all_o commodity_n and_o particular_o for_o lawn_n cambric_n and_o such_o like_a and_o most_o especial_o when_o claret_n wine_n be_v sell_v for_o 3_o and_o 4_o pound_n the_o ton_n prune_v 5_o shilling_n the_o hundred_o civil_a oil_n 12_o pound_n the_o ton_n soap_n of_o civil_a 20_o shilling_n the_o hundred_o malmsey_n 5_o pound_n the_o but_o and_o so_o the_o like_a of_o diverse_a other_o commodity_n if_o we_o do_v consider_v the_o great_a abundance_n thereof_o find_v now_o a_o day_n and_o more_o commodious_o and_o direct_o bring_v unto_o we_o than_o heretofore_o as_o spice_n sugar_n curran_n raisin_n fig_n and_o such_o like_a be_v by_o all_o which_o come_v a_o notable_a overbalancing_a of_o foreign_a commodity_n with_o our_o home_n commodity_n in_o nature_n before_o allege_v which_o do_v consistin_a the_o price_n &_o not_o in_o the_o quantity_n this_o overballance_a be_v know_v by_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o good_n inward_o &_o the_o decrease_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o good_n outward_o for_o which_o purpose_n let_v we_o observe_v what_o the_o custom_n of_o wool_n do_v amount_v in_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o his_o time_n as_o aforesaid_a thus_o find_v thing_n to_o be_v dear_a and_o the_o price_n thereof_o hurtful_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n because_o we_o do_v not_o sell_v our_o home_n commodity_n so_o dear_a proportionable_o as_o we_o do_v buy_v the_o foreign_a commodity_n we_o may_v see_v that_o we_o be_v become_v buyer_n &_o not_o seller_n as_o the_o good_a father_n of_o the_o family_n ought_v to_o be_v as_o be_v aforesaid_a wherefore_o let_v we_o now_o consider_v of_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o dearth_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n over_o and_o above_o the_o price_n of_o our_o home_n commodity_n which_o make_v we_o to_o give_v the_o treasure_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o boot_n by_o advance_v the_o price_n of_o the_o one_o and_o abate_v the_o price_n of_o the_o other_o which_o may_v be_v attribute_v to_o the_o ignorance_n of_o permutation_n of_o commodity_n for_o commodity_n if_o money_n do_v not_o rule_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n and_o the_o course_n of_o exchange_n for_o money_n do_v not_o over-rule_v the_o property_n of_o money_n wherefore_o let_v we_o note_v the_o cause_n which_o be_v declare_v in_o the_o treatise_n of_o the_o canker_n of_o england_n common_a wealth_n where_o we_o may_v see_v that_o our_o home_n commodity_n be_v abate_v in_o price_n four_o manner_n of_o way_n 1_o by_o scarcity_n of_o money_n with_o we_o which_o make_v thing_n good_a cheap_a 2_o by_o the_o gain_n seek_v upon_o money_n which_o otherwise_o will_v be_v seek_v upon_o the_o commodity_n 3_o by_o a_o high_a course_n of_o exchange_n which_o draw_v the_o money_n to_o be_v deliver_v in_o nature_n of_o exchange_n only_o or_o by_o a_o low_a price_n of_o exchange_n which_o be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o exportation_n of_o our_o money_n 4_o by_o the_o rash_a sale_n of_o our_o commodity_n by_o such_o as_o have_v small_a stock_n foreign_a commodity_n on_o the_o contrary_n be_v advance_v in_o price_n four_o manner_n of_o way_n 1_o through_o plenty_n of_o money_n in_o other_o country_n which_o make_v thing_n dear_a 2_o by_o a_o high_a exchange_n beyond_o the_o sea_n which_o yield_v a_o loss_n and_o by_o a_o low_a exchange_n which_o cause_v few_o taker_n up_o of_o money_n and_o drive_v man_n to_o make_v return_n in_o foreign_a commodity_n 3_o by_o the_o advance_v of_o the_o price_n of_o their_o money_n above_o the_o value_n 4_o for_o that_o the_o principal_a commodity_n be_v engross_v into_o rich_a man_n hand_n the_o course_n of_o this_o inequality_n may_v be_v illustrate_v by_o the_o comparison_n suppose_v that_o you_o be_v a_o lord_n of_o some_o island_n that_o do_v yield_v great_a