Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	good_a	great_a	true_a	2,848	5	3.8360	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A00883	Here begynneth a newe tracte or treatyse moost p[ro]fytable for all husba[n]de men and very frutefull for all other persones to rede, newly correcte [sic] [and] amended by the auctour, with dyuerse other thynges added thervnto.; Book of husbandry	Fitzherbert, John, d. 1531.; Fitzherbert, Anthony, Sir, 1470-1538.	1530 (1530)	STC 10995; ESTC S112249	77,392	140

than pull away thy wedge and it wyll stande moche faster Thanne take tough clay lyke marley laye it vpon the stocke ●eed and with thy fynger lay it close vnto the graffe and a lytell vnder the heed to kepe it moyst and that no wynde come in to the stocke at the cleuyng Than take mosse and lay ther vpon for chynynge of the clay than take a baste of whyte wethy or elme or halfe a brere and bynde the mosse the clay and the graffe togyder but be well ware that thou breake not thy graffe neyther in the clayenge nor in the byndynge and thou must set some thynge by thy graffe that crowes nor byrdes do not lyght vpon thy graffe for and they do they wyll breake them ¶ To graffe bytwene the barke and the tree THere is an other maner of graffynge thā this and sooner done and sooner to grow but it is more ieopardy for wynde whan it begineth to growe Thou must sawe thy stocke and pare the heed therof as thou dydest before but cleue it not than take thy graffe cut it in the ioynt to the myddes make the tenaunt therof half an inche longe or a lytell moreal on the one syde pare the barke awaye a lytell at the poynt on the other syde thā thou must haue made redy a ponche of harde wode with a stoppe and a tenaunt on the one syde lyke to the tenaūt of the graffe Than put the tenaūt of the ponche bytwene the barke the wode of the stocke and pull it out agayne put in the graffe se that it ioyne close or els mende it And this can not fayle for n●w the sappe cometh on euery syde but it wyll sprynge so fast that yfit stande on playne grounde the wynde is lykely to blowe it besyde the heed for it hath no fastnes in the wode And this is y● best remedy for blowynge of to cut or clyppe awaye some of y● nethermest leaues as they growe And this is the best waye to graffe and specyally a grete tree than clay it and bynde it as thou dydest the other ¶ To nourysshe all maner of stone fruyte and nuttes AS for cheryes dampsons bulleys plummes and suche other may be set on the stones and also of the scyences growynge aboute the tree of the same for they wyll sonest beare Fylberdes and wal nuttes may be set on the nuttes in a gardeyn after remoued and set where he wyll But whan they be ▪ re remoued they wolde be set vpon as good as a groūd or a better or els they wyll not lyke ¶ A short informacyon for a yonge gentylman that entendeth to thryue IAduyse hym to get a copy of this present booke and to rede it frome the begynnynge to the endynge wherby he may perceyue the chapytres contentes in the same by reason of ofte redynge he may waxe perfyte what sholde be done at all seasons For I lerned two verses at grāmer scole those be these Gntta cauat lapidē non vi sed sepe cadendo sic homo fit sapiens non vi sed sepe legendo A droppe of water perseth a stone not all onely by his strenghe but by his often fallynge Ryghte so a man shall be made wyse not al only by hym selfe but by his oft redyng And so may this yonge gentylman accordynge to the season of the yere rede to his seruauntes what chapytre he wyll And also for any other maner of ꝓfyte conteyned in the same the whiche is necessary for a yonge husbande that hath not the experyence of husbandry nor other thynges conteyned in this present booke to take a good remembraunce credence thervnto for there is an olde saynge but of what auctoryte I cā nat tell Quod melior est practica rusticorum quam scientia philosophorum It is better the practyue or knowledge of an husbande man well proued than the scyence or connynge of a philosopher not proued for there is nothynge touchynge husbandry other profytes conteyned in this present booke but I haue had the experyence therof and proued the same And ouer and besyde all this booke I wyll aduyse hym to ryse betyme in the mornynge accordynge to the verse before of s Sanat sanctificat et dicat surgere mane And to go abbute his closes pastures feeldes specyally by the hedges and to haue in his purse a payre of tables and whan he seeth ony thynge that wolde be amended to wryte it in his tables as and he finde ony horses mares beestes shepe swyne or geese in his pastures that be not his owne And perauenture though they be his owne he wolde not haue them to go there or to fynde a gap or a sherde in his