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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A63802	A new art of brewing beer, ale, and other sorts of liquors so as to render them more healthfull to the body and agreeable to nature, and to keep them longer from souring, with less trouble and charge then generally practised, which will be a means to prevent those torturing distempers of the stone, gravel, gout, and dropsie : together with easie experiments for making excellent drinks with apples, currans, goodberries, cherries, herbs, seeds, and hay &c., and the way to preserve eggs five or six months from being musty or rotten : wih an appendix how to make fruit trees constantly fruitful : also a way how every one may purge themselves with common salad herbs and roots, and a method how to prevent constiveness in the body / by the author of The way to long life, health, and happiness &c.	Tryon, Thomas, 1634-1703.	1690 (1690)	Wing T3187; ESTC R26334	40,831	148

are more plentifully sent forth then in other as after an hot Summer in August September and October the Elements then being moist and full of Humidity occasioned by the Declination of the Sun the Days warm the Nights cold which do condense those warm Vapors that the Earth and Waters breathes and sends forth Now these Streams or Breathes which are nothing else but the natural Motions of innate Life and Operations of Nature are better or worse good or bad healthy or unhealthy according to the Nature and quality of the Waters and situation of the Ground which they proceed from Now these Steems or Vapors that arises and proceeds from clear Fountains and Springs or from running Rivers especially such as have Flux and Reflux as the River of Thames and many others have are fine moist thin and penetrating and are powerful openers of Obstructions and great Preservers of Nature and begets Appetite and are good against Astmatical Distempers of the Breast especially if the quality and quantity of Meats and Drinks be carefully observed but the contrary is to be understood of those Steems and Vapors that arises and proceeds from low boggy Grounds Pools standing Waters and the like which do agree but with few Constitutions except such as are born and bred in such places and tho' good Airs are great Preservers of Health yet Temperance and Order hath the first place and ought to be regarded above all other Circumstances and if that be wanting other things and observations signifies little It is also to be noted That all Waters do more plentifully breathe forth Steems and Vapors than the Earth as being more penetrable thin and transparent and therefore more capable of receiving the Light and sweet Influences of the Celestial than the Earth which is a close firm compacted dark Body in comparison of the Element of Water therefore the Vapors proceeding from the Earth are heavier duller and fewer in quantity but not so thin nor penetrating in quality as these from the Water for this Cause those Persons whose Imployments are in and about Waters have for the most part greater Appetites than others and are more lively brisk and strong Therefore it is very good for all People that are afflicted with shortness of Breath Stoppages at the Stomach or over-fatness to imploy themselves on Waters or use themselves to walk by Rivers sides as much as they can in all Seasons of the Year but more especially in Spring and Summer for those fine thin cool penetrating Vapors are as it were suckt in on all sides of the Body which do render those whose Imployments are abroad brisk lively and healthful more especially in moderate Seasons and when the Air and Elements are a little inclinable to Humidity which do mightily rarifie the Air and make it more penetrating and all Men and Beasts are not so subject to heat and drought and other Indispositions as in hot dry Seasons for heat and drought do not only as it were close up the Poors of the Earth but it thickens and stagnates the Air consuming the fine thin moist penetrating Vapors and Spirits making them thick hot and sulpherous and hinders the natural Motions and Circulations of the Elements and their Salniteral Virtues Now this Motion Circulation and continual Sympathatical Mixtion of the Elements is further manifested by the Sea which is the Center of the Element of Water the Moon being the Governess thereof she having a certain secret Influence according to her Increase Decrease and Configurations she hath with the Celestial Bodies for if there were not a continual Motion in this great Fountain Tides Flux and Reflux there could be no Creature generated or should there be a Cessation from Motion but a few hours the whole would immediately become a stinking Lake and all her Inhabitants would be destroyed for that which we call Tides is nothing else but the natural Motion and Circulation that proceeds from the Center or Heart and Animals can as well subsist and continue there being