Selected quad for the lemma: cause_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
cause_n	good_a	great_a	time_n	5,928	5	3.4202	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A50005	The manner of ordering fruit-trees by the Sieur Le Gendre ... ; wherein is treated of nurseries, wall-fruits, hedges of fruit-trees, dwarf-trees, high-standers, &c. ; written originally in French and translated faithfully into English at the request of severall persons of honour.; Manière de cultiver les arbres fruitiers. English	Arnauld d'Andilly, Monsieur (Robert), 1588-1674.; Evelyn, John, 1620-1706.	1660 (1660)	Wing L943A; ESTC R21095	73,508	218

give_v they_o their_o first_o shape_n tree_n may_v be_v prune_v all_o the_o winter_n long_o but_o it_o be_v better_a to_o stay_v till_o the_o hard_a frost_n be_v over_o and_o not_o to_o begin_v till_o the_o end_n of_o february_n in_o the_o wane_n and_o so_o from_o that_o time_n until_o the_o end_n of_o march_n especial_o for_o weak_a and_o tender_a tree_n as_o peach_n and_o apricot_n which_o be_v very_o subject_a to_o the_o frost_n great_a tree_n stand_v in_o the_o open_a air_n may_v be_v prune_v and_o clear_v of_o their_o wood_n until_o the_o end_n of_o april_n but_o if_o any_o great_a bough_n be_v cut_v from_o they_o you_o must_v observe_v to_o cut_v they_o close_o to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o to_o cap_n or_o cover_v they_o present_o for_o if_o the_o wood_n where_o it_o be_v cut_v remain_v uncover_v and_o open_a unto_o the_o air_n it_o rot_v and_o cause_v a_o hollowness_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o stem_n which_o increase_v by_o little_a and_o little_a get_v at_o length_n into_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o kill_v it_o the_o same_o accident_n happen_v to_o branch_n ill_o cut_v because_o of_o the_o stump_n there_o leave_v which_o hinder_v the_o recover_n of_o the_o bark_n therefore_o the_o gardener_n can_v be_v too_o careful_a in_o take_v off_o branch_n from_o his_o tree_n to_o cut_v they_o all_o very_a smooth_a and_o near_o the_o stem_n and_o if_o they_o be_v great_a to_o cover_v they_o immediate_o with_o galt_n or_o clay_n wrought_v with_o hay_n or_o moss_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o the_o heat_n and_o scorch_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o hinder_v the_o sap_n from_o come_v to_o the_o cut_n those_o chissel_v which_o joiner_n use_v be_v very_o commodious_a to_o cut_v off_o the_o great_a bough_n smooth_a and_o handsome_a do_v it_o much_o better_a than_o either_o bill_n or_o saw_n the_o great_a tree_n be_v thus_o clear_v and_o discharge_v of_o all_o their_o confuse_a and_o useless_a bough_n do_v ordinary_o put_v forth_o great_a store_n of_o false_a sprout_n which_o must_v every_o year_n be_v take_v off_o with_o great_a care_n to_o plash_n young_a tree_n plant_v against_o a_o wall_n after_o that_o the_o useless_a branch_n be_v take_v off_o and_o such_o as_o can_v well_o be_v bring_v unto_o the_o wall_n you_o must_v begin_v with_o the_o master-bough_n which_o must_v form_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n this_o must_v be_v place_v straight_o upward_o without_o lean_v towards_o either_o side_n and_o must_v be_v leave_v short_a or_o long_o at_o the_o top_n according_a to_o the_o strength_n of_o it_o and_o of_o the_o tree_n after_o which_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o branch_n must_v be_v put_v in_o order_n on_o either_o side_n and_o some_o of_o they_o lay_v if_o it_o may_v be_v within_o half_a a_o foot_n of_o the_o ground_n to_o cover_v the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o wall_n in_o plash_v of_o these_o you_o must_v guide_v they_o all_o like_o the_o finger_n of_o a_o man_n hand_n when_o it_o be_v open_a or_o like_o the_o rib_n of_o a_o fan_n when_o extend_v and_o care_n must_v be_v take_v not_o to_o force_v or_o bend_v they_o bow_v like_o a_o cat_n back_n for_o if_o they_o be_v so_o force_v they_o make_v as_o it_o be_v a_o elbow_n where_o the_o sap_n stop_v always_o put_v forth_o a_o false_a shoot_n which_o take_v away_o all_o the_o strength_n from_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o bough_n and_o hinder_v its_o growth_n for_o this_o reason_n the_o top_n of_o the_o bough_n must_v never_o be_v fasten_v low_a than_o the_o place_n out_o of_o which_o they_o grow_v but_o must_v still_o be_v conduct_v along_o somewhat_o ascend_v observe_v likewise_o that_o the_o branch_n must_v not_o be_v cross_v nor_o pass_v one_o above_o another_o nor_o two_o