hedge or ony water standynge in his pastures vpon his grasse wherby he may take double hurte bothe losse of his grasse and rottynge of his shepe and calues And also of standynge water in his corne feeldes at the landes endes or sydes and howe he wolde haue his landes plowed dōged sturred or sowen And his corne weded or shorne or his cattel shyfted out of one pasture ī to an other to loke what dychynge quycksettynge or plasshyng is necessary to be had and to ouer se his shepeherde how he handleth ordreth his shepe his seruauntes how they plowe do theyr warkes or yf ony gate be broken downe or want ony staues go not lyghtly to opē and tyne that it do not trayle that the wyndes blowe it not open with many moo necessary thynges y● are to be loked vpon For a man alway wandrng or goynge about somwhat fyndeth or seeth that is amysse and wold be amended And as sone as he seeth any suche defautes thā let hym take out his tables and wryte the defautes And whan he cometh home to dyner souper or at nyghte than let hym call his bayly or his hede seruante and to shewe hym the defautes that they may be shortly amended And whan it is amended than let hym put it oute of his tables For this vsed I to do x. or xii yeres and more and thus let hym vse dayly and in shorte space he shall set moche thynge in good ordre but dayly it wyll haue mendynge And yf he can not wryte lette hym nycke the defautes vpon a stycke and to shewe his bayly as I sayd before Also take hede bothe erly and late at all tymes what maner people resort and come to thy house and the cause of theyr comynge specyally yf they brynge with them pytchers cannes tanckardes bottels bagges wallettes or busshell pokes for yf thy seruauntes be nat true they may do the great hurte them selfe lytell auauntage wherfore they wolde be well loked vpon And he that hath two trew seruantes a man seruaunt and an other a woman seruant he hath a great treasure for a trew seruaunt wyll do iustly hym selfe and yf he se his felowes do amysse he wyll bydde them do no

sprytteth that that lyeth aboue often tymes it is grene whan the other is rype and whan it is thresshed there is moche lyght corne ¶ To sowe otes ANd in Marche it is tyme to sowe otes specyally vpon lyght grounde drye howe be it they wyll grow on weter groūde than any corne els for wete grounde is good for no maner of corne and thre London busshels wyll sow an acre And it is to be knowē that there be thre maner of otes that is to saye rede otes blacke otes roughe otes Rede otes are the best otes and whan they be thresshed they be yelow in y● busshell very good to make otemele of Black otes are as great as they be but they haue nat so moche floure in them for they haue a thycker huske and also they be nat so good to make otemele of The rough otes be the worst otes and it quyteth nat the cost to sowe them they be very lyght haue longe tayles wherby they wyll hange eche one to other All these maner otes weare the grounde very sore and maketh it to be quyche ¶ A yonge husbande ought to take hede howe thycke he soweth all maner of corne two or thre yeres to se how it cometh vp whether it be thycke ynoughe or nat and yf it be thyn sowe thycker the nexte yere yf it be well holde his hande there other yeres and yf it be to thyn let hym remember hym selfe whether it be for the vnsesonablenes of the wether or fere of thyn sowynge And so his wysdome and dyscressyon must dyscerne it ¶ To harow all maner of cornes NOw these landes be plowed the cornes sowē it is conuenient that they be well harowed or els crowes douues and other byrdes wyll eate and beare away the cornes It is vsed in many contreys husbandes to haue an oxe harowe the which is made of syxe small pyeces of tymbre called harowe bulles made eyther of asshe or oke they be two yardes longe and as moche as the small of a mannes legge haue shotes of woode put thrughe them lyke lathes and in euery bull are syxe sharpe peces of yren called harow tyndes set som what a slope forwarde the formoste slote muste be bygger than the other bycause the fote teame shal be fastened to the same with a shakell or a with to drawe by This harowe is good to breake the greate clottes and to make moche molde and than the horse harowes to come after to make the clottes smaller and to lay the grounde euen ¶ It is a great labour and payne to the oxen to go to harow for they were better to go to the plowe two dayes than to harowe one daye It is an olde saynge the oxe is neuer wo tyll he to the harow go And it is bycause it gothe by wytches and nat alway after one draught The horse harow is made of fyne bulles and passe not an elle of length and not so moche as the other but they be lyke sloted tynded And whan the corne is well couered than it