without Motion and Circulation of the Blood and breathing as the great Fountains of Waters or other Elements can live or give being to their Children without Motion and continual Circulation which arises and proceeds from an innate power of the Elements for these Elements are the great Body and wonderful Powers of God and by his centeral Word and innate Virtue all things both in the Animal Vegitable and Mineral Kingdoms have been and are made generated and preserved for the whole Globe of Earth Water Fire and Air are the living Powers of God in which his holy Word do continually create and bring to manifestation the hidden Mysteries and Wonders both of Time and Eternity to his eternal Praise and Glory and his Work goes alway on in exact Number Weight and Measure for in God nor in his Handmaid Nature there is no such thing as standing still or idleness for should the Primum Mobile cease from its natural Motion and Circulation but a few Minutes the whole Mundam Sistime would be ready to sink into Confusion for standing still or idleness have no sympathy either with God or Nature for the Heavens Stars and Elements with the wonderful and amazing Varieties of Beasts Fishes Vegitation and Minerals wherewith the lower Worlds are indued and furnished are the living Powers and Works of the Lord and are still continued by his Alwise Providence and Divine Word which is never idle for Idleness as is said before is allowed no being either in the Internal or External Worlds all in the Beginning was brought into a Being through Labour and Motion as the Learned Moses saith The Lord moved himself on the face of the Waters and they are still sustained to this day by the same active and working Power of the Creator Consider the daily Motions and Circulations of the Celestials viz. Sun Moon and wonderful Company of Stars their Rising Setting continual Motion Courses and various Configurations and all in exact Order Behold the Fountains Springs and Rivers labouring continually in a long progress to pay their tributary Streams to the Ocean and the Ocean by industrious Tides Flux and Refluxes striving as it were to supply the Land from its innate or central Power Do not the great Eye of the World by a sympathatical Power and universal Motion of all Elements exhale Moysture from the Fountains of Waters and bottle it up in the Clouds or Powers of God till an appointed time and then Return it with plenteous Usury to water and make fat the Earth with the Dew of Heaven And are not the like Circular Motions and variety of Powers understood in Man And is not he a little World out of the great In him is contained the true Nature and Operation of all Elements and yet what great Matters can he do or perform without Motion and Action Are not all these necessary things that serves for the support and accommodation of Human Life are not nor cannot be procured without

A NEW ART OF BREWING Beer Ale and other sorts of Liquors so as to render them more healthful to the Body and agreeable to Nature and to keep them longer from souring with less Trouble and Charge then generally practised which will be a means to prevent those torturing Distempers of the Stone Gravel Gout and Dropsie Together with easie Experiments for making excellent Drinks with Apples Currans Goosberries Cherries Herbs Seeds and Hay c. And the way to preserve Eggs five or six Months from being Musty or Rotten With an Appendix how to make Fruit-Trees constantly fruitful Also a way how every one may purge them-themselves with common Salad Herbs and Roots And a Method how to prevent Costiveness in the Body Recommended to all Brewers Gentlemen and others that brew their own Drink By the Author of the Way to long Life Health and Happiness c. Licensed and Entred according to Order London Printed for Tho. Salusbury at the Sign of the Temple near Temple-Bar in Fleetstreet 1690. The CONTENTS of this BOOK THe Design of the Author in publishing this Treatise Page 1 The Office of the Stomach and several digestions described 4 The evil Effects of Excess in Eating and Drinking as to Quantity and Quality 7 Concerning the generating the Stone and Gravel Gout Consumption c. 13 The Boiling of Hops Wort Bear c. very injurious 15 Firmented Drinks much better new than Stale 18 Rules for the well-brewing and making good wholsom Bear and Ale 21 An Experiment demonstrating the Prejudice that Water receives by Boiling 24 The Mischief of making Drink by a third Infusion of the Malt with hot Liquor 25 The Quantity of Hops proposed for Brewing 29 About Ordering your Brewing Vessels 30 Circumstances to be observed in Cooling and Firmenting your Beer or Ale 34 Of the Nature of Hops 38 An Objection against unboiled Bear and Ale answered 40 Many Herbs and Vegitations that will serve in B●ewing as well or better than Hops 48 The best Drinks to prevent the Generation of the Stone 55 Of cold Gruel 57 The way of infusing Herbs or Seeds c. to the best advantage 62 Cautions