fasten_v in_o one_o place_n but_o they_o must_v be_v separate_v from_o each_o other_o and_o set_v a_o convenient_a distance_n according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o they_o and_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o ttree_n sometime_o nevertheleless_a the_o gardinar_n be_v constrain_v when_o the_o tree_n be_v old_a and_o unfurnish_a with_o bough_n in_o the_o middle_n to_o turn_v the_o small_a branch_n upward_o and_o to_o bring_v they_o towards_o the_o stem_n to_o preserve_v the_o beauty_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o hide_v such_o place_n as_o be_v void_a and_o unfurnished_v this_o want_n of_o bough_n do_v ordinary_o befall_v to_o the_o tree_n through_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o gardener_n for_o want_v of_o his_o guide_v they_o well_o at_o the_o first_o or_o through_o his_o negligence_n in_o prune_v they_o take_v away_o their_o shoot_n and_o plash_v they_o in_o such_o season_n as_o be_v proper_a for_o they_o for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o most_o tree_n become_v not_o unfurnished_v of_o bough_n but_o only_o because_o they_o have_v be_v neglect_v or_o else_o cut_v and_o plash_v inconvenient_o and_o out_o of_o season_n and_o experience_n let_v we_o see_v that_o it_o be_v easy_a with_o a_o little_a care_n and_o skill_n to_o keep_v they_o always_o fair_a and_o well_o furnish_v with_o bough_n and_o to_o make_v they_o last_v a_o very_a long_a while_n bear_v fair_a fruit_n in_o prune_v and_o stop_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o bough_n care_n must_v be_v take_v further_o to_o cut_v one_o short_a betwixt_o two_o long_a one_o that_o be_v unequal_a when_o they_o come_v to_o spring_v the_o middle_n of_o the_o tree_n may_v be_v the_o better_o furnish_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n must_v the_o branch_n of_o dwarf-stander_n be_v cut_v because_o that_o each_o branch_n which_o be_v cut_v do_v put_v forth_o many_o more_o and_o therefore_o be_v cut_v all_o of_o the_o same_o height_n they_o cause_v a_o confusion_n of_o branch_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o in_o the_o mean_a while_o remain_v unfurnished_v because_o the_o sap_n desire_v always_o to_o ascend_v and_o run_v more_o willing_o into_o the_o high_a bough_n than_o into_o those_o that_o be_v low_o for_o which_o reason_n it_o must_v be_v stop_v by_o this_o unequal_a cut_n of_o the_o branch_n the_o prune_n depend_v principal_o upon_o the_o prudence_n of_o the_o gardener_n which_o he_o ought_v diverse_o to_o practise_v according_a to_o the_o different_a quality_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o according_a to_o their_o strength_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o they_o must_v be_v cut_v more_o or_o less_o short_a according_a as_o their_o force_n be_v i_o have_v see_v some_o tree_n which_o the_o gardener_n dare_v not_o cut_v nor_o stop_v very_o much_o because_o that_o be_v in_o very_o good_a ground_n their_o sap_n be_v so_o plentiful_a that_o if_o it_o be_v stop_v never_o so_o little_a it_o will_v cast_v itself_o into_o the_o bud_n which_o will_v have_v bear_v fruit_n and_o make_v they_o grow_v into_o wood_n for_o this_o cause_n the_o prune_n must_v be_v perform_v with_o skill_n and_o judgement_n and_o not_o without_o great_a care_n for_o it_o contribute_v very_o much_o not_o only_o to_o the_o fairness_n of_o the_o fruit_n but_o be_v further_a absolute_o necessary_a for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o tree_n a_o long_a time_n strong_a and_o vigorous_a the_o importance_n of_o this_o care_n be_v not_o so_o visible_a in_o the_o first_o year_n because_o at_o the_o first_o the_o tree_n do_v always_o spring_v with_o great_a force_n and_o do_v appear_v fair_a although_o they_o be_v not_o well_o order_v but_o when_o this_o first_o vigour_n be_v past_a man_n may_v present_o begin_v to_o perceive_v a_o great_a difference_n for_o they_o see_v such_o as_o have_v be_v neglect_v to_o diminish_v and_o come_v to_o nought_o in_o a_o short_a time_n and_o the_o other_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o maintain_v themselves_o always_o in_o their_o strength_n it_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o their_o cut_n which_o renew_v the_o tree_n by_o little_a and_o little_a from_o year_n to_o year_n pear-tree_n may_v be_v prune_v all_o the_o winter_n long_o but_o the_o best_a season_n of_o do_v it_o be_v as_o i_o say_v before_o that_o of_o the_o wane_n in_o february_n this_o prune_n be_v