Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n
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A48390
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The life and death of Charles the First King of Great Britain, France and Ireland: containing an account of his sufferings; his tryal, sentence, and dying words on the scaffold; and his sorrowful farewel and advice to his children, and the whole nation in general.
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1690
(1690)
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Wing L1992A; ESTC R216673
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16,808
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17
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that an unjust Sentence that I suffer'd to take effect is punish'd by an unjust Sentence upon me so far I have said to shew you that I am an Innocent Man Now to shew you that I am a good Christian I hope there is a good Man Pointing to the Bishop that will bear me witness that I have forgiven all the World and even those in particular that have been the cause of Death who they are God knows I do not desire to know I pray God forgive them but this not all my Charity must go farther I wish that they may Repent indeed they have committed a great sin in that particular I pray God with St. Stephen that be not laid to their charge and withal that they may take the way to the peace of the Kingdom for my Charity commands me not only to forgive particular men but endeavour to the last gasp the peace of the Kingdom So Sirs I do with all my Soul I see there are some here that will carry it farther the peace of the Kingdom Sirs I must shew you how you are out of the way and put you in the way first you are out of the way for certaily all the ways you ever had yet as far as ever I could find by any thing If in the way of Conquest certainly this is an ill way for Conquest in my Opinion is never just except there be a good and just Cause either for matter of Wrong or a just Title and then if you go beyond the first Quarrel that makes that Unjust at the end that was Just at first for if there be only matter of Conquest then it is a Robbery as a Pirate said to Alexander that he was a great Robber himself was but a petty Robber and so Sirs I think for the way that you are in you are much out of the way Now Sirs to put put you in the way believe it you shall never go right nor God will never prosper you until you give God his Due the King his Due that is my Successor and the People their Due I am as much for them as any of you You must give God his Due by regulating the Church according to the Scripture which is now out of order and to set you in a way particularly now I cannot but only this A National Synod freely call'd freely debating among themselves must settle this When every Opinion is freely heard For the King indeed I will not the Laws of the Land will clearly instruct you for that therefore because it concerns my own particular I only give you a touch of it For the people truly I desire their Liberty and Freedom as much as any body whosoever but I must tell you that their Liberty and Freedom consists in having Government under those Laws by which their Lives and theirs may be most their own It is not in having a share in the Government that is nothing appertaining to them a Subject and a Sovereign are clear differing things and therefore until you do that I mean that you put the People into that Liberty as I say they will never enjoy themselves Sir It was for this that now I am come hither for if I would have given way to an Arbitrary Course to have all Laws chang'd according to the Power of the Sword I need not to have come here and therefore I tell you and I pray to God it be not laid to your charge that I am the Martyr of the People In troth Sirs I shall not hold you any longer I will only say this to you that I could have desired some little time longer because I would have a little better digested this I have said and therefore I hope you will excuse me I have delivered my Conscience I pray God you take take Courses that are the best for the good of the Kingdom and your own Salvation Bishop Tho' your Majesties affections may be very well known as to Religion yet it may be expected that you should say something thereof for the World's Satisfaction King I thank you heartily my Lord for that I had almost forgotten it in Troth Sirs my Conscience in Religion I think is very well known to all the World and therefore I declare before you all That I dye a Christian according to the Profession of the Church of England as I found it left me by my Father and this honest Man I think will witness it Then speaking to the Executioner he said I shall say but very short Prayers and when I thrust out my hands let that be your Sign Then he called to the Bishop for his Night Cap and having put it on he said to the Executioner Does my Hair trouble you who desired him to put it all under his Cap which the King did accordingly with the help of the Executioner and the Bishop Then turning to the Executioner he said I have a good Cause and a righteous God on my side Bishop There is but one Stage more this Stage is turbulent and full of trouble it is a short one but you may consider it will soon carry you a very great way It will carry you from Earth to Heaven and there you will find a great deal of Cordial Joy and Happiness King I go from a Corruptible to an Incorruptible Crown where no disturbance can be no disturbance in the World Bishop You are Exchanged from a Temporary to an Eternal Crown a good Exchange Then the King said is my Hair well and took off his Cloak and his George giving his George to the Bishop saying Remember Then he put off his Dublet and being in his Wastecoat he put on his Cloak again then looking upon the Block he said to the Executioner You must set it fast Executioner It is fast Sir King When I put out my Hands this way stretching them out Then do your Work after having said two or three Words to himself as he stood with Hands lift up to Heaven immediately stooping down he laid his Neck upon the Block And then the Executioner again putting his Hair under his Cap the King thinking he had been going to strike said Stay for the Sign Executioner Yes I will and 't pleasure your Majesty Then after a little pause the King stretching forth his Hands the Executioner at one blow severed his Head from his Body which with his Body was put into a Coffin cover'd with black Velvet and carried into his Lodgings at White-hall From thence it was carried to his House at St. James's where his Body was Embalm'd and put into a Coffin of Lead and there lay a Fortnight to be seen of the People On Wednesday seven-night after his Corps embalm'd and coffin'd in Lead was deliver'd to the care of four of his Servants viz. Mr. Herbert Captain Anthony Mildmay Captain Preston and Mr. John Joyner who with others in Mourning accompanied the Herse that night to Windsor and placed it in the Room which was formerly the King's