against certain Foods that generate the Stone and Gravel c. 67 A good Drink against the Stone and other Stoppages 74 A good profitable and wholsom way to make Wine of Cherries Goosberries c. 79 An Appendix shewing the Natural Causes why Fruit-Trees do so frequently fail Bearing and offering Expedients to make Orchards almost constantly fruitful 88 105 VVith a new Experiment of preserving Eggs sweet and good for several Months 131 The Natural way how every one may in the Spring and Fall purge themselves with Ease and Pleasure to considerable Advantage 135 A NEW ART OF Brewing c. THO' I have no other Design in respect of Brewers then only to save them a great deal of Pains and no small part of their daily Charge and towards the rest of Mankind but an honest and most charitable Intention of Advertizing them what may conduce both to the Health of their Bodies Tranquility of their Minds and Advantage of their Estates yet I am not so Ignorant of the Worlds common usage as not to expect that offering to Disswade from certain inveteral but mischievous Customs I am like to meet with no less than Hate or Reproach or at least Scorn and Contempt from the greatest part of those whose welfare I would gladly promote However as the Conscience of my own Innocence and certain Experience and Knowledge of the Truth of what I Recommend will be a sufficient Buckler against all the Darts of Envy Ingratitude Noise and Folly So I do not Despair but this small Treatise may have the happiness to meet with some few so little wedded to Tradition and their own Humours as to be willing to hearken to the Dictates of Wisdom Reason and Nature wherever they meet them or though communicated in an homely manner by a very weak and imperfect Instrument Methinks there should scarce be any man that hath ever entertained his Thoughts for one half hour in a serious Consideration of his own Structure and how and by what Natural means he doth subsist in this World but must have taken notice that as the Substance of our Bodies suffers a daily Expence Decay or Wasting as well by the action of our own innate or inbread heat prespiration of Spirits and the more pure parts of the Humours thorow the pores of the Skin impressions of the Ambient Air as by the common and more gross Evacuations so there is required a daily supply of Nourishment to repair and make good whatsoever is thus spent of the Store which is provided to support and preserve the Microcosm To this End as outwardly the All-wise and most Bountiful Creator has prepared variety of excellent Foods and Liquors so inwardly he has both given us Reason Wisdom and Knowledge if we will hearken to and exert it to distinguish which of them are at all times best and most requisite for us as also fixed the Members and Organs of our Bodies in their several places and offices to be assisting and subservient to each other in order to the effecting of this admirable Work Of these the Stomach is the first and principal Agent which as it were a Kitchin serves to dress and prepare all Meats that are brought into it and by its Concocting Faculty reduses them into a white milky Substance which is called Chyle which passing thence throughout the lower Orifice of the Stomach into the Intrails having there but a slow passage by reason of many turnings and windings by which the Guts are mutually inclosed and united to the Mesentery it is further digested and seperated and the purer part by the Mesoraick Veins called the Hands of the Liver is thorough the Veins from the Office called Vena Porta carried into the hollow parts of the Liver whereby a higher and more elaborate Concoction is turned into that admirable Balsamick Liquor called Blood This Blood passes from thence into the Vena Cava or great hollow Vein whose Trunk divides it self into two large Branches the one tending downwards to carry blood to the lower parts the other upwards and mounteth even to the Throat dividing again by the way into other Branches one of which fasteneth it self to the right Ventricle of the Heart by which the blood is brought thither from the Liver where being yet higher elaborated and inriched 't is transmuted or carried over to the left Ventricle where the Arteries takes their original which contains the Vital Blood and Spirits whose Office it is to enliven and exercise the Faculties of the Body By other Branches it ariseth into the Brain where the Animal Spirits are made being the Seat of Phansie Reason Judgment and Memory which noble Faculties by those Spirits are exercised as also of all Sense and Motion for from the Brain are all the Nerves or Sinews divided into all the parts which cause a

