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A96533 A three fold help to political observations contained in three discourses. Written by that learned and experienced gentleman, Sir Jsaac Wake. 1. The first concerning the thirteen cantons of the Helvetical League, or of the Switzers. 2. The second declaring the state of Italy, as it stood neer about the year 1625. 3. The third touching the proceedings of the King of Sweden in his wars in Germany. Published for the benefit of the diligent observer. Wake, Isaac, Sir, 1580?-1632. 1655 (1655) Wing W228; Thomason E1671_2; ESTC R208410 42,380 141

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countenance but protection The Protestants in those parts are often braved by their Allayes of the Catholick Cantons who being fomented by the Popish and Austriacal party do insult upon them many times Contentions and disputes do arise often and the poor and simpler sort of people intimidated with the apprehension of so potent enemies do unwillingly concur with the Magistrates in the defence of their liberty and conscience in such cases which are frequent there the sight of a minister of so great a Monarch as is his Majestie wil invigorates the most stupid among them and the opinion of his royall protection will incourage them to maintain a good cause The seat of that place is very proper observe to andamenti of those upon whose proceedings it is fit that wealwayes have a vigilant eye for from thence as from a watch-tower we may easily discover long before whatsoever they do intend Those people are not onely auxiliaries of which most princes doth serve themselves especially France and Spain who do buy the love of the Cantons at a dear rate that they may be furnished with men when they shall require any in which regard it will be fit that his Majesty were alwayes advertised aforehand when any leavy is intended to be made in those parts that knowing what innovation is machinating by any of those Princes who do require auxilliaries he may govern himself accordingly as the state of affaires shall minister occasion The passage out of Germany into Italy and Vice Versa is a point of important consideration and as it may import much to know when any passage is demanded and by whom so will it be easy for a careful minister to discover afore-hand the designe of those that ask the passage and perhaps he may sometimes have credit enough upon some occasions either to stop or delay the passage if it may prove prejudicial to any friends of his Majesties or to facilitate it if it may turn to their service or advantage The State of Venice and the Duke of Savoy his Majesties good friends notwithstanding their Alliance with some of the Cantons may have use of the power and credit of his Majesty in those parts for as in the year 1615 the Protestant Cantons did upon a letter of his Majesties of glorious memory grant the passage through their dominions unto such troups as the Count Iohn de Nassaw had then raised for the service of the Duke of Savoy in despight of France and Spain and in the year 1618 the Bernesi at the request of his foresaid Majestie did lodge in the Pais de vaud and give quarter unto Count Mansfelts army retyring then out of Pied-mont four monthes together untill Vorcelli was surrendered so hereafter occasions of the like nature may present themselves wherein his Majesty may favour his friends with his authority and good offices Lastly it is to be presumed that the Palatinate and Marquisate of Baden shall be restored in due time and in that case the neigborhood of the four Evangelical cities who have Alliance with Strasbourg may prove of good consideration and a Minister of his Majesties will be necessary to cement the intelligence and good correspondence which may be renewed betwixt those Princes and the foresaid Cantons Of the name and Original of the Helvetij historically MAny nations do seek their pedigree further then it can be found and some of them are sorry to finde what they did seek Quicquid quaeritur optimum videtur yet a modest ignorance is in many cases more comfortable then any vain curiosity can profit The Arcadians did flee beyond the moon and call themselves 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Helvetians like their Antipodes go under ground and passe the center of the earth to seek their original They are not ashamed to derive their extraction a Dite inferorum Deo and their name hath consonancy with their fantasie for Helvatter in their language is the father of Hell and anciently they were called Helvetteri qnasi inferno nati which name the Romans with the advantage of a more easy pronuntiation did corrupt into Helvetij This etymologie of the name will easily be accepted by those who will give credit to Aegidius Tschudus and Henricus Glareanus who do affirm that the ancient Gauls did speak the German tongue and especially that of the Helvetij for although I will not affirm the uniformity of their language yet this conceit de Dite Patre either was infused to the Gauls by the Helvetians or common to them both as one people for Iulius Caesar doth write of the Gauls in this manner Omnes se ab Dite Patre prognatos praedicabant idque â Druidibus proditum dicebant This name antiently formidable to the Romans was in a manner extingushed when Aulus Caecinna did overcome and beat them aplate cousture ad Vindonissam which was so perfect a conquest that he did divide the whole Country into two Provinces Sequance and Rhaetia After that conquest they did look more towards Germany then towards the Gauls and in time did wholy passe into the name manners customs and tongue of the Germans when being impatient of their subjection to the Romans the inhabitants did joyn with the Germans to deliver themselves of bondage The second name and most known of that Country at this day is Saitia Swisserland but the etymologie is as uncertain as of the former in regard of the variety of opinions some with the addition of the letter s. at the beginning would derive them à vitis a people of Saxony whom Charles the great did drive out of their own country for frequent rebellions and confine within the straight passages of the Alpes Others run into Sweden and bring them from the Sueci who in the time of king Sigebert made a transmigration out of Suecia and planted themselves in this Country A third opinion there is of some wise in their own conceit who do baptise them Swisses from a war which those of Zurick did make eight years together in the time of Frederic the third against those of Swits Glaris and their confederates But we need not go so far for it is most probable that the wholy Countrey did take this name from the village or now Canton of Swits where the first foundation of the Helvetical league was layed the fabrick whereof was shortly after raised to perfection by a memorable victory which they gained not far from that village upon the Austriaci who came with great forces to break their new begun confederation So much of the name as for their first plantation they do pretend almost as high as the flood for they do beleeve that Zurick and Soluere are coetaneall with Triers the first foundation whereof is thought to have been in the time of the Patriarch Abraham almost two thousand yeers before the birth of our Saviour All the Annals of Helvetia are constant in this assertion and I will rather beleeve them them seek arguments to confute them Of