is harowed ynoughe There be horse harowes that haue tyndes of wode and those be vsed moche aboute Ryppon suche other places where be many bulder stones for these stones wolde weare the yren to sone those tyndes be mooste comonly made of the groūde ende of a yonge asshe and they be more than a fote longe in y● begynnyng stande as moche aboue the harowe as benethe And as they weare or breke they dryue them downe lower they wolde be made longe before or they be occupyed that they may be drye for than they shall endure last moche better stycke the faster The horses that shall drawe these harowes must be well kepte shodde or els they wyll sone be tyred and sore bete that they may not draw They must haue hombers or collers holmes withed about theyr neckes tresses to draw by and a swyngletre to holde the tresses abrode and a togewith to be betwene y● swyngleter the harow And yf the barley grounde wyll nat breke with harowes but be clotty it wolde be beaten with malles not streyght down for than they bete the corne into the erthe And yf they bete the clot on the syde it wyll the better breke And y● clot wyll lye lyghte y● the corne may lyghtly come vp And they vse to role theyr barley groūd after a shoure of rayne to make the grounde euen to mowe ¶ To falowe ▪ NOw these husbandes haue sowen theyr pease beanes barley otes and harowed thē it is the best tyme to falow in the latter ende of Marche Apryll for whete rye barley And let the husband do the best he can to plowe a brode forow and a depe so that he turne it clene and lay it flat that it rere nat on the edge the whiche shall destroye all the thystyls and wedes For the deper the broder that he gothe the more newe molde and the greater clottes shall he haue and the greater clottes the better whete for the clottes kepe the whete warme all wynter and at Marche they wyll melte and breke and fall in many small pyeces the which is a newe dongynge and refresshynge of the corne And also there shall but lytell wedes growe vpon the falowes that are so falowed for the ploughe goth vndernethe the rotes of all maner of wedes turneth the rote vpwarde that it may not growe yf the lande be falowed in wynter tyme it is farre the worse for thre pryncypall causes One is all the rayne that cometh shall wasshe the lande dryue awaye the dounge and the good moldē that the land shal be moche the worse An other cause the rayn shall bete the lande so flatte bake it so harde to gyder that yf a drye Maye come it wyll be to harde to stere in the moneth of June And the thyrde cause is The wedes shal take such rote or sterynge tyme com that they wyll not be clene turned vndernethe the which shal be great hurte to the corne whan it shal be sowen and specyally in the tyme of wedynge of the same for any other thynge make a depe holow forow in the rydge of the lande loke well thou rest balke it nat for and thou do there wyll be many thystyls than thou shalt not make a clene rydge at the fyrst steryng and therfore it must nedes be dep●plowed or els that shall not turne the wedes clene ¶ To cary out donge or mucke to sprede it ANd in the later ende of Apryll and the begyn nynge of Maye is tyme to cary oute his donge or muke and to lay it vpon his barley grounde And where he hath barley thys yere sowe it with whete or rye the nexte tyme it is falowed so shall he mucke all his landes ouer at euery seconde falowe But that husbande that can fynde the meanes to cary out his donge

wyll cause the to be amerced to be in the courte or els to make hym amēdes or bothe And yf thy horse breake his tedure go at large in euery maus corne grasse thā cometh the pynder taketh hym putteth hym in the pynfolde there shall he stande in pryson wtout any mete vnto the tyme thou hast payd his rauniom to the pynder also make amendes to thy neyghbours for destroynge of theyr corne Ryght so as longe as thou etest within thy tedure that thou nedest not to begge nor borowe of no man so longe shalte thou encrese growe in rychesse euery man wyll be content with the. And yf thou make thy tedure to long that thyne owne porcyon wyll not serue the but that thou shalt begge borow or bye of other that wyll not long endure but thou shalt fall in to pouerty And yf y● breke thy tedure ron ryot at large know not other mennes goodes from thyn owne than shall the pynder y● is to say the sheryff the bayly arest the put the in to the pynfolde that is to saye in pryson there to abyde tyll the treuthe be knowen and it is meruayle thou scape with thy lyfe therfore eate within thy tedure ¶ A shorte lesson for the husbande ONe thynge I wyl auyse the remēbre speryal ly in wynter whan thou syttest by the fyre hast souped to cōsydre in thy mynde whether y● warkes that thou thy wyfe thy seruātes