four five six seven eight nine ten or twenty are jumbled together as I have elsewhere demonstrated Those that desire a more friendly Ale then is generally drunk may infuse what quantity they please in there warm Wort as you do Hops Also use the Herb Ale-hoof Fennel Seeds Caroways and Coriander all which are notable Purges by Urine but they purge by Urine more powerful when infused in either new Ale or Beer that is already firmented as is mentioned before so you may do it in small quantities as you have occasion But if you infuse those or any other Herbs in Water viz. in cold Water for ten or twelve hours and then drink a pint or what you please which have a far more powerful Operation against the forementioned Distempers then in any firmented Liquor It is further to be considered That strong stale Beer Syder Wine or any other firmented Liquors the frequent drinking thereof do not only generate the Stone and Gravel but they do as often occasion the Gout Consumptions Dropsies and many other Diseases all according to the Nature of each mans Constitution and what properly hath got the Ascendant in the Humors of the Body as is manifest in great Eaters and Drinkers one man drinks and eats himself into the Gout another into a Consumption another into a Dropsie or some other Distemper the evil Effects are as various as their Natures and Constitutions are contrary Be therefore reconciled to Water that generous Element which without doubt was and is the only Drink ordained for all Creatures by our Creator therefore he that first firmented the Juices of the Grape and made strong Drink thereof did drink and was drunk and therefore was cursed with the greatest of Curses which ought to be considered by all wise and good men but Water is so friendly and does contain many secret and admirable Virtues which the Creator hath indued this Element with as in all Ages hath been manifest for it being pure and clear in its own Nature and is it not the only and alone thing by which all External things are purified purged and cleansed And though it be a vulgar Proverb As weak as Water yet I must tell you Water is more strong and sublime then most imagine for it contains a most ravishing and excellent sweet Virtue whence proceeds the pure friendly refreshing quality whereby it hath power by its innate Virtue to delight and purifie all sorts of Food Also in Preparations it is so innocent and friendly that it dissipates the gross phlemy Body and preserves the more Essential Parts and Virtues and keeps them living What shall I say words cannot declare its excellency it is not only the most plentiful and truly pleasant of all Drinks but it supplies Nature with its friendly moisture and relieves Thirst beyond all other Liquors or Juices it is so simple and indued with such equality that it insinuates its mild opening Virtues into all parts of the Body in an insensible way it makes no noise nor causes any tumults in the Brain nor awakens any inequality in the Body but it imparts its meek Life as it were in silence and as Bread hath the first place of all Food and may justly be called Concord as being the foundation of all good Nourishment the like is to be understood of Water that being the Radix of all moist Nourishment and renders all things fit and profitable for Mankind of which there are great variety all according to the Natures and Salniteral Virtues of the Earth it proceeds from but for general Use Rain River and Spring-water are the best and that of these sorts that will wash brew and perform all Preparations in Houswifery is the best viz. that Water that will wash Lining to advantage is the best which generally River-water will do far better than most Springs as I have demonstrated in our Way to Health Cautions against certain Foods that Generate the Stone and Gravel First SUch as are naturally subject to these Diseases ought to refrain from all over-salt Fish and Flesh for such things are not only hard of Concoction furring the Passages but they do heat the whole Body and infect the Blood with a salt sharp scorbutick Humour occasioning Crudities and evil Juices obstructing the Passages of the whole Body and especially the Uriters Thirdly Let them refrain all Spicy Foods for they naturally heat the blood hurt the natural heat and produce the same Effects especially in youth Thirdly Let them refrain all or most sorts of Food made sweet with Sugar for the frequent use of such Meats and Drinks do prove very prejudicial to most Peoples health but more especially to such as are subject to the forementioned Diseases for over-sweetness in Foods and Drinks does not only thicken the Blood and hinder its free Circulation but it indues it with a watery phlegmatick quality and turns the Humours to the highest degree of souerness more especially if fats and sweetness be compounded together as they are for the most part as the sweetest Wines makes the sharpest Vinegar which immediately tends towards Putrifaction whence proceeds various Diseases according to each mans Constitution and Complexion viz. Scabs Boyls Leprosies Consumptions Gout and Stone all Stoppages of the Breast ill Digestion Nautiousness rotten Teeth offensive Breath all which Distempers have of late years been more brief and