to_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n diverse_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o tree_n for_o sometime_o the_o bough_n must_v be_v cut_v short_a when_o they_o shoot_v forth_o too_o abundant_o sometime_o also_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o take_v off_o the_o young_a wood_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o old_a that_o they_o may_v bear_v the_o soon_o and_o sometime_o it_o be_v not_o amiss_o to_o cut_v off_o the_o old_a worn-out_a bough_n which_o have_v no_o strength_n leave_v and_o to_o let_v the_o young_a one_o grow_v in_o their_o place_n that_o the_o tree_n may_v be_v renew_v and_o as_o it_o be_v make_v young_a again_o and_o again_o sometime_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o clear_v they_o by_o take_v away_o

half_a a_o foot_n afterwards_o all_o the_o root_n must_v be_v handsome_o extend_v without_o force_v or_o constrain_v they_o and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o wall-tree_n the_o foot_n of_o it_o must_v be_v place_v at_o ten_o or_o twelve_o inch_n from_o the_o wall_n and_o so_o lay_v that_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o stem_n or_o branch_n may_v come_v within_o two_o inch_n of_o it_o that_o the_o new_a branch_n may_v by_o that_o mean_n be_v the_o more_o commodious_o plash_v against_o it_o when_o the_o tree_n be_v so_o place_v the_o root_n must_v all_o be_v draw_v outward_o as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v and_o bring_v from_o the_o wall_n that_o they_o may_v thereby_o find_v the_o more_o nourishment_n and_o be_v more_o plentiful_o water_v with_o the_o reins_n during_o the_o summer_n after_o this_o the_o root_n must_v be_v cover_v with_o good_a mould_n soft_a and_o light_a mix_v with_o some_o other_o mould_n from_o a_o bed_n thorough_o rot_v if_o such_o be_v to_o be_v have_v for_o this_o cause_v they_o to_o take_v again_o the_o soon_o and_o put_v forth_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o fibrous_a root_n care_n must_v also_o be_v take_v to_o furnish_v they_o well_o with_o mould_n so_o as_o no_o void_a space_n may_v remain_v betwixt_o the_o root_n to_o this_o end_n after_o they_o be_v cover_v with_o earth_n the_o tree_n must_v be_v lift_v up_o a_o little_a and_o shake_v with_o your_o hand_n that_o the_o mould_n be_v short_a and_o movable_a may_v fall_v and_o slip_v between_o the_o root_n to_o fill_v up_o entire_o all_o the_o hole_n the_o gardener_n must_v as_o i_o say_v observe_v in_o plant_v not_o to_o sink_v the_o tree_n into_o the_o ground_n more_o than_o half_a a_o foot_n for_o the_o ground_n be_v always_o better_a above_o than_o downward_o the_o root_n do_v there_o find_v the_o more_o nourishment_n and_o be_v not_o so_o subject_a to_o be_v rot_v and_o spoil_v by_o too_o much_o moisture_n beside_o that_o be_v near_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o ground_n they_o be_v more_o sensible_a of_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o do_v likewise_o receive_v advantage_n by_o the_o dew_n and_o small_a reins_n which_o fall_v in_o summer_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a when_o the_o root_n be_v sink_v too_o deep_a they_o be_v never_o refresh_v by_o all_o those_o summer_n rain_n which_o be_v neither_o of_o such_o force_n or_o continuance_n to_o pierce_v into_o the_o earth_n more_o than_o a_o good_a half-foot_n so_o that_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v beneath_o dry_v and_o harden_v itself_o about_o the_o root_n and_o afford_v they_o no_o more_o nourishment_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v conjecture_v that_o the_o most_o ordinary_a cause_n which_o make_v tree_n to_o grow_v yellow_a proceed_v from_o their_o be_v set_v too_o deep_a in_o the_o earth_n but_o see_v the_o tree_n so_o plant_v near_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v for_o the_o two_o first_o year_n suffer_v from_o the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n have_v their_o root_n yet_o too_o tender_a to_o resist_v it_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o cover_v they_o by_o make_v a_o bank_n of_o ordinary_a mould_n a_o foot_n high_a above_o they_o for_o the_o wideness_n of_o four_o foot_n round_o about_o the_o stem_n the_o top_n whereof_o must_v be_v lay_v plain_a that_o the_o water_n may_v the_o better_o stop_v there_o and_o pierce_v to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o tree_n it_o be_v further_a needful_a in_o march_n after_o this_o earth_n have_v be_v well_o