shall do be more auaū tage to the than y● fyre candell lyght meat drynk that they shal spende yf it be more auaūtage than syt styll yf it be nat than go to thy bed slepe be vp betyme breake thy fast before day that thou mayst be all the short wynters daye aboute thy busynes At grāmer scole I lerned a verse that is this Sanat sanctificat et dicat surgere mane That is to say erly rysynge maketh a man hole in body holer in soule rycher in goodes And this me semeth sholde be a suffy cyent instruccyon for the husbande to kepe measure ¶ How do men of hye degree kepe measure TO me it is doubtful but as me semeth they be rather to lyberal in expences than to scarce specyally in thre thynges The fyrst is prodigalyte in outragyous costly araye fa●re aboue measure the seconde thynge is costly charge of delycyous meates drynkes the thyrde is outragyous playe and game farre a●oue all measure And now to the fyrst poynt ¶ Prodigalite in outragyous costly aray I Haue sene bokes of accompt of the yemen of the wardrobes of noble mē also inuētoties made after theyr decease of theyr appareyll I double not but at this day it is xx times more in value thā it was to suche a man in degre as he was an C. yere a go many tymes it is gyuē away or it be half worne to a symple man y● whiche causeth hym to were the same an other symple man or a lytle better seyng hym to were such rayment thynketh in his mynde y● he maye were as good rayment as he causeth hym to by suche other to his great cost charge aboue me sure an yll example to all other also to se mēnes seruantes so abused ī theyr aray theyr cotes be so syde that they be fayne to tucke them vp whan they ryde as women do theyr kyrtels whan they go to the market or other places the which is an vncōuenyent syght And forthermore they haue suche pleytes vpon theyr brestes ruffes vpon theyr sleues aboue theyr elbowes that theyr mayster or them selfe had neuer so great nede they coulde not shote one shote to hurte theyr enmyes tyll he haue cast of his cote or cut of his sleues this is farre aboue mesure This began fyrst with honour worshyp honesty it endeth in pryde presumpcyon and pouerty wherof speketh saynt Austyn Quēcunque superbum esse videris diaboli filium esse ne dubites That is to saye who so euer thou seest that is proude doute the nat but he is the sone of the deuyil wherfore agaynst pryde he byddeth the remēber Qd fuisti q ● es et qualis post mortem eris That is to say what thou were what thou art what thou shalte be after thy dethe And saynt Bernard saith Homo ni●hil alies quā sperma fetidū saccus stercorū et esca vermiū That is to say a mā is nothyng but stynkyng fylth a sacke of donge wormes mete the which saynges wolde be remembred than me semeth this is suffycyent at this tyme for the fyrst poynt of the thre ¶ Of delycyous meates and drynkes THe costly charges of delycyous metes drynkes y● be now most comonly vsed ouer y● it hath ben in tymes past farre aboue measure For I haue sene bokes of accompte of houssholde brumētes vpō the same I doute not but ī delicyous metes drīkes and spyces there is at this day foure tyme so moch● spent as was at these dayes to a lyke man in degree yet at the tyme there was as moche befe mutton spent as is now as many good housholdes kepte as many yemen wayters therin as benow This began with loue charyte whan a lorde gentylman or yemā desyredor praied an other to come to dyner or souꝑ by cause of his comīge he wold haue a dysshe or to two mo than he wolde haue had yf he had ben away Than of very loue he remēbring how louyngly he was bydden to dyner how wel he fared he thiketh of very kyndnes he must nedes byd him to dyner agayn so ordey neth for hym as many maner of suche dysshe meates as the other man dyd ii or iii. moo and thus by lytell lytell it is comē ferre aboue measure And begon of loue charite and endeth in pryde glotony wherof saynt Jerome sayth Qui post carnē ambulāt in ventrē et libidinē ꝓni sunt quasi irrationabilia iumēte reputātur That is to saye they that walke be redy to fulfyll the lust of the flesshe the bely are takē as vnreasonable feestes saynt Gregory sayth Dn̄ante vicio gule oēs virtutes ꝓ luxuriā et vanā gloriā obruūtur That is to say where the vyce of glotony hath dn̄acyon all vertues by luxury vaynglory as cast vnder the whiche sayenges wolde in lykewyse be remēbred this me semeth snfficient for the seconde poynt of y● thre ¶ Of outragyous playe and game IT is cōueniēt for euery man of what degre that he be of to haue playe game accordynge to his degre For Cathon sayth Interpone tuis iterdū gaudia curis Amonge thy charges or busynes thou must haue somtyme ioye and myrthe but now a dayes it is done ferre aboue measure For now a pore man in regarde wyll playe