frequent since the common eating of sugered Foods and Drinks And indeed most Mothers and Nurses through an ignorant fondness do lay the Foundations for these and the like Diseases in Children from their very Infancy by the continued use of sweetned Milks and other compounded Foods for Sugar tho' it be the King of all Vegitations and the sublimest Salt the Vegitative Kingdom affords as being more highly graduated in the almost paradisical quality the Sweet nevertheless that too frequent or over-much eating of it proves baneful to Health especially to young People and Children for when it comes into the Stomach and is there firmented it presently tends to keneness sharpness and souerness which in many People proves of evil Consequence and does generate a hard gretty Stone making Substance as it finds Matter capable and disposed to receive and joyn Forces with it Fourthly Also let those that are subject to the forementioned Diseases forbear as much as in them lies the frequent eating of fat succulant Foods for you must note that all fat Bodies are nothing so easily dissolvable neither can the Natural Minstrum or Heat of the Stomach so well digest or make separation thereof as it can on Vegitation neither do such things generate so good Blood or fine brisk lively Spirits for this Cause fat Foods lye long in the Stomach and seem to satisfie it not that they afford more or better Nourishment but the reason thereof is their oyliness as is manifest in all External Operations for what Menstrum will easily separate and dissolve fat oyly things The like is to be understood of the Stomach for

three hours but if it be for present drinking then Balm or any other good Herb After this add to every Gallon two or three pound of Treakle or two or three pound of Sugar or Hony but if you would have it very strong then add more sweetning then take some Yest or Barm and put it a working as you do Beer or Ale The same method you may observe in all other Fruits as Goosberries Currans and the like This sort of Drink or Wine is to be preferred before that which is made of the whole Juice especially if your Sugar be good it drinks finer and is lighter on the Stomach and more warm not so apt to send fumes into the Head and will digest any sort of Food much better than that which is commonly made There is another way of making this sort of Drink viz. Take good Water and make it scalding hot put it into your Mash-tub to your bruised Fruits and let them infuse one hour then draw it off infuse your Herbs or Seeds in it if they be bitter half an hour if not then an hour then put it a cooling as you do Wort and then put your Sugar Treakle or Hony what quantity you think fit or as you would have it in strength then add some Yest stir it well together and it will firment or work and so barrel it but cold Water from the Fountain is to be preferred before hot and is much a brisker Wine These are easie cheap familiar ways and makes most excellent Drink If your Fruits be of your own Growth it will then stand you but in a small matter very little more than ordinary Beer and be much stronger This sort of Drink every poor man may have and indeed it is a better and more wholsomer Drink or Wine then the common sort made by pressing for Water is the Homogenial Menstrum in the World and most familiar to Human Nature and by this way of Operation it mildly and sweetly draws forth all the good Virtues of the Fruit without force and violence and leaves the harsh bitter astringency of the Stones and Skins behind whereas pressing doth by its violence force forth the bitter harshness both of the Stones and Skins and is very hurtful as is clearly seen in Syder and Wine for the Stones and Skins are of a harsh bitter astringent Nature and Operation for hard bruising and violent pressing of tender Fruits do not only extract and force forth the harshness of the Stones and Skins but it does as it were suffocate or dismay the fine lively spirituous qualities which your Sense of Tasting will tell you Taste the Fruit before it be bruised or pressed and then the Juice that proceedeth from them the Juice drawn out by our mouth is fine brisk and penetrating but the Juices pressed out are dull heavy and gross to the Palate and Stomach The same is manifest in the Juices pressed out of green Herbs for Example Take what sort or sorts of Sallad Herbs bruise them to mash then take them and dish them into a Sallad and they will be so gross dull heavy and fulsom to both Palate and Stomach but those same Herbs that are dished up into a Sallad which are not bruised will be moist pleasant and grateful Now here you see that this hard bruising and pressing hath as it were wholly destroyed the brisk lively Virtues and indeed all that is desirable or delightful both to the Senses as well as to the Stomach Note that the forementioned Drinks that are made of Water Herbs Fruit Sugar Treakle or Hony are best with cold Water as I have told you