stir_v to_o spread_v upon_o it_o some_o long_a dung_n that_o be_v not_o hot_a the_o breadth_n of_o three_o foot_n about_o the_o stem_n and_o four_o inch_n thick_a or_o if_o such_o dung_n be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v to_o lay_v some_o fern_n upon_o it_o at_o the_o beginning_n of_o june_n so_o that_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v keep_v fresh_a and_o the_o root_n preserve_v from_o the_o too_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o if_o neither_o dung_n nor_o fern_n can_v be_v have_v whererewith_o to_o cover_v these_o bank_n of_o earth_n than_o they_o must_v be_v stir_v four_o or_o five_o time_n a_o year_n only_o the_o depth_n of_o half_a a_o spade-bit_n for_o fear_n of_o harm_v the_o root_n and_o these_o stir_n must_v be_v continue_v until_o the_o tree_n be_v strong_a and_o so_o these_o bank_n of_o earth_n will_v by_o little_a and_o little_o be_v bring_v low_a by_o stir_v they_o from_o year_n to_o year_n now_o see_v that_o in_o trench_n and_o hole_n fill_v up_o with_o good_a store_n of_o dung_n the_o earth_n settle_v in_o proportion_n as_o the_o dung_n rot_v and_o consume_v it_o must_v be_v observe_v in_o plant_v to_o set_v the_o root_n of_o the_o tree_n level_v with_o the_o ordinary_a ground_n because_o the_o earth_n settle_v in_o the_o trench_n sink_v low_a and_o carry_v the_o tree_n along_o with_o it_o this_o care_n must_v especial_o be_v have_v in_o the_o plant_n of_o such_o pear-tree_n as_o be_v ingraff_v upon_o a_o quince-stock_n and_o apple_n upon_o a_o paradise-apple_n because_o if_o these_o two_o sort_n of_o tree_n be_v plant_v too_o low_a so_o that_o the_o graff_n come_v to_o be_v within_o the_o ground_n they_o will_v put_v forth_o root_n and_o thereby_o cause_v the_o tree_n insensible_o to_o partake_v of_o the_o graff_n and_o so_o to_o change_v their_o nature_n in_o cold_a and_o moist_a ground_n the_o trench_n must_v be_v raise_v be_v it_o for_o wall-fruit_n or_o a_o they_o counter-hedge_n 2_o foot_n high_o than_o the_o ordinary_a ground_n upon_o which_o the_o tree_n be_v to_o be_v plant_v to_o the_o end_n that_o be_v further_o from_o the_o water_n their_o fruit_n may_v be_v better_a and_o fair_a colour_v for_o they_o can_v have_v a_o good_a taste_n grow_v in_o such_o ground_n as_o be_v always_o moist_a and_o wet_a for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o the_o side_n of_o hill_n and_o high_a situation_n be_v the_o most_o advantageous_a for_o the_o goodness_n of_o fruit_n because_o the_o water_n run_v from_o they_o with_o the_o more_o facility_n there_o may_v likewise_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o trench_n a_o bed_n of_o stone_n of_o a_o foot_n deep_a or_o else_o so_o much_o stony_a and_o gravelly_a earth_n to_o draw_v the_o water_n to_o the_o bottom_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o drain_v away_o upon_o which_o it_o must_v be_v fill_v up_o with_o sharp_a sand_n or_o plaster-stone_n and_o marl_n mix_v with_o good_a mould_n to_o diminish_v the_o too_o abundant_a moisture_n and_o make_v the_o tree_n to_o profit_v the_o more_o and_o to_o bring_v forth_o their_o fruit_n of_o a_o better_a colour_n and_o taste_v it_o be_v also_o very_o good_a in_o such_o moist_a soil_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o november_n when_o the_o earth_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o wall-tree_n have_v be_v stir_v to_o spread_v some_o marl_n upon_o it_o half_o a_o foot_n deep_a and_o six_o foot_n broad_a which_o be_v to_o be_v bury_v at_o spring_n when_o the_o winter-frost_n and_o snow_n have_v pass_v upon_o it_o after_o that_o the_o tree_n be_v plant_v with_o the_o care_n abovementioned_a if_o the_o stem_n of_o the_o tall_a plant_n be_v any_o thing_n feeble_a it_o will_v be_v needful_a to_o strike_v in_o a_o stake_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o each_o of_o they_o which_o must_v be_v strong_a and_o of_o the_o length_n of_o five_o foot_n above_o ground_n to_o keep_v the_o tree_n steady_a and_o hinder_v the_o wind_n from_o shake_v they_o but_o this_o stake_n must_v be_v short_a than_o the_o stem_n of_o the_o tree_n lest_o it_o wry_a the_o branch_n that_o shoot_v forth_o it_o be_v further_a necessary_a in_o such_o place_n where_o beast_n be_v pasture_v to_o put_v thorn_n about_o each_o tree_n to_o keep_v the_o beast_n from_o come_v near_o it_o or_o rub_v themselves_o against_o it_o but_o because_o these_o thorn_n may_v grate_v and_o hurt_v the_o bark_n which_o be_v yet_o tender_a and_o so_o breed_v canker_n in_o