store_n of_o corn_n or_o grain_n and_o also_o great_a quantity_n of_o wool_n and_o another_o be_v lord_n of_o another_o island_n that_o do_v yield_v great_a abundance_n of_o spice_n and_o sugar_n and_o great_a quantity_n of_o silk_n and_o silk_n ware_n be_v thing_n serve_v either_o for_o the_o belly_n or_o back_n both_o of_o you_o do_v desire_n to_o live_v in_o the_o civil_a manner_n that_o you_o can_v devise_v or_o imagine_v and_o which_o be_v please_v most_o your_o mind_n and_o want_v the_o use_n of_o money_n you_o be_v desirous_a to_o have_v some_o of_o his_o spice_n sugar_n and_o silk_n and_o willing_a to_o give_v he_o by_o way_n of_o permutation_n or_o barter_n corn_n grain_n or_o wool_n for_o they_o whereupon_o by_o mutual_a conference_n according_a to_o reason_n both_o of_o you_o do_v agree_v what_o quantity_n of_o each_o commodity_n one_o will_v deliver_v for_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o other_o and_o that_o chief_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o use_n of_o every_o man_n commodity_n but_o because_o many_o
wherein_o the_o example_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v predominant_a but_o leave_v the_o matter_n of_o commodity_n let_v we_o come_v to_o entreat_v of_o money_n money_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o be_v the_o rule_n and_o square_a to_o set_v a_o price_n unto_o every_o thing_n as_o be_v the_o public_a measure_n to_o maintain_v a_o certain_a equality_n in_o buy_v and_o sell_v must_v therefore_o have_v his_o stand_a valuation_n only_o by_o public_a authority_n of_o prince_n as_o a_o matter_n annex_v to_o their_o crown_n and_o dignity_n for_o they_o be_v the_o warrant_n of_o the_o money_n unto_o their_o subject_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o this_o measure_n of_o thing_n namely_o money_n shall_v not_o be_v falsify_v by_o make_v the_o same_o general_o more_o or_o less_o whereby_o the_o price_n of_o thing_n will_v become_v incertain_a if_o private_a man_n be_v suffer_v to_o have_v the_o handle_n thereof_o therefore_o be_v prince_n so_o careful_a to_o observe_v a_o certainty_n and_o equality_n of_o the_o price_n of_o money_n from_o time_n to_o time_n howbeit_o that_o the_o due_a regard_n which_o be_v to_o be_v have_v between_o their_o money_n and_o the_o money_n of_o other_o prince_n be_v by_o some_o less_o regard_v than_o the_o course_n thereof_o within_o their_o own_o dominion_n be_v of_o less_o importance_n have_v some_o base_a money_n currant_n with_o the_o good_a the_o price_n of_o money_n become_v incertain_a in_o particular_a when_o private_a man_n will_v give_v or_o receive_v any_o money_n in_o specie_fw-la above_o the_o price_n of_o their_o valuation_n impose_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o prince_n whereby_o every_o man_n undertake_v to_o advance_v still_o the_o price_n according_a as_o he_o see_v occasion_n to_o advance_v his_o gain_n by_o the_o necessity_n or_o use_n of_o another_o man_n that_o have_v cause_n to_o employ_v the_o money_n the_o use_n hereof_o be_v in_o many_o country_n severe_o prohibit_v and_o yet_o another_o way_n in_o a_o manner_n suffer_v for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o commonweal_n as_o those_o that_o be_v skilful_a in_o mint_n matter_n do_v very_o well_o know_v the_o price_n of_o money_n in_o general_n become_v incertain_a when_o usury_n be_v tolerate_v whereby_o one_o hundred_o pound_n be_v esteem_v and_o value_v in_o regard_n of_o time_n to_o be_v worth_a one_o hundred_o and_o ten_o pound_n and_o in_o some_o other_o country_n more_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o commodity_n be_v sell_v according_o when_o day_n be_v first_o give_v for_o the_o payment_n thereof_o every_o man_n suppose_v that_o he_o can_v make_v so_o much_o of_o his_o money_n which_o do_v proceed_v of_o his_o commodity_n this_o course_n be_v tolerate_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n