before especially in hot Countries for fiered Drinks are no Friends to Nature except wisely handled therefore the Natives of those Climates where they drink Water are not known to have the Stone and where their Foods are simple which all wise men ought to consider Lastly Note that all sorts of Syder would keep much better and be far wholsomer especially for ancient People and such are more or less subject to the Stone or Gravel if when it is new made you infused in part of it some bitter Herbs gathered and prepared as we have taught in our Way to Health viz. Wormwood Hops Cardis Centuary Sage Betiny Dandelion or the like for the bitter quality does naturally hold the sweet Body and Volatile Spirits as it were captive for Mars loves Venus also bitterness does mightily withstand and moderate the keen astringent hard harsh properties that they cannot advance nor devour the sweet mild qualities for this cause all bitter Herbs do preserve all sorts of Drinks and keep them from sharp hardness and astringency longer then otherwise they would Besides they are wholsom pleasant and healthful when People are used to them Also good store of such Herbs whose predominant quality stands in bitterness ought to be infused in all Drinks made of Sugar Mallas Treakle or Hony because such Liquors or Drinks tends to a sharp keneness sooner then Drinks made of Mault which our English and others ought to consider that inhabits the West-Indies and other hot Climates where they frequently make various sorts of Drinks with Sugar Mallas and Fruits and where also they are terribly afflicted with the Stone Gout and Gravel viz. which all or most Drinks made of Sugar or Mallas are apt to generate for the highest Sweets when firmented either in Liquors or in the Stomach quickly tends to the highest sharpness and keen harshness especially in some Constitutions if the sweet quality be not some degrees alaid or captivated by the bitter which do also moderate or withstand the astringent band Having had Experience and certain Knowledge of the Virtues of these Preparations I thought it my Duty to Communicate to the World for the benefit of such as shall please to make use of them and for such as scorn and deride them they shall though they slight my poor Advice injoy my Cordial Pity AN APPENDIX SHEWING The Natural Causes why Fruit-Trees do so frequently fail Bearing and Offering Expediments to make Orchards almost constantly fruitful With a new Experiment of preserving of Eggs sweet and good for several Months HAving in our other Writings occasionally discoursed of Syder and how advantagiously the same might be made especially to Farmers and poor Country People I shall here take leave to add a few Considerations touching Fruit-Trees 'T is certain that planting of Orchards as it is a thing of great Delight and but of little Labour and that most Natural and Agreeable unto the first Commandment of our Creator so it might be as Profitable an Imployment of Ground as any whatsoever The only thing I conceive that discourages many People is That Fruit-Trees especially old planted seldom brings any considerable Crop for if they bear full one year its odds but the next they miss nay often till the third and fourth year after they yield not any considerable quantity of Fruit the Reason of which is

then every cold Air or little Accident will wound his Health or if any particular Member or Limb be weakned or disordered that same Part upon any Outward Heat or Cold or other Accident will suck in the Injury and be easily made more weak and impotent which does hold good in all things whether Vegitations or Animals according to the Nature of each for this Cause it often happens when we have very warm mild Springs little or no Frosts or sharp Easterly winds which of all are esteemed the most pernicious to fruit that there is but little Fruit the following Summer On the contrary other years when there happens cold North and North-East winds and severe Frosts great store of most sorts of Fruits the truth of this every Country man does know and yet for all this all their cry is All our Fruit is blasted in one frosty cold Night or a sharp Wind never so much as considering that other years they have had great store of all sorts of Fruit and yet far colder and sharper Springs but most People do in this as they do by themselves every Disorder that happens to them they attribute to outward Cold and Accident that comes that way and hardly think of the inward Causes Intemperances and other Violences they offer to Nature whence most or all Obstructions does arise and proceed as we have largely demonstrated in our other Writings The truth of what we have before declared is further manifested by this viz. if you cut down an old Orchard and cleanse the Ground as well as you can from the Roots and then plant young Trees in the old ones places neither the one nor the other will thrive nor come to any Maturity but are very Scrubs and