the_o tree_n which_o kill_v they_o their_o whole_a stem_n must_v before_o the_o thorn_n be_v put_v about_o they_o be_v cover_v with_o long_a litter_n or_o fodder_n and_o then_o be_v bind_v about_o with_o straw_n the_o same_o course_n must_v be_v take_v with_o those_o tree_n that_o have_v be_v breed_v in_o a_o nursery_n where_o have_v be_v always_o shade_v and_o cover_v from_o the_o sun_n their_o bark_n be_v so_o tender_a and_o delicate_a that_o if_o it_o be_v on_o a_o sudden_a expose_v to_o hard_a frost_n and_o to_o the_o great_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n especial_o in_o a_o soil_n that_o be_v dry_a and_o hot_a it_o become_v wither_v and_o base_a whitish_a and_o mossy_a for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o to_o preserve_v it_o neat_a and_o handsome_a it_o must_v for_o six_o year_n be_v cover_v with_o straw_n until_o the_o tree_n

without_o colour_n and_o of_o a_o flat_a taste_n this_o care_n be_v very_o necessary_a in_o cold_a and_o moist_a soil_n where_o the_o fruit_n be_v more_o rude_a and_o gross_a have_v need_n of_o a_o great_a heat_n to_o ripen_v it_o well_o and_o to_o give_v it_o a_o high_a taste_n every_o one_o may_v easy_o know_v the_o time_n that_o be_v the_o most_o proper_a for_o the_o gatherring_n of_o summer-fruit_n but_o for_o those_o of_o the_o autumn_n and_o the_o winter_n they_o must_v be_v leave_v upon_o the_o tree_n as_o long_o as_o may_v be_v because_o so_o they_o will_v keep_v the_o better_a except_o notwithstanding_o some_o of_o the_o butter-pear_n as_o the_o common_a beurré_v the_o bergamot_n the_o summer_n bon_fw-fr crestien_n which_o must_v be_v gather_v before_o they_o be_v full_o ripe_a for_o so_o they_o may_v be_v keep_v the_o long_a and_o be_v better_o and_o less_o harsh_a that_o winter-fruit_n may_v keep_v well_o they_o must_v be_v gather_v in_o a_o fair_a season_n and_o carry_v 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fruit-chamber_n make_v the_o fruit_n to_o grow_v yellow_a and_o ripe_a the_o soon_o as_o on_o the_o contrary_a when_o it_o be_v cold_a they_o keep_v the_o long_o and_o ripen_v late_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o place_v that_o it_o freeze_v not_o within_o it_o no_o more_o than_o when_o orange-tree_n be_v keep_v in_o winter_n but_o if_o the_o fruit_n happen_v to_o be_v lay_v up_o in_o such_o a_o place_n where_o the_o frost_n may_v enter_v they_o must_v be_v cover_v with_o straw_n when_o the_o frost_n begin_v and_o wet_a clothes_n be_v lay_v upon_o that_o the_o window_n close_o shut_v and_o not_o be_v touch_v till_o the_o frost_n and_o thaw_v be_v whole_o pass_v and_o the_o fruit_n thorough_o dry_v again_o chap._n xi_o concerning_o the_o disease_n of_o tree_n the_o disease_n of_o tree_n do_v always_o begin_v from_o their_o root_n and_o be_v never_o cause_v but_o by_o the_o ill_a quality_n of_o the_o soil_n which_o nourish_v they_o it_o be_v easy_o judge_v that_o since_o from_o the_o ground_n they_o draw_v all_o their_o nourishment_n if_o that_o be_v good_a they_o must_v necessary_o profit_v and_o on_o the_o contrary_a must_v languish_v when_o that_o either_o want_v moisture_n or_o else_o supply_v they_o with_o such_o as_o be_v bad_a for_o this_o reason_n when_o a_o tree_n droop_v it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o the_o soil_n wherein_o it_o be_v plant_v be_v not_o proper_a for_o it_o and_o therefore_o either_o its_o place_n must_v be_v change_v or_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o earth_n must_v be_v amend_v i_o know_v very_o well_o that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o languish_n of_o a_o tree_n proceed_v sometime_o from_o the_o ill_a kind_n of_o plant_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v graft_v and_o sometime_o also_o from_o have_v be_v ill_o plant_v and_o order_v but_o have_v already_o show_v how_o good_a plant_n may_v be_v choose_v and_o how_o tree_n ought_v to_o be_v cultivate_v i_o suppose_v that_o he_o which_o plant_n have_v be_v careful_a to_o choose_v none_o but_o good_a tree_n and_o that_o he_o order_v they_o well_o and_o therefore_o that_o they_o can_v be_v sick_a but_o through_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o soil_n which_o either_o have_v not_o be_v enrich_v enough_o at_o the_o first_o or_o else_o be_v now_o wear_v out_o tree_n do_v easy_o show_v their_o malady_n by_o their_o leave_n which_o grow_v yellow_a and_o by_o their_o shoot_v which_o be_v weak_a languish_a and_o dry_a at_o the_o end_n now_o see_v that_o tree_n can_v suffer_v but_o