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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A42638	The first and second part of counsel and advice to all builders: for the choice of their surveyors, clerks of their works, bricklayers, masons, carpenters, and other workmen therein concerned. As also in respect of their works, materials, and rates thereof. Written by Sr. Balthazar Gerbier, knight.; Counsel and advice to all builders. Parts 1-2.	Gerbier, Balthazar, Sir, 1592?-1667.	1664 (1664)	Wing G554; ESTC R213758	58,457	266

Servant B. Gerbier TO Sr. PHILIP WARWICK KNIGHT YOu have many Years past been known to possess a Genius capable of all good Impressions and therefore I thought it not beyond the purpose but suitable to the Acknowledgement of the particular Esteem I am oblidged to make of Virtues excelling in Men to offer you this Little Treatise being sufficiently convinc'd of your Judgement in all particulars not doubting but you will believe me to be Your most Humble and Affectionate Servant B. Gerbier To Sr. JOHN BABER Kt. one of his sacred Majesties Physitians in Ordinary Establisht by Letters Pattents under the great Seal of England and one of the Fellows of the Colledge of London I Look not for particular thanks for the Presenting this Manual to you as to others It 's but to express the rescents of my Obligation for your having made good the saying of the Ecclesiastes concerning Persons of your Capacity For they shall also pray unto the Lord that he would prosper that which they give for ease and remedy to prolong life which you did in that person whom it had pleased the Almighty to suffer me to enjoy during the space of 43 Years and to whom I ow this true Testimony that during so many years time she never gave me any just cause of discontent But to the contrary to wish that you might long before the encrease of her indisposition have been invited for the lengthening of her days in this World where truly I should not spend time about Notes concerning Building when the wishes of the great Apostle urgeth men to think more on a desolution were not preservation the first fundamentall Principle of man And doth not the Scripture command to mind it as it doth very particularly point at the Physitians who doth know what those various most admirable dimentions in the Microcosme do require And that as it is a good Aire which coroborates the most subtile parts of that Master Piece of the great Architect of Heaven and Earth A House to a whole Family ought to be so contrived as to enjoy that general necessary benefit In which respect the offer of this Discourse concerning Building may be said proper to you and my reason therein not to be gain-said by malicious Criticks who are wont to feed on flowers of the most sweet scent and may to your Honey-Bee-like disposition this be so from Your humble Affectionate Obliged Servant Balthazar Gerbier TO Mr. POVY Treasurer to his Royal Highness the Duke of York YOu are known and reputed to be as the Virtuosi say a lover of Art The inside of your Habitation speaks it and truly one good inside is to be prefered before a hundred of such as signifie but a show of something the love one hath to Musick argueth a well composed Harmonius mind so the love to Art consisting in perfect Rules Dimensions and Formes infers the party to be a true Rational who blusheth not at the Bees their Geometricall contrivances even in the dark I do present you with one of the Examples for true Building I hope you will reflect on it as coming from Honoured Sir Your most Humble Affectionate Servant B. Gerbier TO Mr. WILDES KNowing what Building is and shown it at your owne Charge this Little Treatise is then as I do conceive well addrest to you without any tedious repetitions in this Epistle nor doth the Treatise by many Lines entrench on the time and patience of a Reader It recommends to a good Clark of the Works to see the Workmen perform what they know ought to be done to Build well and this cannot be offensive to men that mean so nor more then the respects of Honoured Sir Your most Humble and Affectionate Servant B. Gerbier To Master William Wine HEre is an Epistle to you a lover of that which Marc Varro saith was the second thing accepted by all the world to wit Letters which the Aegyptians did attribute unto them though the Assyrians would have the glory thereof by them are taught to speak well though they are mute and what good seasonable speech is Papirus found in the Senate of Rome Grotius by Henry the great at the 14th year of his Age. And you will no doubt having begun betimes continue to proceed vigorously in all virtuous exercises and make good in the Royal Society of