often dye and come to nothing at least not thrive or grow so much in ten years as those in new Ground will in three or four the chief Reason thereof is because the Ground in which old Orchards stood is as it were destitute of or contain very little of that Radical Juices or Salniteral Virtues that is proper for the Nourishment of such Fruit-Trees since the foregoing Trees but all new ground especially such as is proper for Fruit-Trees does abound and is impregnated with that Salniteral Juice and Virtue as is clear by the thriving and proving of Trees there planted Moreover most or all old Orchards the Boughs Limbs and Branches of the Trees are covered with a certain Moss of a dry husky harsh astringent Substance which does arise for want of a proper quantity of Nourishment that stops the Passages and Pores hindering the true Circulation of the Radical Moisture and then the Essential Juices becomes tough and as it were stagnated which presently destroys the lively Complexion and Beauty of that thing and whensoever this happens in Trees presently a mossy Scurf grows on the Limbs and Boughs like unto Scurf or a mangy Disease in Animals for when the Ground by the long standing of Trees grows poor hungry and barren as to the virtue that Trees delight in then that Nourishment that they do draw forth is not good neither doth it generate good Juices and the Trees begins to Languish and become Consumptive which is the true Cause of Moss Cankers Blithes and the like and yet that same Ground if Manured for other things as Beans Peas and the like will bear great Crops for it was rich enough in that Salniteral quality that was proper and natural for the Nourishment of such Grain but poor and out of heart in respect of Trees but if you cut down an old Orchard and Manure the Ground for various sorts of Corn and Dung it as other Land for eight or twelve years the longer the better then plant a young Orchard the Trees will thrive pretty well for in this time the Earth hath recovered and strengthened the weak and fading Salniteral virtues proper for Trees but not so strong and vigorous as that Ground that never had Fruit-Trees planted in it But here some will Object Why should not Fruit-Trees thrive and bear without manuring and dunging as well as other Trees viz. Oaks Elms Hazels and the like which will grow in one sort of Ground without any dunging or manuring for many score years I Answer 'T is to be understood that all such Ground in which Oaks Hazels and the like grow is principally indued with such a quality as is proper to bring forth and nourish such Trees and consists chiefly thereof and therefore such Woods will grow naturally there without planting as well as without manuring So all good Ground will always bring forth Grass more or less as the Season is kind or the contrary But our Apples Pears and most fort of Wall-fruit does not so naturally grow in our Climate any more then several sorts of our Garden Herbs which both Trees and Herbs are all managed by Art and great Industry or else they will dwindle away and come to nothing tho' Field Herbs are plenty enough naturally so that every thing must be managed according to its kind and there is no parity between Fruit-Trees and other common Trees both for the Reason just now given as especially because the latter does not bare any Annual Crop as the former but if the Trunk and Branches live and grow it 's enough whereas you expect much more from your Orchards and therefore must be at more pains with it Sometimes you shall see in the Spring a Tree bravely blossomed and yet at Autumn no Fruit the Reason is commonly ascribed to Blasting or Frosts but I believe it may most times be referred to the Cause before-mentioned for in the early Spring the Sun giving every thing vigor the Soyl made shift to supply the Tree with Radical Moisture enough to make that show but not being able to continue its Recruits the poor Tree could not perform its Promise nor Nature accomplish its Intentions But you 'l say What Remedy for all this Can you shew a Natural way to keep and render Trees capable of bearing every year or for the most part I Answer you and it is thus Digg three four five or six yards about each Tree to the Root carry away most of the Earth and supply the place with fresh Earth mixed with a little Dung alike quantity to which you carried away and this you ought to do every three four or five years or as often as the Farmer dungs his Land for Corn which will give such Life Power and Virtue to your Trees that you need not much doubt of a Crop every year or at leastwise it will seldom miss and your Fruit will be large and fair but if this be too much trouble and charge then digg or trench your Orchard and Dung it well once in two three or four years which may serve indifferent well The very same management ought to be observed in all sorts of Wall-Fruit-Trees and others It is also to be noted That when you plant Orchards or Walls in