make_v we_o to_o forbear_v to_o speak_v hereof_o spare_o because_o policy_n do_v think_v that_o thereby_o great_a evil_n be_v avoid_v which_o be_v compare_v to_o the_o operation_n and_o effect_n of_o usury_n write_v allegorical_o by_o i_o in_o another_o treatise_n may_v be_v balance_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o wise_a only_o to_o the_o end_n that_o through_o ignorance_n merchant_n and_o other_o may_v not_o fall_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o usury_n we_o have_v think_v good_a to_o give_v they_o this_o caveat_n and_o to_o make_v they_o to_o understand_v the_o true_a sense_n and_o definition_n of_o the_o branch_n of_o toleration_n of_o that_o statute_n the_o rather_o for_o that_o some_o man_n do_v seem_v to_o charge_v the_o maker_n thereof_o with_o a_o great_a absurdity_n for_o say_v they_o the_o statute_n give_v ability_n for_o a_o man_n to_o take_v one_o way_n ten_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n or_o more_o for_o the_o use_n of_o one_o hundred_o pound_n for_o one_o year_n be_v deliver_v out_o for_o two_o year_n and_o another_o way_n he_o can_v take_v ten_o pound_n five_o shilling_n and_o less_o for_o one_o year_n but_o he_o shall_v be_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o statute_n but_o if_o they_o have_v a_o due_a consideration_n that_o time_n be_v proper_o the_o judge_n hereof_o and_o that_o they_o can_v not_o make_v the_o statute_n without_o the_o limitation_n of_o a_o time_n certain_a they_o will_v not_o find_v any_o absurdity_n therein_o for_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v it_o otherwise_o more_o certain_a the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v in_o effect_n none_o may_v have_v receive_v accept_v or_o take_v for_o the_o lend_n or_o forbear_v of_o his_o or_o their_o money_n for_o one_o whole_a year_n or_o for_o a_o long_o or_o a_o short_a time_n or_o for_o a_o more_o or_o less_o sum_n above_o the_o rate_n of_o 10_o pound_n pro_fw-la 100_o yearly_a 37._o h._n 8._o and_o this_o statute_n to_o be_v most_o strong_o &_o strict_o construe_v for_o the_o suppression_n of_o all_o usury_n both_o direct_o and_o indirect_o as_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13._o of_o her_o most_o excellent_a majesty_n to_o make_v it_o evident_o appear_v that_o of_o necessity_n time_n be_v herein_o efficient_a and_o active_a and_o the_o rate_n of_o 10_o pro_fw-la 100_o positive_a and_o passive_a let_v we_o suppose_v that_o you_o do_v deliver_v at_o interest_n one_o hundred_o pound_n for_o three_o month_n after_o ten_o upon_o the_o hundred_o you_o may_v lawful_o receive_v at_o the_o three_o month_n end_n two_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n for_o your_o interest_n and_o continue_v the_o hundred_o pound_n again_o for_o other_o three_o month_n by_o a_o new_a contract_n or_o agreement_n and_o then_o receive_v again_o two_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n continue_v in_o this_o manner_n for_o the_o whole_a year_n by_o four_o several_a agreement_n whereby_o you_o do_v receive_v three_o part_n of_o your_o interest_n at_o several_a time_n within_o the_o year_n which_o interest_n you_o may_v put_v out_o also_o to_o usury_n and_o so_o take_v above_o 10_o pro_fw-la 100_o without_o incur_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o statute_n because_o your_o agreement_n have_v from_o time_n to_o time_n alter_v the_o property_n of_o the_o interest_n money_n which_o you_o do_v receive_v and_o that_o which_o before_o be_v another_o be_v thereby_o become_v you_o and_o thereof_o you_o may_v lawful_o dispose_v again_o but_o if_o you_o do_v deliver_v out_o 100_o pound_n from_o the_o begin_n for_o one_o whole_a year_n than_o you_o can_v have_v but_o 10_o pound_n interest_n for_o the_o same_o at_o the_o year_n end_v with_o your_o principal_n for_o the_o property_n of_o the_o 10_o pound_n be_v not_o till_o then_o alter_v