Phylosophers at Gresham Colledge that you are not of those who content themselves with gilt out sides of books but every day to remember the great Artist in the drawing of a line whereby he meant a continual exercise to perfection the scope of True Knowledge I must therefore by this Epistle whereby I do send to you as to others this little Manual freely tell you that though never the hand of man could draw a perfect Line himself being imperfect yet must a lover of perfection strive to do his best both in straight lines in the Military Art which you have studied and the ground-plats for an Habitation But those Lines must be visible no affected ones nor small as a hair since Courtaines Bastions and Contrescarps are to be traced for old eyes as well as for young adventurers Nor are the lines for the ground-plats of Houses to serve for Castles in the air And therefore good Drauftsmen do express them strongly what is to be built in Brick by a red line what with Stone white what Partitions in Timber-colour a mote-like water Gravel walks or others accordingly that the Workmen may have the less cause to excuse Which I thought fit to note wishing you all encrease of Virtue being Your Affectionate Servant B. Gerbier TO THE Courteous Reader WHere as all Creatures from the Mole that hath no great sight to the most Argus like above ground are continually a Building and stand in need of Mechanical more then of Phylosophical Rules This little Manual doth therefore point at the Choise of Surveyors the duty of Clarks of the Works Brick-layers Masons Carpenters c. who must be spoken unto in plain intelligible termes for that divers Work-men ressemble those whereof the Ecclesiastes faith That when a Tale is told then they will say What is the matter This Manual doth both now and then proffer a word or two to cherish the Readers patience for that bare names of Materials of Forms and several parts of works will too soon tire Noble Persons Nor is this present Age void of number of Authors who have written more on Architecture then any Clark of the Works will have time to learn by Art These summary Notes will serve for such as are intrusted by Owners of Building that they may the better perform their task and have more credit with the several Master Workmen who do love to be spoken unto in their own phrases And Owners of Buildings their Trustees Stewards and Pay-Masters being possest with the Rates of Materials will be more at rest than otherways if they should be to seek to make perpetual enquiries after them and be vext with

as My Lord I was being then honoured by the late King of blessed memory with a Publick imployment but My Lord it being my scope onely at this time in the putting forth this small discourse to leave some advice to Builders I must rather resolve to suffer in the opinion of those Great Men whose Capacity makes them write on matters answerable to their Great Parts and therewith to make Addresse to your Lordships then commit the paying this Duty to a Person who hath enricht with a Noble Building one part of this Metropolitan and thereby encreased the number of those who have endeavoured to Build better then those of past Ages may Your Lordship in this have all Satisfaction and Contentment according unto the wishes of Your Lordships most humble Zealous Servant B. Gerbier TO The Right Honourable THE Earle of Denbigh YOur Lordship who during the time of your extraordinary Embassage in Italy hath not only seen the best Buildings and knoweth how to order what is best convenient needs no advice since your Lordships experiences in Building hath already proved it yet my respects in the offering to your hands a little Manual for a Testimony that during my travels I did not attach my Eyes onely on the generality of Objects but did exactly consider some particulars worthy of note will not as I do humbly conceive be rejected as being contrary to the disposition of Persons of your high Descent that of Habsburgh who have not been abused in their Education though it happens but too much Neither is it natural to all those which are born under one Constellation to have like Influences since it hapned that when Charles the Fifth Emperour of Germany had his great genius elevated in Imperial thoughts at the same moment he was Crowned and a Baker his Nurses Son born in the very same moment as Charles the Emperour was who was observed only to be merry among his Friends at the same instant of the said Emperours Coronation Wherefore reflecting upon your Noble Birth My Lord my confidence to offer such a little and Inconsiderable Piece of Work cannot be lookt upon as unseasonable My Mark being Respect and the Effect my Duty and so I do humbly