may agree in the ground of a Confession yet differences of opinions do prove conscientious in matter of divinity and opiniastretes in those who do every one of them abound in their own sence can never be reduced to temper much lesse to regularity especially there wanting a head on our side who might call an universal Councel and by coactive power inforce conformity unto what should be decreed by the major part of Princes I do not bring in the king of Poland into any part of our account because although it be wel known he doth stand affected yet it is certain that he hath onely voluntatem liberam potestatem ligatam at this present so that he can do no great hurt nor good There is an other circumstance which doth make against us namely that the present visible supportation of our cause doth lie upon the king of Swedens person onely whom none but God can secure from Assassinates and if he should miscarry we should be to seek whereas the Imperialists and Catholicks have more strings to their bow then one But in case God do protect him from treason intended and that he do give him farther victory he cannot but live with some little anxiety for fear lest the king of Denmark retaining the memory of old quarels should come behinde him and that the Duke of Saxony should fall from him and accommodate with the Emperour Agaiust these I have no graines of civil considerations to oppose but must hope that God who hath made choice of him to fight his battles will alwayes assist him from open and secret enemies and either by him or some other whom God himself will chuse will perfect the work that he hath begun If this model of the present state of affaires be just or doth come neer unto rectitude then in the same glasse which doth shew unto us the present face of things we way foresee what is likely to be the event as far as any thing may be conjectured de futuris contingentibus the certainty of which is known onely to God All that can be said in this subject must be reduced unto two heads namely the accommodation of all differences all amiable or the continuance of the war this being to be understood onely of Germany which Province at this present is the onely Sedes belli it is hard to say which of these two is the most likely to insue in the first place for although it may be granted that peace is desired on both sides yet the concluding thereof will prove a hard resultate first in regard of the proximity of the armies which can hardly be contained from enterschaking when they come to a reasonable distance secondly in regard of the dispersion of the armies which being divided in places far off cannot easily agree upon a surseance of armes universal if any such thing should be accorded in any one place Thirdly because neither the one party nor the other can long live en gros upon the Paisant and therefore they must es loigne themselves or dispute their bread with their swords Fourthly wee do not heare as yet of any Mediator neither can we know where to finde one that may be trusted of both parties for although the French king would perhaps derive unto himself that honour yet the animosity that he hath and doth still expresse against Spain and the house of Austria will hinder him from being trusted by them and the partiality that is discovered in him toward Bavaria and the Catholick League will make him suspected by us This office would stand best with his Majesty if he were not in a manner a party for although in this conjuncture he might interpose very opportunely betwixt the king of Sweden and the Austriaci yet Bavaria and the Catholick electors will hardly admit of him for what doth concern their interests the one in regard of the electorat Palatinate the others in regard of difference in religion The peace or truce in the low Countries will prove a knotty piece of work and without that the peace of Germany can hardly be concluded Again there is an other dfficulty in regard of a new war likely to begin in Italy which will cause the French to disturb the quiet of the Austriaci in Germany as much as they shall be able and to traverse likewise any Treaty with the low countryes Lastly the Duke of Lorain having now with Tilly the command of the Imperial or Catholick army it is likely that they will both incline to war the one to purchase the electorate of Brande-bourg which is promised unto him and the other to have his revenge for having been beaten All that can be said on the other side is that both parties may be so weary of the war that they may rather desire Peace upon any conditions then hazard new Battles which are journiaillers Secondly that the question of the Palatinate whereupon the quarrel is grounded may seem unto some of easy belief to approach near unto the point of accomodation considering that Spain hath undertaken to dispose the Emperour on the one side how reall I know not and that France doth seem willing to dispose Bavaria on the otherside to accommodate with us upon any reasonable conditions Lastly that the Abbate Scaglia having in his hands the negotiation of Peace or Truce with the States of the united Provinces it may be presumed that he may effect as much as father Ney did heretofore If these Landmarks be not mistaken we may conclude that in probability quoad hominem it is more likely that the war will continue then any Peace be agreed upon and therefore taking that for granted it will now be time for us to take into consideration quid agendum But before I enter upon that discourse I will in one word mrake quid non agendum namely that we be careful aboue all things not to break off any Treaties that are or may be set on foot for the accomodation of the Palatinate how captious and elusory so ever they may be it being good to keep them up as long as they do do not amuse us and that we do not trust unto them but put in lucro any benefit that may unexpectedly come by them and therefore it will be very necessary to dispose the king of Bohemia not to stir as yet nor to appear in person as he doth seem to intend for very good respects and considerations Secondly that to much passion be not expressed on our side in favour of the Queen mother or Monsieur un-until our present negotiations here be consummated which will be very shortly fait ou failli and that we may see more clearly how they will govern themselves towards the king of Sweden and Bavaria which will be a short work considering that their assisting of Bavaria will be a secourse of Pisa if it be not speedy and that both the king of Sweden and the States do call upon them now very instantly for