either_o from_o the_o too_o great_a drought_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o else_o from_o its_o too_o much_o moisture_n it_o be_v easy_o know_v that_o if_o they_o complain_v for_o be_v plant_v in_o too_o moist_a a_o soil_n they_o must_v be_v keep_v dry_a either_o by_o stone_n or_o some_o other_o of_o the_o mean_n heretofore_o mention_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a when_o they_o suffer_v in_o dry_a and_o hard_a ground_n it_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o cure_n that_o they_o have_v the_o earth_n take_v from_o they_o in_o november_n and_o all_o their_o root_n be_v lay_v bare_a must_v have_v hogs-dung_n mix_v with_o good_a mould_n spread_v upon_o they_o because_o this_o sort_n of_o dung_n be_v cold_a refresh_v and_o moisten_v the_o ground_n which_o be_v too_o dry_a and_o take_v away_o consequent_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o disease_n droop_v tree_n may_v also_o be_v help_v by_o open_v the_o ground_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o they_o and_o when_o the_o mould_n be_v well_o stir_v cover_v it_o with_o pigeons-dung_n spread_v two_o or_o 3_o inch_n thick_a over_o all_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o root_n which_o dung_n must_v be_v leave_v so_o spread_v until_o march_n and_o then_o be_v wrought_v in_o and_o mix_v with_o the_o mould_n but_o none_o of_o this_o dung_n must_v be_v spread_v within_o a_o foot_n of_o the_o stem_v yet_o this_o be_v not_o enough_o for_o the_o recovery_n of_o disease_a tree_n to_o have_v thus_o amend_v the_o ground_n about_o their_o root_n but_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a likewise_o in_o the_o month_n of_o february_n or_o march_n in_o the_o new_a moon_n to_o cut_v they_o very_o short_a and_o so_o let_v they_o shoot_v out_o all_o the_o summer_n at_o full_a liberty_n without_o pinch_v or_o plash_v they_o except_o it_o be_v very_o little_a until_o they_o be_v full_o recover_v when_o tree_n grow_v dry_a and_o die_v at_o the_o top_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o their_o evil_n proceed_v from_o their_o root_n therefore_o must_v these_o be_v uncover_v and_o if_o they_o be_v yet_o sound_a and_o strong_a the_o end_n of_o each_o of_o they_o must_v be_v cut_v and_o good_a mould_n of_o turf_n well_o mix_v with_o dung_n must_v be_v lay_v upon_o they_o and_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stem_n must_v be_v cut_v off_o to_o the_o quick_a for_o so_o the_o tree_n have_v strength_n remain_v and_o not_o be_v as_o yet_o in_o its_o time_n of_o decay_n shoot_v forth_o again_o and_o renew_v itself_o in_o a_o short_a time_n but_o if_o its_o root_n be_v rot_v and_o spoil_v there_o be_v no_o other_o remedy_n but_o to_o stock_n it_o up_o and_o to_o plant_v another_o in_o its_o place_n after_o the_o earth_n have_v be_v change_v and_o dung_v which_o can_v be_v otherwise_o than_o much_o wear_v out_o see_v that_o the_o end_n and_o perfection_n of_o fruit-tree_n be_v to_o bear_v fruit_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o such_o as_o be_v in_o their_o full_a strength_n and_o yet_o bear_v none_o be_v defective_a this_o default_n come_v either_o from_o their_o have_v be_v inconvenient_o graft_v or_o else_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o too_o great_a plenty_n of_o nourishment_n which_o make_v they_o put_v forth_o nothing_o but_o wood_n and_o no_o fruit_n the_o remedy_n for_o which_o be_v to_o weaken_v they_o by_o take_v away_o from_o they_o this_o their_o too_o great_a vigour_n to_o this_o end_n the_o earth_n must_v be_v take_v from_o the_o foot_n of_o they_o in_o march_n in_o the_o wane_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o half_a of_o some_o of_o their_o principal_a root_n must_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o if_o they_o be_v great_a tree_n the_o stem_n of_o they_o may_v be_v bore_v through_o the_o middle_n with_o a_o wimble_n near_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o hole_n fill_v with_o a_o pin_n of_o dry_a oak_n for_o by_o torment_v the_o tree_n on_o this_o manner_n they_o lose_v their_o too_o great_a force_n and_o bear_v more_o but_o the_o better_a and_o more_o assure_a way_n when_o these_o sort_n of_o tree_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v graft_v again_o be_v to_o regraff_v they_o in_o a_o cleft_n there_o be_v some_o sort_n of_o tree_n as_o the_o amadote_n and_o some_o other_o which_o do_v bear_v no_o fruit_n be_v it_o against_o a_o wall_n or_o as_o dwarf-tree_n until_o