beseech you my Lord to let it pass for though to so great an experience as that of your Lordship it should signifie nothing New It may nevertheless by your Lordships Favour finde a place where things are made good and so may prove as pleasing as your Lordships Paradise-like-Garden at Neewnem where an Euphrates flows And truly my Lord a Ground without such Waters is as a fair Ladies Chamber without a large and clear Looking-Glasse With more I shall not presume to abuse your Lordships Patience since as the French say Ilfaut se lever de table avee bon apetit Mine shall never long more than receiving the Honour of your Lordships Commands as being my Lord. Your Lordships most humble Zealous Servant Balthazar Gerbier TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE the EARLE of BRISTOL YOur Lordship who hath seen both Spain Italy and France and therein observed what is worthy as a Person of that Great Judgement as makes a true distinction between things that are and are not will at the first view judge of this Counsel and Advice to all Builders who will not have just cause to dislike the Offer since the several Materials comprized therein are of the best Rate as any can be they are gratis and accompanied with the Zealous Respects to all as to Your Lordship in particular By Your Lordships most Humble Zealous Servant B. Gerbier TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE EARLE of NEUPORT MY Zeal and Respect to the Nation in general obligeth me in the Addresse of this Little Treatise to your Lordship to mention some things of old as true as some were groundlesse For as your Lordship in the Expedition for Rochell had the Command of Horse the French Mercury then had no just cause to write that there were five thousand English slain in that Expedition since at the return of the Army foure thousand five hundred men of those five thousand that went were Mustered at Plymouth The Retreat was as good as the Attempt by matchless Buckingham most Caesar-like Glorious And Richelieu had no just cause to assume unto himself the glory of the Conquest of Rochel since providence had onely permitted it for if the Town had held out till the Sea over-turned the Ditch and the Estacade neither had the unresistable work which I was commanded to build in three Ships according to the example of those of the Duke of Parma at the Seige of Antmerpe to blow up Ditches Estacades and Chandeliers been necessary nor the hazarding the life of men for the succour of that place In fine My Lord I should fail as I do humbly conceive as much in memory as in duty if in the offering this my little work to your Lordships hands I should not speak in a language differing from that of workmen as in reference to Building I might not omit this Addresse to your Lordship as to others since your Lordship hath been exemplary to better Building on that part of ground where your Palace is then the old Norman gotish Lime and Hair-like daubing custome out of which it hath been so hard to turn men too constant therein but my profession not being changeable I shall with more confidence stile my self Your Lordships Most humble Zealous Servant Balthazar Gerbier To the Right Honourable HENRY Earle of St. ALBANS Lord Chamberlain to her Gracious Majesty the Queen mother and of his Majesties most Honourable Privy COUNCIL THis little Treatise mentions the best way for Building of Habitations the Choice of Surveyours Clarks of the works Master-Work-men and Materials as likewise the Rates and Prizes of them and of the Works even the manner of the East Indians burning of Lime which could serve your Lordships Builders in St. James-fields if les Ardennes were near it to burn more Lime in twenty four hours time then would be necessary for morter to all that precinct As for the rest your Lordship hath seen abroad the fairest Palaces and most compleat habitations the best contrived Ground-plats and also most Paradiselike Gardens according unto the various fancies of their proprietors the one affecting Houses all of Glasse to have all men see them Others their Gardens most like an open field or like Adam and Eve when in their State of Innocency Others with Parters and Imbroderiers for exercise to Gardiners pair of sheers other covered Walks Labirinths open basins for Fountains others with grots as at Ruell and Liancour in France with such shades as that Nymphs may not be bereaved of a natural liberty nor Acteon seen with his curled brow Infine that Petrarca his saying per tanto variar Natura é bella might not become out of date nor may be extinguisht your memory Your Lordships most Humble Zealous Servant Balthazar Gerbier TO The Right Honourable VISCOUNT STAFFORD c.