by_o your_o agreement_n thus_o be_v it_o with_o money_n deliver_v for_o a_o short_a time_n in_o like_a manner_n be_v it_o for_o money_n deliver_v out_o for_o a_o long_a time_n as_o for_o example_n one_o deliver_v out_o a_o 100_o pound_n for_o four_o year_n for_o the_o which_o at_o the_o four_o year_n end_n he_o can_v receive_v but_o 140_o pound_n but_o if_o he_o do_v deliver_v out_o 100_o pound_n for_o one_o year_n he_o may_v at_o the_o year_n end_v receive_v 10_o pound_n for_o interest_n and_o continue_v the_o 100_o pound_n again_o for_o the_o second_o year_n by_o a_o new_a agreement_n and_o then_o receive_v another_o 10_o pound_n and_o so_o for_o the_o three_o and_o four_o year_n now_o whereas_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o several_a agreement_n according_a to_o the_o time_n he_o have_v alter_v the_o property_n of_o the_o interest_n money_n and_o receive_v 10_o pound_n the_o first_o year_n he_o may_v put_v out_o again_o this_o 10_o pound_n as_o his_o own_o for_o another_o year_n and_o so_o have_v interest_n thereof_o twenty_o shilling_n whereby_o he_o receive_v 11_o pound_n the_o second_o year_n which_o be_v put_v out_o for_o the_o three_o and_o four_o year_n will_v yield_v he_o according_o in_o like_a manner_n for_o the_o 10_o pound_n receive_v the_o second_o and_o three_o year_n which_o will_v yield_v he_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n according_o so_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v above_o 146_o pound_n be_v thus_o deliver_v out_o the_o body_n of_o his_o sum_n still_o remain_v whole_a and_o be_v only_o distinguish_v by_o time_n which_o make_v the_o difference_n again_o let_v we_o suppose_v that_o the_o 100_o pound_n be_v deliver_v out_o from_o the_o begin_n for_o four_o year_n to_o be_v repay_v by_o 25_o pound_n a_o year_n and_o the_o interest_n it_o follow_v proportionable_o that_o the_o first_o year_n he_o be_v to_o receive_v 27_o pound_n 10_o shilling_n the_o second_o year_n 30_o pound_n the_o three_o year_n 32_o pound_n 10_o shilling_n and_o the_o four_o year_n 35_o pound_n which_o make_v all_o but_o 125_o pound_n add_v unto_o this_o the_o interest_n of_o 25_o pound_n receive_v in_o deduction_n of_o his_o principal_a three_o year_n before_o the_o time_n which_o be_v 7_o pound_n 10_o shilling_n and_o of_o 25_o pound_n more_o in_o like_a manner_n for_o 2_o year_n which_o
how_o absurd_a it_o be_v let_v the_o wise_a judge_n by_o the_o difference_n between_o a_o banker_n and_o a_o general_a exchanger_n the_o banker_n do_v draw_v unto_o himself_o all_o the_o money_n of_o other_o man_n make_v his_o small_a stock_n to_o be_v infinite_a and_o the_o exchanger_n must_v with_o his_o own_o stock_n supply_v other_o man_n occasion_n for_o no_o man_n be_v command_v or_o by_o policy_n of_o course_n compel_v to_o deliver_v money_n unto_o he_o the_o banker_n do_v make_v the_o price_n of_o exchange_n with_o the_o correspondency_n of_o other_o bank_n elsewhere_o at_o his_o pleasure_n or_o most_o advantage_n the_o exchanger_n can_v have_v no_o correspondency_n with_o other_o bank_n for_o he_o be_v limit_v how_o to_o deal_v at_o a_o certainty_n in_o price_n by_o exchange_n and_o therefore_o must_v have_v his_o factor_n or_o servant_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n in_o the_o place_n of_o traffic_n but_o because_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o please_v man_n humour_n in_o the_o reformation_n of_o abuse_n which_o either_o for_o gain_v some_o will_v have_v to_o continue_v or_o other_o through_o ignorance_n do_v not_o understand_v therefore_o be_v there_o another_o mean_v propound_v to_o keep_v a_o due_a course_n in_o matter_n of_o exchange_n without_o a_o exchanger_n by_o a_o proscription_n in_o a_o pair_n of_o table_n to_o all_o swear_a broker_n how_o to_o make_v the_o price_n of_o exchange_n for_o all_o place_n according_a to_o value_n for_o value_n which_o will_v be_v easy_a and_o in_o