North. The King answer'd these Petitioners to their Satisfaction which was to Summon all the Peers to Consult what would be most Conducive to the safety and Honour of the Nation who accordingly met S. p. 24. where it was determin'd that a Parliament should be call'd to meet Novem. 3â— and in the mean time a Cessation should be made with the Scots Novem 3d. began that fatal Parliament that Involved the Nation in a Sea of blood ruin'd the King and betray'd all there own Privileges and the Peoples Liberty into the Power of a Phanatick and Perfidious Army And tho' his Majesty could not hope to find them Moderate yet he endeavour'd to make them so Committing himself freely to the Direction of his English Subjects promising to satisfie all their just Grievances but the Malignity of some few and the Ignorance of others Employ'd that Assembly to other matters First in purging the House of such as they thought would not comply with their Destructive Enterprizes then they declar'd upon publick Grievances every way raising up Contumelies against the present Power Then they fell upon all the Chief Ministers of State Impeach'd the Earl of Strafford the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury and others and after five Months time for so long they took to take up Evidence the Earl of Strafford is brought to his Tryal Condemn'd and Beheaded when this was done the Parliament began to think of sending home the Scots and his Majesty follows them into Scotland to settle the Kingdom while the King was here broke out the Popish Rebellion in Ireland which help'd yet more to enflame matters The next thing after the Kings Return from Scotland was to take away the Votes of the Bishops in the House of Lords and the Ceremonies in the Church And Twelve of the Bishops that Protested aganst this unwarrantable Proceeding were Committed to the Tower They spread a rumour that they intended to Impeach the Queen of High-Treason which necesitates the King to send Her into France for her Security and besides the attempts upon his Honour they endeavour another upon his Family in Seizing upon the Prince and Duke of York which the King hearing he immediately removes with the two young Princes to Theobalds in order to his Journey to the North where he intended to settle his Abode till he saw what Issue this storm would have and that the King on his arrival there should not make use of that Magazine at Hull which at his own Charges he had provided for the Scotch Expedition The Parliament send down Sir John Hotham to Seize upon them who when his Majesty approach'd the Place shut the Gates against him aed deny'd him Entrance And now began to kindle the War which soon took Fire on the whole Nation The Parliament having the Navy in their Hands Some vain Proposals of Peace from the King hasten'd all they cou'd to raise Horse and Foot They seiz'd also upon the Revenues of the King Queen Prince and Bishops and plunder'd the Houses of those Lords and Gentlemen whom they Suspected to be Favourites of the Kings Cause His Majesty in the interim moved from York to Nothingham and thence to Shrewsbury gathering an Army greater than his Enemies imagin'd he could have form'd with which he begins his March towards London and in his way thither met with Essex's Army and at Edgehill gave them Battle and Routed them took Banbury and enter'd Tryumphantly into Oxford and having secur'd that Place he Advances toward London and fell upon the remainder of Esse's Army at Brentford sunk their Ordnance and took Five hundred Prisoners and intended to proceed to London but that he had intelligence that the City was sending all their Auxillaries to Re-inforce Essex's Troops wherefore he returned again to Oxford At the opening of the Spring 1643. the Queen comes back into England bringing with her considerable Supplies and great successes follow'd it for he obtains an Advantage at Edghill that Oxford and is Marching toward London Successes follow'd it This put the Parliament upon a direct Method to encrase the Nations Miseries by calling in the Scotch to their assistance The Winter was spent on both sides in preparations tho' the King wrote for Peace but they burnt his Letters by the Hand of the Common Hangman The Parliament Forces encreased by the Scotish Succours obtain several Advantages over the Kings Party His Majesty having once more provided for the safety of the Queen by sending her to Exeter there to be brought to Bed and from thence seek shelter in France taking his last farewell of her left Oxford strengthned against the Siege and afterwards falling upon Sir William Waller at Cropedy-Bridge obtained a Compleat Victory which wou'd have been of more Consequence but for his Majesties tenderness in shedding his Subjects Blood But all these little Advantages weighed little to what soon followed in the Irrepareable Blow to the King's Interest receiv'd at Marston-Moor under Prince Rupert which was seconded by the Surrender of York and all the whole North was reduc d to the Obedience of the Parliament The King had some small success in the West against Fssex yet in general the tyde run against him and his Forces grew Weaker every day Jan. 10th the Arch-Bishop Laud was Beheaded on Tower-Hill The fatal Battle of Naseby follow'd soon after upon which the Kings Garrisons Surrender'd by heaps and his Affairs quite ruined in England all his hopes were now on Scotland which Montross had Conqur'd almost from one end to the other but at last he was quite Vanquish'd under these Distresses His Majesty finding no Security for his Person for the Parliament would not let him come to London wherefore having no other hopes he put himself into the Power of the Scots then Besieging Newark who instead of Protecting him make a Bargain and Sale of him to the Parliament for 200000l and 200000l more when they had deliver'd up Berwick and other English Garrisons they were Possess'd of so the Scots return home and the English having bought the King confine him to Holmby-House a Seat of his own in Northamtonshire And now the business as they thought being done there was like to be more Disputes for the next Difference is between the Parliament and the Army the latter Seize the King and oppose and give Laws to their Masters So that now both the Army and the Parliament Court his Majesty The latter send him Conditions of Peace and the former offer to Settle him on his Throne he rejected those Propositions Nor did they agree much better about his Person The Parliament send Instructions for his being resident at Richmond but the Army cannot submit to his being so near the Parliament they Convey him first to Royston thence to Hatfield and not long after to Causam and at length to Hampton-Court And now the Mistery of Iniquity begins to work Cromwell being affraid that the King shou'd aggree with the Parliament offer'd to stand by him with the Army and