Models the half of the height of the Arch which will make that perfect shape as must satisfie all Judicious Eyes Item It must be remembred that the height of the Pedestal of the Dorick must consist of five Models and one third part And as for Ornaments as Imbrodery or Lace on good Stuff they are as various as the occasions of the owners may require or those things whereunto their Genius doth tend if Warriours Trophies if men of Peace Olive-branches and all what affrights not The Ionick Columns their height must be of twenty two parts and a half each Model being one of the twenty must be divided in eighteen because it stands so much higher as distance which then contracts the work requires more height since otherwayes the third story of Columns would shorten so much which is the fundamental reason that Prospective must be observed by a good Builder and not yielded to the particular fancies of some of them The Architrave of such a Column must consist in one and one quarter Model of the eighteen the Freese of one and a half the Cornish one and three quarters which being added together makes four Models and an half and the one quarter of the Ionick Column the Base and Capital comprized In the making Galleries of this order which being most slender and more tall the breadth of the Pilasters must be three Models the breadth of the Arch eight and a half since the height must be seventeen Models which is twice the breadth but if these Columns are set on Pedestals then must the whole height of them be divided into twenty eight parts and an half allowing six Modeles for the height of the Pedestall with its Ornaments and so it will fall out that as the breadth of the Arch shall be eleven Models the height twenty two the breadth of the Pilasters four and so a proportionable Body to the height of the Story and the weight it is to bear which is one of the main considerations of a good Builder when to the contrary Columns ill proportioned and ill placed prove often a weakning to a Building and seem as Organ pipes to stand in the Ayre for a shew as Cornishes too broad happen the sooner to decay but to this order there ought to be one third part of a Model To proceed on the form recommended to a good Clark of the works to call upon every Workman of the Masons to see them performe according unto such exact patters made in good Wainscote The next is the Corinthian who if without Pedestals must be divided into twenty five Models and those into eighteen parts the distance between the Columns foure Models and two third parts of a Model Because the Architrave about it may not bear too much and that the Models in the Cornishes may be just over the middle of the Column But if Arches or Galleries made of this Order the distance between the Pilasters must be nine Models the height to the top of the Arch eighteen Models and the breadth of the Pilaster three Models Galleries with Pedestals must be divided in thirty two equall parts and one of them a Model the distance between twelve and the height to the top twenty five one more then ordinary because the height doth diminish the proportion of its true height so the Pedestal seven Models c. The Composite Order must be made of the same proportions of the Corinthian all the difference between them is only in the members of the Head and Foot as all Surveyours and Master Workmen shall finde this to be most true After they shall have compared all the best grounded Authors of the Greeks and Romans and that here is not an Iota differing from them for it is a Rule as certain as that without the same there cannot be a perfect building made no more then a man could without good Orthographie write true English so as no man can have just cause to say there is a new Rule prescribed unto them since it is the same which will be found in all true Books concerning that matter It is the Rule of the Ancient Masters whose Reliques to be seen throughout most places of Italy makes many strangers that come there gape so wide as that they need no Gags Let them but look on the Columns of the Temple of Peace and the Pantheon in Rome they shall see more men that gape after them then in other parts Pipers and Potters to sit in Tavernes and they shall finde in those lovers of Art an Humility as hinders them to crack and boast never to utter Well enough for the time Most of the Italians being of the humour of the old Carver who had ingraven his own Name and Portraicture so deep in the shield of Pallas as it could never have been put out without defacing the figure they work for a perpetual fame which a good Clerk of the works is to recommend unto the Workmen committed to his charge That the Carpenters be good husbands in the managing of the Builder his Timber in the cutting of their Scantlings their sparing to make double Mortises which do but weaken the Summers To lay no Gerders which are needless and hindersome to the boarding of a Room no Summers to be laid except the ends of them are either pitcht or laid in Loam to preserve them from rotting as is done by the heat of Lime whereof Morter is made And therefore in Italy France Germany and among the most prudent and solid Builders the free Masons put stone Cartoeses in the top of the infide walls which are bearers to the Summers as such Cartoeses are seen in divers Churches and some of them are carved in Ornamental Figures Item The Clerk of the Works must have a care to see the Carpenters to cock the main Beams into the Lentals to hold the wall the better that they pin down a Plank three inches thick all along the top of the Summer to hold fast the Brick work after the Brick is raised to the height of the Summer and that the Joyces be framed a● or three inches under the top of the Summers that for the boarding rooms smooth the Carpenters lay Bridges overthwart the Joyces joyned in the top of the Summers that the Boarding be with breaking Joynts which is the phrase of the Workmen and is the manner of flooring of roomes of Note That doore cases well ankered into the wall be made as high again as they are wide and so must well proportioned window cases be both for giving better light which descends from above and that the peeres of Brick or Stone between them will fall to be a fit width to be a strengthening to the building Item The Clarke of the works must be very carefull not to suffer the Carpenters to lay any Timber under the Chimnies since by the laying of Timber under them many houses have been set on fire and burnt to the