they_o be_v old_a i_o have_v take_v notice_n that_o the_o best_a way_n to_o make_v they_o bear_v be_v when_o they_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v remove_v to_o take_v they_o whole_o up_o in_o november_n in_o the_o wane_n and_o present_o to_o plant_v they_o again_o in_o the_o same_o or_o another_o place_n with_o all_o their_o root_n only_o a_o little_a refresh_v the_o end_n of_o they_o and_o cut_v the_o top_n of_o the_o bough_n a_o little_a as_o much_o as_o you_o will_v have_v do_v have_v they_o not_o be_v take_v up_o experience_n have_v teach_v i_o that_o after_o this_o change_n they_o do_v in_o a_o short_a time_n bear_v good_a store_n of_o fruit_n there_o be_v some_o tree_n also_o which_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o contrary_a fault_n to_o that_o now_o mention_v which_o ruin_n and_o consume_v themselves_o within_o a_o few_o year_n by_o too_o much_o bear_v to_o diminish_v this_o ruinous_a and_o mortal_a fruitfulness_n their_o head_n must_v be_v cut_v off_o or_o their_o bough_n shorten_v to_o the_o half_a two_o or_o three_o day_n after_o the_o new_a moon_n in_o march_n and_o for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n all_o their_o fruit-bud_n must_v be_v take_v off_o for_o by_o this_o mean_n provide_v that_o their_o root_n be_v lively_a they_o will_v grow_v much_o into_o wood_n tree_n be_v also_o subject_a to_o other_o malady_n as_o canker_n which_o breed_v in_o their_o bark_n and_o eat_v it_o so_o that_o they_o cause_v the_o death_n of_o the_o bough_n whereon_o they_o be_v peach-tree_n and_o apricot-tree_n be_v more_o ordinary_o take_v with_o this_o disease_n than_o pear-tree_n because_o of_o the_o too_o great_a abundance_n of_o their_o sap_n to_o heal_v they_o of_o it_o you_o must_v as_o soon_o as_o it_o appear_v cut_v off_o all_o the_o bark_n which_o be_v eat_v with_o it_o and_o even_o the_o wood_n that_o be_v infect_v by_o it_o and_o if_o it_o have_v eat_v round_o about_o the_o bough_n must_v be_v cut_v off_o underneath_o it_o to_o the_o quick_a and_o the_o cut_n must_v immediate_o be_v cover_v with_o fresh_a cowdung_n or_o hogs-dung_n and_o wrap_v about_o upon_o that_o with_o flax_n or_o linen_n so_o that_o no_o air_n come_v to_o it_o by_o this_o mean_n will_v the_o canker_n be_v stop_v from_o go_v further_o and_o the_o bough_n will_v recover_v there_o be_v also_o certain_a worm_n breed_v betwixt_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o wood_n of_o tree_n which_o do_v they_o much_o harm_n when_o they_o be_v perceive_v they_o must_v be_v follow_v and_o their_o tract_n discover_v with_o the_o point_n of_o the_o pruning-knife_n until_o they_o be_v find_v and_o if_o they_o be_v at_o the_o end_n of_o a_o bough_n it_o must_v be_v cut_v off_o below_o they_o and_o the_o open_n which_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o bark_n rub_v with_o cowdung_n or_o hogs-dung_n that_o it_o may_v the_o more_o easy_o recover_v caterpillar_n be_v very_o hurtful_a to_o tree_n or_o fruit_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o gardiner_n can_v be_v too_o careful_a to_o take_v they_o away_o in_o the_o winter_n and_o to_o take_v heed_n that_o in_o wall-tree_n no_o old_a leaf_n remain_v betwixt_o the_o tree_n and_o the_o wall_n because_o in_o such_o they_o shelter_v themselves_o in_o the_o spring_n when_o the_o tree_n begin_v to_o blossom_n and_o grow_v green_a a_o exact_a search_n be_v very_o necessary_a to_o take_v away_o the_o caterpillar_n for_o than_o they_o run_v upon_o the_o blossom_n and_o spoil_v the_o fruit_n as_o fast_o as_o they_o knot_n they_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o unhandsomeness_n which_o we_o see_v upon_o may_v pear_n for_o on_o that_o side_n where_o they_o have_v bite_v or_o eat_v they_o the_o skin_n profit_v no_o more_o so_o that_o the_o pear_n increase_v but_o upon_o one_o side_n become_v hunch-backed_a and_o of_o a_o extravagant_a shape_n the_o time_n of_o the_o day_n most_o proper_a for_o the_o take_v away_o these_o caterpillar_n be_v betwixt_o nine_o and_o ten_o in_o the_o morning_n when_o the_o sun_n shine_v because_o than_o they_o run_v upon_o the_o bloom_n and_o the_o new_a shoot_v a_o principal_a advice_n concerning_o all_o tree_n the_o conclusion_n it_o will_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o have_v examine_v the_o nature_n of_o tree_n with_o so_o much_o care_n and_o to_o have_v give_v so_o many_o instruction_n for_o the_o well_o order_v of_o they_o if_o i_o shall_v not_o conclude_v with_o that_o advice_n which_o