effect_n aequum_fw-la &_o bonum_fw-la as_o we_o have_v declare_v so_o as_o a_o due_a regard_n be_v have_v of_o the_o circumstance_n of_o thing_n note_v always_o this_o coherence_n that_o even_o as_o plenty_n of_o money_n make_v with_o we_o a_o low_a exchange_n and_o the_o low_a price_n of_o exchange_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o transportation_n of_o our_o money_n that_o so_o by_o procure_v plenty_n of_o money_n we_o do_v not_o procure_v therewithal_o the_o cause_n of_o exportation_n and_o hunt_v as_o it_o be_v after_o our_o own_o shadow_n some_o other_o have_v think_v this_o matter_n to_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n incurable_a or_o impossible_a to_o be_v effect_v now_o adays_o consider_v the_o great_a trade_n when_o to_o speak_v true_o the_o trade_n of_o our_o commodity_n be_v much_o decay_a and_o without_o that_o they_o can_v yield_v or_o give_v any_o probable_a reason_n thereof_o but_o that_o the_o difficulty_n and_o sickness_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v admit_v it_o as_o who_o shall_v say_v it_o be_v better_a to_o let_v a_o sick_a body_n languish_v to_o death_n then_o to_o make_v he_o drink_v a_o unsavoury_a potion_n to_o restore_v he_o to_o health_n for_o i_o own_o part_n i_o have_v think_v it_o my_o duty_n in_o regard_n of_o profession_n to_o publish_v and_o prefer_v sincere_o according_a to_o my_o small_a talon_n any_o thing_n which_o may_v make_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n especial_o it_o be_v agreeable_a with_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n wish_v that_o other_o man_n endue_v with_o more_o learning_n and_o adorn_v with_o excellent_a virtue_n will_v be_v always_o careful_a to_o do_v the_o like_a in_o that_o which_o concern_v their_o profession_n and_o hereunto_o i_o have_v be_v the_o more_o encourage_v for_o that_o since_o the_o publish_n of_o my_o treatise_n aforesaid_a and_o by_o mean_n of_o my_o private_a advice_n unto_o diverse_a without_o boast_v or_o arrogancy_n be_v it_o speak_v there_o have_v be_v a_o better_a course_n take_v by_o observe_v the_o nature_n of_o exchange_n whereby_o great_a store_n of_o silver_n bullion_n and_o some_o gold_n have_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o realm_n for_o the_o general_a benefit_n and_o good_a of_o the_o bringer_n thereof_o which_o do_v put_v i_o in_o hope_n that_o the_o like_a vigilancy_n and_o regard_n will_v be_v have_v by_o diverse_a in_o the_o sale_n of_o our_o home_n commodity_n and_o the_o buy_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n beyond_o the_o sea_n with_o a_o due_a inspection_n to_o equity_n and_o justice_n in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n which_o recommend_v unto_o we_o providence_n and_o do_v not_o altogether_o exclude_v policy_n especial_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o government_n of_o a_o state_n or_o kingdom_n in_o study_v the_o way_n of_o preservation_n and_o augmentation_n of_o the_o wealth_n thereof_o which_o can_v proper_o be_v do_v but_o by_o these_o mean_n for_o the_o same_o can_v decrease_v but_o by_o the_o transportation_n of_o our_o money_n and_o treasure_n and_o by_o sell_v our_o home_n commodity_n too_o good_a cheap_a and_o pay_v too_o dear_a for_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n as_o we_o have_v note_v before_o to_o which_o end_n we_o be_v to_o compare_v the_o price_n of_o thing_n betwixt_o we_o and_o other_o nation_n with_o who_o we_o deal_v and_o not_o to_o show_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o dearth_n of_o thing_n with_o master_n bodine_n by_o examine_v the_o price_n thereof_o within_o the_o commonwealth_n where_o we_o do_v live_v without_o make_v any_o application_n thereof_o for_o the_o general_a good_a of_o the_o realm_n for_o the_o conservation_n whereof_o prayer_n and_o mean_n be_v requisite_a at_o all_o time_n veritas_fw-la unita_fw-la valet_fw-la