i_o hold_v to_o be_v the_o principal_a and_o most_o important_a of_o all_o shall_v i_o not_o shut_v up_o all_o with_o this_o truth_n that_o no_o man_n can_v have_v fair_a plant_n unless_o he_o love_v they_o for_o it_o be_v neither_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o soil_n nor_o the_o quantity_n of_o dung_n nor_o the_o advantageous_a situation_n which_o make_v tree_n to_o grow_v well_o but_o it_o be_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o master_n which_o animate_v they_o and_o render_v they_o strong_a and_o vigorous_a thus_o we_o see_v that_o if_o this_o affection_n be_v want_v if_o they_o be_v neglect_v though_o they_o be_v plant_v in_o the_o best_a ground_n they_o languish_v and_o become_v unfruitful_a man_n be_v no_o long_o in_o the_o earthly_a paradise_n where_o they_o may_v eat_v the_o most_o admirable_a fruit_n without_o labour_n they_o must_v till_o the_o ground_n they_o must_v cultivate_v the_o tree_n if_o they_o will_v gather_v the_o fruit_n of_o they_o nature_n no_o long_o yield_v any_o thing_n of_o her_o own_o accord_n she_o must_v be_v woo_v and_o flatter_v if_o we_o will_v obtain_v what_o we_o desire_v at_o her_o hand_n we_o must_v love_v she_o if_o we_o will_v be_v love_v by_o she_o it_o be_v this_o affection_n which_o alone_o have_v give_v i_o the_o skill_n i_o have_v in_o plant_n it_o be_v that_o which_o make_v i_o note_v those_o fault_n i_o commit_v about_o they_o at_o the_o first_o it_o be_v that_o which_o make_v i_o search_v out_o the_o cause_n of_o they_o and_o will_v give_v no_o repose_n unto_o my_o mind_n till_o i_o have_v perfect_o know_v they_o and_o therefore_o if_o this_o love_n of_o plant_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o master_n or_o at_o least_o in_o that_o of_o his_o gardener_n i_o will_v not_o counsel_v he_o to_o plant_v because_o his_o labour_n will_v remain_v unprofitable_a and_o without_o fruit_n nor_o have_v i_o write_v these_o memorial_n for_o other_o than_o those_o that_o have_v this_o inclination_n and_o be_v lover_n of_o plant_n for_o have_v this_o affection_n they_o need_v but_o small_a assitance_n beside_o to_o do_v wonder_v and_o although_o i_o know_v well_o that_o my_o work_n be_v very_o rude_a and_o little_a considerable_a i_o hope_v notwithstanding_o that_o it_o will_v prove_v useful_a for_o they_o in_o their_o work_n by_o lay_v open_a unto_o they_o the_o way_n to_o new_a knowledge_n so_o that_o be_v already_o good_a gardiner_n they_o may_v make_v use_n of_o it_o as_o a_o wild-stock_n upon_o which_o they_o may_v put_v good_a graff_n and_o gather_v from_o they_o excellent_a fruit_n finis_fw-la courteous_a reader_n these_o book_n follow_v be_v print_v for_o humphrey_n moseley_n at_o the_o prince_n arm_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n various_a history_n with_o curious_a discourse_n in_o human_a learning_n etc._n etc._n 1_o historical_a relation_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n of_o flanders_n by_o cardinal_n bentivoglio_n english_v by_o the_o right_n honourable_a henry_n earl_n of_o monmouth_n fol._n 2._o the_o history_n of_o the_o war_n of_o flanders_n write_v in_o italian_a by_o that_o learned_a and_o famous_a cardinal_n bentivoglio_n english_v by_o the_o right_n honourable_a henry_n e._n of_o monmouth_n the_o whole_a work_n illustrate_v with_o a_o map_n of_o the_o 17._o province_n and_o above_o 20_o figure_n of_o the_o chief_a personage_n mention_v in_o this_o history_n fol._n 3._o the_o history_n of_o the_o war_n of_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n with_o the_o persian_n goth_n and_o vandal_n write_v in_o greek_a by_o procopius_n of_o caesaria_n in_o eight_o book_n translate_v into_o english_a by_o sir_n henry_n holcroft_n knight_n fol._n 4._o de_fw-la bello_fw-la belgico_fw-la the_o history_n of_o the_o low-country_n war_n write_v in_o latin_a by_o famianus_n strada_n in_o english_a by_o sir_n robert_n stapylton_n illustrate_v with_o divers_a figure_n fol._n 5._o the_o use_n of_o passion_n write_v by_o i._n f._n senalt_n and_o put_v into_o english_a by_o henry_n earl_n of_o monmouth_n 8o_n 6._o judicious_a and_o select_a essay_n and_o observation_n by_o the_o renown_a and_o learned_a knight_n sir_n walter_n raleigh_n with_o his_o apology_n for_o his_o voyage_n to_o guiana_n fol._n 7._o the_o complete_a horseman_n and_o expert_a farrier_n in_o two_o book_n by_o thomas_n de_n gray_n esquire_n new_o print_v with_o addition_n in_o 4_o 1656._o 8._o unheard-of_a curiosity_n concerning_o the_o talismanical_a sculpture_n